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Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera.

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Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you Should Know?

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Speaker 1: From House Stuff Works dot com. This episode is sponsored

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Speaker 1: by go daddy dot com, the world's largest web host

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Speaker 1: and domain name registrart with domains as low as a

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Speaker 1: and save ten percent off your entire order. Get your

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Speaker 1: piece of the Internet at go daddy dot com. Hey,

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Speaker 1: and welcome to the podcast. It's called Stuff you Should

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Speaker 1: Know appropriately enough, I'm Josh Clark with me as always

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Speaker 1: is who it's Chuck. That's right, Chuck. It's good to

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Speaker 1: be back. I know it feels like it's been a

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Speaker 1: well Christmas holidays, right. I know that listeners think, through

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Speaker 1: the magic of iTunes, that we never leave the studio

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Speaker 1: at all, but in fact we've been off for a

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Speaker 1: couple of weeks and now we're back. Yeah. Do you

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Speaker 1: know we've actually gotten um offers to be rescued from

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Speaker 1: a couple of our listeners because from Studio one A yeah.

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Speaker 1: On our Facebook page, I think I said that we're

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Speaker 1: not allowed to leave. I got a pretty good response. Nice. Yeah, okay,

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Speaker 1: so you asked for pizza or cash, Oh it's coming, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I'm buttering them up. Or shrimp cocktail, your favorite cocktail? Exactly.

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Speaker 1: I can finally get the shrimp cocktail. Um, Chuck. Yes,

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Speaker 1: do you remember back in the nineties? Maybe a haze

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Speaker 1: for you. No, you don't remember the nineties. No, it's

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Speaker 1: not a haze. I do, right, Oh, that was a

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Speaker 1: weird response college I was studying and such. Okay, so

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Speaker 1: so you do remember the nineties. Okay, So, Chuck, you

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Speaker 1: are a child of the recycling generation. Do you remember

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Speaker 1: when that thing just blew up? It came out of nowhere?

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Speaker 1: I do. My brother and I were talking about this

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Speaker 1: the other day with the initial Yeah, we were with

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Speaker 1: the Crying Indian in the seventies, which was just about littering,

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Speaker 1: right when the good old days when you would just

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Speaker 1: start trashing like an anchorman. They're walking through the parking

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Speaker 1: but just so nuts. Do you ever see anybody in

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Speaker 1: their car just throwing something out occasionally and it's just

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Speaker 1: boil your blood and it's like, what are you doing?

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Speaker 1: How can I be that unaware? You know? I hit

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Speaker 1: them with my car. Okay, so you're talking about the

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Speaker 1: the Amerindian who is crying because of the trash, right.

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Speaker 1: And then later on recycling became like newspapers kind of

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Speaker 1: where I remember it starting. It did. As a matter

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Speaker 1: of fact, the first curb side newspaper recycling program started

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Speaker 1: in nineteen seventy three in University City, Missouri, I believe,

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Speaker 1: or Missouri as my mom would say. But it took

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Speaker 1: a little while for it to take off, from nineteen

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Speaker 1: seventy three to the nineties. But in the nineties it

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Speaker 1: really gained traction and gain ground. And if you remember correctly,

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Speaker 1: you used to have to have like all these different

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Speaker 1: bins for you know, this colored glass, right, this kind

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Speaker 1: of plastic or paper, you know, and then then all

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Speaker 1: of a sudden it just went away. They're like, just

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Speaker 1: throw it all in one bin. And because recycling seems

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Speaker 1: so important, I know, I always wondered, like, is this

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Speaker 1: stuff really getting recycled. And then when when they went

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Speaker 1: to this whole you know, just single bin hodgepodge of everything,

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Speaker 1: I was like, well, that's it. I mean, they're not

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Speaker 1: even trying to keep it that they're that they're not

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Speaker 1: dumping this stuff, right, so UM, it turns out that

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Speaker 1: they actually are that you can pretty much guarantee that

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Speaker 1: almost all of what you are putting in your recycling

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Speaker 1: bin is getting recycled. And the thing that threw us

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Speaker 1: off where all of a sudden, we're just throwing everything

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Speaker 1: in one bin. It's called single stream recycling. That's a

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Speaker 1: result of UM recycling technology, which is awesome because it

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Speaker 1: made it a lot easier for people that maybe wouldn't

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Speaker 1: be prone to recycle because they didn't want to separate everything. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: so yeah, it was awesome. It was a pain, it

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Speaker 1: was definite pain. And now you just throw it all

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Speaker 1: in one bin. They come and get it. And back

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Speaker 1: in the day there there used to be a lot

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Speaker 1: of human contact with your garbage that was being recycled.

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Speaker 1: But these technological advances, so imagine that's okay. There's like

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Speaker 1: a uh, this conveyor belt that your recyclables are dumped

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Speaker 1: onto and they go through this weird gauntlet where there's

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Speaker 1: like magnets that attract like tin cans and then drop

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Speaker 1: them into into bins. Lasers lasers always you know, a

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Speaker 1: personal favorite of mine. They they're they're infrared lasers that

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Speaker 1: are used to scan the wavelength that's emitted by um

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Speaker 1: different types of plastic, and then they're appropriately taken off

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Speaker 1: the conveyor belt. And then there's there's others that have

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Speaker 1: puffs of air that can only get like, um, like cardboard,

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Speaker 1: like a toilet, paper, paper towel roll, just puffs it off.

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Speaker 1: All your stuff going through this is being assaulted. And

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Speaker 1: you know the way it reacts to these assaults, they're

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Speaker 1: gonna end up in the right kind of bin. So

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Speaker 1: you need very little human contact, or much less than

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Speaker 1: you did before. So um that that should put the

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Speaker 1: single stream fear to rest, right. Sure, I I've heard

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Speaker 1: well I never really doubted it too much, but I

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Speaker 1: do know people that think it's a liberal conspiracy and

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Speaker 1: that nothing is being recycled. So well, actually, there's a

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Speaker 1: there's an economist I can't remember his name, but he

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Speaker 1: went to the trouble of proving that recycling is actually

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Speaker 1: more harmful than good. Yeah, um, as far as like

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Speaker 1: an environmental cost benefit, it's actually more harmful because I

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Speaker 1: think he took into account like all the gas that

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Speaker 1: the trucks burn, that kind of thing, uh, and in

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Speaker 1: the electricity used in the recycling plants, and he came

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Speaker 1: to the conclusion that's actually more harmful than good. I

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Speaker 1: I don't necessarily subscribe to that, right was I'm sure

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Speaker 1: he was contradicted by more than one person. Yeah, but

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Speaker 1: he was a respected economist. He wasn't just you know,

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Speaker 1: some crack potter Joe Schmoy economists. No, right, exactly. But

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Speaker 1: he he may have very well been a conservative economist because,

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Speaker 1: as you said, recycling is a big liberal conspiracy in

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Speaker 1: some people's eyes. Exactly. Few, I would say, probably a

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Speaker 1: lot of people on board now and in the two

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Speaker 1: thousand's exactly. But I was having a conversation with my

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Speaker 1: father the other day, and he is the herbal Elvis exactly.

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Speaker 1: He was down, actually was he was kind of you know,

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Speaker 1: at the at the equilibrium point, which is good. So

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Speaker 1: he's very lucid. Um. And he uh, he and I

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Speaker 1: were talking. He said that the people at his recycling center, uh,

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Speaker 1: they don't have curbside pickup where he lives out in

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Speaker 1: the sticks. Um, they take their their stuff to the center,

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Speaker 1: and that they were told by one of the employees

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Speaker 1: that works there, um that there they don't recycling or

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Speaker 1: they just take all the stuff to the dump. Yes,

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Speaker 1: and I told him that the man at the recycling

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Speaker 1: center was a total idiot, and uh, basically Dad wanted

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Speaker 1: to know why, as is his one um, and I

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Speaker 1: told him that that's just an awful business model. So

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Speaker 1: think about this. There's this thing called it tipping fee.

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Speaker 1: And in two thousand eight, the tipping fee is what

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Speaker 1: you pay to dump your stuff at a landfill, and

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Speaker 1: it's usually per ton. In the US, in two thousand eight,

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Speaker 1: it was about forty two bucks on average for per

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Speaker 1: ton of everything anything you wanted to come dump. They

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Speaker 1: weigh it by ton and then you pay forty two

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Speaker 1: bucks to Have you ever been to a landfill? Yeah?

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Speaker 1: I know they actually have been to some that are

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Speaker 1: kind of tranquil, quite nice. Yeah, they have like ponds

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Speaker 1: and stuff, so you would never ever want to swim in.

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Speaker 1: But there's like rolling hills filled with garbage, but it's

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Speaker 1: grass over it. I've been to somewhere they're actually going

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Speaker 1: to the effort to make it look decent. But yeah,

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Speaker 1: and then you turn around there's like some rest of

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Speaker 1: refrigerator with like a corpse in it or something. So

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Speaker 1: they can be depressing places. Okay, but there's there's that

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Speaker 1: tipping fee. Right, So you drive up and there's a

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Speaker 1: scale that's embedded into the ground. It weighs you, and

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Speaker 1: you pay appropriately. Some states are are more than others.

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Speaker 1: I think ver Months tipping fee. The average tipping fee

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Speaker 1: in the state's nineties six bucks a ton, and then

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Speaker 1: I think Oklahoma is on the low end, it's like

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Speaker 1: fourteen or seventeen bucks a ton. So clearly, the more

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Speaker 1: you charge and tipping fees, the more people are going

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Speaker 1: to recycle exactly. But the point is is that there

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Speaker 1: because you have to pay too dump this stuff. Sure,

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Speaker 1: and you're not charging anybody money to come drop off

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Speaker 1: their recyclables. All you're doing is throwing your money out

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Speaker 1: the window. You might as well empty out your bank

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Speaker 1: account into a dump truck and back it into a landfill.

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Speaker 1: Did you explain this to your father? I did. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: this is actually you don't know this, but you are

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Speaker 1: trapped right in the middle of a recreation of this

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Speaker 1: conversation we had, um. So that's number one. The other

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Speaker 1: thing is that you you can actually get money from

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Speaker 1: recyclables their commodity. So what I mean, what happens when

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Speaker 1: you take your recyclables to uh to a recycling center

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Speaker 1: and they're they're diverted from the dump, thank god, to

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Speaker 1: you know, a recycling plant. What happened? I mean, what

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Speaker 1: do they get turned into? Well, they get turned eventually

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Speaker 1: back into the original raw material, which is a commodity.

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Speaker 1: It's worth money, like you said, so they have every

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Speaker 1: incentive to recycle. So like that mixed office paper is

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Speaker 1: being turned into um cardboard maybe you're old newspapers Actually

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Speaker 1: are really very commonly used for cardboards, stuff like that. UM.

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Speaker 1: Or you know, plastic bottles are being turned into um

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Speaker 1: like a fleece jacket. And actually there's a plastic bottle

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Speaker 1: you want to avoid if you ever tip it upside

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Speaker 1: down and you look, that's where you're gonna find your

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Speaker 1: recycling symbol, right and the number correct. Yes, So if

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Speaker 1: you see a triangular recycling symbol with a three inside,

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Speaker 1: you should actually do this while you're at the store.

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Speaker 1: Look at the bottle and if you see a three,

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Speaker 1: put it back and keep looking until you find, you know,

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Speaker 1: the laundry to churchen or whatever you're you're looking for

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Speaker 1: that doesn't have a three, and it has a one

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Speaker 1: or a two or something like that. UM. And then

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Speaker 1: all of a sudden that one with the three will

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Speaker 1: go away eventually like PC. And that's because it's is

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Speaker 1: it impossible to recycle or it's not hard. It's very

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Speaker 1: very The the ways you can recycle or the things

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Speaker 1: you can recycle into a very very limited, like maybe

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Speaker 1: a plastic park bench or something like that, because there's

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Speaker 1: so many additives and plus it there. It's actually um.

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Speaker 1: There's there's whole websites and organizations dedicated to getting rid

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Speaker 1: of PVC. Wh There's number one, it's it's impossible recycle.

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Speaker 1: So just that does generally end up in the dump

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Speaker 1: unless you take it to a specialty recycling plant. UM.

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Speaker 1: And number two it contains thalamites, and thalamites are UM.

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Speaker 1: It depends on the plastic. Thalamites are like a softener

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Speaker 1: to to soften plastic. So like your vinyl shower curtain

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Speaker 1: that has thalamites in it, when you put it in

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Speaker 1: and it starts smelling weird, that's the thalamites. And they're

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Speaker 1: actually really harmful that children's toys, like the kind of

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Speaker 1: mouthble ones that they chew on. Bad news. PVC thallamites

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Speaker 1: not good stuff. So if you start doing this at

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Speaker 1: the store, if you start, if you stop buying things

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Speaker 1: that are made in or delivered in PBC containers. PVC

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Speaker 1: is gonna go the way of the dinosaur pretty quick. Um.

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Speaker 1: But okay, so you want to look what you want

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Speaker 1: to look out for PVC? Right, Oh, I know what

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Speaker 1: we're talking about, raw materials. Back to raw materials, back

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Speaker 1: to raw materials. So recyclables are commodity because they're broken

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Speaker 1: back down into their original composition basically, right, okay, and

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Speaker 1: then they're sold for for big dough. It can be

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Speaker 1: big dough. Actually, I was reading an MPR article and um,

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Speaker 1: the price per ton that wholesale purchasers of of recycled

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Speaker 1: mixed office paper we're paying in this this past summer,

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Speaker 1: it was like ninety bucks a ton, big money. And

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Speaker 1: these are these are companies that are buying hundreds of

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Speaker 1: thousands of tons a month um. So it was big

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Speaker 1: business to recycle. And by the fall it had dropped

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Speaker 1: to nothing because even you know, recycling is subject to

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Speaker 1: inflation and gas fuel prices. Well, not just that, but

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Speaker 1: the economy. People stop buying goods, so less goods were manufactured. Um.

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Speaker 1: But it's also because it's it's it's subject to economic whims.

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Speaker 1: It's also subject to consumers. Right, So like if you

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Speaker 1: if you only buy um products that are sold in

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Speaker 1: recyclable or recycled materials, that are made from recycled materials. Um,

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Speaker 1: you the people who make these things are going to

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Speaker 1: start buying more and more recycled stuff, okay, because that's

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Speaker 1: what the consumers want. And if you stop buying stuff

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Speaker 1: that's made with you know, virgin raw materials, all of

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Speaker 1: a sudden, these trees are being saved or more plastic

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Speaker 1: isn't being made. And it's so it's kind of cool

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Speaker 1: to know that you can have this each person. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: you can also have an effect by making sure or

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Speaker 1: doing your best to make sure that everything that you

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Speaker 1: putting your recycling ben gets recycled. And one of the

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Speaker 1: ways you can do that is by cleaning the stuff.

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Speaker 1: I know that I know you referenced Minnesota in the article,

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Speaker 1: and I believe it's the same here in Georgia. About

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Speaker 1: pizza boxes, I've heard that pizza boxes they won't recycled

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Speaker 1: because they have you know, cheese and grease and stuff

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Speaker 1: on it. Actually just throw mine away, now, do you. Yeah, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's probably good idea, And um, I I do a

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Speaker 1: real good job about cleaning out all my glass products

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Speaker 1: just because it stinks and you don't want, you know,

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Speaker 1: the barbecue sauce smelling after a few days. So that's

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Speaker 1: the reason I do it. But it turns out it

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Speaker 1: has a better chance of getting recycled. It does and

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Speaker 1: if you kind of look at it, like your your

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Speaker 1: bottle of barbecue sauce. If you look at it, you

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Speaker 1: will see that it's not just a bottle of barbecue sauce.

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Speaker 1: There's several components to it, the lid, maybe that little

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Speaker 1: ring that held the lid in place, to the safety

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Speaker 1: seal um that's not just kind of dangling around the

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Speaker 1: neck of the bottle of the label. If you break

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Speaker 1: this thing down into its parts, you're increasing its chances

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Speaker 1: of being recycled as well, because if you think about

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Speaker 1: the labels paper, but the bottles glass and the cap

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Speaker 1: is plastic. So you separate it, you're making it easier

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Speaker 1: for the people at the recycling plant, or I should

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Speaker 1: say the magnets and lasers at the recycling plant. And

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Speaker 1: it's it's going to be likelier to be recycled, right,

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Speaker 1: it won't become a residual, which I believe that is

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Speaker 1: what the refuse is called it. They cannot recycle correct, right,

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Speaker 1: and they want to any any recycling company would want

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Speaker 1: to cut down on residual, right because that's just lost money.

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Speaker 1: So they're gonna do a lot to kind of make it,

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Speaker 1: UM get as much money as possible by recycling as

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Speaker 1: much ASTU as possible. But you can definitely help, right, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's great. I agree. So does that take us too?

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Speaker 1: Plastic and where that might end up? Yeah, you know,

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Speaker 1: plastic is kind of a big problem, right, and not

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Speaker 1: just PBC, but you know there's some play stick that's

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Speaker 1: a lot easier to recycle than others, UM, but it

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Speaker 1: doesn't always get recycled, and when it doesn't get recycled,

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Speaker 1: it can end up in some really screwed up places, right,

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Speaker 1: most specifically the ocean. Yes, a lot, a lot of

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Speaker 1: this stuff ends up in the ocean. And I have

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Speaker 1: a stat for you if you if you're into that,

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Speaker 1: you know, I'm into your stats. Uh. The the u

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Speaker 1: N did a little study their environmental program and they said,

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Speaker 1: in two thousand six, every square mild ocean has forty

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Speaker 1: six thousand pieces of floating plastic in it. Not awful,

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Speaker 1: forty six thousand pieces per square mile, And of the

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Speaker 1: more than two hundred billion pounds of plastic that we

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Speaker 1: produce each year all over the world is not United States,

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Speaker 1: about ten percent of that ends up in the ocean,

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Speaker 1: and a lot of that ends up on the floor

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Speaker 1: of the ocean. Well, not just a lot of it's

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Speaker 1: seventy of it ends up on the floor of the ocean.

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Speaker 1: So if every square mile has forty six thousand pieces floating,

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Speaker 1: that's thirty of what's actually in the ocean. The rest

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Speaker 1: is on the ocean floor, right, all right, So plastic

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Speaker 1: is it's well, it's plastic, right, It's super wonderful material.

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Speaker 1: It's so useful. But yes, it doesn't biodegrade. It does

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Speaker 1: break down, it photo degrades, but it doesn't break down

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Speaker 1: molecularly into simpler compounds that can be absorbed by nature.

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Speaker 1: It just breaks down into smaller and smaller pieces of

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Speaker 1: the same thing, conveniently bite sized pieces, which is one

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Speaker 1: of the big problems. What they're called mermaids tears or nerdles. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's probably the saddest thing I've ever heard in my life.

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Speaker 1: It is. It's almost as bad as the American Indian crying. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: some mermaids here. Uh so yeah, what happens is the

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Speaker 1: stuff ends up in the ocean and filter feeders like

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Speaker 1: our friend the whale, shark and catfish they take the

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Speaker 1: stuff in because they think it's food. Uh, seagulls, albatross

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Speaker 1: they eat the stuff and uh it ends up you know,

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Speaker 1: killing a large chair. Yeah yeah, but wait, there's more

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Speaker 1: aside from the choking hazard or you know, any problems

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Speaker 1: digestive problems that can occur. Um. These little mermaids tears

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Speaker 1: actually have this added property of attracting toxins like a sponge.

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Speaker 1: So like the anything, any toxin it comes in contact

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Speaker 1: within the ocean, it can actually draw stuff to it.

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Speaker 1: It soaks it up, absorbs it, hangs onto it, and

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Speaker 1: then when it's eaten, little poison pills. Basically pretty much

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Speaker 1: shooting and sinking any ocean. And this is all over

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Speaker 1: the place, but there's actually there's this. There's a place

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Speaker 1: in the Pacific Ocean. This is startling to me. There's

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Speaker 1: a place in the Pacific in between Japan and California, right,

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Speaker 1: and it is called the North Pacific subtropic gyre okay um.

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Speaker 1: And basically a gyre is just it's a circulating area

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Speaker 1: of water. But this is this isn't like a funnel,

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Speaker 1: it's it's much more wide than that. Actually, one of

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Speaker 1: these gyres is twice the size of Texas. This this

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Speaker 1: subtropic gyre, the one in the North Pacific is actually

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Speaker 1: there's two, and they're connected by a six thousand long

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Speaker 1: subtropical convergent zone miles of basically trash and other things

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Speaker 1: making its way from one to the other. This is

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Speaker 1: where the garbage goes. This the the garbage that if

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Speaker 1: you have a cigarette lighter and it goes out or

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Speaker 1: it comes out of your pocket because you had it

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Speaker 1: in your bathing suit when you jumped in it, it

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Speaker 1: will likely end up in this huge garbage patch. There

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Speaker 1: is a garbage patch in the Pacific Ocean that's twice

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Speaker 1: the size of Texas, and it's just kind of slowly

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Speaker 1: sitting there turning. There's actually there's there's two versions. There's

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Speaker 1: a western in the eastern right, and just one of

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Speaker 1: them is twice the exactly and that's they're connected by

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Speaker 1: the little trash trail on the six thousand mile trash trail.

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Speaker 1: And this is having you could say, something of an

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Speaker 1: impact on some of the Island, the island chains in

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Speaker 1: the area right Hawaiian Islands, some of the wine islands,

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Speaker 1: some of them are Some of them have beaches that

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Speaker 1: feature um five to ten feet of trash ten ft

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Speaker 1: deep and the plastic sand is what they call it. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: bads tears that that turned into these really tiny tiny

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Speaker 1: bits that you just can't do anything about. It comes

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Speaker 1: and mixed in with the beach. So it's bad news.

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Speaker 1: The the there is one heartening thing to all this,

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Speaker 1: to the great Pacific garbage pat It can be it

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Speaker 1: can be reduced. And the reason it can be reduced

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Speaker 1: is because I think eight percent of the trash and

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Speaker 1: the ocean it starts on land. This isn't like ocean

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Speaker 1: going vessels going out and dumping you know in this

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Speaker 1: jy or anything like. It's it's pulled there and it's

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Speaker 1: usually from land. That was good to hear. I mean,

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Speaker 1: it's sad in a way because it's coming from us,

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Speaker 1: but it's good to know that, you know, something can

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Speaker 1: change about that, right because it's everyday people who are

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Speaker 1: doing this. It's not you know, some faceless corporation. It's

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Speaker 1: not the people who are duping us into thinking that

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Speaker 1: where our stuff is being recycled and they're actually taking

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Speaker 1: it and dumping it in the Pacific. There's something you

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Speaker 1: can do, Like you can not UM use plastic grocery

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Speaker 1: bags anymore. It's a great ice very popular. UM. You

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Speaker 1: can recycle absolutely everything. UM. You can. You can if

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Speaker 1: you have eco anxiety, which we've talked about, you can follow.

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Speaker 1: You can walk up and down the street and pull

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Speaker 1: the aquafina water bottles out of the trash and you

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Speaker 1: can do theirself sure, or you could charter a helicopter

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Speaker 1: and have them fly you out to the gyre and

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Speaker 1: get to work. That's so that's just the tip of

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Speaker 1: the iceberg. On the on the on you know, recycling

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Speaker 1: in the World's Biggest landfill, which is the Great Pacific

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Speaker 1: garbage paths and it is UM and we've got a

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Speaker 1: couple of articles on them. Coincidentally, this is a dual podcast.

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Speaker 1: This is a bonus street It was Yeah, it's our

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Speaker 1: first time ever. We hope you liked it. UM. You

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Speaker 1: can read both of these articles by going to our

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Speaker 1: handy search bar and typing in world Biggest Landfill or

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Speaker 1: recycling reality and you can do that at how stuff

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Speaker 1: works dot com and Chuck we have a little listener

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Speaker 1: mail we do my favorite part of the show, mail time.

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Speaker 1: So today Josh, we have I'm gonna start off with

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Speaker 1: some corrections. Actually I'm gonna start off end end with corrections.

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Speaker 1: I have a few. We had a recent podcast on

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Speaker 1: body armor which was a special request from a soldier,

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Speaker 1: Donald Anderson and Iraq. And um. First correction is Donald

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Speaker 1: actually wrote us back because we didn't have his We

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Speaker 1: found out his rank as a sergeant and it's a

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Speaker 1: sergeant part of the fourth Squadron, third Armored Calvary Regiment,

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Speaker 1: and he works on the Age sixty f D turbine engine,

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Speaker 1: which I did a little googling, and that's in the

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Speaker 1: Apache helicopter. He's got a very cool job. And he

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Speaker 1: thanked us for the for the podcast. And um, some

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Speaker 1: people wrote in because we were talking about the spider

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Speaker 1: silk being made from the goat and we couldn't conceive

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Speaker 1: of how that would happen exactly. We thought of it

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Speaker 1: coming out of its dairy air or right right, what

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Speaker 1: was it? We said, let's listen, yealysis. Yeah, they've actually

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Speaker 1: genetically engineered goats to produce spider silk. That is, and

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Speaker 1: I take it maybe their hair grows like that. I

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Speaker 1: have no idea because I don't know where the silk

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Speaker 1: would come out of the poor goat, so we did

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Speaker 1: not know. We put the call out to our our listeners,

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Speaker 1: and because they're really smart and awesome, we had a

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Speaker 1: bunch of people right in. And it turns out that

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Speaker 1: the spider silk is actually created in their milk, the

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Speaker 1: goats milk, and uh, it's very strong and apparently it's

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Speaker 1: compatible with the human body, so it can also be

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Speaker 1: used for artificial limbs and stuff. Now, so I just

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Speaker 1: have a few names just to give people their due. Uh.

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Speaker 1: Nick McCracken of Waynesville, North Carolina. Kimberly Fletcher of Campbell, California.

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Speaker 1: Jeff Buell of the Earth Wow, not see where he

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Speaker 1: was from. II leaned forward whole stage from California. Michael

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Speaker 1: Barressitch h Matt Jensen of New York. Sean cash In

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Speaker 1: who just wrote in like literally ten minutes before we

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Speaker 1: went on the year, and one final person was unnamed

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Speaker 1: and he's my favorite because or she because the email

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Speaker 1: simply said the one so it may have been from

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Speaker 1: God himself. Wow. Well, thank you God and all the

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Speaker 1: rest of you for that. Correct and you've got some more. Well,

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Speaker 1: just one more small quick correction. We did have a viewer,

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Speaker 1: I'm sorry listener mail on a recent podcast, and we

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Speaker 1: butchered the name and ginger this person Costs cos said

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Speaker 1: something like Bitch Tall of Wisconsin. And it's actually a female.

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00:23:44,960 --> 00:23:47,520
Speaker 1: I think we said Costs. Yeah, we're really sorry about that, Costs.

427
00:23:47,560 --> 00:23:50,320
Speaker 1: I don't know why we just automatically assumed you were mad.

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00:23:50,680 --> 00:23:55,240
Speaker 1: And so it's actually, uh Coss Bates Stall and she's

429
00:23:55,240 --> 00:23:58,320
Speaker 1: a girl and we're very happy for him, and where

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00:23:58,400 --> 00:24:01,560
Speaker 1: we apologize. Yeah, thanks in a snow pop and uh.

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Speaker 1: If you want to let us know how to pronounce

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00:24:03,280 --> 00:24:07,760
Speaker 1: your name and tell us your gender, talk about goat's milk, whatever,

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00:24:08,280 --> 00:24:11,760
Speaker 1: you can send us an email at stuff podcast at

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00:24:11,760 --> 00:24:17,560
Speaker 1: how stuff works dot com for more on this and

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00:24:17,600 --> 00:24:21,200
Speaker 1: thousands of other topics. Does it how stuff works dot com.

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00:24:21,520 --> 00:24:26,000
Speaker 1: H brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera.

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Speaker 1: It's ready, are you