WEBVTT - Pirate Talk And Other Falsehoods About Pirates 0:00:01.560 --> 0:00:05.240 Welcome to Criminalia, a production of Shonda Land Audio in 0:00:05.280 --> 0:00:14.080 partnership with I Heart Radio, oh Amy Hardys, and welcome 0:00:14.080 --> 0:00:17.400 to Criminalia, where it's pirate season. We'll be exploring the 0:00:17.440 --> 0:00:20.520 lives and motivations of some of the most notorious freebooters 0:00:20.520 --> 0:00:23.720 throughout history. I'm a Ranch Market and I'm a Holly 0:00:23.760 --> 0:00:28.000 Fry and welcome to our Talk Like a Pirate Day celebration. 0:00:28.240 --> 0:00:31.680 Although pirates did not actually speak like most of us 0:00:31.760 --> 0:00:35.560 probably will on September maybe after we've had a couple. 0:00:36.240 --> 0:00:38.360 It doesn't mean that it is not a lot of 0:00:38.360 --> 0:00:41.480 fun to throw that lingo around. But if you've ever 0:00:41.520 --> 0:00:44.239 wondered about the origins of Talk Like a Pirate Day, 0:00:44.360 --> 0:00:46.520 you actually don't have to look back very far into 0:00:46.560 --> 0:00:49.680 the past at all, just to the mid ninety nineties. 0:00:50.320 --> 0:00:53.560 Back then, friends John Bower and Mark Summers, who also 0:00:53.720 --> 0:00:58.120 used the more piratical monikers Captain Slappy and Old Chum Bucket, 0:00:58.480 --> 0:01:01.640 according to their own account, started talking to each other 0:01:01.680 --> 0:01:05.160 like pirates one day while they were playing racquetball, of 0:01:05.200 --> 0:01:08.560 all things, not a very piratey kind of endeavor, and 0:01:08.640 --> 0:01:11.240 so they just started doing it as friends do, to 0:01:11.319 --> 0:01:14.119 make themselves laugh. I think we have all fallen into 0:01:14.160 --> 0:01:18.000 that thing where suddenly everyone at your table while you're 0:01:18.000 --> 0:01:21.920 out for drinks or a snack starts using a horrible 0:01:21.959 --> 0:01:25.479 page accent or pretending their French for a moment. We've 0:01:25.520 --> 0:01:27.679 all done it. They were just doing it to make 0:01:27.720 --> 0:01:30.199 each other laugh. And then in two thousand two, after 0:01:30.240 --> 0:01:32.440 they had done this for a few years as a 0:01:32.440 --> 0:01:35.480 little joke and picked out the date of September nineteen 0:01:36.160 --> 0:01:39.240 as Talk Like a Pirate Day for themselves, they decided 0:01:39.280 --> 0:01:43.119 that they would email Humorous Dave Barry to tell him 0:01:43.160 --> 0:01:46.120 about their fun idea of a pirate talking holiday. And 0:01:46.160 --> 0:01:49.280 Barry loved it, and he wrote a column about it, 0:01:49.360 --> 0:01:52.640 and soon Talk Like a Pirate Day took off. So 0:01:52.720 --> 0:01:54.640 that is where this whole thing comes from, if you've 0:01:54.680 --> 0:01:58.000 been celebrating for the last twenty years or so. But 0:01:58.120 --> 0:02:01.400 keep in mind, this is all pretend end, and as 0:02:01.440 --> 0:02:05.400 we're going to talk about today, sometimes so are the pirates. 0:02:06.000 --> 0:02:09.240 Pirates probably had a way of speaking, you know. Grog, 0:02:09.400 --> 0:02:12.080 for instance, was a real drink drunk by pirates as 0:02:12.080 --> 0:02:15.280 well as the British Royal Navy. But it's not possible 0:02:15.320 --> 0:02:17.720 to go back to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries during 0:02:17.800 --> 0:02:20.720 the Golden Age of piracy, to listen to any voice 0:02:20.720 --> 0:02:24.080 recordings of pirate language or their accent from around the world. 0:02:24.680 --> 0:02:27.280 We just don't know for sure. Nobody was interviewed by 0:02:27.280 --> 0:02:30.800 Oprah at that time. How could we know? But Ahoimi, 0:02:30.880 --> 0:02:34.200 hardyse and shiver me timbers, though I'm sorry to say 0:02:34.639 --> 0:02:37.680 they're considered by historians not to have been uttered by 0:02:37.720 --> 0:02:41.840 any real pirates. So where did talking like a pirate 0:02:41.960 --> 0:02:46.799 in the fictional sense really come from? Uh? Where did 0:02:46.800 --> 0:02:50.320 we get all of these silly phrases? Historian Colin Woodard, 0:02:50.320 --> 0:02:53.560 while studying examples of writing by real pirates during the 0:02:53.600 --> 0:02:57.000 Golden Age of piracy, found that those individuals were not 0:02:57.200 --> 0:03:00.680 writing with words and phrases such as Ahoian eighties and 0:03:00.720 --> 0:03:04.079 nowhere could he find a scribbled are And these were 0:03:04.080 --> 0:03:08.480 writings by literate, educated people who had chosen a life 0:03:08.480 --> 0:03:11.720 of piracy, not out of desperation, as many members of 0:03:11.760 --> 0:03:14.280 the crew might have. This is it to say that 0:03:14.360 --> 0:03:17.600 every pirate sailing the high seas was like this. In fact, 0:03:17.720 --> 0:03:20.560 many of them probably were illiterate and had never learned 0:03:20.560 --> 0:03:23.239 to read or write. But what are discovered many were 0:03:23.240 --> 0:03:25.800 actually more educated than we might all have guessed, and 0:03:25.880 --> 0:03:28.920 certainly more than modern media gives most pirates credit for. 0:03:29.960 --> 0:03:32.960 You know, how a person talks their language, their accent, 0:03:33.120 --> 0:03:36.920 their cadence, that sort of thing usually depends upon where 0:03:36.960 --> 0:03:40.160 that person is from, or maybe where they live. It's 0:03:40.160 --> 0:03:44.520 no different for pirates who came from countries including Spain, England, France, 0:03:44.560 --> 0:03:48.760 the Netherlands, and the America's scholars agree that most pirates, 0:03:48.880 --> 0:03:52.720 at least those around the British Empire, sounded pretty similar 0:03:52.760 --> 0:03:55.400 to how an underclass British sailor would have spoken at 0:03:55.440 --> 0:03:58.600 the time, and that means that their English would probably 0:03:58.640 --> 0:04:02.040 have been pretty good it. They're English, though would have 0:04:02.200 --> 0:04:05.800 included a dash or two of French, Italian, Spanish and 0:04:06.200 --> 0:04:08.640 Dutch slang picked up around the trade roots and from 0:04:08.680 --> 0:04:12.360 fellow pirates, and they're most certainly would have been way 0:04:12.360 --> 0:04:15.800 more profanity in the mix. I'm presuming they're not comparing 0:04:15.800 --> 0:04:19.200 it to the way I normally. I believe this was 0:04:19.279 --> 0:04:22.800 during the golden age of piracy. Ors has come along 0:04:23.000 --> 0:04:28.520 centuries after being much stronger game than their's. And really, 0:04:28.839 --> 0:04:31.200 here's what we're really talking about when we say that 0:04:31.240 --> 0:04:33.800 we're just pretending to talk like a pirate on Talk 0:04:33.880 --> 0:04:36.440 Like a Pirate Day, we already mentioned that things like 0:04:36.560 --> 0:04:40.400 are and maybe as well as that stereotypical pirate accent, 0:04:40.520 --> 0:04:43.440 those were not introduced or part of the legacy of 0:04:43.480 --> 0:04:47.080 people like an Bonnie or Blackbeard or any pirate. Actually, 0:04:47.400 --> 0:04:50.520 you can thank Hollywood for that. You can also give 0:04:50.520 --> 0:04:54.159 a little credit to Robert Louis Stevenson. Specifically, it is 0:04:54.200 --> 0:04:58.120 that well loved nineteen fifty Disney film adaptation of Stevenson's 0:04:58.160 --> 0:05:02.159 book Treasure Island that you can blame. That film became 0:05:02.200 --> 0:05:05.720 the go to source for pirates speak for both Hollywood 0:05:05.800 --> 0:05:08.159 and the rest of us. And now for the last 0:05:08.240 --> 0:05:11.200 nineteen years we've been celebrating that manner of speaking on 0:05:11.240 --> 0:05:14.440 Talk Like a Pirate Day. It's not just the language though, 0:05:14.880 --> 0:05:18.279 just like our isn't really part of a pirate's vocabulary. 0:05:18.440 --> 0:05:22.080 Some of fam as pirates themselves also are just fake, 0:05:22.480 --> 0:05:26.200 although many of us may think they're actually real. By 0:05:26.360 --> 0:05:30.400 real pirates, we mean those whose scholars have confirmed as 0:05:30.440 --> 0:05:34.400 real pirates, you know, actual humans who lived and engaged 0:05:34.440 --> 0:05:37.800 in some sort of life that we would categorize as piracy. 0:05:37.960 --> 0:05:40.799 Some of those real pirates have stories in their lore 0:05:41.000 --> 0:05:43.799 that may or may not be true or they're exaggerated, 0:05:43.880 --> 0:05:47.080 and that can also bring fictional elements to the legend 0:05:47.240 --> 0:05:49.320 of that real pirate. You see how this all gets 0:05:49.360 --> 0:05:52.839 real confusing in a hurry. The pirate is real, for example, 0:05:52.880 --> 0:05:54.880 but did they really do all those things that are 0:05:54.880 --> 0:05:59.640 credited to them? Maybe, but maybe not. And sometimes real 0:05:59.680 --> 0:06:03.880 life characteristics and even some real history becomes part of 0:06:03.920 --> 0:06:07.160 the stories that some of our most well known fictional pirates, 0:06:07.200 --> 0:06:10.719 such as Captain Jack Sparrow or the dread Pirate Roberts 0:06:10.880 --> 0:06:14.960 or Long John Silver may characterize. So we're gonna go 0:06:15.000 --> 0:06:17.080 on to them in a minute, but first we're going 0:06:17.120 --> 0:06:19.039 to take a break for a word from our sponsor, 0:06:19.080 --> 0:06:22.599 and when we're back, we're going to talk about those characters, 0:06:22.720 --> 0:06:26.120 Captain Jack Sparrow, the dread Pirate Roberts, and Long Dan Silver. 0:06:31.000 --> 0:06:34.640 Welcome back to Criminalia. We are in the middle of 0:06:34.640 --> 0:06:38.000 talking about how fictional pirates may not always be fiction 0:06:38.480 --> 0:06:42.679 and how some allegedly real pirates are When it comes 0:06:42.680 --> 0:06:48.160 to fictional pirates, some weren't actually one works at fiction, 0:06:48.720 --> 0:06:52.360 some were inspired by real pirates. So let's talk about 0:06:52.360 --> 0:06:54.960 a few. Of course, we have to talk about Captain 0:06:55.040 --> 0:06:57.920 Jack Sparrow, everyone knows from the Pirates of the Caribbean films. 0:06:58.480 --> 0:07:00.840 We also know who he is the because that character 0:07:00.960 --> 0:07:03.280 is at the center of an entire series of films 0:07:03.279 --> 0:07:08.960 which have been hugely successful. So he's fictional, well, yes 0:07:09.000 --> 0:07:12.400 and no. Jack is an example of a fictional character 0:07:12.600 --> 0:07:15.640 who is not a complete work of fiction. He was 0:07:15.720 --> 0:07:19.160 inspired by a man named John Ward, a pirate known 0:07:19.200 --> 0:07:23.000 for pillaging and plundering in the Mediterranean, as well as 0:07:23.040 --> 0:07:28.120 for his complete lack of morals. John Ward's nickname was Sparrow, 0:07:28.280 --> 0:07:31.560 and it said that he had a swashbuckling, flamboyant style 0:07:31.880 --> 0:07:35.520 that all probably sounds familiar. We are unsure about whether 0:07:35.640 --> 0:07:38.880 or not he used eyeliner like Jack Sparrow, though, although 0:07:38.920 --> 0:07:41.280 certainly we've heard that it would help with the sunlight 0:07:41.360 --> 0:07:44.120 in your eyes. We should also mention that a minority 0:07:44.120 --> 0:07:47.840 of people consider the inspiration for Jack Sparrow to have 0:07:47.880 --> 0:07:51.560 been Captain Calico Jack. It does seem more likely to 0:07:51.680 --> 0:07:54.200 have been John Ward. It's not out of the realm 0:07:54.200 --> 0:07:56.560 of possibility that there was a little combination of the 0:07:56.600 --> 0:08:00.320 two in the mix. While we're talking about pirates and Jargean, 0:08:00.440 --> 0:08:04.200 we have to mention the character of Hector Barbosa, who 0:08:04.240 --> 0:08:07.600 first appears in all of these movies, like every single one, 0:08:07.680 --> 0:08:10.920 he's in them. He said to have been a character 0:08:11.080 --> 0:08:15.320 inspired by the Barbarossa brothers. His character became so popular 0:08:15.360 --> 0:08:19.040 it's been included in these movies the Ride at Disneyland 0:08:19.240 --> 0:08:22.360 and at Disney World, along with Jack Sparrow. And then 0:08:22.360 --> 0:08:25.240 we're going to move on to talking about another film favorite, 0:08:25.360 --> 0:08:29.520 and that is the dread Pirate Roberts. Good night, Wesley, 0:08:29.640 --> 0:08:33.120 good work, sleepwell, I'll most likely kill you in the morning. 0:08:33.920 --> 0:08:36.920 The dread Pirate Roberts, known for that quote, is a 0:08:37.000 --> 0:08:40.200 well known pirate from both the novel The Princess Bride 0:08:40.240 --> 0:08:43.199 written by William Goldman and its film adaptation, which was 0:08:43.240 --> 0:08:47.559 directed by Rob Reiner. We know he never leaves captives alive, 0:08:47.800 --> 0:08:50.720 and we know that he isn't just one man. There's 0:08:50.760 --> 0:08:53.320 a succession of individuals who go on to take the 0:08:53.400 --> 0:08:56.959 name and reputation when the previous dread Pirate Roberts is 0:08:57.000 --> 0:09:00.319 ready to retire from piracy, although they do not all 0:09:00.360 --> 0:09:04.520 necessarily retired to Pedagonia. And the dread Pirate Roberts is 0:09:04.760 --> 0:09:08.160 and is not a work of fiction. His identity was 0:09:08.200 --> 0:09:12.400 created from a handful of other fictional characters, but the 0:09:12.480 --> 0:09:17.280 inspiration for the character came from a famous and real pirate, 0:09:17.640 --> 0:09:21.160 Black Bart. Black Bart, a nickname which is believed to 0:09:21.400 --> 0:09:25.160 actually never have been used during his lifetime, was a 0:09:25.200 --> 0:09:29.560 Welsh pirate named Bartholomew Roberts. The real Roberts attacked and 0:09:29.640 --> 0:09:32.319 looted vessels around the America's in West Africa and is 0:09:32.360 --> 0:09:35.720 considered to be the most successful pirate of the Golden 0:09:35.760 --> 0:09:39.440 Age of piracy. The Caribbean and the North American coasts 0:09:39.440 --> 0:09:42.200 were very active during this time, and it's a time 0:09:42.240 --> 0:09:45.200 which is associated with the colonization of the America's as 0:09:45.240 --> 0:09:48.000 well as the Atlantic slave trade, and that's where the 0:09:48.040 --> 0:09:52.000 real Roberts rated ships. He was also known as a 0:09:52.040 --> 0:09:54.400 side note for adopting an early version of the skull 0:09:54.440 --> 0:09:57.920 and crossbones flag. And then there is the famous and 0:09:58.640 --> 0:10:02.520 unforgettable launch on Silver. It's also the name of an 0:10:02.520 --> 0:10:06.760 American chain of fast food restaurants. Yes, if you haven't 0:10:06.760 --> 0:10:10.760 thought about that. However, Long John Silver is actually, at 0:10:10.840 --> 0:10:13.960 least in original form, a character from the book Treasure Island, 0:10:14.600 --> 0:10:17.719 and he is really the ultimate stereotype of a pirate, right. 0:10:17.720 --> 0:10:20.440 He's got the wooden peg leg. He's got a chatty 0:10:20.480 --> 0:10:24.000 parrot on his shoulder. The book's author, Robert Louis Stevenson, 0:10:24.080 --> 0:10:26.920 has been quoted saying that Long John Silver had been 0:10:26.960 --> 0:10:29.959 based on one of his best friends, the poet William 0:10:30.080 --> 0:10:33.840 Ernest Henley, who he found to be quote astoundingly clever. 0:10:34.559 --> 0:10:38.200 Stevenson went on to describe the character Silver as quote 0:10:38.320 --> 0:10:41.200 tall and strong. He was missing a leg all the 0:10:41.240 --> 0:10:43.880 way up to his hip. And it's Henley who inspired 0:10:43.920 --> 0:10:47.080 that idea of the amputated leg. He himself had lost 0:10:47.120 --> 0:10:50.360 a leg from foot to hip to an extensive tuberculosis infection. 0:10:51.080 --> 0:10:53.800 It's Silver's character that gave us a lot of those 0:10:53.840 --> 0:10:57.200 pirate stereotypes, like Holly was talking about. If you would 0:10:57.320 --> 0:11:00.520 list them, most people would associate them with pirates. And 0:11:00.559 --> 0:11:04.320 this includes that shoulder parrot, the treasure map, the treasure map, 0:11:04.480 --> 0:11:07.520 the peg leg, the chest of buried treasure. These are 0:11:07.600 --> 0:11:10.560 things that no one can prove we're real, or if 0:11:10.600 --> 0:11:14.000 they were real, were related to real pirates. I'm sad 0:11:14.040 --> 0:11:17.480 about the treasure map. Although Stevenson himself has talked about 0:11:17.520 --> 0:11:20.560 William Ernest Henley as his inspiration for Long John Silver, 0:11:21.200 --> 0:11:23.720 a few actually consider the character to be based on 0:11:23.800 --> 0:11:26.560 two brothers who were pirates in the West Indies, and 0:11:26.559 --> 0:11:30.559 in that interpretation, the parrot and peg Leg are considered 0:11:30.720 --> 0:11:35.320 entirely fictional. It's no wonder, though, that this version that 0:11:35.440 --> 0:11:39.640 Stevenson and the movie created has cemented an inaccurate image 0:11:39.679 --> 0:11:43.520 of piracy in modern public consciousness. There have been more 0:11:43.520 --> 0:11:47.160 than fifty versions of Treasure Island made for film and television, 0:11:47.320 --> 0:11:50.800 the first appearing in nineteen eighteen, and if you haven't 0:11:50.800 --> 0:11:53.479 seen them up at version, you really should remedy that immediately. 0:11:53.640 --> 0:11:57.280 It came out in around the same time that topic 0:11:57.320 --> 0:12:00.920 of pirate Day was in its very early stage. Yeah. 0:12:00.960 --> 0:12:04.000 I always think of Treasure Island is like the film 0:12:04.120 --> 0:12:07.000 or story that tracks right along with the history of 0:12:07.040 --> 0:12:10.360 film because it started right there at the beginning. With 0:12:10.440 --> 0:12:12.080 that in mind, we're going to take a break for 0:12:12.120 --> 0:12:14.400 a word from our sponsor, and when we come back, 0:12:14.480 --> 0:12:18.640 we're going to talk about real pirates who turned out 0:12:18.679 --> 0:12:27.720 to be fictional. Welcome back to Criminalia. Finally, we're talking 0:12:27.760 --> 0:12:31.440 about pirates who were real until we learned that they 0:12:31.480 --> 0:12:35.000 weren't real. So we know that some of our most 0:12:35.120 --> 0:12:38.439 well loved and well known pirates, like Jack Sparrow and 0:12:38.480 --> 0:12:41.800 the dread pirate Roberts and long John Silver often are 0:12:41.920 --> 0:12:45.520 based at least a little bit in reality. But there 0:12:45.559 --> 0:12:49.000 are also pirates that we all thought were real, at 0:12:49.040 --> 0:12:51.800 least many people that were real, and then those were 0:12:51.800 --> 0:12:56.040 proven to in fact be fake, for instance Charlotte DeBerry, 0:12:56.200 --> 0:12:59.280 Jaccotte de la Haye, and Maria Lindsay, who all fit 0:12:59.360 --> 0:13:02.800 into this cat gregory. So let's get to talking about 0:13:02.840 --> 0:13:06.160 when real pirates turn out to be fictional and where 0:13:06.160 --> 0:13:10.040 they're very real seeming stories come from. If you believe 0:13:10.120 --> 0:13:13.920 the pirate lore. Charlotte was a female pirate who was 0:13:14.040 --> 0:13:18.040 supposedly born in sixteen thirty six, which was her right 0:13:18.360 --> 0:13:20.480 in the Golden Age of piracy, as she was old 0:13:20.559 --> 0:13:24.720 enough to practice that career, But modern scholars haven't confirmed 0:13:24.760 --> 0:13:27.719 any stories about her existence. Not one single story has 0:13:27.760 --> 0:13:31.040 been considered to be valid. Most of the tales about 0:13:31.040 --> 0:13:34.920 her are second hand news right no primary source accounts, 0:13:34.960 --> 0:13:38.280 and many historians don't believe that those second hand accounts 0:13:38.320 --> 0:13:43.200 are accurate or even true. Her history is allegedly that 0:13:43.280 --> 0:13:45.280 she went to see after she fell in love with 0:13:45.280 --> 0:13:49.240 a sailor disguised in men's clothing. She eventually climbed the 0:13:49.320 --> 0:13:51.959 ranks within the crew to become captain of the ship. 0:13:52.760 --> 0:13:55.920 You're wondering about the details of that story. Those details 0:13:56.000 --> 0:13:59.600 changed depending on who tells it. Some versions of her 0:13:59.679 --> 0:14:02.280 legend suggests that her crew at one point had to 0:14:02.280 --> 0:14:06.680 resort to cannibalism. Other versions suggests that when she was 0:14:06.760 --> 0:14:10.760 wounded during a fight and fell overboard, her crew blew 0:14:10.840 --> 0:14:13.640 up their own ship rather than be captured by another 0:14:13.760 --> 0:14:17.880 pirate crew. It was believed, we've talked about this before, 0:14:18.000 --> 0:14:20.920 that a woman on board a pirate vessel was inherently 0:14:21.000 --> 0:14:24.560 bad luck. And if that's a life aboard Charlotte's ship 0:14:24.600 --> 0:14:27.440 was like, she sure seems like she upholds that superstition, 0:14:27.960 --> 0:14:30.120 with all of the bad things that are supposed to 0:14:30.160 --> 0:14:32.640 have happened when she was at sea. That there are 0:14:32.680 --> 0:14:35.880 no known records of her until the first mentions of 0:14:35.920 --> 0:14:39.920 her in popular culture, which surfaced in eighteen thirty six, 0:14:40.320 --> 0:14:44.680 and that's two hundred years after her supposed birth. The 0:14:44.760 --> 0:14:47.240 earliest known reference to Charlotte, though it can be found 0:14:47.280 --> 0:14:50.800 in Edward Lloyd's Penny Dreadful called History of the Pirates. 0:14:51.440 --> 0:14:55.240 There's no evidence from her birth up until today that 0:14:55.320 --> 0:14:58.160 she ever existed as a real pirate though, or even 0:14:58.240 --> 0:15:01.600 just a real person. Her story sticks with us, probably 0:15:01.640 --> 0:15:04.880 because it's been passed along at least elements of it 0:15:04.920 --> 0:15:07.600 and other literature written at the same time as Lloyd 0:15:07.720 --> 0:15:10.560 was writing about pirates. Ultimately, it really does seem like 0:15:10.600 --> 0:15:12.960 he just made her up. You can also get into 0:15:13.000 --> 0:15:15.440 the weird headspace of that. Shure sounds a lot like 0:15:15.480 --> 0:15:18.840 the Elizabeth Swan story from Prior to the Caribbean, which 0:15:18.880 --> 0:15:21.800 makes a fictional pirate based on a pirate we thought 0:15:21.840 --> 0:15:25.240 was real fictional. I thund and around. We don't want 0:15:25.240 --> 0:15:27.800 to we don't want to break your brain. We are 0:15:28.160 --> 0:15:30.640 next going to move on to Jacott de la Haye, who, 0:15:30.960 --> 0:15:33.800 like Charlotte, is now considered to be a fictional pirate. 0:15:34.520 --> 0:15:37.640 Allegedly born the daughter of a Frenchman and a Haitian 0:15:37.680 --> 0:15:40.560 woman in the seventeenth century, it is said that her 0:15:40.560 --> 0:15:44.480 mother died in childbirth and her father was murdered. Some 0:15:44.640 --> 0:15:46.960 stories even at in the detail that she had a 0:15:47.000 --> 0:15:51.120 brother with some sort of intellectual disability so orphaned. This 0:15:51.280 --> 0:15:53.960 is when she turned to piracy, and the stories that 0:15:54.000 --> 0:15:57.120 mentioned her brother often suggests that she turned to this 0:15:57.200 --> 0:15:59.640 life at sea to make money to pay for his 0:15:59.760 --> 0:16:03.000 cave her. One of the most popular parts of her 0:16:03.080 --> 0:16:05.880 legend is that she faked her own death to escape 0:16:05.880 --> 0:16:10.800 those pesky government ships trying to capture and hang pirates. Allegedly, 0:16:10.880 --> 0:16:13.720 that's when she began using a male alias, and she 0:16:13.960 --> 0:16:16.520 may have lived disguised as a man for several years 0:16:16.520 --> 0:16:20.360 as well. Once she wasn't so high on the wanted list, 0:16:20.520 --> 0:16:23.480 she resurfaced and she became known as Back from the 0:16:23.520 --> 0:16:27.120 Dead Red and yes, that is because she had red hair. 0:16:27.840 --> 0:16:30.640 It's also said Back from the Dead Red lad a 0:16:30.760 --> 0:16:33.200 gang of hundreds of pirates and the crew took over 0:16:33.240 --> 0:16:36.920 a small Caribbean island, and that she died during a 0:16:36.920 --> 0:16:39.960 shootout several years later while she was defending that island, 0:16:40.360 --> 0:16:44.520 but again made up m h. And then we get 0:16:44.560 --> 0:16:47.960 to Maria lindsay. I do think it's interesting that all 0:16:47.960 --> 0:16:50.040 of our pirates we thought were real but turned out 0:16:50.040 --> 0:16:52.040 to be made up, were ladies, and there were more 0:16:52.120 --> 0:16:55.160 ladies that we could have talked about as well. There's 0:16:55.880 --> 0:16:58.920 clearly I have a theory to talk about at the end. 0:16:59.040 --> 0:17:02.640 So yeah, this story has the added bonus of managing 0:17:02.640 --> 0:17:06.440 to combine this exciting life of piracy with a romantic 0:17:06.520 --> 0:17:10.280 story of a passionate marriage that probably helps account for 0:17:10.320 --> 0:17:14.280 its popularity. So according to the legend, Maria was born 0:17:14.320 --> 0:17:17.639 in eighteenth century in Plymouth, England. She was the wife 0:17:17.640 --> 0:17:21.080 of a pirate captain named Eric Cobbam and Maria had 0:17:21.119 --> 0:17:24.159 been so captivated by Eric and his piracy when she 0:17:24.240 --> 0:17:27.359 met him that the pair married the day after they met, 0:17:27.480 --> 0:17:30.200 and then she joined his pirate crew, and then together 0:17:30.680 --> 0:17:35.240 they sailed to the America's what a honeymoon. Sometimes, according 0:17:35.320 --> 0:17:38.080 to some stories about her, when she and Eric captured 0:17:38.119 --> 0:17:42.240 another ship, Maria would tie the captain and some of 0:17:42.280 --> 0:17:44.960 the crew of that ship to her ships wind lass 0:17:45.240 --> 0:17:48.920 and then use them for target practice. Eric and Maria's 0:17:48.960 --> 0:17:51.719 crew are said to have followed a policy of leaving 0:17:51.760 --> 0:17:56.159 no survivors. Eventually, Maria and Eric retired to France with 0:17:56.200 --> 0:18:00.000 their looted money. There they settled down and started a family. 0:18:01.400 --> 0:18:04.160 Eric was asked to replace the late local magistrate, which 0:18:04.200 --> 0:18:09.320 made him a former pirate a judicial officer administering the law. 0:18:09.960 --> 0:18:12.920 But Maria couldn't shake her love of piracy, which led 0:18:12.960 --> 0:18:15.960 to her taking her life by drinking poison and throwing 0:18:15.960 --> 0:18:19.960 herself into the sea. But if you read other stories. 0:18:20.040 --> 0:18:22.200 It may have been Eric who poisoned her and through 0:18:22.280 --> 0:18:25.679 into the sea and then wrote a letter confessing to it. 0:18:25.680 --> 0:18:27.880 It really does depend on the version of the story 0:18:27.920 --> 0:18:29.879 that you're here to read, though, exactly who did what. 0:18:30.520 --> 0:18:34.160 So with all of this myth and exaggeration, just as 0:18:34.160 --> 0:18:36.320 the Golden Age was coming to an end, a man 0:18:36.440 --> 0:18:40.399 named Captain Charles Johnson published a very famous collection of 0:18:40.440 --> 0:18:44.760 the biographies of famous pirates. Johnson, which is a pseudonym 0:18:44.800 --> 0:18:47.119 that no one has actually figured out yet who the 0:18:47.160 --> 0:18:50.600 original writer truly was, wrote a general history of the 0:18:50.680 --> 0:18:54.399 robberies and murders of the most notorious pirates. He wrote 0:18:54.400 --> 0:18:58.240 that in sevent and it was full of the piraty 0:18:58.280 --> 0:19:01.680 details we all want. In fact, it secured the legends 0:19:02.119 --> 0:19:05.399 of several real pirates, including black Beard and black Bart. 0:19:06.119 --> 0:19:10.280 Pamphlets and other marketing strategies detailed the crimes and punishments 0:19:10.280 --> 0:19:14.880 that turned that book into a bestseller. Pirate popularity sored. 0:19:15.200 --> 0:19:19.679 Author Daniel Defoe too, wrote and published several pamphlets about 0:19:19.760 --> 0:19:22.560 pirates right around the time he completed his famous story 0:19:22.640 --> 0:19:27.560 of a shipwreck and that's Robinson Crusoe. That's just about 0:19:27.680 --> 0:19:31.040 the same time that Treasure Island came out, so in 0:19:31.119 --> 0:19:34.720 the Crusoe story, he is captured by North African pirates 0:19:34.760 --> 0:19:37.960 and later defends his island from English pirates, and that 0:19:38.119 --> 0:19:41.520 story too became a hit. This is where we're getting 0:19:41.520 --> 0:19:43.280 on why I think so many of these made up 0:19:43.280 --> 0:19:46.080 pirates are ladies. I think clearly some of the audience 0:19:46.119 --> 0:19:49.520 here was really eager to see women in those positions 0:19:49.560 --> 0:19:52.359 of adventure, and that's probably what led to so many 0:19:52.400 --> 0:19:56.240 of them kind of blossoming out of the creative minds 0:19:56.280 --> 0:19:59.000 of so many people, and all in the same period 0:19:59.080 --> 0:20:04.720 as well. So when it comes down to it, what 0:20:04.800 --> 0:20:07.679 do we really know about historical pirates, at least as 0:20:07.720 --> 0:20:10.560 a general group, turns out not a whole lot more 0:20:10.600 --> 0:20:13.040 than the stereotypes it might seem. You've got to kind 0:20:13.040 --> 0:20:16.960 of go case by case. Both pirate novels and Hollywood 0:20:17.000 --> 0:20:20.560 films would have you believe that pirates were swashbucklers, living 0:20:20.600 --> 0:20:24.359 this life of pleasure and freedom on the seas, collecting 0:20:24.400 --> 0:20:27.600 gold and only fighting when they had to or even 0:20:27.640 --> 0:20:31.520 if they just felt like it. But remember, as you 0:20:31.560 --> 0:20:34.960 celebrate talk like a Pirate Day, that real pirates could 0:20:35.000 --> 0:20:38.800 be violent and murderous. They definitely did not sing it's 0:20:38.800 --> 0:20:41.760 a pirate's life for me. So enjoy the holiday, but 0:20:41.880 --> 0:20:44.680 keep it light. Maybe don't engage in some of those activities. 0:20:44.760 --> 0:20:47.280 Maybe just stick to the Muppet version of piracy, which 0:20:47.280 --> 0:20:53.679 is pretty fun in my opinion. Maria, would you like 0:20:53.720 --> 0:20:56.119 to step into the groggery with me? I am coming 0:20:56.119 --> 0:20:58.080 into the girl. I'm pulling up my stool. I hear 0:20:58.160 --> 0:21:00.760 that there's a drink available today that I don't know 0:21:00.800 --> 0:21:04.399 anything about. Well, there are two, because I'm continuing my 0:21:04.520 --> 0:21:06.800 efforts to make sure we have both an alcoholic and 0:21:06.840 --> 0:21:10.320 nonalcoholic version. It okay, So a drink that comes up 0:21:10.359 --> 0:21:13.359 a lot if you do even cursory research on pirates 0:21:14.080 --> 0:21:19.040 is bumbo, absolutely right, and it's often associated with pirates 0:21:19.119 --> 0:21:23.159 largely because of that rum connection. Pirates may have drunk it. 0:21:23.160 --> 0:21:26.560 It actually has in terms of historical stories way more 0:21:27.160 --> 0:21:30.640 juicy stuff related to early elections in the United States 0:21:31.080 --> 0:21:34.520 and people applying murders with bumbo to get them a 0:21:34.520 --> 0:21:37.520 little bit wasted so they would vote with them. But 0:21:38.200 --> 0:21:41.800 there there is a standard version of bumbo, which is 0:21:41.840 --> 0:21:43.879 not what we're doing. But I want to give it 0:21:43.920 --> 0:21:46.960 to you so you understand where we're starting. Bumbo has 0:21:47.040 --> 0:21:50.320 like some spices like nutmeg, right or am I mistaken? Okay? 0:21:50.600 --> 0:21:52.560 That's why that drink stands out to me, because you 0:21:52.560 --> 0:21:54.520 know I can't pass that up some please, I'm sorry, 0:21:54.520 --> 0:21:58.440 go ahead, we're gonna talk about it's okay. So if 0:21:58.480 --> 0:22:00.760 you look it up online, like this standard that you'll 0:22:00.760 --> 0:22:04.399 see a lot of the time is two ounces of rum, 0:22:04.600 --> 0:22:09.320 one ounce of water, a spoonful or two cubes of sugar, 0:22:09.760 --> 0:22:14.920 slightly different variations of measures of nutmeg and cinnamon. So 0:22:15.040 --> 0:22:19.200 often us many versions of this are served up so 0:22:19.280 --> 0:22:24.000 no ice, or it's warm so that that sugar dissolves 0:22:24.160 --> 0:22:29.399 and then it's served still kind of warm. No, thanks, doesn't. 0:22:29.520 --> 0:22:32.160 It doesn't appeal to me in a warm state at all. 0:22:32.200 --> 0:22:33.879 I was trying to imagine if it would be a 0:22:33.920 --> 0:22:37.680 good winter time. Does it turn into a good winter time? See? 0:22:37.720 --> 0:22:41.639 To me, like a yummy winter time punch has to 0:22:41.720 --> 0:22:45.720 involve a fruit, not just watered down rum. That's why 0:22:45.760 --> 0:22:47.800 it just is not very appealing to me. I'm like, 0:22:47.920 --> 0:22:51.240 it's hot rum with nutmeg on top, which some people 0:22:51.320 --> 0:22:53.840 might love, and no, no shade do you if that's 0:22:53.840 --> 0:22:56.280 your jam? But I thought it would be more fun 0:22:56.320 --> 0:22:58.520 to do a version that you could just throw together 0:22:58.560 --> 0:23:03.000 in your kitchen and it's coal, but also still because 0:23:03.040 --> 0:23:05.440 it does I keep the nutmeg and cinnamon. Mine is 0:23:05.480 --> 0:23:07.639 not very different, but I keep those because they're a 0:23:07.680 --> 0:23:10.040 good fault transition. Then I have some thoughts on them 0:23:10.040 --> 0:23:13.560