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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff You Missed in History Class from how

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Speaker 1: Stuff Works dot Com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast.

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Speaker 1: I'm Holly Fry and I'm Tracy V. Wilson. Tracy, we

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Speaker 1: get so many requests for Hawaiian history, which is great,

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Speaker 1: and um, let me set this up and say this

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Speaker 1: isn't like so much a piece of Hawaiian cultural history,

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Speaker 1: although it is important in some ways in the history

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Speaker 1: of Hawaii how that culture changed. But many of them

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Speaker 1: have also been for the doll plantation specifically, So we've

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Speaker 1: had a lot of requests around that, which I was

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Speaker 1: fortunate enough to visit in December. We've also had request

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Speaker 1: for the pineapple industry in general, although that's a really

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Speaker 1: long time scale. So today we're sort of honoring these requests.

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Speaker 1: We aren't talking about the doll plantation, but what actually

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Speaker 1: came before it. So we're going to talk about the

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Speaker 1: life and business of John Kidwell, whose work still echoes

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Speaker 1: today in pineapple agriculture. And also just for context, we

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Speaker 1: will talk a little bit about the politics of how

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Speaker 1: the Hawaiian monarchy was overthrown, although we're not going to

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Speaker 1: get super deep into the into all of that, Like

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Speaker 1: we will talk about it as it's pertinent to the story,

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Speaker 1: but we're primarily talking about kid Will on this one. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: there's also episodes in the archive that go through thing.

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Speaker 1: You can find them and eventually this one at mr

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Speaker 1: history dot com slash tags slash Hawaii les conveniently rounds

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Speaker 1: them all up together. So John Kidwell. John Kidwell was

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Speaker 1: born on January seven, eight nine, in North Devonshire. He

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Speaker 1: never shared much information about his early years, so the

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Speaker 1: details there are really sparse. Later in his life he

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Speaker 1: would describe his childhood as not unhappy, but definitely difficult.

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Speaker 1: He didn't know about his father and his mother, and

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Speaker 1: Kidwell was believed to have been employed as a domestic

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Speaker 1: servant and Kidwell stayed in Devonshire until he was fifteen,

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Speaker 1: and at that time he moved to London for a

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Speaker 1: horticultural apprenticeship under a nurseryman who was also a relative,

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Speaker 1: and he worked with this distant cousin in London for

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Speaker 1: approximately eight years from eighteen sixty four to eighteen seventy two.

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Speaker 1: At that point, Kidwell left Great Britain and headed west

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Speaker 1: to the United States, working in a number of jobs

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Speaker 1: all centered around plants and agriculture. According to his own claim,

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Speaker 1: he was a nurseryman in San Francisco in eighteen seventy four.

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Speaker 1: He was listed as a gardener in the city's directory

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Speaker 1: from eighteen seventy nine to eighteen eighty two, working for

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Speaker 1: a man named John H. Sievers, and that was an

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Speaker 1: eighteen eighty and eighteen eighty one yeah, that overlapped with

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Speaker 1: his his listing as a general gardener. But after less

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Speaker 1: than a decade in California, Kidwell decided that he wanted

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Speaker 1: once again to travel west, and this time the destination

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Speaker 1: was the Hawaiian Islands. He had while working in San

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Speaker 1: Francisco had the opportunity to meet a number of clients

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Speaker 1: who had come from Hawaii, and through them, he was

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Speaker 1: encouraged to go there and set up a nursery in

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Speaker 1: the islands. Several of the contacts that he made while

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Speaker 1: he was in San Francisco provided him with letters of

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Speaker 1: introduction as well as encouragement, so he had the way

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Speaker 1: paved to make some really valuable business connections on the

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Speaker 1: island of Oahu. Kid Well set up his Oahu nursery

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Speaker 1: in the midst of a significant agricultural shift that was

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Speaker 1: taking place throughout the Hawaiian Islands, subsistence farming was receding

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Speaker 1: from the landscape and was rapidly being replaced with commercial agriculture.

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Speaker 1: The primary crop was sugarcane, and the makeup of the

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Speaker 1: people who lived and worked on the islands was shifting

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Speaker 1: as well. Immigrants from the American continents, Europe and Asia

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Speaker 1: made up a steadily growing portion of the population, and

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Speaker 1: most of the commercial farming work was being done by

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Speaker 1: that immigrant population. We have mentioned several times on the

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Speaker 1: podcast the fact that European and American business interests really

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Speaker 1: imposed their will on the Hawaiian Islands in the nineteenth century.

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Speaker 1: The monarchy of Hawaii slowly lost its power and the

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Speaker 1: US began to be the dominant influence there by the

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Speaker 1: mid eighteen seventies. By the eighteen eighties, the sugar plantation

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Speaker 1: owners had so much power over the Hawaiian economy that

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Speaker 1: they were able to control the Hawaiian government, which needed

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Speaker 1: the revenue that the plantations were generating. That transition is

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Speaker 1: discussed in an episode that previous hosts Katie and Sarah

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Speaker 1: did back in the eighties. Commerce and power grab that

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Speaker 1: ultimately led to Hawaii losing its independence was centered entirely

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Speaker 1: around sugarcane. And we'll come back to this in a bit. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: while sugarcane was the biggest export at the time, there

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Speaker 1: was a growing demand for another Hawaiian crop, and that

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Speaker 1: was pineapples. Particularly in San Francisco. Pineapples became a coveted

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Speaker 1: import and there were efforts to pick green pineapples and

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Speaker 1: ship them across the Pacific to californ Coornia. Those exported

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Speaker 1: pineapples weren't from a cultivated farm, however, but they were

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Speaker 1: wild uh, and they weren't very good. And as a

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Speaker 1: quick aside, there is a lot of debate over when

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Speaker 1: pineapples actually made their way to Hawaii in the first place.

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Speaker 1: You will see dates everywhere from the fifteen hundreds to

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Speaker 1: the seventeen hundreds, literally everywhere in between. Um so, this

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Speaker 1: was not a cultivated crop. They were just kind of

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Speaker 1: an accidental growing thing at this point. But in addition

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Speaker 1: to not being terribly good pineapples, they also had to

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Speaker 1: be shipped from the Hawaiian island that is what we

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Speaker 1: normally today would call the Big Island to make it

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Speaker 1: easier to identify, to the port at Honolulu on the

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Speaker 1: island of Oahu, and then they would wait their import

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Speaker 1: until the next leg of their journey to California. But

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Speaker 1: John Kidwell thought that if he could cultivate pineapples and

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Speaker 1: do it on Oahu where Honolulu is, both the fruit

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Speaker 1: and the shipping method could be improved. So he partnered

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Speaker 1: with a man named Charles Henson, who had already been

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Speaker 1: cutting and shipping wild pineapples. They took shoots from the

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Speaker 1: pineapples on the Big Island to start their own crop,

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Speaker 1: and that is where Kidwell's horticultural work really began. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I read one account that said that Henson had started

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Speaker 1: sort of this casual exporting of pineapples by throwing occasional

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Speaker 1: like a few pineapples in with his shipments of other goods,

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Speaker 1: and that that's really how people started to uh pick

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Speaker 1: up the demand for more Hawaiian pineapples. And so at

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Speaker 1: this point Kidwell planted between four and five acres of

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Speaker 1: pineapple on Oahu in the Minoa Valley. So that's just

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Speaker 1: so south of the North Shore area and Waikiki, which

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Speaker 1: in the eighties was only just starting to see tourist

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Speaker 1: development after it had been used primarily as a getaway

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Speaker 1: spot for Hawaii's royal families. So if any of you

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Speaker 1: listening have been to modern day Waikiki, you know how

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Speaker 1: completely different it must have been when it only had

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Speaker 1: a few small hotels, because now it is a very

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Speaker 1: busy and very developed place. Kid Wells early pine apples

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Speaker 1: had benefited from being farmed rather than allowed to grow wild,

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Speaker 1: but they still weren't producing very good fruit, so he

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Speaker 1: decided to diversify the crop. In eighty five, he received

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Speaker 1: an order of a variety of pineapple called smooth Cayenne.

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Speaker 1: He had ordered the plants from an ad in a

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Speaker 1: periodical called The Florida Agriculturalist, but he didn't stop there.

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Speaker 1: The following year, he ordered a thousand pineapple plants from

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Speaker 1: Jamaica to test in Oahu's soil. He either got obsessive

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Speaker 1: or aggressively thorough after that, depending on your point of view.

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Speaker 1: He wanted to ensure that his acreage was producing the

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Speaker 1: best possible pineapple, so he then sent away to London

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Speaker 1: for an immense sample set. He wanted four of every

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Speaker 1: known type of pineapple, which meant that he found himself

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Speaker 1: with thirty one additional species to test. And while he

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Speaker 1: was testing all of these crops for hardiness and fruit quality.

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Speaker 1: He was also testing different methods of cultivating plants, so

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Speaker 1: he had a lab where he was also doing like

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Speaker 1: finer botany type work UH and his work would that

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Speaker 1: he did during this time would inform agricultural science going forward.

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Speaker 1: But after all that testing, the one that kid Well

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Speaker 1: decided was the best was the one he had started with,

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Speaker 1: the smooth cayenne, so he decided to take production of

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Speaker 1: it into a much larger scale and plant a commercial crop.

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Speaker 1: His plantation, which he was running solo because his business partner,

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Speaker 1: Charles Henson, had passed away from tuberculosis in was soon

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Speaker 1: producing and selling pineapples, primarily to local consumers, although he

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Speaker 1: also shipped his surplus to California. Just four years from

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Speaker 1: the time that he had started his experiments, his business

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Speaker 1: was thriving, but he saw an opportunity to expand in

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Speaker 1: a new way. Part of the problem of selling his

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Speaker 1: surplus fruit to North American buyers was shipping it. It

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Speaker 1: was hard to control the quality and freshness, and shipping

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Speaker 1: it any farther than California than the California coast was

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Speaker 1: basically impossible. So he had the idea to start canning

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Speaker 1: it next time, we'll talk about kid Wells canning efforts

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Speaker 1: and some legal issues that he ran into, but first

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Speaker 1: we will take a quick sponsor break. So not surprising

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Speaker 1: considering his care and diligence in testing his plant species,

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Speaker 1: kid Well was also pretty meticulous in working to develop

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Speaker 1: a canning method, and he found another partner for this project,

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Speaker 1: a man named John Emma Luth, who owned a very

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Speaker 1: successful plumbing in household furnishing business in Hawaii. Emma Louth,

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Speaker 1: who was originally from Cincinnati, Ohio, began testing canning processes

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Speaker 1: and their initial testers were families who volunteered for the job.

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Speaker 1: I mean that is, I would volunteer for that. Guve

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Speaker 1: me pineapple, bring it to me. While kid Well tended

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Speaker 1: to the plantation and the canning efforts, Emma Louth traveled

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Speaker 1: to the US to sell the product, but he soon

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Speaker 1: realized there was going to be a pre problem with

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Speaker 1: this business, and that problem stemmed from import tax. Even

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Speaker 1: though he was told over and over that the Hawaiian

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Speaker 1: canned pineapple was better than domestic, no one was willing

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Speaker 1: to pay the thirty five duty on it. Em Luth

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Speaker 1: had invested two thousand dollars in the canning enterprise, and

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Speaker 1: over the course of two years he was only able

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Speaker 1: to make six hundred dollars of it back. And we

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Speaker 1: should also point out here that Kidwell and Emma Luth

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Speaker 1: were not, by a long shot the first to try

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Speaker 1: canning pineapple in Hawaii. It's not like they invented the

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Speaker 1: idea of canning pineapple. The KNA Fruit Preserving Company, founded

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Speaker 1: in eight two, also tried it, but ran into basically

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Speaker 1: the same problems of financial loss that kid Will and

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Speaker 1: his partner did. The Minoa Valley plantation had grown to

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Speaker 1: ten acres and keeping up with shipping fresh pineapple to

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Speaker 1: San Francisco to meet the demand there was becoming increasingly

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Speaker 1: problematic for kid Well, so much so that he started

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Speaker 1: to find himself in legal hot water. In eighty eight,

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Speaker 1: kid Well had signed a contract with a fruit exporter

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Speaker 1: named Peter Camarinos to sell his entire crop to Camrinos

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Speaker 1: uh he would then export to San Francisco, and that

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Speaker 1: transaction went well, so well that the contract was renewed

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Speaker 1: two times. In April of the two made a new

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Speaker 1: deal that Camrinos would buy any pineapple of kid Wells

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Speaker 1: that weighed more than three pounds which is about one

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Speaker 1: point four kgrams for thirty five cents each. The contract

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Speaker 1: was supposed to last for thirty months starting in June nine,

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Speaker 1: but a year into the deal, Camrinos claimed that kid

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Speaker 1: Well had been selling him poison pineapples. This legal battle

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Speaker 1: would drag on for four years. But it was not

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Speaker 1: just about pineapples. So this is all happening, you recall,

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Speaker 1: as the Hawaiian government was losing power to US business interests.

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Speaker 1: Kid Well was a member of the Reform Party made

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Speaker 1: up primarily of white businessmen, while Camerinos was a royalist.

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Speaker 1: And when the anti monarchy Bayonet Constitution was enacted in

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Speaker 1: eighteen eighty seven, it had been signed under darrest by

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Speaker 1: King Kala Kawa, and the militant reformist group that had

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Speaker 1: forced that signature included none other than Kidwell's business partner,

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Speaker 1: John Emmiloose. So all of those politics colored the situation

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Speaker 1: and added attention to just the basic problem of Camarino's

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Speaker 1: feeling like he was not being delivered worthwhile goods. In April,

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Speaker 1: a little less than a year after Camrino's first told

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Speaker 1: kid Well he didn't want to buy any more of

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Speaker 1: his poisoned pineapples. There was a judgment in Cambrino's favor,

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Speaker 1: but Kidwell appealed that judgment repeatedly. At one point in

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Speaker 1: the proceedings, Camrinos even tried to have kid Wells plantation

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Speaker 1: taken from him, but that motion failed and Kidwell eventually

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Speaker 1: exhausted all of his appeals options, and as that legal

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Speaker 1: battle kept grinding on, cam Arinos started his own pineapple

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Speaker 1: plantation on Oahu at Khalihi, which is closer to Honolulu

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Speaker 1: and the shipping port than kid Wells. Cam Arinos also

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Speaker 1: became a partner in a second plantation in as part

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Speaker 1: of a larger enterprise called the Pearl Fruit Company, making

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Speaker 1: Cambrino's arrival to Kidwell in pineapple production on the island.

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Speaker 1: In eight two, Kidwell expanded his own business holdings, though

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Speaker 1: the lawsuit was still plaguing him. He leased a hundred

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Speaker 1: acres of land and then formed the Hawaiian Fruit and

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Speaker 1: Packing Company Limited. Kid Well was president, and he and

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Speaker 1: Emma Luth, who was also the company's secretary, were the

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Speaker 1: principal shareholders. While this might have been a natural progression

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Speaker 1: of Kidwell's business, it was also kind of a pineapple

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Speaker 1: business arms race. To compound the tension. Lauren A. Thurston,

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Speaker 1: who was vice president of this new company, was also

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Speaker 1: a leader of the Reform Party. And if you're wondering

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Speaker 1: what the source of the tainted pineapple issue had been

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Speaker 1: in the first place, well, the cause is known, but

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Speaker 1: the motivations for the action that inadvertently caused it are murkier.

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Speaker 1: So kid Well had been cutting the crowns, those are

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Speaker 1: those spiky leaves at the top of pineapples, off of

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Speaker 1: his fruit, and he claimed that it was to make

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Speaker 1: the fruit grow bigger. So um, I tried to look

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Speaker 1: up exactly whether or not this is a valid way

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Speaker 1: to do it. I couldn't find anything specific. I'm presuming

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Speaker 1: that the logic here is that the plant isn't wasting

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Speaker 1: resources supporting the foliage, and so the fruit gets plumper,

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Speaker 1: because similar things will be done with flowering plants, like

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Speaker 1: with roses, you're supposed to cut the new growth so

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Speaker 1: they'll keep flowering. So horticulture pros out there let us

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Speaker 1: know if that logic is faulty. But I think that's

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Speaker 1: what he was getting at. However, a witness in the case,

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Speaker 1: who also happens to be Cambrino's brother testified that kid

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Speaker 1: Well had killed the top growth on the pineapples so

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Speaker 1: that no one else could use them to start their

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Speaker 1: own plants, and that is something you can do with pineapples,

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Speaker 1: cut the crown off of it to grow a new plant.

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Speaker 1: So it's possible that kid Well was trying keep his

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Speaker 1: his competitors from basically stealing his cultivation work. Since Camarinos

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Speaker 1: did go into pineapple growing as their food feud dragged on,

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Speaker 1: Kidwell may have had some valid suspicions about him on

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Speaker 1: this score. Yeah, and it's unclear why, but in this testimony, Camrinos,

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Speaker 1: his brother, said that Kidwell had told him all of this,

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Speaker 1: which is a little bit weird. I'm not sure why

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Speaker 1: you would uh tell someone that you were doing a

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Speaker 1: thing to to protect your crop, but maybe you would.

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Speaker 1: But the bottom line is that cutting those crowns off

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Speaker 1: left the pineapples open to bacterial group growth and decay,

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Speaker 1: so they were tainted. Camrinos was definitely getting tainted fruit

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Speaker 1: when he first moved to sever this contract. Politically, Hawaii

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Speaker 1: was experiencing ongoing turbulence and that was also causing serious

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Speaker 1: financial problems in Queen Lily Ukolani succeeded her brother Kala

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Speaker 1: kawah when he died, and she quickly aid enemies of

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Speaker 1: the Reform Party members with her nationalist program that was

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Speaker 1: intended to diversify Hawaii's revenue streams. She also wanted, for

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Speaker 1: obvious reasons, to get rid of the monarchy crippling Bayonet Constitution. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: there were, uh you know. She basically wanted not just agriculture,

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Speaker 1: to be running the financial show for Hawaii. And of

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Speaker 1: course all of those white business interests that had gone

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Speaker 1: there and put time and effort into growing their businesses

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Speaker 1: were like, no, no, we love controlling your economy. The

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Speaker 1: McKinley Tariff, which was passed in E nine, had already

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Speaker 1: dealt a pretty serious blow to the Hawaiian economy. Under

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Speaker 1: King Kalakaua, Hawaii and the US had reached an agreement

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Speaker 1: that sugarcane from the islands could be imported to the

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Speaker 1: US duty free, but the McKinley tariff instituted a steep

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Speaker 1: tax on any foreign goods, part of a plan to

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Speaker 1: bolster U s industries by making importing less lucrative, and

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Speaker 1: this sent the sugarcane industry into free fall because it

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Speaker 1: was no longer inmmune to taxes, with an estimated annual

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Speaker 1: lass to the Hawaiian sugar plantations of five million dollars. So,

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Speaker 1: for both reformers and the Queen alike, agricultural diversification became

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Speaker 1: the focus of an attempt to resuscitate the nation's economy.

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Speaker 1: But the means to that end we're not agreed upon.

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Speaker 1: Queen planned to lease out crown lands in smart small

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Speaker 1: parcels to get a variety of different growers and crops

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Speaker 1: up and running. But of course the large plantation interests

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Speaker 1: were not interested in the idea of the small parcels. Oh.

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Speaker 1: They were like, just give us big chunks of your

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Speaker 1: crown lands and we'll will take care of the rest.

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Speaker 1: You want to make gigantic motto culture farms, That's exactly

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Speaker 1: what they wanted. In eight the queen was overthrown, and

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Speaker 1: that coup was led by Kidwell's vice president, Lauren A. Thurston.

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Speaker 1: John Emma Luth was also involved. Uh Sandford be Dole,

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Speaker 1: who was the cousin to James Dole, who would eventually

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Speaker 1: become Hawaii's pineapple king, had been part of the elitist

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Speaker 1: pro Western movement that overthrew the monarchy as well. Um,

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Speaker 1: there there's sometimes a conflation where people want to put

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Speaker 1: Sanford Dole in the Doll pineapple zone. He really didn't

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Speaker 1: seem to have much to do with it, although certainly H.

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Speaker 1: James Dole and the Doll plantation and the Doll pineapple

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Speaker 1: industry did benefit from from this effort in the long run. Uh.

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Speaker 1: And as for Kidwell, he was also a participant in

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Speaker 1: the coup, although not in a leadership position like his

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Speaker 1: business associates. He served in the insurgent militia as a

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Speaker 1: sharpshooter in a support role for the leaders of the coup.

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Speaker 1: Sanford B. Dole was made president of the new Republic

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Speaker 1: of Hawaii after Lauren A. Thurston turned down that job.

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Speaker 1: And we could do an entire separate episode on the

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Speaker 1: new nuances of this governmental takeover, and perhaps we will

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Speaker 1: at some point, because there's more even than has been

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Speaker 1: included in previous episodes that other hosts have done. But

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Speaker 1: for the purposes of this episode's focus, we're going to

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Speaker 1: talk about what happened to the pineapple industry and to

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Speaker 1: kid Well after the coup. But before we do that,

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Speaker 1: let's pause for another word from one of our sponsors.

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Speaker 1: Just prior to that takeover that made Hawaii no longer

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Speaker 1: a monarchy, a legislative assembly that had been tasked by

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Speaker 1: the Queen with helping the farm diversification effort had passed

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Speaker 1: an act that made all tools, machinery, appliances, buildings, and

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Speaker 1: land used in the pineapple industry exempt from tax for

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Speaker 1: ten years. So, of course the businessmen who overthrew Lily

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Speaker 1: Okolani were totally on board with keeping this particular piece

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Speaker 1: of legislation back on the pineapple plantation. Kidwell and Emma

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Speaker 1: Louth were still working on their canning needs. They hired

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Speaker 1: a canner from Baltimore to lead the way. He turned

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Speaker 1: out to be a failure, so kid Well decided he

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Speaker 1: would have to learn about canning himself, putting that meticulous

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Speaker 1: nature back to work, and kid Well developed a very

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Speaker 1: aggressive and thorough inspection process, perhaps because he had been

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Speaker 1: spooked by that whole tainted fruit lawsuit, and before long

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Speaker 1: he had the cannary at Hawaiian Fruit and Packing Company

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Speaker 1: producing ten thousand cans of pineapple each day from eight

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Speaker 1: Pineapple exports out of Hawaii increased nearly sixfold. But even

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Speaker 1: though Hawaii wasn't taxing the means to grow and canned pineapple,

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Speaker 1: the US tariff was still making it really hard to

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Speaker 1: turn an actual profit. Fresh pineapples could be shipped to

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Speaker 1: the US duty free until they're The limitations that led

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Speaker 1: kid Well to start canning the fruit were still there

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Speaker 1: and still made it difficult to turn a large profit

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Speaker 1: that way as well. Buyers were also willing to really

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Speaker 1: haggle over the prices that they paid for canned pineapple.

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Speaker 1: There was never any argument about the higher quality of

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Speaker 1: Hawaii's product, and particularly kid Wells, but with growers in

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Speaker 1: Singapore willing to sell canned pineapple at a much lower price,

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Speaker 1: the quality became less of a bargaining chip. Kidwell's last

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Speaker 1: canned pineapple shipments went to a San Francisco importing firm

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Speaker 1: called William Diamond and Company at a rate of two

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Speaker 1: dollars and thirty five cents per dozen cans, which is

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Speaker 1: the prize kid Well really had to fight to get.

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Speaker 1: But once the shipment was in San Francisco, the product

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Speaker 1: just did not move. Finally had to be sold off

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Speaker 1: at drastically reduced prices, and a sign from his very

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Speaker 1: early years, Kidwell had at this point just been struggling

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Speaker 1: in the pineapple business, which had to have been frustrating

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Speaker 1: in light of the fact that his pineapples were consistently

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Speaker 1: regarded as the best available. So at the age of fifty,

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Speaker 1: kid Well sublet his fields to a sugar plantation, sold

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Speaker 1: his cannery to former rival Pearl City Fruit Company that

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Speaker 1: was that venture that Camarinos had been part of, and

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Speaker 1: he retired. And this was in the same year that

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Speaker 1: Hawaii was annexed by the United States. After a retirement,

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Speaker 1: he used his money from selling the cannery and the

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Speaker 1: rent on his land sublet to fund travels around the world.

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Speaker 1: Although we always considered Honolulu home. He remained a bachelor

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Speaker 1: his entire life and seemed to really have a lot

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Speaker 1: of fun. In his retirement, he was attending the celebration

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Speaker 1: of the twenty one anniversary of the Shriner's Aloha Temple

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Speaker 1: when he became ill. He never recovered and and died

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Speaker 1: on July six at Queen's Hospital in Honolulu. And what's

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Speaker 1: really interesting about Kidwell's work in the pineapple industry is

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Speaker 1: that while it wasn't a sustainably profitable business for him,

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Speaker 1: it really paved the way for the success of those

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Speaker 1: who followed. He is considered the founder of the pineapple

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Speaker 1: industry in the Islands, but he got out right before

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Speaker 1: things really had the potential to turn around for him.

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Speaker 1: Once Hawaii became part of the US, that meant that

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Speaker 1: the tariff issue was no longer a concern, and the

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Speaker 1: pineapple industry, as a primary export of the of Hawaii,

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Speaker 1: experienced a huge revival in the early twentieth cent three.

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Speaker 1: Because of the early work John Kidwell had done and

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Speaker 1: cultivating the hardiest and tastiest fruit, the growers who came

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Speaker 1: after him were able to command much higher prices when

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Speaker 1: they came out from under the tax cloud, and the

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Speaker 1: whole industry became decidedly profitable. Hawaiian pineapple, of course, is

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Speaker 1: still renowned for being very vigorous, productive, pest and disease tolerant,

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Speaker 1: and above all super delicious, and that's thanks to Kidwell's

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Speaker 1: painstaking research. Like he became so involved in business that

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Speaker 1: I think we forget that it started with this horticultural

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Speaker 1: effort on his part. But of course Kidwell's legacy is

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Speaker 1: unfortunately also tied to that bloodless coup of white business

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Speaker 1: men that overthrew the Hawaiian monarchy. So It's not like

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Speaker 1: an entirely like happy Skippy story, but it is pretty

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Speaker 1: interesting how long reaching his horticultural work really has been.

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Speaker 1: Like we're still benefiting today if you eat pineapple from

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Speaker 1: Hawaii from the test that he was doing in those

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Speaker 1: fields in the eighteen hundreds. Do you have some listener

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Speaker 1: ail for us? I do. It is a follow up

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Speaker 1: to a thing we have talked about a couple of times,

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Speaker 1: but it's a really cool follow up because it's a

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Speaker 1: great gift from our listener, Jessica. She included a card

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Speaker 1: that said, dear Holly and Tracy, greetings from Pittsburgh, where

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Speaker 1: the Verreaux Brothers diorama, formerly known as Arab Career Attacked

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Speaker 1: by Lions has been getting a lot of attention. It

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Speaker 1: was just reinstalled this January after studying restoration, and now

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Speaker 1: bears the name Lion Attacking a dramedary, a translation of

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Speaker 1: the original French title. As you may have heard, we

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Speaker 1: heard it a lot, uh and X Ray revealed at

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Speaker 1: the figure of the career does in fact contain human

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Speaker 1: remains a skull of unknown origins. Jessica works in the

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Speaker 1: same building at the Carnegie Museum of Art, and now

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Speaker 1: that the piece is reinstalled in a central location, she

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Speaker 1: gets passed by it regularly, she says, every time I

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Speaker 1: think of your episode on the Verreaux Brothers, the museum

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Speaker 1: is perhaps understandably not as forthcoming with the story of

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Speaker 1: the Verreau is more unsavory practices. So I'm grateful for

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Speaker 1: the deeper context you've imparted to what is without question

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Speaker 1: of fascinating and import an artifact. I thought you might

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Speaker 1: enjoy reading about the new presentation of this tableau, so

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Speaker 1: I'm sending along this little book produced for the reinstallation. Unfortunately,

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Speaker 1: no snow globes are available in the museum shop. Thank

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Speaker 1: you for the years of entertainment and education. So one

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00:25:13,680 --> 00:25:17,320
Speaker 1: of my favorite things on this earth our museum catalogs

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00:25:17,320 --> 00:25:21,080
Speaker 1: and museum books, and this one is adorable because it's small,

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00:25:22,400 --> 00:25:26,400
Speaker 1: but it is packed with really beautiful up close pictures

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00:25:26,520 --> 00:25:29,520
Speaker 1: of the reinstallation, like the work that they did. It's

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00:25:29,560 --> 00:25:31,600
Speaker 1: also got some cute little facts, like in terms of

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00:25:31,640 --> 00:25:35,680
Speaker 1: the copy that's in it. Um it's it's basically short

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00:25:35,680 --> 00:25:39,440
Speaker 1: little chunks of information, but the photography is beautiful because

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00:25:39,480 --> 00:25:43,840
Speaker 1: it's really really tight detail um photography of various parts

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00:25:43,880 --> 00:25:47,119
Speaker 1: of the UH the installations. So it's really cool. This

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00:25:47,200 --> 00:25:50,080
Speaker 1: is like, you know, one of those things that I

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00:25:50,119 --> 00:25:52,040
Speaker 1: would have bought if I were there, and now we

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00:25:52,080 --> 00:25:53,919
Speaker 1: have it as a gift, so I don't have to,

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00:25:54,400 --> 00:25:57,040
Speaker 1: and now I want to go see it immediately. Let's

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00:25:57,080 --> 00:26:01,359
Speaker 1: go do that. Um So, thank you so much for

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Speaker 1: sending us that, Jessica. I super duper appreciate it. It's beautiful.

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00:26:05,760 --> 00:26:07,720
Speaker 1: I love a museum book, one of my favorite things

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00:26:07,720 --> 00:26:11,280
Speaker 1: on Earth. I will be poring over this at lunch today. Yea.

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00:26:11,440 --> 00:26:13,399
Speaker 1: If uh. If you would like the right to us,

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00:26:13,440 --> 00:26:16,040
Speaker 1: you can do so by writing us at history podcast

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00:26:16,200 --> 00:26:18,439
Speaker 1: at how stuff works dot com. You can find us

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Speaker 1: across the spectrum of social media as at miss in

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00:26:20,880 --> 00:26:23,760
Speaker 1: history that includes Twitter at misst in history, Facebook dot

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Speaker 1: com slash mist in history, Instagram at mist in History,

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Speaker 1: missed in history dot tumbler dot com, pinterest dot com

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Speaker 1: slash mist in history. I think I've covered the basis.

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Speaker 1: You would like to learn a little bit about what

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Speaker 1: we talked about today, or really about anything you want,

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Speaker 1: go to our parents side house to works. Type something

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Speaker 1: you're interested in in the search bar. You will get

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Speaker 1: all kinds of cool information and articles. We'll keep you, busy, informed,

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Speaker 1: and entertained. You can also visit me and Tracy at

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Speaker 1: missed in history dot com, where we have an archive

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Speaker 1: of every episode of the show ever so you can

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Speaker 1: go back and listen to Sarah and Katie's episode on

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Speaker 1: that Last Queen of Hawaii. You can also listen to

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Speaker 1: anything we've ever done, and you can read show notes

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Speaker 1: of any episode that Tracy and I have worked on together.

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Speaker 1: So please come and visit us at misston history dot

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Speaker 1: com and how stuff Works dot com for more on

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Speaker 1: this and thousands of other topics. Is it how stuff

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