1 00:00:00,280 --> 00:00:02,920 Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve Camray. 2 00:00:03,160 --> 00:00:07,560 Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you should know? 3 00:00:08,160 --> 00:00:16,400 Speaker 1: From house Stuff Works dot Com? Hey, and welcome to 4 00:00:16,440 --> 00:00:19,400 Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. With me is always as 5 00:00:19,440 --> 00:00:24,279 Speaker 1: a very reluctant Charles W. Checkers Bryant not always reluctant. 6 00:00:24,880 --> 00:00:28,680 Speaker 1: Always here with me as always sometimes reluctant as a 7 00:00:28,760 --> 00:00:33,320 Speaker 1: reluctant Chuck Bryant. How's it going, Josh? It's going fine 8 00:00:33,400 --> 00:00:35,960 Speaker 1: for me. I'm great, dude. I'm going to see Bob 9 00:00:36,040 --> 00:00:39,800 Speaker 1: Dylman tonight. Are you really living legend with Leon red 10 00:00:39,840 --> 00:00:43,640 Speaker 1: Bone or Russell? Yeah? Russell right, Yeah, he's opened up 11 00:00:43,640 --> 00:00:45,720 Speaker 1: at me. I don't really care about that. I always 12 00:00:45,720 --> 00:00:52,440 Speaker 1: confusing with Acre Winner. Yeah yeah, just they kind of 13 00:00:52,440 --> 00:00:55,800 Speaker 1: look alike. Yeah. Well that's all I have to say 14 00:00:55,800 --> 00:00:59,800 Speaker 1: about that. Okay, Um, Chuck, you're ready, I'm ready? Okay. 15 00:00:59,800 --> 00:01:05,000 Speaker 1: So um back in November nineteen sixty six, are you 16 00:01:05,040 --> 00:01:07,480 Speaker 1: ready for this? We should probably say first, let me 17 00:01:07,520 --> 00:01:10,520 Speaker 1: tell you, Chuck, we're gonna make it through this. Okay, 18 00:01:10,560 --> 00:01:14,480 Speaker 1: I have PTSD from the Sun podcast. We need to 19 00:01:14,480 --> 00:01:16,920 Speaker 1: do PTSD. I always forget that. Let me just write 20 00:01:16,959 --> 00:01:21,120 Speaker 1: that down alright, PTSD, Yes, and now we're doing the 21 00:01:21,160 --> 00:01:24,840 Speaker 1: Moon podcast, which really, aside from the orbital dynamics, has 22 00:01:24,880 --> 00:01:28,080 Speaker 1: almost no physics to it whatsoever. This is it'll be 23 00:01:28,120 --> 00:01:30,160 Speaker 1: better than the Sun. Okay, So still a little mind 24 00:01:30,240 --> 00:01:33,120 Speaker 1: numbing for me. It'll be okay, we'll make it interesting, alright. 25 00:01:33,200 --> 00:01:37,240 Speaker 1: So back in November nineteen sixty six, uh, there was 26 00:01:37,400 --> 00:01:41,520 Speaker 1: a lunar orbiter called the Orbiter two because it was 27 00:01:41,560 --> 00:01:45,679 Speaker 1: the second one UM and it was flying around the 28 00:01:45,680 --> 00:01:49,480 Speaker 1: Moon taking pictures of it for the impending moon landing 29 00:01:49,640 --> 00:01:52,960 Speaker 1: that the Apollo program was leading up toward, right exciting, 30 00:01:53,240 --> 00:01:57,200 Speaker 1: and it had taken its last bit of film, last picture, 31 00:01:57,680 --> 00:01:59,720 Speaker 1: and it actually took what's called the picture of the 32 00:01:59,760 --> 00:02:01,960 Speaker 1: Sun Tree, or it was at the time. It was 33 00:02:02,040 --> 00:02:04,920 Speaker 1: this kind of side shot of the Moon rather than 34 00:02:05,000 --> 00:02:07,080 Speaker 1: from above. It was almost like from the side, so 35 00:02:07,200 --> 00:02:09,680 Speaker 1: you could see the elevation and everything, and it just 36 00:02:09,760 --> 00:02:13,520 Speaker 1: looked like a new view of the Moon. So anyway, 37 00:02:13,560 --> 00:02:17,400 Speaker 1: the the NASA controllers tell orbiter to go ahead and 38 00:02:17,400 --> 00:02:20,480 Speaker 1: crash land, and it did on the dark side of 39 00:02:20,480 --> 00:02:24,480 Speaker 1: the Moon, never to be heard from again until like 40 00:02:24,520 --> 00:02:28,600 Speaker 1: a week ago when another lunar orbiter which was taking 41 00:02:28,639 --> 00:02:32,440 Speaker 1: pictures for the Moon based program. It's not around anymore. 42 00:02:32,720 --> 00:02:38,359 Speaker 1: We got canceled. Um caught this kind of crater, a 43 00:02:38,400 --> 00:02:43,160 Speaker 1: butterfly shaped crater that's um characteristic of a low trajectory landing. 44 00:02:43,840 --> 00:02:48,519 Speaker 1: Was that it and Um, it's exactly where NASA thought 45 00:02:48,520 --> 00:02:52,440 Speaker 1: it would be. So there you go. One of the 46 00:02:52,480 --> 00:02:56,480 Speaker 1: mysteries of the Moon, salt, the the the Yeah. This 47 00:02:56,480 --> 00:02:59,720 Speaker 1: this thing's been sitting there for you know, forty years, 48 00:03:00,080 --> 00:03:03,760 Speaker 1: chimp or anything like a chip. But I mean you 49 00:03:03,800 --> 00:03:07,400 Speaker 1: just to think of this like lunar orbiter crashed by itself, 50 00:03:07,480 --> 00:03:09,600 Speaker 1: sitting on the dark side of the Moon for forty years. 51 00:03:09,600 --> 00:03:12,200 Speaker 1: That's it's lonely. It's chilling, isn't it. It is. Have 52 00:03:12,280 --> 00:03:15,839 Speaker 1: you seen the movie Moon? Yes, enjoyed that very much. 53 00:03:16,080 --> 00:03:18,600 Speaker 1: You know the guy who directed that, Duncan Jones. That's 54 00:03:18,800 --> 00:03:23,560 Speaker 1: Um Bowie. Yeah, Bowie's son. Yeah, imagine David Bowie being 55 00:03:23,600 --> 00:03:26,400 Speaker 1: your dad. I want to see him perform live more 56 00:03:26,440 --> 00:03:29,160 Speaker 1: than anything else ever, and I don't think he'll ever 57 00:03:29,200 --> 00:03:31,680 Speaker 1: do it. Oh, he doesn't perform any longer. No, he 58 00:03:31,680 --> 00:03:34,840 Speaker 1: hadn't played. I think his last tour was like ten 59 00:03:34,920 --> 00:03:37,080 Speaker 1: years ago or something. And he kind of said this 60 00:03:37,160 --> 00:03:40,440 Speaker 1: is it? Huh, come see me. I'll be on my 61 00:03:40,480 --> 00:03:43,120 Speaker 1: Hawaiian island with him. On is that he lives in 62 00:03:43,160 --> 00:03:47,000 Speaker 1: an island? Well, he has a place in Kauai. I'm 63 00:03:47,040 --> 00:03:50,400 Speaker 1: sure he'd spend some time there. Very nice. Sorry, so 64 00:03:51,480 --> 00:03:56,520 Speaker 1: can you see where? Like really trying to put this on? Yeah, anyway, Yes, 65 00:03:56,840 --> 00:03:59,280 Speaker 1: the Moon is a good movie. And the Moon is 66 00:03:59,280 --> 00:04:03,400 Speaker 1: a good um planetary satellite to Earth. It does all 67 00:04:03,440 --> 00:04:05,920 Speaker 1: sorts of cool beneficial things for Earth. Did you know 68 00:04:06,000 --> 00:04:09,920 Speaker 1: that it has an influence on Earth? So let's talk 69 00:04:09,960 --> 00:04:12,440 Speaker 1: about the moon, Chuck. She would go all the way back, 70 00:04:12,600 --> 00:04:17,600 Speaker 1: Josh too, at the times of Aristotle. Why not Aristotle? Josh, 71 00:04:17,680 --> 00:04:20,119 Speaker 1: as we all know, I believed in the geocentric model 72 00:04:20,120 --> 00:04:23,560 Speaker 1: of the universe. Galileo said, no, no, no, you're wrong. 73 00:04:24,120 --> 00:04:27,720 Speaker 1: It's heliocentric. And apparently he came to that conclusion by 74 00:04:27,760 --> 00:04:31,479 Speaker 1: studying the moon. Yeah, basically, like the Sun is the 75 00:04:31,480 --> 00:04:35,279 Speaker 1: center of the universe, jerk, not the Earth. And uh, 76 00:04:35,320 --> 00:04:38,040 Speaker 1: they said, you know what, that's heresy and you're gonna 77 00:04:38,040 --> 00:04:39,880 Speaker 1: be under house arrest for the rest of your life. 78 00:04:40,400 --> 00:04:42,680 Speaker 1: And he's like, I have a lot of wine and 79 00:04:42,760 --> 00:04:44,560 Speaker 1: cheese in my house and that's not so bad, and 80 00:04:44,600 --> 00:04:47,520 Speaker 1: I didn't need much anyway, so I don't like the 81 00:04:47,520 --> 00:04:50,039 Speaker 1: outside world. But at first, you know, and I guess 82 00:04:50,040 --> 00:04:52,360 Speaker 1: he had a better telescope or something, because Galileo saw 83 00:04:52,400 --> 00:04:54,880 Speaker 1: a lot more detail, it sounds like than Aristotle did. 84 00:04:55,440 --> 00:04:58,200 Speaker 1: I don't think Aristotle had a telescope. Was that the deal? 85 00:04:58,320 --> 00:05:00,040 Speaker 1: I think that he was just looking at it. I 86 00:05:00,040 --> 00:05:02,600 Speaker 1: think Copernicus was the first one to look through a telescope, 87 00:05:03,440 --> 00:05:07,400 Speaker 1: or Galileo was before Copernicus. A Copernicus had a nicer telescope. 88 00:05:08,080 --> 00:05:10,560 Speaker 1: I think Galileo came after Copernicus. All right, well, then 89 00:05:10,560 --> 00:05:12,520 Speaker 1: that's the way it went. We're gonna get this wrong. 90 00:05:12,680 --> 00:05:15,840 Speaker 1: We totally are, but continue, chuck. But the point is 91 00:05:16,120 --> 00:05:18,599 Speaker 1: Aristotle thought the Earth was the center in the universe, 92 00:05:18,640 --> 00:05:22,599 Speaker 1: and that the Moon had dark spots and light spots 93 00:05:22,680 --> 00:05:27,840 Speaker 1: they thought were sees, right, Maria, Yes, I looked up 94 00:05:27,839 --> 00:05:31,760 Speaker 1: a bunch of pronunciations on this one, by the way, Maria, Yeah, no, 95 00:05:31,839 --> 00:05:36,760 Speaker 1: that sounds right. And uh, the lighter spots were correctly 96 00:05:36,800 --> 00:05:40,160 Speaker 1: perceived to be land or terry. Yeah, but it's all land. 97 00:05:40,240 --> 00:05:43,320 Speaker 1: As it turns out. It does turn out the moon 98 00:05:43,480 --> 00:05:47,240 Speaker 1: is kind of boring place. Yeah, you think, I think 99 00:05:47,480 --> 00:05:51,279 Speaker 1: as a as a destination, Yes, I think it's incredibly boring. 100 00:05:53,320 --> 00:05:55,359 Speaker 1: It'd be cool to go there. I'm sure it's the 101 00:05:55,360 --> 00:05:58,160 Speaker 1: most thrilling thing in the world to do, or beyond 102 00:05:58,160 --> 00:06:00,080 Speaker 1: the world to do, to go to the Moon and 103 00:06:00,200 --> 00:06:03,240 Speaker 1: be on the Moon. But just you know, being back 104 00:06:03,240 --> 00:06:06,000 Speaker 1: here on Earth and in discussing parts of it, like 105 00:06:06,200 --> 00:06:08,760 Speaker 1: the moon as the destination's kind of boring. What the 106 00:06:08,800 --> 00:06:12,440 Speaker 1: moon does, where the Moon came from. I think it's fascinating. 107 00:06:12,680 --> 00:06:14,760 Speaker 1: I do too. And despite the fact that they were 108 00:06:14,800 --> 00:06:20,720 Speaker 1: not sees, they still call the Maria sees. Yes, Tranquility, Yeah, 109 00:06:20,760 --> 00:06:27,240 Speaker 1: mar Tranquility or mar twin Quillium, etcetera, etcetera. And the 110 00:06:27,240 --> 00:06:31,039 Speaker 1: Sea of Tranquility is where the first moon landing took place. 111 00:06:31,360 --> 00:06:33,000 Speaker 1: They thought it looks like a nice place to land. 112 00:06:33,040 --> 00:06:37,479 Speaker 1: And that was forty three years ago this month when 113 00:06:37,480 --> 00:06:40,159 Speaker 1: we're recording, when this comes out, it will be last month. 114 00:06:40,760 --> 00:06:45,159 Speaker 1: But um, that that um buzz Aldrin, right, who never 115 00:06:45,200 --> 00:06:48,800 Speaker 1: gets mentioned? First? Yeah, Neil Armstrong. Second, how about that 116 00:06:49,080 --> 00:06:52,640 Speaker 1: um landed on the moon. Apparently buzz Aldre was the 117 00:06:52,640 --> 00:06:56,599 Speaker 1: first person to um urinate on the moon. Yeah, Neil 118 00:06:56,680 --> 00:06:59,240 Speaker 1: Armstrong didn't buzz did while they were there, not on 119 00:06:59,279 --> 00:07:03,320 Speaker 1: the moon, but while on the moon. While on the moon, okay, yeah, um, 120 00:07:03,480 --> 00:07:05,680 Speaker 1: and uh you always have to church it up then, Well, 121 00:07:05,720 --> 00:07:08,520 Speaker 1: I mean that's disrespectful. He literally on the surface of 122 00:07:08,520 --> 00:07:11,080 Speaker 1: the Moon. I think something probably really bad would happen 123 00:07:11,120 --> 00:07:14,280 Speaker 1: to his physiology if he tried to pee on the moon. 124 00:07:14,360 --> 00:07:16,920 Speaker 1: Well it would float away anyway, right, yeah, but I 125 00:07:16,960 --> 00:07:22,880 Speaker 1: mean he just implode, right, Okay, yeah, vacuum. And since 126 00:07:22,880 --> 00:07:24,880 Speaker 1: I was guys, since Buzz Alburing first pete on the 127 00:07:24,920 --> 00:07:28,840 Speaker 1: Moon in nineteen nine, um, for the following three years, 128 00:07:28,960 --> 00:07:31,720 Speaker 1: twelve other Americans set foot on the Moon. And you 129 00:07:31,720 --> 00:07:35,040 Speaker 1: don't hear a lot about that, supposedly, uh. And we're, 130 00:07:35,080 --> 00:07:37,160 Speaker 1: as far as we know, the only people to set 131 00:07:37,200 --> 00:07:39,960 Speaker 1: foot on the moon so far. Um. And they brought 132 00:07:40,040 --> 00:07:42,440 Speaker 1: back about eight hundred and forty two pounds, which is 133 00:07:42,480 --> 00:07:46,800 Speaker 1: threems of moon rock moon dust, and it was studied 134 00:07:47,200 --> 00:07:49,080 Speaker 1: and then that's about it. That was all they had. 135 00:07:49,080 --> 00:07:50,440 Speaker 1: They were like, well, I guess we can bring back 136 00:07:50,440 --> 00:07:53,160 Speaker 1: some of these rocks and that's all over. What. Yeah, 137 00:07:53,400 --> 00:07:55,680 Speaker 1: I told everybody on Earth, I'd bring him something, but 138 00:07:55,760 --> 00:07:58,920 Speaker 1: there is nothing here. I wonder if if they got 139 00:07:58,920 --> 00:08:01,320 Speaker 1: a little piece of rock. I'm sure they did. Surely 140 00:08:01,880 --> 00:08:03,920 Speaker 1: you should be able to ask for that, right yeah. Okay, 141 00:08:03,960 --> 00:08:09,160 Speaker 1: well yeah if you're the guy who went and got it, yeah, exactly. Um. 142 00:08:09,280 --> 00:08:12,120 Speaker 1: And so since then, you know, since they brought back 143 00:08:12,200 --> 00:08:15,440 Speaker 1: this moon rock, a lot of these questions that have 144 00:08:15,560 --> 00:08:20,320 Speaker 1: been around since ancient times. Um, we're settled just really 145 00:08:20,320 --> 00:08:23,080 Speaker 1: in the last like forty years or so. Like, I mean, 146 00:08:23,320 --> 00:08:26,720 Speaker 1: we now know, okay for sure that there isn't water 147 00:08:26,800 --> 00:08:31,280 Speaker 1: on the moontain. Supposedly there could be, um, but we 148 00:08:31,360 --> 00:08:33,680 Speaker 1: now have a good idea thanks to the moon rocks 149 00:08:33,720 --> 00:08:37,400 Speaker 1: how the moon was formed, which settled a longstanding debate, 150 00:08:37,559 --> 00:08:41,959 Speaker 1: that's right. And um, yeah, and just being there, they 151 00:08:42,000 --> 00:08:44,000 Speaker 1: found out a lot of stuff, like they're like, hey, 152 00:08:44,679 --> 00:08:48,520 Speaker 1: it's just in a sea, it's all land about of 153 00:08:48,520 --> 00:08:53,480 Speaker 1: it is uh the dark spots that you see, the Maria, Maria, 154 00:08:53,600 --> 00:08:59,080 Speaker 1: the Maria, and it is the is the terra is 155 00:08:59,120 --> 00:09:05,000 Speaker 1: that terry terry And uh that's the lighter parts of 156 00:09:05,000 --> 00:09:08,080 Speaker 1: the moon that you see. And that's like mountainous, it's 157 00:09:08,120 --> 00:09:12,800 Speaker 1: crazy steep mountains, craters, all kinds of things there on 158 00:09:12,840 --> 00:09:16,640 Speaker 1: the terrat. Well yeah, because um, the Earth, the Earth 159 00:09:16,760 --> 00:09:22,280 Speaker 1: was about four billion years ago, there were a lot 160 00:09:22,400 --> 00:09:26,400 Speaker 1: of meteorites bombarding this neck of the Solar system, right, 161 00:09:26,760 --> 00:09:28,959 Speaker 1: and the Earth took as many as the Moon, if 162 00:09:28,960 --> 00:09:31,920 Speaker 1: not more. It still happens today every day meteorites at 163 00:09:31,920 --> 00:09:34,720 Speaker 1: the Earth, but our atmosphere burns most of them up, 164 00:09:35,160 --> 00:09:37,160 Speaker 1: and the ones that made it through the atmosphere and 165 00:09:37,160 --> 00:09:41,120 Speaker 1: had made a substantial impact on the Earth um have 166 00:09:41,280 --> 00:09:45,760 Speaker 1: been largely covered over by the biogeochemical processes that take 167 00:09:45,760 --> 00:09:48,960 Speaker 1: place on Earth. The Moon is utterly devoided these things 168 00:09:49,000 --> 00:09:51,800 Speaker 1: these days, and has been for about the last three 169 00:09:51,800 --> 00:09:54,800 Speaker 1: billion years. So just about anything that's happened over the 170 00:09:54,880 --> 00:09:59,959 Speaker 1: last three billion years, right, is just a few meteorite. 171 00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:03,200 Speaker 1: It's some impacts here there, but for the most part, 172 00:10:03,360 --> 00:10:06,480 Speaker 1: the Moon's surface was shaped and about four billion to 173 00:10:06,559 --> 00:10:08,920 Speaker 1: three billion years ago, and it's remained the same ever 174 00:10:09,000 --> 00:10:13,200 Speaker 1: since then. In addition, they think there were volcanoes at 175 00:10:13,200 --> 00:10:17,400 Speaker 1: one point on the Moon because they noticed rills like 176 00:10:17,480 --> 00:10:20,920 Speaker 1: these channel channel like depressions that they think was from lava. 177 00:10:21,000 --> 00:10:24,560 Speaker 1: They found old lava flows and lava tubes. So they said, hey, 178 00:10:24,679 --> 00:10:26,920 Speaker 1: looks like there were some volcanoes here at one point. Yes, 179 00:10:27,040 --> 00:10:30,640 Speaker 1: and that accounts for a lot of stuff on the Moon, 180 00:10:31,200 --> 00:10:35,040 Speaker 1: but also some of its composition as well. No soil, No, 181 00:10:35,240 --> 00:10:38,720 Speaker 1: it has something called regules, and regula means basically like 182 00:10:38,840 --> 00:10:44,959 Speaker 1: blanket over solid rock. Right. So, um, it's really just 183 00:10:44,960 --> 00:10:49,960 Speaker 1: this kind of fine particulate dust moon dust with vault 184 00:10:50,040 --> 00:10:52,920 Speaker 1: mixed with volcanic glass and then larger rocks and it's 185 00:10:52,960 --> 00:10:55,440 Speaker 1: just covers the surface of the Moon. It doesn't have 186 00:10:55,640 --> 00:10:59,360 Speaker 1: soil because it doesn't have any living organisms that are 187 00:10:59,400 --> 00:11:07,640 Speaker 1: required make soil. Yeah, nothing organic on the Moon, correct. Yeah. Uh, 188 00:11:07,679 --> 00:11:10,040 Speaker 1: So they brought back these rocks. They found out that 189 00:11:10,080 --> 00:11:13,440 Speaker 1: the uh Maria, which is what we said was only 190 00:11:14,160 --> 00:11:18,520 Speaker 1: the dark spots, was primary. Uh that primarily that one 191 00:11:18,520 --> 00:11:20,160 Speaker 1: word that we said over and over on the show, 192 00:11:20,640 --> 00:11:27,520 Speaker 1: what basalt, Yeah, buzzled and uh that is igneous rock 193 00:11:27,679 --> 00:11:30,400 Speaker 1: from cooled lava. So again with the volcanoes and the 194 00:11:30,480 --> 00:11:32,960 Speaker 1: highland regions, the mountain regions we talked about was mainly 195 00:11:33,000 --> 00:11:37,400 Speaker 1: in north the site and Breccia. Yeah, did you look 196 00:11:37,440 --> 00:11:39,880 Speaker 1: that on it? I did. Because when there's a C 197 00:11:40,160 --> 00:11:44,080 Speaker 1: I C a in Italian that makes a chess sound, 198 00:11:44,679 --> 00:11:49,600 Speaker 1: but it's c H makes a sound, So it's backwards 199 00:11:49,640 --> 00:11:52,600 Speaker 1: from what we might think as Americans, pretty neat but 200 00:11:52,720 --> 00:11:57,040 Speaker 1: correct if you're into in Italian that's right. What else, Chuck, 201 00:11:58,040 --> 00:12:02,680 Speaker 1: The lunar rocks have very little in volatile compounds, so 202 00:12:02,760 --> 00:12:06,679 Speaker 1: they resembled Ers's mantle. They have very little volatile compounds 203 00:12:06,760 --> 00:12:09,320 Speaker 1: or water. And then Tracy puts in as if they've 204 00:12:09,360 --> 00:12:14,000 Speaker 1: been baked a little bit of like foreshadowing. Um. And 205 00:12:14,040 --> 00:12:17,600 Speaker 1: also check they found that the Highland areas are much older. 206 00:12:18,320 --> 00:12:20,520 Speaker 1: The rocks in the Highland areas are much older than 207 00:12:20,600 --> 00:12:24,959 Speaker 1: the um Maria areas. Right. And so now with all 208 00:12:25,000 --> 00:12:27,959 Speaker 1: of this information, we have a pretty good idea of 209 00:12:28,080 --> 00:12:31,280 Speaker 1: how the Moon formed. Yeah. Oh, they also had they 210 00:12:31,520 --> 00:12:36,280 Speaker 1: they had some size size seismometers and they found that 211 00:12:36,320 --> 00:12:39,520 Speaker 1: there's no there's no shifting of the plates going on, right, 212 00:12:39,520 --> 00:12:41,800 Speaker 1: tectonic activity in the Moon. There are no moon quakes 213 00:12:42,240 --> 00:12:46,400 Speaker 1: and um. They also used magnetometers and they did not 214 00:12:46,480 --> 00:12:51,680 Speaker 1: detect any substantial magnetic field at the around the Moon, 215 00:12:51,880 --> 00:12:55,800 Speaker 1: which means that it's not it doesn't have a substantial 216 00:12:55,840 --> 00:12:59,000 Speaker 1: iron core. Right, so they're basically just trying to figure 217 00:12:59,000 --> 00:13:01,960 Speaker 1: out how much is it like the Earth in some ways, 218 00:13:02,000 --> 00:13:03,079 Speaker 1: I mean, they one to found out what it was, 219 00:13:03,120 --> 00:13:05,600 Speaker 1: but they were kind of comparing because some of the 220 00:13:05,640 --> 00:13:09,640 Speaker 1: old previously thought reasons why the Moon was there had 221 00:13:09,679 --> 00:13:12,840 Speaker 1: to do with it literally spinning off of the Earth. Well, 222 00:13:12,920 --> 00:13:16,280 Speaker 1: it's significant that moon rocks are similar in composition to 223 00:13:16,679 --> 00:13:21,839 Speaker 1: mantle rocks found on Earth pretty close, um, which means 224 00:13:22,000 --> 00:13:25,160 Speaker 1: to a lot of people that they're the the The 225 00:13:25,200 --> 00:13:27,720 Speaker 1: Moon has always been connected to the Earth and a 226 00:13:27,720 --> 00:13:31,200 Speaker 1: lot of people's minds, right, So there's different ways that 227 00:13:31,320 --> 00:13:33,880 Speaker 1: it formed, but it's always in relation to the Earth 228 00:13:34,000 --> 00:13:37,080 Speaker 1: almost except for one. Yes, So previously to the to 229 00:13:37,200 --> 00:13:39,520 Speaker 1: the lunar landing, they had a few ideas. They thought 230 00:13:39,600 --> 00:13:42,720 Speaker 1: maybe there was the double planet hypothesis, which was the 231 00:13:42,760 --> 00:13:45,280 Speaker 1: Earth and Moon formed together. Yeah, because remember in the 232 00:13:45,360 --> 00:13:49,080 Speaker 1: Asteroid Mining podcast we talked about the formation of planets. 233 00:13:49,080 --> 00:13:52,120 Speaker 1: It's just that starts in this Uh, it starts spinning 234 00:13:52,160 --> 00:13:55,440 Speaker 1: and then everything's kind of comes together. It's an easy 235 00:13:55,440 --> 00:13:58,520 Speaker 1: way to say it. Uh. The capture hypothesis was the 236 00:13:58,559 --> 00:14:01,640 Speaker 1: Earth's gravity captured the own as it was just cruising by. 237 00:14:02,240 --> 00:14:05,080 Speaker 1: That's the only one where they weren't related. But the 238 00:14:05,080 --> 00:14:07,920 Speaker 1: Earth said hey, we're gonna hold you captive now because 239 00:14:07,920 --> 00:14:10,559 Speaker 1: we like your gentle light that you cast upon its 240 00:14:10,640 --> 00:14:14,400 Speaker 1: At nighttime. And then the fission hypothesis, which was the 241 00:14:14,440 --> 00:14:17,600 Speaker 1: Earth spun so much and so rapidly that a blob 242 00:14:17,679 --> 00:14:22,320 Speaker 1: of molten earth spun off and that was the moon. Right. 243 00:14:22,640 --> 00:14:24,520 Speaker 1: That sounds a little even in the sixties, I would 244 00:14:24,520 --> 00:14:27,680 Speaker 1: have been like, really, well, I mean, think about it. 245 00:14:27,720 --> 00:14:30,480 Speaker 1: If it's if it's forming and everything is kind of 246 00:14:30,520 --> 00:14:33,760 Speaker 1: loose still, I guess we didn't know as much back then. Um, 247 00:14:33,880 --> 00:14:37,760 Speaker 1: So all of these have been kind of shot down, right, 248 00:14:37,800 --> 00:14:42,920 Speaker 1: that's right. Um. The fact that the the Moon and 249 00:14:42,960 --> 00:14:45,680 Speaker 1: the Earth's compositions are not the same means that they 250 00:14:45,840 --> 00:14:48,840 Speaker 1: probably didn't form right alongside one another because they should 251 00:14:48,840 --> 00:14:54,080 Speaker 1: be pretty much the same material. Um. The Earth can't 252 00:14:54,240 --> 00:14:57,040 Speaker 1: possibly capture something as large as the moon as the 253 00:14:57,040 --> 00:15:01,680 Speaker 1: moon and keep it there. Um. And then lastly, chuck, 254 00:15:02,120 --> 00:15:04,880 Speaker 1: the Earth has never been known to be able to 255 00:15:04,920 --> 00:15:07,400 Speaker 1: spin fast enough to spin any part of it off. 256 00:15:07,760 --> 00:15:10,280 Speaker 1: If it were, we would be the first things off 257 00:15:10,320 --> 00:15:13,400 Speaker 1: of the Earth if it could spin that fast anybody, 258 00:15:13,840 --> 00:15:17,400 Speaker 1: let alone a sizeable chunk. So what they think now 259 00:15:17,680 --> 00:15:20,520 Speaker 1: is um. After the seventies they came up with this 260 00:15:20,560 --> 00:15:23,640 Speaker 1: thing called the giant impact or theory. Yeah, that's it's 261 00:15:23,640 --> 00:15:26,680 Speaker 1: standing up fairly well. Right, so, yeah, it's this idea 262 00:15:26,760 --> 00:15:31,000 Speaker 1: that another planet or planetoid or something about the size 263 00:15:31,040 --> 00:15:34,560 Speaker 1: of Mars, early in the Earth's formation, came along and 264 00:15:35,360 --> 00:15:39,600 Speaker 1: collided with the Earth with such force that it was 265 00:15:39,680 --> 00:15:43,480 Speaker 1: absorbed into the Earth. It broke off a chunk, and 266 00:15:43,520 --> 00:15:47,600 Speaker 1: then that part filled in the part that was was 267 00:15:47,720 --> 00:15:50,880 Speaker 1: chunked off. It's like, um, what are the what are 268 00:15:50,920 --> 00:15:54,000 Speaker 1: those twins where one eats the other in the womb called? 269 00:15:54,680 --> 00:15:57,440 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, it's kind of like that, I mean twins. 270 00:15:57,720 --> 00:16:01,720 Speaker 1: So it's like the Earth has like another planet that 271 00:16:01,920 --> 00:16:05,560 Speaker 1: really just looks like a taratoma with fingernails their teeth 272 00:16:06,040 --> 00:16:09,200 Speaker 1: inside of it. Yes, and that one, that one is 273 00:16:09,200 --> 00:16:11,920 Speaker 1: actually held up. They've done computer simulations and they said 274 00:16:12,600 --> 00:16:14,880 Speaker 1: this could have happened. Well, we left out the most 275 00:16:14,920 --> 00:16:18,320 Speaker 1: important part from that impact. It's shot out a bunch 276 00:16:18,320 --> 00:16:20,600 Speaker 1: of stuff that formed into the Moon. Yes, and that 277 00:16:20,680 --> 00:16:24,800 Speaker 1: was very hot obviously, and then and it cooled eventually. 278 00:16:24,840 --> 00:16:27,000 Speaker 1: But that's why the rocks appear to have been baked. 279 00:16:27,440 --> 00:16:30,960 Speaker 1: That was the foreshadowing, right. Um So the idea behind this, 280 00:16:31,080 --> 00:16:34,120 Speaker 1: like you said, it's still it stood up. That's enjoys 281 00:16:34,200 --> 00:16:39,880 Speaker 1: the majority opinion, right. Um So, after this impact. As 282 00:16:39,960 --> 00:16:44,560 Speaker 1: the as the Moon's spinning and forming itself into a spheroid. Um, 283 00:16:44,600 --> 00:16:49,560 Speaker 1: it's covered in this ocean of magma, right, And this 284 00:16:49,640 --> 00:16:54,080 Speaker 1: ocean of magma starts too cool and inside the cores 285 00:16:54,160 --> 00:16:58,200 Speaker 1: solid outside magma, it starts to cool and everything kind 286 00:16:58,200 --> 00:17:02,200 Speaker 1: of switches. The outside becomes solid, the inside magma and 287 00:17:02,240 --> 00:17:06,479 Speaker 1: then um. After a while, the there's this period of 288 00:17:06,720 --> 00:17:10,399 Speaker 1: um bombardment that I talked about of meteorites in the neighborhood. 289 00:17:10,640 --> 00:17:15,359 Speaker 1: It forms all of the highlands, the craters, um. Almost 290 00:17:15,440 --> 00:17:17,720 Speaker 1: every feature on the surface of the Moon is formed 291 00:17:17,800 --> 00:17:21,880 Speaker 1: during this bombardment period when the lava's eking out through 292 00:17:21,880 --> 00:17:24,880 Speaker 1: the cracks from that came after that. So this at 293 00:17:24,880 --> 00:17:28,760 Speaker 1: this point, the Moon has a molten core, a solid 294 00:17:28,760 --> 00:17:32,720 Speaker 1: exterior um, and it's being bombarded with meteorites. So we're 295 00:17:32,720 --> 00:17:36,600 Speaker 1: seeing the stuff that that we see today happen, you know, 296 00:17:36,760 --> 00:17:39,840 Speaker 1: three point nine billion years ago. Then after that period, 297 00:17:40,200 --> 00:17:43,199 Speaker 1: the there's a period of volcanic activity all over the 298 00:17:43,600 --> 00:17:45,920 Speaker 1: So that's when it's leaking up through the cracks, and 299 00:17:45,960 --> 00:17:49,560 Speaker 1: it leaks up through the cracks in the Maria areas, right, 300 00:17:49,920 --> 00:17:52,840 Speaker 1: which explains why there's more craters on the Highlands than 301 00:17:52,880 --> 00:17:56,480 Speaker 1: in the Maria because the craters were covered over by 302 00:17:56,520 --> 00:18:00,439 Speaker 1: this basult, which is so so prevalent in these areas. Right, 303 00:18:00,520 --> 00:18:02,880 Speaker 1: that makes a lot of sense actually, And and then lastly, 304 00:18:02,960 --> 00:18:07,200 Speaker 1: the volcanic activity expelled all of the heat in the moon, 305 00:18:08,080 --> 00:18:10,600 Speaker 1: turning it into a dead, lifeless hulk that we know 306 00:18:10,680 --> 00:18:14,040 Speaker 1: and love today. Well that sounds sad, but I love 307 00:18:14,080 --> 00:18:17,359 Speaker 1: it in its current state, so I'm actually happy about it. Okay, 308 00:18:17,400 --> 00:18:19,840 Speaker 1: So let's talk about it and it's current state, Chuck. 309 00:18:20,280 --> 00:18:23,600 Speaker 1: Here's so, there's the moon that's right there. That's how 310 00:18:23,600 --> 00:18:26,280 Speaker 1: it got there, right, that's kind of cool, Like you 311 00:18:26,320 --> 00:18:29,639 Speaker 1: didn't know that before. I didn't until we researched this stuff, 312 00:18:29,680 --> 00:18:32,479 Speaker 1: all right. So in its current state, Chuck, it's in 313 00:18:32,520 --> 00:18:35,960 Speaker 1: this um orbit around Earth. It doesn't spin on its axis, 314 00:18:36,520 --> 00:18:40,439 Speaker 1: and it's basically dragged along like you know a wheel 315 00:18:41,400 --> 00:18:45,080 Speaker 1: that's stuck. You can still drag it across the ground. 316 00:18:45,400 --> 00:18:47,840 Speaker 1: It's just not spinning. This is much the same way, 317 00:18:47,840 --> 00:18:50,359 Speaker 1: but rather than in a in a vertical orientation, this 318 00:18:50,480 --> 00:18:53,800 Speaker 1: is horizontal that the moon is not spinning and a 319 00:18:53,880 --> 00:18:58,760 Speaker 1: horizontal axis it's being dragged around. And so that's why 320 00:18:58,800 --> 00:19:00,760 Speaker 1: we only see the ones of the moon. The same 321 00:19:00,800 --> 00:19:02,920 Speaker 1: side of the moon all the time, the happy side 322 00:19:03,720 --> 00:19:06,199 Speaker 1: inside with the cheese. Well we wouldn't know if the 323 00:19:06,200 --> 00:19:08,560 Speaker 1: other side is happier. Well, that's the dark side. This 324 00:19:08,640 --> 00:19:13,399 Speaker 1: is scary side. Asked that crashed lunar rover or not 325 00:19:13,480 --> 00:19:18,560 Speaker 1: rover but orbiter, orbiter two, orbiter two. So you're talking 326 00:19:18,600 --> 00:19:21,120 Speaker 1: about the twenty nine it's the twenty nine point five 327 00:19:21,560 --> 00:19:24,320 Speaker 1: days or is it just twenty nine it's my understanding 328 00:19:24,320 --> 00:19:27,840 Speaker 1: that it's twenty nine point five. Okay, that's what I thought. Uh. 329 00:19:27,920 --> 00:19:31,080 Speaker 1: Sometimes it is between the Earth and the Sun. Sometimes 330 00:19:31,080 --> 00:19:34,240 Speaker 1: it's behind us. So what we're talking about here is 331 00:19:34,400 --> 00:19:38,240 Speaker 1: the moon phases. That's why you'll see the crescent moon 332 00:19:38,320 --> 00:19:40,520 Speaker 1: or the half moon or the full moon. Different parts 333 00:19:40,560 --> 00:19:42,800 Speaker 1: of the moon are lit up by the Sun depending 334 00:19:42,800 --> 00:19:44,320 Speaker 1: on where it is in relation to the Earth. It's 335 00:19:44,320 --> 00:19:49,000 Speaker 1: pretty simple. Yeah, and NTO yeah. Uh. And when it's 336 00:19:49,040 --> 00:19:52,000 Speaker 1: lit up and when it's not lit up, there's a huge, 337 00:19:52,280 --> 00:19:56,719 Speaker 1: huge difference in temperature. What was that? Was it a 338 00:19:56,760 --> 00:19:59,720 Speaker 1: future rama? It was a future rama where they had 339 00:19:59,760 --> 00:20:05,240 Speaker 1: to it back to their transport before the horizon line, 340 00:20:05,600 --> 00:20:08,240 Speaker 1: the point where the sun was you know, hitting the 341 00:20:08,280 --> 00:20:11,360 Speaker 1: moon got to them where also is just gonna vaporize 342 00:20:11,400 --> 00:20:14,320 Speaker 1: them because the difference in temperature, the mean temperature in 343 00:20:14,359 --> 00:20:15,959 Speaker 1: the shadow of the moon, if I may, I know 344 00:20:16,040 --> 00:20:20,240 Speaker 1: you like stats, please, the mean temperature in the shadow 345 00:20:20,280 --> 00:20:23,520 Speaker 1: of the moon is negative two hundred ninety two degrees fahrenheight. 346 00:20:24,400 --> 00:20:28,800 Speaker 1: Temperature negative a hundred and eighty degrees celsius in the sunlight, Chuck, 347 00:20:28,960 --> 00:20:32,200 Speaker 1: the mean, the mean, This is the one that's the average, right, 348 00:20:32,359 --> 00:20:36,560 Speaker 1: there's the median average. You could say that the mean 349 00:20:36,720 --> 00:20:39,679 Speaker 1: surface temperature in the sunlight is two hundred and sixty 350 00:20:39,760 --> 00:20:43,600 Speaker 1: six degrees fahrenheights. That's a hundred and thirty degrees celsius, 351 00:20:43,640 --> 00:20:45,760 Speaker 1: so quite a different. So yeah, there's like a six 352 00:20:45,880 --> 00:20:48,920 Speaker 1: hundred degree difference. That's the power of the sun, my friend, 353 00:20:49,680 --> 00:20:53,400 Speaker 1: which we've gone over in detail. So over these billions 354 00:20:53,400 --> 00:20:57,040 Speaker 1: of years, a couple of changes have happened to the Moon. Uh. 355 00:20:57,200 --> 00:20:59,679 Speaker 1: It's moved a little further away from the Earth, and 356 00:20:59,760 --> 00:21:05,159 Speaker 1: it's rotation has slowed some over the years, which you 357 00:21:05,200 --> 00:21:08,040 Speaker 1: know that doesn't mean anything to me right now, but 358 00:21:08,080 --> 00:21:12,120 Speaker 1: it's worth pointing out. Okay, you know what I'm saying. Yeah, 359 00:21:12,119 --> 00:21:16,080 Speaker 1: did you talk about the different phases like the did 360 00:21:16,240 --> 00:21:19,840 Speaker 1: the waning and the waxing and all that. Uh, well 361 00:21:19,880 --> 00:21:22,200 Speaker 1: I didn't. I didn't govert in that much detail. Now, well, 362 00:21:22,400 --> 00:21:26,240 Speaker 1: I've always just enjoyed this, right, So do you know 363 00:21:26,320 --> 00:21:31,080 Speaker 1: what they call a moon that's growing toward full moon 364 00:21:31,560 --> 00:21:35,920 Speaker 1: and is almost full. Uh, that's waxing give us, yes, 365 00:21:36,200 --> 00:21:39,560 Speaker 1: So remember that one it's going on its way toward 366 00:21:39,640 --> 00:21:42,800 Speaker 1: a full moon and it's there's more moon present than 367 00:21:43,000 --> 00:21:45,720 Speaker 1: there isn't there's a waxing GiB us. And then do 368 00:21:45,760 --> 00:21:47,639 Speaker 1: you know what it's called when it's going toward a 369 00:21:47,680 --> 00:21:51,639 Speaker 1: new moon and it's a thin little sliver, Uh, the 370 00:21:51,720 --> 00:21:55,320 Speaker 1: waning crescent. Yes, if you remember waning crescent and waxing, 371 00:21:55,320 --> 00:21:57,720 Speaker 1: give us, you can name any phase of the moon 372 00:21:58,040 --> 00:22:00,480 Speaker 1: just by looking at it and impress your friend that's true, 373 00:22:00,520 --> 00:22:03,560 Speaker 1: because you also have the waxing crescent, first quarter, a 374 00:22:03,680 --> 00:22:08,640 Speaker 1: waning give us last quarter, and everyone's favorite, the full moon. Yeah, 375 00:22:08,680 --> 00:22:11,119 Speaker 1: the full moon's that's the money moon. Sure, and you 376 00:22:11,160 --> 00:22:13,520 Speaker 1: know people say that things go wacky at full moon's 377 00:22:13,560 --> 00:22:16,720 Speaker 1: but I think that we found that that is largely 378 00:22:16,800 --> 00:22:21,400 Speaker 1: just stories and it's not necessarily been proven. Like emergency 379 00:22:21,400 --> 00:22:24,240 Speaker 1: medical emergency rooms are supposed to be like wacky and 380 00:22:24,320 --> 00:22:27,080 Speaker 1: people go crazy and in the full moon and where 381 00:22:27,080 --> 00:22:30,880 Speaker 1: wolves coming backed up though by by numbers. Tracy said, 382 00:22:30,920 --> 00:22:33,439 Speaker 1: it's not. Um, where did you see that? It was 383 00:22:33,480 --> 00:22:36,840 Speaker 1: somewhere in here? I didn't see it. Well, it's in there, 384 00:22:37,320 --> 00:22:39,199 Speaker 1: or maybe I saw it somewhere else. Yeah, but they 385 00:22:39,200 --> 00:22:41,399 Speaker 1: said it's it's pretty much anecdotal. But I thought I 386 00:22:41,440 --> 00:22:43,800 Speaker 1: had seen that too where it was backed up by numbers. Well, 387 00:22:43,840 --> 00:22:46,960 Speaker 1: there is, there's another um, there's a I guess if 388 00:22:47,000 --> 00:22:50,240 Speaker 1: you're a skeptic, it's a crackpot theory. But there's a 389 00:22:50,240 --> 00:22:54,439 Speaker 1: a bunch of people who believe in the concept of 390 00:22:54,480 --> 00:22:58,040 Speaker 1: the super moon. Have you heard about that? That sounds familiar. 391 00:22:58,200 --> 00:23:01,480 Speaker 1: So the moon travel, it's orbit around the Earth is 392 00:23:01,520 --> 00:23:03,919 Speaker 1: not a perfect circle. It's in the lips. So that 393 00:23:04,000 --> 00:23:06,640 Speaker 1: means that there are points where it's as far as 394 00:23:06,640 --> 00:23:08,920 Speaker 1: it can be away from the Earth and as close 395 00:23:08,960 --> 00:23:10,919 Speaker 1: as it can be. So as close as it can 396 00:23:10,960 --> 00:23:13,840 Speaker 1: be as called paragy and as far away is called 397 00:23:13,840 --> 00:23:17,879 Speaker 1: apog and it hits these once a month each right, 398 00:23:18,359 --> 00:23:20,439 Speaker 1: So it's not unusual for the Moon to be impared 399 00:23:20,600 --> 00:23:23,160 Speaker 1: your apogee, and normally when it is, it just means 400 00:23:23,200 --> 00:23:25,280 Speaker 1: that the tides are higher and lower, and we'll talk 401 00:23:25,280 --> 00:23:28,200 Speaker 1: about tides in a minute. It's right, but um, if 402 00:23:28,240 --> 00:23:31,400 Speaker 1: it's in a full moon and it's a parady, which 403 00:23:31,520 --> 00:23:35,360 Speaker 1: means that there's more exposed right to the sunlight, which 404 00:23:35,359 --> 00:23:41,040 Speaker 1: really doesn't mean anything, but it's closer. Okay, Um, Supposedly 405 00:23:41,080 --> 00:23:43,960 Speaker 1: what this happens like once every nineteen years. Supposedly that's 406 00:23:44,000 --> 00:23:46,600 Speaker 1: linked to all sorts of destructive stuff on Earth, like 407 00:23:46,680 --> 00:23:50,639 Speaker 1: earthquakes and floods and things like that. And you can 408 00:23:50,760 --> 00:23:52,960 Speaker 1: go back and say, oh, well the moon there is 409 00:23:52,960 --> 00:23:59,000 Speaker 1: a super moon in nineteen The last one was March nineteen, 410 00:23:59,480 --> 00:24:02,960 Speaker 1: two thousand and eleven. March eleventh, two thou eleven was 411 00:24:03,000 --> 00:24:06,640 Speaker 1: the Japan quake. So people who believe in the Superman 412 00:24:06,680 --> 00:24:08,879 Speaker 1: say they're see that, like, we can go back and 413 00:24:08,880 --> 00:24:11,120 Speaker 1: find this all the time. And then people who who 414 00:24:11,119 --> 00:24:16,639 Speaker 1: poo poo it's say if yeah, you're linking to unrelated phenomena. Yeah, 415 00:24:17,000 --> 00:24:19,480 Speaker 1: that's very interesting, but that's the supermoon. At the very least, 416 00:24:19,480 --> 00:24:23,560 Speaker 1: it sounds very cool. Super anything sounds cool. Um, So Chuck, 417 00:24:23,720 --> 00:24:25,439 Speaker 1: I said that we were going to talk about tides, 418 00:24:25,480 --> 00:24:28,400 Speaker 1: and I deliver around my promises. Well, you can't talk 419 00:24:28,400 --> 00:24:32,159 Speaker 1: about the Moon without talking about tides. It's true, and Riley, 420 00:24:33,160 --> 00:24:37,600 Speaker 1: we mentioned him right. The Moon has a gravitational force. 421 00:24:37,720 --> 00:24:40,040 Speaker 1: We all know that. And it it pulls on water 422 00:24:40,280 --> 00:24:44,320 Speaker 1: and the oceans. It stretches this water out and forms 423 00:24:44,320 --> 00:24:46,840 Speaker 1: what's called the title bulge on the sides of the 424 00:24:46,840 --> 00:24:49,560 Speaker 1: planet that are in line with the Moon. That's the 425 00:24:49,600 --> 00:24:53,040 Speaker 1: first part. The moon. Water obviously pulls on the side 426 00:24:53,160 --> 00:24:55,960 Speaker 1: closest to it, which causes the bulge toward the Moon 427 00:24:56,320 --> 00:24:58,399 Speaker 1: pulls on the Earth a little bit and drags the 428 00:24:58,440 --> 00:25:01,199 Speaker 1: Earth away from the water from the opposite side. And 429 00:25:01,240 --> 00:25:06,000 Speaker 1: there's another another tidal bulge. And uh, the area under 430 00:25:06,040 --> 00:25:08,760 Speaker 1: the bulge. The areas of the Earth under the bulge 431 00:25:08,800 --> 00:25:11,320 Speaker 1: are high tide. The areas on the thin sides are 432 00:25:11,359 --> 00:25:18,359 Speaker 1: low tide. It's mind boggling. Six hours, twelve hours. The 433 00:25:18,720 --> 00:25:22,639 Speaker 1: moon pulls tugs on the ocean. It does, tugs on 434 00:25:22,680 --> 00:25:26,439 Speaker 1: the ocean toward it, right, and it even moves the 435 00:25:26,440 --> 00:25:28,840 Speaker 1: Earth a little bit. It does into the ocean a 436 00:25:28,840 --> 00:25:33,600 Speaker 1: little more. Another way, the Moon actually pulls water. Yeah, 437 00:25:33,600 --> 00:25:36,399 Speaker 1: it's a pretty impressive it is. Yeah. And then on 438 00:25:36,440 --> 00:25:38,920 Speaker 1: the other side it pulls it away from the water. 439 00:25:38,960 --> 00:25:41,000 Speaker 1: It pulls the Earth away from where the water is, 440 00:25:41,040 --> 00:25:43,480 Speaker 1: so that's low tide. And yeah, like you said, that 441 00:25:43,480 --> 00:25:46,200 Speaker 1: happens every six hours, right, Yeah. And the other cool 442 00:25:46,240 --> 00:25:49,000 Speaker 1: thing is it also the moon stabilizes the Earth's rotation. 443 00:25:49,040 --> 00:25:51,239 Speaker 1: If it wasn't for the moon, we might end up 444 00:25:51,240 --> 00:25:55,760 Speaker 1: looking like wobbly top. That's it's starting to slow down, yes, 445 00:25:56,000 --> 00:26:03,359 Speaker 1: like Inception. Yeah, your favorite movie. So, um, you know 446 00:26:03,400 --> 00:26:08,119 Speaker 1: that that top wobbling. Tracy talks about precession. Um where 447 00:26:08,920 --> 00:26:12,600 Speaker 1: because of that that skew to its axis. The angle 448 00:26:12,640 --> 00:26:17,720 Speaker 1: of its axis. The polar star changes every like fourteen 449 00:26:17,760 --> 00:26:21,680 Speaker 1: thousand years, I think twenty six thousand years. So right now, 450 00:26:21,840 --> 00:26:26,199 Speaker 1: Polaris is the north star. Um. The north star in 451 00:26:26,280 --> 00:26:29,879 Speaker 1: three thousand BC was called Theuban. Did you know that? No, 452 00:26:30,040 --> 00:26:32,520 Speaker 1: So we're gonna get another one and a D fourteen 453 00:26:32,560 --> 00:26:38,080 Speaker 1: thousand Vega will be the pole star. Huh Are they cool? 454 00:26:38,240 --> 00:26:40,439 Speaker 1: That is pretty cool? I hope I'm around to see it. 455 00:26:40,840 --> 00:26:43,239 Speaker 1: I don't. I don't know. They're gonna have to be 456 00:26:43,280 --> 00:26:48,280 Speaker 1: some significant advances in longevity really in the next years. Um, 457 00:26:48,680 --> 00:26:51,120 Speaker 1: so what else do we have a chuck? Well, we've 458 00:26:51,119 --> 00:26:54,600 Speaker 1: got eclipses. If you want to dive into that. What's 459 00:26:54,680 --> 00:26:59,960 Speaker 1: it's worthy take it? Think? Uh, when the Moon passes 460 00:27:00,040 --> 00:27:03,760 Speaker 1: between the Sun and the Earth, right, occasionally, you're gonna 461 00:27:03,800 --> 00:27:06,920 Speaker 1: get that exact alignment of the Sun, Moon and Earth, 462 00:27:07,160 --> 00:27:09,119 Speaker 1: and that's a solar eclipse. And I don't know if 463 00:27:09,160 --> 00:27:10,399 Speaker 1: a lot of people know this. When you have a 464 00:27:10,440 --> 00:27:12,560 Speaker 1: solar eclipse that same month, you're gonna have a lunar 465 00:27:12,600 --> 00:27:15,159 Speaker 1: eclipse as well. Yeah, it's like in the bag. In 466 00:27:15,240 --> 00:27:19,160 Speaker 1: the bag, but the moon has to be full, correct, Yeah, 467 00:27:19,160 --> 00:27:22,960 Speaker 1: when the moon is full, a lunar eclipse will occur 468 00:27:23,280 --> 00:27:25,800 Speaker 1: in the same month as a solar eclips Yes, you're right, okay, 469 00:27:25,840 --> 00:27:27,679 Speaker 1: but for the solar eclipse, it's got to be a 470 00:27:27,720 --> 00:27:31,240 Speaker 1: new moon, yes, Josh, new new phase only. So when 471 00:27:31,280 --> 00:27:33,479 Speaker 1: you have a lunar eclipse, the moon is new and 472 00:27:33,520 --> 00:27:37,959 Speaker 1: it's in line between the Sun and the Earth. And 473 00:27:38,000 --> 00:27:42,520 Speaker 1: then when it's full fifteen days later, fourteen days later, 474 00:27:42,600 --> 00:27:44,160 Speaker 1: it's on the other side of the Earth, you're gonna 475 00:27:44,160 --> 00:27:49,000 Speaker 1: have a lunar And depending on where it goes into 476 00:27:49,040 --> 00:27:51,639 Speaker 1: the Earth's shadow, either the pin umbra, which is like 477 00:27:52,320 --> 00:27:54,560 Speaker 1: an angled part of the shadow it's not the full 478 00:27:54,600 --> 00:27:58,880 Speaker 1: shadow um or the umbro, which is the full on shadow. 479 00:27:59,119 --> 00:28:01,679 Speaker 1: It'll either be a partial or of full eclipse. That's right. 480 00:28:01,720 --> 00:28:04,639 Speaker 1: And kids, remember never staring too a solar eclipse. Right, 481 00:28:04,880 --> 00:28:06,800 Speaker 1: you can stare at a lunar eclipse all night long 482 00:28:06,840 --> 00:28:09,080 Speaker 1: if you want to. So we talked about will the 483 00:28:09,080 --> 00:28:12,679 Speaker 1: Moon saved humanity? We talked about lunar bases, and we 484 00:28:12,760 --> 00:28:16,680 Speaker 1: talked about um mining, asteroids and fake moon landing. This 485 00:28:16,720 --> 00:28:19,800 Speaker 1: is like our fourth Mooney. But I think that there 486 00:28:19,800 --> 00:28:22,800 Speaker 1: should be required listening because you know, there's there's this 487 00:28:24,440 --> 00:28:27,280 Speaker 1: there's an idea that there's possibly ice that was missed 488 00:28:27,480 --> 00:28:29,840 Speaker 1: on the Moon. There's a couple been a couple of 489 00:28:30,200 --> 00:28:34,639 Speaker 1: the Clementine probe found evidence of it, and then a 490 00:28:34,640 --> 00:28:38,480 Speaker 1: more recent one said yeah, that's probably ice right there, 491 00:28:38,520 --> 00:28:41,000 Speaker 1: which probably a good deal. Well, yeah, it probably got 492 00:28:41,000 --> 00:28:43,280 Speaker 1: different like comets or something else. But there's ice on 493 00:28:43,320 --> 00:28:45,280 Speaker 1: the Moon, and if there is, then that means that 494 00:28:45,320 --> 00:28:48,960 Speaker 1: we have water and fuel on the Moon for a 495 00:28:49,000 --> 00:28:51,600 Speaker 1: moon base, which is very exciting news. It's a lot 496 00:28:51,640 --> 00:28:54,120 Speaker 1: cheaper apparently too. If you had a moon base to 497 00:28:54,320 --> 00:28:57,200 Speaker 1: send off a rocket from the Moon, then it would 498 00:28:57,200 --> 00:28:58,920 Speaker 1: be from the Earth. Plus you can be like, I 499 00:28:58,960 --> 00:29:02,440 Speaker 1: got a moon base and that's just cool. Yeah, it 500 00:29:02,560 --> 00:29:06,080 Speaker 1: sounds so sixties unless you see the movie Moon and 501 00:29:06,160 --> 00:29:10,280 Speaker 1: that wasn't very cool at all. Alright, good moon movies. 502 00:29:10,320 --> 00:29:15,400 Speaker 1: What you got? Uh? Well Moon? Okay, what else is there? 503 00:29:17,200 --> 00:29:28,000 Speaker 1: Moon raker? Yeah, um paper Moon Moon River it's a song. Yeah, sure, 504 00:29:28,840 --> 00:29:30,800 Speaker 1: I bet there's been a movie called Moon Rivers. I'm 505 00:29:30,840 --> 00:29:36,880 Speaker 1: gonna do you think you remember the film Breakfast at Tiffany's. 506 00:29:36,920 --> 00:29:41,920 Speaker 1: I love that movie. Well that's one thing we've got. Okay, wow, 507 00:29:42,640 --> 00:29:45,640 Speaker 1: Well the song is that Breakfast that Tiffany's? Is that 508 00:29:45,680 --> 00:29:48,680 Speaker 1: the name of it? By that awful band who I 509 00:29:48,680 --> 00:29:51,560 Speaker 1: hope doesn't listen to this show. Uh sorry, that was 510 00:29:51,600 --> 00:29:55,200 Speaker 1: a sidetrack. So um. The reason we mentioned that they 511 00:29:55,280 --> 00:29:57,480 Speaker 1: found what they think might be ice is because that's 512 00:29:57,640 --> 00:30:01,640 Speaker 1: pretty important because um, President Bush was GungHo to go, 513 00:30:02,200 --> 00:30:06,000 Speaker 1: uh find out and potentially get on the moon again. 514 00:30:06,040 --> 00:30:09,480 Speaker 1: And Obama came in and in two thousand ten, in 515 00:30:09,560 --> 00:30:14,960 Speaker 1: February and canceled the constellation program, which I looked into 516 00:30:15,000 --> 00:30:16,760 Speaker 1: because my first thought was, you know, I'm a big 517 00:30:16,800 --> 00:30:20,680 Speaker 1: fan of our president, and I thought, well that stinks. 518 00:30:21,280 --> 00:30:23,240 Speaker 1: I wanted to go back to the Moon, and I 519 00:30:23,240 --> 00:30:26,200 Speaker 1: think there's there's it's worthy to do so, Oh we will. 520 00:30:26,280 --> 00:30:29,280 Speaker 1: It'll just be private companies that get there. Exactly. That's 521 00:30:29,320 --> 00:30:31,760 Speaker 1: what he says, at least as he ordered a review 522 00:30:31,800 --> 00:30:35,640 Speaker 1: and found it to be behind schedule and over budget 523 00:30:35,720 --> 00:30:38,400 Speaker 1: and just not a very lean program. And so hey, 524 00:30:38,480 --> 00:30:42,640 Speaker 1: let's extend the International Space Station for about five years, 525 00:30:43,000 --> 00:30:45,880 Speaker 1: give NAS about six billion bucks, and then see if 526 00:30:45,880 --> 00:30:48,560 Speaker 1: we can get some private companies to start shuttling astronauts 527 00:30:48,640 --> 00:30:52,840 Speaker 1: up there. Into the private sector. Yeah, so we'll see 528 00:30:52,920 --> 00:30:56,320 Speaker 1: what happens. Neil Armstrong is against that, but Paul's buzz 529 00:30:56,360 --> 00:30:59,200 Speaker 1: altern is for it. Yeah. I don't know if they're 530 00:30:59,240 --> 00:31:01,640 Speaker 1: duking it out or it, But well, how do you 531 00:31:01,680 --> 00:31:05,440 Speaker 1: feel about it? I don't know. I mean I think 532 00:31:05,640 --> 00:31:08,160 Speaker 1: if the private sector could get involved, and that's that's good. 533 00:31:08,200 --> 00:31:11,120 Speaker 1: That's companies making money. It is. But like I tend 534 00:31:11,160 --> 00:31:13,720 Speaker 1: to think of like the Moon is a part of 535 00:31:13,760 --> 00:31:17,120 Speaker 1: the commonwealth of humanity, you know, like that, it just 536 00:31:17,160 --> 00:31:22,720 Speaker 1: seems like you shouldn't you shouldn't apply capitalism to the Moon. Yeah, 537 00:31:22,760 --> 00:31:25,000 Speaker 1: maybe not, but what you know, China might get there 538 00:31:25,040 --> 00:31:27,200 Speaker 1: and set up camp and be like no, no, no, 539 00:31:27,440 --> 00:31:30,400 Speaker 1: China will get there. They are spending a significant amount 540 00:31:30,440 --> 00:31:33,760 Speaker 1: of money, They're building their own international space station. Actually 541 00:31:33,800 --> 00:31:36,400 Speaker 1: it's just a National Space station because it's just theirs. 542 00:31:37,120 --> 00:31:38,959 Speaker 1: So yeah, they'll be on the Moon for the National 543 00:31:39,000 --> 00:31:44,120 Speaker 1: Space Station. Yeah, that's uh. I mean, do we have 544 00:31:44,160 --> 00:31:47,960 Speaker 1: an article on who owns space? I know we have 545 00:31:48,000 --> 00:31:50,160 Speaker 1: who owns the oceans? We did that, but I mean 546 00:31:50,200 --> 00:31:52,680 Speaker 1: that's a valid thing. Well, let's find out. What if 547 00:31:52,680 --> 00:31:54,400 Speaker 1: Trya got up there and they're like, this is ours. 548 00:31:54,440 --> 00:31:56,800 Speaker 1: Now you can gotta you can see the moon base? 549 00:31:58,880 --> 00:32:01,560 Speaker 1: All right, we gotta do that. Alright, let's the moon 550 00:32:01,600 --> 00:32:03,600 Speaker 1: if you want to learn more about the Moon. And seriously, 551 00:32:03,600 --> 00:32:07,680 Speaker 1: there's some really handy graphs and illustrations in this type 552 00:32:07,680 --> 00:32:10,760 Speaker 1: in Moon in the search bar at how stuff works 553 00:32:10,800 --> 00:32:14,360 Speaker 1: dot com and that brings up listener mail hold on 554 00:32:14,440 --> 00:32:20,400 Speaker 1: their partner. We are going to plug our new audio 555 00:32:20,440 --> 00:32:22,959 Speaker 1: book that is available on iTunes, The super Stuff. It's 556 00:32:23,000 --> 00:32:26,720 Speaker 1: called The super Stuff Guide to Happiness. Features interviews and 557 00:32:27,720 --> 00:32:32,760 Speaker 1: Josh's niece, very cute niece, and um what else, great 558 00:32:32,800 --> 00:32:36,920 Speaker 1: sound design. We talked to Eric Wilson, who wrote the 559 00:32:36,920 --> 00:32:41,200 Speaker 1: book Against Happiness. Awesome Wake Forest professor. Great interviews in 560 00:32:41,200 --> 00:32:43,600 Speaker 1: this one. Yeah, um, and we we talked to a 561 00:32:43,680 --> 00:32:47,360 Speaker 1: bunch of great people, uh, and just really got into 562 00:32:47,560 --> 00:32:50,800 Speaker 1: what is happiness? What makes us happy? How how can 563 00:32:50,840 --> 00:32:53,959 Speaker 1: we possibly study happiness and just came up with some 564 00:32:53,960 --> 00:32:57,840 Speaker 1: pretty good answers. It's worth it. It's worth the three 565 00:32:58,480 --> 00:33:01,080 Speaker 1: or more in Australia, or if it makes you feel better, 566 00:33:01,120 --> 00:33:03,560 Speaker 1: divide that three ninety nine over the three hundred and 567 00:33:03,600 --> 00:33:08,320 Speaker 1: forty something shows nothing. That's almost just like a penny 568 00:33:08,360 --> 00:33:11,520 Speaker 1: of show. Yeah, not even except in Australia, where it's 569 00:33:11,520 --> 00:33:13,160 Speaker 1: gonna be more like a tough pence of show. Yeah. 570 00:33:13,160 --> 00:33:14,960 Speaker 1: We're gonna work that off over the next couple of 571 00:33:15,000 --> 00:33:18,640 Speaker 1: years to our AlSi friends. So it's on iTunes, the 572 00:33:18,760 --> 00:33:22,200 Speaker 1: Stuff You Should Know, super Stuff Guide to Happiness, and 573 00:33:22,400 --> 00:33:24,440 Speaker 1: when you search that on iTunes, it will probably bring 574 00:33:24,480 --> 00:33:28,200 Speaker 1: up the super Stuff Guide to uh the Economy, which 575 00:33:28,240 --> 00:33:31,520 Speaker 1: is pretty good listen to if you ask me. Agreed. Um. 576 00:33:31,600 --> 00:33:34,280 Speaker 1: And now that we've done this and we did it shamelessly, 577 00:33:34,520 --> 00:33:40,480 Speaker 1: that's right, it's time for listener mail again. Josh, we 578 00:33:40,640 --> 00:33:43,520 Speaker 1: called for a karma off. Send us your karma stories. 579 00:33:43,560 --> 00:33:46,480 Speaker 1: I'm gonna read one and uh, this is from a 580 00:33:46,560 --> 00:33:50,320 Speaker 1: dude in a band that I'm actually a fan of. Okay, 581 00:33:50,840 --> 00:33:54,360 Speaker 1: their name is Fang Island and they're awesome and they're 582 00:33:54,400 --> 00:33:56,360 Speaker 1: based in Brooklyn, New York now, although they're originally from 583 00:33:56,400 --> 00:33:59,840 Speaker 1: Rhode Island. And Jason Bartel, a Fang Island, wrote in 584 00:33:59,880 --> 00:34:02,880 Speaker 1: and said this, I've been joining the podcast for a while. 585 00:34:02,920 --> 00:34:05,080 Speaker 1: I'm in a touring band. It's been way too much 586 00:34:05,120 --> 00:34:08,040 Speaker 1: time in the van, so I welcome the opportunity to 587 00:34:08,080 --> 00:34:11,359 Speaker 1: keep my brain occupied. So thanks. And if people wrote 588 00:34:11,400 --> 00:34:14,000 Speaker 1: in with lots of karma stories, and if you think 589 00:34:14,000 --> 00:34:15,640 Speaker 1: I'm just reading this because I'm a fan of this 590 00:34:15,680 --> 00:34:18,960 Speaker 1: guy's band, then you're right. So I apologize if you 591 00:34:18,960 --> 00:34:22,200 Speaker 1: think your story was better. Uh. He went to college 592 00:34:22,200 --> 00:34:24,400 Speaker 1: in Providence, Rhode Island. Was driving home to New Hampshire 593 00:34:24,480 --> 00:34:27,560 Speaker 1: one holiday weekend and nearing the end of the trip, 594 00:34:27,600 --> 00:34:30,520 Speaker 1: there's a toll there and I had zero money in 595 00:34:30,600 --> 00:34:32,160 Speaker 1: my wallet and I was stuck in line. It was 596 00:34:32,200 --> 00:34:35,640 Speaker 1: too late. In hindsight, I was probably overly panicked, because 597 00:34:35,640 --> 00:34:38,279 Speaker 1: the penalty for not having enough money at a toll 598 00:34:38,320 --> 00:34:41,520 Speaker 1: in New Hampshire is probably pretty minuscule. Like they probably 599 00:34:41,520 --> 00:34:43,239 Speaker 1: would have said, don't worry about it. They're really nice 600 00:34:43,280 --> 00:34:47,120 Speaker 1: up there, you know, Yeah, you've ever been there. I 601 00:34:47,160 --> 00:34:49,520 Speaker 1: have not been in New Hampshire. But day yea Evermont, 602 00:34:49,520 --> 00:34:52,400 Speaker 1: They're all just like super nice holes. Uh. Nevertheless, I 603 00:34:52,440 --> 00:34:55,080 Speaker 1: started sweating, my heart was racing. I began scrounging for 604 00:34:55,160 --> 00:34:58,960 Speaker 1: loose change to no avail. Uh. One long shot scenario 605 00:34:59,000 --> 00:35:00,799 Speaker 1: that crossed my mind was maybe the car in front 606 00:35:00,800 --> 00:35:03,520 Speaker 1: of me would pay for me for some reason. But 607 00:35:03,600 --> 00:35:06,759 Speaker 1: I dismissed it, so I barely knew that I had 608 00:35:06,840 --> 00:35:08,880 Speaker 1: even thought it. But when it came time for me 609 00:35:08,960 --> 00:35:11,400 Speaker 1: to face the music, it turns out this is exactly 610 00:35:11,400 --> 00:35:14,040 Speaker 1: what happened. The operator said the car in front of 611 00:35:14,080 --> 00:35:17,040 Speaker 1: me covered my fare and said to have a nice day. 612 00:35:17,520 --> 00:35:20,200 Speaker 1: I was stunned. I have no idea still why they 613 00:35:20,200 --> 00:35:22,920 Speaker 1: paid for me, even sped up alongside them to give 614 00:35:23,000 --> 00:35:25,080 Speaker 1: him a thank you and wave my gun in and 615 00:35:25,120 --> 00:35:27,440 Speaker 1: tell him pull over. They want to ask them, but 616 00:35:27,480 --> 00:35:30,120 Speaker 1: they never acknowledged me. Normally, it would be stone cold 617 00:35:30,160 --> 00:35:32,320 Speaker 1: case of luck, except that I've actually done this before 618 00:35:32,360 --> 00:35:35,800 Speaker 1: for other people in the past. When I felt randomly charitable, 619 00:35:36,880 --> 00:35:38,800 Speaker 1: I realized this is probably the very definition of the 620 00:35:38,880 --> 00:35:42,800 Speaker 1: simplified New Age interpretation of karma that you were talking about. 621 00:35:43,480 --> 00:35:45,840 Speaker 1: But I was destruck by the almost cute one to 622 00:35:45,920 --> 00:35:50,360 Speaker 1: one ratio of this particular karmic transaction, and that is 623 00:35:50,440 --> 00:35:53,800 Speaker 1: Jason Bartel of Fang Island, who is a great band. 624 00:35:53,800 --> 00:35:55,919 Speaker 1: They got a eight point three review on their debut 625 00:35:55,960 --> 00:35:59,839 Speaker 1: album on Pitchfork, which is really Pitchfork. They're not kind 626 00:36:00,120 --> 00:36:03,160 Speaker 1: the bands usually, well that's not true. They they review 627 00:36:03,320 --> 00:36:05,879 Speaker 1: how they review, but at eight point three is good. 628 00:36:06,040 --> 00:36:08,879 Speaker 1: They're not sick of fans. They are not. They will 629 00:36:09,160 --> 00:36:11,000 Speaker 1: they will trash your record if they don't like it. 630 00:36:11,840 --> 00:36:14,439 Speaker 1: So they're they're awesome, and go see them. They're on tour. 631 00:36:14,600 --> 00:36:16,799 Speaker 1: I think said they might be come through Atlanta as 632 00:36:16,800 --> 00:36:19,040 Speaker 1: false maybe if you want to say saying them again 633 00:36:19,680 --> 00:36:22,520 Speaker 1: Bang Island. Okay. They opened up for Flaming Lips a 634 00:36:22,520 --> 00:36:23,960 Speaker 1: lot on this last tour, so that should tell you 635 00:36:24,040 --> 00:36:27,359 Speaker 1: something about their Their sound very cool, but they sound 636 00:36:27,400 --> 00:36:29,359 Speaker 1: like the Flaming Lips there, No, I mean a lot 637 00:36:29,360 --> 00:36:32,799 Speaker 1: of it's instrumental. I mean they're just insanely talented and uh, 638 00:36:33,800 --> 00:36:38,240 Speaker 1: their self described sound is quote everyone high fiving everyone, 639 00:36:38,840 --> 00:36:41,200 Speaker 1: and he's kind of right. It sounds like how I 640 00:36:41,200 --> 00:36:45,480 Speaker 1: would describe the Go Team. Uh. Yeah, they have been 641 00:36:45,480 --> 00:36:49,759 Speaker 1: compared to them, although this is like a three guitar onslaught, 642 00:36:50,880 --> 00:36:53,680 Speaker 1: but it's like happy music. It's not like Explosions in 643 00:36:53,680 --> 00:36:57,000 Speaker 1: the Sky. Got type of instrumental stuff, and they got 644 00:36:57,000 --> 00:36:59,160 Speaker 1: words too. It's just not like the first course type 645 00:36:59,160 --> 00:37:04,840 Speaker 1: of songs. They clients and scissors very unique. Goodness me, 646 00:37:05,160 --> 00:37:06,719 Speaker 1: that was a plug and a half. Well, if you 647 00:37:06,840 --> 00:37:09,640 Speaker 1: have a band that you think Chuck likes, he wants 648 00:37:09,680 --> 00:37:13,080 Speaker 1: to hear about it. I really do. Actually I don't like, Like, 649 00:37:13,160 --> 00:37:15,399 Speaker 1: what if one of my heroes listens to the show 650 00:37:15,440 --> 00:37:18,799 Speaker 1: and I'll never know? Or what if it's a new 651 00:37:18,840 --> 00:37:21,760 Speaker 1: band that you've never heard of yet? Well, that too, Okay, 652 00:37:22,200 --> 00:37:24,480 Speaker 1: you should contact Chuck like David Bowie. What if he 653 00:37:24,520 --> 00:37:28,759 Speaker 1: listens David Bowie does not listen. You're right. You can 654 00:37:28,840 --> 00:37:32,280 Speaker 1: contact Chuck and me. We're both on the same email address. 655 00:37:32,520 --> 00:37:36,280 Speaker 1: You just need to direct it toward us at Stuff 656 00:37:36,400 --> 00:37:45,080 Speaker 1: Podcast at how stuff works dot com. Be sure to 657 00:37:45,160 --> 00:37:47,920 Speaker 1: check out our new video podcast, Stuff from the Future. 658 00:37:48,280 --> 00:37:50,600 Speaker 1: Join how Stuff Work staff as we explore the most 659 00:37:50,600 --> 00:37:56,759 Speaker 1: promising and perplexing possibilities of tomorrow, brought to you by 660 00:37:56,760 --> 00:38:00,120 Speaker 1: the reinvented two thousand twelve Camray. It's ready, are you