WEBVTT - Chaos Factor: ARKF, 10Q, 10%

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<v Speaker 1>Bloomberg Audio Studios, podcasts, radio news. So you're on vacation

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<v Speaker 1>next week.

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<v Speaker 2>I am. I'll be in the mountains of Colorado. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 2>you know, the snow isn't great this time of year,

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<v Speaker 2>but you know, love of the game.

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<v Speaker 1>What are you going to do for money stuff?

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<v Speaker 2>We should do something?

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<v Speaker 1>Should we should have some mail bags.

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<v Speaker 2>We should have some mail bags. I will log onto

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<v Speaker 2>zoom for an hour and we'll take questions from the audience. Okay,

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<v Speaker 2>not live, not live, but that would be fun maybe

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<v Speaker 2>one day.

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<v Speaker 1>Right, So, if you want Katie to answer questions with

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<v Speaker 1>Colorado with me, send them to us now.

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<v Speaker 2>We need them. Should we tell them where to send questions?

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<v Speaker 1>I believe it's money pot at Bloomberg dot Net.

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<v Speaker 2>That sounds right it, Yeah, just yell them into the

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<v Speaker 2>sky and it'll get to us.

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<v Speaker 1>Definitely, don't have me on Twitter.

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<v Speaker 2>Do you still go on Twitter?

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<v Speaker 1>Not never, but I don't look at my notifications or

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<v Speaker 1>dms anymore. Yeah, I'm pretty much.

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<v Speaker 2>It's kind of sad.

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<v Speaker 1>It's really sad. This is like, you know, especially life.

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<v Speaker 2>That's the thing, Like the pandemic, it scratched so many

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<v Speaker 2>social issues. I don't know. I still go on all

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<v Speaker 2>the time. But I don't tweet as much anymore.

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<v Speaker 1>I don't. I'm not like performatively quitting. But I still

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<v Speaker 1>like tweet my columns when I remember too.

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<v Speaker 2>But yeah, I used to tweet a cat, like my

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<v Speaker 2>Friday cat.

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<v Speaker 1>I remember some of your Twitter sticks. I feel like

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<v Speaker 1>you had good Twitter.

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<v Speaker 2>I did have good sticks. No, And like yesterday on

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<v Speaker 2>FED Day, usually I tweet time for the best day

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<v Speaker 2>of our lives. I haven't done that in a while.

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<v Speaker 2>I feel like, you know, no longer the best day everlast.

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<v Speaker 3>No, Yesterday, Yeah, yesterday was the best day of your life.

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<v Speaker 2>No, it was fine. I mean they cut they cut

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<v Speaker 2>twenty five base points, which is pretty cool. Would have

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<v Speaker 2>been awesome for the chaos factor if they either held

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<v Speaker 2>rates or cut fifty basis points.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah. Yeah, you want to just like, yeah, expectations.

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<v Speaker 2>Want to burn the world down.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah yeah yeah.

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<v Speaker 2>But I really just want to talk about.

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<v Speaker 1>This is going to be that's the first thing, clanging, transition,

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<v Speaker 1>whatever is on paper in front of me.

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<v Speaker 2>I really want to talk about the arc innovation, ETF

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<v Speaker 2>and whatever the heck is going on with these IPO trades.

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<v Speaker 1>That was pretty good.

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<v Speaker 2>It has been every day I wake.

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<v Speaker 1>Up none of that. Hello, and welcome to The Money

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<v Speaker 1>Stuff Podcast, your weekly podcast where we talk about stuff

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<v Speaker 1>related to money. I'm Matt Levien and I wrte the

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<v Speaker 1>Money Stuff column for Bloomberg Opinion.

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<v Speaker 2>And I'm Katie Greifeld, a reporter for Bloomberg News and

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<v Speaker 2>an anchor for Bloomberg Television.

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<v Speaker 1>Katie, I gather that you're fascinated by r gtfs.

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<v Speaker 2>I opened my eyes in the morning horizontal in debt,

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<v Speaker 2>and I just think about heartbeat trades. Yeah, but this

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<v Speaker 2>isn't strictly a heartbeat.

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<v Speaker 1>I don't know exactly what the qualification.

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<v Speaker 2>If you take a look at the chart of inflows

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<v Speaker 2>and outflows, it looks like a heartbeat, but I don't

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<v Speaker 2>think that there are taxes involved.

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<v Speaker 1>It's not a tax heart beat, but is a different

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<v Speaker 1>kind of heartbeat. Yeah, right, So runs some ETFs. Kathy

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<v Speaker 1>would famous part of her ETF active manager and because

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<v Speaker 1>they're like active dfs, and because she's like a celebrity

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<v Speaker 1>tech investor, they get to invest in hot tech IPOs,

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<v Speaker 1>which hasn't been a thing for a long time, but

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<v Speaker 1>it's coming back, right, There's been some hot tech ips

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<v Speaker 1>so much have gone up a lot and so this

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<v Speaker 1>RTF gets to get small ish allocations in some hot

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<v Speaker 1>tech IPOs, and if you think those IPOs will go up,

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<v Speaker 1>you'll be like, oh, I'd like to invest in this

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<v Speaker 1>RKTF to get my tiny se life exposure to that.

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<v Speaker 1>But if you're really tidy minded about it, you're like, well,

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<v Speaker 1>I don't want all the other stuff in the CTF.

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<v Speaker 1>I just want this IPO exposure. I can't get the

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<v Speaker 1>IPO exposure myself because I am not on the list

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<v Speaker 1>of people who get allocated shares on these IPOs. But

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<v Speaker 1>I can get exposure to the ETF because anyone can

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<v Speaker 1>get exposure to the EDF. And then the further thought

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<v Speaker 1>you could have is I could hedge my exposure to

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<v Speaker 1>everything else on the ETF by, you know, for instance,

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<v Speaker 1>shorting all of the stocks that are currently in the ETF,

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<v Speaker 1>which it discloses, so that i'd be left with you know,

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<v Speaker 1>if you're long the ETF and short all of the

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<v Speaker 1>stocks in the ETF, you're left only with like the

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<v Speaker 1>possibility of it getting an IPO allocation and the IPO

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<v Speaker 1>going up. And so it seems like people are doing

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<v Speaker 1>some sort of trade like that, and the best way

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<v Speaker 1>to operationalize that trade is not to buy the ETF

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<v Speaker 1>and short the stocks. The best way to do it

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<v Speaker 1>is to borrow all of the stocks that are in

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<v Speaker 1>the ETF, deliver them to ARC, to the ETF to

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<v Speaker 1>create the ETF, get back shares of the ETF. Now

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<v Speaker 1>you have the ETF and you're effectively short the underlying

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<v Speaker 1>slides because you bar them and gave them to ARC.

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<v Speaker 1>And then when the IPEA happens, you reverse the trade.

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<v Speaker 1>You deliver back the shares, get back the underlying stuff,

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<v Speaker 1>You deliver the underlying stuff back to your share lender,

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<v Speaker 1>and you're left with only the popped IPO.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah. I guess what I don't understand about this is

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<v Speaker 2>how big of a gamble is it to do this

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<v Speaker 2>in the ARC Innovation ETF. Like, I wonder if the

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<v Speaker 2>person or whoever was behind this trade knew for sure

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<v Speaker 2>that they're getting allocated some of Klarna or some of Bullish.

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<v Speaker 1>My impression is that in Bullish it was pretty telegraphed

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<v Speaker 1>that ARC was getting some of it. But I'm not sure.

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<v Speaker 1>These are trades that have been going on, and like

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<v Speaker 1>they went on with the ipea of Bullish a while back,

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<v Speaker 1>and then Klarina last week and Robin Wiggils at the

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<v Speaker 1>ft has been reporting about it. But like my impression

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<v Speaker 1>is that the main the flagship Arc Innovation ETF got

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<v Speaker 1>an allocation in Bullish and not in Klarina. R ETF

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<v Speaker 1>got an allegation in Klina like f. Yeah, so like

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<v Speaker 1>people did this. I mean, no one really knows, but

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<v Speaker 1>it looks like this trade, right, it looks like the

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<v Speaker 1>trade is you heart beat in you like borrow the

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<v Speaker 1>underlying shows you heart beat into the ETF, you take

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<v Speaker 1>your stuff out the next day to capture the IPO.

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<v Speaker 1>It looks like people did that with our innovation around

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<v Speaker 1>the Clarina IPO and there was no allegation, And so

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<v Speaker 1>I just like missed. It's not a huge risk yause

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<v Speaker 1>you know, you're long in short the same thing.

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<v Speaker 2>Basically, I'm just wondering, like I wonder if we'll start

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<v Speaker 2>to see this pop up in other sort of shiny

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<v Speaker 2>active ETFs.

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<v Speaker 1>Sure, I don't know how many shiny active ETFs there.

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<v Speaker 2>There's not a ton, but there's definitely some that you

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<v Speaker 2>might think would get allocated.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, Like in general, you know, index ones don't buy

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<v Speaker 1>IPOs because they're not in the index, and so you

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<v Speaker 1>don't see you know, the traditional ETFs, you don't see

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<v Speaker 1>this as a big thing. But like someone like Kathy

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<v Speaker 1>Wood who is an investor and yeah stive tech companies,

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<v Speaker 1>it does make sense that she would be interested in

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<v Speaker 1>buying an IPOs. And it does make sense that someone

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<v Speaker 1>would notice that and be like, I can create my

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<v Speaker 1>own IPR allocation by engineering the r ETFs.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, because, for example, there's an ETF dedicated just to

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<v Speaker 2>buying IPO stocks, like recent IPO stocks.

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<v Speaker 1>Which accomplishes nothing whatsoever. I know, the trade here is

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<v Speaker 1>the IPO pop.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah.

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<v Speaker 1>Trade here is not Klarna, it's the IPO pop.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, it's the one day Yeah. I don't think they're

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<v Speaker 2>getting allocated IPOs.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah. I mean, like maybe that's the next step. Right,

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<v Speaker 1>you're like, hey, guys, I buy all the IPOs, want

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<v Speaker 1>to allocate be an IPO. But then, you know, traditionally

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<v Speaker 1>the way you get allocated an IPI is like one,

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<v Speaker 1>you are a big investor who pays a lot of

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<v Speaker 1>commissions to a bank, and two you are a long

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<v Speaker 1>term investor who creates a good relationship with the management

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<v Speaker 1>of the company. So the company is like I want

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<v Speaker 1>those people to own seven percent of my stock, so

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<v Speaker 1>I'm going to allocate them in the IPO and then

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<v Speaker 1>like you have like a nice relationship where you are

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<v Speaker 1>a long term holder you on the stock. You have

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<v Speaker 1>a nice marked market gain because they sold you the

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<v Speaker 1>stock of the IPI price. Those are the people that

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<v Speaker 1>the banks and the companies want to allocate at the IPO.

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<v Speaker 1>Someone whose businesses I buy recent IPOs and then sell

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<v Speaker 1>them when they're no longer recent.

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<v Speaker 2>It's not that good, yeah, And it's also a smaller

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<v Speaker 2>funds of millions.

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<v Speaker 1>Right. Like when you're a bank and a company and

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<v Speaker 1>you're allocating the IPO, you're in many cases literally sitting

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<v Speaker 1>down with a list and going through it and being

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<v Speaker 1>like these guys are good to give it, you know,

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<v Speaker 1>and you don't want to have a thousand names on

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<v Speaker 1>that list and get to like, we're gonna give this

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<v Speaker 1>guy fifty shares, right, Yeah, you want to be efficient, right,

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<v Speaker 1>So if you have a big investor, you get them

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<v Speaker 1>a big, big slug of shares. So right, because Kathywood

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<v Speaker 1>is a celebrity because of the argannivation ATF is pretty

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<v Speaker 1>big because she is a long term supporter of like some.

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<v Speaker 2>Of the company take her five year time for him,

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<v Speaker 2>Like she's a.

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<v Speaker 1>Good institution and that to have in your stock, and

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<v Speaker 1>so it makes sense that she gets alecated ips. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>but it's not obvious that every IVTF but also would

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<v Speaker 1>have the same benefit.

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<v Speaker 2>This isn't something that I've sawt comment on, but I

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<v Speaker 2>do wonder how Kathy would and the ARC team feel

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<v Speaker 2>about this trade.

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<v Speaker 1>Oh yeah, like assuming this trade is what it seems like,

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<v Speaker 1>which is someone massively inflating the assets of.

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<v Speaker 2>These ETFs by billions of dollars.

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<v Speaker 1>Billions of dollars for like a week in order to

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<v Speaker 1>extract a large chunk of the IPO pop. Right, Like

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<v Speaker 1>the RCF trade was like on the order of like

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<v Speaker 1>you know, it's like a one ish billion dollar ETF

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<v Speaker 1>and someone pumped in on the order of like seven

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<v Speaker 1>hundred million dollars. I might be a little wrong about that, Billy.

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<v Speaker 1>It's like that kind of thing. It's like basically doubling

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<v Speaker 1>the size of the ETF. When you do that, you

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<v Speaker 1>now own half of the ETF and then you take

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<v Speaker 1>your money out, So you take out half of the ETF.

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<v Speaker 1>It also means you take out half of essentially the

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<v Speaker 1>IPO shows, right, So the person doing this or the

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<v Speaker 1>people doing this are extracting kind of half of that

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<v Speaker 1>IPO pop for themselves, meaning that the long term retail

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<v Speaker 1>investors who love Kathy Wood and are you know, invested

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<v Speaker 1>in the ETF don't get that half of the ip

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<v Speaker 1>but that just goes to someone who is just doing

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<v Speaker 1>this arbitrage. So they must feel bad about it. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>it's not good. It's not like what they want. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>they do extract like an extra two days of management vice.

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<v Speaker 2>But can they stop it? Though?

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<v Speaker 1>You know, when I read about it, I was like,

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<v Speaker 1>you call them up and you say, I'd like to

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<v Speaker 1>pump a billion dollars in and you say yes, because

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<v Speaker 1>that's life in the ETF business, like it is the

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<v Speaker 1>point of an ETF is like people can create and redeem.

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<v Speaker 1>There is like there are ways to I believe, you know,

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<v Speaker 1>most ttfs like have ways to limit, you know, creations

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<v Speaker 1>and redemptions.

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<v Speaker 2>I don't know. I mean, you can't stop money flowing

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<v Speaker 2>in or out, but not every inflow or outflow has

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<v Speaker 2>to result in the creation or redemption.

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<v Speaker 1>That's what an inflow is.

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<v Speaker 2>No, but people always say that it does isn't necessarily

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<v Speaker 2>always created creation or redemption. They give enough. People are

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<v Speaker 2>letting each other out.

0:11:07.520 --> 0:11:09.520
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, but like net inflows create creations.

0:11:10.360 --> 0:11:11.640
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, net inflows.

0:11:11.679 --> 0:11:14.760
<v Speaker 1>But I'm saying they can't sell people trading on the exchange.

0:11:14.760 --> 0:11:16.200
<v Speaker 1>But this is not a trade on the exchange. This

0:11:16.280 --> 0:11:18.960
<v Speaker 1>is a creation. Yeah, okay, it creates to make sense,

0:11:18.960 --> 0:11:21.040
<v Speaker 1>it's a creation. It does to make sense. Someone has

0:11:21.080 --> 0:11:23.120
<v Speaker 1>borrowed a big package of the underlying, delivered it to

0:11:23.160 --> 0:11:25.880
<v Speaker 1>the ETF and gotten out these shares, which is why

0:11:26.120 --> 0:11:29.560
<v Speaker 1>you see this heartbeat. Look where the assets of the

0:11:29.559 --> 0:11:30.920
<v Speaker 1>ETF increase.

0:11:30.960 --> 0:11:34.679
<v Speaker 2>All yeah, okay, fair, okay, Then how would they limit that?

0:11:35.600 --> 0:11:38.000
<v Speaker 1>One answer is like the person doing this is either

0:11:38.120 --> 0:11:40.679
<v Speaker 1>an authorized participant in the ETF, like someone who has

0:11:40.720 --> 0:11:43.440
<v Speaker 1>a relationship with ARC. Yeah, you can create and redeem shares,

0:11:43.800 --> 0:11:46.920
<v Speaker 1>or they're like some hedge fund working through an authorised participant,

0:11:46.960 --> 0:11:48.720
<v Speaker 1>because again you have to do a creation. So like

0:11:49.000 --> 0:11:52.120
<v Speaker 1>these assets are coming into the ETF from someone and

0:11:52.160 --> 0:11:56.440
<v Speaker 1>the ETF can say, hey, knock that off, yeah, or

0:11:56.600 --> 0:11:58.920
<v Speaker 1>you'll stop being an authorised participant. Right, Yeah, it's one

0:11:59.000 --> 0:12:02.480
<v Speaker 1>fairly STRAIGHTFORARDA. I assume most ttfs have some other way

0:12:02.520 --> 0:12:06.600
<v Speaker 1>to like limit creations to avoid getting too big or

0:12:06.720 --> 0:12:07.199
<v Speaker 1>you know.

0:12:07.400 --> 0:12:08.320
<v Speaker 2>I don't know if they do.

0:12:08.559 --> 0:12:09.200
<v Speaker 1>I don't know either.

0:12:09.320 --> 0:12:11.520
<v Speaker 2>There was a recent example of this. You had this

0:12:11.840 --> 0:12:16.200
<v Speaker 2>one very popular small cap funds ticker CALF, which ended

0:12:16.280 --> 0:12:20.360
<v Speaker 2>up switching indexes because I think at one point, like

0:12:20.440 --> 0:12:24.280
<v Speaker 2>for its holdings, it held like more than twenty percent

0:12:24.360 --> 0:12:25.880
<v Speaker 2>of the outstanding shares.

0:12:25.920 --> 0:12:27.240
<v Speaker 1>And you should be able to stop that.

0:12:27.800 --> 0:12:29.600
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, but you can't, like you have to like switch

0:12:29.640 --> 0:12:30.400
<v Speaker 2>your strategy.

0:12:31.480 --> 0:12:32.880
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I don't know if they can stop it and

0:12:33.040 --> 0:12:33.520
<v Speaker 1>haven't yet.

0:12:33.679 --> 0:12:35.840
<v Speaker 2>I don't know either. But you do touch on the

0:12:35.840 --> 0:12:36.480
<v Speaker 2>fact that this.

0:12:36.400 --> 0:12:41.840
<v Speaker 1>Is the thing, like the rketfs are like a modern

0:12:41.960 --> 0:12:45.040
<v Speaker 1>rapper for like Cathy would running an investment fund. But like,

0:12:45.160 --> 0:12:48.360
<v Speaker 1>also ETFs are plumbing, right, And we've talked about like

0:12:48.640 --> 0:12:51.000
<v Speaker 1>portfolio trades in the bond market, Right, Like an ETF

0:12:51.080 --> 0:12:53.800
<v Speaker 1>is like a piece of plumbing that allows people to

0:12:53.840 --> 0:12:56.400
<v Speaker 1>do bond trades. Right. This is like a portfolio trade, right.

0:12:56.640 --> 0:12:58.880
<v Speaker 1>This is like it's a widget that you can take

0:12:58.920 --> 0:13:01.120
<v Speaker 1>down and be like, I'm going to distract the IPO

0:13:01.240 --> 0:13:03.560
<v Speaker 1>value out of this ETF, and so you can just

0:13:03.640 --> 0:13:07.320
<v Speaker 1>do it. And it just operates independently in the stock

0:13:07.360 --> 0:13:09.120
<v Speaker 1>market and has its own set of rules, and like

0:13:09.200 --> 0:13:12.280
<v Speaker 1>you know, Kathy would is actively managing it, but it's

0:13:12.320 --> 0:13:14.800
<v Speaker 1>like it's not purely her investment vehicle. It's also this

0:13:15.040 --> 0:13:18.360
<v Speaker 1>like you know, pre property.

0:13:17.800 --> 0:13:20.720
<v Speaker 2>Of the market. Yeah, that's an interesting way to look

0:13:20.720 --> 0:13:24.360
<v Speaker 2>at it, that it's basically just a portfolio trade, but inequities.

0:13:24.559 --> 0:13:26.600
<v Speaker 1>It's almost the reverse of a portfolio trade, right. A

0:13:26.600 --> 0:13:29.000
<v Speaker 1>portfolio trade is like you have a bunch of bonds

0:13:29.440 --> 0:13:31.280
<v Speaker 1>and you go to a market maker and you're like,

0:13:31.280 --> 0:13:32.720
<v Speaker 1>I want to sell this bunch of bonds and the

0:13:32.720 --> 0:13:35.520
<v Speaker 1>market maker is like, wow, you can probably squeeze most

0:13:35.520 --> 0:13:37.560
<v Speaker 1>of them into an ETF and I'll take the rest,

0:13:37.640 --> 0:13:39.720
<v Speaker 1>and you can sort of like squeeze your stuff into

0:13:39.720 --> 0:13:41.880
<v Speaker 1>these you have here. It's like, I'm going to extract

0:13:41.920 --> 0:13:46.160
<v Speaker 1>exactly one security from the ETF. And it's the reverse

0:13:46.200 --> 0:13:46.439
<v Speaker 1>of the.

0:13:46.360 --> 0:13:48.760
<v Speaker 2>Portfolio Ty, I want the needle, forget about all the

0:13:48.800 --> 0:13:51.600
<v Speaker 2>hay and you can just do it. Yeah, I was

0:13:51.640 --> 0:13:53.360
<v Speaker 2>gonna say, you do touch on the fact that this

0:13:53.440 --> 0:13:56.840
<v Speaker 2>is a fun who done it? Like, who is doing this?

0:13:57.120 --> 0:14:00.320
<v Speaker 2>And it has to be a fairly small universe of

0:14:00.480 --> 0:14:01.760
<v Speaker 2>potential suspects.

0:14:02.200 --> 0:14:04.280
<v Speaker 1>It seems to me that the most logical person to

0:14:04.280 --> 0:14:06.679
<v Speaker 1>do it would be one of the authorized participants who

0:14:06.720 --> 0:14:09.120
<v Speaker 1>can trade directly with the fund. Yeah, but maybe that's

0:14:09.120 --> 0:14:12.600
<v Speaker 1>like a little too confrontational and it's like someone trading

0:14:12.600 --> 0:14:13.720
<v Speaker 1>through an authorised participant.

0:14:13.920 --> 0:14:17.080
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, let's see. I don't want to name names necessarily,

0:14:17.559 --> 0:14:20.600
<v Speaker 2>but I mean, you look at some of ARC's filings,

0:14:20.680 --> 0:14:22.880
<v Speaker 2>it looks like they're aps, or at least the busiest

0:14:22.920 --> 0:14:28.080
<v Speaker 2>aps are Hudson River, Jane Street, Avian Amro, Bank of America,

0:14:28.280 --> 0:14:29.600
<v Speaker 2>Bnpever two, et cetera.

0:14:29.800 --> 0:14:32.520
<v Speaker 1>So right, the normal people.

0:14:32.640 --> 0:14:36.200
<v Speaker 2>Anyway, if you're the one behind the ARC trade right

0:14:36.400 --> 0:14:38.280
<v Speaker 2>some money pod at Bloomberg dot net.

0:14:38.480 --> 0:14:40.800
<v Speaker 1>I feel like at this point, like this has been

0:14:40.840 --> 0:14:44.440
<v Speaker 1>pretty widely rumbored and like praised, and if someone's going

0:14:44.440 --> 0:14:46.200
<v Speaker 1>to claim credit for that, they would have been like, yeah,

0:14:46.280 --> 0:14:48.400
<v Speaker 1>we did that. I feel like there's probably some reason

0:14:48.440 --> 0:14:51.560
<v Speaker 1>not to claim credit for it. Also, it's like imitatable, right,

0:14:51.640 --> 0:14:54.520
<v Speaker 1>like now anyone can do it, that's true. I don't

0:14:54.560 --> 0:14:56.800
<v Speaker 1>know how many opportunities there will be to do it.

0:14:56.720 --> 0:15:00.640
<v Speaker 2>It seems like a lot of squeezing for not like

0:15:00.960 --> 0:15:01.640
<v Speaker 2>enough juice.

0:15:01.680 --> 0:15:05.360
<v Speaker 3>But I don't know, you know, it's like a few

0:15:05.440 --> 0:15:11.600
<v Speaker 3>days of Stockboro cost Yeah, for potentially like low tens

0:15:11.600 --> 0:15:12.840
<v Speaker 3>of millions of dollars of games.

0:15:12.880 --> 0:15:16.520
<v Speaker 1>It's like it's it's real. I will say though that like,

0:15:16.520 --> 0:15:18.080
<v Speaker 1>like if I had the guess, I would say that,

0:15:18.120 --> 0:15:22.760
<v Speaker 1>like this trade became exciting when there was that rash

0:15:22.760 --> 0:15:25.160
<v Speaker 1>of IPOs that like went up one hundred percent. Yeah,

0:15:25.240 --> 0:15:28.120
<v Speaker 1>and then like they actually did it and like bullish

0:15:28.160 --> 0:15:31.480
<v Speaker 1>IPOs did well and Clarina which did fine, and then

0:15:33.000 --> 0:15:35.720
<v Speaker 1>I think we talked about this, like the IPOs earlier

0:15:35.800 --> 0:15:37.880
<v Speaker 1>this year had the huge pops because no one had

0:15:37.880 --> 0:15:40.880
<v Speaker 1>seen an ipo in years, and now it's like, yeah,

0:15:41.000 --> 0:15:42.760
<v Speaker 1>you know, like stuff had went public this week and

0:15:42.800 --> 0:15:45.760
<v Speaker 1>went down right, So it's not as exciting a trade now.

0:15:45.840 --> 0:15:47.720
<v Speaker 1>I like, you're not expecting one hundred percent pop in

0:15:47.760 --> 0:15:48.280
<v Speaker 1>every APA.

0:15:48.440 --> 0:15:51.440
<v Speaker 2>That's true. So maybe it was just a brief, sweet

0:15:52.000 --> 0:15:54.400
<v Speaker 2>moment in time. But it'll be fun to see if

0:15:54.400 --> 0:16:11.360
<v Speaker 2>this continues and if it's sprints. So you know how

0:16:11.400 --> 0:16:18.120
<v Speaker 2>I anchor a financial news TV show. Okay, well, surprise,

0:16:18.360 --> 0:16:21.080
<v Speaker 2>That's what I do when I leave this room. It's

0:16:21.120 --> 0:16:23.760
<v Speaker 2>called the Clothes. It's from three to five pm daily.

0:16:24.240 --> 0:16:26.640
<v Speaker 2>This isn't just a plug. I bring it up because

0:16:27.000 --> 0:16:31.080
<v Speaker 2>after the closing bell usually companies report their earnings and

0:16:31.120 --> 0:16:35.480
<v Speaker 2>because the US follows a quarterly earning schedule, that means

0:16:35.480 --> 0:16:39.640
<v Speaker 2>that there's almost always earnings to break on air, which

0:16:39.680 --> 0:16:44.120
<v Speaker 2>is exciting and I look forward to it. But maybe

0:16:44.160 --> 0:16:47.040
<v Speaker 2>now instead of doing that four times a year, I'll

0:16:47.040 --> 0:16:48.000
<v Speaker 2>only do it twice a year.

0:16:53.880 --> 0:16:55.120
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I'm like, now.

0:16:56.560 --> 0:16:57.360
<v Speaker 2>I bring this up.

0:16:57.720 --> 0:17:01.000
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, you bring it up because present Trump is just

0:17:01.120 --> 0:17:04.399
<v Speaker 1>randomly out there being like, yeah, hey, if the SEC

0:17:04.520 --> 0:17:07.560
<v Speaker 1>wants to, we could move to six month reporting for

0:17:07.640 --> 0:17:10.080
<v Speaker 1>companies instead of reporting every three months.

0:17:10.080 --> 0:17:11.560
<v Speaker 2>I'm surprised he cares.

0:17:12.080 --> 0:17:16.239
<v Speaker 1>You know, someone mentioned it to him, so it just

0:17:16.240 --> 0:17:17.760
<v Speaker 1>as Sabody cares cares.

0:17:17.880 --> 0:17:21.480
<v Speaker 2>It seems like a off the beaten track issue for him.

0:17:21.560 --> 0:17:24.159
<v Speaker 1>He tried it last time, he did back before the

0:17:24.240 --> 0:17:27.160
<v Speaker 1>unitary executive It is an odd thing to care about

0:17:27.240 --> 0:17:31.359
<v Speaker 1>in the scheme of things. Yeah, but it marginally increases

0:17:32.119 --> 0:17:36.639
<v Speaker 1>the power and reduces the oversight over corporate executives, right, Like,

0:17:36.680 --> 0:17:38.600
<v Speaker 1>if you only have to report every six months, then

0:17:39.760 --> 0:17:42.560
<v Speaker 1>you have more time to do stuff without anyone paying

0:17:42.600 --> 0:17:45.680
<v Speaker 1>attention to it. That's probably good for like the lifestyle

0:17:45.720 --> 0:17:46.720
<v Speaker 1>of corporate executives.

0:17:46.760 --> 0:17:49.000
<v Speaker 2>Well, I was going to say I love this topic

0:17:49.080 --> 0:17:52.840
<v Speaker 2>because I can honestly see both sides of the argument,

0:17:53.359 --> 0:17:59.480
<v Speaker 2>one being Okay, the quarterly reporting schedule investors like transparency.

0:17:59.680 --> 0:18:02.760
<v Speaker 2>That's proven, we should have as much information as we

0:18:02.800 --> 0:18:06.199
<v Speaker 2>possibly can. But then on the other side, three months

0:18:06.400 --> 0:18:09.880
<v Speaker 2>is arbitrary, and I could be persuaded that it does

0:18:10.000 --> 0:18:13.000
<v Speaker 2>incentivize shorter term thinking on some level.

0:18:13.280 --> 0:18:15.600
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I think a lot about this, Like there's no

0:18:15.760 --> 0:18:19.240
<v Speaker 1>like necessary reason that reporting every three months should encourage

0:18:19.280 --> 0:18:21.800
<v Speaker 1>shorter term thinking. Like it's just like a mistake to

0:18:21.840 --> 0:18:25.119
<v Speaker 1>think that investors only care about next quarter's earnings, right,

0:18:25.160 --> 0:18:28.399
<v Speaker 1>and like the shorter the reporting cycle than like the

0:18:28.520 --> 0:18:31.080
<v Speaker 1>less long term they'll care about. Like that can't be true, right,

0:18:31.119 --> 0:18:33.440
<v Speaker 1>Like companies report every three months and they report guidance

0:18:33.440 --> 0:18:35.680
<v Speaker 1>and they report like, you know, their investments for the

0:18:35.720 --> 0:18:37.520
<v Speaker 1>long term, and like people understand that.

0:18:38.119 --> 0:18:39.760
<v Speaker 2>I think you're being really generous.

0:18:40.160 --> 0:18:42.320
<v Speaker 1>Like everyone loves to say that the US stock market

0:18:42.359 --> 0:18:44.560
<v Speaker 1>only rewards short term thinking, and like, you know who

0:18:44.560 --> 0:18:46.639
<v Speaker 1>really loves to say that is Elon Musk. Yeah, who's

0:18:46.680 --> 0:18:49.680
<v Speaker 1>like got a you know, trillion dollar company and did

0:18:49.680 --> 0:18:51.360
<v Speaker 1>for a long time before it made money, right, and

0:18:51.400 --> 0:18:53.840
<v Speaker 1>like even now its valuation is entirely based on like ooh,

0:18:54.080 --> 0:18:56.399
<v Speaker 1>robots in the future. Yeah, it's just like false to

0:18:56.440 --> 0:18:58.880
<v Speaker 1>think that the US stock market only cares about next

0:18:58.960 --> 0:19:01.679
<v Speaker 1>quarters earnings, right, Yeah, there's just like no reason to

0:19:01.720 --> 0:19:04.000
<v Speaker 1>think that. Now. Yeah, it is the case that, like

0:19:04.560 --> 0:19:08.120
<v Speaker 1>there is volatility around quarterly earnings, right, Like people do

0:19:08.640 --> 0:19:12.080
<v Speaker 1>look at quarterly earnings and use them as a data

0:19:12.119 --> 0:19:15.080
<v Speaker 1>point to extrapolate future earnings. And if you have bad

0:19:15.119 --> 0:19:17.800
<v Speaker 1>earnings this quarter, people are like, oh, maybe they're not

0:19:17.840 --> 0:19:19.679
<v Speaker 1>gonna have good earnings in the long run, right, and

0:19:19.720 --> 0:19:22.159
<v Speaker 1>so like there are like high frequency data points, but

0:19:22.640 --> 0:19:25.000
<v Speaker 1>it's not logically entailed that, like if you report every

0:19:25.000 --> 0:19:27.919
<v Speaker 1>three months, then people only pay attention to three month earnings, right,

0:19:27.960 --> 0:19:30.840
<v Speaker 1>And that's clearly the case that, Yeah, it does long

0:19:30.920 --> 0:19:32.320
<v Speaker 1>term bets get made.

0:19:32.440 --> 0:19:35.600
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, it just does introduce volatility into the stock price.

0:19:35.680 --> 0:19:38.879
<v Speaker 2>And you could see a CEO who's you know, getting

0:19:38.880 --> 0:19:43.800
<v Speaker 2>beaten up on his earnings call maybe doing things to

0:19:43.840 --> 0:19:44.520
<v Speaker 2>minimize that.

0:19:45.160 --> 0:19:49.800
<v Speaker 1>Yes, but it's or her I think about Cliff is

0:19:49.840 --> 0:19:52.720
<v Speaker 1>this point about volatility laundering, where you know, if you

0:19:52.840 --> 0:19:57.160
<v Speaker 1>have a private investment that doesn't get marked to market

0:19:57.200 --> 0:20:02.000
<v Speaker 1>every day, it is and sometimes less volatile than most

0:20:02.040 --> 0:20:04.720
<v Speaker 1>public stocks, but only in the sense that you don't

0:20:04.720 --> 0:20:08.200
<v Speaker 1>look every day, right, Yeah, Like it's not economically less volatile.

0:20:08.240 --> 0:20:10.040
<v Speaker 1>It's just like you see the price of one thing

0:20:10.040 --> 0:20:11.480
<v Speaker 1>every day and you don't see the price of the

0:20:11.520 --> 0:20:14.320
<v Speaker 1>other thing every day. Yeah, it's a little like that,

0:20:14.440 --> 0:20:19.159
<v Speaker 1>where like if you just stop reporting earnings, then you

0:20:19.240 --> 0:20:22.560
<v Speaker 1>have less earnings volatility, you have less news driven volatility,

0:20:22.960 --> 0:20:26.000
<v Speaker 1>but you're just masking like what is actually happening. And

0:20:26.040 --> 0:20:27.359
<v Speaker 1>the other thing is like, I'm not sure you get

0:20:27.400 --> 0:20:30.640
<v Speaker 1>less stock price volatility, right, because you have you still

0:20:30.680 --> 0:20:34.400
<v Speaker 1>have trading. Right. It's just like if definitive financial statements

0:20:34.400 --> 0:20:37.000
<v Speaker 1>and like you know, guidance get reported every six months

0:20:37.000 --> 0:20:40.040
<v Speaker 1>instead of every three months, then you have a six

0:20:40.080 --> 0:20:42.720
<v Speaker 1>month window where people are trading based on.

0:20:43.600 --> 0:20:48.280
<v Speaker 2>Other stuff, right, body language, body language, TV appearance.

0:20:47.840 --> 0:20:51.840
<v Speaker 1>To the appearances rumor. People talk a ton about alternative data, right,

0:20:51.840 --> 0:20:56.720
<v Speaker 1>like you like sophisticated hedge funds are constantly using information

0:20:56.840 --> 0:21:01.080
<v Speaker 1>other than quarterly financial statements to build their models of

0:21:01.359 --> 0:21:03.560
<v Speaker 1>like how a company is doing. Right, They're you know,

0:21:03.640 --> 0:21:07.480
<v Speaker 1>looking at credit card data or famously satellite pictures of

0:21:07.520 --> 0:21:09.080
<v Speaker 1>parking lots to see how many people are coming to

0:21:09.080 --> 0:21:13.080
<v Speaker 1>the stores. And if you get rid of some of

0:21:13.119 --> 0:21:17.720
<v Speaker 1>the quarterly financial reporting, then those pieces of data will

0:21:17.760 --> 0:21:21.399
<v Speaker 1>be relatively more valuable. They will still exist hedgehunes will

0:21:21.400 --> 0:21:25.880
<v Speaker 1>still trade on them, but like you won't, right, It'll

0:21:25.920 --> 0:21:28.760
<v Speaker 1>be there'll be a lot more information asymmetry because some

0:21:28.800 --> 0:21:31.919
<v Speaker 1>people will have information about how companies are doing and

0:21:31.920 --> 0:21:34.119
<v Speaker 1>other people won't. Yeah, and then the other kind of

0:21:34.320 --> 0:21:37.000
<v Speaker 1>trading that could happen in six months is insider trading, right,

0:21:37.240 --> 0:21:40.240
<v Speaker 1>because like, the more time you have between announcing news,

0:21:40.280 --> 0:21:43.919
<v Speaker 1>the more opportunity there is to reach from knowing the

0:21:43.920 --> 0:21:44.479
<v Speaker 1>news yourself.

0:21:44.560 --> 0:21:48.639
<v Speaker 2>That'd be great for this podcast. Look, there would be

0:21:48.680 --> 0:21:52.320
<v Speaker 2>great for my TV show having fewer earnings reports but.

0:21:52.400 --> 0:21:54.879
<v Speaker 1>And more insider trading. Yeah, it'd be fun to have

0:21:54.920 --> 0:21:55.879
<v Speaker 1>the insider traders on.

0:21:56.160 --> 0:21:58.199
<v Speaker 2>I like to imagine that this goes through, that the

0:21:58.280 --> 0:22:02.240
<v Speaker 2>US moves to companies only needing to report every six months,

0:22:02.480 --> 0:22:05.479
<v Speaker 2>and think about what that would happen, because in Europe

0:22:06.440 --> 0:22:09.240
<v Speaker 2>they are mandated to only report every six months, but

0:22:09.400 --> 0:22:13.320
<v Speaker 2>many still file quarterly reports. Yeah, so I wonder if

0:22:13.359 --> 0:22:17.679
<v Speaker 2>the companies who report more frequently would get rewarded for

0:22:17.760 --> 0:22:22.520
<v Speaker 2>that from investors, Whether you would see companies like switch around,

0:22:22.680 --> 0:22:25.000
<v Speaker 2>and what the psychological effect would be from that. Like

0:22:25.040 --> 0:22:28.399
<v Speaker 2>if you were reporting on a quarterly basis and then

0:22:28.480 --> 0:22:31.359
<v Speaker 2>went to a six month basis, you know, would that

0:22:31.400 --> 0:22:34.280
<v Speaker 2>be taken as oh, shoot, there's bad news coming and

0:22:34.320 --> 0:22:35.680
<v Speaker 2>they're delaying it.

0:22:36.000 --> 0:22:39.760
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. Like I think if you're a normal company, it's

0:22:39.840 --> 0:22:42.919
<v Speaker 1>a little hard to reduce the freakanci reporting, right, I

0:22:42.920 --> 0:22:45.879
<v Speaker 1>mean you think about who would report six months? Like

0:22:46.000 --> 0:22:48.800
<v Speaker 1>some of it is like you know, Trump brothers back

0:22:48.800 --> 0:22:50.320
<v Speaker 1>to crypto treasury companies right.

0:22:50.280 --> 0:22:53.600
<v Speaker 2>Where it's like American bitcoin basically.

0:22:53.320 --> 0:22:54.639
<v Speaker 1>I do you think Another part of the answer is

0:22:54.680 --> 0:22:57.040
<v Speaker 1>like part of the reason people talk about this is

0:22:58.119 --> 0:23:01.720
<v Speaker 1>some form of like it is to burdensome to be

0:23:01.800 --> 0:23:04.200
<v Speaker 1>a US public company these days, and that is part

0:23:04.200 --> 0:23:08.280
<v Speaker 1>of why big cool tech startups are staying private longer,

0:23:08.320 --> 0:23:10.800
<v Speaker 1>and you know, ordinary people can't invest in them in

0:23:10.840 --> 0:23:13.040
<v Speaker 1>their pro own kids and all that stuff, And so

0:23:13.119 --> 0:23:15.679
<v Speaker 1>it is possible that like if you went to like

0:23:16.000 --> 0:23:19.040
<v Speaker 1>Sam Alton and you're like, hey, would you take open

0:23:19.080 --> 0:23:21.399
<v Speaker 1>a public and he was like, I have to report

0:23:21.400 --> 0:23:23.359
<v Speaker 1>every quarter and you're like, no, good news, you only

0:23:23.400 --> 0:23:25.160
<v Speaker 1>have to report every six months. You may think, okay, fine,

0:23:25.160 --> 0:23:26.879
<v Speaker 1>I'll do it, right, Like, I think it's a pretty

0:23:26.880 --> 0:23:30.960
<v Speaker 1>marginal benefit. But there's probably some quite cool tech startup

0:23:31.320 --> 0:23:34.840
<v Speaker 1>that would feel, like, you know, by saving money on

0:23:34.920 --> 0:23:38.040
<v Speaker 1>reporting costs and also by just having less frequent reporting

0:23:38.080 --> 0:23:41.480
<v Speaker 1>and less frequent like shareholder interference, it would like change

0:23:41.520 --> 0:23:43.480
<v Speaker 1>the bargain of whether or not it's a good idea

0:23:43.520 --> 0:23:46.320
<v Speaker 1>to go public. Right, Yeah, so like some new public

0:23:46.320 --> 0:23:48.280
<v Speaker 1>companies would report on a six month schedule.

0:23:48.520 --> 0:23:50.920
<v Speaker 2>Well to that point, Adina Friedman, who is the CEO

0:23:50.920 --> 0:23:55.800
<v Speaker 2>of NASAC, posted on LinkedIn basically that they supported the

0:23:55.840 --> 0:23:59.920
<v Speaker 2>reforms to reduce the burden on public companies because I'm

0:24:00.040 --> 0:24:02.480
<v Speaker 2>and you have heard that trotted out as a reason

0:24:02.880 --> 0:24:04.479
<v Speaker 2>for why companies are saying private.

0:24:04.560 --> 0:24:07.479
<v Speaker 1>So that is hard for me to imagine that, like

0:24:08.440 --> 0:24:12.720
<v Speaker 1>the costs of like having your accountants to your reports

0:24:12.720 --> 0:24:17.400
<v Speaker 1>every three months is what's giving you know, yeah, tripe private.

0:24:17.640 --> 0:24:19.640
<v Speaker 1>But like I did, there's probably it's a margin that's

0:24:19.640 --> 0:24:22.960
<v Speaker 1>probably true true ish and I say stripe right, But

0:24:23.040 --> 0:24:25.919
<v Speaker 1>like in fact, like the problem is that it is

0:24:26.000 --> 0:24:30.679
<v Speaker 1>hard for smallish companies to go public. Yeah, and this

0:24:30.880 --> 0:24:32.880
<v Speaker 1>is perhaps a material cost savings.

0:24:33.000 --> 0:24:34.920
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, we need more small caps.

0:24:34.840 --> 0:24:37.639
<v Speaker 1>And the sort of thing where it's one thing for

0:24:38.480 --> 0:24:40.640
<v Speaker 1>a big existing public company to say okay, we're going

0:24:40.640 --> 0:24:43.000
<v Speaker 1>to six month reporting, But it's another thing for a

0:24:43.160 --> 0:24:46.040
<v Speaker 1>smallish company to come public saying we're only going to

0:24:46.160 --> 0:24:48.240
<v Speaker 1>report every six months and everyone's like, okay, that's fine.

0:24:48.359 --> 0:24:50.879
<v Speaker 2>Yeah. I sort of stated it as a fact that

0:24:50.960 --> 0:24:54.119
<v Speaker 2>investors like information and want transparency. But I do think

0:24:54.200 --> 0:24:59.199
<v Speaker 2>there's this transparency barbelle that's developed for investors. Where you

0:24:59.240 --> 0:25:01.560
<v Speaker 2>think about et for example, and part of the reason

0:25:01.600 --> 0:25:04.680
<v Speaker 2>why ETFs have just killed mutual funds is because people

0:25:04.760 --> 0:25:06.959
<v Speaker 2>like to see the daily holdings. But then you think

0:25:06.960 --> 0:25:10.000
<v Speaker 2>about what's going on in private markets, and folks seem

0:25:10.040 --> 0:25:13.280
<v Speaker 2>perfectly happy to try and plow into that. So I

0:25:13.320 --> 0:25:15.679
<v Speaker 2>don't actually think that I can state it as a

0:25:15.720 --> 0:25:19.000
<v Speaker 2>fact that investors like as much information as possible.

0:25:20.280 --> 0:25:22.720
<v Speaker 1>Well, there's different kinds of investors, right, I mean, yeah,

0:25:23.040 --> 0:25:27.480
<v Speaker 1>active asset managers who are making investing decisions want to

0:25:27.520 --> 0:25:30.760
<v Speaker 1>make informed investing decisions, right, But no, right, I mean,

0:25:30.760 --> 0:25:32.399
<v Speaker 1>like if we talk all the time about like the

0:25:32.480 --> 0:25:35.919
<v Speaker 1>retail love for SpaceX and Stripe and open Ai, and

0:25:36.119 --> 0:25:40.600
<v Speaker 1>like those people aren't getting financial statements at any frequency, right,

0:25:40.640 --> 0:25:42.760
<v Speaker 1>that's just like sure, I trust you, right, So that

0:25:42.880 --> 0:25:43.359
<v Speaker 1>makes sense.

0:25:59.359 --> 0:26:03.320
<v Speaker 2>We have seven minutes to talk about structured products and

0:26:03.359 --> 0:26:04.200
<v Speaker 2>what a boom?

0:26:05.840 --> 0:26:08.640
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I don't know. I love structured products.

0:26:08.680 --> 0:26:10.959
<v Speaker 2>I know you do. Why do people who aren't you

0:26:10.960 --> 0:26:14.520
<v Speaker 2>love structured products? Like? Why are we seeing this boom?

0:26:14.640 --> 0:26:17.040
<v Speaker 2>Are we just bored? Is the S and P five

0:26:17.119 --> 0:26:17.960
<v Speaker 2>hundred not enough?

0:26:18.800 --> 0:26:21.919
<v Speaker 1>The structure products are? Aren't import them, They're they're like storytelling.

0:26:22.000 --> 0:26:24.879
<v Speaker 1>Like the simplest structured product, the secure product that I

0:26:24.920 --> 0:26:26.879
<v Speaker 1>think it was, like the paradigm structured product. Is like,

0:26:27.240 --> 0:26:29.520
<v Speaker 1>if you give me one hundred dollars, I can take

0:26:29.640 --> 0:26:31.760
<v Speaker 1>ninety five dollars you ever take and buy a treasury

0:26:31.840 --> 0:26:34.919
<v Speaker 1>bill ninety six dollars, okay, and by a treasury bill right,

0:26:34.960 --> 0:26:37.240
<v Speaker 1>that will mature at one hundred dollars in a year. Right,

0:26:38.640 --> 0:26:41.720
<v Speaker 1>And then I have four dollars to do something weird with. Right.

0:26:41.800 --> 0:26:44.000
<v Speaker 1>And the simplest weird thing is I spend those four

0:26:44.040 --> 0:26:47.480
<v Speaker 1>dollars like that the money call option on the S

0:26:47.520 --> 0:26:49.879
<v Speaker 1>and P. Right. And so I say to you, if

0:26:49.920 --> 0:26:52.080
<v Speaker 1>you give me one hundred dollars, I'll give you back

0:26:52.960 --> 0:26:55.200
<v Speaker 1>some percentage of the return of the SMP or like

0:26:55.240 --> 0:26:56.560
<v Speaker 1>this is a return of the SMP up to some

0:26:56.600 --> 0:26:59.880
<v Speaker 1>cap or something in a year, but I'll always give

0:26:59.880 --> 0:27:03.200
<v Speaker 1>you one hundred dollars back. If the SMP crashes fifty percent,

0:27:03.280 --> 0:27:04.960
<v Speaker 1>you still get all your money back. Okay, So you

0:27:05.000 --> 0:27:07.480
<v Speaker 1>get SMP upside, right, And all I've done is I

0:27:07.480 --> 0:27:10.119
<v Speaker 1>bought a co option, I bought a Treasury bill, And

0:27:10.160 --> 0:27:13.920
<v Speaker 1>you're like, oh wow, stocks, they can never go down, right,

0:27:14.000 --> 0:27:16.080
<v Speaker 1>And so I write about this periodic that's the simplest

0:27:16.080 --> 0:27:20.159
<v Speaker 1>structure product that's not like the main structured product of

0:27:20.200 --> 0:27:23.440
<v Speaker 1>the current boom. But like that story of like you're

0:27:23.480 --> 0:27:25.200
<v Speaker 1>gonna give me money, I'm gonna park boasted in t

0:27:25.320 --> 0:27:27.000
<v Speaker 1>bills and I'm gonna use the rest to buy weird

0:27:27.040 --> 0:27:30.199
<v Speaker 1>options to give you like some weird payoff profile. You know,

0:27:30.240 --> 0:27:32.000
<v Speaker 1>there are people whose job is to sit in a

0:27:32.080 --> 0:27:34.439
<v Speaker 1>lab cooking up that sort of thing, and then there

0:27:34.440 --> 0:27:36.359
<v Speaker 1>are other people whose job is to like put a

0:27:36.400 --> 0:27:38.879
<v Speaker 1>nice story on that. So we're talking about this, like

0:27:39.040 --> 0:27:42.639
<v Speaker 1>Bloomberg big take about the boom instructured products, and they

0:27:42.720 --> 0:27:45.000
<v Speaker 1>talk you about like half of structured products in America

0:27:45.080 --> 0:27:49.520
<v Speaker 1>are auto callables. Yeah, an auto callable is an installment

0:27:49.560 --> 0:27:53.159
<v Speaker 1>put purchased by a bank from retail investors. Right, And

0:27:53.240 --> 0:27:56.080
<v Speaker 1>so you know, if you're a bank, Like you have

0:27:56.119 --> 0:27:58.560
<v Speaker 1>a lot of people who want to buy index puts

0:27:58.560 --> 0:28:01.119
<v Speaker 1>from you, and you're like, where will I get index puts?

0:28:01.600 --> 0:28:03.320
<v Speaker 1>And you go to the lab and you're like, I

0:28:03.320 --> 0:28:06.040
<v Speaker 1>would like to cook up an installment index put product

0:28:06.080 --> 0:28:08.320
<v Speaker 1>that I can buy from somebody. Maybe I could buy

0:28:08.359 --> 0:28:11.480
<v Speaker 1>it from like an insurance company or Berkshire Hathaway or something.

0:28:11.800 --> 0:28:13.760
<v Speaker 1>And then you're like, no, no, I can buy it

0:28:13.800 --> 0:28:15.840
<v Speaker 1>from retail investors. If instead of saying I'm going to

0:28:15.840 --> 0:28:18.400
<v Speaker 1>buy an installment index put from you, you say I'm

0:28:18.400 --> 0:28:20.960
<v Speaker 1>going to sell you a bond that pays you ten

0:28:21.000 --> 0:28:24.440
<v Speaker 1>percent interests amazing, And it pays you ten percent interest

0:28:24.480 --> 0:28:27.280
<v Speaker 1>every quarter unless the stock market goes up, in which

0:28:27.280 --> 0:28:29.800
<v Speaker 1>case I paid off early and then no problem. It's

0:28:29.800 --> 0:28:32.280
<v Speaker 1>auto called. Right. One of the catch is that if

0:28:32.280 --> 0:28:35.040
<v Speaker 1>the stock market goes down twenty percent, you lose all

0:28:35.040 --> 0:28:38.240
<v Speaker 1>the money. Right, that's just an installment put. Right. But

0:28:38.400 --> 0:28:41.120
<v Speaker 1>like instead of saying that, you say, this is a

0:28:41.160 --> 0:28:44.560
<v Speaker 1>note that pays a very high coupon gets called early

0:28:44.880 --> 0:28:50.600
<v Speaker 1>in certain circumstances, and it's the losses of the stock market.

0:28:51.120 --> 0:28:53.200
<v Speaker 1>Like that's like a great trade. It's like you're not

0:28:53.240 --> 0:28:57.240
<v Speaker 1>selling excitement you're selling. Look, you get ten percent a year.

0:28:57.400 --> 0:29:00.560
<v Speaker 1>You can't lose. The worst thing that happens probably is

0:29:00.600 --> 0:29:01.680
<v Speaker 1>you get paid off early.

0:29:01.800 --> 0:29:03.200
<v Speaker 2>No problem, no problem.

0:29:03.360 --> 0:29:05.160
<v Speaker 1>But then there are other products too that are like

0:29:05.920 --> 0:29:07.720
<v Speaker 1>the reverse, that are like we pay you if the

0:29:07.720 --> 0:29:09.880
<v Speaker 1>stock market goes down, right, because you put any set

0:29:09.920 --> 0:29:12.640
<v Speaker 1>of options into this thing, and so you have like

0:29:12.640 --> 0:29:15.640
<v Speaker 1>this unlimited range of like stories and payoff structures that

0:29:15.680 --> 0:29:19.640
<v Speaker 1>you can sell to retail investors. And this article quotes

0:29:19.680 --> 0:29:22.000
<v Speaker 1>a guy, like a financial advisor, saying that his client

0:29:22.040 --> 0:29:24.560
<v Speaker 1>said him, this sounds illegal, It sounds too good to

0:29:24.600 --> 0:29:28.640
<v Speaker 1>be true. Yeah, because you like you did, like, why

0:29:28.680 --> 0:29:30.360
<v Speaker 1>are we seeing a boom in it? There are two

0:29:30.440 --> 0:29:35.440
<v Speaker 1>kinds of structured products. They're selling options and buying options, right,

0:29:35.560 --> 0:29:37.720
<v Speaker 1>So like the autocoll is like the bank is buying

0:29:37.760 --> 0:29:40.840
<v Speaker 1>an option from the customer. The one that I started with,

0:29:41.320 --> 0:29:43.600
<v Speaker 1>the like you get the S and P, but you

0:29:43.640 --> 0:29:46.280
<v Speaker 1>can't go down. That's the bank is selling an option

0:29:46.320 --> 0:29:49.880
<v Speaker 1>to the customer. This thing I started with, that only

0:29:49.960 --> 0:29:52.720
<v Speaker 1>works if you can buy a treasury built for significantly

0:29:52.760 --> 0:29:54.640
<v Speaker 1>less than one hundred dollars, because then you have money

0:29:54.680 --> 0:29:57.120
<v Speaker 1>to buy options with. Yeah, So like in a very

0:29:57.120 --> 0:29:59.560
<v Speaker 1>low interest rate environment, it's hard to do really cool

0:29:59.600 --> 0:30:03.000
<v Speaker 1>structure products because you just don't have a lot.

0:30:02.840 --> 0:30:07.400
<v Speaker 2>Of Like I find that exciting because we've now entered

0:30:07.520 --> 0:30:09.320
<v Speaker 2>theoretically a ray cutting cycle.

0:30:09.640 --> 0:30:11.760
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, so there are search products the other way, right,

0:30:11.760 --> 0:30:16.640
<v Speaker 1>where like if rates are low, it's very exciting to

0:30:16.640 --> 0:30:18.800
<v Speaker 1>go to a customer and say I'll pay you eight

0:30:18.840 --> 0:30:21.200
<v Speaker 1>percent a year, And the way you get eight percent

0:30:21.240 --> 0:30:23.320
<v Speaker 1>of year is it's not interest, that's option premium, right,

0:30:23.480 --> 0:30:26.640
<v Speaker 1>So there are products for all environments.

0:30:26.720 --> 0:30:30.880
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I do think it's interesting. They also quote someone

0:30:30.920 --> 0:30:35.200
<v Speaker 2>in here saying that you know, structured products aren't fought,

0:30:35.320 --> 0:30:37.440
<v Speaker 2>they're sold. That can apply to a myriad of things,

0:30:37.480 --> 0:30:38.480
<v Speaker 2>but it also applies here.

0:30:38.680 --> 0:30:41.440
<v Speaker 1>People say that about many, many, many things in finance,

0:30:41.440 --> 0:30:43.640
<v Speaker 1>but I think they most say it about searched notes,

0:30:43.680 --> 0:30:44.120
<v Speaker 1>and they.

0:30:44.080 --> 0:30:46.880
<v Speaker 2>Mean it here. But what's interesting is that now you

0:30:47.000 --> 0:30:48.240
<v Speaker 2>have because no one.

0:30:48.200 --> 0:30:50.200
<v Speaker 1>No retail investors like you know, what I would like

0:30:50.280 --> 0:30:52.400
<v Speaker 1>to do is sell installment puts to a bank.

0:30:52.720 --> 0:30:56.000
<v Speaker 2>Well, now you have an auto callbs ETF It launched

0:30:56.080 --> 0:31:00.240
<v Speaker 2>in June. So there are theoretically investors out there who

0:31:00.240 --> 0:31:03.600
<v Speaker 2>are just buying this on their own, who aren't necessarily.

0:31:03.080 --> 0:31:05.400
<v Speaker 1>Having it so advisor sold ETF.

0:31:05.480 --> 0:31:09.240
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, but it now exists where you don't need to

0:31:09.240 --> 0:31:11.800
<v Speaker 2>have an advisor sell this to you.

0:31:11.800 --> 0:31:13.680
<v Speaker 1>Look at the description of that and it's like, oh,

0:31:13.720 --> 0:31:14.800
<v Speaker 1>you got a ten percent yield.

0:31:15.520 --> 0:31:18.360
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, that's true. Maybe you plug it into Investipedia and

0:31:18.560 --> 0:31:23.080
<v Speaker 2>figure out what an auto callable is yield. Yeah, I'm

0:31:23.080 --> 0:31:27.280
<v Speaker 2>sure there are plenty of folks who just sort by yield, right, right,

0:31:27.440 --> 0:31:30.680
<v Speaker 2>it's yield, don't worry about the rest of it.

0:31:32.080 --> 0:31:34.000
<v Speaker 1>The other thing I think is in structure debts. It's

0:31:34.040 --> 0:31:37.200
<v Speaker 1>like I think of like the auto calables business as

0:31:37.720 --> 0:31:41.280
<v Speaker 1>banks buying crash insurance from retail so they can sell

0:31:41.320 --> 0:31:45.800
<v Speaker 1>crash insurance to other investors. But the overall structure debts

0:31:46.160 --> 0:31:50.160
<v Speaker 1>business is a is a bigger business. And the article

0:31:50.280 --> 0:31:53.160
<v Speaker 1>quotes the penn I heard saying everybody loves this business.

0:31:53.200 --> 0:31:55.120
<v Speaker 1>It prints money most of the time, and then usually

0:31:55.160 --> 0:31:56.840
<v Speaker 1>they find a way to lose money when the markets

0:31:56.840 --> 0:32:00.760
<v Speaker 1>are crashing. That's the banks. It is true that selling

0:32:00.840 --> 0:32:03.160
<v Speaker 1>structured notes is a way to make a lot of money,

0:32:03.200 --> 0:32:05.200
<v Speaker 1>like the edge on these trades is like one to

0:32:05.320 --> 0:32:09.720
<v Speaker 1>three percent, But somehow banks end up with positions in

0:32:09.760 --> 0:32:13.240
<v Speaker 1>these notes that sometimes blow up in crises, which is

0:32:13.240 --> 0:32:14.920
<v Speaker 1>not what's supposed to happen with the autocollable, which is

0:32:14.960 --> 0:32:18.160
<v Speaker 1>really supposed to be the bank's buying crisis insurance from

0:32:18.440 --> 0:32:21.560
<v Speaker 1>the retail customers. But again, there's lots of different profiles,

0:32:21.560 --> 0:32:24.719
<v Speaker 1>and some of them are more the bank selling crisis insurance.

0:32:24.880 --> 0:32:27.640
<v Speaker 2>We would you say your favorite structured product is?

0:32:28.200 --> 0:32:31.720
<v Speaker 1>I mean, they do like the autocollable just because.

0:32:31.520 --> 0:32:33.720
<v Speaker 2>It's like, so do a lot of people, it seems like.

0:32:34.200 --> 0:32:35.600
<v Speaker 1>But the other thing in the story is that, like

0:32:35.640 --> 0:32:39.160
<v Speaker 1>the banks are now off letting their structured note risk

0:32:39.200 --> 0:32:41.840
<v Speaker 1>to hedge funds because that's what banks do with everything. Now.

0:32:41.960 --> 0:32:43.880
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, another theme we've talked about.

0:32:44.000 --> 0:32:45.920
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, the bank has a relationship with the customer, but

0:32:46.000 --> 0:32:47.920
<v Speaker 1>like they're not going to take all this risk on

0:32:47.960 --> 0:32:49.800
<v Speaker 1>their own balance it, so they'll find some hedge fund

0:32:49.840 --> 0:32:51.360
<v Speaker 1>to take the structured note risk.

0:32:51.840 --> 0:32:57.040
<v Speaker 2>Cool, all right. Unfortunately that's all the time we have.

0:32:57.880 --> 0:32:59.040
<v Speaker 1>So we'll see you next week.

0:32:59.320 --> 0:33:03.640
<v Speaker 2>Send questions please, Yeah they're not good enough, maybe I

0:33:03.720 --> 0:33:06.800
<v Speaker 2>just won't open. Yeah, we'll see be skiing.

0:33:10.120 --> 0:33:11.720
<v Speaker 1>And that was the Money Stuff podcast.

0:33:12.040 --> 0:33:14.280
<v Speaker 2>I'm Matt Levine and I'm Katie Greifeld.

0:33:14.720 --> 0:33:16.880
<v Speaker 1>You can find my work by subscribing to The Money

0:33:16.920 --> 0:33:18.840
<v Speaker 1>Stuff newsletter on Bloomberg dot.

0:33:18.680 --> 0:33:21.480
<v Speaker 2>Com, and you can find me on Bloomberg TV every

0:33:21.560 --> 0:33:24.720
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0:33:25.280 --> 0:33:27.320
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0:33:27.320 --> 0:33:30.560
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0:33:33.080 --> 0:33:35.640
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0:33:39.200 --> 0:33:42.160
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0:33:42.160 --> 0:33:43.360
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0:33:46.240 --> 0:33:48.560
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0:33:48.080 --> 0:33:51.280
<v Speaker 2>Producer, and Sage Bawman is Bloomberg's head of Podcasts.

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<v Speaker 1>Thanks for listening to The Money Stuff Podcast. We'll be

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<v Speaker 1>back next week with more stuff.