1 00:00:01,440 --> 00:00:04,480 Speaker 1: Hey everyone, We've put together a survey for listeners of 2 00:00:04,519 --> 00:00:06,760 Speaker 1: Medal of Honor and we want to hear from you. 3 00:00:07,280 --> 00:00:09,240 Speaker 1: Tell us what you love about the show, what we 4 00:00:09,280 --> 00:00:12,760 Speaker 1: can improve on, or stories you think we've missed. We're 5 00:00:12,760 --> 00:00:15,840 Speaker 1: committed to making this show even better and you can 6 00:00:15,920 --> 00:00:19,960 Speaker 1: help to take the survey. Visit bit dot lee slash 7 00:00:20,239 --> 00:00:27,320 Speaker 1: MH survey. That's bit dot l y slash MH survey. 8 00:00:27,840 --> 00:00:41,479 Speaker 1: The link is also in our show notes below. Pushkin. 9 00:00:45,360 --> 00:00:50,040 Speaker 1: On a hot June afternoon in nineteen eighteen, the sixth 10 00:00:50,120 --> 00:00:55,160 Speaker 1: Marines were facing a massacre. It was World War One 11 00:00:55,680 --> 00:00:59,160 Speaker 1: and the American forces had gathered in Bellowwood in northern France. 12 00:01:00,080 --> 00:01:02,800 Speaker 1: They were there to fight the Germans, but to get 13 00:01:02,840 --> 00:01:06,520 Speaker 1: to them they would have to cross a wide open 14 00:01:06,640 --> 00:01:11,040 Speaker 1: field of wheat, and that field was ringed by enemy 15 00:01:11,120 --> 00:01:16,360 Speaker 1: machine gunners. They were hidden in trees and behind boulders, 16 00:01:16,400 --> 00:01:22,759 Speaker 1: invisible and deadly, the stalks of grain bent in the breeze. 17 00:01:22,880 --> 00:01:26,840 Speaker 1: The sun was shining. It might have been a beautiful day, 18 00:01:27,800 --> 00:01:32,360 Speaker 1: but the only sound anyone could hear was the snapping 19 00:01:32,800 --> 00:01:37,319 Speaker 1: and cracking of machine gun and rifle fire, and the 20 00:01:37,360 --> 00:01:42,280 Speaker 1: screaming of wounded men. There was just one way for 21 00:01:42,319 --> 00:01:47,280 Speaker 1: the Marines to eliminate those enemy positions, one at a time, 22 00:01:48,440 --> 00:01:56,280 Speaker 1: slowly and painfully, using hand grenades, rifles, bayonets, fighting hand 23 00:01:56,320 --> 00:02:02,040 Speaker 1: to hand. If they had to progress seemed possible. The 24 00:02:02,080 --> 00:02:06,120 Speaker 1: men had already been there for days, pinned down and stuck, 25 00:02:06,920 --> 00:02:11,040 Speaker 1: worn out by the never ending combat. One platoon of 26 00:02:11,120 --> 00:02:14,640 Speaker 1: Marines was lying in a shallow fox hole. They had 27 00:02:14,720 --> 00:02:17,160 Speaker 1: dug it out by hand, at the edge of a clearing. 28 00:02:18,080 --> 00:02:22,880 Speaker 1: They were holding onto that ground for a dear life. 29 00:02:23,000 --> 00:02:27,320 Speaker 1: Then a runner came scrambling through the brush. He handed 30 00:02:27,320 --> 00:02:31,200 Speaker 1: a piece of paper to their sergeant. The sergeant's name 31 00:02:32,080 --> 00:02:35,720 Speaker 1: Dan Day. He was a lot older than the men 32 00:02:35,800 --> 00:02:39,280 Speaker 1: he led. He'd been in the Marines for nearly twenty years. 33 00:02:40,120 --> 00:02:44,760 Speaker 1: With a bristle of snow white hair and intense gray eyes, 34 00:02:45,440 --> 00:02:48,239 Speaker 1: Dan was pretty easy to pick out on the battlefield. 35 00:02:49,040 --> 00:02:53,720 Speaker 1: But more than that, Dan was famous, famous for his 36 00:02:53,880 --> 00:02:58,079 Speaker 1: courage and battle for his toughness. In fact, the story 37 00:02:58,160 --> 00:03:00,799 Speaker 1: goes that when one of the guys in the learned 38 00:03:00,919 --> 00:03:05,480 Speaker 1: his sergeant was Dan Daily, he said, quote, he's real. 39 00:03:06,360 --> 00:03:09,120 Speaker 1: I thought he was somebody the Marines made up like 40 00:03:09,200 --> 00:03:14,080 Speaker 1: Paul Bunyan. Dan Daly read that piece of paper. He 41 00:03:14,160 --> 00:03:18,519 Speaker 1: looked across his line of marines, and then Dan made 42 00:03:18,520 --> 00:03:22,280 Speaker 1: a forward motion with his hand. The men knew what 43 00:03:22,320 --> 00:03:26,200 Speaker 1: it meant. Their sergeant wanted them to advance toward the enemy, 44 00:03:26,760 --> 00:03:32,120 Speaker 1: out into the open, into the machine gun fire. They hesitated. 45 00:03:33,120 --> 00:03:36,080 Speaker 1: They could already see enemy bullets kicking up the dirt, 46 00:03:36,720 --> 00:03:42,280 Speaker 1: inching closer and closer. So Dan stood up and ran 47 00:03:42,360 --> 00:03:44,880 Speaker 1: to the center of the platoon, right in the middle 48 00:03:44,920 --> 00:03:48,560 Speaker 1: of his men. He swung his rifle over his head, 49 00:03:49,280 --> 00:03:53,400 Speaker 1: bayonet glinting in the sunlight, and then he shouted, come on, you, 50 00:03:53,560 --> 00:03:59,800 Speaker 1: sons of bitches, do you want to live forever? I'm Jr. 51 00:03:59,800 --> 00:04:05,000 Speaker 1: Martinez and this is Medal of Honor Stories of Courage. 52 00:04:05,040 --> 00:04:07,880 Speaker 1: The Medal of Honor is the highest military decoration in 53 00:04:07,920 --> 00:04:12,000 Speaker 1: the United States, awarded for gallantry and bravery and combat 54 00:04:12,360 --> 00:04:15,240 Speaker 1: at the risk of life, above and beyond the call 55 00:04:15,280 --> 00:04:18,560 Speaker 1: of duty. Each candidate must be approved all the way 56 00:04:18,640 --> 00:04:21,919 Speaker 1: up the chain of command, from the supervisory officer in 57 00:04:21,960 --> 00:04:24,960 Speaker 1: the field to the White House. This show is about 58 00:04:24,960 --> 00:04:29,520 Speaker 1: those heroes, what they did, what it meant, and what 59 00:04:29,560 --> 00:04:34,400 Speaker 1: their stories tell us about the nature of courage and sacrifice. 60 00:04:34,600 --> 00:04:39,360 Speaker 1: Today we'll meet the ultimate Marine, Daniel Daily, one of 61 00:04:39,440 --> 00:04:41,559 Speaker 1: the very few people to have been awarded the Medal 62 00:04:41,560 --> 00:04:46,240 Speaker 1: of Honor not once, but twice, plus a zillion other awards, 63 00:04:46,240 --> 00:04:50,080 Speaker 1: from the Navy Cross to the CUIs Duguerre. So, of course, 64 00:04:50,120 --> 00:04:53,320 Speaker 1: his platoon followed him when he yelled that famous battle cry. 65 00:04:53,920 --> 00:04:58,360 Speaker 1: They charged into those German defenses, and Dan himself rescued 66 00:04:58,400 --> 00:05:03,240 Speaker 1: twelve Marines who were stranded in that wheat field, risking 67 00:05:03,400 --> 00:05:08,040 Speaker 1: his life again and again. And this wasn't even one 68 00:05:08,080 --> 00:05:10,120 Speaker 1: of the actions. He received the Medal of Honor. For 69 00:05:11,440 --> 00:05:15,359 Speaker 1: Dan's story isn't just about incredible courage. It's about a 70 00:05:15,400 --> 00:05:18,839 Speaker 1: man who witnessed a totally different and sort of surprising 71 00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:22,680 Speaker 1: version of the Marine Corps and whose legend helped make 72 00:05:22,720 --> 00:05:35,239 Speaker 1: it the force it is today. Back in the early 73 00:05:35,400 --> 00:05:39,320 Speaker 1: nineteen hundreds, the Marine Corps looked nothing like it does now. 74 00:05:40,120 --> 00:05:43,960 Speaker 1: It was tiny, just about one hundred and fifty officers 75 00:05:44,200 --> 00:05:48,080 Speaker 1: and around fifty five hundred men. Their main duty was 76 00:05:48,080 --> 00:05:52,760 Speaker 1: guarding naval installations on land and working as guards on 77 00:05:52,880 --> 00:05:56,640 Speaker 1: naval vessels at sea, kind of like cops on ships. 78 00:05:57,480 --> 00:05:59,800 Speaker 1: There were bit players in a lot of conflicts all 79 00:05:59,800 --> 00:06:00,599 Speaker 1: over the place. 80 00:06:01,240 --> 00:06:05,640 Speaker 2: Uncle Sam's most colorful and heroic military units officially formed 81 00:06:05,680 --> 00:06:08,000 Speaker 2: by the Continental Congression seventeen seventy five. 82 00:06:08,480 --> 00:06:10,880 Speaker 3: The Marines have been in the thick of things ever sin. 83 00:06:11,640 --> 00:06:15,240 Speaker 1: But they also had a very specific and unusual function. 84 00:06:15,960 --> 00:06:19,400 Speaker 1: When there were threats to Americans doing business in foreign countries, 85 00:06:19,839 --> 00:06:23,080 Speaker 1: the Marines would go ashore to protect them, which is 86 00:06:23,120 --> 00:06:25,440 Speaker 1: how they ended up in China in the summer of 87 00:06:25,600 --> 00:06:30,599 Speaker 1: nineteen hundred. For decades, Western nations in Japan had forced 88 00:06:30,640 --> 00:06:34,960 Speaker 1: China to accept foreign control over the country's international trade. 89 00:06:35,080 --> 00:06:41,000 Speaker 1: American businessmen, bankers, manufacturers, and companies like Standard Oil were 90 00:06:41,240 --> 00:06:45,040 Speaker 1: huge presents in the country. They wanted to sell their 91 00:06:45,040 --> 00:06:48,880 Speaker 1: goods to the largest population in the world. Not everyone 92 00:06:49,200 --> 00:06:53,560 Speaker 1: was happy about this arrangement. A group emerged in northern 93 00:06:53,640 --> 00:06:58,400 Speaker 1: China called the Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists. 94 00:06:58,560 --> 00:07:04,080 Speaker 1: Westerners reduced it to the Boxers. The Boxers thought the colonizers, 95 00:07:04,360 --> 00:07:08,200 Speaker 1: and particularly the Christian missionaries, were to blame for their 96 00:07:08,240 --> 00:07:11,920 Speaker 1: poor standard of living, so they decided to fight back. 97 00:07:13,720 --> 00:07:18,000 Speaker 1: By eighteen ninety nine, the Boxers were destroying churches and 98 00:07:18,120 --> 00:07:23,880 Speaker 1: foreign property, killing Chinese Christians and Western missionaries. They got 99 00:07:23,880 --> 00:07:29,920 Speaker 1: closer and closer to the country's capital, Peiking, now called Beijing. 100 00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:34,080 Speaker 1: That's where the foreigners lived, and a kind of walled 101 00:07:34,160 --> 00:07:38,480 Speaker 1: city within the city. They called it the Legation Quarter. 102 00:07:39,400 --> 00:07:43,320 Speaker 1: The Chinese government began supporting the Boxers, and the international 103 00:07:43,320 --> 00:07:47,560 Speaker 1: community realized that to leave the walled city would probably 104 00:07:47,600 --> 00:07:51,520 Speaker 1: mean death for them, so they called in military protection 105 00:07:51,640 --> 00:07:55,840 Speaker 1: from their home countries. In May of nineteen hundred, about 106 00:07:55,880 --> 00:08:00,680 Speaker 1: three hundred troops from places like Great Britain, Japan, Germany, 107 00:08:00,760 --> 00:08:05,000 Speaker 1: and Italy arrived in Peking and from America came the Marines, 108 00:08:06,120 --> 00:08:11,440 Speaker 1: except there were just fifty of them, including a young 109 00:08:11,520 --> 00:08:16,280 Speaker 1: man named Dan Daily. Dan had joined the corps just 110 00:08:16,320 --> 00:08:20,520 Speaker 1: a year before. According to his enlistment papers, he had 111 00:08:20,520 --> 00:08:24,320 Speaker 1: been born in Long Island in eighteen seventy three, but 112 00:08:24,520 --> 00:08:28,520 Speaker 1: evidence suggests he was born a few years earlier and 113 00:08:28,800 --> 00:08:33,680 Speaker 1: thousands of miles away in Ireland. His parents survived the 114 00:08:33,679 --> 00:08:37,640 Speaker 1: Great Famine and resettled in America. Young Dan worked in 115 00:08:37,679 --> 00:08:41,000 Speaker 1: a kerosene factory on Long Island. It's easy to see 116 00:08:41,000 --> 00:08:44,800 Speaker 1: why the Marines appealed to him. America was spreading into 117 00:08:44,840 --> 00:08:50,120 Speaker 1: more and more foreign territory. Marines traveled the world, and 118 00:08:50,160 --> 00:08:53,640 Speaker 1: that probably sounded a lot better than spending your life 119 00:08:53,679 --> 00:08:57,679 Speaker 1: in a factory on Long Island. Plus Dan was a 120 00:08:57,679 --> 00:09:03,440 Speaker 1: prize fighter on the side exploring fighting. These were things 121 00:09:03,559 --> 00:09:08,120 Speaker 1: Dan loved, so he enlisted, and after a little more 122 00:09:08,160 --> 00:09:13,400 Speaker 1: than a year he was in Peking foreigners and their 123 00:09:13,440 --> 00:09:18,000 Speaker 1: families were fleeing the Boxers. They poured into the legation quarter. 124 00:09:18,840 --> 00:09:23,560 Speaker 1: Thousands of Chinese Christian refugees did too, and on June twentieth, 125 00:09:24,160 --> 00:09:28,040 Speaker 1: the Boxers began their siege of the city. That small 126 00:09:28,120 --> 00:09:32,680 Speaker 1: international group of military men Dan included was stationed in 127 00:09:32,720 --> 00:09:38,160 Speaker 1: the quarter and they were outnumbered forty to one. They 128 00:09:38,200 --> 00:09:42,400 Speaker 1: called for reinforcements, but it would take almost two months 129 00:09:42,440 --> 00:09:46,839 Speaker 1: for those to arrive. In the meantime, the heat sword 130 00:09:47,600 --> 00:09:51,720 Speaker 1: reaching one hundred and ten degrees in the shade. Food 131 00:09:51,840 --> 00:09:55,280 Speaker 1: was dwindling. The people in the quarter had to eat 132 00:09:55,320 --> 00:09:59,960 Speaker 1: their horses. Dan and the Marines had one main goal 133 00:10:01,040 --> 00:10:05,199 Speaker 1: to hold what was called a tartar wall. It ran 134 00:10:05,280 --> 00:10:07,880 Speaker 1: along one side of the quarter, about the size of 135 00:10:07,920 --> 00:10:11,920 Speaker 1: a four story building. The Boxers built barricades on the 136 00:10:12,000 --> 00:10:15,120 Speaker 1: other side of the wall, and they kept building them higher. 137 00:10:15,880 --> 00:10:18,120 Speaker 1: They hoped to be able to storm their way inside 138 00:10:18,200 --> 00:10:22,120 Speaker 1: the quarter. So the marine spent all their time firing 139 00:10:22,240 --> 00:10:25,679 Speaker 1: at the Boxers on the barricades, trying to hold them off. 140 00:10:26,720 --> 00:10:30,280 Speaker 1: They were quickly running out of ammunition. If the Boxers 141 00:10:30,320 --> 00:10:35,800 Speaker 1: breached the wall, the fight would be over instantly. On 142 00:10:35,840 --> 00:10:40,240 Speaker 1: the night of July fourteenth, weeks into the siege, Dan's 143 00:10:40,280 --> 00:10:43,800 Speaker 1: captain told him he needed a volunteer to stay on 144 00:10:43,880 --> 00:10:48,120 Speaker 1: top of the wall alone. The captain had to go 145 00:10:48,200 --> 00:10:53,040 Speaker 1: down to bring up more men and sandbags. Reportedly, the 146 00:10:53,120 --> 00:10:56,880 Speaker 1: captain whispered to Dan, I won't order you to stay 147 00:10:56,880 --> 00:10:59,959 Speaker 1: out here, but if you can hold them back to noight, 148 00:11:00,840 --> 00:11:05,720 Speaker 1: they'll never drive us back tomorrow, to which Dan cheerily replied, 149 00:11:06,360 --> 00:11:09,680 Speaker 1: see you in the morning, captain, The night would have 150 00:11:09,720 --> 00:11:13,760 Speaker 1: been hot. Dan took cover in a little forty five bastion. 151 00:11:14,480 --> 00:11:17,200 Speaker 1: He piled ammunition in front of him, and he waited. 152 00:11:18,000 --> 00:11:22,200 Speaker 1: He could hear the Chinese soldiers talking nearby, and then 153 00:11:22,960 --> 00:11:27,480 Speaker 1: sure enough they came after him in the dark. The 154 00:11:27,520 --> 00:11:30,400 Speaker 1: boxers weren't sure how many Marines were in that bastion. 155 00:11:31,280 --> 00:11:35,679 Speaker 1: They didn't know it was just Dan. With this limited 156 00:11:35,720 --> 00:11:39,559 Speaker 1: supply of ammo, he was going to need all of it. 157 00:11:40,720 --> 00:11:45,160 Speaker 1: First two came Dan's way and he shot them. Then 158 00:11:45,280 --> 00:11:48,920 Speaker 1: four more men came. He shot three and used his 159 00:11:49,040 --> 00:11:52,840 Speaker 1: bayonet to kill the fourth, but the men kept coming 160 00:11:53,600 --> 00:11:57,439 Speaker 1: all through the night. Dan held on for daylight and 161 00:11:57,559 --> 00:12:02,760 Speaker 1: watched his pile of bullets get smaller and smaller. He 162 00:12:02,960 --> 00:12:07,720 Speaker 1: had to be a perfect shot in the dark. For hours, 163 00:12:08,400 --> 00:12:13,760 Speaker 1: he couldn't waste a bullet, and he didn't. Dawn rose 164 00:12:13,800 --> 00:12:17,199 Speaker 1: slowly over the tartar wall, and when the captain arrived 165 00:12:17,240 --> 00:12:19,880 Speaker 1: back at the top, Dan was there to greet him, 166 00:12:20,720 --> 00:12:25,520 Speaker 1: just like he had promised. According to some reports, the 167 00:12:25,600 --> 00:12:29,840 Speaker 1: bodies of two hundred enemy soldiers were found that morning 168 00:12:29,880 --> 00:12:34,120 Speaker 1: below the wall. This marked the first time that Dan 169 00:12:34,200 --> 00:12:36,920 Speaker 1: will receive the Medal of Honor. He had been a 170 00:12:37,000 --> 00:12:40,240 Speaker 1: one man barricade. If he hadn't been there, it might 171 00:12:40,240 --> 00:12:44,000 Speaker 1: have been the end of the quarter. A few weeks later, 172 00:12:44,480 --> 00:12:48,559 Speaker 1: a force from eight nations arrived in China, roughly ten 173 00:12:48,720 --> 00:12:53,240 Speaker 1: thousand of them took Peking, defeating the boxers. The siege 174 00:12:53,880 --> 00:12:58,439 Speaker 1: was over, and the foreign powers took brutal revenge. They 175 00:12:58,520 --> 00:13:02,800 Speaker 1: executed boxers and their supporters. They burned villages to the ground, 176 00:13:03,320 --> 00:13:09,920 Speaker 1: they plundered everything, plus the foreign nations demanded reparations from 177 00:13:09,960 --> 00:13:14,760 Speaker 1: the Chinese government. These reparations were so large that they 178 00:13:14,760 --> 00:13:19,720 Speaker 1: would cripple China for decades. The Marines would stay there 179 00:13:19,800 --> 00:13:31,840 Speaker 1: until nineteen forty one. Not Dan Daly, though he kept moving. 180 00:13:41,000 --> 00:13:44,040 Speaker 1: Part of what made Dan the ultimate Marine is he 181 00:13:44,080 --> 00:13:50,440 Speaker 1: went all in on everything he did. Dan Day arrived 182 00:13:50,440 --> 00:13:54,160 Speaker 1: in the Philippines in September of nineteen hundred. While there 183 00:13:54,160 --> 00:13:57,199 Speaker 1: were no battles to fight at the moment, he still 184 00:13:57,240 --> 00:14:02,440 Speaker 1: had a lot of energy. By October, he was put 185 00:14:02,480 --> 00:14:05,800 Speaker 1: on report for failing to return on time from leave. 186 00:14:06,760 --> 00:14:10,200 Speaker 1: Then he was on restriction for thirty days after being 187 00:14:10,480 --> 00:14:15,680 Speaker 1: ten hours late from leave. Then he was court martialed 188 00:14:15,960 --> 00:14:19,000 Speaker 1: for being drunk on his post and was sent to 189 00:14:19,040 --> 00:14:23,120 Speaker 1: the brig He got out and promptly went in again 190 00:14:23,840 --> 00:14:29,560 Speaker 1: for the same thing drunkenness, along with quote using obscene 191 00:14:29,760 --> 00:14:33,440 Speaker 1: threatening an abusive language toward a sergeant of the guard. 192 00:14:34,640 --> 00:14:38,720 Speaker 1: All of these offenses and a bunch more in just 193 00:14:39,040 --> 00:14:44,920 Speaker 1: ten months not exactly the description of the ideal marine 194 00:14:45,280 --> 00:14:46,760 Speaker 1: that the Corps advertised. 195 00:14:47,400 --> 00:14:50,120 Speaker 3: In the Marine Corps, a man is trained first in 196 00:14:50,200 --> 00:14:53,160 Speaker 3: those things that will develop him as a man, in 197 00:14:53,200 --> 00:14:57,600 Speaker 3: those qualities of general leadership, such as dependability, personal bearing, 198 00:14:57,920 --> 00:15:02,760 Speaker 3: physical and metal stamina, should self reliance and self confidence. 199 00:15:03,480 --> 00:15:08,320 Speaker 1: Well, he certainly had self confidence. I guess his bad 200 00:15:08,400 --> 00:15:12,240 Speaker 1: behavior went on for years. But while he was seeing 201 00:15:12,320 --> 00:15:15,640 Speaker 1: the inside of the brig he was also seeing the 202 00:15:15,680 --> 00:15:20,960 Speaker 1: world because these years coincided with Teddy Roosevelt's presidency, and 203 00:15:21,120 --> 00:15:24,120 Speaker 1: Roosevelt believed that the US should act as a sort 204 00:15:24,160 --> 00:15:29,080 Speaker 1: of international policeman, stepping in with force if necessary. So 205 00:15:29,160 --> 00:15:33,680 Speaker 1: the Marines were all over the place. Dan was off 206 00:15:33,760 --> 00:15:37,000 Speaker 1: the coast of Puerto Rico, then Panama. The Marines were 207 00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:41,640 Speaker 1: officially there to protect American citizens and unofficially there to 208 00:15:41,720 --> 00:15:45,120 Speaker 1: make sure the US could build the Panama Canal. In 209 00:15:45,160 --> 00:15:48,920 Speaker 1: March of nineteen eleven, he was aboard the USS Springfield 210 00:15:48,960 --> 00:15:52,680 Speaker 1: and San Juan, Puerto Rico, when a gasoline fire broke out. 211 00:15:53,080 --> 00:15:55,640 Speaker 1: Dan risked his life to put out the flames before 212 00:15:55,640 --> 00:15:58,640 Speaker 1: the ship blew up. He got a commendation from the 213 00:15:58,640 --> 00:16:03,400 Speaker 1: Secretary of the Navy. In nineteen fourteen, Dan went to Mexico, 214 00:16:03,920 --> 00:16:07,520 Speaker 1: where the US had investments in oil. He fought in 215 00:16:07,560 --> 00:16:12,400 Speaker 1: the Battle of Veracruz. The Marines occupied the city. I mean, 216 00:16:12,560 --> 00:16:19,080 Speaker 1: come on, this guy was everywhere. Eventually he became a sergeant. 217 00:16:19,680 --> 00:16:23,880 Speaker 1: He was in his early forties mellowing out a little maybe, 218 00:16:24,480 --> 00:16:27,800 Speaker 1: and the Marines were changing to The tiny core that 219 00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:31,360 Speaker 1: Dan had joined in eighteen ninety nine was up to 220 00:16:31,520 --> 00:16:36,040 Speaker 1: ten thousand men by nineteen fourteen, but their role was 221 00:16:36,040 --> 00:16:41,200 Speaker 1: still a little odd. They weren't exactly fighting in war zones. 222 00:16:41,760 --> 00:16:45,320 Speaker 1: They were kind of like a police force for American business. 223 00:16:45,840 --> 00:16:49,560 Speaker 1: That's how Dan wound up in Haiti. Haiti was a 224 00:16:49,600 --> 00:16:52,360 Speaker 1: major port in the Sea Lane between the New Panama 225 00:16:52,400 --> 00:16:56,400 Speaker 1: Canal and the Atlantic Ocean, so it was more important 226 00:16:56,440 --> 00:17:00,760 Speaker 1: to the US than ever. The United States move Haiti's 227 00:17:00,800 --> 00:17:05,080 Speaker 1: gold reserve to New York in nineteen fourteen. Then they 228 00:17:05,200 --> 00:17:08,880 Speaker 1: used that as leverage to pressure Haiti to hand over 229 00:17:08,960 --> 00:17:14,199 Speaker 1: control of its finances. By July of nineteen fifteen, the 230 00:17:14,280 --> 00:17:16,440 Speaker 1: country was on the brink of civil war. 231 00:17:17,560 --> 00:17:21,520 Speaker 2: Having suffered a succession of weak presidents and almost continuous 232 00:17:21,520 --> 00:17:25,240 Speaker 2: civil wars, Haiti is now on brink of bankruptcy and 233 00:17:25,400 --> 00:17:28,000 Speaker 2: laws of the land have been virtually lost in chaos 234 00:17:28,040 --> 00:17:30,359 Speaker 2: of island wide anarchy. 235 00:17:31,480 --> 00:17:34,760 Speaker 1: A civil war would be bad for business, so President 236 00:17:34,800 --> 00:17:39,399 Speaker 1: Woodrow Wilson sent in the Marines. Dan's major was the 237 00:17:39,480 --> 00:17:45,280 Speaker 1: awesomely named Smedley Darlington Butler His man nicknamed him Old 238 00:17:45,400 --> 00:17:50,280 Speaker 1: gimblet Eye because he had a crazy, intense stare. Anyways, 239 00:17:50,640 --> 00:17:53,960 Speaker 1: Butler had been in China and Mexico with Dan. He 240 00:17:54,160 --> 00:17:58,520 Speaker 1: loved him, He said. Dan was quote the fightingist man 241 00:17:58,560 --> 00:18:02,679 Speaker 1: I avenue. His hair was gray even then. He was 242 00:18:02,720 --> 00:18:07,919 Speaker 1: smooth faced, with skin like leather, hard boiled as the devil, 243 00:18:07,960 --> 00:18:13,119 Speaker 1: but fine clear through. I admired his courage and modesty 244 00:18:13,520 --> 00:18:18,400 Speaker 1: and became very much attached to him. The Marines took 245 00:18:18,440 --> 00:18:22,800 Speaker 1: charge of Haiti's ports and set up camps throughout the country. Meanwhile, 246 00:18:23,440 --> 00:18:27,440 Speaker 1: US officials got veto power over government decisions. They had 247 00:18:27,440 --> 00:18:32,200 Speaker 1: the constitution change to allow foreigners to buy property. Pretty 248 00:18:32,200 --> 00:18:36,560 Speaker 1: sweet deal for the US, maybe not so much for 249 00:18:36,640 --> 00:18:41,080 Speaker 1: the Haitians. Everything was settling in for a long occupation, 250 00:18:42,080 --> 00:18:45,840 Speaker 1: except that a group of rebels called Cacos began ambushing 251 00:18:45,920 --> 00:18:50,600 Speaker 1: Marine patrols, attacking outposts, and so the Marines and the 252 00:18:50,680 --> 00:18:52,119 Speaker 1: Cacos went to battle. 253 00:18:52,440 --> 00:18:55,639 Speaker 2: And then in nineteen fifteen, United States Marines land in 254 00:18:55,720 --> 00:18:59,919 Speaker 2: Haiti to battle Haitian bandits threatening destruction of American properties, 255 00:19:00,320 --> 00:19:03,960 Speaker 2: and native bandits quickly head for the hills. This puts 256 00:19:03,960 --> 00:19:07,919 Speaker 2: immediate end to troubles in populated areas, but marines prepare 257 00:19:07,960 --> 00:19:11,080 Speaker 2: to drive into interior and rout the insurgents out. 258 00:19:13,440 --> 00:19:18,520 Speaker 1: In late October, Smedley Darlington, Butler, Dan and around thirty 259 00:19:18,520 --> 00:19:21,560 Speaker 1: five other men went to find a CaCO stronghold in 260 00:19:21,600 --> 00:19:25,000 Speaker 1: the mountains. They set out from a base camp on 261 00:19:25,080 --> 00:19:29,720 Speaker 1: horseback with pack animals, carrying food, ammunition, and a machine gun. 262 00:19:30,520 --> 00:19:32,479 Speaker 1: On the third day of their mission, they came across 263 00:19:32,520 --> 00:19:36,080 Speaker 1: a Haitian man, and Butler made him an offer. Show 264 00:19:36,200 --> 00:19:41,160 Speaker 1: us the Caco's forked. If you do, you'll get five dollars. 265 00:19:41,960 --> 00:19:46,680 Speaker 1: If you don't, you'll get a bullet, and not much 266 00:19:46,680 --> 00:19:52,600 Speaker 1: of a choice. The man chose the money. Soon the 267 00:19:52,640 --> 00:19:56,240 Speaker 1: marines had the Caco's fortress in their sights. It was 268 00:19:56,280 --> 00:20:00,159 Speaker 1: perched on a mountain surrounded by rough stone walls and trenches. 269 00:20:00,880 --> 00:20:04,919 Speaker 1: Butler immediately realized his single platoon of men would be 270 00:20:05,080 --> 00:20:10,800 Speaker 1: no match for that, so they retreated. They rode in 271 00:20:10,840 --> 00:20:14,119 Speaker 1: the rain. They reached the banks of a fast running 272 00:20:14,200 --> 00:20:17,639 Speaker 1: river too deep for them to wade across, so the 273 00:20:17,680 --> 00:20:21,840 Speaker 1: men dismounted and the horses began to swim, with the 274 00:20:21,920 --> 00:20:29,119 Speaker 1: marines hanging onto their tails. Suddenly, bullets zipping past the 275 00:20:29,200 --> 00:20:32,879 Speaker 1: men into the water. That guy they threatened with death. 276 00:20:33,640 --> 00:20:39,080 Speaker 1: He had led them right into a trap. The marines 277 00:20:39,119 --> 00:20:43,320 Speaker 1: were surrounded by hundreds of cacos. By a stroke of 278 00:20:43,400 --> 00:20:46,920 Speaker 1: crazy luck, all of the marines made it across the river. 279 00:20:47,520 --> 00:20:52,240 Speaker 1: Their animals weren't so fortunate. After the men got to safety, 280 00:20:52,680 --> 00:20:55,960 Speaker 1: Butler ordered Dan to set up the machine gun, but 281 00:20:56,040 --> 00:20:57,960 Speaker 1: it had been strapped to the back of one of 282 00:20:57,960 --> 00:21:02,240 Speaker 1: the pack horses, and that horse was at the bottom 283 00:21:02,720 --> 00:21:06,560 Speaker 1: of the river. Butler tried to figure out what they 284 00:21:06,640 --> 00:21:13,160 Speaker 1: can do instead, and Dan just disappeared. He crawled back 285 00:21:13,160 --> 00:21:17,720 Speaker 1: to the river through the underbrush. That caco's bullet sheared 286 00:21:17,840 --> 00:21:22,280 Speaker 1: off the sticks and leaves around him. Then he plunged 287 00:21:22,440 --> 00:21:26,639 Speaker 1: into the river. He dived over and over into the 288 00:21:26,680 --> 00:21:31,240 Speaker 1: depths of that cold and murky water, trying to locate 289 00:21:31,359 --> 00:21:36,159 Speaker 1: each dead horse, until finally he found the one with 290 00:21:36,240 --> 00:21:40,080 Speaker 1: the machine gun tied to its back. Then he dove 291 00:21:40,280 --> 00:21:45,239 Speaker 1: even deeper, holding onto the horse underwater, Dan cut the 292 00:21:45,280 --> 00:21:48,479 Speaker 1: gun loose. He broke the surface of the water and 293 00:21:48,600 --> 00:21:52,480 Speaker 1: gasped for air. Then he swam back to the river bank, 294 00:21:52,920 --> 00:21:57,399 Speaker 1: dragging the gun somehow, dodging bullets. He made it to 295 00:21:57,480 --> 00:22:00,240 Speaker 1: shore and then He strapped the gun to his back 296 00:22:00,520 --> 00:22:02,920 Speaker 1: and carried it to the high ground where the rest 297 00:22:02,920 --> 00:22:07,320 Speaker 1: of the Marines were. Dan threw the gun down, and 298 00:22:07,359 --> 00:22:10,960 Speaker 1: I can only imagine they were like, how the hell 299 00:22:11,040 --> 00:22:15,600 Speaker 1: did you get that? But by now they were surrounded. 300 00:22:16,359 --> 00:22:21,159 Speaker 1: Butler said, quote all the men were praying, Even hard 301 00:22:21,359 --> 00:22:24,760 Speaker 1: boiled marines pray when they feel helplessly snared in a 302 00:22:24,800 --> 00:22:29,879 Speaker 1: death trap. Don was breaking. Butler divided the men into 303 00:22:29,880 --> 00:22:34,280 Speaker 1: three squads and told them to go in three different directions, 304 00:22:34,680 --> 00:22:39,560 Speaker 1: shooting everyone they could see. That machine gun helped a 305 00:22:39,680 --> 00:22:45,080 Speaker 1: whole lot. The Marines were eventually able to make their 306 00:22:45,119 --> 00:22:51,840 Speaker 1: way back to safety, sleepless, exhausted, and hungry, marching one 307 00:22:51,960 --> 00:22:57,760 Speaker 1: hundred and twenty miles in five days, all without losing 308 00:22:57,960 --> 00:23:02,840 Speaker 1: a man. Later on, Butler recommended Dan for the Medal 309 00:23:02,840 --> 00:23:06,639 Speaker 1: of Honor, saying quote, I wouldn't have had the courage 310 00:23:06,680 --> 00:23:10,280 Speaker 1: to do that. Remember, he went back on his own 311 00:23:10,359 --> 00:23:14,639 Speaker 1: initiative without a hint or suggestion from me, And that's 312 00:23:14,640 --> 00:23:19,720 Speaker 1: how fighting Dan Daily got his second medal. Dan left 313 00:23:19,720 --> 00:23:23,800 Speaker 1: Haiti in January of nineteen sixteen, headed for New York, 314 00:23:24,280 --> 00:23:28,160 Speaker 1: where his mom and siblings still lived, but the Marines 315 00:23:28,200 --> 00:23:32,280 Speaker 1: would stay in Haiti for another nineteen years, fighting the 316 00:23:32,320 --> 00:23:36,160 Speaker 1: rebels and anyone else who objected to the US presence. 317 00:23:36,880 --> 00:23:40,440 Speaker 2: Till nineteen thirty four. Contingents of the United States Marines 318 00:23:40,560 --> 00:23:44,919 Speaker 2: keep border in Haiti, withdrawing only when Haiti finally becomes 319 00:23:45,000 --> 00:23:47,880 Speaker 2: nation of peace and prosperity. 320 00:23:52,200 --> 00:23:58,600 Speaker 1: Well that's not exactly what happened, is it. Dan and 321 00:23:58,640 --> 00:24:01,920 Speaker 1: Smedley Darlington Butler and the rest of the Marines had 322 00:24:02,000 --> 00:24:06,199 Speaker 1: risked life and limb, but one of them at least 323 00:24:06,640 --> 00:24:22,840 Speaker 1: would look back in wonder for what. Let's go back 324 00:24:22,840 --> 00:24:26,640 Speaker 1: to France where we started this episode. It was World 325 00:24:26,680 --> 00:24:32,320 Speaker 1: War One, the Zillian conflict. Dan had seen just one 326 00:24:32,440 --> 00:24:35,560 Speaker 1: more port of call for him. But the Marines had 327 00:24:35,640 --> 00:24:39,400 Speaker 1: changed massively in the almost twenty years that Dan had 328 00:24:39,440 --> 00:24:43,920 Speaker 1: been enlisted. For one thing, they were so much bigger. 329 00:24:44,640 --> 00:24:47,320 Speaker 1: By the end of World War One, there would be 330 00:24:47,400 --> 00:24:52,800 Speaker 1: about twenty four hundred officers and seventy thousand enlisted men. 331 00:24:53,880 --> 00:24:57,600 Speaker 1: Dan put his combat experience to work. He trained new 332 00:24:57,640 --> 00:25:02,879 Speaker 1: recruits and got them ready for war. Ironically, he was 333 00:25:02,920 --> 00:25:07,200 Speaker 1: a stickler for detail, ready to restrict a man's leave 334 00:25:07,520 --> 00:25:12,720 Speaker 1: if his uniform wasn't pressed right, A far cry from 335 00:25:12,800 --> 00:25:17,200 Speaker 1: old drunk Dan, who spent weeks in the brig Anyway, 336 00:25:17,520 --> 00:25:20,160 Speaker 1: he and the rest of the six Marine shipped out 337 00:25:20,160 --> 00:25:24,680 Speaker 1: to France in October of nineteen seventeen. Dan was still 338 00:25:24,680 --> 00:25:28,720 Speaker 1: in fighting shape. Are we surprised and ready to go 339 00:25:28,840 --> 00:25:33,680 Speaker 1: to the front. It was chaos, but Dan just kept 340 00:25:33,680 --> 00:25:38,600 Speaker 1: being Dan. He single handedly put out a fire in 341 00:25:38,680 --> 00:25:44,720 Speaker 1: an ammunition train. He destroyed enemy machine guns, He captured 342 00:25:44,800 --> 00:25:52,520 Speaker 1: fourteen Germans all by himself, you know the usual. Then 343 00:25:52,640 --> 00:25:55,399 Speaker 1: came June tenth, the day on that heel where he 344 00:25:55,520 --> 00:25:59,720 Speaker 1: gave that famous battle cry. And when Dan yelled, come on, 345 00:25:59,800 --> 00:26:03,040 Speaker 1: you sons of bitches, do you want to live forever? 346 00:26:04,080 --> 00:26:08,640 Speaker 1: Maybe his men thought, well, he's kind of lived forever, right, 347 00:26:09,320 --> 00:26:12,520 Speaker 1: and he was a legend. So his men entered that 348 00:26:12,600 --> 00:26:17,760 Speaker 1: field with a roar Dan leading the way. They fought 349 00:26:17,760 --> 00:26:22,320 Speaker 1: for many days. Eventually they were victorious, but Dan was wounded. 350 00:26:23,280 --> 00:26:25,679 Speaker 1: His injuries would keep him out of the rest of 351 00:26:25,720 --> 00:26:29,680 Speaker 1: the war. But let's go back to that famous line. 352 00:26:29,880 --> 00:26:33,440 Speaker 1: When Dan got back to the United States, he claimed 353 00:26:33,800 --> 00:26:37,960 Speaker 1: he never actually said it. The real version he said 354 00:26:38,080 --> 00:26:42,400 Speaker 1: was more like, for gracious sakes, you chaps, leave us 355 00:26:42,600 --> 00:26:47,800 Speaker 1: charge the foe, Not exactly convincing from a man who 356 00:26:47,880 --> 00:26:53,280 Speaker 1: could reportedly swear in seven languages and never repeat the 357 00:26:53,320 --> 00:26:57,439 Speaker 1: same curse twice. But anyway, Dan was one of the 358 00:26:57,480 --> 00:27:01,800 Speaker 1: most decorated men of World War One, but he didn't 359 00:27:01,800 --> 00:27:05,200 Speaker 1: care about the hardware. As he once put it, quote, 360 00:27:05,640 --> 00:27:08,120 Speaker 1: any stiff can go out and win a few medals 361 00:27:08,359 --> 00:27:13,199 Speaker 1: if he ain't entirely out of luck. He was recommended 362 00:27:13,240 --> 00:27:16,720 Speaker 1: for yet another Medal of Honor after France, but he 363 00:27:16,800 --> 00:27:21,200 Speaker 1: received a Distinguished Service Cross instead. Maybe the higher ups 364 00:27:21,200 --> 00:27:25,280 Speaker 1: thought three medals of honor would be overkilled. He didn't 365 00:27:25,280 --> 00:27:29,600 Speaker 1: need them anyway. Every Marine knew his name. In fact, 366 00:27:30,119 --> 00:27:33,720 Speaker 1: his bravery and service helped to define what it meant 367 00:27:33,720 --> 00:27:39,320 Speaker 1: to be a marine. Dan Daley retired from active service 368 00:27:39,359 --> 00:27:44,000 Speaker 1: in the Marines in nineteen twenty and fully retired in 369 00:27:44,080 --> 00:27:48,880 Speaker 1: nineteen twenty nine. In pictures from that time, he's fit 370 00:27:49,119 --> 00:27:52,639 Speaker 1: and trim as ever, with posture that would make Mary 371 00:27:52,720 --> 00:27:57,240 Speaker 1: Poppins proud. He had never married, and when asked why, 372 00:27:57,280 --> 00:28:00,760 Speaker 1: he responded, quote, I can't see how now a single 373 00:28:00,880 --> 00:28:04,600 Speaker 1: man could spend his time better than in the Marines. 374 00:28:05,800 --> 00:28:08,560 Speaker 1: He lived with his sister and her family and queens, 375 00:28:08,960 --> 00:28:11,760 Speaker 1: and took a job as a bank guard. He liked 376 00:28:11,760 --> 00:28:13,680 Speaker 1: to work at night so he could go to baseball 377 00:28:13,720 --> 00:28:17,080 Speaker 1: games during the day, and the kids in the neighborhood 378 00:28:17,680 --> 00:28:22,520 Speaker 1: loved him. One of them remembered quote, I've never met 379 00:28:22,720 --> 00:28:28,240 Speaker 1: a quieter, more thoughtful man, so kind, so cheerful. He 380 00:28:28,320 --> 00:28:32,160 Speaker 1: loved all of us children, and we all loved him. 381 00:28:32,720 --> 00:28:37,000 Speaker 1: Not what you were expecting, am I right? Dan wasn't 382 00:28:37,119 --> 00:28:41,000 Speaker 1: much for speeches or interviews. He refused to talk about 383 00:28:41,000 --> 00:28:45,560 Speaker 1: his famous battles. He told his boss at the bank quote, oh, 384 00:28:45,600 --> 00:28:49,920 Speaker 1: there really wasn't much to it. But while Dan hated 385 00:28:50,000 --> 00:28:56,480 Speaker 1: the spotlight, remember his commander, Smedley Darlington Butler Old Gimlday. 386 00:28:57,600 --> 00:29:02,959 Speaker 1: Butler was a major general, also received two Medals of Honor, 387 00:29:03,520 --> 00:29:07,600 Speaker 1: the only other Marine to do so. And while Dan 388 00:29:07,760 --> 00:29:13,360 Speaker 1: kept quiet, Butler did the exact opposite. He looked back 389 00:29:13,400 --> 00:29:16,760 Speaker 1: and questioned what he and Dan had been doing in 390 00:29:16,840 --> 00:29:22,400 Speaker 1: all those countries for all those years. Sure, in World 391 00:29:22,480 --> 00:29:26,080 Speaker 1: War One, the Marines were fighting for democracy, for a 392 00:29:26,160 --> 00:29:30,640 Speaker 1: principle they could actually believe in. But what about those 393 00:29:30,840 --> 00:29:36,280 Speaker 1: other random places where they'd put their lives on the line. 394 00:29:36,400 --> 00:29:40,160 Speaker 1: Butler retired from the Corps in nineteen thirty one, just 395 00:29:40,320 --> 00:29:43,840 Speaker 1: as the Great Depression was pushing the country deep into poverty, 396 00:29:44,520 --> 00:29:47,880 Speaker 1: he went on a lecture tour talking about how marines 397 00:29:47,920 --> 00:29:51,520 Speaker 1: had been pawns, risking death to put profits in the 398 00:29:51,600 --> 00:29:57,000 Speaker 1: hands of private citizens. Recordings of those speeches haven't survived, 399 00:29:57,880 --> 00:30:02,320 Speaker 1: But here's old Gimletai speaking to a group of unemployed 400 00:30:02,480 --> 00:30:04,120 Speaker 1: World War One veterans. 401 00:30:04,680 --> 00:30:06,880 Speaker 2: Thanks me, so damn man. A whole lot of people 402 00:30:07,360 --> 00:30:08,800 Speaker 2: speak of you tramps. 403 00:30:09,080 --> 00:30:11,520 Speaker 3: Why God, they didn't speak of his tramps. In nineteen 404 00:30:11,600 --> 00:30:12,920 Speaker 3: seventeen and nineteen. 405 00:30:14,120 --> 00:30:18,280 Speaker 1: He wrote quote, I spent thirty three years and four 406 00:30:18,320 --> 00:30:22,000 Speaker 1: months in active service as a member of our country's 407 00:30:22,040 --> 00:30:26,880 Speaker 1: most agile military force, the Marine Corps. And during that 408 00:30:26,960 --> 00:30:30,080 Speaker 1: period I spent most of my time being a high 409 00:30:30,080 --> 00:30:34,360 Speaker 1: class muscleman for big business, for Wall Street and for 410 00:30:34,440 --> 00:30:39,880 Speaker 1: the bankers. I helped make Mexico safe for American oil interests. 411 00:30:40,200 --> 00:30:43,640 Speaker 1: I helped make Haiti and Cuba a decent place for 412 00:30:43,720 --> 00:30:47,960 Speaker 1: the National City Bank boys in China. I helped to 413 00:30:48,000 --> 00:30:52,560 Speaker 1: see to it that standard oil went its way unmolested. 414 00:30:55,440 --> 00:30:59,239 Speaker 1: To be clear, Butler wasn't a crank. He was a 415 00:30:59,280 --> 00:31:03,640 Speaker 1: decorated veteran who loved his country and love the core 416 00:31:04,880 --> 00:31:07,720 Speaker 1: Butler helped push the Marines even further from being a 417 00:31:07,760 --> 00:31:12,200 Speaker 1: police force for American business and into what they are today. 418 00:31:13,160 --> 00:31:15,520 Speaker 1: We don't know what Dan Daly made of his former 419 00:31:15,560 --> 00:31:19,640 Speaker 1: commander's views, but when I think about Butler's outrage about 420 00:31:19,640 --> 00:31:24,200 Speaker 1: the Marines risking their lives for big business, I think 421 00:31:24,240 --> 00:31:28,160 Speaker 1: he must have been imagining Dan racing back to that 422 00:31:28,320 --> 00:31:32,800 Speaker 1: rushing river, diving through the bullets to save his men. 423 00:31:34,040 --> 00:31:38,080 Speaker 1: Butler must have thought a man like that should only 424 00:31:38,160 --> 00:31:46,160 Speaker 1: be asked to serve the highest cause. In nineteen thirty seven, 425 00:31:46,680 --> 00:31:50,160 Speaker 1: when he was in his mid sixties, Dan accepted an 426 00:31:50,160 --> 00:31:54,600 Speaker 1: invitation to march in the parade for Franklin Delano Roosevelt's 427 00:31:54,680 --> 00:32:00,120 Speaker 1: second inauguration. It fell on a wet and cold January day. 428 00:32:00,640 --> 00:32:05,080 Speaker 1: He spent hours standing and marching in the downpour. He 429 00:32:05,120 --> 00:32:08,800 Speaker 1: caught a cold, which led to pneumonia, which weakened his 430 00:32:09,000 --> 00:32:13,240 Speaker 1: already damaged heart. Dan died just a few months later. 431 00:32:13,920 --> 00:32:17,760 Speaker 1: He was buried back on Long Island with full military honors. 432 00:32:20,040 --> 00:32:25,640 Speaker 1: Even he couldn't live forever. But that famous quote, well, 433 00:32:25,720 --> 00:32:29,320 Speaker 1: that quote is never going to die. It's carved into 434 00:32:29,360 --> 00:32:32,600 Speaker 1: the wall of the National Museum of the Marine Corps 435 00:32:32,680 --> 00:32:36,080 Speaker 1: in Quantico. It speaks to a time when men like 436 00:32:36,200 --> 00:32:40,680 Speaker 1: Dan set a new standard for bravery in the service 437 00:32:40,840 --> 00:32:46,000 Speaker 1: of something that wasn't always clear. Dan didn't ask to 438 00:32:46,040 --> 00:32:49,480 Speaker 1: share in the spoils of war. None of the Marines did. 439 00:32:50,360 --> 00:32:54,520 Speaker 1: They didn't fight for standard oil or the National City Bank, 440 00:32:55,920 --> 00:32:59,360 Speaker 1: as the Marine Corps him puts it. They fought for 441 00:32:59,600 --> 00:33:05,040 Speaker 1: right and freedom and to keep their honor clean. And 442 00:33:05,240 --> 00:33:08,400 Speaker 1: that is what they put their lives in the line for, 443 00:33:10,040 --> 00:33:45,880 Speaker 1: over and over again. Medal of Honor Stories of Courage 444 00:33:46,240 --> 00:33:49,400 Speaker 1: is written by Meredith Rollins and produced by Meredith Rollins 445 00:33:49,440 --> 00:33:53,800 Speaker 1: and Jess Shane. Our editor is Ben Adolf Hoffriy. Sound 446 00:33:53,800 --> 00:33:58,000 Speaker 1: design and additional music by Jake Gorsky. Our executive producer 447 00:33:58,320 --> 00:34:03,160 Speaker 1: is Gonstanza Gayadovo. Fact checking by Arthur Gomperts and original 448 00:34:03,240 --> 00:34:08,040 Speaker 1: music by Eric Phillips. Production support by Suzanne Gabber. Don't 449 00:34:08,040 --> 00:34:10,480 Speaker 1: forget we also want to hear from you. Send us 450 00:34:10,480 --> 00:34:14,360 Speaker 1: your personal story of courage or highlight someone else's bravery. 451 00:34:14,960 --> 00:34:19,800 Speaker 1: Just email us at Medal of Honor at Pushkin dot fm. 452 00:34:19,960 --> 00:34:22,279 Speaker 1: You also might hear your stories on future episodes of 453 00:34:22,320 --> 00:34:25,240 Speaker 1: Metal of Honor, or see them on our social channels 454 00:34:25,360 --> 00:34:31,080 Speaker 1: at Pushkin Pods. I'm your host, JR. Martinez