1 00:00:08,440 --> 00:00:10,799 Speaker 1: Hey, Daniel, are you enjoying all the good TV shows 2 00:00:10,800 --> 00:00:14,360 Speaker 1: out there? There's definitely a lot to watch. But as 3 00:00:14,360 --> 00:00:16,560 Speaker 1: a physicists, are you able to enjoy some of these 4 00:00:16,600 --> 00:00:19,560 Speaker 1: and turn your physics brain off mostly except when it 5 00:00:19,680 --> 00:00:24,240 Speaker 1: really challenges me with exceptional nonsense? You mean plot wise 6 00:00:24,480 --> 00:00:27,240 Speaker 1: or science wise? Is there a difference? I mean plots 7 00:00:27,280 --> 00:00:30,080 Speaker 1: have to be scientific, otherwise they're not plots. I think 8 00:00:30,120 --> 00:00:33,800 Speaker 1: by definition, creativity is not scientific. I think by definition, 9 00:00:33,800 --> 00:00:36,160 Speaker 1: plots rely on cause and effect, which is the root 10 00:00:36,200 --> 00:00:39,080 Speaker 1: of all science. Are you talking about time trouble? That 11 00:00:39,320 --> 00:00:41,960 Speaker 1: is one of the worst offenders. It makes me wish 12 00:00:42,000 --> 00:00:44,040 Speaker 1: I could travel back in time and talk to the 13 00:00:44,080 --> 00:00:47,000 Speaker 1: writers before they make both choices. Wait, wait, what wouldn't 14 00:00:47,000 --> 00:00:49,640 Speaker 1: that create a paradox? Like if you go back in 15 00:00:49,720 --> 00:00:52,320 Speaker 1: time and prevent them from writing the show, then you 16 00:00:52,320 --> 00:00:55,880 Speaker 1: wouldn't have seen the show. That sounds pretty good to me. Actually, 17 00:00:56,040 --> 00:00:58,760 Speaker 1: that sounds like a good plot. Yeah, they would make 18 00:00:58,800 --> 00:01:02,440 Speaker 1: your life nonsensical. My life already feels nonsensible. Then you're 19 00:01:02,440 --> 00:01:04,520 Speaker 1: going to get a low rating on rotten tweatoes my 20 00:01:04,560 --> 00:01:07,160 Speaker 1: own review of the scientific validity of my own life. 21 00:01:07,240 --> 00:01:08,959 Speaker 1: But what if you go back in time and prevent 22 00:01:09,040 --> 00:01:12,360 Speaker 1: yourself from watching the show. That could sort of work, right, 23 00:01:12,640 --> 00:01:14,679 Speaker 1: or I guess technically to make sense, you would still 24 00:01:14,720 --> 00:01:16,840 Speaker 1: have to watch it, in which case you'll be watching 25 00:01:16,840 --> 00:01:19,680 Speaker 1: it over and over again and again and again in 26 00:01:19,720 --> 00:01:23,440 Speaker 1: an infinite loop that sounds like a nightmare. I mean, 27 00:01:23,440 --> 00:01:25,959 Speaker 1: you just watch it until you finally like it, and 28 00:01:26,000 --> 00:01:28,240 Speaker 1: I would break you out of the loop that might 29 00:01:28,280 --> 00:01:46,000 Speaker 1: take forever. I am poor Hamming cartoonists and the creator 30 00:01:46,040 --> 00:01:49,520 Speaker 1: of PhD comics. Hi, I'm Daniel. I'm a particle physicist 31 00:01:49,600 --> 00:01:51,720 Speaker 1: and a professor at U C Irvine, and I give 32 00:01:51,800 --> 00:01:55,400 Speaker 1: every science fiction show one episode to win me over. Wow, 33 00:01:55,520 --> 00:01:58,880 Speaker 1: you have you watch every pilot of every single science 34 00:01:58,920 --> 00:02:01,040 Speaker 1: we can show out there? Is that part of your 35 00:02:01,080 --> 00:02:04,480 Speaker 1: job as a physicist or is this just a personal vendetta. 36 00:02:04,720 --> 00:02:07,120 Speaker 1: I'm not saying that I watch every show that exists, 37 00:02:07,240 --> 00:02:09,920 Speaker 1: but every science fiction show that I do watch, I 38 00:02:10,040 --> 00:02:12,240 Speaker 1: really give it the benefit of doubt for an episode 39 00:02:12,480 --> 00:02:15,320 Speaker 1: to prove that it makes some sense, and if it 40 00:02:15,320 --> 00:02:17,239 Speaker 1: doesn't hook you in, you stop watching it. If the 41 00:02:17,280 --> 00:02:19,800 Speaker 1: plot is nonsense, then the story is just not compelling 42 00:02:19,800 --> 00:02:22,919 Speaker 1: because anything can happen at any time, and so why 43 00:02:23,040 --> 00:02:25,680 Speaker 1: even watch who cares what the characters do. So your 44 00:02:25,720 --> 00:02:28,280 Speaker 1: attention span is basically what one hour. What if it's 45 00:02:28,280 --> 00:02:30,400 Speaker 1: a slow bill. Slow bill is fine as long as 46 00:02:30,440 --> 00:02:33,200 Speaker 1: it makes sense in the first episode. If they make 47 00:02:33,240 --> 00:02:35,320 Speaker 1: a bunch of rules and then break them already in 48 00:02:35,320 --> 00:02:38,280 Speaker 1: the first episode, I'm out. I see. So you're watching 49 00:02:38,320 --> 00:02:42,280 Speaker 1: Alice in Wonderland. You're like stoves down next Daniel Pan's 50 00:02:42,320 --> 00:02:47,280 Speaker 1: great literature. That's exactly, but it seems like But anyways, 51 00:02:47,280 --> 00:02:50,119 Speaker 1: Welcome to our podcast, Daniel and Jorge Explain the Universe, 52 00:02:50,280 --> 00:02:52,840 Speaker 1: a production of My Heart Radio in which we try 53 00:02:52,919 --> 00:02:56,000 Speaker 1: to explain and describe the universe, of which I am 54 00:02:56,080 --> 00:02:59,120 Speaker 1: a great fan because so far the universe seems to 55 00:02:59,320 --> 00:03:01,440 Speaker 1: make some sense. There are lots of cases where the 56 00:03:01,560 --> 00:03:04,560 Speaker 1: universe does something that we do not yet understand, but 57 00:03:04,639 --> 00:03:08,240 Speaker 1: by application of our mental framework and our mathematical models, 58 00:03:08,320 --> 00:03:12,079 Speaker 1: and our sheer persistence and stubbornness, we have always been 59 00:03:12,120 --> 00:03:15,600 Speaker 1: able to understand everything that we observe. It seems to 60 00:03:15,639 --> 00:03:18,560 Speaker 1: be some sort of logic behind the universe, some rules 61 00:03:18,639 --> 00:03:22,160 Speaker 1: that it follows, and those rules we can uncover. And 62 00:03:22,240 --> 00:03:24,720 Speaker 1: on this podcast we do our best to explain what 63 00:03:24,800 --> 00:03:26,960 Speaker 1: we do and do not know about those rules to 64 00:03:27,040 --> 00:03:30,640 Speaker 1: you in our universe and in fictional universes. That's right. 65 00:03:30,720 --> 00:03:33,720 Speaker 1: It is a pretty engrossing universe, full of interesting plot 66 00:03:33,760 --> 00:03:37,360 Speaker 1: twists and characters and amazing world building. I mean, what 67 00:03:37,440 --> 00:03:40,240 Speaker 1: could be a bigger world built than the entire universe? 68 00:03:41,000 --> 00:03:44,200 Speaker 1: I guess technically the multiverse is bigger than the universe, right, 69 00:03:44,640 --> 00:03:47,960 Speaker 1: so Marvel is bigger than reality. It's like multiple seasons 70 00:03:48,000 --> 00:03:50,720 Speaker 1: of the universe make up the multiverse. But I feel 71 00:03:50,720 --> 00:03:52,920 Speaker 1: like Danny, you're saying that you like the universe because 72 00:03:52,920 --> 00:03:54,840 Speaker 1: it makes sense, but maybe you don't like people because 73 00:03:54,840 --> 00:03:57,840 Speaker 1: people don't know. People do make sense. Just because we 74 00:03:57,880 --> 00:04:00,440 Speaker 1: don't understand it yet doesn't mean they don't make sense. 75 00:04:00,520 --> 00:04:02,800 Speaker 1: I mean, are you suggesting that people don't follow some 76 00:04:02,880 --> 00:04:06,080 Speaker 1: laws of physics, that we are like exempt somehow from 77 00:04:06,360 --> 00:04:08,600 Speaker 1: natural laws of the universe. I'm saying, if you read 78 00:04:08,640 --> 00:04:11,560 Speaker 1: the news these days, it's hard to find any sense 79 00:04:11,560 --> 00:04:13,760 Speaker 1: and anything people do these days. I think that there's 80 00:04:13,800 --> 00:04:15,880 Speaker 1: two kind of things out there, things we understand and 81 00:04:15,920 --> 00:04:19,720 Speaker 1: things we don't yet understand. Well, understanding things is what 82 00:04:19,760 --> 00:04:22,000 Speaker 1: we are here, and that's what this podcast is all about. 83 00:04:22,040 --> 00:04:24,159 Speaker 1: We try to look at the universe and try to 84 00:04:24,200 --> 00:04:26,760 Speaker 1: find sense of it, even if it sometimes doesn't make 85 00:04:26,800 --> 00:04:30,280 Speaker 1: sense completely. We hope that one day science will unravel 86 00:04:30,320 --> 00:04:32,240 Speaker 1: all of the mysteries of the universe, but there may 87 00:04:32,279 --> 00:04:36,440 Speaker 1: be a fundamental limit to human capacity to understand the cosmos. 88 00:04:36,520 --> 00:04:39,800 Speaker 1: After all, your dog probably doesn't understand the universe as 89 00:04:39,839 --> 00:04:42,080 Speaker 1: well as we do, and so unless you assume the 90 00:04:42,160 --> 00:04:45,800 Speaker 1: humans are infinitely intelligent or maximally intelligent, it might be 91 00:04:45,839 --> 00:04:48,839 Speaker 1: that the universe can't escape our understanding. Well, I feel 92 00:04:48,880 --> 00:04:51,480 Speaker 1: like dogs look happier than humans a lot of the times, 93 00:04:52,279 --> 00:04:55,360 Speaker 1: so maybe they figure out something we haven't. Ignorance is bliss, 94 00:04:55,400 --> 00:04:57,880 Speaker 1: that's what dogs have figured out. But scientists are not 95 00:04:57,880 --> 00:04:59,599 Speaker 1: the only ones trying to make sense of the universe 96 00:04:59,680 --> 00:05:01,680 Speaker 1: or try to paint a picture of the universe that 97 00:05:01,800 --> 00:05:04,680 Speaker 1: makes sense. There are also creative artists and writers trying 98 00:05:04,680 --> 00:05:08,120 Speaker 1: to make science fiction television and films that let us 99 00:05:08,120 --> 00:05:10,680 Speaker 1: think about these awesome ideas about the universe. And I 100 00:05:10,720 --> 00:05:15,040 Speaker 1: think there's an underappreciated overlap between the creative efforts of 101 00:05:15,200 --> 00:05:19,840 Speaker 1: storytellers and the descriptive powers of scientists. In the end, 102 00:05:19,920 --> 00:05:22,560 Speaker 1: science is not a dry list of facts. It's an 103 00:05:22,600 --> 00:05:27,000 Speaker 1: explanation of the universe in the sense we aren't telling stories. 104 00:05:27,360 --> 00:05:30,440 Speaker 1: We're saying this mass mood because there was a force 105 00:05:30,520 --> 00:05:33,479 Speaker 1: on it. That's a story about what happened to the mass. 106 00:05:33,480 --> 00:05:35,760 Speaker 1: So science, in the end is a story that humans 107 00:05:35,760 --> 00:05:38,160 Speaker 1: tell to each other to explain the universe that they 108 00:05:38,200 --> 00:05:40,919 Speaker 1: see around them. Here's why this happened, Here's why it 109 00:05:40,960 --> 00:05:44,359 Speaker 1: reigned last Wednesday, Here's why you don't have anything to 110 00:05:44,400 --> 00:05:46,760 Speaker 1: eat for dinner tonight. And in the same way, creative 111 00:05:46,800 --> 00:05:50,239 Speaker 1: types are telling stories in fictional universes, wondering what stories 112 00:05:50,400 --> 00:05:53,160 Speaker 1: can exist and what human experiences might be like in 113 00:05:53,360 --> 00:05:57,279 Speaker 1: other universes where the rules are different. But I feel Daniel, 114 00:05:57,320 --> 00:06:00,000 Speaker 1: isn't that sort of anti scientific to go into science 115 00:06:00,040 --> 00:06:03,320 Speaker 1: and expecting things to make sense? Shoulding you, as a scientist, 116 00:06:03,360 --> 00:06:06,160 Speaker 1: go into it with a completely open mind to maybe 117 00:06:06,160 --> 00:06:08,599 Speaker 1: the possibility the universe doesn't make sense. I think if 118 00:06:08,640 --> 00:06:10,479 Speaker 1: you're going to take a scientific approach, you have to 119 00:06:10,520 --> 00:06:13,599 Speaker 1: assume that science works, and it might fail at some point, 120 00:06:13,680 --> 00:06:16,120 Speaker 1: but so far it's been pretty successful. There are a 121 00:06:16,160 --> 00:06:18,680 Speaker 1: lot of really interesting assumptions at the foundation of science. 122 00:06:18,720 --> 00:06:21,679 Speaker 1: You know that empiricism works, that we can test theories 123 00:06:21,760 --> 00:06:24,320 Speaker 1: that scientific laws don't change with times, so we can 124 00:06:24,320 --> 00:06:26,600 Speaker 1: do an experiment now and a hundred years from now 125 00:06:26,600 --> 00:06:28,720 Speaker 1: we get the same answer. One of those might one 126 00:06:28,800 --> 00:06:32,120 Speaker 1: day fail and that would be a fascinating philosophical discovery. Yeah, 127 00:06:32,160 --> 00:06:34,440 Speaker 1: that'd be quite the plot twist. I wonder if then 128 00:06:34,440 --> 00:06:37,120 Speaker 1: you would give it a negative review. To the universe. 129 00:06:37,960 --> 00:06:40,760 Speaker 1: You go online and like, you know, try to get 130 00:06:41,320 --> 00:06:44,880 Speaker 1: try to lowerd ron Tomato score. Somebody cancel season two 131 00:06:44,880 --> 00:06:48,960 Speaker 1: of this universe. I'm not a fan. It doesn't apply 132 00:06:49,040 --> 00:06:52,680 Speaker 1: to me. I don't like it. My standards are pretty low, really, 133 00:06:52,839 --> 00:06:55,640 Speaker 1: I just want you to have rules and follow them. 134 00:06:55,680 --> 00:06:59,640 Speaker 1: So far, the universe is satisfying that pretty basic requirement. 135 00:06:59,800 --> 00:07:01,960 Speaker 1: If it breaks that, if it turns out the universe 136 00:07:02,120 --> 00:07:05,760 Speaker 1: is just random nonsense fundamentally, deep down, I will admit 137 00:07:05,760 --> 00:07:09,520 Speaker 1: to being disappointed. But we've we've sort of feared that 138 00:07:09,520 --> 00:07:11,640 Speaker 1: out happen. We I mean, at the quantum level, things 139 00:07:11,680 --> 00:07:14,920 Speaker 1: are random, aren't they. Well, there is randomness, but there's 140 00:07:14,960 --> 00:07:18,400 Speaker 1: not nonsense. Quantum mechanics does predict the future. It's deterministic 141 00:07:18,480 --> 00:07:22,640 Speaker 1: about the probability distribution for the future that is fixed 142 00:07:22,680 --> 00:07:26,200 Speaker 1: in stone, just which branch of that probability is random. 143 00:07:26,240 --> 00:07:28,800 Speaker 1: But that doesn't mean it's nonsense, right, it still makes 144 00:07:29,000 --> 00:07:32,960 Speaker 1: some sense. That's why quantum mechanical things like transistors in 145 00:07:33,040 --> 00:07:35,400 Speaker 1: your phones are working. Right now, I feel like you're 146 00:07:35,400 --> 00:07:38,800 Speaker 1: saying that nonsense makes sense because that makes you a 147 00:07:38,840 --> 00:07:42,600 Speaker 1: sleep better at night. As a scientist, I'm saying there's 148 00:07:42,720 --> 00:07:46,000 Speaker 1: nuances of nonsense. I see, there's the there's a sense 149 00:07:46,040 --> 00:07:49,520 Speaker 1: of sense and nonsense. But we do like to talk 150 00:07:49,520 --> 00:07:54,200 Speaker 1: about the creative efforts of writers and novelists and filmmakers 151 00:07:54,240 --> 00:07:57,000 Speaker 1: who try to paint interesting pictures about the universe who 152 00:07:57,040 --> 00:07:59,920 Speaker 1: I think, like you said, it's sometimes take interesting ideas 153 00:08:00,000 --> 00:08:02,680 Speaker 1: from science and then try to extrapolate that and see 154 00:08:02,960 --> 00:08:05,400 Speaker 1: how far you can push those ideas. Yeah, and one 155 00:08:05,400 --> 00:08:09,440 Speaker 1: of our earliest episodes was about the fiction of time travel, 156 00:08:09,440 --> 00:08:12,480 Speaker 1: where we analyze the physics of it, and recently on 157 00:08:12,520 --> 00:08:15,200 Speaker 1: our discord server, a bunch of listeners asked if we 158 00:08:15,200 --> 00:08:19,400 Speaker 1: would do another episode on more recent time travel fiction. Yeah, 159 00:08:19,400 --> 00:08:26,320 Speaker 1: so to be on the podcast, we'll be tackling the 160 00:08:26,400 --> 00:08:29,880 Speaker 1: science of time travel television. Now, is this going to 161 00:08:29,960 --> 00:08:32,240 Speaker 1: have a cliffhanger at the end if it is really 162 00:08:32,360 --> 00:08:35,400 Speaker 1: like television? Well, this is episode two right of the 163 00:08:35,440 --> 00:08:38,280 Speaker 1: time travel television series. So I hope this is going 164 00:08:38,320 --> 00:08:41,240 Speaker 1: to be a third episode, episode two? Or is this 165 00:08:41,320 --> 00:08:44,120 Speaker 1: a sequel? It's so hard to tell these days. Well, 166 00:08:44,160 --> 00:08:46,600 Speaker 1: if time travel is possible, then does the order even 167 00:08:46,640 --> 00:08:49,880 Speaker 1: really matter? If time doesn't matter, does anything matter? But 168 00:08:50,000 --> 00:08:51,719 Speaker 1: the way you announced the title of the episode made 169 00:08:51,760 --> 00:08:55,760 Speaker 1: me think that the television itself was traveling in time, Like, hey, 170 00:08:55,760 --> 00:08:58,280 Speaker 1: can we watch TV tonight? Now? The television went back 171 00:08:58,280 --> 00:09:02,640 Speaker 1: to nineteen fifties. It's not here right now. Well, no, 172 00:09:02,760 --> 00:09:07,479 Speaker 1: I said time travel television. I didn't say time traveling television. 173 00:09:07,720 --> 00:09:09,480 Speaker 1: That would be maybe a good show. That would be 174 00:09:09,600 --> 00:09:13,480 Speaker 1: time travel television, The Adventures of a time traveling Television. Yeah, 175 00:09:13,520 --> 00:09:16,080 Speaker 1: but what programs does it show? Like? Does it carry 176 00:09:16,160 --> 00:09:18,320 Speaker 1: does it bring the shows from a certain time back 177 00:09:18,360 --> 00:09:21,559 Speaker 1: to different spots in time? Or is it stuck in 178 00:09:21,600 --> 00:09:24,520 Speaker 1: the middle ages streaming another? Well, can the Internet broadcast 179 00:09:24,600 --> 00:09:26,880 Speaker 1: through time or does it need like a really long 180 00:09:26,920 --> 00:09:29,840 Speaker 1: time traveling cable. M Well, that is the plot of 181 00:09:29,840 --> 00:09:32,240 Speaker 1: that movie I was talking to you recently called Beyond 182 00:09:32,280 --> 00:09:34,560 Speaker 1: the Infinite two minutes. All right, well, don't spoil it 183 00:09:34,559 --> 00:09:36,840 Speaker 1: for me. It's on my two watch list and maybe 184 00:09:36,880 --> 00:09:39,480 Speaker 1: we will talk about it in the third edition of 185 00:09:39,640 --> 00:09:42,520 Speaker 1: Time Travel Science Fiction Science Reviewed. It will be like 186 00:09:42,720 --> 00:09:45,080 Speaker 1: another sequel. We'll go back in time and do it first, 187 00:09:45,120 --> 00:09:47,480 Speaker 1: so we are prequel. We technically did it first. It 188 00:09:47,520 --> 00:09:49,319 Speaker 1: wouldn't be a prequel, it just be the first one. 189 00:09:49,440 --> 00:09:52,520 Speaker 1: Oh that's right. Prequels you do afterwards that they're slotted 190 00:09:52,520 --> 00:09:56,000 Speaker 1: in time doing it. Yes, yes, and they're usually not better. Yeah, 191 00:09:56,080 --> 00:09:58,520 Speaker 1: we'll call the time travel menace. So today we'll be 192 00:09:58,559 --> 00:10:01,280 Speaker 1: talking about the science fiction of time travel and a 193 00:10:01,360 --> 00:10:04,680 Speaker 1: couple of interesting television shows that have been out recently. 194 00:10:05,120 --> 00:10:07,480 Speaker 1: And I guess we'll give it. What kind of rating 195 00:10:07,480 --> 00:10:12,680 Speaker 1: do we give it? Daniel for our glasses for time 196 00:10:12,679 --> 00:10:17,280 Speaker 1: traveling televisions for physics thumbs up. That sounds good because 197 00:10:17,280 --> 00:10:19,240 Speaker 1: between us we have four thumbs. I mean, I haven't 198 00:10:19,240 --> 00:10:22,640 Speaker 1: seen you recently, but last I remember you had two thumbs. Yes, 199 00:10:22,679 --> 00:10:26,400 Speaker 1: but I'm not a physicist. A podcast and these shows 200 00:10:26,400 --> 00:10:30,160 Speaker 1: we're reviewing are the ones requested by folks on our discord, sir, 201 00:10:30,440 --> 00:10:33,080 Speaker 1: So if you'd like to interact with us, ask questions, 202 00:10:33,120 --> 00:10:36,000 Speaker 1: and suggest topics for future episodes, please don't be shy. 203 00:10:36,160 --> 00:10:38,640 Speaker 1: Jump over to discord and join the conversation. You can 204 00:10:38,679 --> 00:10:41,720 Speaker 1: find the link on our website at www dot Daniel 205 00:10:41,760 --> 00:10:44,000 Speaker 1: and Jorge dot com. All right, well, let's maybe start 206 00:10:44,040 --> 00:10:47,120 Speaker 1: talking just generally about time travel. Daniel, What I physicists 207 00:10:47,120 --> 00:10:49,720 Speaker 1: think of time trouble? Is it possible? There's not actually 208 00:10:49,720 --> 00:10:54,040 Speaker 1: agreement on this question. Most physicists think time travel is 209 00:10:54,080 --> 00:10:58,600 Speaker 1: probably impossible because it violates something really simple and basic 210 00:10:58,720 --> 00:11:01,440 Speaker 1: that we think is part of all science, and that 211 00:11:01,640 --> 00:11:05,560 Speaker 1: is causality. That the past causes the future, that the 212 00:11:05,600 --> 00:11:10,640 Speaker 1: future is determined by the past plus some quantum mechanical randomness, 213 00:11:10,800 --> 00:11:13,880 Speaker 1: and that it doesn't go the other direction. And so 214 00:11:14,040 --> 00:11:17,000 Speaker 1: if causality is a thing, then the past can't be 215 00:11:17,080 --> 00:11:19,880 Speaker 1: a function of the future. You can't change the past 216 00:11:20,040 --> 00:11:23,720 Speaker 1: from the future. It's really pretty basic if you believe 217 00:11:23,840 --> 00:11:27,560 Speaker 1: in causality. Right. Well, although I think you know, technically 218 00:11:27,559 --> 00:11:31,280 Speaker 1: time travel is possible. We're all traveling through time right now, right, 219 00:11:31,320 --> 00:11:33,360 Speaker 1: I think maybe we need to maybe a specify a 220 00:11:33,360 --> 00:11:35,760 Speaker 1: little bit. What do you mean by time travel because 221 00:11:35,760 --> 00:11:39,120 Speaker 1: we were technically traveling time right now? Right? Yeah? Sure, 222 00:11:39,200 --> 00:11:43,600 Speaker 1: so sort of normal physics, we have three dimensional space x, y, 223 00:11:43,640 --> 00:11:47,400 Speaker 1: and z, and then we have this weird fourth dimension time. 224 00:11:48,080 --> 00:11:50,960 Speaker 1: And while in space we can move backwards and forwards. 225 00:11:51,000 --> 00:11:52,719 Speaker 1: You can go to the same spot over and over 226 00:11:52,760 --> 00:11:55,760 Speaker 1: again in time for reasons we don't really understand, you 227 00:11:55,800 --> 00:11:59,200 Speaker 1: can sort of only slide into forward direction. So technically 228 00:11:59,280 --> 00:12:02,920 Speaker 1: the whole universe versus value of time, the location of 229 00:12:03,040 --> 00:12:07,280 Speaker 1: now is changing all the time rights sliding forward, So 230 00:12:07,320 --> 00:12:10,719 Speaker 1: we are moving forwards in time. We're not being stationary 231 00:12:10,800 --> 00:12:13,760 Speaker 1: in time. So in that sense, we are traveling in time. 232 00:12:13,880 --> 00:12:16,679 Speaker 1: But from that perspective, all TV is time travel TV. 233 00:12:16,960 --> 00:12:20,560 Speaker 1: So I think more specifically, we're considering alternative views where 234 00:12:20,600 --> 00:12:24,040 Speaker 1: you can somehow move around the timeline or change the timeline, 235 00:12:24,120 --> 00:12:26,559 Speaker 1: or jump back and forth. Right like you can skip 236 00:12:26,600 --> 00:12:29,160 Speaker 1: along time, like suddenly be here and one time and 237 00:12:29,200 --> 00:12:31,600 Speaker 1: then the next a few thousand years in the future, 238 00:12:31,640 --> 00:12:33,840 Speaker 1: or a few thousand years in the past. Right skipping 239 00:12:33,880 --> 00:12:36,680 Speaker 1: around time maybe should be called time skipping maybe. And 240 00:12:36,760 --> 00:12:39,440 Speaker 1: I get why this is an attractive idea. People are 241 00:12:39,480 --> 00:12:42,360 Speaker 1: being creative and trying to imagine crazy ways the universe 242 00:12:42,440 --> 00:12:44,920 Speaker 1: might be, But I'm not sure they're always doing the 243 00:12:45,000 --> 00:12:48,040 Speaker 1: necessary work to make sure that their fictional universe actually 244 00:12:48,040 --> 00:12:51,320 Speaker 1: hangs together, is actually self consistent. Right now, when you 245 00:12:51,360 --> 00:12:53,720 Speaker 1: say a lot of physics think time travel is impossible 246 00:12:53,960 --> 00:12:57,320 Speaker 1: or time skipping isn't possible. Is that really true though, Like, 247 00:12:57,559 --> 00:13:00,520 Speaker 1: isn't it possible to skip through time and still be 248 00:13:00,920 --> 00:13:04,360 Speaker 1: consistent and still respect causality. So there are a couple 249 00:13:04,440 --> 00:13:07,520 Speaker 1: possible wrinkles, Like obviously you can skip forward in time 250 00:13:07,559 --> 00:13:10,480 Speaker 1: without breaking causality, right, Like I can maybe disappear and 251 00:13:10,520 --> 00:13:12,640 Speaker 1: appear a thousand years in the future and that wouldn't 252 00:13:12,679 --> 00:13:15,480 Speaker 1: break any logical rules. Right, Well, how you be appearing 253 00:13:15,559 --> 00:13:17,680 Speaker 1: a thousand years in the future, you know, what is 254 00:13:17,720 --> 00:13:21,360 Speaker 1: the mechanism for your appearance there? That moment when you 255 00:13:21,400 --> 00:13:24,000 Speaker 1: appear has to be caused by the moments before that. 256 00:13:24,520 --> 00:13:28,000 Speaker 1: Like in quantum mechanics, the future is determined by the past. 257 00:13:28,240 --> 00:13:30,680 Speaker 1: There's this evolution of the wave function of the universe, 258 00:13:31,000 --> 00:13:34,160 Speaker 1: and things don't just appear, right. Information in the universe 259 00:13:34,240 --> 00:13:37,840 Speaker 1: is not just arbitrarily created or destroyed. It's a function 260 00:13:37,960 --> 00:13:40,760 Speaker 1: of the past. So for things to just disappear for 261 00:13:40,800 --> 00:13:44,240 Speaker 1: a thousand years and then appear, it doesn't really make sense. 262 00:13:44,360 --> 00:13:46,040 Speaker 1: I don't know it could in my future appearance be 263 00:13:46,120 --> 00:13:49,920 Speaker 1: caused by my presence state. You could cook something up, 264 00:13:49,960 --> 00:13:53,400 Speaker 1: like Jorge goes into a black hole like thing where 265 00:13:53,440 --> 00:13:56,280 Speaker 1: you imagine he's no longer really part of the universe, 266 00:13:56,520 --> 00:13:59,760 Speaker 1: and then that black hole evaporates in a thousand years 267 00:14:00,040 --> 00:14:03,320 Speaker 1: and you or the information that is equivalent to you 268 00:14:03,440 --> 00:14:06,040 Speaker 1: somehow comes out of it. And so maybe technically you 269 00:14:06,040 --> 00:14:09,040 Speaker 1: can imagine that's not really part of our universe anymore. 270 00:14:09,120 --> 00:14:11,400 Speaker 1: But really it still is. For you to reappear in 271 00:14:11,440 --> 00:14:13,280 Speaker 1: the future, there has to be a cause of that, 272 00:14:13,600 --> 00:14:15,760 Speaker 1: and that cause has to immediately proceeded. You know, the 273 00:14:15,840 --> 00:14:18,400 Speaker 1: universe we think is local the way, like something that 274 00:14:18,520 --> 00:14:21,960 Speaker 1: happens here can't affect something that's happening super far away. 275 00:14:22,160 --> 00:14:25,560 Speaker 1: Things now can affect the immediate future, which then affects 276 00:14:25,600 --> 00:14:28,280 Speaker 1: the immediate future. But you can't just like skip forward 277 00:14:28,320 --> 00:14:31,280 Speaker 1: and say something that's happening now can affect the deep 278 00:14:31,320 --> 00:14:35,960 Speaker 1: future without affecting the intermediate time points. Right, things have 279 00:14:36,080 --> 00:14:38,360 Speaker 1: to be sort of connected to each other in physics. 280 00:14:38,400 --> 00:14:40,400 Speaker 1: But isn't there also the idea of like a wormhole. 281 00:14:40,400 --> 00:14:43,040 Speaker 1: Couldn't a wormhole take you into the future. Yeah, so 282 00:14:43,120 --> 00:14:46,320 Speaker 1: here the weird little cracks that might allow time travel 283 00:14:46,360 --> 00:14:49,920 Speaker 1: to happen. According to our understanding of general relativity, you 284 00:14:49,920 --> 00:14:53,320 Speaker 1: can do things like build wormholes where you have places 285 00:14:53,360 --> 00:14:56,080 Speaker 1: in space that do exactly that. You can connect distance 286 00:14:56,160 --> 00:14:59,120 Speaker 1: places in space. You can have a place here which 287 00:14:59,160 --> 00:15:02,600 Speaker 1: is somehow usually connected to a place somewhere else. It's 288 00:15:02,600 --> 00:15:05,920 Speaker 1: not like a literal tube. It's like that location is 289 00:15:05,960 --> 00:15:08,720 Speaker 1: now just connected to this location, so that, for example, 290 00:15:08,760 --> 00:15:11,240 Speaker 1: if you create a ripple here, it also gets created 291 00:15:11,360 --> 00:15:13,280 Speaker 1: over there. You should think of it as like a 292 00:15:13,360 --> 00:15:16,840 Speaker 1: non simple weaving of the fabric of space. If you 293 00:15:16,880 --> 00:15:20,000 Speaker 1: imagine space is like a bunch of places in space 294 00:15:20,040 --> 00:15:22,800 Speaker 1: that are all connected to the neighboring places, like pixels 295 00:15:22,840 --> 00:15:25,280 Speaker 1: on the screen, this would be like a weird connection 296 00:15:25,320 --> 00:15:28,360 Speaker 1: between two little dots. And so if wormholes are a thing, 297 00:15:28,440 --> 00:15:31,680 Speaker 1: and general relativity says they can be, it is possible 298 00:15:31,720 --> 00:15:34,000 Speaker 1: to turn them into time machines by taking one end 299 00:15:34,000 --> 00:15:36,640 Speaker 1: of it, making it go really fast, and then like 300 00:15:36,720 --> 00:15:40,480 Speaker 1: the time dilation effects, give you a wormhole which connects 301 00:15:40,520 --> 00:15:44,160 Speaker 1: two different points in time, not just two different points 302 00:15:44,200 --> 00:15:47,320 Speaker 1: in space. M So it is possible then, as far 303 00:15:47,360 --> 00:15:50,120 Speaker 1: as we know, to travel into the future, and wormhole 304 00:15:50,160 --> 00:15:52,080 Speaker 1: would allow you to travel into the future are also 305 00:15:52,160 --> 00:15:55,240 Speaker 1: into the past. There's another wrinkle in general relativity that 306 00:15:55,280 --> 00:15:59,120 Speaker 1: allows this. They're called closed time like curves. We have 307 00:15:59,120 --> 00:16:01,520 Speaker 1: a whole episode of about how those work, and briefly 308 00:16:01,520 --> 00:16:03,960 Speaker 1: they involved how general relativity bends your light code in 309 00:16:04,000 --> 00:16:06,600 Speaker 1: the presence of great masses, and we think that if 310 00:16:06,600 --> 00:16:10,640 Speaker 1: you've made, for example, an infinitely long spinning cylinder of dust, 311 00:16:10,880 --> 00:16:13,560 Speaker 1: you might create the circumstances that allow you to go 312 00:16:13,640 --> 00:16:16,200 Speaker 1: through a loop in time where you go back in 313 00:16:16,280 --> 00:16:18,720 Speaker 1: time and then loop back to the present state, and 314 00:16:18,720 --> 00:16:21,800 Speaker 1: you're stuck in this loop forever. These are theoretical. Nobody's 315 00:16:21,840 --> 00:16:25,080 Speaker 1: ever observed these, and most physicists think that they probably 316 00:16:25,120 --> 00:16:29,240 Speaker 1: represent the breakdown of general relativity, not an actual prediction 317 00:16:29,320 --> 00:16:31,920 Speaker 1: for what would be possible in our universe. I think 318 00:16:31,960 --> 00:16:36,920 Speaker 1: probably quantum effects prevent these things from actually happening. But 319 00:16:37,000 --> 00:16:38,760 Speaker 1: as far as we know, then you're saying that you 320 00:16:38,800 --> 00:16:41,240 Speaker 1: could also have a wormhole that takes you back into 321 00:16:41,240 --> 00:16:45,520 Speaker 1: the past, So time travel is technically possible backboards and forwards. 322 00:16:45,720 --> 00:16:48,520 Speaker 1: I think that's true with a couple of legalistic caveats. Right, 323 00:16:48,760 --> 00:16:52,400 Speaker 1: according to our best current theory of physics, those things 324 00:16:52,400 --> 00:16:56,040 Speaker 1: are not disallowed. But we also strongly suspect that our 325 00:16:56,080 --> 00:16:59,080 Speaker 1: best current theory of physics is wrong about exactly those 326 00:16:59,120 --> 00:17:02,920 Speaker 1: aspects of the universe, so we don't really know. It's 327 00:17:02,920 --> 00:17:07,399 Speaker 1: definitely a question mark. Definitely not disallowed. Is all we 328 00:17:07,440 --> 00:17:11,359 Speaker 1: need now to have an interesting, interesting conversation here. All right, Well, 329 00:17:11,440 --> 00:17:14,119 Speaker 1: let's get into the science fiction of time travel of 330 00:17:14,240 --> 00:17:17,640 Speaker 1: several popular shows that are being played right now on 331 00:17:17,800 --> 00:17:20,680 Speaker 1: the internet and on broadcast TV. But first, let's take 332 00:17:20,680 --> 00:17:35,520 Speaker 1: a quick break. Alright, we're talking about the science of 333 00:17:35,680 --> 00:17:40,080 Speaker 1: time travel television, not time traveling television, more about the 334 00:17:40,119 --> 00:17:43,800 Speaker 1: television that's about time travel, because it's a popular topic, 335 00:17:43,880 --> 00:17:46,359 Speaker 1: right for a lot of shows. It is a popular topic. 336 00:17:46,400 --> 00:17:49,280 Speaker 1: You see a lot these days. Maybe almost too much? 337 00:17:49,560 --> 00:17:52,720 Speaker 1: Oh too much? Wow? Is it possible to have too 338 00:17:52,800 --> 00:17:56,560 Speaker 1: much of anything in our current culture? I don't know. 339 00:17:56,600 --> 00:18:01,399 Speaker 1: I've definitely had too much ice cream some days. Impossible, impossible. 340 00:18:01,840 --> 00:18:03,760 Speaker 1: But there are a lot of interesting shows that deal 341 00:18:03,840 --> 00:18:07,360 Speaker 1: with time travel, uh, and so we'll tackle them one 342 00:18:07,400 --> 00:18:09,400 Speaker 1: by one, and let's start with the first one here, 343 00:18:09,560 --> 00:18:13,200 Speaker 1: the Umbrella Academy, which streams on Netflix. Yeah, this is 344 00:18:13,240 --> 00:18:15,040 Speaker 1: a really fun show. Have you seen it? I have. 345 00:18:15,200 --> 00:18:17,639 Speaker 1: I was actually a big fan of the comics, you know, 346 00:18:17,800 --> 00:18:21,000 Speaker 1: to ten fifteen years ago, way way back in the day. 347 00:18:21,040 --> 00:18:23,119 Speaker 1: So the current TV show is a TV show based 348 00:18:23,119 --> 00:18:25,760 Speaker 1: on a comic book which was written by a punk 349 00:18:25,920 --> 00:18:30,520 Speaker 1: rock artist. So there's multiple nested creative loops there. I 350 00:18:30,560 --> 00:18:33,439 Speaker 1: love one one genre inspires another, and so it's the 351 00:18:33,440 --> 00:18:36,399 Speaker 1: TV show a fair representation of the ideas in the 352 00:18:36,440 --> 00:18:39,280 Speaker 1: comic book. They definitely did more, you know, they had 353 00:18:39,359 --> 00:18:42,080 Speaker 1: to add more storyline and more drama to it, but 354 00:18:42,480 --> 00:18:44,919 Speaker 1: I'd say the general feel of it is is pretty 355 00:18:45,000 --> 00:18:47,760 Speaker 1: pretty close. Yeah. Well, it's an interesting universe because the 356 00:18:47,880 --> 00:18:50,960 Speaker 1: rules are definitely very flexible, and lots of stuff happens 357 00:18:51,040 --> 00:18:54,280 Speaker 1: that's never really explained. You know. You have the creation 358 00:18:54,359 --> 00:18:58,680 Speaker 1: of these kids with special powers through some mysterious process 359 00:18:58,720 --> 00:19:00,840 Speaker 1: which I don't know. Maybe it's and to get explained 360 00:19:00,880 --> 00:19:04,439 Speaker 1: sometime deep in season seven, sort of left as a 361 00:19:04,480 --> 00:19:07,159 Speaker 1: background mystery for the whole show, which is fine. I 362 00:19:07,200 --> 00:19:09,600 Speaker 1: love that it makes me curious about the universe that 363 00:19:09,600 --> 00:19:12,080 Speaker 1: the show takes place in, so that's fun. Yeah, the 364 00:19:12,080 --> 00:19:14,239 Speaker 1: show definitely throws a lot at you, Like, in this 365 00:19:14,359 --> 00:19:18,000 Speaker 1: world in this story, the characters that have superpowers, and 366 00:19:18,080 --> 00:19:22,360 Speaker 1: there's time travel, and there's like a talking monkey and 367 00:19:22,640 --> 00:19:26,119 Speaker 1: there's a AI robot. Also, it's like what else can 368 00:19:26,160 --> 00:19:28,760 Speaker 1: you throw into a sci fi show. Yeah, there's a ghost, right, 369 00:19:28,800 --> 00:19:33,800 Speaker 1: there's a ghost. That's right, there's a ghost. Yes. Oh man, 370 00:19:34,000 --> 00:19:36,040 Speaker 1: this this show has it all. Yeah, it does feel 371 00:19:36,119 --> 00:19:38,200 Speaker 1: sort of like a smoothie of culture. You know. They're 372 00:19:38,240 --> 00:19:40,159 Speaker 1: just like threw everything into the blender and they're like, 373 00:19:40,240 --> 00:19:43,560 Speaker 1: what happens when we have all these characters here at once? Yeah, 374 00:19:43,560 --> 00:19:46,120 Speaker 1: it's pretty wild. I like the second season more than 375 00:19:46,160 --> 00:19:48,399 Speaker 1: the first one, I think. But the plot is that 376 00:19:48,440 --> 00:19:51,240 Speaker 1: there are these kids that are mysteriously born with superpowers 377 00:19:51,280 --> 00:19:55,080 Speaker 1: throughout the world, right, and then one eccentric billionaire somehow 378 00:19:55,440 --> 00:19:58,240 Speaker 1: manages to collect it's seven or eight of them, and 379 00:19:58,280 --> 00:20:01,399 Speaker 1: it tops them m and gives very creative names like 380 00:20:01,600 --> 00:20:08,320 Speaker 1: number four, number five, number six, numbering their children. Who 381 00:20:08,359 --> 00:20:12,639 Speaker 1: would do that? My dad did, what what number are you? 382 00:20:14,040 --> 00:20:16,600 Speaker 1: I'm number two? I'm the best number. Do you sometimes 383 00:20:16,640 --> 00:20:18,959 Speaker 1: introduce it to people are saying, this is my number one, 384 00:20:19,000 --> 00:20:21,840 Speaker 1: this is my number two, it's my number three. Well, 385 00:20:21,840 --> 00:20:25,400 Speaker 1: I sometimes meet Italians whose names are like Primo and Ultimo, 386 00:20:25,640 --> 00:20:28,680 Speaker 1: and I'm like, that's interesting. First kid, last kid? Is 387 00:20:28,680 --> 00:20:31,000 Speaker 1: that where those names come from? Oran, They're just the 388 00:20:31,119 --> 00:20:33,639 Speaker 1: ultimate kid. But you probably do it all the time too, right, 389 00:20:33,640 --> 00:20:35,280 Speaker 1: you say, this is my oldest child, this is my 390 00:20:35,359 --> 00:20:37,639 Speaker 1: youngest child. Right, I only have two, so I just 391 00:20:37,680 --> 00:20:40,359 Speaker 1: introduced them by their names. But I remember my younger 392 00:20:40,359 --> 00:20:43,320 Speaker 1: brother making a big deal about being called the youngest 393 00:20:43,359 --> 00:20:45,639 Speaker 1: brother and not the little brother. For him, that was 394 00:20:45,640 --> 00:20:48,280 Speaker 1: a big distinction. Wait, which one did he want to be? 395 00:20:48,440 --> 00:20:50,240 Speaker 1: He wanted to be the younger brother. He thought little 396 00:20:50,280 --> 00:20:53,000 Speaker 1: brother was like diminutive. Somehow sounds like you have some 397 00:20:53,080 --> 00:20:57,800 Speaker 1: fun family dynamics there, definitely anyway in this story, it's 398 00:20:57,880 --> 00:21:02,080 Speaker 1: kid number five who's of interest to us because he's 399 00:21:02,080 --> 00:21:04,320 Speaker 1: not a ghost, he's not an AI robot, he's not 400 00:21:04,359 --> 00:21:07,880 Speaker 1: super strong, but he possesses the ability to move through 401 00:21:08,040 --> 00:21:11,560 Speaker 1: time and space, so he can sort of teleport from 402 00:21:11,600 --> 00:21:14,679 Speaker 1: spot to spot, and he can also jump forwards or 403 00:21:14,720 --> 00:21:18,359 Speaker 1: backwards in time. Pretty powerful stuff. Yeah, well, it's the 404 00:21:18,480 --> 00:21:20,760 Speaker 1: sort of starts that he can teleport in space, right, 405 00:21:20,800 --> 00:21:23,720 Speaker 1: and then he starts experiment with jumping in time more 406 00:21:23,760 --> 00:21:26,679 Speaker 1: and more each like bigger time jumps. And then one 407 00:21:26,720 --> 00:21:28,960 Speaker 1: day he jumps too far or too much and he 408 00:21:29,000 --> 00:21:31,679 Speaker 1: gets stuck in the in the future or the past. Well, 409 00:21:31,720 --> 00:21:36,199 Speaker 1: he jumps forward finding like this post apocalyptic future, you know, 410 00:21:36,240 --> 00:21:38,399 Speaker 1: like the future Earth, where a lot of people have 411 00:21:38,520 --> 00:21:40,840 Speaker 1: died and he's basically alone, and he gets stuck there. 412 00:21:40,920 --> 00:21:43,480 Speaker 1: He lives there for decades until he finds his way 413 00:21:43,480 --> 00:21:45,960 Speaker 1: back to what's I guess the present. In the main 414 00:21:46,080 --> 00:21:48,480 Speaker 1: narrative of the show, right, he gets stuck because he 415 00:21:48,960 --> 00:21:52,360 Speaker 1: somehow couldn't jump back or something, and then he actually 416 00:21:52,400 --> 00:21:54,879 Speaker 1: ages out there in the post apocalypt the future. He 417 00:21:54,880 --> 00:21:57,280 Speaker 1: becomes an old man, but then somehow when he jumps 418 00:21:57,320 --> 00:22:00,480 Speaker 1: back into the present time, he's back to being a kid, 419 00:22:01,040 --> 00:22:03,280 Speaker 1: and it's something cool there about how it's inherent, So 420 00:22:03,320 --> 00:22:06,040 Speaker 1: he doesn't really understand how it works, and he's not 421 00:22:06,119 --> 00:22:08,959 Speaker 1: great at controlling it, which makes sense to me. If 422 00:22:09,000 --> 00:22:11,840 Speaker 1: this is something like biological then every skill we have 423 00:22:11,960 --> 00:22:14,520 Speaker 1: is something we have to develop and practice. You know, 424 00:22:14,560 --> 00:22:16,840 Speaker 1: even the way you learn to walk. You're pretty clumsy 425 00:22:16,840 --> 00:22:18,600 Speaker 1: when you're one and two, and then by the time 426 00:22:18,640 --> 00:22:20,840 Speaker 1: you're thirty five you can run and jump and do 427 00:22:20,880 --> 00:22:23,119 Speaker 1: all this stuff without thinking about it. So for a 428 00:22:23,240 --> 00:22:25,400 Speaker 1: kid with these abilities, it makes sense that they would 429 00:22:25,440 --> 00:22:27,679 Speaker 1: still be exploring it and still sort of getting grips 430 00:22:27,720 --> 00:22:29,960 Speaker 1: on how to do it. And so he jumps back 431 00:22:30,000 --> 00:22:32,520 Speaker 1: into the present time and then he tries to warn 432 00:22:32,520 --> 00:22:34,480 Speaker 1: everyone that there's going to be an apocalypse, right, because 433 00:22:34,520 --> 00:22:37,280 Speaker 1: he lived in the apocalypse and so he tried he's 434 00:22:37,280 --> 00:22:39,919 Speaker 1: trying to stop the apocalypse. Yeah, so that's the driving 435 00:22:40,000 --> 00:22:42,239 Speaker 1: narrative of the show. He has seen the future and 436 00:22:42,320 --> 00:22:44,520 Speaker 1: it is terrible, and he's trying to figure out what 437 00:22:44,560 --> 00:22:47,080 Speaker 1: he can do to avert it. Right. And he's a 438 00:22:47,119 --> 00:22:49,399 Speaker 1: pretty funny character because he's like an old man stuck 439 00:22:49,400 --> 00:22:51,560 Speaker 1: in the body of a twelve year old. Yeah, and 440 00:22:51,600 --> 00:22:53,920 Speaker 1: I never really understood that part, like if he comes 441 00:22:53,920 --> 00:22:57,359 Speaker 1: back in time, why is his mind still sixty years 442 00:22:57,359 --> 00:22:59,800 Speaker 1: old or whatever, but his body has become twelve again. 443 00:23:00,359 --> 00:23:02,600 Speaker 1: That never really made sense to me. Yeah, they never 444 00:23:02,640 --> 00:23:05,159 Speaker 1: explained that, Nor do they explain the poking monkey or 445 00:23:05,200 --> 00:23:08,879 Speaker 1: the robot. It's kind of a show that charges ahead. 446 00:23:09,000 --> 00:23:11,440 Speaker 1: It does, though, you know, there have to be explanations 447 00:23:11,480 --> 00:23:13,520 Speaker 1: for you to buy in if they want you to care. 448 00:23:13,560 --> 00:23:16,600 Speaker 1: For example, that he can avert this apocalypse, so you 449 00:23:16,640 --> 00:23:18,720 Speaker 1: have to know something about what the rules are of 450 00:23:18,760 --> 00:23:20,600 Speaker 1: averting the apocalypse, so you can have a sense for 451 00:23:20,880 --> 00:23:23,240 Speaker 1: is he succeeding or is he failing or can he 452 00:23:23,320 --> 00:23:25,560 Speaker 1: just snap his fingers At the end of the season 453 00:23:25,680 --> 00:23:27,600 Speaker 1: and get it done in a second. Right, So he's 454 00:23:27,600 --> 00:23:30,080 Speaker 1: trying to prevent the apocalypse, which means this is the 455 00:23:30,200 --> 00:23:33,800 Speaker 1: kind of science fiction universe or time travel science fiction 456 00:23:33,840 --> 00:23:37,520 Speaker 1: universe where you can change what happens in the universe. Right. Yeah, 457 00:23:37,640 --> 00:23:40,800 Speaker 1: it's like a single timeline world where you can go 458 00:23:40,880 --> 00:23:44,680 Speaker 1: back in time and change the future. So it's got 459 00:23:44,680 --> 00:23:46,880 Speaker 1: these sort of causal loops in it. He goes into 460 00:23:46,880 --> 00:23:49,679 Speaker 1: the future, he learned something, he takes that information back 461 00:23:49,800 --> 00:23:53,320 Speaker 1: into the present again, and then changes the future. So 462 00:23:53,359 --> 00:23:57,320 Speaker 1: the future that he experienced he hopes never happens. That's 463 00:23:57,359 --> 00:23:59,159 Speaker 1: kind of the driving narrative of the show, where or 464 00:23:59,200 --> 00:24:00,639 Speaker 1: a lot of these shows, it is like can you 465 00:24:00,720 --> 00:24:03,199 Speaker 1: change the future? Can you avert the apocalypse that somebody 466 00:24:03,320 --> 00:24:06,920 Speaker 1: experienced in the future. Yeah, They certainly leave the audience wondering, 467 00:24:07,320 --> 00:24:10,320 Speaker 1: And when I'm watching, I'm wondering, like is it technically 468 00:24:10,359 --> 00:24:12,359 Speaker 1: possible or is it just something that we don't know 469 00:24:12,359 --> 00:24:15,159 Speaker 1: if he's going to be able to accomplish, Like is 470 00:24:15,200 --> 00:24:18,159 Speaker 1: it even feasible in his universe to change the future 471 00:24:18,359 --> 00:24:20,200 Speaker 1: or is this one of those setups like in Harry 472 00:24:20,280 --> 00:24:24,040 Speaker 1: Potter where the time loops are part of the timeline 473 00:24:24,119 --> 00:24:27,480 Speaker 1: from the beginning, and so everything is inevitable, And so 474 00:24:27,520 --> 00:24:29,640 Speaker 1: I get a little confused watching these like what kind 475 00:24:29,680 --> 00:24:31,960 Speaker 1: of universe are we in? What are the rules here? 476 00:24:32,000 --> 00:24:34,199 Speaker 1: So I can know whether to care, Like are they 477 00:24:34,240 --> 00:24:36,560 Speaker 1: trying for something that's impossible or what do they have 478 00:24:36,640 --> 00:24:39,320 Speaker 1: to accomplish in order to achieve your goals? It gets 479 00:24:39,359 --> 00:24:42,040 Speaker 1: me a little confused sometimes, right, And in this universe, 480 00:24:42,080 --> 00:24:44,520 Speaker 1: there's also like a like a time bureau, like a 481 00:24:44,560 --> 00:24:48,160 Speaker 1: big somehow bureaucracy that somehow has the job of making 482 00:24:48,200 --> 00:24:51,239 Speaker 1: sure that the timeline stay intact. Yeah, they call it 483 00:24:51,280 --> 00:24:54,119 Speaker 1: the Commission, And it's a bunch of like bureaucrats in 484 00:24:54,160 --> 00:24:56,919 Speaker 1: an office somewhere who are responsible for maintaining the like 485 00:24:57,160 --> 00:25:00,960 Speaker 1: natural order of time, whatever that means. There's a mysterious 486 00:25:01,040 --> 00:25:03,400 Speaker 1: organization that has like a plan for how they want 487 00:25:03,440 --> 00:25:06,680 Speaker 1: the future to go, and their agents appear in moments 488 00:25:06,760 --> 00:25:09,679 Speaker 1: sort of craft that future. And those agents don't have 489 00:25:09,760 --> 00:25:13,560 Speaker 1: the same inherent capabilities that Kid number five does. They 490 00:25:13,600 --> 00:25:17,399 Speaker 1: transport through time using some mechanical device this briefcase that 491 00:25:17,400 --> 00:25:19,359 Speaker 1: they used to go from point to point on the 492 00:25:19,400 --> 00:25:23,040 Speaker 1: timeline right right, And the head of this agency is 493 00:25:23,119 --> 00:25:25,760 Speaker 1: a person with a fish bowl for a head with 494 00:25:25,840 --> 00:25:29,960 Speaker 1: a talking goldfish in it. Right. Also, never we're talking 495 00:25:29,960 --> 00:25:33,280 Speaker 1: about here, folks, there's a character whose head is a 496 00:25:33,320 --> 00:25:35,959 Speaker 1: fish bowl and there's a goldfish in it. The talks 497 00:25:36,240 --> 00:25:40,520 Speaker 1: and Daniels complaining about the time trouble. I did like 498 00:25:40,640 --> 00:25:43,720 Speaker 1: the fish bowl head. That was pretty funny. You give 499 00:25:43,800 --> 00:25:46,720 Speaker 1: the thumbs up. Yeah, that was creative. And the fact 500 00:25:46,760 --> 00:25:49,080 Speaker 1: that this was all from the brains of a punk rocker, 501 00:25:49,359 --> 00:25:51,280 Speaker 1: you know, maybe that does explain a lot. I'm not 502 00:25:51,320 --> 00:25:54,320 Speaker 1: sure sort of what substances this creator was on when 503 00:25:54,320 --> 00:25:57,120 Speaker 1: it came up with these visions. Oh, that's a that's 504 00:25:57,160 --> 00:25:59,400 Speaker 1: a hefty accusation there, Daniel. Are you saying you can't 505 00:25:59,400 --> 00:26:03,199 Speaker 1: be creative about chemical support? Well, I've tried to leave 506 00:26:03,240 --> 00:26:05,280 Speaker 1: it broad, you know, just said substances. Maybe they just 507 00:26:05,320 --> 00:26:07,600 Speaker 1: need breakfast. I don't know, but I'm trying to leave 508 00:26:07,640 --> 00:26:10,800 Speaker 1: it broad. Yes. So then, how would you rate the 509 00:26:11,000 --> 00:26:13,760 Speaker 1: time travel in this show? Thumbs up, thumbs out? I 510 00:26:13,800 --> 00:26:15,880 Speaker 1: guess it depends on the standard. It's definitely a fun, 511 00:26:16,160 --> 00:26:20,720 Speaker 1: freewheeling show and creatively sort of very open world, sort 512 00:26:20,720 --> 00:26:23,400 Speaker 1: of anything can happen. I do get a little confused 513 00:26:23,440 --> 00:26:25,600 Speaker 1: about whether I should care about what happens, Like, is 514 00:26:25,600 --> 00:26:27,920 Speaker 1: it inevitable? Does it not matter what they do, they're 515 00:26:27,920 --> 00:26:29,800 Speaker 1: gonna end up in the same future. Do they have 516 00:26:29,840 --> 00:26:32,520 Speaker 1: to worry about things like paradoxes because if you can 517 00:26:32,560 --> 00:26:35,760 Speaker 1: go back in time and change the past and the 518 00:26:35,760 --> 00:26:39,719 Speaker 1: future that created the past, changing you no longer exists. Um. 519 00:26:39,720 --> 00:26:42,360 Speaker 1: They actually try to address that in this show. Whenever 520 00:26:42,400 --> 00:26:45,439 Speaker 1: you come near like another version of yourself, you suffer 521 00:26:45,480 --> 00:26:49,320 Speaker 1: from this condition called paradox psychosis, which is sort of 522 00:26:49,320 --> 00:26:52,240 Speaker 1: like plot armor to prevent you from really talking to 523 00:26:52,320 --> 00:26:54,280 Speaker 1: yourself in the past too much. So I would give 524 00:26:54,320 --> 00:26:56,520 Speaker 1: it sort of like half thumbs up. It's definitely fun 525 00:26:56,600 --> 00:26:59,320 Speaker 1: to watch, but it's not really like rigorously thought out 526 00:26:59,320 --> 00:27:02,320 Speaker 1: time travel. M Yeah, I guess without spoiling it too much, 527 00:27:02,400 --> 00:27:05,720 Speaker 1: it is possible in this universe to change the future, right, 528 00:27:05,840 --> 00:27:07,320 Speaker 1: and so that's what they're talking about, Like if you 529 00:27:07,359 --> 00:27:09,640 Speaker 1: go back and shoot your grandfather, that's going to create 530 00:27:09,680 --> 00:27:13,240 Speaker 1: a paradox, and that's gonna somehow drive you crazy. I'm 531 00:27:13,280 --> 00:27:14,960 Speaker 1: not sure that's my interpretation at the end of the 532 00:27:15,000 --> 00:27:17,320 Speaker 1: first season at least, but I suppose we can't get 533 00:27:17,440 --> 00:27:19,920 Speaker 1: too much into the details without spoiling it for everybody. 534 00:27:20,080 --> 00:27:22,760 Speaker 1: All right, Well, this show has a half a thumb 535 00:27:22,920 --> 00:27:25,320 Speaker 1: up or a half a half a thumb down, or 536 00:27:25,359 --> 00:27:26,840 Speaker 1: half a thumb up and a half a thump down, 537 00:27:26,920 --> 00:27:30,800 Speaker 1: one thumb knuckle up, yes, one thumb knuckle off, all right, 538 00:27:31,480 --> 00:27:34,960 Speaker 1: not to have thumbs up. So just a quarter a 539 00:27:35,040 --> 00:27:37,480 Speaker 1: quarter of the possible rating you could give it. I 540 00:27:37,480 --> 00:27:39,840 Speaker 1: think that's fair. But it's definitely fun to watch. Yeah, 541 00:27:39,960 --> 00:27:44,000 Speaker 1: I'm yeah, totally if you like superheroes, robots, talking monkeys, 542 00:27:44,040 --> 00:27:48,480 Speaker 1: talking fish, and time table also the civil rights movement. 543 00:27:48,520 --> 00:27:50,480 Speaker 1: That's a big part of season two. It's got it 544 00:27:50,520 --> 00:27:53,960 Speaker 1: all history. I really did enjoy that it touched on 545 00:27:54,119 --> 00:27:57,119 Speaker 1: big moments in history, you know, the jfk assassination. That 546 00:27:57,240 --> 00:27:59,720 Speaker 1: kind of stuff. Makes it feel like it's revealing some 547 00:28:00,240 --> 00:28:03,160 Speaker 1: truth that we might not have understood about the universe. 548 00:28:03,160 --> 00:28:05,240 Speaker 1: So there's a little bit of the aura of the 549 00:28:05,280 --> 00:28:08,320 Speaker 1: power of science there, which I did enjoy. All right, 550 00:28:08,440 --> 00:28:10,320 Speaker 1: but you're still giving it just one half of thumb. 551 00:28:10,440 --> 00:28:14,240 Speaker 1: I'm not changing my review. Maybe you go back in 552 00:28:14,280 --> 00:28:16,280 Speaker 1: time and watch it again. All right. Well, the next 553 00:28:16,320 --> 00:28:19,560 Speaker 1: year we're gonna talk about is called The Time Traveler's Wife, 554 00:28:20,040 --> 00:28:22,879 Speaker 1: and this is a TV show which is based on 555 00:28:22,920 --> 00:28:25,159 Speaker 1: a movie, which is based on a book. Yes, and 556 00:28:25,200 --> 00:28:27,879 Speaker 1: I originally read the book and really enjoyed it. It 557 00:28:27,960 --> 00:28:31,600 Speaker 1: was very creative. It's totally different kind of time travel 558 00:28:31,680 --> 00:28:34,359 Speaker 1: fiction from anything I'd ever read before, So I was 559 00:28:34,440 --> 00:28:37,160 Speaker 1: constantly guessing about what was going to happen next and 560 00:28:37,200 --> 00:28:41,479 Speaker 1: being pleasantly surprised by sort of unpredictable consequences of the 561 00:28:41,560 --> 00:28:44,760 Speaker 1: rules that the author did lay out for her universe. Yeah, 562 00:28:44,760 --> 00:28:46,880 Speaker 1: it's a pretty interesting book. And it's actually part of 563 00:28:46,920 --> 00:28:50,880 Speaker 1: a kind of a recent genre called speculative fiction, where 564 00:28:50,920 --> 00:28:53,000 Speaker 1: it's sort of like anything can happen, and it's sort 565 00:28:53,000 --> 00:28:55,280 Speaker 1: of science fiction an maybe a little fantasy, but they 566 00:28:55,280 --> 00:28:57,520 Speaker 1: don't like to say that it's science fiction. I think 567 00:28:57,520 --> 00:28:59,200 Speaker 1: it might just be political. It's people who would like 568 00:28:59,280 --> 00:29:01,520 Speaker 1: to think of themselves writing literature, and they don't like 569 00:29:01,560 --> 00:29:04,760 Speaker 1: to to think of themselves as writing science fiction, which 570 00:29:04,760 --> 00:29:07,200 Speaker 1: is a genre in itself. So to me, it's like 571 00:29:07,480 --> 00:29:09,680 Speaker 1: science fiction for people who don't want to say they're 572 00:29:09,680 --> 00:29:12,560 Speaker 1: reading and writing science fiction. Right, Basically, writers who don't 573 00:29:12,600 --> 00:29:14,800 Speaker 1: want to be labeled as nerds, I think is what 574 00:29:14,800 --> 00:29:16,880 Speaker 1: you're saying exactly, Like you can write a love story, 575 00:29:17,120 --> 00:29:19,640 Speaker 1: but you might not want to categorize as a romance 576 00:29:19,680 --> 00:29:22,120 Speaker 1: novel sort of the same idea. Well, I think maybe 577 00:29:22,160 --> 00:29:24,640 Speaker 1: the descision goes a little bit deeper in that, you know, 578 00:29:24,720 --> 00:29:28,040 Speaker 1: there are things in speculative fiction like time travel or 579 00:29:28,040 --> 00:29:30,920 Speaker 1: sometimes cloning or things like that, but they're not trying 580 00:29:30,960 --> 00:29:34,720 Speaker 1: to base it in the world on science. Right, That's 581 00:29:34,720 --> 00:29:37,600 Speaker 1: why it's not science fiction. It's more like speculative fiction 582 00:29:37,800 --> 00:29:39,719 Speaker 1: in that, you know, there's a reason science fictween it's 583 00:29:39,760 --> 00:29:41,680 Speaker 1: called science fiction is because a lot of the writers 584 00:29:41,680 --> 00:29:44,320 Speaker 1: in science fiction try to find a scientific basis for it, 585 00:29:44,440 --> 00:29:47,160 Speaker 1: or at least make things in that world based on science. 586 00:29:47,160 --> 00:29:49,800 Speaker 1: But speculative fiction, I feel like they don't even try to. 587 00:29:49,920 --> 00:29:51,640 Speaker 1: Just like, what if there's a love story that has 588 00:29:51,680 --> 00:29:54,080 Speaker 1: time travel in it? I guess so. I've always categorized 589 00:29:54,080 --> 00:29:57,080 Speaker 1: science fiction into hard science fiction and soft science fiction, 590 00:29:57,280 --> 00:29:59,480 Speaker 1: hard meaning that there really are rules to the universe 591 00:29:59,520 --> 00:30:01,360 Speaker 1: that makes some sense and they're trying to give you 592 00:30:01,400 --> 00:30:04,200 Speaker 1: an explanation for everything that happens, and soft meaning like, 593 00:30:04,280 --> 00:30:06,040 Speaker 1: you know, we just sort of swallow it and move on. 594 00:30:06,280 --> 00:30:07,960 Speaker 1: So I'm not sure what the distinction there is between 595 00:30:08,000 --> 00:30:10,640 Speaker 1: soft science fiction and spec fiction. Right, this is more 596 00:30:10,680 --> 00:30:15,840 Speaker 1: like it's jelly's fiction. Maybe science fiction. Yeah, Anyway, there's 597 00:30:15,840 --> 00:30:18,560 Speaker 1: a lot of great stuff in speculative fiction. For example 598 00:30:18,560 --> 00:30:20,720 Speaker 1: of the book The City and the City by China 599 00:30:20,760 --> 00:30:23,920 Speaker 1: Meaville is officially a speculative fiction book, but it's really 600 00:30:23,960 --> 00:30:26,840 Speaker 1: a fantastic novel. Alright. Well, The Time Traveler's Wife has 601 00:30:26,880 --> 00:30:29,760 Speaker 1: an interesting plot, which is that there's this man who 602 00:30:29,800 --> 00:30:33,200 Speaker 1: has a genetic condition that makes him travel through time 603 00:30:33,600 --> 00:30:36,200 Speaker 1: but sort of randomly, right, he can't control it. Yeah, 604 00:30:36,280 --> 00:30:38,840 Speaker 1: unlike Kid number five in the Umbrella Academy, he has 605 00:30:38,880 --> 00:30:42,000 Speaker 1: no control over it. He sometimes gets some warning it's 606 00:30:42,040 --> 00:30:44,640 Speaker 1: like a gusting wind, and he feels a little bit nauseous, 607 00:30:44,720 --> 00:30:46,880 Speaker 1: and then he just sort of like disappears and appears 608 00:30:46,960 --> 00:30:49,640 Speaker 1: and another point in time. Right, And they don't even 609 00:30:49,640 --> 00:30:51,760 Speaker 1: try to explain this, right, Maybe that's the difference between 610 00:30:51,800 --> 00:30:54,479 Speaker 1: speculative fiction and science fiction. Like there's no effort at 611 00:30:54,480 --> 00:30:56,840 Speaker 1: all to explain what could be happening to him or 612 00:30:56,880 --> 00:31:00,040 Speaker 1: what if the basis is biological or aliens or some 613 00:31:00,200 --> 00:31:03,520 Speaker 1: kind of you know, I mean, like some sort of machine. Right, 614 00:31:03,640 --> 00:31:06,120 Speaker 1: there's no clue, not even an attempt to explain it. 615 00:31:06,200 --> 00:31:08,640 Speaker 1: I think there's a small effort made. They suggest that 616 00:31:08,680 --> 00:31:11,440 Speaker 1: it's genetic, right, because later on when he tries to 617 00:31:11,440 --> 00:31:14,920 Speaker 1: have kids, his children also have the same effect, and 618 00:31:15,000 --> 00:31:17,520 Speaker 1: so they imagine that it's a genetic thing, which suggests 619 00:31:17,560 --> 00:31:20,520 Speaker 1: that it's biological. In that sense, it might be similar 620 00:31:20,560 --> 00:31:24,440 Speaker 1: to the Umbrella Academy. Kid number five is created biologically 621 00:31:24,680 --> 00:31:27,120 Speaker 1: with this power, and so in the same sense, it's 622 00:31:27,160 --> 00:31:30,080 Speaker 1: like a product of his physiology. As much as I 623 00:31:30,120 --> 00:31:32,360 Speaker 1: hate to say anything that's definitely not aliens, I know 624 00:31:32,680 --> 00:31:35,560 Speaker 1: they you should invent your own genre science fiction aliens. 625 00:31:36,000 --> 00:31:39,280 Speaker 1: For Danny. That's about fifty of science fiction anyway, so 626 00:31:41,520 --> 00:31:45,000 Speaker 1: that's good. Keeps you busy reading. But in this story, 627 00:31:45,080 --> 00:31:47,920 Speaker 1: he can't change the past or the future, right or Kenny, 628 00:31:48,040 --> 00:31:51,440 Speaker 1: he can't. Yeah, it's interesting because he knows things about 629 00:31:51,480 --> 00:31:54,200 Speaker 1: the past in the future, he like zaps forward and 630 00:31:54,240 --> 00:31:57,200 Speaker 1: backwards in his own life. He appears, for example, to 631 00:31:57,440 --> 00:32:00,800 Speaker 1: his wife when she's really young, and he knows things 632 00:32:00,920 --> 00:32:04,440 Speaker 1: about their future together because he's been there. But he 633 00:32:04,440 --> 00:32:07,080 Speaker 1: doesn't seem to be able to change the timeline. And 634 00:32:07,320 --> 00:32:10,640 Speaker 1: that part isn't really very well explained, though I was 635 00:32:10,680 --> 00:32:13,800 Speaker 1: imagining it was sort of again the Harry Potter structure 636 00:32:13,840 --> 00:32:16,720 Speaker 1: where he had this timeline with branches and connections on it, 637 00:32:16,760 --> 00:32:18,760 Speaker 1: but it's sort of always been that way. The timeline 638 00:32:18,760 --> 00:32:22,200 Speaker 1: itself doesn't ever change, just has these sort of loops 639 00:32:22,200 --> 00:32:24,280 Speaker 1: and paths in it. So every time you count one 640 00:32:24,280 --> 00:32:27,080 Speaker 1: of these branches, the same thing happens because it's always 641 00:32:27,080 --> 00:32:30,360 Speaker 1: the same conditions, right, And so did this start when 642 00:32:30,400 --> 00:32:32,440 Speaker 1: he was little or at some point when he was 643 00:32:32,480 --> 00:32:35,600 Speaker 1: an adult? Like has he always been hopping around in time? 644 00:32:35,800 --> 00:32:38,680 Speaker 1: And is he growing along the way? He's growing along 645 00:32:38,720 --> 00:32:41,080 Speaker 1: the way, and he's getting older. And so the fascinating 646 00:32:41,080 --> 00:32:43,000 Speaker 1: sort of narrative structure of this book is that it's 647 00:32:43,040 --> 00:32:45,160 Speaker 1: told from the point of view not of him, but 648 00:32:45,320 --> 00:32:47,920 Speaker 1: of his wife, Like what's it like to be married 649 00:32:48,080 --> 00:32:50,360 Speaker 1: to someone like this? Where you meet him when he's 650 00:32:50,400 --> 00:32:54,240 Speaker 1: really old because he's apps backwards in time when you're twelve, 651 00:32:54,440 --> 00:32:57,080 Speaker 1: and you meet your future husband when he's sixty or whatever, 652 00:32:57,280 --> 00:32:59,080 Speaker 1: or you meet him later on in life and he 653 00:32:59,120 --> 00:33:02,120 Speaker 1: doesn't know you yet because he hasn't experienced that. So 654 00:33:02,120 --> 00:33:05,280 Speaker 1: it sort of like scrambles their whole relationship and makes 655 00:33:05,320 --> 00:33:08,320 Speaker 1: it really tricky and complicated. He's definitely moving forward through 656 00:33:08,440 --> 00:33:11,320 Speaker 1: his life that he takes these occasional jumps forwards and 657 00:33:11,360 --> 00:33:14,280 Speaker 1: backwards along his own timeline, and then you see ever 658 00:33:14,400 --> 00:33:17,240 Speaker 1: in the same point in time twice, like in his 659 00:33:17,400 --> 00:33:20,080 Speaker 1: can his older self meets his younger self. It is 660 00:33:20,120 --> 00:33:22,480 Speaker 1: possible in that universe. Yeah, there are some scenes where 661 00:33:22,520 --> 00:33:25,200 Speaker 1: future and present Henry's that's the name of the time 662 00:33:25,200 --> 00:33:28,640 Speaker 1: traveler can meet each other. I feel like it's a 663 00:33:28,720 --> 00:33:31,239 Speaker 1: good statement for people out there, like, Hey, you think 664 00:33:31,240 --> 00:33:34,720 Speaker 1: your spouse is acting like a child and it's never 665 00:33:34,800 --> 00:33:38,120 Speaker 1: around and is not in the same time as you, 666 00:33:38,480 --> 00:33:42,960 Speaker 1: will check out this story exactly. Are you frustrated in 667 00:33:42,960 --> 00:33:45,000 Speaker 1: your marriage? Will at least be glad you're not in 668 00:33:45,000 --> 00:33:48,000 Speaker 1: this one? Be god, you're not the time Traveler's wife. 669 00:33:49,520 --> 00:33:51,760 Speaker 1: And there's a lot of fun, but there's also some sadness, 670 00:33:51,800 --> 00:33:55,480 Speaker 1: you know, because this is biological. When she does get pregnant, 671 00:33:55,480 --> 00:33:59,000 Speaker 1: she tends to miscarry because the baby also has this 672 00:33:59,120 --> 00:34:02,600 Speaker 1: capacity though because it's not fully formed, it can't survive 673 00:34:02,680 --> 00:34:05,320 Speaker 1: jumping out of her womb into some time in the 674 00:34:05,360 --> 00:34:07,760 Speaker 1: future and some time in the past, so she has 675 00:34:07,760 --> 00:34:11,360 Speaker 1: this series of miscarriages. Yeah, it's kind of a basically 676 00:34:11,400 --> 00:34:13,480 Speaker 1: a love story, Like what would the love story look 677 00:34:13,560 --> 00:34:16,440 Speaker 1: like if one of the people was a time traveler 678 00:34:16,800 --> 00:34:19,279 Speaker 1: and they couldn't control their their time jumping right. Like 679 00:34:19,560 --> 00:34:22,040 Speaker 1: sometimes like she is a little girl, meets him when 680 00:34:22,040 --> 00:34:24,800 Speaker 1: he's really old, which is kind of creepy because he 681 00:34:25,360 --> 00:34:28,000 Speaker 1: knows that she's going to be his future wife and 682 00:34:28,040 --> 00:34:30,839 Speaker 1: talks to her. But then sometimes later like she's an 683 00:34:30,840 --> 00:34:33,040 Speaker 1: adult and he's a little kid. Yeah, exactly, So she 684 00:34:33,160 --> 00:34:35,160 Speaker 1: sort of falls in love with a very grown up, 685 00:34:35,280 --> 00:34:38,120 Speaker 1: very mature version of him, and then later on in 686 00:34:38,200 --> 00:34:41,160 Speaker 1: her life she has to meet the immature, young version 687 00:34:41,200 --> 00:34:43,480 Speaker 1: of him, and she's already sort of used to the 688 00:34:43,520 --> 00:34:46,200 Speaker 1: more grown up version. So they have difference of romantic 689 00:34:46,320 --> 00:34:49,040 Speaker 1: challenges than most couples do. And that's what I really 690 00:34:49,120 --> 00:34:51,759 Speaker 1: enjoyed about this book. It's not just like, hey, time 691 00:34:51,800 --> 00:34:54,719 Speaker 1: travel I'm gonna go back and save the world. It's like, 692 00:34:54,760 --> 00:34:57,880 Speaker 1: what is this like to live through universe where this happens? 693 00:34:57,880 --> 00:35:00,880 Speaker 1: What are the consequences for real people they are feeling? 694 00:35:01,440 --> 00:35:03,600 Speaker 1: It was really creative in that sense. Yeah, it's an 695 00:35:03,600 --> 00:35:06,120 Speaker 1: interesting premise. I don't know which one came from at first, 696 00:35:06,120 --> 00:35:08,759 Speaker 1: but there's a season of Doctor Who that's basically this 697 00:35:08,960 --> 00:35:11,840 Speaker 1: but taken kind of to the extreme. It's like doctor 698 00:35:11,840 --> 00:35:14,400 Speaker 1: who has this woman that he's in love with, but 699 00:35:14,480 --> 00:35:17,799 Speaker 1: she's also a time traveler, and they basically travel all 700 00:35:17,840 --> 00:35:21,320 Speaker 1: throughout the cosmos from the beginning of time to the 701 00:35:21,440 --> 00:35:24,440 Speaker 1: end of time, and so they like meet up pretty 702 00:35:24,440 --> 00:35:29,640 Speaker 1: extreme situations in their different timelines. Interesting, they're not traveling together. No, No, 703 00:35:29,760 --> 00:35:32,560 Speaker 1: she's like I think he meets her later on. But then, yeah, 704 00:35:32,600 --> 00:35:36,080 Speaker 1: it's all pretty a headache douzy. Sounds like you need 705 00:35:36,080 --> 00:35:40,600 Speaker 1: a diagram. Yeah, but this one is more maybe little literary, 706 00:35:40,719 --> 00:35:44,200 Speaker 1: or more speculative or more jellow fiction, and it is 707 00:35:44,200 --> 00:35:46,760 Speaker 1: more a bit of a serious love story, right exactly. 708 00:35:46,800 --> 00:35:49,360 Speaker 1: And so the focus really here is on the characters 709 00:35:49,400 --> 00:35:51,600 Speaker 1: and the impact on them. And you do get the 710 00:35:51,640 --> 00:35:53,400 Speaker 1: sense that there's not much they can do about it. 711 00:35:53,440 --> 00:35:56,640 Speaker 1: They seem sort of resigned to life turning out this way. 712 00:35:56,719 --> 00:35:59,200 Speaker 1: They're not trying to solve his condition. There's none of 713 00:35:59,200 --> 00:36:01,480 Speaker 1: this like back to the future, let's make sure we 714 00:36:01,560 --> 00:36:04,040 Speaker 1: fall in love in the right way sort of situation. 715 00:36:04,120 --> 00:36:07,000 Speaker 1: It's more just about the experience of living with somebody 716 00:36:07,160 --> 00:36:09,680 Speaker 1: whose time is scattered. All right, Well, how many thumbs 717 00:36:09,760 --> 00:36:11,359 Speaker 1: up would you give this one? I give this one 718 00:36:11,400 --> 00:36:13,239 Speaker 1: a thumb up. I mean it's sort of soft on 719 00:36:13,280 --> 00:36:15,279 Speaker 1: the science of it. It's not that well explained, and 720 00:36:15,320 --> 00:36:18,200 Speaker 1: I think there are some inconsistencies there, because if you 721 00:36:18,200 --> 00:36:20,319 Speaker 1: can jump into the past, why can't you change it 722 00:36:20,400 --> 00:36:22,240 Speaker 1: this sort of stuff. But I think it's very clever 723 00:36:22,360 --> 00:36:24,680 Speaker 1: and creative and exactly the way I always want fiction 724 00:36:24,719 --> 00:36:27,280 Speaker 1: to be, to take me to places that makes sense 725 00:36:27,600 --> 00:36:30,160 Speaker 1: that I didn't anticipate. I think, I know what's going 726 00:36:30,160 --> 00:36:32,160 Speaker 1: on here. We're we're actually rating things on whether you 727 00:36:32,200 --> 00:36:34,239 Speaker 1: like them or not, not whether the science is good 728 00:36:34,360 --> 00:36:36,440 Speaker 1: or not. Is that what's going on here? Is this 729 00:36:36,560 --> 00:36:40,399 Speaker 1: just really like? What is Daniel like? I mean, it's 730 00:36:40,480 --> 00:36:45,600 Speaker 1: part of it, right, I see. So Daniel gives it 731 00:36:45,640 --> 00:36:48,160 Speaker 1: a one thumb up, which is not the full two 732 00:36:48,239 --> 00:36:50,040 Speaker 1: thumbs up, but it's better than half of them up, 733 00:36:50,160 --> 00:36:51,799 Speaker 1: at least for now. All right, let's get into our 734 00:36:51,840 --> 00:36:54,600 Speaker 1: last year that we're talking about here today, And this 735 00:36:54,640 --> 00:36:57,840 Speaker 1: one is a doozy. It's so complicated. Daniel had to 736 00:36:57,880 --> 00:37:00,200 Speaker 1: stop watching it because it was giving him a take. 737 00:37:01,080 --> 00:37:04,120 Speaker 1: So let's see how many thumbs that one's worth. But first, 738 00:37:04,200 --> 00:37:19,440 Speaker 1: let's take another quick break. We're talking about the science 739 00:37:19,440 --> 00:37:23,400 Speaker 1: of time travel television or at least the Daniel's taste 740 00:37:23,600 --> 00:37:26,040 Speaker 1: of time travel television. And I watched a lot of 741 00:37:26,040 --> 00:37:28,400 Speaker 1: science fiction, and every time the show comes on that 742 00:37:28,560 --> 00:37:31,919 Speaker 1: hals time traveling, I'm like, please be good, Please be good, 743 00:37:32,120 --> 00:37:34,640 Speaker 1: Please be good. Well, in terms of the science, I 744 00:37:34,680 --> 00:37:36,680 Speaker 1: feel like when we talked about this in a previous 745 00:37:36,719 --> 00:37:38,960 Speaker 1: episode two about how there's kind of two things, like 746 00:37:39,040 --> 00:37:41,680 Speaker 1: one time travel where you can change the future or 747 00:37:41,719 --> 00:37:44,200 Speaker 1: the past, and there's time travel where you can't change 748 00:37:44,200 --> 00:37:47,400 Speaker 1: the future, like there's one set of events that happened, 749 00:37:47,400 --> 00:37:48,880 Speaker 1: and even if you go back in time, you're just 750 00:37:48,920 --> 00:37:50,839 Speaker 1: gonna do the thing that you were supposed to do. 751 00:37:50,960 --> 00:37:53,520 Speaker 1: And uh, I know as a scientist you don't like 752 00:37:53,600 --> 00:37:56,520 Speaker 1: the ones that break that rule. But it sounds like 753 00:37:56,600 --> 00:37:59,440 Speaker 1: that's not really related to which television shows you like. 754 00:37:59,680 --> 00:38:02,000 Speaker 1: There's a loose relationship there. I mean, if they break 755 00:38:02,000 --> 00:38:04,120 Speaker 1: those rules and they can just do anything at any point, 756 00:38:04,160 --> 00:38:06,040 Speaker 1: then I just sort of stopped caring about what happens 757 00:38:06,040 --> 00:38:08,160 Speaker 1: to the characters. But also, you know, there is still 758 00:38:08,320 --> 00:38:11,680 Speaker 1: room for creativity in the whole structure of a time 759 00:38:11,719 --> 00:38:14,920 Speaker 1: travel story. I do sometimes see movies where I'm like, wow, 760 00:38:14,960 --> 00:38:17,160 Speaker 1: I never thought of time travel that way. You know. 761 00:38:17,200 --> 00:38:20,319 Speaker 1: An example is the movie Primer. Primer is a really 762 00:38:20,360 --> 00:38:23,120 Speaker 1: creative time travel story that doesn't really fall into either 763 00:38:23,160 --> 00:38:25,400 Speaker 1: of those two categories you described. Maybe we'll have to 764 00:38:25,400 --> 00:38:27,600 Speaker 1: talk about it when we do the time travel movie 765 00:38:27,719 --> 00:38:31,279 Speaker 1: episode in the future. Wait, Primer, isn't it the one 766 00:38:31,320 --> 00:38:33,279 Speaker 1: where you can change the future? In Primary you can 767 00:38:33,400 --> 00:38:36,120 Speaker 1: change the future, but within certain limits based on sort 768 00:38:36,160 --> 00:38:38,120 Speaker 1: of like how far back in the past you built 769 00:38:38,280 --> 00:38:41,040 Speaker 1: time machine portals. Well, the thing that always gets me 770 00:38:41,080 --> 00:38:43,960 Speaker 1: about time travel in fiction or in general is that 771 00:38:44,000 --> 00:38:46,400 Speaker 1: if you travel back in time, the Earth is always 772 00:38:46,400 --> 00:38:48,680 Speaker 1: moving because the Earth's going around the Sun, and the 773 00:38:48,719 --> 00:38:50,360 Speaker 1: Sun is going around the Milky Way, and the Milky 774 00:38:50,360 --> 00:38:53,640 Speaker 1: Way is moving. So if you only change your time 775 00:38:53,680 --> 00:38:55,719 Speaker 1: cord in it, you're gonna end up floating in the 776 00:38:55,719 --> 00:38:59,160 Speaker 1: middle space if your time trauble right. And yet somehow 777 00:38:59,440 --> 00:39:01,560 Speaker 1: in these in shows and films, when you travel back 778 00:39:01,560 --> 00:39:03,480 Speaker 1: in time, you're still on Earth, sometimes even in the 779 00:39:03,520 --> 00:39:06,440 Speaker 1: same place. Wouldn't that be a super complicated kind of 780 00:39:06,480 --> 00:39:10,600 Speaker 1: like uh, cosmological coordinate calculation to end up in the 781 00:39:10,600 --> 00:39:12,680 Speaker 1: same place. Well, I think it's a lot of interesting issues. 782 00:39:12,719 --> 00:39:16,000 Speaker 1: They're like number one, if you can travel through time 783 00:39:16,080 --> 00:39:18,240 Speaker 1: then in principle, you should also be able to travel 784 00:39:18,239 --> 00:39:20,719 Speaker 1: through space. Whatever technology is allowing you to move from 785 00:39:20,760 --> 00:39:23,560 Speaker 1: an arbitrary time point to another probably also allows you 786 00:39:23,600 --> 00:39:26,320 Speaker 1: to move from a space time point to another space 787 00:39:26,320 --> 00:39:28,160 Speaker 1: time point. You bring up another point, which is like, 788 00:39:28,160 --> 00:39:31,080 Speaker 1: would it be complicated to figure out where that is? 789 00:39:31,280 --> 00:39:34,319 Speaker 1: That's actually sort of a fuzzy question theoretically, because there's 790 00:39:34,360 --> 00:39:38,279 Speaker 1: no absolute locations in space, right, and so like, how 791 00:39:38,320 --> 00:39:40,480 Speaker 1: do you compare a location at one time to a 792 00:39:40,520 --> 00:39:45,319 Speaker 1: location at another time? Not even sure really what that means. Well, 793 00:39:45,320 --> 00:39:47,839 Speaker 1: we think there's no absolute space. We think that there's 794 00:39:47,840 --> 00:39:50,279 Speaker 1: no absolute space. Yeah, we're talking about physics of the 795 00:39:50,360 --> 00:39:52,760 Speaker 1: universe here, but you know, yeah, in an arbitrary universe, 796 00:39:52,800 --> 00:39:55,239 Speaker 1: maybe there is absolute space, in which case that would 797 00:39:55,280 --> 00:39:57,520 Speaker 1: make sense. But you could like define your origin to 798 00:39:57,560 --> 00:40:00,480 Speaker 1: be your head. You're at zero zero, So you jump 799 00:40:00,480 --> 00:40:02,680 Speaker 1: back in time, you're still at zero zero. Where you 800 00:40:02,680 --> 00:40:05,960 Speaker 1: could define the origin to be the center of the earth, right, 801 00:40:06,000 --> 00:40:08,120 Speaker 1: and so you were at zero zero, is still at 802 00:40:08,160 --> 00:40:10,719 Speaker 1: zero zero. The fact that the Earth is moving relative 803 00:40:10,760 --> 00:40:13,520 Speaker 1: to other stuff out there, why should that be relevant 804 00:40:13,719 --> 00:40:15,879 Speaker 1: to your time travel device? You know? And then there's 805 00:40:15,920 --> 00:40:18,359 Speaker 1: the third wrinkle, which is like, well, what we're really 806 00:40:18,400 --> 00:40:21,280 Speaker 1: talking about in time travel here is not you traveling 807 00:40:21,280 --> 00:40:25,520 Speaker 1: back in time, but you somehow rewinding the rest of 808 00:40:25,560 --> 00:40:29,600 Speaker 1: the universe backwards in time without rewinding you. So like 809 00:40:29,640 --> 00:40:31,960 Speaker 1: what happens when you get in the time machine, it's 810 00:40:32,000 --> 00:40:35,080 Speaker 1: not like the time machine is moving the stuff inside 811 00:40:35,080 --> 00:40:37,719 Speaker 1: of it backwards in time. It's like it's somehow rewinding 812 00:40:37,760 --> 00:40:40,880 Speaker 1: the universe outside of it, which is even more bonkers. 813 00:40:41,160 --> 00:40:44,279 Speaker 1: So none of it makes sense if you start to 814 00:40:44,280 --> 00:40:46,680 Speaker 1: think too hard about it. It really also falls apart. 815 00:40:47,880 --> 00:40:49,600 Speaker 1: I mean, that's why they call it fiction. But the 816 00:40:49,680 --> 00:40:52,400 Speaker 1: last year we're talking about here today is called Dark, 817 00:40:52,680 --> 00:40:55,800 Speaker 1: which also streams on Netflix. Right, basically you only watch Netflix. 818 00:40:55,840 --> 00:40:58,080 Speaker 1: Is that what's going on? Because I think the time 819 00:40:58,080 --> 00:41:00,880 Speaker 1: travel is a wife? Isn't that also Netflix? That one's HBO? 820 00:41:01,080 --> 00:41:04,680 Speaker 1: I watched HBO. Also, Yeah, okay, so this one's called Dark, 821 00:41:04,840 --> 00:41:06,919 Speaker 1: and I've never heard of this one, but you said 822 00:41:06,960 --> 00:41:10,279 Speaker 1: it's pretty popular. It's pretty popular. It's in German and 823 00:41:10,360 --> 00:41:12,520 Speaker 1: with subtitles, and for a while at least it was 824 00:41:12,560 --> 00:41:16,359 Speaker 1: one of the top shows on Netflix in Germany, in 825 00:41:16,440 --> 00:41:19,040 Speaker 1: the United States and on the Discord server. A bunch 826 00:41:19,040 --> 00:41:21,400 Speaker 1: of people wanted us to talk about it. There's a 827 00:41:21,440 --> 00:41:24,600 Speaker 1: lot of sort of physics layering here, Like they use 828 00:41:24,840 --> 00:41:28,759 Speaker 1: the Higgs boson and nuclear power and wormholes and all 829 00:41:28,760 --> 00:41:31,520 Speaker 1: sorts of like physics words to try to give the 830 00:41:31,560 --> 00:41:34,560 Speaker 1: impression that the time travel in this show is like 831 00:41:34,680 --> 00:41:37,839 Speaker 1: realistic or scientific. So then would you categorize it as 832 00:41:37,960 --> 00:41:41,200 Speaker 1: hard science fiction or saw science fiction or jelly science. 833 00:41:42,560 --> 00:41:46,640 Speaker 1: I think it's soft science fiction masquerading as hard science fiction. 834 00:41:46,800 --> 00:41:48,799 Speaker 1: It's the kind of thing where they give an explanation, 835 00:41:49,080 --> 00:41:51,160 Speaker 1: but if you know anything about the words they use 836 00:41:51,200 --> 00:41:54,520 Speaker 1: in the explanation, it doesn't really make any sense at all. Well, 837 00:41:54,560 --> 00:41:58,799 Speaker 1: they are German, you know, they're probably very exacting about that. 838 00:41:58,840 --> 00:42:00,759 Speaker 1: It has to be hard science for you know, like 839 00:42:00,800 --> 00:42:02,520 Speaker 1: I watched shows and somebody says, well, wait, how is 840 00:42:02,520 --> 00:42:04,719 Speaker 1: that possible? And somebody else says, well, due to the 841 00:42:04,719 --> 00:42:09,320 Speaker 1: Heisenberg uncertainty principle of the quantum field theory, and they go, oh, yeah, okay, thanks, 842 00:42:09,320 --> 00:42:11,240 Speaker 1: that makes sense. I'm like, that doesn't make any sense 843 00:42:11,320 --> 00:42:13,520 Speaker 1: to me. What are you talking about? It's sort of 844 00:42:13,560 --> 00:42:16,000 Speaker 1: that kind of thing, right, because you're a physicist, and 845 00:42:16,040 --> 00:42:18,399 Speaker 1: so I wonder, like, how many shows do the same thing, 846 00:42:18,440 --> 00:42:21,239 Speaker 1: but for like architecture or biology, and you're like, oh, yeah, 847 00:42:21,280 --> 00:42:24,239 Speaker 1: sure that makes sense. I'll never know, right unless I 848 00:42:24,320 --> 00:42:27,080 Speaker 1: listen to the podcast where an architect reviews all of 849 00:42:27,080 --> 00:42:30,080 Speaker 1: these TV shows. They could never build that subway station. 850 00:42:30,320 --> 00:42:33,480 Speaker 1: Give it two rulers up. You'll have to go back 851 00:42:33,480 --> 00:42:37,200 Speaker 1: in time and study architecture. Me and George Costanza, All right, well, 852 00:42:37,640 --> 00:42:39,759 Speaker 1: maybe step us through. What is the basic plot line 853 00:42:39,760 --> 00:42:42,720 Speaker 1: of this show. This show is about a mysterious cave 854 00:42:42,880 --> 00:42:46,319 Speaker 1: in the woods, and one of the characters disappears when 855 00:42:46,320 --> 00:42:48,839 Speaker 1: they go inside the cave, and it's sort of this 856 00:42:49,200 --> 00:42:52,680 Speaker 1: multiple plot line mystery. You have plot lines in two 857 00:42:52,719 --> 00:42:56,200 Speaker 1: thousand nineteen, you plot lines in nineteen fifty three, you 858 00:42:56,200 --> 00:42:59,799 Speaker 1: have plot lines in six And it turns out that 859 00:43:00,000 --> 00:43:03,000 Speaker 1: going into this cave, you enter a wormhole that can 860 00:43:03,000 --> 00:43:05,919 Speaker 1: take you sort of backwards or forwards in time, back 861 00:43:05,960 --> 00:43:08,719 Speaker 1: to the same cave, back to the same cave. Yeah, 862 00:43:08,840 --> 00:43:10,920 Speaker 1: so it's a sort of wormhole that has an opening 863 00:43:11,080 --> 00:43:15,680 Speaker 1: the same location on the Earth, but different points in time. Wait, like, 864 00:43:15,760 --> 00:43:18,480 Speaker 1: you go in, it gets dark, and you keep walking 865 00:43:18,520 --> 00:43:20,680 Speaker 1: and you come out the same cave but at a 866 00:43:20,680 --> 00:43:25,160 Speaker 1: different time on Earth. Yeah, exactly, Like how do you 867 00:43:25,160 --> 00:43:27,359 Speaker 1: have to wait? They're in the cave? How does this work? 868 00:43:27,400 --> 00:43:30,120 Speaker 1: There's a portal that you walk through, and according to 869 00:43:30,120 --> 00:43:33,080 Speaker 1: the show, this was created during a sort of accident 870 00:43:33,080 --> 00:43:36,000 Speaker 1: and a nuclear facility sort of adjacent to the tunnels 871 00:43:36,040 --> 00:43:39,960 Speaker 1: in this cave. So somehow this nuclear physics experiment and 872 00:43:40,040 --> 00:43:43,200 Speaker 1: blame it on the scientists, created this rift in time. 873 00:43:43,239 --> 00:43:44,839 Speaker 1: And so if you walk through this cave, it's sort 874 00:43:44,840 --> 00:43:46,320 Speaker 1: of mysterious. They don't show it to you, and the 875 00:43:46,320 --> 00:43:48,840 Speaker 1: show is called dark after all, They just sort of 876 00:43:48,840 --> 00:43:51,399 Speaker 1: show you coming out of the cave at another time. 877 00:43:52,400 --> 00:43:54,520 Speaker 1: Now does it always take it to the same time 878 00:43:54,719 --> 00:43:57,040 Speaker 1: or does it always take you the same number of 879 00:43:57,160 --> 00:43:59,920 Speaker 1: years in the future or past or or is it rents? 880 00:44:00,000 --> 00:44:02,400 Speaker 1: So there are these fixed end points to the wormhole 881 00:44:02,680 --> 00:44:05,600 Speaker 1: that are thirty three years apart, so in nineteen fifty three, 882 00:44:05,760 --> 00:44:09,160 Speaker 1: nineteen eighty six, two thousand, nineteen, and sometimes you even 883 00:44:09,200 --> 00:44:12,200 Speaker 1: get glimpses of the further future. So it seems like 884 00:44:12,280 --> 00:44:15,120 Speaker 1: for some reason, this wormhole connects all these points in 885 00:44:15,160 --> 00:44:18,120 Speaker 1: time that are fixed times apart. But like it's so 886 00:44:18,200 --> 00:44:20,040 Speaker 1: meaning like if I go walk into the cave at 887 00:44:20,080 --> 00:44:22,200 Speaker 1: any point in time, I can only come out in 888 00:44:22,280 --> 00:44:25,080 Speaker 1: certain years. Yeah, exactly. If you go in nineteen eighty six, 889 00:44:25,239 --> 00:44:27,520 Speaker 1: you can't come out in nineteen eighty four or nineteen 890 00:44:27,560 --> 00:44:29,840 Speaker 1: eighty two, but you can't come out in nineteen fifty 891 00:44:29,840 --> 00:44:32,480 Speaker 1: three or in two thousand nineteen. I see, But what 892 00:44:32,560 --> 00:44:35,720 Speaker 1: did like two people going at the same time. Wouldn't 893 00:44:35,719 --> 00:44:38,400 Speaker 1: they all come out at the same instant. Well, the 894 00:44:38,719 --> 00:44:41,400 Speaker 1: story is taking place at these times, right, If you 895 00:44:41,480 --> 00:44:43,239 Speaker 1: go in in nineteen eighty six, you come out in 896 00:44:43,320 --> 00:44:46,680 Speaker 1: nineteen fifty three. There's thirty three year increments. Presumably the 897 00:44:46,719 --> 00:44:48,480 Speaker 1: story goes on, and if you jumped into it in 898 00:44:48,600 --> 00:44:51,680 Speaker 1: nineteen ninety you would then come out in nineteen fifty seven. 899 00:44:52,000 --> 00:44:54,759 Speaker 1: So the thirty three years apart. But the wormhole ends 900 00:44:54,800 --> 00:44:56,840 Speaker 1: are not fixed in time. It's not like the wormhole 901 00:44:56,920 --> 00:44:59,480 Speaker 1: ends appear at nineteen eighty six and appear in two 902 00:44:59,520 --> 00:45:02,160 Speaker 1: thousand nine and teen. The portals of the wormhole are 903 00:45:02,200 --> 00:45:05,560 Speaker 1: also moving forwards in time. M Yeah, that's what I meant, 904 00:45:05,600 --> 00:45:09,080 Speaker 1: Like there's a fixed number of years that the wormhole jumps. Yeah, exactly, 905 00:45:09,120 --> 00:45:11,920 Speaker 1: it moves you forwards or backwards a certain integer and 906 00:45:12,040 --> 00:45:15,279 Speaker 1: multiples of thirty three forwards or backwards. So like if 907 00:45:15,280 --> 00:45:17,040 Speaker 1: you go in, you might go three three years in 908 00:45:17,040 --> 00:45:19,480 Speaker 1: the future or thirty three years in the past. Yeah, exactly. 909 00:45:19,480 --> 00:45:22,840 Speaker 1: And there's this original wormhole created by this nuclear incident, 910 00:45:23,120 --> 00:45:25,239 Speaker 1: which is sort of left fuzzy. But then later there's 911 00:45:25,280 --> 00:45:28,279 Speaker 1: also a group of people who are constructing devices that 912 00:45:28,400 --> 00:45:32,120 Speaker 1: let them travel forwards and backwards in time, and I 913 00:45:32,120 --> 00:45:34,480 Speaker 1: think it's sort of left unclear whether they can control 914 00:45:34,560 --> 00:45:36,880 Speaker 1: that gap or not, or whether it lets them just 915 00:45:36,960 --> 00:45:39,960 Speaker 1: move forwards and backwards in time without going into the cave. Right, 916 00:45:40,040 --> 00:45:42,880 Speaker 1: So there's a natural time travel device, and there's also 917 00:45:43,080 --> 00:45:45,480 Speaker 1: artificial time tratle device in the story. You know, it's 918 00:45:45,520 --> 00:45:48,279 Speaker 1: sort of all artificial because the one in the cave 919 00:45:48,400 --> 00:45:50,960 Speaker 1: is created by a nuclear incident, which definitely comes from 920 00:45:51,040 --> 00:45:53,920 Speaker 1: human scientific experiments, right, but that one sort of fixed 921 00:45:53,920 --> 00:45:56,720 Speaker 1: in place. And then there's a mobile time travel device, 922 00:45:56,800 --> 00:46:00,359 Speaker 1: this clockwork box that some people build so they don't 923 00:46:00,360 --> 00:46:02,440 Speaker 1: have to be in the cave to travel forwards and 924 00:46:02,440 --> 00:46:05,640 Speaker 1: backwards in time. They made their own cave. And who 925 00:46:05,640 --> 00:46:07,640 Speaker 1: are these people that made the cave. I don't want 926 00:46:07,640 --> 00:46:11,799 Speaker 1: to give any spoilers, not caveman, cave man. But the 927 00:46:11,800 --> 00:46:14,200 Speaker 1: funny thing is that in order to have this box 928 00:46:14,239 --> 00:46:16,879 Speaker 1: that can move forwards and backwards in time. They need 929 00:46:16,920 --> 00:46:19,440 Speaker 1: some sort of like extra physics, right, They don't use 930 00:46:19,480 --> 00:46:21,759 Speaker 1: the wormhole to do this, so the writers needed some 931 00:46:22,000 --> 00:46:24,279 Speaker 1: extra layer of physics, so they describe it as being 932 00:46:24,320 --> 00:46:29,200 Speaker 1: powered by the God particle. Interesting, wait, so there's multiple 933 00:46:29,320 --> 00:46:32,799 Speaker 1: technologies here that can make tried preble possible. There's one 934 00:46:32,880 --> 00:46:35,920 Speaker 1: that's a wormhole, and then there's one that uses the 935 00:46:36,000 --> 00:46:38,839 Speaker 1: Higgs boson. Basically, Yeah, they never say higgs boson. They 936 00:46:38,880 --> 00:46:41,480 Speaker 1: call it the God particle, and they actually show it 937 00:46:41,520 --> 00:46:44,160 Speaker 1: to you on the screen, like we see the God 938 00:46:44,239 --> 00:46:47,960 Speaker 1: particle on TV, and it looks like this sort of frothing, 939 00:46:48,120 --> 00:46:51,640 Speaker 1: swarming mass of blue and black light. It's kind of 940 00:46:51,680 --> 00:46:54,719 Speaker 1: creative visually, but you know, of course it's nonsense, like 941 00:46:54,800 --> 00:46:57,560 Speaker 1: the higgs boson is not the God particle first of all, 942 00:46:57,600 --> 00:46:59,799 Speaker 1: and the higgs boson doesn't look anything like what they've 943 00:46:59,840 --> 00:47:02,799 Speaker 1: just gribed it on TV. And the Higgs boson in 944 00:47:02,800 --> 00:47:05,360 Speaker 1: no way would allow you to travel through time or 945 00:47:05,440 --> 00:47:08,880 Speaker 1: create wormholes. It's just like a phrase in science that 946 00:47:09,200 --> 00:47:12,920 Speaker 1: you know that I know, yes, because it is the 947 00:47:13,000 --> 00:47:15,520 Speaker 1: God particle. I mean, you're saying it's not the Higgs 948 00:47:15,520 --> 00:47:17,600 Speaker 1: boson so it could be some kind of particle that 949 00:47:17,640 --> 00:47:19,960 Speaker 1: we have yet to discover, right, yeah, all right. If 950 00:47:19,960 --> 00:47:22,120 Speaker 1: the god particle is not supposed to be the Higgs boson, 951 00:47:22,200 --> 00:47:25,239 Speaker 1: if it's some crazy future thing that create wormholes and 952 00:47:25,320 --> 00:47:29,200 Speaker 1: plot devices, then sure it all makes sense. Didn't physicist 953 00:47:29,200 --> 00:47:32,960 Speaker 1: for a while thing neutrinos traveled back in time? No 954 00:47:32,960 --> 00:47:35,359 Speaker 1: nobody ever thought new Trina's travel back in time. There 955 00:47:35,400 --> 00:47:38,120 Speaker 1: was a moment when some people claim that neutrinos traveled 956 00:47:38,160 --> 00:47:40,239 Speaker 1: faster than the speed of light, but that was doing 957 00:47:40,320 --> 00:47:43,040 Speaker 1: a miscalibration of their clocks. All right, Well back to 958 00:47:43,080 --> 00:47:46,040 Speaker 1: the show. So there is a cave that's a warm hole, 959 00:47:46,080 --> 00:47:48,800 Speaker 1: and then there's somebody meant at a box that somebody 960 00:47:48,880 --> 00:47:53,040 Speaker 1: uses particle physics to what to teleport whatever goes in 961 00:47:53,040 --> 00:47:56,120 Speaker 1: into another time or teleport the whole box where you 962 00:47:56,160 --> 00:47:58,400 Speaker 1: can use the box and if you set the box 963 00:47:58,400 --> 00:48:01,440 Speaker 1: and you and the box moved forwards and backwards in time. 964 00:48:01,600 --> 00:48:03,920 Speaker 1: It's a lot like the briefcase in the Umbrella Academy. 965 00:48:04,080 --> 00:48:06,000 Speaker 1: I see, and it's this box blue And does it 966 00:48:06,120 --> 00:48:10,080 Speaker 1: look like a British telephone? No, it's much smaller. It 967 00:48:10,120 --> 00:48:12,759 Speaker 1: looks sort of like an old fashioned mechanical device the 968 00:48:12,800 --> 00:48:15,120 Speaker 1: whole show. I wouldn't say it's steam punky, but it's 969 00:48:15,160 --> 00:48:18,200 Speaker 1: more like mechanical than electrical. Like you crank it up, 970 00:48:18,200 --> 00:48:21,800 Speaker 1: it goes, and then you and the box somehow travel 971 00:48:21,880 --> 00:48:24,480 Speaker 1: to another time exactly, And how do they use all 972 00:48:24,520 --> 00:48:26,520 Speaker 1: this time traveling? So on top of this, there's an 973 00:48:26,520 --> 00:48:30,800 Speaker 1: incredibly complex plot because people are traveling forwards and backwards 974 00:48:30,800 --> 00:48:33,359 Speaker 1: in time. Some of the characters in the future are 975 00:48:33,400 --> 00:48:35,520 Speaker 1: actually the same as the characters in the past, but 976 00:48:35,600 --> 00:48:37,759 Speaker 1: you just don't know it. And they like become their 977 00:48:37,760 --> 00:48:42,720 Speaker 1: own fathers, and like it's very complicated what they become 978 00:48:42,719 --> 00:48:44,800 Speaker 1: their own fathers. I mean, again, I don't want to 979 00:48:44,800 --> 00:48:47,000 Speaker 1: spoil too much, but did you already spoil it? So 980 00:48:47,080 --> 00:48:49,040 Speaker 1: let's get into this. How does this work? Like I 981 00:48:49,160 --> 00:48:52,799 Speaker 1: go back into time and I and I have a 982 00:48:52,880 --> 00:48:56,240 Speaker 1: kid with somebody who happens to be my mother. Doesn't 983 00:48:56,239 --> 00:48:59,000 Speaker 1: that break all rules of biology? Yeah? And that's not 984 00:48:59,080 --> 00:49:05,719 Speaker 1: the smallest problem with the show? All right, let's keep 985 00:49:05,719 --> 00:49:07,880 Speaker 1: going then, And there's also some very difficult to watch 986 00:49:07,880 --> 00:49:11,399 Speaker 1: scenes where they do like painful experiments on humans as 987 00:49:11,440 --> 00:49:13,960 Speaker 1: they're developing these time travel boxes to see if they 988 00:49:14,000 --> 00:49:16,799 Speaker 1: get them to work. This is like mysterious organization that's 989 00:49:17,000 --> 00:49:19,719 Speaker 1: trying to build these clockwork devices for reasons we don't 990 00:49:19,719 --> 00:49:23,399 Speaker 1: really understand. Sometimes we get glimpses of a post apocalyptic 991 00:49:23,480 --> 00:49:26,799 Speaker 1: future dominated by futuristic weapons and the whole world is 992 00:49:26,840 --> 00:49:29,040 Speaker 1: at war, and we get a sense that maybe people 993 00:49:29,080 --> 00:49:32,319 Speaker 1: are trying to prevent that future. It's very complicated, and 994 00:49:32,400 --> 00:49:34,120 Speaker 1: I watched a season and a half of this and 995 00:49:34,160 --> 00:49:36,520 Speaker 1: I had to start taking notes and drawing diagrams to 996 00:49:36,600 --> 00:49:38,920 Speaker 1: keep tracking, like what is going on? Who is what, 997 00:49:39,040 --> 00:49:41,520 Speaker 1: and what do they want? And eventually I just got 998 00:49:41,560 --> 00:49:44,480 Speaker 1: so confused. I did stopped watching. Wow, it was too 999 00:49:44,600 --> 00:49:47,720 Speaker 1: much for your physicist brain, or like you just lost interest. 1000 00:49:47,920 --> 00:49:49,520 Speaker 1: It was just too much for me. Like I can 1001 00:49:49,600 --> 00:49:51,640 Speaker 1: watch ten different shows at once and keep all the 1002 00:49:51,680 --> 00:49:54,359 Speaker 1: threads in my head, so when like episode nine comes on, 1003 00:49:54,440 --> 00:49:56,560 Speaker 1: I'm like, oh, yeah, I remember what's happening. I care 1004 00:49:56,600 --> 00:49:58,600 Speaker 1: about this again, But this one I was just lost. 1005 00:49:58,640 --> 00:50:01,400 Speaker 1: I even tried just watching this show by itself for 1006 00:50:01,440 --> 00:50:03,640 Speaker 1: a week to like try to keep track of the threads. 1007 00:50:03,760 --> 00:50:06,520 Speaker 1: I even started reading the wiki pages that the fans 1008 00:50:06,560 --> 00:50:09,040 Speaker 1: put up to explain everything, and I just couldn't even rock. 1009 00:50:09,120 --> 00:50:10,719 Speaker 1: It was the problem that every time you turned on 1010 00:50:10,800 --> 00:50:13,520 Speaker 1: the show, the previously on Dark took like an hour 1011 00:50:13,719 --> 00:50:17,520 Speaker 1: just to explain what happened before. It was just that 1012 00:50:17,560 --> 00:50:19,759 Speaker 1: I couldn't even recognize any of the characters in any 1013 00:50:19,760 --> 00:50:21,560 Speaker 1: of the scenes. I felt like there was stuff that 1014 00:50:21,640 --> 00:50:23,839 Speaker 1: was happening that was really momentous if you knew who 1015 00:50:23,840 --> 00:50:26,960 Speaker 1: these people were, But I just had no idea, why 1016 00:50:27,000 --> 00:50:28,960 Speaker 1: are we watching this? Who are these people? What does 1017 00:50:29,000 --> 00:50:31,759 Speaker 1: that mean that this person just shot that person? Well, 1018 00:50:31,760 --> 00:50:35,839 Speaker 1: what's the overarch king arc of the show? Or who 1019 00:50:35,840 --> 00:50:37,800 Speaker 1: are we supposed to follow? Who are we supposed to 1020 00:50:37,840 --> 00:50:40,080 Speaker 1: care about in this show? Is there one time traveler 1021 00:50:40,080 --> 00:50:41,719 Speaker 1: that you were following or a group of people that 1022 00:50:41,760 --> 00:50:44,799 Speaker 1: discover the cave. It's a whole interconnected family and the 1023 00:50:44,840 --> 00:50:47,799 Speaker 1: consequences for that family and everybody they know. One of 1024 00:50:47,800 --> 00:50:50,839 Speaker 1: the initial driving questions is like, what happened to this kid? 1025 00:50:51,239 --> 00:50:55,000 Speaker 1: Disappeared into the cave? Turns that he went back in time, etcetera, etcetera. 1026 00:50:55,160 --> 00:50:57,160 Speaker 1: He was living as an older version of himself the 1027 00:50:57,200 --> 00:50:59,840 Speaker 1: whole time. But then it morphs into this like broadened 1028 00:51:00,040 --> 00:51:03,960 Speaker 1: narrative about preventing this post apocalyptic future and preventing these 1029 00:51:04,120 --> 00:51:06,960 Speaker 1: clockwork box people from somehow taking over the world with 1030 00:51:07,000 --> 00:51:09,920 Speaker 1: the god particle, and so it becomes so broad and 1031 00:51:09,960 --> 00:51:13,200 Speaker 1: complicated that I couldn't even follow the plot. How many 1032 00:51:13,200 --> 00:51:15,880 Speaker 1: seasons has it been going on? For many more seasons 1033 00:51:15,880 --> 00:51:20,479 Speaker 1: than I've watched, and the season's happened in chronological order? 1034 00:51:21,320 --> 00:51:23,399 Speaker 1: Do you have to watch the whole show and from 1035 00:51:23,440 --> 00:51:26,440 Speaker 1: season one through forward or can you skip around? I 1036 00:51:26,480 --> 00:51:28,880 Speaker 1: do not recommend skipping around, And if it's not going 1037 00:51:28,920 --> 00:51:31,000 Speaker 1: to make sense, might as well, right, And maybe it's 1038 00:51:31,040 --> 00:51:32,839 Speaker 1: just me. I know a lot of people enjoy this show. 1039 00:51:32,880 --> 00:51:34,879 Speaker 1: A lot of folks on the Discord server are really 1040 00:51:34,920 --> 00:51:37,680 Speaker 1: into this show. So maybe it just took paying more 1041 00:51:37,719 --> 00:51:39,640 Speaker 1: attention than I was able to give it late at 1042 00:51:39,719 --> 00:51:41,719 Speaker 1: night when I watched TV. Or maybe you just need 1043 00:51:41,760 --> 00:51:44,600 Speaker 1: to speak German right right, Or maybe you're just like 1044 00:51:44,640 --> 00:51:48,480 Speaker 1: a dog who you know, is b beyond the human 1045 00:51:48,520 --> 00:51:52,960 Speaker 1: beings or just your you know, neural capacity. Yeah, exactly, 1046 00:51:53,160 --> 00:51:55,279 Speaker 1: I'm just a dog barking at the night sky when 1047 00:51:55,320 --> 00:51:59,960 Speaker 1: I watched this show at the television. Well, so it's 1048 00:52:00,040 --> 00:52:03,880 Speaker 1: so complicated and made a particle physicist confused and unable 1049 00:52:03,920 --> 00:52:06,000 Speaker 1: to follow. How many thumbs up would you give that 1050 00:52:06,080 --> 00:52:07,920 Speaker 1: this one. I don't give any thumbs up. Yeah, I 1051 00:52:07,960 --> 00:52:11,319 Speaker 1: couldn't even finish watching it unfortunately, zero thumbs up. Well, 1052 00:52:11,400 --> 00:52:14,000 Speaker 1: let me maybe put it a different way. What do 1053 00:52:14,000 --> 00:52:16,279 Speaker 1: you think of the science and this the signs consistent? 1054 00:52:16,719 --> 00:52:18,960 Speaker 1: Is it like the good kind of time travel where 1055 00:52:19,000 --> 00:52:22,160 Speaker 1: you get would that respect causality? Or is it the 1056 00:52:22,239 --> 00:52:24,799 Speaker 1: kind of time travel that doesn't respect causality. I think 1057 00:52:24,800 --> 00:52:27,399 Speaker 1: the science of the show is basically gobbledygook. I mean, 1058 00:52:27,400 --> 00:52:29,800 Speaker 1: when they started using the god particle to explain stuff 1059 00:52:29,800 --> 00:52:31,919 Speaker 1: that didn't make any sense, I was like, yeah, we're done. 1060 00:52:32,960 --> 00:52:36,200 Speaker 1: It insulted you personally, and so you discounted the rest 1061 00:52:36,239 --> 00:52:38,960 Speaker 1: of it, even though apparently it's very popular. You're like, 1062 00:52:39,160 --> 00:52:41,840 Speaker 1: you pushed my button, man, forget it. I give it 1063 00:52:41,920 --> 00:52:46,200 Speaker 1: no thumbs Yes I would. I have an abuse of 1064 00:52:46,200 --> 00:52:48,960 Speaker 1: the higgs boson button, and this show pressed it right. 1065 00:52:49,200 --> 00:52:51,680 Speaker 1: So this whole show, that this podcast episode, it's not 1066 00:52:51,760 --> 00:52:54,360 Speaker 1: really even the science of time travel or what you 1067 00:52:54,400 --> 00:52:56,800 Speaker 1: like is whether or not a show mentions the Higgs 1068 00:52:56,800 --> 00:52:59,239 Speaker 1: boson and cause it a god particle or not. That's 1069 00:52:59,239 --> 00:53:01,439 Speaker 1: really the thumbs up Earth of down Here. Yeah. Look, 1070 00:53:01,480 --> 00:53:03,160 Speaker 1: if somebody out there is a writer for a science 1071 00:53:03,160 --> 00:53:05,320 Speaker 1: fiction show, and you're tempted to use the Higgs boson 1072 00:53:05,400 --> 00:53:08,080 Speaker 1: to solve your plot holes. Please just don't because if 1073 00:53:08,080 --> 00:53:10,879 Speaker 1: you do, I'm not going to watch it. But they 1074 00:53:10,880 --> 00:53:14,840 Speaker 1: didn't use the god particle. It's just maybe in German 1075 00:53:15,080 --> 00:53:19,920 Speaker 1: it's just a mistranslation. Then maybe you're just projecting your 1076 00:53:19,960 --> 00:53:23,960 Speaker 1: own problems with it. Yeah, maybe it really is just 1077 00:53:24,000 --> 00:53:26,719 Speaker 1: the Da Vinci code. Yeah yeah, maybe really in the 1078 00:53:26,760 --> 00:53:30,359 Speaker 1: original German it means the goddess particle or you know, 1079 00:53:30,640 --> 00:53:32,759 Speaker 1: the d D particle. Okay, you know what, I'm gonna 1080 00:53:32,800 --> 00:53:34,840 Speaker 1: learn German and then I'll watch it in the original 1081 00:53:34,920 --> 00:53:37,799 Speaker 1: language to give it a fresh take that sounds fair, 1082 00:53:37,920 --> 00:53:40,640 Speaker 1: and also learn some architecture and maybe some biology, because 1083 00:53:40,719 --> 00:53:43,600 Speaker 1: I feel like if you were a biologist, this show 1084 00:53:43,600 --> 00:53:48,680 Speaker 1: would make you turn it off right away, Like don't 1085 00:53:48,680 --> 00:53:51,360 Speaker 1: they know how DNA works? You can't. You can't sorry, 1086 00:53:51,400 --> 00:53:54,560 Speaker 1: your own yourself with another person. If you use the 1087 00:53:54,600 --> 00:53:57,239 Speaker 1: god particle, maybe you can. Oh, there you go. Maybe 1088 00:53:57,239 --> 00:54:01,160 Speaker 1: the uses the the god dam yeahvolves every problem and 1089 00:54:01,200 --> 00:54:03,520 Speaker 1: it's cool and looks blue and black on the screen. 1090 00:54:04,040 --> 00:54:07,920 Speaker 1: Maybe you're also your wife in this episode. Maybe you 1091 00:54:07,920 --> 00:54:11,000 Speaker 1: are your own time traveling god particle. Wife. There you 1092 00:54:11,040 --> 00:54:13,960 Speaker 1: go that's dark and uses an umbrella. There'll be the 1093 00:54:14,040 --> 00:54:16,680 Speaker 1: ultimate show. Maybe then you'll give it a thumps up, 1094 00:54:16,719 --> 00:54:18,480 Speaker 1: you know what, I'll give it at least one episode. 1095 00:54:18,760 --> 00:54:22,080 Speaker 1: All right, Well, I think the big takeaway here is 1096 00:54:22,120 --> 00:54:25,840 Speaker 1: that time travel is tricky but also irresistibly fun to 1097 00:54:25,960 --> 00:54:28,800 Speaker 1: think about and to write stories about, because I guess 1098 00:54:28,800 --> 00:54:32,000 Speaker 1: we all wonder how this universe works, and we're all 1099 00:54:32,080 --> 00:54:34,239 Speaker 1: wondering how far can you push it? Right, Like, if 1100 00:54:34,239 --> 00:54:36,919 Speaker 1: time travel is possible, what would happen if you made 1101 00:54:36,920 --> 00:54:38,480 Speaker 1: a box that could do it or if someone had 1102 00:54:38,520 --> 00:54:41,440 Speaker 1: the power to do it exactly? And it's totally worthwhile, 1103 00:54:41,600 --> 00:54:45,239 Speaker 1: mean creative about these things because physicists don't really understand them, 1104 00:54:45,560 --> 00:54:47,640 Speaker 1: and it's fun to think about what the universe might 1105 00:54:47,680 --> 00:54:49,760 Speaker 1: be like if we could break some of these rules, 1106 00:54:50,040 --> 00:54:53,480 Speaker 1: like mentioning the Higgs boson, which is a big no 1107 00:54:53,600 --> 00:54:56,960 Speaker 1: note here, I guess on the podcast, don't break that rule. 1108 00:54:57,000 --> 00:54:58,560 Speaker 1: Don't mention the eggs boson if you don't know what 1109 00:54:58,600 --> 00:55:01,200 Speaker 1: you're talking about. That is definitely my rule. Oh man, 1110 00:55:01,400 --> 00:55:03,480 Speaker 1: now I'm tempted. Every time you say something could be aliens, 1111 00:55:03,520 --> 00:55:05,200 Speaker 1: I'm gonna be like Pep, what if it's just the 1112 00:55:05,239 --> 00:55:08,879 Speaker 1: Higgs boson, I mean, the God particle. Just to push 1113 00:55:08,880 --> 00:55:11,560 Speaker 1: your button. Did you're gonna give us thumbs down to 1114 00:55:11,600 --> 00:55:16,120 Speaker 1: our own podcast? No? No, that's creating a paradox or 1115 00:55:16,160 --> 00:55:20,319 Speaker 1: a paradoctor in philosophy. I'm gonna get paradox psychosis, You're 1116 00:55:20,320 --> 00:55:24,400 Speaker 1: gonna get paradox. All right, Well, regardless, we recommend these 1117 00:55:24,400 --> 00:55:26,640 Speaker 1: shows that you check it out yourself and see if 1118 00:55:26,680 --> 00:55:28,680 Speaker 1: you like it and whether the time travel in it 1119 00:55:28,880 --> 00:55:30,920 Speaker 1: or the lack of time travel or the lack of 1120 00:55:30,960 --> 00:55:35,040 Speaker 1: explanation or over explanation for the time travel appeals to you. Yeah, 1121 00:55:35,160 --> 00:55:37,400 Speaker 1: and as you check out these shows, serve yourself a 1122 00:55:37,440 --> 00:55:40,280 Speaker 1: nice scoop of ice cream with extra Higgs bosons on top. 1123 00:55:40,440 --> 00:55:43,320 Speaker 1: That's right, just don't call it the God ice cream. 1124 00:55:43,440 --> 00:55:46,319 Speaker 1: We hope you enjoyed that. Thanks for joining us, see 1125 00:55:46,320 --> 00:55:56,600 Speaker 1: you next time. Thanks for listening, and remember that Daniel 1126 00:55:56,640 --> 00:55:59,120 Speaker 1: and Jorge Explain the Universe is a production of I 1127 00:55:59,360 --> 00:56:02,799 Speaker 1: Heart Ready or more podcast from my Heart Radio, Visit 1128 00:56:02,840 --> 00:56:06,279 Speaker 1: the I Heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you 1129 00:56:06,440 --> 00:56:08,920 Speaker 1: listen to your favorite shows. H