WEBVTT - Selects: How Magnets Work

0:00:00.920 --> 0:00:03.280
<v Speaker 1>Hey there, it's Josh, and for this week's select, I've

0:00:03.320 --> 0:00:07.520
<v Speaker 1>chosen an ancient episode from April of twenty thirteen, more

0:00:07.560 --> 0:00:09.920
<v Speaker 1>than ten years ago. Can you believe it? And if

0:00:09.920 --> 0:00:12.880
<v Speaker 1>you don't understand how magnets work after listening to this one,

0:00:13.280 --> 0:00:15.560
<v Speaker 1>well then we didn't do a very good job of

0:00:15.600 --> 0:00:17.959
<v Speaker 1>explaining it. Check it out and see what you think.

0:00:22.840 --> 0:00:28.560
<v Speaker 2>Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of iHeartRadio.

0:00:32.240 --> 0:00:34.920
<v Speaker 1>Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark with

0:00:35.600 --> 0:00:39.720
<v Speaker 1>guess who tell him? Tell him how? I'm with Chuck. Oh, Chuck,

0:00:40.400 --> 0:00:42.760
<v Speaker 1>I'm with Chuck, and Jerry's in the room as well,

0:00:43.159 --> 0:00:45.560
<v Speaker 1>And since the three of us are together in this room,

0:00:46.120 --> 0:00:48.560
<v Speaker 1>we have tell the Stuff should Know Chuck, Stuff you

0:00:48.600 --> 0:00:54.040
<v Speaker 1>should Know. That's right the podcast. I am so excited

0:00:54.080 --> 0:00:56.360
<v Speaker 1>about this podcast. I know you would be, so much

0:00:56.360 --> 0:00:58.600
<v Speaker 1>so that I'm worried about it because, as you know,

0:00:58.720 --> 0:01:01.520
<v Speaker 1>and anybody who even likes occasionally listens to the Stuff

0:01:01.520 --> 0:01:04.120
<v Speaker 1>you Should Know is aware of the more excited I

0:01:04.160 --> 0:01:08.880
<v Speaker 1>get about a topic, the poorer job I do at

0:01:08.959 --> 0:01:12.199
<v Speaker 1>explaining it. Yeah, see you already did it. I should

0:01:12.200 --> 0:01:16.920
<v Speaker 1>have said, the poorer the job I do. Yeah, it's true.

0:01:16.920 --> 0:01:20.160
<v Speaker 1>So I'm just gonna try to remain calm, okay, because

0:01:20.160 --> 0:01:22.200
<v Speaker 1>all we're talking about is magnets after all, you know.

0:01:22.680 --> 0:01:25.640
<v Speaker 2>And that's the way I feel. We usually balance each

0:01:25.640 --> 0:01:26.680
<v Speaker 2>other out nicely like that.

0:01:26.959 --> 0:01:29.560
<v Speaker 1>But you don't think that there is some a certain

0:01:29.680 --> 0:01:35.600
<v Speaker 1>cachet to walking around understanding how a magnet works. Do

0:01:35.680 --> 0:01:38.200
<v Speaker 1>you realize what percentage of the population you're a member

0:01:38.240 --> 0:01:42.880
<v Speaker 1>of for knowing that maybe, maybe, and this is a guess,

0:01:42.920 --> 0:01:47.840
<v Speaker 1>like point zero zero two nine percent of the human population.

0:01:47.520 --> 0:01:48.680
<v Speaker 2>Knows how magnets work.

0:01:49.120 --> 0:01:52.280
<v Speaker 1>I don't know anybody else until we selected this and

0:01:52.320 --> 0:01:56.160
<v Speaker 1>started reading it besides Tracy Wilson, who knew how magnets work.

0:01:56.320 --> 0:01:59.040
<v Speaker 2>I think you are underestimating the curiosity of the general

0:01:59.080 --> 0:02:01.600
<v Speaker 2>public for people to look up this stuff.

0:02:01.320 --> 0:02:04.000
<v Speaker 1>On their own, all right, I would like to hear

0:02:04.040 --> 0:02:05.840
<v Speaker 1>from people if you already knew how magnets is.

0:02:05.960 --> 0:02:07.800
<v Speaker 2>Act like, if we don't tell people this and they're

0:02:07.840 --> 0:02:10.000
<v Speaker 2>just dumb dummies walking around.

0:02:10.040 --> 0:02:13.000
<v Speaker 1>I don't think that that's not at all what I think.

0:02:13.320 --> 0:02:14.799
<v Speaker 1>But I get.

0:02:15.360 --> 0:02:17.440
<v Speaker 2>This, and I think that will prove that people know

0:02:18.200 --> 0:02:18.920
<v Speaker 2>this and more.

0:02:19.200 --> 0:02:23.919
<v Speaker 1>Okay, if you're if you're a physicist whose specialty is the.

0:02:24.240 --> 0:02:27.000
<v Speaker 2>Electromagnetic cracking their knuckles right now and listening to.

0:02:27.040 --> 0:02:30.440
<v Speaker 1>It right then. Yes, we're gonna mess things up, it's true.

0:02:30.480 --> 0:02:34.480
<v Speaker 1>But we have a general, good, well, i'd say, fairly

0:02:34.560 --> 0:02:39.720
<v Speaker 1>detailed idea of why magnets exist. That's right, and we're

0:02:39.720 --> 0:02:42.320
<v Speaker 1>gonna explain that to everybody. It's all because but nice,

0:02:42.680 --> 0:02:47.400
<v Speaker 1>not in any way, shape or form in a condescending manner. No, no, no, no,

0:02:47.440 --> 0:02:50.200
<v Speaker 1>because all we do is research thems. Right, It's not

0:02:50.320 --> 0:02:54.680
<v Speaker 1>like we're making magnets here. No, we're just talking about them.

0:02:54.760 --> 0:02:57.360
<v Speaker 2>You know, they discovered these in Magnesia in Greece. Did

0:02:57.400 --> 0:03:03.920
<v Speaker 2>you know that what magnets like? Natural magnets? Yeah, like loadstone, Yeah,

0:03:04.280 --> 0:03:05.400
<v Speaker 2>in Magnesia increase.

0:03:06.040 --> 0:03:10.760
<v Speaker 1>Is that really a place, yeah, Magnesia. Absolutely, you're not

0:03:10.800 --> 0:03:14.240
<v Speaker 1>pulling my leg, nope, okay, but it was loadstone, a

0:03:14.240 --> 0:03:17.200
<v Speaker 1>type of magnetite. Yeah, it was magnetite, because that's the

0:03:17.240 --> 0:03:22.320
<v Speaker 1>strongest naturally occurring magnet, right, Like you can attract a

0:03:22.320 --> 0:03:23.640
<v Speaker 1>paper clip just with this rock.

0:03:24.040 --> 0:03:24.760
<v Speaker 2>That's pretty cool.

0:03:24.960 --> 0:03:27.720
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. It is even cooler though, are the ones that

0:03:27.960 --> 0:03:31.880
<v Speaker 1>humans have conquered and mastered and own. That's right, because

0:03:31.919 --> 0:03:33.960
<v Speaker 1>all the magnets you come in contact with on a

0:03:34.240 --> 0:03:39.520
<v Speaker 1>daily basis, maybe a weekly basis have been manipulated by humanity.

0:03:39.680 --> 0:03:41.680
<v Speaker 2>See, I never come into contact with magnets.

0:03:42.320 --> 0:03:45.560
<v Speaker 1>You know something, it's hard to find a decent magnet

0:03:45.600 --> 0:03:47.800
<v Speaker 1>these days in an average store, Like you have to

0:03:47.840 --> 0:03:48.960
<v Speaker 1>like mail off for them.

0:03:49.040 --> 0:03:52.840
<v Speaker 2>Oh yeah, yeah. And I don't have refrigerator magnets because

0:03:53.440 --> 0:03:56.800
<v Speaker 2>you know, the stainless steel fridges, you can't put a

0:03:56.840 --> 0:03:57.560
<v Speaker 2>magnet on them.

0:03:57.600 --> 0:03:58.520
<v Speaker 1>This is so weird.

0:03:58.720 --> 0:04:00.480
<v Speaker 2>You can put it on the side. So we have

0:04:00.600 --> 0:04:02.520
<v Speaker 2>a few, you know, you get magnets over the court

0:04:02.560 --> 0:04:05.400
<v Speaker 2>of your life, whether it's like the pizza delivery guy

0:04:05.520 --> 0:04:06.960
<v Speaker 2>has a like we have one in the shape of

0:04:07.000 --> 0:04:09.520
<v Speaker 2>a pizza slice with their number on it, you do,

0:04:10.080 --> 0:04:12.840
<v Speaker 2>and that's on the side, and like our vet, like

0:04:13.040 --> 0:04:14.520
<v Speaker 2>we have a vet magnet.

0:04:14.240 --> 0:04:16.560
<v Speaker 1>In this shape of a pizza slice.

0:04:17.120 --> 0:04:22.000
<v Speaker 2>And then like in a random random people have given

0:04:22.080 --> 0:04:24.000
<v Speaker 2>me magnets here and there, which I'll throw up there

0:04:24.040 --> 0:04:24.480
<v Speaker 2>on the side.

0:04:24.560 --> 0:04:27.080
<v Speaker 1>That's good. Those are nice mementos. You meant one of

0:04:27.680 --> 0:04:31.720
<v Speaker 1>times you did. Yeah, that's nice. That's great, Chuck.

0:04:32.040 --> 0:04:33.760
<v Speaker 2>So anyway, I don't have a lot of magnets or

0:04:33.839 --> 0:04:36.800
<v Speaker 2>experience with magnets, but I understand them now.

0:04:36.720 --> 0:04:38.840
<v Speaker 1>Now that you say that. I realized that I have

0:04:39.080 --> 0:04:42.560
<v Speaker 1>more experience than I realized with magnets, because we really

0:04:42.560 --> 0:04:44.400
<v Speaker 1>you mean, and I do have a pretty good magnet collection.

0:04:44.440 --> 0:04:48.680
<v Speaker 1>Well there you go on our fridge. But yeah, it is.

0:04:49.480 --> 0:04:51.800
<v Speaker 1>It always struck me as weird that like stainless steel,

0:04:52.600 --> 0:04:55.720
<v Speaker 1>wouldn't you couldn't put a magnet on that. Yeah, now

0:04:55.720 --> 0:04:59.440
<v Speaker 1>I understand why stainless steel is not a ferross metal.

0:04:59.560 --> 0:04:59.960
<v Speaker 2>That's right.

0:05:00.760 --> 0:05:06.440
<v Speaker 1>You have to have a fairist metal, like something say iron, nickel, cobalt, aluminum,

0:05:06.480 --> 0:05:10.080
<v Speaker 1>even Oh really, I think so, because there's a type

0:05:10.080 --> 0:05:15.839
<v Speaker 1>of magnet called the al Niko magnet, and that's aluminum, nickel,

0:05:15.920 --> 0:05:16.960
<v Speaker 1>cobalt alloy.

0:05:17.279 --> 0:05:19.919
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, if you've got a really good guitar amp, you

0:05:19.960 --> 0:05:23.479
<v Speaker 2>might have an al Nico speaker, is that right? Yeah?

0:05:22.760 --> 0:05:26.920
<v Speaker 2>They're pricey. Oh yeah, I can imagine, like you can

0:05:26.920 --> 0:05:28.960
<v Speaker 2>buy the speaker separately and like switch it out in

0:05:28.960 --> 0:05:30.520
<v Speaker 2>your amp to make your amp some better, which I

0:05:30.680 --> 0:05:32.480
<v Speaker 2>have been meaning to do for years. But they're just

0:05:32.560 --> 0:05:34.240
<v Speaker 2>kind of pricey. It's like four hundred bucks just for

0:05:34.279 --> 0:05:34.719
<v Speaker 2>the speaker.

0:05:34.960 --> 0:05:35.960
<v Speaker 1>But how's this sound?

0:05:36.520 --> 0:05:41.080
<v Speaker 2>Well, I'm told it's great. But music guys here much

0:05:41.120 --> 0:05:44.560
<v Speaker 2>more than I do, like real, real music guys. They're like,

0:05:44.560 --> 0:05:46.400
<v Speaker 2>can't you hear the difference? And I'll be like, eh,

0:05:46.600 --> 0:05:47.040
<v Speaker 2>sort of.

0:05:47.400 --> 0:05:50.000
<v Speaker 1>Are these music guys also al Nico speaker salesman?

0:05:50.160 --> 0:05:50.360
<v Speaker 2>Yeah?

0:05:50.400 --> 0:05:53.159
<v Speaker 1>Probably so all right, so let's get so, this is

0:05:53.200 --> 0:05:55.960
<v Speaker 1>what I like about this article. It goes like basic

0:05:56.400 --> 0:05:59.599
<v Speaker 1>too specific. Yes, and you can start with the basics

0:05:59.600 --> 0:06:02.239
<v Speaker 1>about my magnets. They attract specific metals, as we said,

0:06:02.440 --> 0:06:07.000
<v Speaker 1>typically fairest metals. Yes, they have a north and south pole.

0:06:07.120 --> 0:06:10.800
<v Speaker 1>All magnets do. There's no north and east polled magnet.

0:06:10.880 --> 0:06:12.720
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, and the Earth is the biggest magnet of all.

0:06:12.760 --> 0:06:16.760
<v Speaker 1>I guess it is, at least on Earth. Opposite poles

0:06:16.760 --> 0:06:20.799
<v Speaker 1>attract one another like poles repel one another. They hate

0:06:20.839 --> 0:06:21.320
<v Speaker 1>each other.

0:06:21.400 --> 0:06:21.880
<v Speaker 2>That's right.

0:06:22.800 --> 0:06:25.680
<v Speaker 1>Magnetic and electrical fields are related. And we're going to

0:06:25.720 --> 0:06:30.280
<v Speaker 1>explain why I'm so excited in magnetism. I think I

0:06:30.279 --> 0:06:33.760
<v Speaker 1>said electromagnetism earlier. So you can put your email away

0:06:33.839 --> 0:06:36.400
<v Speaker 1>because I'm correct in myself. Yes, is one of the

0:06:36.520 --> 0:06:39.360
<v Speaker 1>four fundamental forces of the universe. Right, that's right, with

0:06:39.640 --> 0:06:42.920
<v Speaker 1>gravity and the strong and weak nuclear forces. That's right,

0:06:44.000 --> 0:06:44.880
<v Speaker 1>that's magnets.

0:06:44.920 --> 0:06:48.960
<v Speaker 2>That's a great intro magnets. The object itself, or a

0:06:49.040 --> 0:06:52.719
<v Speaker 2>magnet is an object in itself that produces a magnetic

0:06:52.760 --> 0:06:56.479
<v Speaker 2>field and it's going to attract like you said, ferris metals, yep.

0:06:56.920 --> 0:07:02.320
<v Speaker 2>And there can be permanent magnets aka hard magnets, and

0:07:02.400 --> 0:07:05.520
<v Speaker 2>they always have a magnetic field going. And then you

0:07:05.600 --> 0:07:09.960
<v Speaker 2>have the temporary magnets aka soft magnets, and they just

0:07:10.040 --> 0:07:12.160
<v Speaker 2>produce a magnetic field when they're in the presence of

0:07:13.800 --> 0:07:16.160
<v Speaker 2>or when they're in the presence of a magnetic field

0:07:16.200 --> 0:07:17.920
<v Speaker 2>and only for a short time and then for a

0:07:17.920 --> 0:07:20.800
<v Speaker 2>little bit thereafter, right like once it's gone once.

0:07:20.920 --> 0:07:23.920
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. And then electromagnets, when you apply an electrical current

0:07:23.920 --> 0:07:25.640
<v Speaker 1>to some magnets, they become magnetic.

0:07:25.800 --> 0:07:26.320
<v Speaker 2>That's right.

0:07:26.360 --> 0:07:28.040
<v Speaker 1>And if you have a doorbell, you probably have an

0:07:28.040 --> 0:07:31.920
<v Speaker 1>electromagnet in your house. Yeah, the doorbell, Yeah, I looked

0:07:31.920 --> 0:07:34.480
<v Speaker 1>it up. It's it's more complicated than you would think.

0:07:34.720 --> 0:07:35.520
<v Speaker 2>Oh yeah, I don't know.

0:07:35.560 --> 0:07:38.920
<v Speaker 1>It's like a it's like a Rube Goldberg esque contraption

0:07:40.160 --> 0:07:43.960
<v Speaker 1>that that is apparently pretty standard and uses electromagnets. It's

0:07:43.960 --> 0:07:45.800
<v Speaker 1>neat and actually, if you're interested in that, there's an

0:07:45.880 --> 0:07:48.440
<v Speaker 1>article how doorbells work on howstuff Works dot com.

0:07:48.600 --> 0:07:50.960
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, isn't it weird that a door or maybe it's

0:07:51.000 --> 0:07:53.880
<v Speaker 2>just me as a misin throat, but like the sound

0:07:53.960 --> 0:07:55.880
<v Speaker 2>of a doorbell now is not like oh, I wonder

0:07:55.880 --> 0:07:58.800
<v Speaker 2>who's here? It's a crap who's here? Right, because no

0:07:58.840 --> 0:07:59.560
<v Speaker 2>one just drops by.

0:07:59.520 --> 0:08:03.000
<v Speaker 1>Anymore, either that or like they know yeah yeah, yeah,

0:08:03.720 --> 0:08:08.400
<v Speaker 1>so chuck. The magnets that you typically have, like your

0:08:08.520 --> 0:08:12.760
<v Speaker 1>pizza Pizza boy magnet or like the circle ones are

0:08:12.800 --> 0:08:16.280
<v Speaker 1>probably the best example. Just a ring, that magnetic ring

0:08:16.720 --> 0:08:19.240
<v Speaker 1>that you see, yeah and grew up with. Those are

0:08:19.280 --> 0:08:23.640
<v Speaker 1>a specific type and they're called ceramic magnets, and they're

0:08:23.680 --> 0:08:27.400
<v Speaker 1>probably the weakest magnets commercially available, except for the pizza

0:08:27.440 --> 0:08:32.280
<v Speaker 1>slice ones, right, because that's almost like a sticker.

0:08:32.559 --> 0:08:35.240
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I mean it's connected to or it's got a

0:08:36.600 --> 0:08:39.280
<v Speaker 2>you know, a topper on it, right with printing, Yeah,

0:08:39.320 --> 0:08:39.800
<v Speaker 2>a topper.

0:08:40.440 --> 0:08:44.720
<v Speaker 1>That's that's the find the top for the pizza slice tougher.

0:08:45.600 --> 0:08:49.360
<v Speaker 1>But with a ceramic magnet, it's it's magnetic material mixed

0:08:49.360 --> 0:08:54.000
<v Speaker 1>with ceramics and it kind of cuts it and it

0:08:54.080 --> 0:08:55.200
<v Speaker 1>makes it a little weak.

0:08:55.559 --> 0:08:57.160
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, but good enough to stick on a fridge, which

0:08:57.160 --> 0:08:57.920
<v Speaker 2>is all you're looking for.

0:08:58.240 --> 0:08:59.960
<v Speaker 1>And it's cheap very cheap.

0:09:00.559 --> 0:09:03.480
<v Speaker 2>You already mentioned the Alnico magnets, which are more expensive

0:09:04.080 --> 0:09:07.040
<v Speaker 2>and like you said, aluminum, nickel, and cobalt, and they

0:09:07.080 --> 0:09:10.839
<v Speaker 2>are stronger than ceramic obviously, but not as strong as

0:09:10.920 --> 0:09:16.360
<v Speaker 2>the ones we're about to talk about, like neodymium magnets, yeah,

0:09:16.720 --> 0:09:20.599
<v Speaker 2>or Samarium Samarium.

0:09:21.160 --> 0:09:27.400
<v Speaker 1>You've gotta be kidding Samarium, Okay, Samarium. Both of those

0:09:27.679 --> 0:09:32.320
<v Speaker 1>magnets incorporate rare earth metals, yeah, which are extremely magnetic,

0:09:32.960 --> 0:09:36.640
<v Speaker 1>or when combining an alloy can be magnetic.

0:09:36.160 --> 0:09:38.680
<v Speaker 2>That's true. And now they even have and this is

0:09:38.679 --> 0:09:42.559
<v Speaker 2>something I never knew, They have plastic magnets called magnetic polymers,

0:09:43.760 --> 0:09:45.880
<v Speaker 2>and I guess those are used in just very certain

0:09:45.920 --> 0:09:48.880
<v Speaker 2>applications like cold tempature applications.

0:09:49.040 --> 0:09:53.720
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, or maybe that's what's on your pizza slice magnet or.

0:09:53.679 --> 0:09:56.720
<v Speaker 2>It says they pick up very only very lightweight things

0:09:56.760 --> 0:09:58.440
<v Speaker 2>like iron filling. So I wonder if that's what you

0:09:58.559 --> 0:10:03.480
<v Speaker 2>use with like your You remember the little little toy

0:10:03.559 --> 0:10:06.680
<v Speaker 2>kids thing where you could had a guy's face and

0:10:06.960 --> 0:10:08.840
<v Speaker 2>had the little iron fillings and you can move it

0:10:08.880 --> 0:10:11.600
<v Speaker 2>around and make a beard or a mustache or whatever.

0:10:11.679 --> 0:10:13.240
<v Speaker 1>Sure, I bet that's what that is. What was that

0:10:13.360 --> 0:10:17.120
<v Speaker 1>called I don't know, old timey toy number two seventy three.

0:10:17.040 --> 0:10:19.760
<v Speaker 2>Not a etch a sketch, not a hugo, something like that.

0:10:19.840 --> 0:10:22.400
<v Speaker 1>And why was it that anybody who had a beard

0:10:22.800 --> 0:10:25.760
<v Speaker 1>from the nineteen forties to the nineteen sixties, any child's

0:10:25.760 --> 0:10:30.160
<v Speaker 1>toy was like the most disturbing looking creature you could

0:10:30.200 --> 0:10:33.160
<v Speaker 1>come up with. You think, Oh, yeah, have you ever

0:10:33.200 --> 0:10:35.959
<v Speaker 1>heard of rushed in dolls? No, they had. They were

0:10:36.000 --> 0:10:38.440
<v Speaker 1>this very successful toy company, and they came out with

0:10:38.480 --> 0:10:41.240
<v Speaker 1>a line of hobo dolls that were like the scariest

0:10:41.240 --> 0:10:43.679
<v Speaker 1>things you've ever seen in your life. Of course, like

0:10:43.720 --> 0:10:46.440
<v Speaker 1>they were meant to damage children obviously.

0:10:46.240 --> 0:10:50.079
<v Speaker 2>Oh, keep them from hopping trains, probably, I guess you know, yeah,

0:10:50.720 --> 0:10:53.520
<v Speaker 2>play with it at home out on the road, yeah, if.

0:10:53.360 --> 0:10:54.280
<v Speaker 1>You hop trains.

0:10:54.320 --> 0:10:54.760
<v Speaker 2>Interesting.

0:11:14.240 --> 0:11:16.280
<v Speaker 1>Let's see, Oh, I made a blog post actually called

0:11:16.320 --> 0:11:19.560
<v Speaker 1>twenty seven of the most unintentionally terrifying dolls You've ever

0:11:19.600 --> 0:11:20.600
<v Speaker 1>seen or ever created.

0:11:20.760 --> 0:11:22.440
<v Speaker 2>That's like almost every doll in my opinion.

0:11:22.520 --> 0:11:24.040
<v Speaker 1>You should see the slide to It's pretty good.

0:11:24.120 --> 0:11:24.760
<v Speaker 2>I'll check it out.

0:11:25.320 --> 0:11:27.679
<v Speaker 1>Okay, So let's talk about making magnets chuckers.

0:11:27.960 --> 0:11:31.679
<v Speaker 2>All right, Well, you talked about loadstone form of magnetite,

0:11:31.679 --> 0:11:35.720
<v Speaker 2>and that is, you know, the natural, strongest natural magnet, right.

0:11:35.640 --> 0:11:38.560
<v Speaker 1>You don't have to do anything no to it. So

0:11:39.000 --> 0:11:41.120
<v Speaker 1>I guess the discovery of loadstone and the fact that

0:11:41.160 --> 0:11:44.199
<v Speaker 1>it attracted metals made people start to tinker around with it.

0:11:44.640 --> 0:11:48.480
<v Speaker 1>And I guess around the twelfth century people figured out

0:11:48.520 --> 0:11:51.240
<v Speaker 1>that if you took a little iron pin and you

0:11:51.280 --> 0:11:54.280
<v Speaker 1>took some loadstone and you petted it in the same direction,

0:11:55.559 --> 0:12:00.800
<v Speaker 1>preferably in a north northern direction, like, you could magnetize

0:12:00.840 --> 0:12:03.560
<v Speaker 1>that iron filling and if you suspended it in something

0:12:03.679 --> 0:12:06.319
<v Speaker 1>like water in a leaf. For anyone who's seen that

0:12:06.400 --> 0:12:14.480
<v Speaker 1>movie with Alec Baldwin and Anthony Hopkins, The Edge, Oh yeah, yeah,

0:12:14.559 --> 0:12:17.000
<v Speaker 1>they magnetize like a needle and put it in like

0:12:17.280 --> 0:12:19.880
<v Speaker 1>a water filled leaf in it they figure out which

0:12:19.880 --> 0:12:20.560
<v Speaker 1>way's north through.

0:12:20.520 --> 0:12:21.760
<v Speaker 2>I knew I had seen that before.

0:12:21.880 --> 0:12:27.760
<v Speaker 1>So that's basically magnetizing a pin using loadstone. That's how

0:12:27.800 --> 0:12:29.319
<v Speaker 1>the earliest compasses were made.

0:12:29.640 --> 0:12:31.840
<v Speaker 2>Very cool. Yeah, So what's going on here, and this

0:12:31.920 --> 0:12:34.360
<v Speaker 2>is sort of the basis, and we'll break it down

0:12:34.360 --> 0:12:37.120
<v Speaker 2>to it, like you said, a more molecular level. Yeah,

0:12:37.160 --> 0:12:39.760
<v Speaker 2>but what's going on here is something known as a

0:12:39.800 --> 0:12:43.480
<v Speaker 2>region called a magnetic domain, and it is actually part

0:12:43.520 --> 0:12:48.240
<v Speaker 2>of the physical structure of any ferromagnetic material. So we're

0:12:48.240 --> 0:12:52.960
<v Speaker 2>talking again iron, cobalt, and nickel largely, and each one

0:12:53.160 --> 0:12:56.319
<v Speaker 2>is like its own tiny little magnet right there. It's

0:12:56.360 --> 0:12:58.600
<v Speaker 2>got its own little north pole, its own little south pole,

0:12:59.320 --> 0:13:04.480
<v Speaker 2>and they if it's unmagnetized, then this stuff is just

0:13:04.520 --> 0:13:06.880
<v Speaker 2>going to be random and pointing in all different directions.

0:13:06.960 --> 0:13:09.360
<v Speaker 1>Right. The domain has its own north and south pole,

0:13:09.400 --> 0:13:12.160
<v Speaker 1>but it's not necessarily aligned with the north and south

0:13:12.160 --> 0:13:12.800
<v Speaker 1>pole on Earth.

0:13:12.880 --> 0:13:15.480
<v Speaker 2>Right, they're just kind of a skew if it's magnetized,

0:13:15.640 --> 0:13:17.360
<v Speaker 2>all pointing in the same direction.

0:13:17.480 --> 0:13:20.520
<v Speaker 1>Right, Yes, that's pretty much all you have to do

0:13:20.600 --> 0:13:24.320
<v Speaker 1>is figure out how to get all of those magnetic

0:13:24.360 --> 0:13:27.559
<v Speaker 1>domains to align in the same north south line.

0:13:27.600 --> 0:13:29.480
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, because if they're not, they're just canceling each other

0:13:29.520 --> 0:13:30.640
<v Speaker 2>out exactly.

0:13:31.040 --> 0:13:34.360
<v Speaker 1>So the more domains that you have pointing in the

0:13:34.360 --> 0:13:40.120
<v Speaker 1>same direction, the more powerful magnet you have. And in

0:13:40.160 --> 0:13:42.160
<v Speaker 1>each of these little domains you can just kind of

0:13:42.200 --> 0:13:43.960
<v Speaker 1>I almost see it as like a little pocket in

0:13:44.000 --> 0:13:50.840
<v Speaker 1>the molecular makeup of this, Like an iron the north

0:13:51.000 --> 0:13:53.720
<v Speaker 1>pole of one domain flows into the south pole of

0:13:53.760 --> 0:13:54.800
<v Speaker 1>the domain in front of it.

0:13:54.880 --> 0:13:55.240
<v Speaker 2>That's right.

0:13:55.280 --> 0:13:57.520
<v Speaker 1>If they're all aligned and you add a bunch of

0:13:57.559 --> 0:14:01.319
<v Speaker 1>these up, they produce one large field for the magnet

0:14:01.360 --> 0:14:01.880
<v Speaker 1>as a whole.

0:14:02.040 --> 0:14:04.640
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, right, yeah, which explains why if you you know,

0:14:05.160 --> 0:14:06.920
<v Speaker 2>if you do the old trick in elementary school, where

0:14:06.920 --> 0:14:09.240
<v Speaker 2>you bring one magnet close to the other one, it'll

0:14:09.280 --> 0:14:12.160
<v Speaker 2>either repel it or you know, snap it together like

0:14:12.280 --> 0:14:13.440
<v Speaker 2>one larger magnet.

0:14:13.559 --> 0:14:17.520
<v Speaker 1>Right, because the force, this magnetic force is going into

0:14:17.760 --> 0:14:20.680
<v Speaker 1>out of the north pole of the magnet and into

0:14:20.800 --> 0:14:22.760
<v Speaker 1>the south pole of the magnet in front of it.

0:14:22.880 --> 0:14:24.880
<v Speaker 2>Something very dirty about that, it is, right.

0:14:26.040 --> 0:14:28.560
<v Speaker 1>Or if you take the north pole of one magnet

0:14:28.640 --> 0:14:30.440
<v Speaker 1>north pole of another magnet, you put them together, they

0:14:30.440 --> 0:14:33.960
<v Speaker 1>repello another because their magnetic forces are flowing in opposite

0:14:33.960 --> 0:14:37.160
<v Speaker 1>directions and pushing one another apart. Which is kind of

0:14:37.160 --> 0:14:40.120
<v Speaker 1>funny because this is how magnets work. But it bears

0:14:40.120 --> 0:14:42.680
<v Speaker 1>such a striking resemblance to like something they would have

0:14:42.680 --> 0:14:45.040
<v Speaker 1>come up with in the fifteenth century, like yeah, the

0:14:45.840 --> 0:14:47.600
<v Speaker 1>force flowing out.

0:14:47.680 --> 0:14:49.880
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, this invisible force, right, Yeah.

0:14:49.600 --> 0:14:53.160
<v Speaker 1>It's witchery. And this is why magnets won't be brought together.

0:14:52.960 --> 0:14:54.880
<v Speaker 2>Like people would come and drag us out of here

0:14:54.880 --> 0:14:56.080
<v Speaker 2>and toss us in a lake to see if we

0:14:56.160 --> 0:14:59.520
<v Speaker 2>float a perfect So we could stop there and you

0:14:59.520 --> 0:15:03.080
<v Speaker 2>would have a pretty good idea of things, but we won't. No,

0:15:03.320 --> 0:15:04.080
<v Speaker 2>we'll continue on.

0:15:04.560 --> 0:15:07.280
<v Speaker 1>Okay, we'll go a little a little more in detail.

0:15:07.360 --> 0:15:10.040
<v Speaker 2>Huh, that's right. If you want to make a magnet,

0:15:09.680 --> 0:15:13.800
<v Speaker 2>you have to get all these magnetic domains flowing in

0:15:13.840 --> 0:15:16.080
<v Speaker 2>the same direction, just like we were talking about earlier.

0:15:16.080 --> 0:15:19.000
<v Speaker 2>When you rub the needle on the magnet, you expose

0:15:19.040 --> 0:15:21.280
<v Speaker 2>it to this magnetic field and we're get in these

0:15:21.280 --> 0:15:24.240
<v Speaker 2>suckers to align in the same way and then boom.

0:15:24.560 --> 0:15:26.200
<v Speaker 2>That is one way that you can get a.

0:15:26.120 --> 0:15:29.080
<v Speaker 1>Magnet, right, and there's different ways of doing this. You

0:15:29.240 --> 0:15:31.680
<v Speaker 1>place it in a magnetic field in the north south direction.

0:15:32.240 --> 0:15:34.320
<v Speaker 1>You can hold it in north south direction and hit

0:15:34.360 --> 0:15:35.000
<v Speaker 1>it at the hammer.

0:15:35.080 --> 0:15:35.920
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, that's crazy.

0:15:36.720 --> 0:15:39.240
<v Speaker 1>It is a little crazy, like you're physically jarring these

0:15:39.280 --> 0:15:42.920
<v Speaker 1>domains into alignments. They're like, huh, yeah, okay, I'll point

0:15:42.960 --> 0:15:46.040
<v Speaker 1>this way then, or you can pass an electrical current

0:15:46.080 --> 0:15:46.400
<v Speaker 1>through it.

0:15:46.560 --> 0:15:47.360
<v Speaker 2>That's kind of a cheat.

0:15:47.480 --> 0:15:50.920
<v Speaker 1>And they think that this is where loadstone came from.

0:15:50.960 --> 0:15:57.080
<v Speaker 1>Either it was when this rock formed, the magnetite formed

0:15:58.040 --> 0:16:02.480
<v Speaker 1>from a lava. It was aligned with the north south

0:16:02.520 --> 0:16:06.400
<v Speaker 1>pole of the Earth, so it became magnetized. Yeah, or

0:16:06.520 --> 0:16:08.680
<v Speaker 1>it was struck by lightning, so an electrical current path

0:16:08.760 --> 0:16:11.000
<v Speaker 1>through it, that'd be pretty cool, and it became magnetized

0:16:11.000 --> 0:16:14.320
<v Speaker 1>as a result, And that seems likely, right, But today

0:16:14.400 --> 0:16:17.240
<v Speaker 1>the most common method of making magnets is to place

0:16:17.240 --> 0:16:20.520
<v Speaker 1>them in a very strong magnetic field. Yeah and baa

0:16:20.520 --> 0:16:23.560
<v Speaker 1>boom bata bing their domains start to wind up.

0:16:23.640 --> 0:16:25.720
<v Speaker 2>But yeah, there's gonna be a little delay though. Yeah,

0:16:25.760 --> 0:16:28.440
<v Speaker 2>and I saw this like on a on a YouTube

0:16:28.680 --> 0:16:30.240
<v Speaker 2>video of this guy. There's a really good one. I

0:16:30.240 --> 0:16:31.840
<v Speaker 2>can't remember what it was called where the guy broke

0:16:31.880 --> 0:16:34.280
<v Speaker 2>it down. I always whenever it's stuff I don't understand,

0:16:34.800 --> 0:16:38.200
<v Speaker 2>I always type kid science and then then I look

0:16:38.240 --> 0:16:40.280
<v Speaker 2>and see what videos are availab Yeah, yeah, no, it's good.

0:16:40.280 --> 0:16:43.240
<v Speaker 2>It really helps out. Yeah, but there will be a

0:16:43.280 --> 0:16:49.680
<v Speaker 2>delay and called hysteresis or hysteresis, and uh, that's basically

0:16:49.720 --> 0:16:52.720
<v Speaker 2>just the time it takes for these for the field

0:16:52.720 --> 0:16:55.280
<v Speaker 2>to change direction and I'll align itself.

0:16:55.040 --> 0:16:58.320
<v Speaker 1>Right, because when you get these domains going, the ones

0:16:58.360 --> 0:17:03.280
<v Speaker 1>that aren't already lined up on a north south pole, Yeah,

0:17:03.640 --> 0:17:06.280
<v Speaker 1>they just rotate around and do a little crazy spinning

0:17:06.400 --> 0:17:08.919
<v Speaker 1>until they land on it, right, And the ones that

0:17:09.000 --> 0:17:13.200
<v Speaker 1>are already aligned north south are they grow.

0:17:13.040 --> 0:17:14.960
<v Speaker 2>Bigger, Yeah, become more robust, I guess.

0:17:15.040 --> 0:17:17.520
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. And as a result other ones, the walls between

0:17:17.880 --> 0:17:24.200
<v Speaker 1>smaller domains will shrink, and so you have large north

0:17:24.240 --> 0:17:27.000
<v Speaker 1>south domains and then even the smaller ones are now

0:17:27.040 --> 0:17:31.560
<v Speaker 1>probably polarized along that north south line. Yeah, and you

0:17:31.600 --> 0:17:32.880
<v Speaker 1>have just created a magnet.

0:17:33.040 --> 0:17:34.679
<v Speaker 2>Yeah. And here's what I think was one of the

0:17:34.720 --> 0:17:38.479
<v Speaker 2>really cooler aspects of this is how strong your magnet

0:17:38.600 --> 0:17:41.480
<v Speaker 2>is depends on how hard it was to get these

0:17:41.480 --> 0:17:42.920
<v Speaker 2>domains to move in that direction.

0:17:43.200 --> 0:17:43.640
<v Speaker 1>Yeah.

0:17:43.680 --> 0:17:47.880
<v Speaker 2>And the harder it is, the longer it will stay magnetized,

0:17:48.119 --> 0:17:51.080
<v Speaker 2>which sort of makes sense. It's almost like that it

0:17:51.200 --> 0:17:53.840
<v Speaker 2>was so stubborn to get going, but then once you

0:17:53.960 --> 0:17:55.800
<v Speaker 2>got it going in the right direction, it was then

0:17:55.840 --> 0:17:58.520
<v Speaker 2>stubborn undoing it at that action.

0:17:58.560 --> 0:18:01.720
<v Speaker 1>Right, which kind of makes you wonder like if over

0:18:02.000 --> 0:18:05.960
<v Speaker 1>enough of a time span, well, any magnetized material eventually

0:18:06.040 --> 0:18:10.360
<v Speaker 1>lose its magnetism, oh, just left alone. Yeah, huh, that's

0:18:10.359 --> 0:18:12.800
<v Speaker 1>a good question. Uh. There are things you can do

0:18:12.840 --> 0:18:15.920
<v Speaker 1>to demagnetize things. You could take a magnet and put

0:18:15.920 --> 0:18:19.479
<v Speaker 1>it in a magnetic field that's polarized the opposite direction.

0:18:19.640 --> 0:18:20.560
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, it's kind of mean.

0:18:20.960 --> 0:18:24.359
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, you can. You can boil it alive, which is

0:18:24.359 --> 0:18:27.120
<v Speaker 1>also very mean, and heat it to the point where

0:18:27.119 --> 0:18:28.440
<v Speaker 1>it loses its magnetism.

0:18:28.720 --> 0:18:31.439
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, the curey point. The guy in the video tested this.

0:18:31.560 --> 0:18:34.959
<v Speaker 2>He had a paper clip on a string tied to

0:18:35.240 --> 0:18:37.880
<v Speaker 2>the table and then the magnet was like a foot off,

0:18:37.920 --> 0:18:40.800
<v Speaker 2>so it was just like throwing and then he took

0:18:40.840 --> 0:18:45.160
<v Speaker 2>a is it a Jerry Lewis? Then he said, Dan,

0:18:45.320 --> 0:18:48.600
<v Speaker 2>bring me a lighter, and he got a lighter and

0:18:49.080 --> 0:18:51.240
<v Speaker 2>heat it up the paper clip and then you see

0:18:51.240 --> 0:18:54.040
<v Speaker 2>it start to shake and then eventually it just poop fell.

0:18:55.040 --> 0:18:56.600
<v Speaker 1>That is a weird story.

0:18:56.560 --> 0:19:00.080
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, he demagnetized it. Yeah he did using the cure.

0:19:02.160 --> 0:19:05.560
<v Speaker 1>So okay, again we could stop here. I think everybody

0:19:05.640 --> 0:19:09.879
<v Speaker 1>understands how magnets work, right, Like, there's little magnetic domains

0:19:09.920 --> 0:19:13.160
<v Speaker 1>that are in all kinds of crazy directions and then

0:19:13.200 --> 0:19:15.800
<v Speaker 1>when you expose them to a magnetic field, they line

0:19:15.840 --> 0:19:19.080
<v Speaker 1>up together and they produce their own magnetic field around

0:19:19.119 --> 0:19:22.199
<v Speaker 1>that magnetic material and then there you go. It flows

0:19:22.600 --> 0:19:26.880
<v Speaker 1>out of the north and into the south. Magnets, right, I.

0:19:26.800 --> 0:19:29.080
<v Speaker 2>Would like to see a survey. Wish you could take

0:19:29.080 --> 0:19:31.800
<v Speaker 2>an instant survey of people that you know, half of

0:19:31.840 --> 0:19:34.919
<v Speaker 2>them are going go, go go, and half of them

0:19:34.960 --> 0:19:37.639
<v Speaker 2>are like, I'm good. Right, that's all I need to

0:19:37.680 --> 0:19:39.360
<v Speaker 2>know about magnets, right, you.

0:19:39.359 --> 0:19:42.720
<v Speaker 1>Know, I think our listeners are pretty curious folk.

0:19:43.040 --> 0:19:47.000
<v Speaker 2>Okay, so we're going deeper in Tracy Wilson, who are

0:19:47.160 --> 0:19:51.760
<v Speaker 2>site manager here of stuff you miss in history class? Now, Yeah,

0:19:51.840 --> 0:19:54.440
<v Speaker 2>she wrote this one, and she's so thorough. She has

0:19:54.480 --> 0:19:58.800
<v Speaker 2>a very nice little pun in this section called shipping magnets.

0:19:59.080 --> 0:20:02.159
<v Speaker 2>Get it, oh, shipping magnet.

0:20:02.280 --> 0:20:04.359
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I got it now, I didn't notice that before.

0:20:04.480 --> 0:20:06.680
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, it's a pun. What she's talking about in this

0:20:06.720 --> 0:20:10.600
<v Speaker 2>section though, is interesting in that very large magnets present

0:20:10.600 --> 0:20:13.159
<v Speaker 2>a lot of problems because they're super strong and you

0:20:13.160 --> 0:20:15.960
<v Speaker 2>can't just throw it on a truck and you know,

0:20:16.080 --> 0:20:18.880
<v Speaker 2>drive it across country. You know, it'll disrupt everything. Yeah,

0:20:18.920 --> 0:20:24.320
<v Speaker 2>so very specific precautions have to be taken when delivering

0:20:24.560 --> 0:20:29.679
<v Speaker 2>large magnets use for certain like industrial applications, one of

0:20:29.720 --> 0:20:33.159
<v Speaker 2>which is they have machines that because it'll pick up

0:20:33.240 --> 0:20:35.800
<v Speaker 2>all this ferrost material along the way, right, they have

0:20:35.840 --> 0:20:38.240
<v Speaker 2>machines when they get there to remove all that stuff.

0:20:38.320 --> 0:20:40.199
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, and I mean imagine if you're shipping it in

0:20:40.320 --> 0:20:43.080
<v Speaker 1>like a truck, and the truck is made of or

0:20:43.200 --> 0:20:45.959
<v Speaker 1>has some sort of iron alloy in it, Yeah, and

0:20:46.000 --> 0:20:48.600
<v Speaker 1>you have a huge industrial magnet. How are you going

0:20:48.640 --> 0:20:51.520
<v Speaker 1>to get that off of the truck? You're not exactly,

0:20:51.640 --> 0:20:55.560
<v Speaker 1>So they magnetize these materials on site typically, right, Oh,

0:20:55.600 --> 0:20:57.600
<v Speaker 1>is that what they do? That's what I understand, or

0:20:57.640 --> 0:21:01.280
<v Speaker 1>else they just rely almost exclusively on electromagnets, which become

0:21:01.320 --> 0:21:02.960
<v Speaker 1>magnetic when you pass it current through.

0:21:02.960 --> 0:21:05.960
<v Speaker 2>Other you can say, manpower, right, give me those ten.

0:21:06.080 --> 0:21:09.359
<v Speaker 1>American ingenuity, that's how you do it.

0:21:09.359 --> 0:21:13.919
<v Speaker 2>It stuck, sir. Right, Well, speaking of sticking, we're going

0:21:13.960 --> 0:21:16.280
<v Speaker 2>to break it down to the electrons, which.

0:21:16.200 --> 0:21:17.520
<v Speaker 1>The atomic level, this is.

0:21:17.440 --> 0:21:19.760
<v Speaker 2>Bound to happen, yeah, because that's really where it all starts.

0:21:19.760 --> 0:21:23.640
<v Speaker 1>Well, I was just saying, like electromagnets, they become magnetic

0:21:23.640 --> 0:21:26.000
<v Speaker 1>when you pass the field of electricity through them. Yeah,

0:21:26.400 --> 0:21:30.120
<v Speaker 1>or current, and all electrical current is a flow of electrons.

0:21:30.560 --> 0:21:35.160
<v Speaker 1>Movement of electrons produces electricity, and electricity and magnetism are

0:21:35.280 --> 0:21:38.840
<v Speaker 1>very much related. And this is why because on the

0:21:38.880 --> 0:21:44.000
<v Speaker 1>atomic level of a ferrous material, iron nickel, cobalt, right,

0:21:44.080 --> 0:21:46.320
<v Speaker 1>yause are the big ones, what's called.

0:21:46.200 --> 0:21:46.680
<v Speaker 2>The big three.

0:21:46.840 --> 0:21:52.640
<v Speaker 1>Well, let's let's talk specifically about iron. In an iron atom,

0:21:52.920 --> 0:21:57.600
<v Speaker 1>there are around its its orbit. In its orbit, there

0:21:57.640 --> 0:21:59.600
<v Speaker 1>are electrons moving around.

0:21:59.720 --> 0:22:02.760
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, would they spin downward or upward?

0:22:03.240 --> 0:22:05.680
<v Speaker 1>And typically they're paired. And when you have a pair

0:22:05.720 --> 0:22:09.520
<v Speaker 1>of electrons, one spinning upward, one spinning downward, there's there

0:22:09.600 --> 0:22:12.679
<v Speaker 1>never any other way. There's no pair of electrons that

0:22:12.760 --> 0:22:14.760
<v Speaker 1>both spin in the same direction. It is always opposite.

0:22:14.840 --> 0:22:17.400
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, and that's called the poly exclusion principles.

0:22:17.520 --> 0:22:21.919
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, just not possible, right exactly. So in iron, you

0:22:22.040 --> 0:22:27.000
<v Speaker 1>also have four unpaired electrons that all spin the same way. Now,

0:22:27.000 --> 0:22:30.440
<v Speaker 1>those ones that are paired and spinning the opposite direction,

0:22:30.520 --> 0:22:33.080
<v Speaker 1>they cancel one another out. Yeah, but these four spinning

0:22:33.080 --> 0:22:36.200
<v Speaker 1>the same way produce a magnetic field, a very very

0:22:36.280 --> 0:22:39.640
<v Speaker 1>very very very tiny magnetic field, but a magnetic field nonetheless.

0:22:39.720 --> 0:22:42.920
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, right, And this is very unusual for these unpaired

0:22:43.560 --> 0:22:46.120
<v Speaker 2>electrons to be spinning in the same direction. That's why

0:22:46.119 --> 0:22:48.720
<v Speaker 2>it only happens in things like iron, cobalt, and nickel.

0:22:48.520 --> 0:22:52.200
<v Speaker 1>Right exactly. That's what makes them ferromagnetic materials. Yeah, potentially

0:22:52.240 --> 0:22:55.800
<v Speaker 1>magnetic because they have these unpaired electrons that are spinning

0:22:55.800 --> 0:22:58.640
<v Speaker 1>in a certain direction. Right, that's right. And then because

0:22:58.680 --> 0:23:00.720
<v Speaker 1>these things are spinning the same direction, they attract other

0:23:00.760 --> 0:23:03.119
<v Speaker 1>atoms to kind of line up that are spinning in

0:23:03.119 --> 0:23:06.440
<v Speaker 1>the same direction, to line up nearby, and then those

0:23:06.480 --> 0:23:08.480
<v Speaker 1>create what domains.

0:23:08.440 --> 0:23:09.800
<v Speaker 2>Well, a moment, they have a moment.

0:23:10.040 --> 0:23:11.600
<v Speaker 1>Oh yeah, I forget the moment, just.

0:23:11.560 --> 0:23:15.600
<v Speaker 2>Call the orbital magnetic moment, and I get it. Maybe

0:23:15.640 --> 0:23:17.760
<v Speaker 2>that's just when they realize, hey, we're all we're all

0:23:17.880 --> 0:23:20.680
<v Speaker 2>partying in the same way. We're all spinning downward.

0:23:20.480 --> 0:23:22.360
<v Speaker 1>Right, and we all like slacks.

0:23:22.520 --> 0:23:25.240
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, and hey, we've got a magnetic feel all of

0:23:25.280 --> 0:23:27.840
<v Speaker 2>a sudden. It's small, but let's get a bunch of

0:23:27.920 --> 0:23:29.760
<v Speaker 2>other ones and let's create a larger one. Right.

0:23:29.800 --> 0:23:33.960
<v Speaker 1>And that moment is it's it describes the force, the

0:23:34.160 --> 0:23:36.879
<v Speaker 1>I guess, the power and the direction of the spin.

0:23:37.160 --> 0:23:37.520
<v Speaker 2>Yeah.

0:23:37.560 --> 0:23:39.320
<v Speaker 1>So yeah, when you have a bunch of them having

0:23:39.320 --> 0:23:42.679
<v Speaker 1>the same moment, they kind of line up around one another.

0:23:42.720 --> 0:23:48.240
<v Speaker 1>When when iron forms, that's right, And then that causes

0:23:48.280 --> 0:23:51.119
<v Speaker 1>the domain or that creates the little magnetic domains in

0:23:51.440 --> 0:23:52.840
<v Speaker 1>the material that's right.

0:23:53.080 --> 0:23:56.280
<v Speaker 2>Uh. And if you notice that materials that make good

0:23:56.320 --> 0:24:02.320
<v Speaker 2>magnets are the same materials that magnets attract, then it's

0:24:02.359 --> 0:24:05.800
<v Speaker 2>because they attract unpaired electrons that are spinning in that direction.

0:24:05.880 --> 0:24:09.399
<v Speaker 2>It's the same thing. And you can also have something

0:24:09.400 --> 0:24:15.040
<v Speaker 2>called dimagnetic which are unpaired electrons creating a field that

0:24:15.200 --> 0:24:20.679
<v Speaker 2>repels instead of attracts. And then some materials don't react at.

0:24:20.520 --> 0:24:22.560
<v Speaker 1>All with magnetics, like pinestraw.

0:24:23.760 --> 0:24:25.760
<v Speaker 2>I think now is the time for a word from

0:24:25.760 --> 0:24:46.040
<v Speaker 2>our sponsors. All right, back to magnets, because there's still

0:24:46.480 --> 0:24:47.120
<v Speaker 2>some more to go.

0:24:47.280 --> 0:24:50.560
<v Speaker 1>I mean, now everyone who's listening to this understands magnets

0:24:50.560 --> 0:24:54.960
<v Speaker 1>on a an atomic level. Yeah, it's the spin of electrons.

0:24:55.040 --> 0:24:59.520
<v Speaker 2>It's physics. Yeah, my favorite thing. Yeah, this one actually

0:24:59.560 --> 0:25:00.840
<v Speaker 2>appealed to more than usual.

0:25:00.960 --> 0:25:04.440
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, physics wise, same here. You know, Remember the physics

0:25:04.480 --> 0:25:06.359
<v Speaker 1>is surfing I do.

0:25:07.720 --> 0:25:11.320
<v Speaker 2>All right, So people measure magnets to see, you know,

0:25:11.440 --> 0:25:14.520
<v Speaker 2>how strong the magnetic field is using something called a

0:25:14.520 --> 0:25:22.280
<v Speaker 2>goss meter, and flux or webers are the what would.

0:25:22.040 --> 0:25:25.600
<v Speaker 1>You call that measure measure in webers? Okay, so flux

0:25:25.680 --> 0:25:28.439
<v Speaker 1>is a line of magnetic force coming out of it.

0:25:28.720 --> 0:25:29.760
<v Speaker 2>But I botch that.

0:25:29.760 --> 0:25:30.320
<v Speaker 1>That's all right?

0:25:30.720 --> 0:25:33.960
<v Speaker 2>Okay, So The density of the flux is measured in

0:25:34.359 --> 0:25:38.760
<v Speaker 2>either Tesla or gossip, with Tesla being ten thousand goths,

0:25:38.800 --> 0:25:41.040
<v Speaker 2>which is pretty cool that you get a unit of

0:25:41.040 --> 0:25:42.080
<v Speaker 2>measurement named after you.

0:25:42.400 --> 0:25:45.120
<v Speaker 1>Oh yeah, if you're Tesla, you better if you're Tesla. Sure,

0:25:45.280 --> 0:25:46.240
<v Speaker 1>a lot of cool stuff.

0:25:46.800 --> 0:25:49.000
<v Speaker 2>And you can also measure it in Weber's per square meter,

0:25:50.040 --> 0:25:51.960
<v Speaker 2>but really, who wants to do that?

0:25:52.119 --> 0:25:52.320
<v Speaker 1>Yeah?

0:25:52.800 --> 0:25:57.679
<v Speaker 2>Canada probably, And then the magnitude of the field is

0:25:57.720 --> 0:26:01.760
<v Speaker 2>measured in ampeers per meter or something called orsted.

0:26:02.240 --> 0:26:05.480
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. I like orsted, you know, I'm a fan of orsted,

0:26:05.880 --> 0:26:08.840
<v Speaker 1>and I also like flux and Tesla's pretty awesome too.

0:26:09.680 --> 0:26:13.560
<v Speaker 2>So where do we use magnets besides pizza reminders or

0:26:13.640 --> 0:26:16.680
<v Speaker 2>doorbells or doorbells or of course speakers.

0:26:16.840 --> 0:26:19.200
<v Speaker 1>We use them to if you were in the cassette

0:26:19.240 --> 0:26:22.480
<v Speaker 1>tapes back in the day, Yeah, brother, you were into magnets,

0:26:22.520 --> 0:26:27.240
<v Speaker 1>like yeah, yeah. We also use them again, encompasses, burglar alarms,

0:26:27.680 --> 0:26:30.360
<v Speaker 1>electric motors. We use them to provide torque.

0:26:30.800 --> 0:26:33.960
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, car speedometers. If you have an old fashioned cathode

0:26:34.000 --> 0:26:37.639
<v Speaker 2>ray tube television set, you're using magnets. Yep, did you

0:26:37.680 --> 0:26:38.480
<v Speaker 2>listen to cassettes?

0:26:38.520 --> 0:26:38.600
<v Speaker 1>What?

0:26:39.200 --> 0:26:39.480
<v Speaker 2>Sure?

0:26:39.520 --> 0:26:41.000
<v Speaker 1>Mans? I grew up in the eighties.

0:26:41.119 --> 0:26:43.639
<v Speaker 2>Okay, I was just I wasn't quite sure. You know,

0:26:43.680 --> 0:26:45.359
<v Speaker 2>you're a little younger, but I didn't know. No, I

0:26:45.400 --> 0:26:49.080
<v Speaker 2>was a late adopter. Oh of cassettes, well, no, of everything,

0:26:49.160 --> 0:26:50.720
<v Speaker 2>because what I would do is I would have a

0:26:50.720 --> 0:26:54.239
<v Speaker 2>big collection and then be like, I got all these records, right,

0:26:54.440 --> 0:26:55.960
<v Speaker 2>So I was late to cassettes, and then I had

0:26:56.000 --> 0:26:58.280
<v Speaker 2>all these cassettes. I didn't want to switch to CDs. Yeah,

0:26:58.359 --> 0:27:00.840
<v Speaker 2>until all my cassettes got stolen. Oh yeah, and I

0:27:00.840 --> 0:27:02.040
<v Speaker 2>was like, all right, I guess I'll get CDs.

0:27:02.040 --> 0:27:04.320
<v Speaker 1>Now, get them going CDs. Yeah, yeah, No, I was

0:27:04.359 --> 0:27:08.440
<v Speaker 1>there for the big transition from cassettes two CDs. Sure,

0:27:08.800 --> 0:27:12.240
<v Speaker 1>remember like they were across the board twenty dollars nineteen ninety.

0:27:12.040 --> 0:27:14.440
<v Speaker 2>Nine, free d in the big box too, remember what

0:27:14.680 --> 0:27:16.439
<v Speaker 2>I waste?

0:27:16.960 --> 0:27:19.679
<v Speaker 1>See look at that maglev trains.

0:27:20.119 --> 0:27:22.080
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, we talked about this. We have a cool one

0:27:22.080 --> 0:27:26.560
<v Speaker 2>of our little one minute live action shorts online. We uh,

0:27:26.680 --> 0:27:28.879
<v Speaker 2>maybe I'll post this when we release this. But the

0:27:28.920 --> 0:27:32.800
<v Speaker 2>mag lev train system and a lot of roller coasters

0:27:32.800 --> 0:27:34.960
<v Speaker 2>and things like that use super magnets too.

0:27:34.960 --> 0:27:36.040
<v Speaker 1>I don't remember that one.

0:27:36.240 --> 0:27:39.680
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, the maglev train uses it. To propel the train forward. Yeah,

0:27:39.840 --> 0:27:42.120
<v Speaker 2>and don't roller coasters use magnets for breaking a lot

0:27:42.119 --> 0:27:42.560
<v Speaker 2>of times?

0:27:42.760 --> 0:27:45.480
<v Speaker 1>Oh yeah, like new ones, Yeah, the good ones.

0:27:45.520 --> 0:27:46.400
<v Speaker 2>You don't remember that one.

0:27:46.840 --> 0:27:50.800
<v Speaker 1>No, we did like a dozen of them in four days. Okay,

0:27:51.240 --> 0:27:52.960
<v Speaker 1>I don't remember that one. I'll send it to you

0:27:53.320 --> 0:27:57.040
<v Speaker 1>the thank you. The magnetosphere is a part of our atmosphere.

0:27:57.240 --> 0:27:59.680
<v Speaker 1>I guess it's outside of the atmosphere, but it surrounds

0:27:59.720 --> 0:28:02.679
<v Speaker 1>Earth in a protective layer that protects it from charged

0:28:02.720 --> 0:28:06.200
<v Speaker 1>ions known as solar winds. And when these solar winds

0:28:06.200 --> 0:28:09.359
<v Speaker 1>come in contact with the magnetosphere, you get something that's

0:28:09.400 --> 0:28:13.119
<v Speaker 1>called the northern or southern lights. Ah, that's what that is.

0:28:14.000 --> 0:28:15.720
<v Speaker 2>I knew. We talked about that at some point.

0:28:15.600 --> 0:28:16.880
<v Speaker 1>In another short, that's right.

0:28:17.040 --> 0:28:20.240
<v Speaker 2>Yeah. And then our favorite, of course, the Wonder Machine,

0:28:20.640 --> 0:28:24.159
<v Speaker 2>would not be possible without magnets because it is magnetic

0:28:24.600 --> 0:28:25.919
<v Speaker 2>resonance imaging.

0:28:26.200 --> 0:28:29.040
<v Speaker 1>Right, you know, and just be resonance imaging without it.

0:28:29.560 --> 0:28:33.040
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, there's no fun in that. And then doctor sometimes

0:28:33.119 --> 0:28:37.399
<v Speaker 2>use pulse electro magnetic fields to actually heal broken bones

0:28:37.440 --> 0:28:38.360
<v Speaker 2>that haven't healed correctly.

0:28:38.480 --> 0:28:41.600
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, amazing, I looked into this. They have no idea

0:28:41.600 --> 0:28:43.320
<v Speaker 1>how it works on a molecular level.

0:28:43.440 --> 0:28:43.880
<v Speaker 2>Oh really.

0:28:43.920 --> 0:28:48.560
<v Speaker 1>All they know is that if you expose bone or tissue.

0:28:48.680 --> 0:28:53.120
<v Speaker 1>I think bones, more bone and muscle maybe are easier

0:28:53.160 --> 0:28:57.360
<v Speaker 1>to grow to an electromagnetic pulse, it grows. Even if

0:28:57.400 --> 0:29:02.280
<v Speaker 1>it like it hasn't healed under after surgery any other procedure,

0:29:02.840 --> 0:29:06.160
<v Speaker 1>if you hit it with an electromagnetic pulse, it'll you'll

0:29:06.200 --> 0:29:08.240
<v Speaker 1>get a reaction. And they're figuring out how to put

0:29:08.240 --> 0:29:12.320
<v Speaker 1>this in garments for astronauts. Yeah, because you have you

0:29:12.360 --> 0:29:16.760
<v Speaker 1>suffer substantial bone loss on a very long micro gravity flight.

0:29:17.880 --> 0:29:20.040
<v Speaker 1>So they're figuring out how to weave it into their

0:29:20.080 --> 0:29:23.280
<v Speaker 1>clothes so their clothes can get can blast them with

0:29:23.640 --> 0:29:26.880
<v Speaker 1>an electromagnetic pulse to make sure they're bone density keeps up.

0:29:27.000 --> 0:29:27.280
<v Speaker 2>Wow.

0:29:27.440 --> 0:29:29.560
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, that's pretty cool. But they don't know why it works.

0:29:29.560 --> 0:29:30.520
<v Speaker 1>They just know it works.

0:29:31.400 --> 0:29:36.080
<v Speaker 2>Cows are pretty happy they're magnets because there's this horrific

0:29:36.120 --> 0:29:41.080
<v Speaker 2>thing called traumatic you know, we'll just call it hardware disease.

0:29:42.080 --> 0:29:45.360
<v Speaker 2>And this is when when cows eat small metal objects

0:29:45.400 --> 0:29:48.760
<v Speaker 2>that are in their food. And it's pretty awful that

0:29:48.760 --> 0:29:51.480
<v Speaker 2>that happens. But luckily they have a cow magnet to

0:29:51.520 --> 0:29:54.920
<v Speaker 2>feed them, and it I guess gathers up all this

0:29:54.920 --> 0:29:56.320
<v Speaker 2>stuff and then they poop it out.

0:29:57.320 --> 0:29:59.800
<v Speaker 1>They I'll bet that's horrible to poop out, isn't that

0:29:59.840 --> 0:30:02.240
<v Speaker 1>what happens? Or it punctures? Oh the magnet?

0:30:02.480 --> 0:30:04.320
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I mean the poop the magnet out.

0:30:04.400 --> 0:30:04.800
<v Speaker 1>I don't know.

0:30:04.880 --> 0:30:06.880
<v Speaker 2>It surely doesn't just stay in the body, does it.

0:30:07.080 --> 0:30:07.520
<v Speaker 1>I don't know.

0:30:08.000 --> 0:30:09.160
<v Speaker 2>All right, I'm gonna have to look into that.

0:30:09.200 --> 0:30:12.360
<v Speaker 1>Some more people are known to put their arms into

0:30:12.400 --> 0:30:15.080
<v Speaker 1>cows rears.

0:30:15.480 --> 0:30:18.760
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, no, we that some of them have a hole

0:30:18.800 --> 0:30:20.760
<v Speaker 2>cut in their side, remember, so they can examine their stomach.

0:30:20.800 --> 0:30:23.120
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, the one with the porthole. Yeah, yeah, that's pretty cool.

0:30:23.240 --> 0:30:26.840
<v Speaker 1>I'm gonna try this one, traumatic reticulo pericarditis.

0:30:27.360 --> 0:30:31.720
<v Speaker 2>You practice that beforehand? Well done, So there's nothing wrong

0:30:31.760 --> 0:30:35.040
<v Speaker 2>with that. Yeah, some people might think practicing hard words

0:30:35.040 --> 0:30:37.680
<v Speaker 2>before you do a professionally released audio program are a

0:30:37.720 --> 0:30:38.160
<v Speaker 2>good thing.

0:30:39.400 --> 0:30:42.760
<v Speaker 1>If if a human swallows a magnet, that's not good.

0:30:43.080 --> 0:30:43.920
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, you don't want to do that.

0:30:44.000 --> 0:30:47.720
<v Speaker 1>Cows intestines and stomachs are different than humans and testines

0:30:47.720 --> 0:30:50.840
<v Speaker 1>and stomachs, and if we swallow, especially more than one magnet,

0:30:51.120 --> 0:30:54.840
<v Speaker 1>they will basically clamp your entrails together and you will

0:30:54.840 --> 0:30:56.800
<v Speaker 1>be in big trouble and you'll have to undergo surgery

0:30:56.840 --> 0:30:57.600
<v Speaker 1>to have them removed.

0:30:57.800 --> 0:31:01.120
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, so that's no good parents caution to when your

0:31:01.160 --> 0:31:03.160
<v Speaker 2>kids are playing with magnets because kids like to swallow

0:31:03.160 --> 0:31:04.040
<v Speaker 2>things they shouldn't swallow.

0:31:04.160 --> 0:31:09.520
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. And since we talked about electromagnetic pulses being capable

0:31:09.560 --> 0:31:12.960
<v Speaker 1>of spurring bone loss, is.

0:31:12.960 --> 0:31:17.360
<v Speaker 2>It boning or growing man spurning bone loss spurring bone growth?

0:31:17.880 --> 0:31:22.560
<v Speaker 1>Thank you? You would think that people wearing like magnetic

0:31:22.600 --> 0:31:26.080
<v Speaker 1>bracelets or magnetic insuls are getting some sort of benefit.

0:31:26.160 --> 0:31:29.200
<v Speaker 1>There's no there's no study that's ever shown that those

0:31:29.240 --> 0:31:31.600
<v Speaker 1>things actually help. Although there's a lot of people out

0:31:31.640 --> 0:31:34.640
<v Speaker 1>there who believe in static magnetic therapy, which is just

0:31:34.920 --> 0:31:38.240
<v Speaker 1>a magnet on your skin. There's no pulse or anything

0:31:38.360 --> 0:31:41.560
<v Speaker 1>going off, and they think that possibly the people who

0:31:41.800 --> 0:31:45.400
<v Speaker 1>are adherents to this think that it's either attracting iron

0:31:45.440 --> 0:31:48.400
<v Speaker 1>in the hemoglobin that kind of makes sense to improve circulation,

0:31:49.200 --> 0:31:53.680
<v Speaker 1>or it has some sort of effect on the cellular

0:31:53.760 --> 0:31:57.920
<v Speaker 1>structure in the body, right, and that that's why it

0:31:58.080 --> 0:32:02.800
<v Speaker 1>helps your back in so help your back, or a bracelet.

0:32:02.400 --> 0:32:03.280
<v Speaker 2>Helps your arthritis.

0:32:03.400 --> 0:32:06.440
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, but again there's no studies that suggest this.

0:32:06.680 --> 0:32:10.360
<v Speaker 2>Well, it's big money. Americans alone spend about five hundred

0:32:10.360 --> 0:32:14.000
<v Speaker 2>million per year on this kind of thing, and worldwide

0:32:14.040 --> 0:32:17.360
<v Speaker 2>about five billion dollars a year on magnetic treatment. So

0:32:17.640 --> 0:32:20.600
<v Speaker 2>the b Yeah, that's a lot of dough, it is.

0:32:21.120 --> 0:32:24.360
<v Speaker 2>And then there was one more thing. Magnetized drinking water

0:32:24.520 --> 0:32:28.240
<v Speaker 2>is a thing now to treat ailments, and I think

0:32:28.280 --> 0:32:31.760
<v Speaker 2>that they have not shown in clinical trials that that's

0:32:31.760 --> 0:32:32.400
<v Speaker 2>been proven either.

0:32:32.640 --> 0:32:36.480
<v Speaker 1>Rest of the minerals in drinking water are not ferromagnetic,

0:32:36.600 --> 0:32:38.479
<v Speaker 1>so to begin with, we didn't have anything to do

0:32:38.520 --> 0:32:38.840
<v Speaker 1>with it.

0:32:39.040 --> 0:32:41.600
<v Speaker 2>And they found that in clinical trials a lot of

0:32:41.600 --> 0:32:46.000
<v Speaker 2>the positive benefits come from placebo maybe or a passage

0:32:46.040 --> 0:32:49.840
<v Speaker 2>of time, or maybe the fact that these insult cushionings

0:32:49.840 --> 0:32:52.320
<v Speaker 2>are just better made and more padded to begin with.

0:32:52.800 --> 0:33:00.000
<v Speaker 1>There's also apparently a device that removes hard water, yeah,

0:33:00.040 --> 0:33:05.200
<v Speaker 1>minerals from water using magnets, but apparently, again it's not

0:33:05.280 --> 0:33:08.040
<v Speaker 1>really doing anything as far as consumer report says in

0:33:08.080 --> 0:33:09.000
<v Speaker 1>a two year study.

0:33:09.160 --> 0:33:12.640
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, we had a water softener when I lived in Yuma. Yeah,

0:33:12.640 --> 0:33:14.040
<v Speaker 2>and I'd never heard of that, and I was like,

0:33:14.040 --> 0:33:16.520
<v Speaker 2>oh what, And it's like, you know, it's in the

0:33:16.520 --> 0:33:18.400
<v Speaker 2>garage that sort of looked like a hot water heater

0:33:19.000 --> 0:33:20.960
<v Speaker 2>and it's soft in the water whatever that means.

0:33:21.080 --> 0:33:22.440
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, do you know what it did?

0:33:23.400 --> 0:33:25.960
<v Speaker 2>It's soft in the water. Yeah, But I think I

0:33:26.000 --> 0:33:28.000
<v Speaker 2>remember asking my sister what hard water did, and she

0:33:28.080 --> 0:33:29.720
<v Speaker 2>was like, oh, you could tell a difference.

0:33:29.320 --> 0:33:32.120
<v Speaker 1>Like I can't remember your skin real dry, I think.

0:33:32.040 --> 0:33:33.720
<v Speaker 2>And I think, yeah, I don't remember.

0:33:33.840 --> 0:33:36.880
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, So that's hard water everyone. If you want to

0:33:36.960 --> 0:33:39.600
<v Speaker 1>learn more about that, type the word magnets into the

0:33:39.680 --> 0:33:42.080
<v Speaker 1>search bar at HowStuffWorks dot com. It will bring up

0:33:42.160 --> 0:33:46.600
<v Speaker 1>this awesome and exhaustive article. Also, if you're interested in doorbells,

0:33:46.640 --> 0:33:49.360
<v Speaker 1>type that word in the search bar too. And since

0:33:49.400 --> 0:33:52.320
<v Speaker 1>I said search bar twice, it means we go straight

0:33:52.400 --> 0:33:53.840
<v Speaker 1>to listener mail.

0:33:56.920 --> 0:33:59.960
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, I'm gonna call this military shout out. We don't

0:34:00.080 --> 0:34:02.360
<v Speaker 2>do shout outs that often. Sometimes we do eat a

0:34:02.360 --> 0:34:04.120
<v Speaker 2>lot of requests, so don't feel bad people if we

0:34:04.160 --> 0:34:09.760
<v Speaker 2>don't do your shout out. This is from Trevor. Hey guys,

0:34:09.840 --> 0:34:12.200
<v Speaker 2>my name is Trevor. And yes that it's spelled with

0:34:12.200 --> 0:34:13.960
<v Speaker 2>a B and not a V. And that is a

0:34:14.000 --> 0:34:16.400
<v Speaker 2>long story that I'll tell you you would like, but

0:34:16.440 --> 0:34:19.160
<v Speaker 2>that's not why i'm writing in. I am currently serving

0:34:19.160 --> 0:34:21.800
<v Speaker 2>in the US arm Forces and I am in stationed overseas.

0:34:22.160 --> 0:34:24.520
<v Speaker 2>My wife and I recently welcomed my daughter into the world.

0:34:24.719 --> 0:34:27.960
<v Speaker 2>Congratulations Trevor and wife, and I got to spend some

0:34:28.040 --> 0:34:30.200
<v Speaker 2>time with them, although not as much as I would

0:34:30.239 --> 0:34:32.719
<v Speaker 2>like to obviously, before I had to come back overseas.

0:34:33.239 --> 0:34:36.919
<v Speaker 2>It's been a really long, tough trip being away from them,

0:34:36.960 --> 0:34:39.800
<v Speaker 2>and even harder on our marriage. I work long hours,

0:34:39.800 --> 0:34:42.120
<v Speaker 2>and when I come home to talk to my wife,

0:34:42.160 --> 0:34:45.480
<v Speaker 2>I really dread talking about work, and she really hates

0:34:45.520 --> 0:34:47.680
<v Speaker 2>talking about herself all the time. So that's when I

0:34:47.680 --> 0:34:49.759
<v Speaker 2>bring up topics that you guys talk about on the show.

0:34:50.320 --> 0:34:52.279
<v Speaker 2>I've listened for years and I have turned her onto

0:34:52.320 --> 0:34:54.160
<v Speaker 2>them as well. And I just wanted to thank you

0:34:54.200 --> 0:34:56.279
<v Speaker 2>guys and ask if you could give a shout out

0:34:56.320 --> 0:34:59.320
<v Speaker 2>to her and listener mail. Her name is Tony with

0:34:59.440 --> 0:35:02.880
<v Speaker 2>an I, So Trevor and Tony Trevor, thanks for your

0:35:02.920 --> 0:35:06.560
<v Speaker 2>service obviously, and both of you thanks for hanging in

0:35:06.600 --> 0:35:09.359
<v Speaker 2>there as a military couple. It's tough, yeah, when you're

0:35:09.400 --> 0:35:12.680
<v Speaker 2>away for that long, and it's quite a sacrifice. My

0:35:13.080 --> 0:35:17.520
<v Speaker 2>sister and her husband. He's a career marine helicopter pilot.

0:35:17.520 --> 0:35:20.440
<v Speaker 1>As I mentioned before, Yeah, he's been to Afghanistan, right, Yeah.

0:35:20.239 --> 0:35:22.360
<v Speaker 2>And they go for you know, long tour six and

0:35:22.400 --> 0:35:24.040
<v Speaker 2>eight months at a time, and you do enough of

0:35:24.040 --> 0:35:27.480
<v Speaker 2>those in your life and you realize you're spending years

0:35:27.480 --> 0:35:30.120
<v Speaker 2>away from your husband or wife totaled up. Yeah, and

0:35:30.200 --> 0:35:33.480
<v Speaker 2>family and the daughters and sons and so it's tough stuff.

0:35:33.520 --> 0:35:36.080
<v Speaker 2>So shouting out to you guys hanging there.

0:35:36.239 --> 0:35:40.160
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, thanks Trevor and Tony. That's pretty awesome that we're

0:35:40.280 --> 0:35:44.120
<v Speaker 1>like keeping their marriage happy. Well, we're providing a sustenance

0:35:44.160 --> 0:35:44.680
<v Speaker 1>to talk about it.

0:35:44.640 --> 0:35:45.760
<v Speaker 2>It's awesome exactly.

0:35:46.320 --> 0:35:49.080
<v Speaker 1>If you want to let us know how we have

0:35:49.280 --> 0:35:52.279
<v Speaker 1>helped your marriage, we're very interested in that. You could

0:35:52.320 --> 0:35:57.600
<v Speaker 1>send us an email to Stuff Podcasts at iHeartRadio dot com.

0:35:59.360 --> 0:36:01.719
<v Speaker 1>Stuff You Should is a production of iHeartRadio.

0:36:02.200 --> 0:36:05.400
<v Speaker 2>For more podcasts my heart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app,

0:36:05.600 --> 0:36:08.520
<v Speaker 2>Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.