1 00:00:00,920 --> 00:00:03,280 Speaker 1: Hey there, it's Josh, and for this week's select, I've 2 00:00:03,320 --> 00:00:07,520 Speaker 1: chosen an ancient episode from April of twenty thirteen, more 3 00:00:07,560 --> 00:00:09,920 Speaker 1: than ten years ago. Can you believe it? And if 4 00:00:09,920 --> 00:00:12,880 Speaker 1: you don't understand how magnets work after listening to this one, 5 00:00:13,280 --> 00:00:15,560 Speaker 1: well then we didn't do a very good job of 6 00:00:15,600 --> 00:00:17,959 Speaker 1: explaining it. Check it out and see what you think. 7 00:00:22,840 --> 00:00:28,560 Speaker 2: Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of iHeartRadio. 8 00:00:32,240 --> 00:00:34,920 Speaker 1: Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark with 9 00:00:35,600 --> 00:00:39,720 Speaker 1: guess who tell him? Tell him how? I'm with Chuck. Oh, Chuck, 10 00:00:40,400 --> 00:00:42,760 Speaker 1: I'm with Chuck, and Jerry's in the room as well, 11 00:00:43,159 --> 00:00:45,560 Speaker 1: And since the three of us are together in this room, 12 00:00:46,120 --> 00:00:48,560 Speaker 1: we have tell the Stuff should Know Chuck, Stuff you 13 00:00:48,600 --> 00:00:54,040 Speaker 1: should Know. That's right the podcast. I am so excited 14 00:00:54,080 --> 00:00:56,360 Speaker 1: about this podcast. I know you would be, so much 15 00:00:56,360 --> 00:00:58,600 Speaker 1: so that I'm worried about it because, as you know, 16 00:00:58,720 --> 00:01:01,520 Speaker 1: and anybody who even likes occasionally listens to the Stuff 17 00:01:01,520 --> 00:01:04,120 Speaker 1: you Should Know is aware of the more excited I 18 00:01:04,160 --> 00:01:08,880 Speaker 1: get about a topic, the poorer job I do at 19 00:01:08,959 --> 00:01:12,199 Speaker 1: explaining it. Yeah, see you already did it. I should 20 00:01:12,200 --> 00:01:16,920 Speaker 1: have said, the poorer the job I do. Yeah, it's true. 21 00:01:16,920 --> 00:01:20,160 Speaker 1: So I'm just gonna try to remain calm, okay, because 22 00:01:20,160 --> 00:01:22,200 Speaker 1: all we're talking about is magnets after all, you know. 23 00:01:22,680 --> 00:01:25,640 Speaker 2: And that's the way I feel. We usually balance each 24 00:01:25,640 --> 00:01:26,680 Speaker 2: other out nicely like that. 25 00:01:26,959 --> 00:01:29,560 Speaker 1: But you don't think that there is some a certain 26 00:01:29,680 --> 00:01:35,600 Speaker 1: cachet to walking around understanding how a magnet works. Do 27 00:01:35,680 --> 00:01:38,200 Speaker 1: you realize what percentage of the population you're a member 28 00:01:38,240 --> 00:01:42,880 Speaker 1: of for knowing that maybe, maybe, and this is a guess, 29 00:01:42,920 --> 00:01:47,840 Speaker 1: like point zero zero two nine percent of the human population. 30 00:01:47,520 --> 00:01:48,680 Speaker 2: Knows how magnets work. 31 00:01:49,120 --> 00:01:52,280 Speaker 1: I don't know anybody else until we selected this and 32 00:01:52,320 --> 00:01:56,160 Speaker 1: started reading it besides Tracy Wilson, who knew how magnets work. 33 00:01:56,320 --> 00:01:59,040 Speaker 2: I think you are underestimating the curiosity of the general 34 00:01:59,080 --> 00:02:01,600 Speaker 2: public for people to look up this stuff. 35 00:02:01,320 --> 00:02:04,000 Speaker 1: On their own, all right, I would like to hear 36 00:02:04,040 --> 00:02:05,840 Speaker 1: from people if you already knew how magnets is. 37 00:02:05,960 --> 00:02:07,800 Speaker 2: Act like, if we don't tell people this and they're 38 00:02:07,840 --> 00:02:10,000 Speaker 2: just dumb dummies walking around. 39 00:02:10,040 --> 00:02:13,000 Speaker 1: I don't think that that's not at all what I think. 40 00:02:13,320 --> 00:02:14,799 Speaker 1: But I get. 41 00:02:15,360 --> 00:02:17,440 Speaker 2: This, and I think that will prove that people know 42 00:02:18,200 --> 00:02:18,920 Speaker 2: this and more. 43 00:02:19,200 --> 00:02:23,919 Speaker 1: Okay, if you're if you're a physicist whose specialty is the. 44 00:02:24,240 --> 00:02:27,000 Speaker 2: Electromagnetic cracking their knuckles right now and listening to. 45 00:02:27,040 --> 00:02:30,440 Speaker 1: It right then. Yes, we're gonna mess things up, it's true. 46 00:02:30,480 --> 00:02:34,480 Speaker 1: But we have a general, good, well, i'd say, fairly 47 00:02:34,560 --> 00:02:39,720 Speaker 1: detailed idea of why magnets exist. That's right, and we're 48 00:02:39,720 --> 00:02:42,320 Speaker 1: gonna explain that to everybody. It's all because but nice, 49 00:02:42,680 --> 00:02:47,400 Speaker 1: not in any way, shape or form in a condescending manner. No, no, no, no, 50 00:02:47,440 --> 00:02:50,200 Speaker 1: because all we do is research thems. Right, It's not 51 00:02:50,320 --> 00:02:54,680 Speaker 1: like we're making magnets here. No, we're just talking about them. 52 00:02:54,760 --> 00:02:57,360 Speaker 2: You know, they discovered these in Magnesia in Greece. Did 53 00:02:57,400 --> 00:03:03,920 Speaker 2: you know that what magnets like? Natural magnets? Yeah, like loadstone, Yeah, 54 00:03:04,280 --> 00:03:05,400 Speaker 2: in Magnesia increase. 55 00:03:06,040 --> 00:03:10,760 Speaker 1: Is that really a place, yeah, Magnesia. Absolutely, you're not 56 00:03:10,800 --> 00:03:14,240 Speaker 1: pulling my leg, nope, okay, but it was loadstone, a 57 00:03:14,240 --> 00:03:17,200 Speaker 1: type of magnetite. Yeah, it was magnetite, because that's the 58 00:03:17,240 --> 00:03:22,320 Speaker 1: strongest naturally occurring magnet, right, Like you can attract a 59 00:03:22,320 --> 00:03:23,640 Speaker 1: paper clip just with this rock. 60 00:03:24,040 --> 00:03:24,760 Speaker 2: That's pretty cool. 61 00:03:24,960 --> 00:03:27,720 Speaker 1: Yeah. It is even cooler though, are the ones that 62 00:03:27,960 --> 00:03:31,880 Speaker 1: humans have conquered and mastered and own. That's right, because 63 00:03:31,919 --> 00:03:33,960 Speaker 1: all the magnets you come in contact with on a 64 00:03:34,240 --> 00:03:39,520 Speaker 1: daily basis, maybe a weekly basis have been manipulated by humanity. 65 00:03:39,680 --> 00:03:41,680 Speaker 2: See, I never come into contact with magnets. 66 00:03:42,320 --> 00:03:45,560 Speaker 1: You know something, it's hard to find a decent magnet 67 00:03:45,600 --> 00:03:47,800 Speaker 1: these days in an average store, Like you have to 68 00:03:47,840 --> 00:03:48,960 Speaker 1: like mail off for them. 69 00:03:49,040 --> 00:03:52,840 Speaker 2: Oh yeah, yeah. And I don't have refrigerator magnets because 70 00:03:53,440 --> 00:03:56,800 Speaker 2: you know, the stainless steel fridges, you can't put a 71 00:03:56,840 --> 00:03:57,560 Speaker 2: magnet on them. 72 00:03:57,600 --> 00:03:58,520 Speaker 1: This is so weird. 73 00:03:58,720 --> 00:04:00,480 Speaker 2: You can put it on the side. So we have 74 00:04:00,600 --> 00:04:02,520 Speaker 2: a few, you know, you get magnets over the court 75 00:04:02,560 --> 00:04:05,400 Speaker 2: of your life, whether it's like the pizza delivery guy 76 00:04:05,520 --> 00:04:06,960 Speaker 2: has a like we have one in the shape of 77 00:04:07,000 --> 00:04:09,520 Speaker 2: a pizza slice with their number on it, you do, 78 00:04:10,080 --> 00:04:12,840 Speaker 2: and that's on the side, and like our vet, like 79 00:04:13,040 --> 00:04:14,520 Speaker 2: we have a vet magnet. 80 00:04:14,240 --> 00:04:16,560 Speaker 1: In this shape of a pizza slice. 81 00:04:17,120 --> 00:04:22,000 Speaker 2: And then like in a random random people have given 82 00:04:22,080 --> 00:04:24,000 Speaker 2: me magnets here and there, which I'll throw up there 83 00:04:24,040 --> 00:04:24,480 Speaker 2: on the side. 84 00:04:24,560 --> 00:04:27,080 Speaker 1: That's good. Those are nice mementos. You meant one of 85 00:04:27,680 --> 00:04:31,720 Speaker 1: times you did. Yeah, that's nice. That's great, Chuck. 86 00:04:32,040 --> 00:04:33,760 Speaker 2: So anyway, I don't have a lot of magnets or 87 00:04:33,839 --> 00:04:36,800 Speaker 2: experience with magnets, but I understand them now. 88 00:04:36,720 --> 00:04:38,840 Speaker 1: Now that you say that. I realized that I have 89 00:04:39,080 --> 00:04:42,560 Speaker 1: more experience than I realized with magnets, because we really 90 00:04:42,560 --> 00:04:44,400 Speaker 1: you mean, and I do have a pretty good magnet collection. 91 00:04:44,440 --> 00:04:48,680 Speaker 1: Well there you go on our fridge. But yeah, it is. 92 00:04:49,480 --> 00:04:51,800 Speaker 1: It always struck me as weird that like stainless steel, 93 00:04:52,600 --> 00:04:55,720 Speaker 1: wouldn't you couldn't put a magnet on that. Yeah, now 94 00:04:55,720 --> 00:04:59,440 Speaker 1: I understand why stainless steel is not a ferross metal. 95 00:04:59,560 --> 00:04:59,960 Speaker 2: That's right. 96 00:05:00,760 --> 00:05:06,440 Speaker 1: You have to have a fairist metal, like something say iron, nickel, cobalt, aluminum, 97 00:05:06,480 --> 00:05:10,080 Speaker 1: even Oh really, I think so, because there's a type 98 00:05:10,080 --> 00:05:15,839 Speaker 1: of magnet called the al Niko magnet, and that's aluminum, nickel, 99 00:05:15,920 --> 00:05:16,960 Speaker 1: cobalt alloy. 100 00:05:17,279 --> 00:05:19,919 Speaker 2: Yeah, if you've got a really good guitar amp, you 101 00:05:19,960 --> 00:05:23,479 Speaker 2: might have an al Nico speaker, is that right? Yeah? 102 00:05:22,760 --> 00:05:26,920 Speaker 2: They're pricey. Oh yeah, I can imagine, like you can 103 00:05:26,920 --> 00:05:28,960 Speaker 2: buy the speaker separately and like switch it out in 104 00:05:28,960 --> 00:05:30,520 Speaker 2: your amp to make your amp some better, which I 105 00:05:30,680 --> 00:05:32,480 Speaker 2: have been meaning to do for years. But they're just 106 00:05:32,560 --> 00:05:34,240 Speaker 2: kind of pricey. It's like four hundred bucks just for 107 00:05:34,279 --> 00:05:34,719 Speaker 2: the speaker. 108 00:05:34,960 --> 00:05:35,960 Speaker 1: But how's this sound? 109 00:05:36,520 --> 00:05:41,080 Speaker 2: Well, I'm told it's great. But music guys here much 110 00:05:41,120 --> 00:05:44,560 Speaker 2: more than I do, like real, real music guys. They're like, 111 00:05:44,560 --> 00:05:46,400 Speaker 2: can't you hear the difference? And I'll be like, eh, 112 00:05:46,600 --> 00:05:47,040 Speaker 2: sort of. 113 00:05:47,400 --> 00:05:50,000 Speaker 1: Are these music guys also al Nico speaker salesman? 114 00:05:50,160 --> 00:05:50,360 Speaker 2: Yeah? 115 00:05:50,400 --> 00:05:53,159 Speaker 1: Probably so all right, so let's get so, this is 116 00:05:53,200 --> 00:05:55,960 Speaker 1: what I like about this article. It goes like basic 117 00:05:56,400 --> 00:05:59,599 Speaker 1: too specific. Yes, and you can start with the basics 118 00:05:59,600 --> 00:06:02,239 Speaker 1: about my magnets. They attract specific metals, as we said, 119 00:06:02,440 --> 00:06:07,000 Speaker 1: typically fairest metals. Yes, they have a north and south pole. 120 00:06:07,120 --> 00:06:10,800 Speaker 1: All magnets do. There's no north and east polled magnet. 121 00:06:10,880 --> 00:06:12,720 Speaker 2: Yeah, and the Earth is the biggest magnet of all. 122 00:06:12,760 --> 00:06:16,760 Speaker 1: I guess it is, at least on Earth. Opposite poles 123 00:06:16,760 --> 00:06:20,799 Speaker 1: attract one another like poles repel one another. They hate 124 00:06:20,839 --> 00:06:21,320 Speaker 1: each other. 125 00:06:21,400 --> 00:06:21,880 Speaker 2: That's right. 126 00:06:22,800 --> 00:06:25,680 Speaker 1: Magnetic and electrical fields are related. And we're going to 127 00:06:25,720 --> 00:06:30,280 Speaker 1: explain why I'm so excited in magnetism. I think I 128 00:06:30,279 --> 00:06:33,760 Speaker 1: said electromagnetism earlier. So you can put your email away 129 00:06:33,839 --> 00:06:36,400 Speaker 1: because I'm correct in myself. Yes, is one of the 130 00:06:36,520 --> 00:06:39,360 Speaker 1: four fundamental forces of the universe. Right, that's right, with 131 00:06:39,640 --> 00:06:42,920 Speaker 1: gravity and the strong and weak nuclear forces. That's right, 132 00:06:44,000 --> 00:06:44,880 Speaker 1: that's magnets. 133 00:06:44,920 --> 00:06:48,960 Speaker 2: That's a great intro magnets. The object itself, or a 134 00:06:49,040 --> 00:06:52,719 Speaker 2: magnet is an object in itself that produces a magnetic 135 00:06:52,760 --> 00:06:56,479 Speaker 2: field and it's going to attract like you said, ferris metals, yep. 136 00:06:56,920 --> 00:07:02,320 Speaker 2: And there can be permanent magnets aka hard magnets, and 137 00:07:02,400 --> 00:07:05,520 Speaker 2: they always have a magnetic field going. And then you 138 00:07:05,600 --> 00:07:09,960 Speaker 2: have the temporary magnets aka soft magnets, and they just 139 00:07:10,040 --> 00:07:12,160 Speaker 2: produce a magnetic field when they're in the presence of 140 00:07:13,800 --> 00:07:16,160 Speaker 2: or when they're in the presence of a magnetic field 141 00:07:16,200 --> 00:07:17,920 Speaker 2: and only for a short time and then for a 142 00:07:17,920 --> 00:07:20,800 Speaker 2: little bit thereafter, right like once it's gone once. 143 00:07:20,920 --> 00:07:23,920 Speaker 1: Yeah. And then electromagnets, when you apply an electrical current 144 00:07:23,920 --> 00:07:25,640 Speaker 1: to some magnets, they become magnetic. 145 00:07:25,800 --> 00:07:26,320 Speaker 2: That's right. 146 00:07:26,360 --> 00:07:28,040 Speaker 1: And if you have a doorbell, you probably have an 147 00:07:28,040 --> 00:07:31,920 Speaker 1: electromagnet in your house. Yeah, the doorbell, Yeah, I looked 148 00:07:31,920 --> 00:07:34,480 Speaker 1: it up. It's it's more complicated than you would think. 149 00:07:34,720 --> 00:07:35,520 Speaker 2: Oh yeah, I don't know. 150 00:07:35,560 --> 00:07:38,920 Speaker 1: It's like a it's like a Rube Goldberg esque contraption 151 00:07:40,160 --> 00:07:43,960 Speaker 1: that that is apparently pretty standard and uses electromagnets. It's 152 00:07:43,960 --> 00:07:45,800 Speaker 1: neat and actually, if you're interested in that, there's an 153 00:07:45,880 --> 00:07:48,440 Speaker 1: article how doorbells work on howstuff Works dot com. 154 00:07:48,600 --> 00:07:50,960 Speaker 2: Yeah, isn't it weird that a door or maybe it's 155 00:07:51,000 --> 00:07:53,880 Speaker 2: just me as a misin throat, but like the sound 156 00:07:53,960 --> 00:07:55,880 Speaker 2: of a doorbell now is not like oh, I wonder 157 00:07:55,880 --> 00:07:58,800 Speaker 2: who's here? It's a crap who's here? Right, because no 158 00:07:58,840 --> 00:07:59,560 Speaker 2: one just drops by. 159 00:07:59,520 --> 00:08:03,000 Speaker 1: Anymore, either that or like they know yeah yeah, yeah, 160 00:08:03,720 --> 00:08:08,400 Speaker 1: so chuck. The magnets that you typically have, like your 161 00:08:08,520 --> 00:08:12,760 Speaker 1: pizza Pizza boy magnet or like the circle ones are 162 00:08:12,800 --> 00:08:16,280 Speaker 1: probably the best example. Just a ring, that magnetic ring 163 00:08:16,720 --> 00:08:19,240 Speaker 1: that you see, yeah and grew up with. Those are 164 00:08:19,280 --> 00:08:23,640 Speaker 1: a specific type and they're called ceramic magnets, and they're 165 00:08:23,680 --> 00:08:27,400 Speaker 1: probably the weakest magnets commercially available, except for the pizza 166 00:08:27,440 --> 00:08:32,280 Speaker 1: slice ones, right, because that's almost like a sticker. 167 00:08:32,559 --> 00:08:35,240 Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean it's connected to or it's got a 168 00:08:36,600 --> 00:08:39,280 Speaker 2: you know, a topper on it, right with printing, Yeah, 169 00:08:39,320 --> 00:08:39,800 Speaker 2: a topper. 170 00:08:40,440 --> 00:08:44,720 Speaker 1: That's that's the find the top for the pizza slice tougher. 171 00:08:45,600 --> 00:08:49,360 Speaker 1: But with a ceramic magnet, it's it's magnetic material mixed 172 00:08:49,360 --> 00:08:54,000 Speaker 1: with ceramics and it kind of cuts it and it 173 00:08:54,080 --> 00:08:55,200 Speaker 1: makes it a little weak. 174 00:08:55,559 --> 00:08:57,160 Speaker 2: Yeah, but good enough to stick on a fridge, which 175 00:08:57,160 --> 00:08:57,920 Speaker 2: is all you're looking for. 176 00:08:58,240 --> 00:08:59,960 Speaker 1: And it's cheap very cheap. 177 00:09:00,559 --> 00:09:03,480 Speaker 2: You already mentioned the Alnico magnets, which are more expensive 178 00:09:04,080 --> 00:09:07,040 Speaker 2: and like you said, aluminum, nickel, and cobalt, and they 179 00:09:07,080 --> 00:09:10,839 Speaker 2: are stronger than ceramic obviously, but not as strong as 180 00:09:10,920 --> 00:09:16,360 Speaker 2: the ones we're about to talk about, like neodymium magnets, yeah, 181 00:09:16,720 --> 00:09:20,599 Speaker 2: or Samarium Samarium. 182 00:09:21,160 --> 00:09:27,400 Speaker 1: You've gotta be kidding Samarium, Okay, Samarium. Both of those 183 00:09:27,679 --> 00:09:32,320 Speaker 1: magnets incorporate rare earth metals, yeah, which are extremely magnetic, 184 00:09:32,960 --> 00:09:36,640 Speaker 1: or when combining an alloy can be magnetic. 185 00:09:36,160 --> 00:09:38,680 Speaker 2: That's true. And now they even have and this is 186 00:09:38,679 --> 00:09:42,559 Speaker 2: something I never knew, They have plastic magnets called magnetic polymers, 187 00:09:43,760 --> 00:09:45,880 Speaker 2: and I guess those are used in just very certain 188 00:09:45,920 --> 00:09:48,880 Speaker 2: applications like cold tempature applications. 189 00:09:49,040 --> 00:09:53,720 Speaker 1: Yeah, or maybe that's what's on your pizza slice magnet or. 190 00:09:53,679 --> 00:09:56,720 Speaker 2: It says they pick up very only very lightweight things 191 00:09:56,760 --> 00:09:58,440 Speaker 2: like iron filling. So I wonder if that's what you 192 00:09:58,559 --> 00:10:03,480 Speaker 2: use with like your You remember the little little toy 193 00:10:03,559 --> 00:10:06,680 Speaker 2: kids thing where you could had a guy's face and 194 00:10:06,960 --> 00:10:08,840 Speaker 2: had the little iron fillings and you can move it 195 00:10:08,880 --> 00:10:11,600 Speaker 2: around and make a beard or a mustache or whatever. 196 00:10:11,679 --> 00:10:13,240 Speaker 1: Sure, I bet that's what that is. What was that 197 00:10:13,360 --> 00:10:17,120 Speaker 1: called I don't know, old timey toy number two seventy three. 198 00:10:17,040 --> 00:10:19,760 Speaker 2: Not a etch a sketch, not a hugo, something like that. 199 00:10:19,840 --> 00:10:22,400 Speaker 1: And why was it that anybody who had a beard 200 00:10:22,800 --> 00:10:25,760 Speaker 1: from the nineteen forties to the nineteen sixties, any child's 201 00:10:25,760 --> 00:10:30,160 Speaker 1: toy was like the most disturbing looking creature you could 202 00:10:30,200 --> 00:10:33,160 Speaker 1: come up with. You think, Oh, yeah, have you ever 203 00:10:33,200 --> 00:10:35,959 Speaker 1: heard of rushed in dolls? No, they had. They were 204 00:10:36,000 --> 00:10:38,440 Speaker 1: this very successful toy company, and they came out with 205 00:10:38,480 --> 00:10:41,240 Speaker 1: a line of hobo dolls that were like the scariest 206 00:10:41,240 --> 00:10:43,679 Speaker 1: things you've ever seen in your life. Of course, like 207 00:10:43,720 --> 00:10:46,440 Speaker 1: they were meant to damage children obviously. 208 00:10:46,240 --> 00:10:50,079 Speaker 2: Oh, keep them from hopping trains, probably, I guess you know, yeah, 209 00:10:50,720 --> 00:10:53,520 Speaker 2: play with it at home out on the road, yeah, if. 210 00:10:53,360 --> 00:10:54,280 Speaker 1: You hop trains. 211 00:10:54,320 --> 00:10:54,760 Speaker 2: Interesting. 212 00:11:14,240 --> 00:11:16,280 Speaker 1: Let's see, Oh, I made a blog post actually called 213 00:11:16,320 --> 00:11:19,560 Speaker 1: twenty seven of the most unintentionally terrifying dolls You've ever 214 00:11:19,600 --> 00:11:20,600 Speaker 1: seen or ever created. 215 00:11:20,760 --> 00:11:22,440 Speaker 2: That's like almost every doll in my opinion. 216 00:11:22,520 --> 00:11:24,040 Speaker 1: You should see the slide to It's pretty good. 217 00:11:24,120 --> 00:11:24,760 Speaker 2: I'll check it out. 218 00:11:25,320 --> 00:11:27,679 Speaker 1: Okay, So let's talk about making magnets chuckers. 219 00:11:27,960 --> 00:11:31,679 Speaker 2: All right, Well, you talked about loadstone form of magnetite, 220 00:11:31,679 --> 00:11:35,720 Speaker 2: and that is, you know, the natural, strongest natural magnet, right. 221 00:11:35,640 --> 00:11:38,560 Speaker 1: You don't have to do anything no to it. So 222 00:11:39,000 --> 00:11:41,120 Speaker 1: I guess the discovery of loadstone and the fact that 223 00:11:41,160 --> 00:11:44,199 Speaker 1: it attracted metals made people start to tinker around with it. 224 00:11:44,640 --> 00:11:48,480 Speaker 1: And I guess around the twelfth century people figured out 225 00:11:48,520 --> 00:11:51,240 Speaker 1: that if you took a little iron pin and you 226 00:11:51,280 --> 00:11:54,280 Speaker 1: took some loadstone and you petted it in the same direction, 227 00:11:55,559 --> 00:12:00,800 Speaker 1: preferably in a north northern direction, like, you could magnetize 228 00:12:00,840 --> 00:12:03,560 Speaker 1: that iron filling and if you suspended it in something 229 00:12:03,679 --> 00:12:06,319 Speaker 1: like water in a leaf. For anyone who's seen that 230 00:12:06,400 --> 00:12:14,480 Speaker 1: movie with Alec Baldwin and Anthony Hopkins, The Edge, Oh yeah, yeah, 231 00:12:14,559 --> 00:12:17,000 Speaker 1: they magnetize like a needle and put it in like 232 00:12:17,280 --> 00:12:19,880 Speaker 1: a water filled leaf in it they figure out which 233 00:12:19,880 --> 00:12:20,560 Speaker 1: way's north through. 234 00:12:20,520 --> 00:12:21,760 Speaker 2: I knew I had seen that before. 235 00:12:21,880 --> 00:12:27,760 Speaker 1: So that's basically magnetizing a pin using loadstone. That's how 236 00:12:27,800 --> 00:12:29,319 Speaker 1: the earliest compasses were made. 237 00:12:29,640 --> 00:12:31,840 Speaker 2: Very cool. Yeah, So what's going on here, and this 238 00:12:31,920 --> 00:12:34,360 Speaker 2: is sort of the basis, and we'll break it down 239 00:12:34,360 --> 00:12:37,120 Speaker 2: to it, like you said, a more molecular level. Yeah, 240 00:12:37,160 --> 00:12:39,760 Speaker 2: but what's going on here is something known as a 241 00:12:39,800 --> 00:12:43,480 Speaker 2: region called a magnetic domain, and it is actually part 242 00:12:43,520 --> 00:12:48,240 Speaker 2: of the physical structure of any ferromagnetic material. So we're 243 00:12:48,240 --> 00:12:52,960 Speaker 2: talking again iron, cobalt, and nickel largely, and each one 244 00:12:53,160 --> 00:12:56,319 Speaker 2: is like its own tiny little magnet right there. It's 245 00:12:56,360 --> 00:12:58,600 Speaker 2: got its own little north pole, its own little south pole, 246 00:12:59,320 --> 00:13:04,480 Speaker 2: and they if it's unmagnetized, then this stuff is just 247 00:13:04,520 --> 00:13:06,880 Speaker 2: going to be random and pointing in all different directions. 248 00:13:06,960 --> 00:13:09,360 Speaker 1: Right. The domain has its own north and south pole, 249 00:13:09,400 --> 00:13:12,160 Speaker 1: but it's not necessarily aligned with the north and south 250 00:13:12,160 --> 00:13:12,800 Speaker 1: pole on Earth. 251 00:13:12,880 --> 00:13:15,480 Speaker 2: Right, they're just kind of a skew if it's magnetized, 252 00:13:15,640 --> 00:13:17,360 Speaker 2: all pointing in the same direction. 253 00:13:17,480 --> 00:13:20,520 Speaker 1: Right, Yes, that's pretty much all you have to do 254 00:13:20,600 --> 00:13:24,320 Speaker 1: is figure out how to get all of those magnetic 255 00:13:24,360 --> 00:13:27,559 Speaker 1: domains to align in the same north south line. 256 00:13:27,600 --> 00:13:29,480 Speaker 2: Yeah, because if they're not, they're just canceling each other 257 00:13:29,520 --> 00:13:30,640 Speaker 2: out exactly. 258 00:13:31,040 --> 00:13:34,360 Speaker 1: So the more domains that you have pointing in the 259 00:13:34,360 --> 00:13:40,120 Speaker 1: same direction, the more powerful magnet you have. And in 260 00:13:40,160 --> 00:13:42,160 Speaker 1: each of these little domains you can just kind of 261 00:13:42,200 --> 00:13:43,960 Speaker 1: I almost see it as like a little pocket in 262 00:13:44,000 --> 00:13:50,840 Speaker 1: the molecular makeup of this, Like an iron the north 263 00:13:51,000 --> 00:13:53,720 Speaker 1: pole of one domain flows into the south pole of 264 00:13:53,760 --> 00:13:54,800 Speaker 1: the domain in front of it. 265 00:13:54,880 --> 00:13:55,240 Speaker 2: That's right. 266 00:13:55,280 --> 00:13:57,520 Speaker 1: If they're all aligned and you add a bunch of 267 00:13:57,559 --> 00:14:01,319 Speaker 1: these up, they produce one large field for the magnet 268 00:14:01,360 --> 00:14:01,880 Speaker 1: as a whole. 269 00:14:02,040 --> 00:14:04,640 Speaker 2: Yeah, right, yeah, which explains why if you you know, 270 00:14:05,160 --> 00:14:06,920 Speaker 2: if you do the old trick in elementary school, where 271 00:14:06,920 --> 00:14:09,240 Speaker 2: you bring one magnet close to the other one, it'll 272 00:14:09,280 --> 00:14:12,160 Speaker 2: either repel it or you know, snap it together like 273 00:14:12,280 --> 00:14:13,440 Speaker 2: one larger magnet. 274 00:14:13,559 --> 00:14:17,520 Speaker 1: Right, because the force, this magnetic force is going into 275 00:14:17,760 --> 00:14:20,680 Speaker 1: out of the north pole of the magnet and into 276 00:14:20,800 --> 00:14:22,760 Speaker 1: the south pole of the magnet in front of it. 277 00:14:22,880 --> 00:14:24,880 Speaker 2: Something very dirty about that, it is, right. 278 00:14:26,040 --> 00:14:28,560 Speaker 1: Or if you take the north pole of one magnet 279 00:14:28,640 --> 00:14:30,440 Speaker 1: north pole of another magnet, you put them together, they 280 00:14:30,440 --> 00:14:33,960 Speaker 1: repello another because their magnetic forces are flowing in opposite 281 00:14:33,960 --> 00:14:37,160 Speaker 1: directions and pushing one another apart. Which is kind of 282 00:14:37,160 --> 00:14:40,120 Speaker 1: funny because this is how magnets work. But it bears 283 00:14:40,120 --> 00:14:42,680 Speaker 1: such a striking resemblance to like something they would have 284 00:14:42,680 --> 00:14:45,040 Speaker 1: come up with in the fifteenth century, like yeah, the 285 00:14:45,840 --> 00:14:47,600 Speaker 1: force flowing out. 286 00:14:47,680 --> 00:14:49,880 Speaker 2: Yeah, this invisible force, right, Yeah. 287 00:14:49,600 --> 00:14:53,160 Speaker 1: It's witchery. And this is why magnets won't be brought together. 288 00:14:52,960 --> 00:14:54,880 Speaker 2: Like people would come and drag us out of here 289 00:14:54,880 --> 00:14:56,080 Speaker 2: and toss us in a lake to see if we 290 00:14:56,160 --> 00:14:59,520 Speaker 2: float a perfect So we could stop there and you 291 00:14:59,520 --> 00:15:03,080 Speaker 2: would have a pretty good idea of things, but we won't. No, 292 00:15:03,320 --> 00:15:04,080 Speaker 2: we'll continue on. 293 00:15:04,560 --> 00:15:07,280 Speaker 1: Okay, we'll go a little a little more in detail. 294 00:15:07,360 --> 00:15:10,040 Speaker 2: Huh, that's right. If you want to make a magnet, 295 00:15:09,680 --> 00:15:13,800 Speaker 2: you have to get all these magnetic domains flowing in 296 00:15:13,840 --> 00:15:16,080 Speaker 2: the same direction, just like we were talking about earlier. 297 00:15:16,080 --> 00:15:19,000 Speaker 2: When you rub the needle on the magnet, you expose 298 00:15:19,040 --> 00:15:21,280 Speaker 2: it to this magnetic field and we're get in these 299 00:15:21,280 --> 00:15:24,240 Speaker 2: suckers to align in the same way and then boom. 300 00:15:24,560 --> 00:15:26,200 Speaker 2: That is one way that you can get a. 301 00:15:26,120 --> 00:15:29,080 Speaker 1: Magnet, right, and there's different ways of doing this. You 302 00:15:29,240 --> 00:15:31,680 Speaker 1: place it in a magnetic field in the north south direction. 303 00:15:32,240 --> 00:15:34,320 Speaker 1: You can hold it in north south direction and hit 304 00:15:34,360 --> 00:15:35,000 Speaker 1: it at the hammer. 305 00:15:35,080 --> 00:15:35,920 Speaker 2: Yeah, that's crazy. 306 00:15:36,720 --> 00:15:39,240 Speaker 1: It is a little crazy, like you're physically jarring these 307 00:15:39,280 --> 00:15:42,920 Speaker 1: domains into alignments. They're like, huh, yeah, okay, I'll point 308 00:15:42,960 --> 00:15:46,040 Speaker 1: this way then, or you can pass an electrical current 309 00:15:46,080 --> 00:15:46,400 Speaker 1: through it. 310 00:15:46,560 --> 00:15:47,360 Speaker 2: That's kind of a cheat. 311 00:15:47,480 --> 00:15:50,920 Speaker 1: And they think that this is where loadstone came from. 312 00:15:50,960 --> 00:15:57,080 Speaker 1: Either it was when this rock formed, the magnetite formed 313 00:15:58,040 --> 00:16:02,480 Speaker 1: from a lava. It was aligned with the north south 314 00:16:02,520 --> 00:16:06,400 Speaker 1: pole of the Earth, so it became magnetized. Yeah, or 315 00:16:06,520 --> 00:16:08,680 Speaker 1: it was struck by lightning, so an electrical current path 316 00:16:08,760 --> 00:16:11,000 Speaker 1: through it, that'd be pretty cool, and it became magnetized 317 00:16:11,000 --> 00:16:14,320 Speaker 1: as a result, And that seems likely, right, But today 318 00:16:14,400 --> 00:16:17,240 Speaker 1: the most common method of making magnets is to place 319 00:16:17,240 --> 00:16:20,520 Speaker 1: them in a very strong magnetic field. Yeah and baa 320 00:16:20,520 --> 00:16:23,560 Speaker 1: boom bata bing their domains start to wind up. 321 00:16:23,640 --> 00:16:25,720 Speaker 2: But yeah, there's gonna be a little delay though. Yeah, 322 00:16:25,760 --> 00:16:28,440 Speaker 2: and I saw this like on a on a YouTube 323 00:16:28,680 --> 00:16:30,240 Speaker 2: video of this guy. There's a really good one. I 324 00:16:30,240 --> 00:16:31,840 Speaker 2: can't remember what it was called where the guy broke 325 00:16:31,880 --> 00:16:34,280 Speaker 2: it down. I always whenever it's stuff I don't understand, 326 00:16:34,800 --> 00:16:38,200 Speaker 2: I always type kid science and then then I look 327 00:16:38,240 --> 00:16:40,280 Speaker 2: and see what videos are availab Yeah, yeah, no, it's good. 328 00:16:40,280 --> 00:16:43,240 Speaker 2: It really helps out. Yeah, but there will be a 329 00:16:43,280 --> 00:16:49,680 Speaker 2: delay and called hysteresis or hysteresis, and uh, that's basically 330 00:16:49,720 --> 00:16:52,720 Speaker 2: just the time it takes for these for the field 331 00:16:52,720 --> 00:16:55,280 Speaker 2: to change direction and I'll align itself. 332 00:16:55,040 --> 00:16:58,320 Speaker 1: Right, because when you get these domains going, the ones 333 00:16:58,360 --> 00:17:03,280 Speaker 1: that aren't already lined up on a north south pole, Yeah, 334 00:17:03,640 --> 00:17:06,280 Speaker 1: they just rotate around and do a little crazy spinning 335 00:17:06,400 --> 00:17:08,919 Speaker 1: until they land on it, right, And the ones that 336 00:17:09,000 --> 00:17:13,200 Speaker 1: are already aligned north south are they grow. 337 00:17:13,040 --> 00:17:14,960 Speaker 2: Bigger, Yeah, become more robust, I guess. 338 00:17:15,040 --> 00:17:17,520 Speaker 1: Yeah. And as a result other ones, the walls between 339 00:17:17,880 --> 00:17:24,200 Speaker 1: smaller domains will shrink, and so you have large north 340 00:17:24,240 --> 00:17:27,000 Speaker 1: south domains and then even the smaller ones are now 341 00:17:27,040 --> 00:17:31,560 Speaker 1: probably polarized along that north south line. Yeah, and you 342 00:17:31,600 --> 00:17:32,880 Speaker 1: have just created a magnet. 343 00:17:33,040 --> 00:17:34,679 Speaker 2: Yeah. And here's what I think was one of the 344 00:17:34,720 --> 00:17:38,479 Speaker 2: really cooler aspects of this is how strong your magnet 345 00:17:38,600 --> 00:17:41,480 Speaker 2: is depends on how hard it was to get these 346 00:17:41,480 --> 00:17:42,920 Speaker 2: domains to move in that direction. 347 00:17:43,200 --> 00:17:43,640 Speaker 1: Yeah. 348 00:17:43,680 --> 00:17:47,880 Speaker 2: And the harder it is, the longer it will stay magnetized, 349 00:17:48,119 --> 00:17:51,080 Speaker 2: which sort of makes sense. It's almost like that it 350 00:17:51,200 --> 00:17:53,840 Speaker 2: was so stubborn to get going, but then once you 351 00:17:53,960 --> 00:17:55,800 Speaker 2: got it going in the right direction, it was then 352 00:17:55,840 --> 00:17:58,520 Speaker 2: stubborn undoing it at that action. 353 00:17:58,560 --> 00:18:01,720 Speaker 1: Right, which kind of makes you wonder like if over 354 00:18:02,000 --> 00:18:05,960 Speaker 1: enough of a time span, well, any magnetized material eventually 355 00:18:06,040 --> 00:18:10,360 Speaker 1: lose its magnetism, oh, just left alone. Yeah, huh, that's 356 00:18:10,359 --> 00:18:12,800 Speaker 1: a good question. Uh. There are things you can do 357 00:18:12,840 --> 00:18:15,920 Speaker 1: to demagnetize things. You could take a magnet and put 358 00:18:15,920 --> 00:18:19,479 Speaker 1: it in a magnetic field that's polarized the opposite direction. 359 00:18:19,640 --> 00:18:20,560 Speaker 2: Yeah, it's kind of mean. 360 00:18:20,960 --> 00:18:24,359 Speaker 1: Yeah, you can. You can boil it alive, which is 361 00:18:24,359 --> 00:18:27,120 Speaker 1: also very mean, and heat it to the point where 362 00:18:27,119 --> 00:18:28,440 Speaker 1: it loses its magnetism. 363 00:18:28,720 --> 00:18:31,439 Speaker 2: Yeah, the curey point. The guy in the video tested this. 364 00:18:31,560 --> 00:18:34,959 Speaker 2: He had a paper clip on a string tied to 365 00:18:35,240 --> 00:18:37,880 Speaker 2: the table and then the magnet was like a foot off, 366 00:18:37,920 --> 00:18:40,800 Speaker 2: so it was just like throwing and then he took 367 00:18:40,840 --> 00:18:45,160 Speaker 2: a is it a Jerry Lewis? Then he said, Dan, 368 00:18:45,320 --> 00:18:48,600 Speaker 2: bring me a lighter, and he got a lighter and 369 00:18:49,080 --> 00:18:51,240 Speaker 2: heat it up the paper clip and then you see 370 00:18:51,240 --> 00:18:54,040 Speaker 2: it start to shake and then eventually it just poop fell. 371 00:18:55,040 --> 00:18:56,600 Speaker 1: That is a weird story. 372 00:18:56,560 --> 00:19:00,080 Speaker 2: Yeah, he demagnetized it. Yeah he did using the cure. 373 00:19:02,160 --> 00:19:05,560 Speaker 1: So okay, again we could stop here. I think everybody 374 00:19:05,640 --> 00:19:09,879 Speaker 1: understands how magnets work, right, Like, there's little magnetic domains 375 00:19:09,920 --> 00:19:13,160 Speaker 1: that are in all kinds of crazy directions and then 376 00:19:13,200 --> 00:19:15,800 Speaker 1: when you expose them to a magnetic field, they line 377 00:19:15,840 --> 00:19:19,080 Speaker 1: up together and they produce their own magnetic field around 378 00:19:19,119 --> 00:19:22,199 Speaker 1: that magnetic material and then there you go. It flows 379 00:19:22,600 --> 00:19:26,880 Speaker 1: out of the north and into the south. Magnets, right, I. 380 00:19:26,800 --> 00:19:29,080 Speaker 2: Would like to see a survey. Wish you could take 381 00:19:29,080 --> 00:19:31,800 Speaker 2: an instant survey of people that you know, half of 382 00:19:31,840 --> 00:19:34,919 Speaker 2: them are going go, go go, and half of them 383 00:19:34,960 --> 00:19:37,639 Speaker 2: are like, I'm good. Right, that's all I need to 384 00:19:37,680 --> 00:19:39,360 Speaker 2: know about magnets, right, you. 385 00:19:39,359 --> 00:19:42,720 Speaker 1: Know, I think our listeners are pretty curious folk. 386 00:19:43,040 --> 00:19:47,000 Speaker 2: Okay, so we're going deeper in Tracy Wilson, who are 387 00:19:47,160 --> 00:19:51,760 Speaker 2: site manager here of stuff you miss in history class? Now, Yeah, 388 00:19:51,840 --> 00:19:54,440 Speaker 2: she wrote this one, and she's so thorough. She has 389 00:19:54,480 --> 00:19:58,800 Speaker 2: a very nice little pun in this section called shipping magnets. 390 00:19:59,080 --> 00:20:02,159 Speaker 2: Get it, oh, shipping magnet. 391 00:20:02,280 --> 00:20:04,359 Speaker 1: Yeah, I got it now, I didn't notice that before. 392 00:20:04,480 --> 00:20:06,680 Speaker 2: Yeah, it's a pun. What she's talking about in this 393 00:20:06,720 --> 00:20:10,600 Speaker 2: section though, is interesting in that very large magnets present 394 00:20:10,600 --> 00:20:13,159 Speaker 2: a lot of problems because they're super strong and you 395 00:20:13,160 --> 00:20:15,960 Speaker 2: can't just throw it on a truck and you know, 396 00:20:16,080 --> 00:20:18,880 Speaker 2: drive it across country. You know, it'll disrupt everything. Yeah, 397 00:20:18,920 --> 00:20:24,320 Speaker 2: so very specific precautions have to be taken when delivering 398 00:20:24,560 --> 00:20:29,679 Speaker 2: large magnets use for certain like industrial applications, one of 399 00:20:29,720 --> 00:20:33,159 Speaker 2: which is they have machines that because it'll pick up 400 00:20:33,240 --> 00:20:35,800 Speaker 2: all this ferrost material along the way, right, they have 401 00:20:35,840 --> 00:20:38,240 Speaker 2: machines when they get there to remove all that stuff. 402 00:20:38,320 --> 00:20:40,199 Speaker 1: Yeah, and I mean imagine if you're shipping it in 403 00:20:40,320 --> 00:20:43,080 Speaker 1: like a truck, and the truck is made of or 404 00:20:43,200 --> 00:20:45,959 Speaker 1: has some sort of iron alloy in it, Yeah, and 405 00:20:46,000 --> 00:20:48,600 Speaker 1: you have a huge industrial magnet. How are you going 406 00:20:48,640 --> 00:20:51,520 Speaker 1: to get that off of the truck? You're not exactly, 407 00:20:51,640 --> 00:20:55,560 Speaker 1: So they magnetize these materials on site typically, right, Oh, 408 00:20:55,600 --> 00:20:57,600 Speaker 1: is that what they do? That's what I understand, or 409 00:20:57,640 --> 00:21:01,280 Speaker 1: else they just rely almost exclusively on electromagnets, which become 410 00:21:01,320 --> 00:21:02,960 Speaker 1: magnetic when you pass it current through. 411 00:21:02,960 --> 00:21:05,960 Speaker 2: Other you can say, manpower, right, give me those ten. 412 00:21:06,080 --> 00:21:09,359 Speaker 1: American ingenuity, that's how you do it. 413 00:21:09,359 --> 00:21:13,919 Speaker 2: It stuck, sir. Right, Well, speaking of sticking, we're going 414 00:21:13,960 --> 00:21:16,280 Speaker 2: to break it down to the electrons, which. 415 00:21:16,200 --> 00:21:17,520 Speaker 1: The atomic level, this is. 416 00:21:17,440 --> 00:21:19,760 Speaker 2: Bound to happen, yeah, because that's really where it all starts. 417 00:21:19,760 --> 00:21:23,640 Speaker 1: Well, I was just saying, like electromagnets, they become magnetic 418 00:21:23,640 --> 00:21:26,000 Speaker 1: when you pass the field of electricity through them. Yeah, 419 00:21:26,400 --> 00:21:30,120 Speaker 1: or current, and all electrical current is a flow of electrons. 420 00:21:30,560 --> 00:21:35,160 Speaker 1: Movement of electrons produces electricity, and electricity and magnetism are 421 00:21:35,280 --> 00:21:38,840 Speaker 1: very much related. And this is why because on the 422 00:21:38,880 --> 00:21:44,000 Speaker 1: atomic level of a ferrous material, iron nickel, cobalt, right, 423 00:21:44,080 --> 00:21:46,320 Speaker 1: yause are the big ones, what's called. 424 00:21:46,200 --> 00:21:46,680 Speaker 2: The big three. 425 00:21:46,840 --> 00:21:52,640 Speaker 1: Well, let's let's talk specifically about iron. In an iron atom, 426 00:21:52,920 --> 00:21:57,600 Speaker 1: there are around its its orbit. In its orbit, there 427 00:21:57,640 --> 00:21:59,600 Speaker 1: are electrons moving around. 428 00:21:59,720 --> 00:22:02,760 Speaker 2: Yeah, would they spin downward or upward? 429 00:22:03,240 --> 00:22:05,680 Speaker 1: And typically they're paired. And when you have a pair 430 00:22:05,720 --> 00:22:09,520 Speaker 1: of electrons, one spinning upward, one spinning downward, there's there 431 00:22:09,600 --> 00:22:12,679 Speaker 1: never any other way. There's no pair of electrons that 432 00:22:12,760 --> 00:22:14,760 Speaker 1: both spin in the same direction. It is always opposite. 433 00:22:14,840 --> 00:22:17,400 Speaker 2: Yeah, and that's called the poly exclusion principles. 434 00:22:17,520 --> 00:22:21,919 Speaker 1: Yeah, just not possible, right exactly. So in iron, you 435 00:22:22,040 --> 00:22:27,000 Speaker 1: also have four unpaired electrons that all spin the same way. Now, 436 00:22:27,000 --> 00:22:30,440 Speaker 1: those ones that are paired and spinning the opposite direction, 437 00:22:30,520 --> 00:22:33,080 Speaker 1: they cancel one another out. Yeah, but these four spinning 438 00:22:33,080 --> 00:22:36,200 Speaker 1: the same way produce a magnetic field, a very very 439 00:22:36,280 --> 00:22:39,640 Speaker 1: very very very tiny magnetic field, but a magnetic field nonetheless. 440 00:22:39,720 --> 00:22:42,920 Speaker 2: Yeah, right, And this is very unusual for these unpaired 441 00:22:43,560 --> 00:22:46,120 Speaker 2: electrons to be spinning in the same direction. That's why 442 00:22:46,119 --> 00:22:48,720 Speaker 2: it only happens in things like iron, cobalt, and nickel. 443 00:22:48,520 --> 00:22:52,200 Speaker 1: Right exactly. That's what makes them ferromagnetic materials. Yeah, potentially 444 00:22:52,240 --> 00:22:55,800 Speaker 1: magnetic because they have these unpaired electrons that are spinning 445 00:22:55,800 --> 00:22:58,640 Speaker 1: in a certain direction. Right, that's right. And then because 446 00:22:58,680 --> 00:23:00,720 Speaker 1: these things are spinning the same direction, they attract other 447 00:23:00,760 --> 00:23:03,119 Speaker 1: atoms to kind of line up that are spinning in 448 00:23:03,119 --> 00:23:06,440 Speaker 1: the same direction, to line up nearby, and then those 449 00:23:06,480 --> 00:23:08,480 Speaker 1: create what domains. 450 00:23:08,440 --> 00:23:09,800 Speaker 2: Well, a moment, they have a moment. 451 00:23:10,040 --> 00:23:11,600 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, I forget the moment, just. 452 00:23:11,560 --> 00:23:15,600 Speaker 2: Call the orbital magnetic moment, and I get it. Maybe 453 00:23:15,640 --> 00:23:17,760 Speaker 2: that's just when they realize, hey, we're all we're all 454 00:23:17,880 --> 00:23:20,680 Speaker 2: partying in the same way. We're all spinning downward. 455 00:23:20,480 --> 00:23:22,360 Speaker 1: Right, and we all like slacks. 456 00:23:22,520 --> 00:23:25,240 Speaker 2: Yeah, and hey, we've got a magnetic feel all of 457 00:23:25,280 --> 00:23:27,840 Speaker 2: a sudden. It's small, but let's get a bunch of 458 00:23:27,920 --> 00:23:29,760 Speaker 2: other ones and let's create a larger one. Right. 459 00:23:29,800 --> 00:23:33,960 Speaker 1: And that moment is it's it describes the force, the 460 00:23:34,160 --> 00:23:36,879 Speaker 1: I guess, the power and the direction of the spin. 461 00:23:37,160 --> 00:23:37,520 Speaker 2: Yeah. 462 00:23:37,560 --> 00:23:39,320 Speaker 1: So yeah, when you have a bunch of them having 463 00:23:39,320 --> 00:23:42,679 Speaker 1: the same moment, they kind of line up around one another. 464 00:23:42,720 --> 00:23:48,240 Speaker 1: When when iron forms, that's right, And then that causes 465 00:23:48,280 --> 00:23:51,119 Speaker 1: the domain or that creates the little magnetic domains in 466 00:23:51,440 --> 00:23:52,840 Speaker 1: the material that's right. 467 00:23:53,080 --> 00:23:56,280 Speaker 2: Uh. And if you notice that materials that make good 468 00:23:56,320 --> 00:24:02,320 Speaker 2: magnets are the same materials that magnets attract, then it's 469 00:24:02,359 --> 00:24:05,800 Speaker 2: because they attract unpaired electrons that are spinning in that direction. 470 00:24:05,880 --> 00:24:09,399 Speaker 2: It's the same thing. And you can also have something 471 00:24:09,400 --> 00:24:15,040 Speaker 2: called dimagnetic which are unpaired electrons creating a field that 472 00:24:15,200 --> 00:24:20,679 Speaker 2: repels instead of attracts. And then some materials don't react at. 473 00:24:20,520 --> 00:24:22,560 Speaker 1: All with magnetics, like pinestraw. 474 00:24:23,760 --> 00:24:25,760 Speaker 2: I think now is the time for a word from 475 00:24:25,760 --> 00:24:46,040 Speaker 2: our sponsors. All right, back to magnets, because there's still 476 00:24:46,480 --> 00:24:47,120 Speaker 2: some more to go. 477 00:24:47,280 --> 00:24:50,560 Speaker 1: I mean, now everyone who's listening to this understands magnets 478 00:24:50,560 --> 00:24:54,960 Speaker 1: on a an atomic level. Yeah, it's the spin of electrons. 479 00:24:55,040 --> 00:24:59,520 Speaker 2: It's physics. Yeah, my favorite thing. Yeah, this one actually 480 00:24:59,560 --> 00:25:00,840 Speaker 2: appealed to more than usual. 481 00:25:00,960 --> 00:25:04,440 Speaker 1: Yeah, physics wise, same here. You know, Remember the physics 482 00:25:04,480 --> 00:25:06,359 Speaker 1: is surfing I do. 483 00:25:07,720 --> 00:25:11,320 Speaker 2: All right, So people measure magnets to see, you know, 484 00:25:11,440 --> 00:25:14,520 Speaker 2: how strong the magnetic field is using something called a 485 00:25:14,520 --> 00:25:22,280 Speaker 2: goss meter, and flux or webers are the what would. 486 00:25:22,040 --> 00:25:25,600 Speaker 1: You call that measure measure in webers? Okay, so flux 487 00:25:25,680 --> 00:25:28,439 Speaker 1: is a line of magnetic force coming out of it. 488 00:25:28,720 --> 00:25:29,760 Speaker 2: But I botch that. 489 00:25:29,760 --> 00:25:30,320 Speaker 1: That's all right? 490 00:25:30,720 --> 00:25:33,960 Speaker 2: Okay, So The density of the flux is measured in 491 00:25:34,359 --> 00:25:38,760 Speaker 2: either Tesla or gossip, with Tesla being ten thousand goths, 492 00:25:38,800 --> 00:25:41,040 Speaker 2: which is pretty cool that you get a unit of 493 00:25:41,040 --> 00:25:42,080 Speaker 2: measurement named after you. 494 00:25:42,400 --> 00:25:45,120 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, if you're Tesla, you better if you're Tesla. Sure, 495 00:25:45,280 --> 00:25:46,240 Speaker 1: a lot of cool stuff. 496 00:25:46,800 --> 00:25:49,000 Speaker 2: And you can also measure it in Weber's per square meter, 497 00:25:50,040 --> 00:25:51,960 Speaker 2: but really, who wants to do that? 498 00:25:52,119 --> 00:25:52,320 Speaker 1: Yeah? 499 00:25:52,800 --> 00:25:57,679 Speaker 2: Canada probably, And then the magnitude of the field is 500 00:25:57,720 --> 00:26:01,760 Speaker 2: measured in ampeers per meter or something called orsted. 501 00:26:02,240 --> 00:26:05,480 Speaker 1: Yeah. I like orsted, you know, I'm a fan of orsted, 502 00:26:05,880 --> 00:26:08,840 Speaker 1: and I also like flux and Tesla's pretty awesome too. 503 00:26:09,680 --> 00:26:13,560 Speaker 2: So where do we use magnets besides pizza reminders or 504 00:26:13,640 --> 00:26:16,680 Speaker 2: doorbells or doorbells or of course speakers. 505 00:26:16,840 --> 00:26:19,200 Speaker 1: We use them to if you were in the cassette 506 00:26:19,240 --> 00:26:22,480 Speaker 1: tapes back in the day, Yeah, brother, you were into magnets, 507 00:26:22,520 --> 00:26:27,240 Speaker 1: like yeah, yeah. We also use them again, encompasses, burglar alarms, 508 00:26:27,680 --> 00:26:30,360 Speaker 1: electric motors. We use them to provide torque. 509 00:26:30,800 --> 00:26:33,960 Speaker 2: Yeah, car speedometers. If you have an old fashioned cathode 510 00:26:34,000 --> 00:26:37,639 Speaker 2: ray tube television set, you're using magnets. Yep, did you 511 00:26:37,680 --> 00:26:38,480 Speaker 2: listen to cassettes? 512 00:26:38,520 --> 00:26:38,600 Speaker 1: What? 513 00:26:39,200 --> 00:26:39,480 Speaker 2: Sure? 514 00:26:39,520 --> 00:26:41,000 Speaker 1: Mans? I grew up in the eighties. 515 00:26:41,119 --> 00:26:43,639 Speaker 2: Okay, I was just I wasn't quite sure. You know, 516 00:26:43,680 --> 00:26:45,359 Speaker 2: you're a little younger, but I didn't know. No, I 517 00:26:45,400 --> 00:26:49,080 Speaker 2: was a late adopter. Oh of cassettes, well, no, of everything, 518 00:26:49,160 --> 00:26:50,720 Speaker 2: because what I would do is I would have a 519 00:26:50,720 --> 00:26:54,239 Speaker 2: big collection and then be like, I got all these records, right, 520 00:26:54,440 --> 00:26:55,960 Speaker 2: So I was late to cassettes, and then I had 521 00:26:56,000 --> 00:26:58,280 Speaker 2: all these cassettes. I didn't want to switch to CDs. Yeah, 522 00:26:58,359 --> 00:27:00,840 Speaker 2: until all my cassettes got stolen. Oh yeah, and I 523 00:27:00,840 --> 00:27:02,040 Speaker 2: was like, all right, I guess I'll get CDs. 524 00:27:02,040 --> 00:27:04,320 Speaker 1: Now, get them going CDs. Yeah, yeah, No, I was 525 00:27:04,359 --> 00:27:08,440 Speaker 1: there for the big transition from cassettes two CDs. Sure, 526 00:27:08,800 --> 00:27:12,240 Speaker 1: remember like they were across the board twenty dollars nineteen ninety. 527 00:27:12,040 --> 00:27:14,440 Speaker 2: Nine, free d in the big box too, remember what 528 00:27:14,680 --> 00:27:16,439 Speaker 2: I waste? 529 00:27:16,960 --> 00:27:19,679 Speaker 1: See look at that maglev trains. 530 00:27:20,119 --> 00:27:22,080 Speaker 2: Yeah, we talked about this. We have a cool one 531 00:27:22,080 --> 00:27:26,560 Speaker 2: of our little one minute live action shorts online. We uh, 532 00:27:26,680 --> 00:27:28,879 Speaker 2: maybe I'll post this when we release this. But the 533 00:27:28,920 --> 00:27:32,800 Speaker 2: mag lev train system and a lot of roller coasters 534 00:27:32,800 --> 00:27:34,960 Speaker 2: and things like that use super magnets too. 535 00:27:34,960 --> 00:27:36,040 Speaker 1: I don't remember that one. 536 00:27:36,240 --> 00:27:39,680 Speaker 2: Yeah, the maglev train uses it. To propel the train forward. Yeah, 537 00:27:39,840 --> 00:27:42,120 Speaker 2: and don't roller coasters use magnets for breaking a lot 538 00:27:42,119 --> 00:27:42,560 Speaker 2: of times? 539 00:27:42,760 --> 00:27:45,480 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, like new ones, Yeah, the good ones. 540 00:27:45,520 --> 00:27:46,400 Speaker 2: You don't remember that one. 541 00:27:46,840 --> 00:27:50,800 Speaker 1: No, we did like a dozen of them in four days. Okay, 542 00:27:51,240 --> 00:27:52,960 Speaker 1: I don't remember that one. I'll send it to you 543 00:27:53,320 --> 00:27:57,040 Speaker 1: the thank you. The magnetosphere is a part of our atmosphere. 544 00:27:57,240 --> 00:27:59,680 Speaker 1: I guess it's outside of the atmosphere, but it surrounds 545 00:27:59,720 --> 00:28:02,679 Speaker 1: Earth in a protective layer that protects it from charged 546 00:28:02,720 --> 00:28:06,200 Speaker 1: ions known as solar winds. And when these solar winds 547 00:28:06,200 --> 00:28:09,359 Speaker 1: come in contact with the magnetosphere, you get something that's 548 00:28:09,400 --> 00:28:13,119 Speaker 1: called the northern or southern lights. Ah, that's what that is. 549 00:28:14,000 --> 00:28:15,720 Speaker 2: I knew. We talked about that at some point. 550 00:28:15,600 --> 00:28:16,880 Speaker 1: In another short, that's right. 551 00:28:17,040 --> 00:28:20,240 Speaker 2: Yeah. And then our favorite, of course, the Wonder Machine, 552 00:28:20,640 --> 00:28:24,159 Speaker 2: would not be possible without magnets because it is magnetic 553 00:28:24,600 --> 00:28:25,919 Speaker 2: resonance imaging. 554 00:28:26,200 --> 00:28:29,040 Speaker 1: Right, you know, and just be resonance imaging without it. 555 00:28:29,560 --> 00:28:33,040 Speaker 2: Yeah, there's no fun in that. And then doctor sometimes 556 00:28:33,119 --> 00:28:37,399 Speaker 2: use pulse electro magnetic fields to actually heal broken bones 557 00:28:37,440 --> 00:28:38,360 Speaker 2: that haven't healed correctly. 558 00:28:38,480 --> 00:28:41,600 Speaker 1: Yeah, amazing, I looked into this. They have no idea 559 00:28:41,600 --> 00:28:43,320 Speaker 1: how it works on a molecular level. 560 00:28:43,440 --> 00:28:43,880 Speaker 2: Oh really. 561 00:28:43,920 --> 00:28:48,560 Speaker 1: All they know is that if you expose bone or tissue. 562 00:28:48,680 --> 00:28:53,120 Speaker 1: I think bones, more bone and muscle maybe are easier 563 00:28:53,160 --> 00:28:57,360 Speaker 1: to grow to an electromagnetic pulse, it grows. Even if 564 00:28:57,400 --> 00:29:02,280 Speaker 1: it like it hasn't healed under after surgery any other procedure, 565 00:29:02,840 --> 00:29:06,160 Speaker 1: if you hit it with an electromagnetic pulse, it'll you'll 566 00:29:06,200 --> 00:29:08,240 Speaker 1: get a reaction. And they're figuring out how to put 567 00:29:08,240 --> 00:29:12,320 Speaker 1: this in garments for astronauts. Yeah, because you have you 568 00:29:12,360 --> 00:29:16,760 Speaker 1: suffer substantial bone loss on a very long micro gravity flight. 569 00:29:17,880 --> 00:29:20,040 Speaker 1: So they're figuring out how to weave it into their 570 00:29:20,080 --> 00:29:23,280 Speaker 1: clothes so their clothes can get can blast them with 571 00:29:23,640 --> 00:29:26,880 Speaker 1: an electromagnetic pulse to make sure they're bone density keeps up. 572 00:29:27,000 --> 00:29:27,280 Speaker 2: Wow. 573 00:29:27,440 --> 00:29:29,560 Speaker 1: Yeah, that's pretty cool. But they don't know why it works. 574 00:29:29,560 --> 00:29:30,520 Speaker 1: They just know it works. 575 00:29:31,400 --> 00:29:36,080 Speaker 2: Cows are pretty happy they're magnets because there's this horrific 576 00:29:36,120 --> 00:29:41,080 Speaker 2: thing called traumatic you know, we'll just call it hardware disease. 577 00:29:42,080 --> 00:29:45,360 Speaker 2: And this is when when cows eat small metal objects 578 00:29:45,400 --> 00:29:48,760 Speaker 2: that are in their food. And it's pretty awful that 579 00:29:48,760 --> 00:29:51,480 Speaker 2: that happens. But luckily they have a cow magnet to 580 00:29:51,520 --> 00:29:54,920 Speaker 2: feed them, and it I guess gathers up all this 581 00:29:54,920 --> 00:29:56,320 Speaker 2: stuff and then they poop it out. 582 00:29:57,320 --> 00:29:59,800 Speaker 1: They I'll bet that's horrible to poop out, isn't that 583 00:29:59,840 --> 00:30:02,240 Speaker 1: what happens? Or it punctures? Oh the magnet? 584 00:30:02,480 --> 00:30:04,320 Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean the poop the magnet out. 585 00:30:04,400 --> 00:30:04,800 Speaker 1: I don't know. 586 00:30:04,880 --> 00:30:06,880 Speaker 2: It surely doesn't just stay in the body, does it. 587 00:30:07,080 --> 00:30:07,520 Speaker 1: I don't know. 588 00:30:08,000 --> 00:30:09,160 Speaker 2: All right, I'm gonna have to look into that. 589 00:30:09,200 --> 00:30:12,360 Speaker 1: Some more people are known to put their arms into 590 00:30:12,400 --> 00:30:15,080 Speaker 1: cows rears. 591 00:30:15,480 --> 00:30:18,760 Speaker 2: Yeah, no, we that some of them have a hole 592 00:30:18,800 --> 00:30:20,760 Speaker 2: cut in their side, remember, so they can examine their stomach. 593 00:30:20,800 --> 00:30:23,120 Speaker 1: Yeah, the one with the porthole. Yeah, yeah, that's pretty cool. 594 00:30:23,240 --> 00:30:26,840 Speaker 1: I'm gonna try this one, traumatic reticulo pericarditis. 595 00:30:27,360 --> 00:30:31,720 Speaker 2: You practice that beforehand? Well done, So there's nothing wrong 596 00:30:31,760 --> 00:30:35,040 Speaker 2: with that. Yeah, some people might think practicing hard words 597 00:30:35,040 --> 00:30:37,680 Speaker 2: before you do a professionally released audio program are a 598 00:30:37,720 --> 00:30:38,160 Speaker 2: good thing. 599 00:30:39,400 --> 00:30:42,760 Speaker 1: If if a human swallows a magnet, that's not good. 600 00:30:43,080 --> 00:30:43,920 Speaker 2: Yeah, you don't want to do that. 601 00:30:44,000 --> 00:30:47,720 Speaker 1: Cows intestines and stomachs are different than humans and testines 602 00:30:47,720 --> 00:30:50,840 Speaker 1: and stomachs, and if we swallow, especially more than one magnet, 603 00:30:51,120 --> 00:30:54,840 Speaker 1: they will basically clamp your entrails together and you will 604 00:30:54,840 --> 00:30:56,800 Speaker 1: be in big trouble and you'll have to undergo surgery 605 00:30:56,840 --> 00:30:57,600 Speaker 1: to have them removed. 606 00:30:57,800 --> 00:31:01,120 Speaker 2: Yeah, so that's no good parents caution to when your 607 00:31:01,160 --> 00:31:03,160 Speaker 2: kids are playing with magnets because kids like to swallow 608 00:31:03,160 --> 00:31:04,040 Speaker 2: things they shouldn't swallow. 609 00:31:04,160 --> 00:31:09,520 Speaker 1: Yeah. And since we talked about electromagnetic pulses being capable 610 00:31:09,560 --> 00:31:12,960 Speaker 1: of spurring bone loss, is. 611 00:31:12,960 --> 00:31:17,360 Speaker 2: It boning or growing man spurning bone loss spurring bone growth? 612 00:31:17,880 --> 00:31:22,560 Speaker 1: Thank you? You would think that people wearing like magnetic 613 00:31:22,600 --> 00:31:26,080 Speaker 1: bracelets or magnetic insuls are getting some sort of benefit. 614 00:31:26,160 --> 00:31:29,200 Speaker 1: There's no there's no study that's ever shown that those 615 00:31:29,240 --> 00:31:31,600 Speaker 1: things actually help. Although there's a lot of people out 616 00:31:31,640 --> 00:31:34,640 Speaker 1: there who believe in static magnetic therapy, which is just 617 00:31:34,920 --> 00:31:38,240 Speaker 1: a magnet on your skin. There's no pulse or anything 618 00:31:38,360 --> 00:31:41,560 Speaker 1: going off, and they think that possibly the people who 619 00:31:41,800 --> 00:31:45,400 Speaker 1: are adherents to this think that it's either attracting iron 620 00:31:45,440 --> 00:31:48,400 Speaker 1: in the hemoglobin that kind of makes sense to improve circulation, 621 00:31:49,200 --> 00:31:53,680 Speaker 1: or it has some sort of effect on the cellular 622 00:31:53,760 --> 00:31:57,920 Speaker 1: structure in the body, right, and that that's why it 623 00:31:58,080 --> 00:32:02,800 Speaker 1: helps your back in so help your back, or a bracelet. 624 00:32:02,400 --> 00:32:03,280 Speaker 2: Helps your arthritis. 625 00:32:03,400 --> 00:32:06,440 Speaker 1: Yeah, but again there's no studies that suggest this. 626 00:32:06,680 --> 00:32:10,360 Speaker 2: Well, it's big money. Americans alone spend about five hundred 627 00:32:10,360 --> 00:32:14,000 Speaker 2: million per year on this kind of thing, and worldwide 628 00:32:14,040 --> 00:32:17,360 Speaker 2: about five billion dollars a year on magnetic treatment. So 629 00:32:17,640 --> 00:32:20,600 Speaker 2: the b Yeah, that's a lot of dough, it is. 630 00:32:21,120 --> 00:32:24,360 Speaker 2: And then there was one more thing. Magnetized drinking water 631 00:32:24,520 --> 00:32:28,240 Speaker 2: is a thing now to treat ailments, and I think 632 00:32:28,280 --> 00:32:31,760 Speaker 2: that they have not shown in clinical trials that that's 633 00:32:31,760 --> 00:32:32,400 Speaker 2: been proven either. 634 00:32:32,640 --> 00:32:36,480 Speaker 1: Rest of the minerals in drinking water are not ferromagnetic, 635 00:32:36,600 --> 00:32:38,479 Speaker 1: so to begin with, we didn't have anything to do 636 00:32:38,520 --> 00:32:38,840 Speaker 1: with it. 637 00:32:39,040 --> 00:32:41,600 Speaker 2: And they found that in clinical trials a lot of 638 00:32:41,600 --> 00:32:46,000 Speaker 2: the positive benefits come from placebo maybe or a passage 639 00:32:46,040 --> 00:32:49,840 Speaker 2: of time, or maybe the fact that these insult cushionings 640 00:32:49,840 --> 00:32:52,320 Speaker 2: are just better made and more padded to begin with. 641 00:32:52,800 --> 00:33:00,000 Speaker 1: There's also apparently a device that removes hard water, yeah, 642 00:33:00,040 --> 00:33:05,200 Speaker 1: minerals from water using magnets, but apparently, again it's not 643 00:33:05,280 --> 00:33:08,040 Speaker 1: really doing anything as far as consumer report says in 644 00:33:08,080 --> 00:33:09,000 Speaker 1: a two year study. 645 00:33:09,160 --> 00:33:12,640 Speaker 2: Yeah, we had a water softener when I lived in Yuma. Yeah, 646 00:33:12,640 --> 00:33:14,040 Speaker 2: and I'd never heard of that, and I was like, 647 00:33:14,040 --> 00:33:16,520 Speaker 2: oh what, And it's like, you know, it's in the 648 00:33:16,520 --> 00:33:18,400 Speaker 2: garage that sort of looked like a hot water heater 649 00:33:19,000 --> 00:33:20,960 Speaker 2: and it's soft in the water whatever that means. 650 00:33:21,080 --> 00:33:22,440 Speaker 1: Yeah, do you know what it did? 651 00:33:23,400 --> 00:33:25,960 Speaker 2: It's soft in the water. Yeah, But I think I 652 00:33:26,000 --> 00:33:28,000 Speaker 2: remember asking my sister what hard water did, and she 653 00:33:28,080 --> 00:33:29,720 Speaker 2: was like, oh, you could tell a difference. 654 00:33:29,320 --> 00:33:32,120 Speaker 1: Like I can't remember your skin real dry, I think. 655 00:33:32,040 --> 00:33:33,720 Speaker 2: And I think, yeah, I don't remember. 656 00:33:33,840 --> 00:33:36,880 Speaker 1: Yeah, So that's hard water everyone. If you want to 657 00:33:36,960 --> 00:33:39,600 Speaker 1: learn more about that, type the word magnets into the 658 00:33:39,680 --> 00:33:42,080 Speaker 1: search bar at HowStuffWorks dot com. It will bring up 659 00:33:42,160 --> 00:33:46,600 Speaker 1: this awesome and exhaustive article. Also, if you're interested in doorbells, 660 00:33:46,640 --> 00:33:49,360 Speaker 1: type that word in the search bar too. And since 661 00:33:49,400 --> 00:33:52,320 Speaker 1: I said search bar twice, it means we go straight 662 00:33:52,400 --> 00:33:53,840 Speaker 1: to listener mail. 663 00:33:56,920 --> 00:33:59,960 Speaker 2: Yeah, I'm gonna call this military shout out. We don't 664 00:34:00,080 --> 00:34:02,360 Speaker 2: do shout outs that often. Sometimes we do eat a 665 00:34:02,360 --> 00:34:04,120 Speaker 2: lot of requests, so don't feel bad people if we 666 00:34:04,160 --> 00:34:09,760 Speaker 2: don't do your shout out. This is from Trevor. Hey guys, 667 00:34:09,840 --> 00:34:12,200 Speaker 2: my name is Trevor. And yes that it's spelled with 668 00:34:12,200 --> 00:34:13,960 Speaker 2: a B and not a V. And that is a 669 00:34:14,000 --> 00:34:16,400 Speaker 2: long story that I'll tell you you would like, but 670 00:34:16,440 --> 00:34:19,160 Speaker 2: that's not why i'm writing in. I am currently serving 671 00:34:19,160 --> 00:34:21,800 Speaker 2: in the US arm Forces and I am in stationed overseas. 672 00:34:22,160 --> 00:34:24,520 Speaker 2: My wife and I recently welcomed my daughter into the world. 673 00:34:24,719 --> 00:34:27,960 Speaker 2: Congratulations Trevor and wife, and I got to spend some 674 00:34:28,040 --> 00:34:30,200 Speaker 2: time with them, although not as much as I would 675 00:34:30,239 --> 00:34:32,719 Speaker 2: like to obviously, before I had to come back overseas. 676 00:34:33,239 --> 00:34:36,919 Speaker 2: It's been a really long, tough trip being away from them, 677 00:34:36,960 --> 00:34:39,800 Speaker 2: and even harder on our marriage. I work long hours, 678 00:34:39,800 --> 00:34:42,120 Speaker 2: and when I come home to talk to my wife, 679 00:34:42,160 --> 00:34:45,480 Speaker 2: I really dread talking about work, and she really hates 680 00:34:45,520 --> 00:34:47,680 Speaker 2: talking about herself all the time. So that's when I 681 00:34:47,680 --> 00:34:49,759 Speaker 2: bring up topics that you guys talk about on the show. 682 00:34:50,320 --> 00:34:52,279 Speaker 2: I've listened for years and I have turned her onto 683 00:34:52,320 --> 00:34:54,160 Speaker 2: them as well. And I just wanted to thank you 684 00:34:54,200 --> 00:34:56,279 Speaker 2: guys and ask if you could give a shout out 685 00:34:56,320 --> 00:34:59,320 Speaker 2: to her and listener mail. Her name is Tony with 686 00:34:59,440 --> 00:35:02,880 Speaker 2: an I, So Trevor and Tony Trevor, thanks for your 687 00:35:02,920 --> 00:35:06,560 Speaker 2: service obviously, and both of you thanks for hanging in 688 00:35:06,600 --> 00:35:09,359 Speaker 2: there as a military couple. It's tough, yeah, when you're 689 00:35:09,400 --> 00:35:12,680 Speaker 2: away for that long, and it's quite a sacrifice. My 690 00:35:13,080 --> 00:35:17,520 Speaker 2: sister and her husband. He's a career marine helicopter pilot. 691 00:35:17,520 --> 00:35:20,440 Speaker 1: As I mentioned before, Yeah, he's been to Afghanistan, right, Yeah. 692 00:35:20,239 --> 00:35:22,360 Speaker 2: And they go for you know, long tour six and 693 00:35:22,400 --> 00:35:24,040 Speaker 2: eight months at a time, and you do enough of 694 00:35:24,040 --> 00:35:27,480 Speaker 2: those in your life and you realize you're spending years 695 00:35:27,480 --> 00:35:30,120 Speaker 2: away from your husband or wife totaled up. Yeah, and 696 00:35:30,200 --> 00:35:33,480 Speaker 2: family and the daughters and sons and so it's tough stuff. 697 00:35:33,520 --> 00:35:36,080 Speaker 2: So shouting out to you guys hanging there. 698 00:35:36,239 --> 00:35:40,160 Speaker 1: Yeah, thanks Trevor and Tony. That's pretty awesome that we're 699 00:35:40,280 --> 00:35:44,120 Speaker 1: like keeping their marriage happy. Well, we're providing a sustenance 700 00:35:44,160 --> 00:35:44,680 Speaker 1: to talk about it. 701 00:35:44,640 --> 00:35:45,760 Speaker 2: It's awesome exactly. 702 00:35:46,320 --> 00:35:49,080 Speaker 1: If you want to let us know how we have 703 00:35:49,280 --> 00:35:52,279 Speaker 1: helped your marriage, we're very interested in that. You could 704 00:35:52,320 --> 00:35:57,600 Speaker 1: send us an email to Stuff Podcasts at iHeartRadio dot com. 705 00:35:59,360 --> 00:36:01,719 Speaker 1: Stuff You Should is a production of iHeartRadio. 706 00:36:02,200 --> 00:36:05,400 Speaker 2: For more podcasts my heart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app, 707 00:36:05,600 --> 00:36:08,520 Speaker 2: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.