1 00:00:00,160 --> 00:00:03,760 Speaker 1: This episode of Stuff You Should Know is sponsored by Squarespace. 2 00:00:04,000 --> 00:00:06,520 Speaker 1: Whether you need a landing page, a beautiful gallery of 3 00:00:06,600 --> 00:00:10,040 Speaker 1: professional blogger, an online store, it's all possible with the 4 00:00:10,080 --> 00:00:14,080 Speaker 1: Squarespace website. Go to squarespace dot com and set your 5 00:00:14,160 --> 00:00:19,000 Speaker 1: website apart. Welcome to you Stuff you Should Know from 6 00:00:19,000 --> 00:00:52,440 Speaker 1: House Stuff Works dot com and New York Hey, and 7 00:00:52,479 --> 00:00:55,560 Speaker 1: welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. 8 00:00:55,720 --> 00:00:59,880 Speaker 1: Chuck Bryant, Jerry's over there, and that was Lin Manuel 9 00:01:00,040 --> 00:01:07,360 Speaker 1: Miranda in the original Broadway show cast cats of Hamilton's 10 00:01:07,360 --> 00:01:10,520 Speaker 1: Oh Yeah, great song? Do you listen to that stuff? 11 00:01:12,520 --> 00:01:16,080 Speaker 1: Like Broadway Show sometimes recordings and stuffing. I don't necessarily 12 00:01:16,120 --> 00:01:18,520 Speaker 1: seek it out or whatever, but I'm not like turn 13 00:01:18,600 --> 00:01:21,399 Speaker 1: it off. Have you listen to Hamilton's I have not 14 00:01:21,520 --> 00:01:24,399 Speaker 1: heard a second of Hamilton's even still because that song 15 00:01:24,440 --> 00:01:26,600 Speaker 1: was put in in post production. I've still never heard 16 00:01:26,640 --> 00:01:31,600 Speaker 1: a second of Hamilton's. I've seen like video on mute, 17 00:01:33,040 --> 00:01:35,520 Speaker 1: but that's it. Well, it is no wonder that show 18 00:01:35,560 --> 00:01:39,320 Speaker 1: has become a runaway hit because of two things. One, 19 00:01:40,600 --> 00:01:44,240 Speaker 1: the music is great, and the book and is great, 20 00:01:44,319 --> 00:01:47,119 Speaker 1: and it looks great. I've not seen it yet because 21 00:01:47,120 --> 00:01:50,600 Speaker 1: I'm not wealthy, man, don't you have to be? Yeah, 22 00:01:50,600 --> 00:01:52,920 Speaker 1: if you want to get a ticket to Hamilton's that's 23 00:01:52,920 --> 00:01:57,280 Speaker 1: sold out, Yeah, you gotta pay thousands of dollars. I 24 00:01:57,360 --> 00:02:01,639 Speaker 1: can't do it. Um. And the second reason is because 25 00:02:01,720 --> 00:02:09,200 Speaker 1: Alexander Hamilton is finally getting his due as perhaps the 26 00:02:09,240 --> 00:02:15,640 Speaker 1: most influential American in history. These are big words, buddy, Uh, 27 00:02:16,080 --> 00:02:23,080 Speaker 1: show me someone else, uh saying there haven't been influential Americans? 28 00:02:23,639 --> 00:02:26,400 Speaker 1: Would I think tops them all? Yeah? You know, I 29 00:02:26,880 --> 00:02:32,200 Speaker 1: can't disagree. I think you're absolutely right. Most controversial founding 30 00:02:32,200 --> 00:02:36,840 Speaker 1: father for sure, youngest founding father by far. Yeah, he's 31 00:02:36,840 --> 00:02:40,240 Speaker 1: an outsider. Wasn't even born in the United States, wasn't 32 00:02:40,240 --> 00:02:44,440 Speaker 1: even born in England. He was an immigrant bastard child, 33 00:02:45,200 --> 00:02:50,520 Speaker 1: which um yeah, yeah, yeah. I had a lot to 34 00:02:50,560 --> 00:02:54,840 Speaker 1: do with his, um how he turned out in life. 35 00:02:55,160 --> 00:02:56,720 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, he had a chip on his shoulder, he 36 00:02:56,720 --> 00:02:58,960 Speaker 1: had well, yeah, you can put it that way. I 37 00:02:58,960 --> 00:03:01,320 Speaker 1: would put it like he had extra drive that a 38 00:03:01,320 --> 00:03:06,440 Speaker 1: lot of those like hoity toity blue blood aristocrats founding 39 00:03:06,480 --> 00:03:10,480 Speaker 1: fathers didn't have because they didn't need it. They had 40 00:03:10,480 --> 00:03:12,359 Speaker 1: a lot of money, they had a lot of opportunity. 41 00:03:12,480 --> 00:03:17,480 Speaker 1: This guy picked himself up from the bootstraps, like the 42 00:03:17,560 --> 00:03:22,239 Speaker 1: first American Horatio Alger. I think he thought he was 43 00:03:22,280 --> 00:03:27,760 Speaker 1: smarter than everyone else. He yes, I get that impression. 44 00:03:27,840 --> 00:03:30,440 Speaker 1: But the thing is he was right most of the time. 45 00:03:30,560 --> 00:03:34,240 Speaker 1: Well yeah, and if someone came out and disagreed with him, 46 00:03:34,280 --> 00:03:37,840 Speaker 1: he was not He wasn't a good politician. He was 47 00:03:37,880 --> 00:03:42,240 Speaker 1: not skilled at being deferential or I didn't know how 48 00:03:42,240 --> 00:03:44,440 Speaker 1: to bow, certainly didn't know how to curtsy. No, Like 49 00:03:44,520 --> 00:03:48,160 Speaker 1: he would come out and say, no, you're completely wrong 50 00:03:48,640 --> 00:03:51,960 Speaker 1: for these fourteen reasons, right, and you're ugly? That all 51 00:03:52,000 --> 00:03:55,240 Speaker 1: explain at length? Yeah, Um, he'd like poke them in 52 00:03:55,280 --> 00:03:58,320 Speaker 1: the belly, pull on their jowels a little bit to 53 00:03:58,520 --> 00:04:01,880 Speaker 1: tear their wig off. Yeah. I saw there's this really 54 00:04:01,880 --> 00:04:09,600 Speaker 1: great American Experience episode from Yeah. Did you notice there 55 00:04:09,600 --> 00:04:13,560 Speaker 1: were like some recognizable actors in there, Like one guy 56 00:04:13,720 --> 00:04:15,560 Speaker 1: was like I was like, I recognized that guy from 57 00:04:15,680 --> 00:04:18,160 Speaker 1: Fraser and the Wire. And ye, there were a few 58 00:04:18,240 --> 00:04:24,320 Speaker 1: das were played the recreated the roles of but not like, oh, 59 00:04:24,440 --> 00:04:26,920 Speaker 1: great actor, do you mind daigning to be in this 60 00:04:26,960 --> 00:04:30,480 Speaker 1: American Experience? It was like, hey, hungry actor, your agent 61 00:04:30,560 --> 00:04:32,200 Speaker 1: called us and we have a role for you, because 62 00:04:32,240 --> 00:04:35,520 Speaker 1: this is like back in the nineties seven. I looked 63 00:04:35,520 --> 00:04:37,719 Speaker 1: it up. Really good episode though, Yeah, and if you 64 00:04:37,760 --> 00:04:39,760 Speaker 1: look at the website for it you can tell it's 65 00:04:39,760 --> 00:04:43,560 Speaker 1: from sure, but it was great and in it one 66 00:04:43,640 --> 00:04:47,760 Speaker 1: of the historians put it pretty plainly, he was, uh, 67 00:04:47,920 --> 00:04:51,040 Speaker 1: excellent statesman, maybe one of the best United States has 68 00:04:51,080 --> 00:04:55,640 Speaker 1: ever had. Terrible politicians. One of the parts of being 69 00:04:55,680 --> 00:04:59,000 Speaker 1: a politician is um to have finesse. Again, one of 70 00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:01,440 Speaker 1: the historians called it an s Yeah, he had. He 71 00:05:01,480 --> 00:05:03,599 Speaker 1: didn't learn it. No one taught him that he was 72 00:05:03,760 --> 00:05:10,200 Speaker 1: orphaned at age what eleven, no? Thirteen? Possibly fifteen. There's 73 00:05:10,240 --> 00:05:12,600 Speaker 1: some dispute over really when he was born and if 74 00:05:12,600 --> 00:05:14,640 Speaker 1: he lied about his age. Well, yeah, I mean, let's 75 00:05:14,680 --> 00:05:17,320 Speaker 1: just go back to the to the Islands of the 76 00:05:17,360 --> 00:05:23,960 Speaker 1: Caribbean in seventeen fifty seven or seventeen fifty five. Is 77 00:05:23,960 --> 00:05:26,800 Speaker 1: that the two dates? Possibly? Yeah. If you look at 78 00:05:26,839 --> 00:05:30,640 Speaker 1: the official records in Nevis, which I did before this episode, 79 00:05:30,960 --> 00:05:33,400 Speaker 1: I went down there and uh, it's it has him 80 00:05:33,440 --> 00:05:36,680 Speaker 1: listed as having been born January eleventh, seventeen fifty five. 81 00:05:36,960 --> 00:05:40,880 Speaker 1: He always said January eleven, seventeen fifty seven. And there's 82 00:05:40,880 --> 00:05:43,840 Speaker 1: actually good reason why he would have fudged his name. 83 00:05:44,000 --> 00:05:48,039 Speaker 1: We'll talk about that a minute. Oh, I'll talk about 84 00:05:48,080 --> 00:05:50,920 Speaker 1: that in forty eight seconds. So his father was a 85 00:05:50,960 --> 00:05:54,400 Speaker 1: Scottish merchant and his mother, her name was Rachel Fawcett. 86 00:05:54,800 --> 00:05:59,239 Speaker 1: She was an English French planter's daughter. Uh. He dad 87 00:05:59,279 --> 00:06:02,560 Speaker 1: moved the family to St. Croix and then left his family. 88 00:06:03,760 --> 00:06:09,840 Speaker 1: Mom died uh in seventy and um, it's interesting. I 89 00:06:09,920 --> 00:06:15,120 Speaker 1: was watching this great documentary on Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, 90 00:06:15,480 --> 00:06:19,520 Speaker 1: same thing by Peter Bogdanovitch, and they these music historians 91 00:06:19,640 --> 00:06:23,919 Speaker 1: make a point that there's something about a father who 92 00:06:24,000 --> 00:06:28,280 Speaker 1: rejects you or a mother who dies when you're young. 93 00:06:29,200 --> 00:06:31,320 Speaker 1: And they say, in the case of Tom Petty, he 94 00:06:31,360 --> 00:06:34,320 Speaker 1: had both. But they listed like a list of rock 95 00:06:34,400 --> 00:06:37,320 Speaker 1: stars like from Bono to Tom Petty, I can't remember 96 00:06:37,400 --> 00:06:40,160 Speaker 1: Jimi Hendrix were either rejected by their dads or mothers 97 00:06:40,200 --> 00:06:42,760 Speaker 1: died younger both, and they said they have something to prove. 98 00:06:43,320 --> 00:06:45,720 Speaker 1: And I was like, dude, that's Alexander Hamilton to a t. 99 00:06:46,440 --> 00:06:49,880 Speaker 1: He spent his whole life was something to prove. Live 100 00:06:49,960 --> 00:06:53,560 Speaker 1: Manuel Miranda just yeah, he's way ahead of us on this. 101 00:06:54,000 --> 00:06:56,360 Speaker 1: But apparently we're the only podcast he does not listen to. 102 00:06:56,480 --> 00:07:03,040 Speaker 1: So yeah, or he politely ignored it. Come on, so um, 103 00:07:03,279 --> 00:07:06,640 Speaker 1: let's talk about though his his early life, his early situation. 104 00:07:07,839 --> 00:07:10,680 Speaker 1: He finds himself an orphan, his father abandoned him, and 105 00:07:10,680 --> 00:07:12,440 Speaker 1: he never saw his father for the rest of his life. 106 00:07:12,480 --> 00:07:15,200 Speaker 1: And I was like boo, his right, Um, but I 107 00:07:15,200 --> 00:07:18,120 Speaker 1: saw elsewhere and I can't I couldn't find it again. 108 00:07:18,160 --> 00:07:21,840 Speaker 1: But that that it was explained that his mother had 109 00:07:21,880 --> 00:07:25,200 Speaker 1: been married before, and even though she was divorced, she 110 00:07:25,360 --> 00:07:29,480 Speaker 1: was not capable legally of being married again, so her 111 00:07:29,560 --> 00:07:33,679 Speaker 1: husband or um Alexander's father left her in the family 112 00:07:34,000 --> 00:07:37,480 Speaker 1: to prevent her from being um accused of being a 113 00:07:37,520 --> 00:07:41,760 Speaker 1: big amist and possibly going to jail. So maybe that 114 00:07:41,840 --> 00:07:44,320 Speaker 1: was it. But I only saw that in one place. UM. 115 00:07:44,440 --> 00:07:47,840 Speaker 1: Most other people just say the father left in Alexander 116 00:07:47,880 --> 00:07:50,800 Speaker 1: never saw him again, and as as a result, he 117 00:07:50,840 --> 00:07:57,040 Speaker 1: was not able to inherit uh any estate with mother's estate. No, 118 00:07:57,240 --> 00:07:59,560 Speaker 1: but it would have been pretty helpful to have anything, 119 00:07:59,640 --> 00:08:02,800 Speaker 1: especially when you're thirteen s last fifteen uh and apparently 120 00:08:02,840 --> 00:08:05,960 Speaker 1: had a kind uncle who tried to help him out 121 00:08:06,360 --> 00:08:08,640 Speaker 1: and and secure the estate. But now it didn't happen. 122 00:08:08,680 --> 00:08:12,680 Speaker 1: It actually went to his mother's first husband. Yeah, and 123 00:08:12,720 --> 00:08:15,640 Speaker 1: he moved in with a cousin who then committed suicide. 124 00:08:15,760 --> 00:08:18,880 Speaker 1: And so he said, he hasn't had good experiences with 125 00:08:18,960 --> 00:08:22,200 Speaker 1: being taken care of. H left to his own devices. 126 00:08:22,280 --> 00:08:26,560 Speaker 1: He got a job working for Beachman and Krueger Mercantile. 127 00:08:27,320 --> 00:08:31,640 Speaker 1: And this dude, at fourteen was running a major company, 128 00:08:31,960 --> 00:08:34,640 Speaker 1: not just a major company, a major company on what, 129 00:08:34,840 --> 00:08:38,160 Speaker 1: until the last couple of decades had been the largest 130 00:08:38,679 --> 00:08:46,000 Speaker 1: income producing colony in in um the English Empire. Like 131 00:08:46,480 --> 00:08:50,280 Speaker 1: it made more money from tobacco and then sugar than 132 00:08:50,640 --> 00:08:53,400 Speaker 1: the other thirteen colonies combined. And it was just this 133 00:08:53,480 --> 00:08:56,880 Speaker 1: little tiny speck of an island, and this kid is 134 00:08:57,000 --> 00:09:00,320 Speaker 1: running the major company on this major island. So it 135 00:09:00,360 --> 00:09:03,320 Speaker 1: was it was even bigger than it seems at first blush. Yeah, 136 00:09:03,320 --> 00:09:05,600 Speaker 1: he was a child prodigy, he wrote in a newspaper 137 00:09:05,720 --> 00:09:10,240 Speaker 1: articles at fourteen, he wrote poetry, published poetry. And uh, 138 00:09:10,320 --> 00:09:12,520 Speaker 1: it was clear to everyone at the company. They were like, 139 00:09:12,559 --> 00:09:16,320 Speaker 1: this kid, he's he's going places, So let's start a 140 00:09:16,360 --> 00:09:19,840 Speaker 1: fund to get him out of here and get him 141 00:09:19,840 --> 00:09:24,400 Speaker 1: to New York City. Yeah, because uh, in New York 142 00:09:24,880 --> 00:09:30,160 Speaker 1: you can be a new man. Yes, I'm Broadway. That's 143 00:09:30,200 --> 00:09:32,599 Speaker 1: from Hamilton's. Okay, I'm gonna drop those in. You're not 144 00:09:32,640 --> 00:09:37,040 Speaker 1: gonna know. I'll struggle to make sense of them to 145 00:09:37,200 --> 00:09:40,680 Speaker 1: keep it up. Uh, So they did, so they raised 146 00:09:40,679 --> 00:09:44,200 Speaker 1: some money and um he went to King's College, which 147 00:09:44,320 --> 00:09:47,360 Speaker 1: later became Columbia University. Yeah, and for those of us 148 00:09:47,400 --> 00:09:50,800 Speaker 1: who saw our UK tour, they remember that Alexander Hamilton's 149 00:09:50,800 --> 00:09:53,800 Speaker 1: shows up at Columbia University to plead with the rioting crowd. 150 00:09:53,840 --> 00:09:56,120 Speaker 1: Remember apparently he did that a couple of times. Yeah, 151 00:09:56,200 --> 00:09:58,920 Speaker 1: I noticed that too in that documentary. Yeah, it was 152 00:09:58,960 --> 00:10:02,480 Speaker 1: like he's a lot of time arguing with like crowds 153 00:10:02,520 --> 00:10:06,200 Speaker 1: with torches and pitchforks on the steps of Columbia University. 154 00:10:06,520 --> 00:10:08,840 Speaker 1: All right, So it goes to King's College's doing his 155 00:10:08,920 --> 00:10:13,480 Speaker 1: studying there. Uh. He really makes a name for himself 156 00:10:13,600 --> 00:10:17,640 Speaker 1: in writing, uh political pamphlets, which was kind of the 157 00:10:17,640 --> 00:10:21,760 Speaker 1: thing to do. And of that day, there weren't magazines, 158 00:10:22,920 --> 00:10:25,480 Speaker 1: there wasn't Tiger Beat no. So, like, if you wanted 159 00:10:25,520 --> 00:10:29,920 Speaker 1: to feel a lot to say, he didn't have squarespace, right, 160 00:10:30,080 --> 00:10:34,040 Speaker 1: so he would yeah you like that, So he would write, Uh, 161 00:10:34,120 --> 00:10:37,480 Speaker 1: he would write political pamphlets and they became very well known. Yeah. 162 00:10:37,559 --> 00:10:43,199 Speaker 1: He um was railing against the British monarchy, and it 163 00:10:43,280 --> 00:10:47,400 Speaker 1: was very much in favor of the loose confederation that 164 00:10:47,440 --> 00:10:51,840 Speaker 1: the colonies had had um created amongst themselves, in their um, 165 00:10:52,440 --> 00:10:55,600 Speaker 1: their joints suffering at the hands of the British colonies, 166 00:10:55,640 --> 00:10:58,600 Speaker 1: which were like or the British crown, which was actively 167 00:10:58,600 --> 00:11:01,760 Speaker 1: trying to punish them um and keep them in line 168 00:11:01,880 --> 00:11:06,920 Speaker 1: through like taxation and representation, Um. All the Asians that 169 00:11:06,960 --> 00:11:11,720 Speaker 1: you wouldn't like, right and um. Alexander Hamilton definitely saw 170 00:11:11,760 --> 00:11:16,720 Speaker 1: this as a potential for um revolution to occur. And 171 00:11:16,800 --> 00:11:19,760 Speaker 1: he actually wrote in his journal as a younger man, 172 00:11:20,040 --> 00:11:24,439 Speaker 1: back when he's like twelve, thirteen fourteen, that he wished 173 00:11:24,880 --> 00:11:27,800 Speaker 1: there a war would happen so that he could prove himself. 174 00:11:28,400 --> 00:11:31,400 Speaker 1: It would be a great opportunity to prove himself. And 175 00:11:31,720 --> 00:11:35,840 Speaker 1: he probably saw that opportunity and this unrest that was 176 00:11:35,880 --> 00:11:38,600 Speaker 1: going on that was being aroused in the colonies, and 177 00:11:38,640 --> 00:11:40,520 Speaker 1: he was fanning the flames of it. Yeah. And he 178 00:11:40,600 --> 00:11:42,760 Speaker 1: also uh, and this is sort of a side note, 179 00:11:42,840 --> 00:11:46,760 Speaker 1: he was the most consistent abolitionist. Oh. Yeah, of all 180 00:11:47,040 --> 00:11:50,520 Speaker 1: the founding fathers throughout his entire life. Uh, and for 181 00:11:50,679 --> 00:11:53,280 Speaker 1: very well, for two reasons. One he thought it was wrong, 182 00:11:54,000 --> 00:11:56,840 Speaker 1: but very practically he thought, you know, some of these 183 00:11:56,840 --> 00:11:59,400 Speaker 1: people might be able to do great things for this 184 00:11:59,440 --> 00:12:01,440 Speaker 1: country and they're not allowed to. And he was like, 185 00:12:01,480 --> 00:12:03,880 Speaker 1: that just doesn't make sense to not let people live 186 00:12:03,960 --> 00:12:06,920 Speaker 1: up to their potential. But to make America better, Yeah, 187 00:12:07,000 --> 00:12:12,400 Speaker 1: but at least equally is important. He personally found it 188 00:12:12,440 --> 00:12:16,760 Speaker 1: abhorrent and despicable, Like he was against slavery from the 189 00:12:16,760 --> 00:12:19,600 Speaker 1: time he was a kid. Amazing. Yeah, well he saw 190 00:12:19,640 --> 00:12:22,240 Speaker 1: at firsthand too when his family moved to St. Croix 191 00:12:22,960 --> 00:12:26,440 Speaker 1: Um they plantations here. Yeah, he he was, he was, 192 00:12:26,840 --> 00:12:29,960 Speaker 1: he encountered it, and it had a real impact on him. Alright. 193 00:12:30,000 --> 00:12:35,079 Speaker 1: So seventeen seventy six, the Revolution is underway. He joins 194 00:12:35,559 --> 00:12:39,880 Speaker 1: as a captain and the Continental Army. And I was 195 00:12:39,920 --> 00:12:44,040 Speaker 1: amazed that this little factoid from the PBS saying his 196 00:12:44,480 --> 00:12:47,760 Speaker 1: artillery unit that he founded is still around today. It's 197 00:12:47,760 --> 00:12:51,600 Speaker 1: the only surviving army unit from the Revolutionary War. Wow, 198 00:12:51,640 --> 00:12:53,880 Speaker 1: that's pretty amazing. Yeah, he found it a lot of 199 00:12:53,880 --> 00:12:58,280 Speaker 1: stuff that's still around today. Well, in our Customs episode, 200 00:12:58,320 --> 00:13:01,240 Speaker 1: we touched on that a little bit in Our Lighthouses episode. 201 00:13:01,240 --> 00:13:03,400 Speaker 1: He popped up in that too. Yeah, he's all over 202 00:13:03,440 --> 00:13:06,160 Speaker 1: the place. No one that his fingers in a lot 203 00:13:06,200 --> 00:13:10,040 Speaker 1: of pots. So he fought like a champ in the 204 00:13:10,040 --> 00:13:14,760 Speaker 1: Revolutionary War and impressed Um George Washington, who was pretty 205 00:13:14,760 --> 00:13:17,880 Speaker 1: important guy at the time, and he said, you know what, 206 00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:21,200 Speaker 1: I like the cut of your jib, kid, why don't 207 00:13:21,200 --> 00:13:24,280 Speaker 1: you join me? And he surrounded himself with these young 208 00:13:24,320 --> 00:13:27,200 Speaker 1: men who as his team and his family. He called 209 00:13:27,280 --> 00:13:30,439 Speaker 1: them that he thought, were, you know, bright guys in 210 00:13:30,440 --> 00:13:33,400 Speaker 1: in the future of this country. And he said, you 211 00:13:33,400 --> 00:13:36,760 Speaker 1: will be my aide de camp, you'll be my assistant. 212 00:13:37,280 --> 00:13:39,360 Speaker 1: And I got a lot of good dudes around me. 213 00:13:39,400 --> 00:13:41,440 Speaker 1: They're great military minds. But you're the only one that 214 00:13:41,480 --> 00:13:45,280 Speaker 1: can write like you can write like a mug. He did. 215 00:13:45,320 --> 00:13:49,360 Speaker 1: He said that you can write like a mug. Is 216 00:13:49,360 --> 00:13:52,120 Speaker 1: that in the Broadway show? It should be? I honestly 217 00:13:52,160 --> 00:13:54,120 Speaker 1: don't know it could be. It sounds like that could 218 00:13:54,160 --> 00:13:58,320 Speaker 1: definitely be in a Hamilton rap. So I said, what's 219 00:13:58,320 --> 00:14:02,840 Speaker 1: your name, man, and he said, Alexander Hamilton's Okay, that's 220 00:14:02,840 --> 00:14:06,240 Speaker 1: from the show too. Okay, how about this indicate it's 221 00:14:06,280 --> 00:14:09,000 Speaker 1: from the show by making jazz hands. Okay, you know what, 222 00:14:09,200 --> 00:14:13,640 Speaker 1: that's that's the last of him. Okay, so well, if 223 00:14:13,640 --> 00:14:15,120 Speaker 1: you want to keep it up, that's fine. But I'll 224 00:14:15,120 --> 00:14:18,160 Speaker 1: say everyone who hasn't seen the show chucks making jazz hands, alright, 225 00:14:18,320 --> 00:14:22,880 Speaker 1: and then Jerry will ring a bell post production. Okay, alright, 226 00:14:22,920 --> 00:14:28,720 Speaker 1: So he's Washington's assistant. Yeah, and he actually um one 227 00:14:28,760 --> 00:14:31,560 Speaker 1: of the Again, the historians on that American experience said, 228 00:14:31,880 --> 00:14:37,120 Speaker 1: if you look at Washington's um writing at the Times Correspondence, um, 229 00:14:37,800 --> 00:14:41,600 Speaker 1: his uh diaries, I guess probably not his diary. I 230 00:14:41,600 --> 00:14:43,200 Speaker 1: don't think he had him write his diaries. Well, his 231 00:14:43,240 --> 00:14:47,600 Speaker 1: speeches and things, Um, the best stuff is just obviously 232 00:14:47,640 --> 00:14:51,080 Speaker 1: written by Alexander Hamilton's like indisputably so, right, But it 233 00:14:51,160 --> 00:14:54,120 Speaker 1: made Washington look really good, and Washington was eternally grateful, 234 00:14:54,120 --> 00:14:58,080 Speaker 1: and he he also had aum definite soft spot for 235 00:14:58,480 --> 00:15:02,080 Speaker 1: Alexander Hamilton's person and and will for the rest of 236 00:15:02,080 --> 00:15:05,280 Speaker 1: his life for sure, stands by him through thick and thin. Yeah, 237 00:15:05,400 --> 00:15:08,680 Speaker 1: and um, our own article does a good job of 238 00:15:08,760 --> 00:15:10,720 Speaker 1: pointing out that he wasn't just some kid that was 239 00:15:10,720 --> 00:15:12,880 Speaker 1: like yes, sir or anything you say, Like from the 240 00:15:13,000 --> 00:15:15,200 Speaker 1: very beginning He's like, you know what, this army is 241 00:15:15,280 --> 00:15:20,320 Speaker 1: messed up, is disorganized. We need funding. Uh and like 242 00:15:20,800 --> 00:15:24,440 Speaker 1: there's a this is a big mess to keep killing people. 243 00:15:24,640 --> 00:15:28,240 Speaker 1: Yeah and what And Washington was like I like hearing this. 244 00:15:28,320 --> 00:15:30,960 Speaker 1: You know he didn't he didn't want a yes man around. Yeah, 245 00:15:31,000 --> 00:15:33,760 Speaker 1: well maybe a couple right, he needs a couple of 246 00:15:33,760 --> 00:15:39,560 Speaker 1: lickspittles to keep his boots clean. Lickspittle Mr Burns used 247 00:15:39,560 --> 00:15:46,720 Speaker 1: in One Love that um so Washington, Uh, I think 248 00:15:46,720 --> 00:15:50,680 Speaker 1: actually Hamilton's was a victim of his own success. Like 249 00:15:50,760 --> 00:15:53,320 Speaker 1: Washington liked having him around in this position as an 250 00:15:53,320 --> 00:15:57,400 Speaker 1: aide to Camp so much that um Hamilton is like, Okay, 251 00:15:57,520 --> 00:15:59,840 Speaker 1: let's let's keep rising through the ranks. And when I 252 00:16:00,000 --> 00:16:03,040 Speaker 1: really get out there and fight. And he really railed 253 00:16:03,080 --> 00:16:06,960 Speaker 1: against his position for a while and finally Washington was like, okay, fine, fine, 254 00:16:07,160 --> 00:16:10,080 Speaker 1: go get out there and fight. And he did. Actually, 255 00:16:10,120 --> 00:16:15,560 Speaker 1: he really um honored himself on the battlefield, particularly in Yorktown. 256 00:16:16,440 --> 00:16:20,760 Speaker 1: He led his regiment into battle. Let it not like 257 00:16:20,880 --> 00:16:23,120 Speaker 1: I'm on horseback back here, but I'm leading you. Like 258 00:16:23,280 --> 00:16:26,520 Speaker 1: he was the first guy breaking through the lines and 259 00:16:26,680 --> 00:16:30,200 Speaker 1: jumping on like into the trenches with the British and 260 00:16:30,240 --> 00:16:36,360 Speaker 1: fighting them hand to hand. Yeah, at least so he 261 00:16:36,440 --> 00:16:38,560 Speaker 1: definitely put his money where his mouth was. Like. He 262 00:16:38,640 --> 00:16:41,400 Speaker 1: wasn't like, yeah, I'm gonna get out there and fight, 263 00:16:41,440 --> 00:16:43,280 Speaker 1: and then when the time came, he was like, I'm 264 00:16:43,320 --> 00:16:45,920 Speaker 1: gonna hang back here. He got out there and fought. 265 00:16:46,360 --> 00:16:48,560 Speaker 1: I get the impression that he ran through more than 266 00:16:48,600 --> 00:16:51,000 Speaker 1: one person. Yeah, and he was a little dude too. 267 00:16:51,040 --> 00:16:54,920 Speaker 1: He wasn't you know. He wasn't trying to think of 268 00:16:55,040 --> 00:16:59,000 Speaker 1: some big tough guy and the rock. He wasn't the rock. 269 00:16:59,120 --> 00:17:04,560 Speaker 1: He was Kevin Hart. Who's that? Uh you know who 270 00:17:04,640 --> 00:17:08,560 Speaker 1: Kevin Hart is? Oh? Kevin hart Ish. I thought you're 271 00:17:08,560 --> 00:17:11,520 Speaker 1: saying Kevin Hardish, Like that's a person. He's bigger than 272 00:17:11,560 --> 00:17:18,040 Speaker 1: Kevin Hart. But yeah, Kevin Harve. Uh how big was 273 00:17:18,080 --> 00:17:22,440 Speaker 1: Alexander Hamilton's seven? Oh? Well he's wave breaker. Well those 274 00:17:22,440 --> 00:17:26,760 Speaker 1: three inches matter when you're five. But Washington, he was 275 00:17:26,800 --> 00:17:30,720 Speaker 1: a giant. He was a big dude, wn't he? Uh? 276 00:17:30,880 --> 00:17:35,560 Speaker 1: So the war is over. That's the quickest description of 277 00:17:35,600 --> 00:17:41,080 Speaker 1: the Revolutionary War ever. Who won the US one or America? 278 00:17:41,119 --> 00:17:45,240 Speaker 1: I guess? And um it's interesting too that documentary pointed 279 00:17:45,240 --> 00:17:47,639 Speaker 1: out at one point they were like I don't think 280 00:17:47,680 --> 00:17:49,679 Speaker 1: anyone gave much thought to what literally they were going 281 00:17:49,760 --> 00:17:51,920 Speaker 1: to do. The day after the war, they were so 282 00:17:52,800 --> 00:17:55,560 Speaker 1: like gung ho for it, and then afterward they're like, whoa, 283 00:17:56,000 --> 00:17:59,400 Speaker 1: we're in bad shape, Like we're a bankrupt nation. Right. 284 00:17:59,520 --> 00:18:03,520 Speaker 1: But even more than that, there the the people who 285 00:18:04,040 --> 00:18:07,760 Speaker 1: were running the show. We're pretty content with the idea 286 00:18:07,760 --> 00:18:12,840 Speaker 1: of like their state being an independent country. Now. Thought 287 00:18:12,880 --> 00:18:16,520 Speaker 1: like Thomas Jefferson referred when when when he called, when 288 00:18:16,520 --> 00:18:19,359 Speaker 1: he said my country, he was talking about Virginia, and 289 00:18:19,760 --> 00:18:22,879 Speaker 1: he was he was basically of a similar mind to 290 00:18:22,960 --> 00:18:25,680 Speaker 1: just about everyone else we would consider a founding father. 291 00:18:25,960 --> 00:18:28,200 Speaker 1: There weren't too many people who were thinking like Alexander 292 00:18:28,240 --> 00:18:32,760 Speaker 1: Hamilton's whose idea was, hey, let's let's get together. There's 293 00:18:32,760 --> 00:18:35,520 Speaker 1: gonna be a lot more peace, a lot less in fighting, 294 00:18:35,880 --> 00:18:38,840 Speaker 1: and we're gonna have a lot less headaches with things 295 00:18:38,840 --> 00:18:41,640 Speaker 1: like multiple currencies and all that stuff. Let's just come 296 00:18:41,640 --> 00:18:44,760 Speaker 1: together and create a centralized federal government. And all these 297 00:18:44,760 --> 00:18:47,159 Speaker 1: guys are like, well, who are you nuts? A centralized 298 00:18:47,200 --> 00:18:50,920 Speaker 1: federal government? It sounds an awful lot like a monarchy. 299 00:18:51,000 --> 00:18:53,520 Speaker 1: And we just threw those cats off. Why would we 300 00:18:53,560 --> 00:18:56,280 Speaker 1: want to go back to it. So Hamilton's saw very 301 00:18:56,320 --> 00:19:01,199 Speaker 1: clearly that a central, very powerful federal government that was 302 00:19:02,280 --> 00:19:07,280 Speaker 1: in control and as an umbrella over the thirteen colonies, 303 00:19:07,560 --> 00:19:10,720 Speaker 1: turning them into states assembled under this federal government was 304 00:19:10,800 --> 00:19:15,720 Speaker 1: the best way to help this. The these colonies turned states, 305 00:19:15,720 --> 00:19:20,200 Speaker 1: and that now turned country to mature to keep going 306 00:19:20,240 --> 00:19:23,560 Speaker 1: to progress forward. But he had a real uphill battle 307 00:19:23,640 --> 00:19:27,800 Speaker 1: to climb um because there was nobody really who saw 308 00:19:27,880 --> 00:19:30,520 Speaker 1: things that way. Yeah, and uh, he knew that the 309 00:19:30,880 --> 00:19:34,480 Speaker 1: only way to do this was to have a document 310 00:19:34,880 --> 00:19:39,840 Speaker 1: behind him pushing him along, and he did. Uh he 311 00:19:40,680 --> 00:19:42,760 Speaker 1: saw the U. S Constitution is a great chance to 312 00:19:42,760 --> 00:19:45,919 Speaker 1: do so. And uh, we'll talk about that right after this. 313 00:20:07,040 --> 00:20:11,400 Speaker 1: So Chuck Um, A lot of people don't really recognize 314 00:20:11,440 --> 00:20:15,040 Speaker 1: that the Revolutionary War ends in seventeen seventy six, but 315 00:20:15,080 --> 00:20:19,080 Speaker 1: it wasn't until seventeen eighty seven that the Constitution is written, right, 316 00:20:19,200 --> 00:20:22,400 Speaker 1: and in between that time people were just kind of like, okay, 317 00:20:23,000 --> 00:20:27,040 Speaker 1: what do we do? There was the Articles of Confederation. Yeah, 318 00:20:27,080 --> 00:20:29,639 Speaker 1: they were great, Well, they weren't so great. Actually I 319 00:20:29,640 --> 00:20:32,479 Speaker 1: thought they were pretty great. Okay, well, the founding fathers 320 00:20:32,520 --> 00:20:36,439 Speaker 1: thought they stunk. And actually they showed up in I 321 00:20:36,480 --> 00:20:41,720 Speaker 1: think Philadelphia, and UM we're called there to say, hey, uh, 322 00:20:41,800 --> 00:20:44,600 Speaker 1: let's figure something out about this Articles of Confederation. It's 323 00:20:44,840 --> 00:20:49,920 Speaker 1: that the the country's bankrupt. We're going nowhere. Um, everybody's 324 00:20:50,160 --> 00:20:53,720 Speaker 1: hooked on drugs. We don't know what's going on. Everybody, 325 00:20:53,760 --> 00:20:55,479 Speaker 1: come and let's figure out how to make the Articles 326 00:20:55,480 --> 00:20:59,359 Speaker 1: of Confederation better. And these founding fathers um all showed up, 327 00:20:59,400 --> 00:21:02,080 Speaker 1: these delegates, it's including Alexander Hamilton, who was a delegate 328 00:21:02,119 --> 00:21:05,080 Speaker 1: from New York, and they really looked at it and 329 00:21:05,119 --> 00:21:08,199 Speaker 1: they're like, this is terrible. Let's just start over. So 330 00:21:08,280 --> 00:21:10,520 Speaker 1: they crumple it up, through it over their shoulder, pull 331 00:21:10,560 --> 00:21:14,760 Speaker 1: out a fresh piece of paper, said, okay, debate, that's right, 332 00:21:15,440 --> 00:21:18,560 Speaker 1: And through that debate, the Constitution of the United States 333 00:21:18,600 --> 00:21:22,439 Speaker 1: was drafted. Uh. Hamilton's actually was not there a lot 334 00:21:23,160 --> 00:21:27,800 Speaker 1: for the debates because of business and UM. So he 335 00:21:28,119 --> 00:21:32,600 Speaker 1: wasn't actually a key member in drafting the Constitution. What 336 00:21:32,720 --> 00:21:35,720 Speaker 1: he was um and of course the Constitution was the 337 00:21:35,760 --> 00:21:39,720 Speaker 1: document that that indicated a strong central government and a 338 00:21:39,760 --> 00:21:43,879 Speaker 1: powerful president. Uh. He came into into play when it 339 00:21:44,040 --> 00:21:47,240 Speaker 1: came time for for saying this is the document we're 340 00:21:47,240 --> 00:21:49,960 Speaker 1: gonna go forward with. Forgetting it ratified. Um, they needed 341 00:21:50,040 --> 00:21:53,440 Speaker 1: nine and thirteen states for it to pass, and there 342 00:21:53,480 --> 00:21:55,760 Speaker 1: was a lot of strong opposition, like you were saying, 343 00:21:55,800 --> 00:21:57,800 Speaker 1: you know, we were we just got out from under 344 00:21:57,800 --> 00:22:00,239 Speaker 1: Britain's rule. Why are we gonna draft this thing with 345 00:22:00,320 --> 00:22:03,879 Speaker 1: like these taxes and the central government and we like 346 00:22:04,000 --> 00:22:06,360 Speaker 1: all of our little small states making all their own 347 00:22:06,359 --> 00:22:11,280 Speaker 1: decisions and um. It turned out to be a big 348 00:22:11,320 --> 00:22:15,560 Speaker 1: deal when he and uh John j and James Madison 349 00:22:15,680 --> 00:22:20,600 Speaker 1: wrote the Federalist papers, forming the Federalist Party and really 350 00:22:20,600 --> 00:22:24,600 Speaker 1: coming out hard like have you ever read like even 351 00:22:24,640 --> 00:22:30,320 Speaker 1: the first Federalist paper? Uh, No, it's amazing. And Hamilton's 352 00:22:30,359 --> 00:22:33,800 Speaker 1: wrote that the introduction and in it he basically just says, 353 00:22:34,600 --> 00:22:38,160 Speaker 1: here are all your questions answered, and here's why you're 354 00:22:38,160 --> 00:22:41,400 Speaker 1: all wrong, and here's why this is the way forward, 355 00:22:41,560 --> 00:22:44,240 Speaker 1: no questions asked, and I know in it like he 356 00:22:44,520 --> 00:22:47,720 Speaker 1: he basically he and Jay and Madison used it as 357 00:22:47,760 --> 00:22:53,080 Speaker 1: an opportunity to address every single um opposition to the 358 00:22:53,119 --> 00:22:56,640 Speaker 1: Constitution and the adoption of it, including things like, um, 359 00:22:57,080 --> 00:23:00,080 Speaker 1: well you know we have a court to inter with 360 00:23:00,240 --> 00:23:02,920 Speaker 1: the law so that it's constantly evolving and that kind 361 00:23:02,920 --> 00:23:05,560 Speaker 1: of thing. Um, and just explaining why we needed a 362 00:23:05,600 --> 00:23:09,040 Speaker 1: powerful executive, but that it would be um balanced out 363 00:23:09,080 --> 00:23:12,480 Speaker 1: by these other branches of government as well. Um. And 364 00:23:12,720 --> 00:23:15,160 Speaker 1: it worked. These things were getting published in the papers 365 00:23:15,200 --> 00:23:18,240 Speaker 1: and and it helped really change the minds of a 366 00:23:18,240 --> 00:23:21,480 Speaker 1: lot of people. Yeah. And remarkably, the Federalist Papers have 367 00:23:21,560 --> 00:23:23,440 Speaker 1: been cited by the Supreme Court of the United States 368 00:23:23,480 --> 00:23:27,240 Speaker 1: more than any other document, including the Constitution. It's pretty 369 00:23:27,280 --> 00:23:29,159 Speaker 1: pretty amazing. Yeah, it really is, because I mean, if 370 00:23:29,200 --> 00:23:31,960 Speaker 1: you think about it's just these guys are saying, here 371 00:23:31,960 --> 00:23:36,200 Speaker 1: are here's our opinion of the constitution, uh, and why 372 00:23:36,280 --> 00:23:40,000 Speaker 1: it works. And the Supreme Court says, we're with you, buddy, 373 00:23:40,280 --> 00:23:43,000 Speaker 1: that's right. Uh. So he got married along the way 374 00:23:43,160 --> 00:23:47,560 Speaker 1: in seventy two, uh, a woman named Elizabeth uh Schyler 375 00:23:47,800 --> 00:23:56,520 Speaker 1: Skyler Skyler. Yeah, and um, a big thing happened in sight. 376 00:23:56,560 --> 00:23:59,760 Speaker 1: They had the first presidential election, Washington one, and as 377 00:23:59,840 --> 00:24:05,760 Speaker 1: his confidant, he appointed quickly Hamilton's as his secretary of Treasury. Uh, 378 00:24:05,760 --> 00:24:09,600 Speaker 1: probably the most powerful cabinet position of all. Yeah. And 379 00:24:09,640 --> 00:24:13,480 Speaker 1: like we said, we were nearly bankrupt from the Revolutionary War. 380 00:24:13,560 --> 00:24:17,320 Speaker 1: We borrowed money from everyone from like they owed money 381 00:24:17,359 --> 00:24:20,280 Speaker 1: to the army, they owed money to individuals who supported 382 00:24:20,280 --> 00:24:23,960 Speaker 1: the army. They would just go take equipment and money 383 00:24:24,080 --> 00:24:26,640 Speaker 1: and say here, we're gonna pay you back one day. 384 00:24:26,960 --> 00:24:29,760 Speaker 1: And they literally owed money to American citizens to the 385 00:24:29,760 --> 00:24:31,520 Speaker 1: point where they couldn't pay it back. And it was 386 00:24:31,520 --> 00:24:35,040 Speaker 1: a disorganized mass of records. And Hamilton's got in there 387 00:24:35,200 --> 00:24:38,119 Speaker 1: and most people would have shied away, and he was like, 388 00:24:38,160 --> 00:24:41,359 Speaker 1: this is great. I can really get in here and 389 00:24:41,680 --> 00:24:44,000 Speaker 1: do what I do best, which is get this on 390 00:24:44,040 --> 00:24:46,520 Speaker 1: the right track. Yeah, he's a He's a big picture 391 00:24:46,520 --> 00:24:49,000 Speaker 1: guy if there was ever a big picture guy. And 392 00:24:49,240 --> 00:24:54,399 Speaker 1: UM historians now look back at Hamilton's and say he 393 00:24:55,960 --> 00:24:58,960 Speaker 1: They actually say the man who made America. It's one 394 00:24:59,000 --> 00:25:04,120 Speaker 1: of his his UM nicknames, right, which is that's not 395 00:25:04,160 --> 00:25:07,800 Speaker 1: for nothing saying something like that. UM. He had a 396 00:25:07,920 --> 00:25:13,159 Speaker 1: vision to where the strong central government could create the UM, 397 00:25:13,240 --> 00:25:18,200 Speaker 1: the nation that these states comprised or composed UM. And 398 00:25:18,440 --> 00:25:21,400 Speaker 1: it was based on four points. Right. One was tariffs, 399 00:25:21,400 --> 00:25:25,480 Speaker 1: which we talked about in the Customs episode. UM one 400 00:25:25,680 --> 00:25:31,600 Speaker 1: was a central bank and UH investment in infrastructure. And 401 00:25:31,600 --> 00:25:35,240 Speaker 1: then a big one called assumption, which was taking all 402 00:25:35,359 --> 00:25:39,520 Speaker 1: the state's individual debts and UM the federal government assuming 403 00:25:39,560 --> 00:25:42,120 Speaker 1: it and that was a big He had a lot 404 00:25:42,119 --> 00:25:44,040 Speaker 1: of trouble with that one because a lot of people 405 00:25:44,040 --> 00:25:46,120 Speaker 1: were like, why would you want to do that? Oh, 406 00:25:46,160 --> 00:25:48,359 Speaker 1: we understand why you want to make the central government 407 00:25:48,359 --> 00:25:51,000 Speaker 1: that much more powerful because will owe you now? Right? 408 00:25:51,560 --> 00:25:55,200 Speaker 1: He said, it's way more than that. Um, not only 409 00:25:55,359 --> 00:25:57,520 Speaker 1: will yes, you guys, will owe us, but you know 410 00:25:57,560 --> 00:25:59,960 Speaker 1: it's a it's a gesture of goodwill, but it legit 411 00:26:00,080 --> 00:26:03,399 Speaker 1: themizes this federal government. And it also allows it once 412 00:26:03,480 --> 00:26:06,600 Speaker 1: there's an establishment of a national debt, to borrow more 413 00:26:06,640 --> 00:26:10,560 Speaker 1: money and to um issue right and to issue bonds 414 00:26:10,560 --> 00:26:13,120 Speaker 1: against those debts, which can be traded on the open market. 415 00:26:13,160 --> 00:26:16,400 Speaker 1: And I was like, whoa wait, what he's like? Just 416 00:26:16,400 --> 00:26:19,320 Speaker 1: just trust me? And um, he was faced with that 417 00:26:19,359 --> 00:26:23,440 Speaker 1: a lot like where he understood the steps forward, and 418 00:26:24,280 --> 00:26:26,800 Speaker 1: he was he faced opposition and just about every turn. 419 00:26:27,040 --> 00:26:28,719 Speaker 1: And I get the imperson that a lot of it 420 00:26:28,760 --> 00:26:32,120 Speaker 1: was like from people who weren't getting what he was 421 00:26:32,320 --> 00:26:36,320 Speaker 1: getting across because very like like some of them a 422 00:26:36,400 --> 00:26:39,040 Speaker 1: century ahead of their time. Like here there was a 423 00:26:39,119 --> 00:26:42,760 Speaker 1: panic in seventeen ninety two, a financial panic where somebody 424 00:26:42,800 --> 00:26:46,760 Speaker 1: tried to corner the market on treasury bonds and almost 425 00:26:46,840 --> 00:26:50,840 Speaker 1: collapse the federal debt right just just almost ruined it 426 00:26:50,880 --> 00:26:55,760 Speaker 1: single handedly, and under the guidance of Alexander Hamilton's the 427 00:26:55,880 --> 00:26:59,800 Speaker 1: national bank that he had established stepped in and became 428 00:26:59,840 --> 00:27:02,399 Speaker 1: a what's called a buyer of last resort, where they 429 00:27:02,400 --> 00:27:06,240 Speaker 1: were buying treasury bills at less than what they were worth, 430 00:27:06,480 --> 00:27:08,080 Speaker 1: so that you had to be really desperate to go 431 00:27:08,119 --> 00:27:12,359 Speaker 1: and sell them to them. Um. And that that wasn't, 432 00:27:13,000 --> 00:27:17,120 Speaker 1: I guess, legitimized by economists until like a full century 433 00:27:17,200 --> 00:27:19,919 Speaker 1: after that. This guy was just operating on like a 434 00:27:19,960 --> 00:27:23,120 Speaker 1: totally different level, like very much ahead of his time. Well, 435 00:27:23,160 --> 00:27:26,280 Speaker 1: the idea of creating a national purposefully creating a national 436 00:27:26,320 --> 00:27:29,760 Speaker 1: debt seems crazy and no one understood it. And he 437 00:27:30,040 --> 00:27:32,600 Speaker 1: came out with quotes like the national debt will be 438 00:27:32,680 --> 00:27:37,280 Speaker 1: the cement of our nation and basically like these creditors 439 00:27:37,280 --> 00:27:40,040 Speaker 1: are gonna have to get on board and support the 440 00:27:40,080 --> 00:27:42,919 Speaker 1: federal government so they can get paid back exactly, and 441 00:27:42,920 --> 00:27:46,159 Speaker 1: it really had a unifying effect. Um. He had a 442 00:27:46,200 --> 00:27:50,080 Speaker 1: he had a problem getting assumption passed through. It was 443 00:27:50,119 --> 00:27:53,800 Speaker 1: blocked on almost every level with the politicians and um. 444 00:27:54,440 --> 00:27:56,400 Speaker 1: One of his neighbors in New York at the time 445 00:27:56,480 --> 00:28:00,359 Speaker 1: was one Thomas Jefferson, one of his biggest foes throughout 446 00:28:00,359 --> 00:28:03,160 Speaker 1: his career, and uh, he worked out a little deal 447 00:28:03,240 --> 00:28:05,720 Speaker 1: at a very famous dinner called the Dinner Table Compromise, 448 00:28:06,320 --> 00:28:10,720 Speaker 1: wherein Jefferson wanted to move the capital to essentially what 449 00:28:10,720 --> 00:28:15,399 Speaker 1: would become Washington, d C. And UM Hamilton's was like, no, 450 00:28:15,480 --> 00:28:17,120 Speaker 1: I'd like it here in New York City. He said, 451 00:28:17,160 --> 00:28:19,879 Speaker 1: but here's what we'll do. Um, you can move your 452 00:28:19,920 --> 00:28:22,840 Speaker 1: capital down there if you throw your support and Madison 453 00:28:22,920 --> 00:28:26,720 Speaker 1: was there too, if you guys throw your support behind Assumption. Uh, 454 00:28:26,760 --> 00:28:29,119 Speaker 1: and they said, great, that's what we'll do. So he 455 00:28:29,240 --> 00:28:32,600 Speaker 1: sacrificed New York City is the capital his own people 456 00:28:33,080 --> 00:28:36,199 Speaker 1: because he was like a true New Yorker through and 457 00:28:36,200 --> 00:28:39,240 Speaker 1: through by this time, but he was a transplant, a transplant, 458 00:28:39,240 --> 00:28:41,960 Speaker 1: and historians point to that is saying like he didn't 459 00:28:42,000 --> 00:28:45,360 Speaker 1: have the kind of ties that like native born New 460 00:28:45,440 --> 00:28:48,400 Speaker 1: Yorkers had to it necessarily. But that's why the capital 461 00:28:48,520 --> 00:28:51,560 Speaker 1: ended up in d C. And uh, that's why Assumption 462 00:28:51,600 --> 00:28:54,960 Speaker 1: went through and it changed history. And we also talked 463 00:28:54,960 --> 00:28:58,680 Speaker 1: in the Customs episode about how tariffs paid for the 464 00:28:58,800 --> 00:29:02,920 Speaker 1: um United States. It's like these high taxes on imports, 465 00:29:03,040 --> 00:29:06,920 Speaker 1: especially imported British goods. Um. But that money didn't just 466 00:29:06,960 --> 00:29:10,920 Speaker 1: automatically funnel into the infrastructure that built the United States 467 00:29:10,960 --> 00:29:15,280 Speaker 1: Industrial Revolution. That was directed by the policies of Alexander 468 00:29:15,280 --> 00:29:18,360 Speaker 1: Hamilton's because Jefferson was like, we want to be farmers, 469 00:29:18,480 --> 00:29:21,360 Speaker 1: which like I want to be an agricultural society, small government, 470 00:29:22,000 --> 00:29:24,400 Speaker 1: and he said, no, where it's at is big government 471 00:29:24,440 --> 00:29:27,520 Speaker 1: and a big industrialized nation. That's how we're gonna get ahead. 472 00:29:27,600 --> 00:29:31,240 Speaker 1: And you can actually trace the to um political parties 473 00:29:31,240 --> 00:29:34,320 Speaker 1: in the United States, or actually the fact that we 474 00:29:34,440 --> 00:29:38,760 Speaker 1: have political parties back to the rivalry between Alexander Hamilton's 475 00:29:38,760 --> 00:29:43,040 Speaker 1: and Thomas Jefferson and how they saw things, Um, small government, 476 00:29:43,840 --> 00:29:52,320 Speaker 1: agrarian based and big government and infrastructure based, industrial based. Yeah, 477 00:29:52,320 --> 00:29:55,000 Speaker 1: it was it was the new party was the Republicans 478 00:29:55,040 --> 00:29:58,560 Speaker 1: and then the Federalists. Um, nothing to do with Republicans 479 00:29:58,560 --> 00:30:01,560 Speaker 1: of modern times to although there was like that whole 480 00:30:01,600 --> 00:30:06,720 Speaker 1: small government bent. That's kind of a big deal with Republicans. So, uh, 481 00:30:07,200 --> 00:30:10,200 Speaker 1: we have these two parties. Things got really ugly. Uh. 482 00:30:10,240 --> 00:30:13,480 Speaker 1: They weren't afraid to I mean, they weren't nice guys 483 00:30:13,520 --> 00:30:16,200 Speaker 1: with each other. They weren't afraid to to argue and 484 00:30:16,440 --> 00:30:19,280 Speaker 1: yell and scream about the I mean, this is the 485 00:30:19,280 --> 00:30:24,720 Speaker 1: direction of the country at very tentative time. You know, 486 00:30:24,760 --> 00:30:26,880 Speaker 1: we could have gone one of two ways. So it 487 00:30:26,920 --> 00:30:28,800 Speaker 1: was it was a big deal. Yeah, it wasn't just 488 00:30:28,880 --> 00:30:31,000 Speaker 1: a matter of passing a couple of laws. It's like, 489 00:30:31,000 --> 00:30:34,320 Speaker 1: what kind of country do we want to be? Yeah, 490 00:30:34,720 --> 00:30:39,240 Speaker 1: in Hamilton's kind of one? He definitely one. Uh. He 491 00:30:39,360 --> 00:30:45,000 Speaker 1: left public office as uh when he resigned as Treasury Secretary, 492 00:30:45,080 --> 00:30:50,280 Speaker 1: but he was far from leaving politics, still very heavily involved. 493 00:30:50,400 --> 00:30:53,800 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, he kept his his thumb on the Federalist 494 00:30:53,880 --> 00:30:56,880 Speaker 1: Party as as much as he could. And um, he 495 00:30:57,280 --> 00:31:04,360 Speaker 1: actually ended up basically screwing up the party's chances of 496 00:31:04,400 --> 00:31:07,960 Speaker 1: the presidency from that point on when he became involved 497 00:31:07,960 --> 00:31:11,520 Speaker 1: in I think the election, right, he kind of destroyed 498 00:31:11,880 --> 00:31:14,920 Speaker 1: his own party. Uh Huh. So John Adams was the 499 00:31:14,960 --> 00:31:19,440 Speaker 1: country's second president, and Adams was a Federalist, but he 500 00:31:19,640 --> 00:31:22,480 Speaker 1: and Hamilton's didn't really get along. They didn't see things 501 00:31:22,880 --> 00:31:26,640 Speaker 1: eye to eye. They couldn't stand each other. And um, 502 00:31:26,880 --> 00:31:31,400 Speaker 1: they were both members of Washington's cabinet. Uh, and Adams 503 00:31:31,520 --> 00:31:36,240 Speaker 1: was very much the older than Um. Alexander Hamilton's and 504 00:31:36,800 --> 00:31:39,560 Speaker 1: he kind of got pushed to the side whenever there 505 00:31:39,680 --> 00:31:44,640 Speaker 1: was um a in their rivalry is whenever Washington was around, 506 00:31:44,640 --> 00:31:47,280 Speaker 1: because he kind of favored Hamilton's more than Adams. Right, 507 00:31:47,480 --> 00:31:51,920 Speaker 1: I'm picturing Paul Giamati shoving around lin Manuel Miranda. Right, Okay, 508 00:31:52,840 --> 00:31:55,200 Speaker 1: you know, right, one of those guys is cooler than 509 00:31:55,240 --> 00:31:59,800 Speaker 1: the other. Who it's Paul Giamati. No, I'm just kidding. 510 00:32:00,360 --> 00:32:02,600 Speaker 1: I don't know. Paul giamight is kind of a cool cat. No, 511 00:32:02,760 --> 00:32:04,840 Speaker 1: he's In fact, I knew someone who worked on a 512 00:32:04,880 --> 00:32:08,240 Speaker 1: movie with him locally and our buddy Craig, and he 513 00:32:08,400 --> 00:32:09,960 Speaker 1: was like, he went out with us a few times, 514 00:32:09,960 --> 00:32:12,840 Speaker 1: like drinking, and he was like the coolest guy. That's neat. Yeah, 515 00:32:12,880 --> 00:32:15,000 Speaker 1: So that's what that's I expect that from him there 516 00:32:15,000 --> 00:32:19,280 Speaker 1: in it'sie for cool dudes. Okay. So, um, Paul Giamati 517 00:32:19,400 --> 00:32:21,560 Speaker 1: is like, I don't like you Li Manuel, and lim 518 00:32:21,560 --> 00:32:26,560 Speaker 1: Manuel is like I don't care sucking egg and um Broadway, 519 00:32:26,640 --> 00:32:30,400 Speaker 1: you just had an HBO show, right exactly. So, Um, 520 00:32:30,880 --> 00:32:35,080 Speaker 1: when Adams comes to power, he very much freezes um 521 00:32:35,280 --> 00:32:39,720 Speaker 1: Hamilton's out of the Federalist Party. Well yeah, and he 522 00:32:39,720 --> 00:32:42,720 Speaker 1: he's said some really nasty things. He questioned his integrity. 523 00:32:42,800 --> 00:32:47,640 Speaker 1: He called him a bastard, Uh, a bastard, creole immigrant 524 00:32:48,400 --> 00:32:53,360 Speaker 1: like he was not nice. Okay, so um Hamilton's doesn't 525 00:32:53,400 --> 00:32:58,440 Speaker 1: like this. He starts writing about Adams and just what 526 00:32:58,520 --> 00:33:01,600 Speaker 1: a terrible person he thinks as he went after him hard. 527 00:33:01,880 --> 00:33:04,880 Speaker 1: But he didn't go after him publicly. It was actually 528 00:33:04,920 --> 00:33:07,640 Speaker 1: Aaron Burr, who, from what I understand it was a 529 00:33:07,640 --> 00:33:12,680 Speaker 1: pretty big scoundrel. He he got his hands on these 530 00:33:12,760 --> 00:33:17,520 Speaker 1: private papers, I think private correspondents and published them just 531 00:33:17,600 --> 00:33:20,960 Speaker 1: in time for the eight hundred election. And in the 532 00:33:21,000 --> 00:33:24,520 Speaker 1: eight hundred election there John Adams was up for re 533 00:33:24,600 --> 00:33:27,960 Speaker 1: election for a second term. Uh, and then Thomas Jefferson 534 00:33:28,440 --> 00:33:32,360 Speaker 1: and Aaron Burr were running against him, both as Republicans, right, 535 00:33:33,120 --> 00:33:37,480 Speaker 1: and with the publication of these this basically slander against 536 00:33:37,640 --> 00:33:41,160 Speaker 1: John Adams at the hands of Alexander Hamilton's it created 537 00:33:41,320 --> 00:33:44,840 Speaker 1: enough in fighting in the Federalist Party that they they 538 00:33:44,840 --> 00:33:46,480 Speaker 1: were out of the race and it was down to 539 00:33:46,480 --> 00:33:51,800 Speaker 1: the two Republicans. They actually tied and congress Um Congress 540 00:33:52,880 --> 00:33:56,800 Speaker 1: decided who would win. If I remember correctly, right, yeah, 541 00:33:56,840 --> 00:33:58,120 Speaker 1: I think it went to the House and there was 542 00:33:58,160 --> 00:34:01,120 Speaker 1: a tie there. Then it went to Congress and uh 543 00:34:01,400 --> 00:34:04,680 Speaker 1: the Senate. So what the Senate went to the House 544 00:34:04,720 --> 00:34:07,280 Speaker 1: and then the Senate. Yes, I believe that's correct. Okay, 545 00:34:07,320 --> 00:34:12,279 Speaker 1: so um they they ultimately voted for Jefferson. And at 546 00:34:12,320 --> 00:34:13,799 Speaker 1: the time, if you were the runner up in a 547 00:34:13,840 --> 00:34:16,719 Speaker 1: presidential election, you became vice president. So Aaron Burr became 548 00:34:16,840 --> 00:34:20,600 Speaker 1: vice president. But was it just tore Hamilton's apart that 549 00:34:20,680 --> 00:34:22,719 Speaker 1: he had to figure out who to support in this 550 00:34:23,120 --> 00:34:26,160 Speaker 1: He didn't like either one of them. But um, Burr 551 00:34:26,280 --> 00:34:29,919 Speaker 1: was just a jerk. He was an aristocratic rich kid 552 00:34:30,480 --> 00:34:34,680 Speaker 1: who clearly was getting into politics to become more famous, 553 00:34:34,719 --> 00:34:38,520 Speaker 1: to make more money. Uh he was. He was impure 554 00:34:38,560 --> 00:34:43,640 Speaker 1: of heart and intention. And despite how Hamilton's felt about Jefferson, 555 00:34:44,200 --> 00:34:47,040 Speaker 1: I mean, like this is his mortal enemy basically, yeah, 556 00:34:47,080 --> 00:34:49,680 Speaker 1: well one of them, he had a bunch. But despite 557 00:34:49,719 --> 00:34:51,799 Speaker 1: how he felt about him, he was like, at least Jefferson, 558 00:34:51,920 --> 00:34:55,520 Speaker 1: I think isn't a jerk and wants like good things 559 00:34:55,520 --> 00:34:58,560 Speaker 1: for America. And I can't even say that about burr R. Right, So, 560 00:34:58,680 --> 00:35:02,279 Speaker 1: like if Alexander ham Alton was a great statesman terrible politician, 561 00:35:02,600 --> 00:35:07,680 Speaker 1: alex Aaron Burr was a pretty good politician, terrible statesman. Um. Yeah, 562 00:35:07,719 --> 00:35:11,560 Speaker 1: So he threw his support behind Thomas Jefferson UH and 563 00:35:12,320 --> 00:35:16,279 Speaker 1: against Aaron Burr so much so that apparently he made 564 00:35:16,280 --> 00:35:19,040 Speaker 1: a remark at a dinner party about Aaron Burr's character 565 00:35:19,200 --> 00:35:22,360 Speaker 1: that got back to Aaron Burr and it was vicious 566 00:35:22,520 --> 00:35:25,359 Speaker 1: enough that he challenged them to a duel. And we'll 567 00:35:25,360 --> 00:35:48,640 Speaker 1: talk about that right after this. So we did a 568 00:35:48,680 --> 00:35:52,960 Speaker 1: good episode on duels any years ago and we covered 569 00:35:52,960 --> 00:35:56,799 Speaker 1: this duel. Uh, but we would be remiss not to 570 00:35:56,800 --> 00:36:01,480 Speaker 1: go over it again. UM. Hamilton has been challenged to 571 00:36:01,520 --> 00:36:03,360 Speaker 1: a lot of duels over the years, which is no 572 00:36:03,440 --> 00:36:06,480 Speaker 1: surprise because he was not afraid to mix it up. 573 00:36:07,360 --> 00:36:12,200 Speaker 1: But at the time, duels were like they didn't often 574 00:36:12,239 --> 00:36:14,640 Speaker 1: go down. Like you, you could almost always talk your 575 00:36:14,680 --> 00:36:17,600 Speaker 1: way out of a duel by doing a certain certain 576 00:36:17,640 --> 00:36:23,160 Speaker 1: amount of apologizing without fully like uh, destroying your reputation 577 00:36:23,320 --> 00:36:26,319 Speaker 1: as like someone who stood behind his word. And in 578 00:36:26,320 --> 00:36:28,960 Speaker 1: this case he Hamilton's very much tried to get out 579 00:36:28,960 --> 00:36:32,680 Speaker 1: of this duel. Uh went so far as to almost 580 00:36:32,719 --> 00:36:36,560 Speaker 1: offer a full retraction, which is a miracle for Hamilton's 581 00:36:36,880 --> 00:36:39,000 Speaker 1: but a Burr was having none of it. He like 582 00:36:39,120 --> 00:36:42,280 Speaker 1: really wanted this to go down, and it went down. 583 00:36:42,480 --> 00:36:45,600 Speaker 1: It did. Um. It was we hawk in New Jersey, 584 00:36:45,680 --> 00:36:48,960 Speaker 1: which is like along the shores of the Hudson and UM. 585 00:36:49,920 --> 00:36:55,840 Speaker 1: Three years earlier, Uh, Alexander Hamilton's firstborn son, Philip, who 586 00:36:55,960 --> 00:36:58,719 Speaker 1: the family had put basically all of their hopes and 587 00:36:59,480 --> 00:37:03,440 Speaker 1: dreams into, was killed in a duel himself. There him 588 00:37:03,440 --> 00:37:05,799 Speaker 1: for his dad. Yeah, there was a guy who was 589 00:37:05,840 --> 00:37:09,400 Speaker 1: slandering his dad publicly and Philip demanded a retraction and 590 00:37:09,440 --> 00:37:12,319 Speaker 1: the guy said, no, dude, down the gauntlet. So yeah, 591 00:37:12,360 --> 00:37:14,600 Speaker 1: Philip challenged him to a duel and they met it 592 00:37:14,680 --> 00:37:18,520 Speaker 1: we Hawking and Philip was killed at that duel. And 593 00:37:18,840 --> 00:37:22,000 Speaker 1: three years later at the same spot when Alexander Hamilton's 594 00:37:22,000 --> 00:37:25,480 Speaker 1: met Aaron Burr, historians think this was on his mind 595 00:37:26,239 --> 00:37:31,080 Speaker 1: and that he actually um purposefully missed Aaron Burr because 596 00:37:31,080 --> 00:37:33,800 Speaker 1: he saw what can happen in a duel. But Aaron 597 00:37:33,800 --> 00:37:36,719 Speaker 1: Burr was like, thanks for the free ride, chump, and 598 00:37:36,760 --> 00:37:40,120 Speaker 1: shot him in the stomach. Yeah. They were very Nobody 599 00:37:40,160 --> 00:37:43,480 Speaker 1: knows for sure what happened. They were conflicting accounts um 600 00:37:43,680 --> 00:37:47,120 Speaker 1: whether or not he purposefully missed, whether he didn't shoot 601 00:37:47,160 --> 00:37:50,200 Speaker 1: at all and got fired upon and then accidentally fired 602 00:37:50,200 --> 00:37:53,919 Speaker 1: his weapon. Um. No one actually saw it go down. 603 00:37:53,960 --> 00:37:56,879 Speaker 1: They do know there were two shots. Uh fired though 604 00:37:56,920 --> 00:38:00,320 Speaker 1: because of the noise, and UM, yeah, he got a 605 00:38:00,320 --> 00:38:03,799 Speaker 1: a bullet through the liver and through his abdomen and 606 00:38:03,920 --> 00:38:07,680 Speaker 1: immediately said to his confidant who rushed up to him, 607 00:38:07,719 --> 00:38:10,600 Speaker 1: He's like, this is it. Yeah, this is a mortal wound. 608 00:38:10,800 --> 00:38:16,239 Speaker 1: And some people even say that he was goating Burr 609 00:38:16,280 --> 00:38:20,560 Speaker 1: into killing him that day with the way he handled 610 00:38:20,560 --> 00:38:23,040 Speaker 1: the duel and like he was taking his time putting 611 00:38:23,080 --> 00:38:25,759 Speaker 1: on his glasses. He had a special gun that had 612 00:38:25,760 --> 00:38:28,840 Speaker 1: a hair trigger, which would make it easier to aim. Uh. 613 00:38:28,920 --> 00:38:32,480 Speaker 1: There's all these weird, conflicting accounts. Um, it's kind of 614 00:38:32,480 --> 00:38:34,520 Speaker 1: frustrating that no one knows like the actual truth. I 615 00:38:34,560 --> 00:38:38,680 Speaker 1: think it is frustrating. I that's very odd that he 616 00:38:38,760 --> 00:38:43,880 Speaker 1: would have, um wanted to die at this point. It 617 00:38:43,960 --> 00:38:47,239 Speaker 1: doesn't seem like his life was well. I don't think 618 00:38:47,239 --> 00:38:49,080 Speaker 1: he thought he was gonna die. I think he thought 619 00:38:49,200 --> 00:38:53,120 Speaker 1: he could destroy Burr's reputation by being a gentleman and 620 00:38:53,239 --> 00:38:56,600 Speaker 1: firing into the air, and then Burr actually shooting him. 621 00:38:56,880 --> 00:38:59,719 Speaker 1: He lives and is a bit of a martyr. I 622 00:38:59,760 --> 00:39:03,600 Speaker 1: got a living murder that didn't happen. No, he died. No, 623 00:39:03,880 --> 00:39:06,759 Speaker 1: And before he died, his his reputation had gone down 624 00:39:06,840 --> 00:39:09,880 Speaker 1: quite a bit thanks to an extramarital affair that he 625 00:39:09,960 --> 00:39:14,919 Speaker 1: had um starting in I think seventeen ninety one, while 626 00:39:14,920 --> 00:39:18,800 Speaker 1: he was still the Secretary of the Treasury. Right. So, uh, 627 00:39:18,880 --> 00:39:23,160 Speaker 1: he met a woman named Maria Reynolds who showed up 628 00:39:23,200 --> 00:39:27,919 Speaker 1: on his doorstep in Philadelphia and said, Hey, I am 629 00:39:28,000 --> 00:39:30,520 Speaker 1: in great trouble. My husband left me with this kid. 630 00:39:31,000 --> 00:39:33,279 Speaker 1: I'm from New York. I know you're from New York. 631 00:39:33,680 --> 00:39:36,840 Speaker 1: He can can I have some money? And uh, it 632 00:39:36,960 --> 00:39:39,239 Speaker 1: just kind of went from there, right, So he ended 633 00:39:39,320 --> 00:39:41,680 Speaker 1: up having a I think a three year long affair. Well, 634 00:39:41,719 --> 00:39:43,640 Speaker 1: he gave her some money and she said, how can 635 00:39:43,680 --> 00:39:45,200 Speaker 1: I ever repay you? And he went, well, I have 636 00:39:45,440 --> 00:39:50,200 Speaker 1: one idea. She said okay, and that kind of became 637 00:39:50,200 --> 00:39:53,120 Speaker 1: the arrangement. Yep, so um again this one I'm for 638 00:39:53,200 --> 00:39:56,840 Speaker 1: three years. And it turned out that um, Mrs Reynolds 639 00:39:56,880 --> 00:40:02,840 Speaker 1: husband was a criminal himself and that this was all 640 00:40:02,880 --> 00:40:06,680 Speaker 1: an extortion attempt. Um he hadn't left her at all. 641 00:40:06,960 --> 00:40:11,560 Speaker 1: They had plotted together and um they were extorting money 642 00:40:11,680 --> 00:40:17,799 Speaker 1: from uh, from Alexander Hamilton's and when Mr Reynolds, James 643 00:40:17,800 --> 00:40:22,439 Speaker 1: Reynolds was caught in another scandal, um, he said, hey, 644 00:40:22,719 --> 00:40:24,880 Speaker 1: get this, you guys should take it easy at me, 645 00:40:24,880 --> 00:40:27,360 Speaker 1: because I got some great information. You're gonna love. You know, 646 00:40:27,440 --> 00:40:30,080 Speaker 1: the Secretary of the Treasury, Well, me and my wife 647 00:40:30,080 --> 00:40:33,440 Speaker 1: have been extorting him what I can only assume is 648 00:40:33,680 --> 00:40:38,120 Speaker 1: federal money for years. Now go go talk to him. 649 00:40:38,160 --> 00:40:41,520 Speaker 1: And they did. That's right. And Hamilton's uh, he had 650 00:40:43,000 --> 00:40:45,760 Speaker 1: one thing he couldn't stand for is for his integrity 651 00:40:45,800 --> 00:40:50,000 Speaker 1: to be questioned. And uh, in this case, not integrity 652 00:40:50,200 --> 00:40:55,120 Speaker 1: is being a faithful husband, but integrity and stealing from 653 00:40:55,320 --> 00:40:57,879 Speaker 1: the government. And he's like, I won't stand for that. 654 00:40:58,000 --> 00:41:00,719 Speaker 1: I'm gonna come out and say, you know, I was 655 00:41:00,800 --> 00:41:03,719 Speaker 1: having an affair and I was making payments and they 656 00:41:03,719 --> 00:41:07,000 Speaker 1: were from my personal funds. Here's the letters to prove it. Yeah, 657 00:41:07,920 --> 00:41:11,280 Speaker 1: which was pretty remarkable. It was stroyed his political career 658 00:41:11,600 --> 00:41:13,680 Speaker 1: in the process. But he was like, no one's gonna 659 00:41:13,680 --> 00:41:16,600 Speaker 1: accuse me of pilfering money from the country that I love. Yeah, 660 00:41:16,640 --> 00:41:20,880 Speaker 1: And originally that he was approached by a delegation um 661 00:41:20,920 --> 00:41:24,799 Speaker 1: of investigators I think including James Madison, who said no, 662 00:41:24,960 --> 00:41:27,960 Speaker 1: James Monroe, I'm sorry, who said, hey man, we're you're 663 00:41:27,960 --> 00:41:32,880 Speaker 1: being accused of using government funds as hush money. Um, 664 00:41:33,040 --> 00:41:35,879 Speaker 1: you want to you want to speak to this And 665 00:41:36,000 --> 00:41:40,720 Speaker 1: he produced the love letters that exonerated him privately, and 666 00:41:41,000 --> 00:41:43,880 Speaker 1: Monroe and the other investigators agreed to just keep the 667 00:41:43,920 --> 00:41:46,839 Speaker 1: matter private because they saw that that was a false accusation, 668 00:41:47,000 --> 00:41:49,560 Speaker 1: that he'd been using his own money to um to 669 00:41:49,600 --> 00:41:53,760 Speaker 1: cover the extortion. And uh, but he let them walk 670 00:41:53,800 --> 00:41:57,439 Speaker 1: with the love letters provided they kept him confidential. Well, 671 00:41:57,560 --> 00:41:59,920 Speaker 1: one of them gave him to Thomas Jefferson, and Jefferson 672 00:42:00,080 --> 00:42:04,040 Speaker 1: was like, oh baby, what, thank you God for dropping 673 00:42:04,080 --> 00:42:05,920 Speaker 1: this in my lap. I hate this guy, he's my 674 00:42:05,960 --> 00:42:08,200 Speaker 1: political rival. I'm going to see to it that these 675 00:42:08,200 --> 00:42:11,040 Speaker 1: things are published. And so they got published, and as 676 00:42:11,040 --> 00:42:14,359 Speaker 1: a result of them being published, that's when Hamilton was like, well, 677 00:42:14,400 --> 00:42:17,200 Speaker 1: I'll published my own explanation, and he did, and he 678 00:42:17,239 --> 00:42:20,000 Speaker 1: went he went large with it and went wide and 679 00:42:20,120 --> 00:42:22,680 Speaker 1: everyone knew. But like I said, at least he was 680 00:42:22,840 --> 00:42:25,440 Speaker 1: proven out to not be ripping off his government, right, 681 00:42:25,480 --> 00:42:28,200 Speaker 1: So everybody was like, good for that. But at the 682 00:42:28,239 --> 00:42:31,360 Speaker 1: same time, uh, you just confess to an affair in 683 00:42:31,400 --> 00:42:35,040 Speaker 1: a in a publication that you published yourself. So that's 684 00:42:35,040 --> 00:42:37,920 Speaker 1: the part we're gonna remember. So his star definitely waned 685 00:42:37,960 --> 00:42:40,839 Speaker 1: as a result of that. He wasn't um as as 686 00:42:41,280 --> 00:42:43,799 Speaker 1: important in the Federalist Party he was. He didn't hold 687 00:42:44,000 --> 00:42:49,280 Speaker 1: any civil office any longer. Um. And by the time 688 00:42:49,480 --> 00:42:54,399 Speaker 1: he was killed in the duel forty nine years old. Yeah, 689 00:42:54,440 --> 00:42:56,880 Speaker 1: and his finances have been pretty stretched. He built a 690 00:42:56,880 --> 00:42:59,200 Speaker 1: place called the Grange on thirty five acres and what 691 00:42:59,320 --> 00:43:02,360 Speaker 1: is now hard him uh, and it almost bankrupted his 692 00:43:02,400 --> 00:43:06,759 Speaker 1: family apparently. Yeah, and he um, like you said, he 693 00:43:06,760 --> 00:43:08,799 Speaker 1: had stretched himself too thin. He was out of the 694 00:43:08,800 --> 00:43:11,360 Speaker 1: public eye for the most part, and once he died 695 00:43:11,760 --> 00:43:15,360 Speaker 1: and was not around to vigorously defend himself, people like 696 00:43:15,440 --> 00:43:19,120 Speaker 1: Adams and Jefferson and Madison jumped on him, uh and 697 00:43:19,400 --> 00:43:22,160 Speaker 1: started writing these things about you know, he wanted a monarchy, 698 00:43:22,320 --> 00:43:24,440 Speaker 1: He wasn't a good guy. He didn't have the the 699 00:43:24,480 --> 00:43:27,080 Speaker 1: best interest of the country, which was really a shame. 700 00:43:27,640 --> 00:43:29,200 Speaker 1: And for many years I think that had a big 701 00:43:29,239 --> 00:43:33,440 Speaker 1: impact on how he was viewed in America. Like, you know, 702 00:43:33,520 --> 00:43:36,640 Speaker 1: he doesn't have a statue in Washington, d C. Yeah, 703 00:43:37,000 --> 00:43:39,879 Speaker 1: he doesn't have a memorial in Washington, d C. Yet 704 00:43:41,000 --> 00:43:43,480 Speaker 1: are they trying to get one? I'm sure lin Manuel 705 00:43:43,560 --> 00:43:48,320 Speaker 1: Miranda's like, come on, well, the one guy, that one historian, 706 00:43:48,840 --> 00:43:51,360 Speaker 1: it's really great. At the end, he was like, America 707 00:43:51,520 --> 00:43:54,719 Speaker 1: is his memorial. Like you're you're living in his memorial. 708 00:43:55,880 --> 00:44:00,080 Speaker 1: Pretty powerful. So now scholars have gotten on board and 709 00:44:00,120 --> 00:44:02,840 Speaker 1: they said, you know what, this guy was actually perhaps 710 00:44:02,920 --> 00:44:06,680 Speaker 1: the most influential person in our history to the America 711 00:44:06,760 --> 00:44:11,839 Speaker 1: that we look around at today. Yeah, the coast Guard, lighthouses, lighthouses, 712 00:44:12,600 --> 00:44:16,320 Speaker 1: that's it. Uh, the well, just the whole the structure 713 00:44:16,320 --> 00:44:20,480 Speaker 1: of our economy, the fact that we have a central bank, um, 714 00:44:21,120 --> 00:44:25,799 Speaker 1: the fact that the government intervenes in financial crises. He's 715 00:44:25,840 --> 00:44:28,400 Speaker 1: credited with coming up with the stock market after that 716 00:44:28,400 --> 00:44:32,680 Speaker 1: panic of He got the biggest traders around to meet 717 00:44:32,719 --> 00:44:34,720 Speaker 1: him in New York and say, hey, let's all sign 718 00:44:34,719 --> 00:44:38,239 Speaker 1: a letter of cooperation. And that became the New York 719 00:44:38,239 --> 00:44:42,480 Speaker 1: Stock Exchange. And he's buried steps from the New York 720 00:44:42,480 --> 00:44:46,720 Speaker 1: Stock Exchange. Uh. He founded the Bank of New York. 721 00:44:46,920 --> 00:44:48,960 Speaker 1: That was one of three banks that he founded, two 722 00:44:49,040 --> 00:44:51,000 Speaker 1: national banks in the Bank of New York and the 723 00:44:51,000 --> 00:44:53,480 Speaker 1: Bank of New York actually was still in continuous operation 724 00:44:53,600 --> 00:44:55,920 Speaker 1: until I think two thousand eight or two thousand eleven 725 00:44:55,920 --> 00:45:00,719 Speaker 1: when Chemical Banker City Group took it over. But it 726 00:45:01,000 --> 00:45:08,279 Speaker 1: had been like operating continuously since I think seventeen ninety four. Right. 727 00:45:08,840 --> 00:45:12,319 Speaker 1: He founded the New York Post newspaper. Yeah, I had 728 00:45:12,320 --> 00:45:14,920 Speaker 1: a what was the original name, the New York Evening Post, 729 00:45:15,280 --> 00:45:17,640 Speaker 1: which became the Post, and he founded that so he 730 00:45:17,640 --> 00:45:19,880 Speaker 1: could get his word out. Yeah. It was a federalist 731 00:45:19,960 --> 00:45:24,879 Speaker 1: newspaper originally. Pretty pretty amazing guy. He did quite a bit. 732 00:45:24,920 --> 00:45:28,960 Speaker 1: And yeah, he is starting to get his his due recognition. Yeah. 733 00:45:29,000 --> 00:45:32,040 Speaker 1: And he you mentioned the Grange Um. It was the 734 00:45:32,040 --> 00:45:34,040 Speaker 1: only home he ever owned in New York. He lived 735 00:45:34,040 --> 00:45:36,880 Speaker 1: downtown for most of his life in apartments, but finally 736 00:45:36,880 --> 00:45:41,040 Speaker 1: bought that land uh and the suburb of Harlem and 737 00:45:41,320 --> 00:45:45,000 Speaker 1: Um in eighteen eighty nine. That home was donated to 738 00:45:45,080 --> 00:45:47,680 Speaker 1: a New York church, UH if they moved it two 739 00:45:47,760 --> 00:45:50,279 Speaker 1: hundred and fifty feet, which they did, and then in 740 00:45:50,320 --> 00:45:55,160 Speaker 1: the nineteen sixties it fell into uh disrepair basically, and 741 00:45:55,200 --> 00:45:57,360 Speaker 1: they said, you know, now it's part of the National 742 00:45:57,400 --> 00:45:59,839 Speaker 1: Park Service. We need to honor this house. Let's find 743 00:45:59,840 --> 00:46:02,200 Speaker 1: it location for it and restore it. And it took 744 00:46:02,200 --> 00:46:06,680 Speaker 1: about thirty years and then finally uh in two thousand 745 00:46:06,760 --> 00:46:11,480 Speaker 1: eleven September UH fourteen point five million dollars later reopened 746 00:46:11,520 --> 00:46:16,640 Speaker 1: to the public near St. Nicholas Park. Pretty amazing, yep. 747 00:46:16,800 --> 00:46:19,560 Speaker 1: And he's buried right there behind Trinity Church, around the 748 00:46:19,560 --> 00:46:23,920 Speaker 1: corner from the Stock Exchange, lasting legacy. It's on Broadway. 749 00:46:26,480 --> 00:46:31,080 Speaker 1: Immigrant bastard child. Amazing, Pretty amazing. So I wonder if 750 00:46:31,080 --> 00:46:33,120 Speaker 1: he got a music written about him. At first, when 751 00:46:33,120 --> 00:46:34,560 Speaker 1: that first came out, I didn't know a lot about him. 752 00:46:34,560 --> 00:46:37,160 Speaker 1: I was like a lot somebody writing a musical about him, 753 00:46:37,160 --> 00:46:39,200 Speaker 1: and then you read up on it and you're like, oh, 754 00:46:39,280 --> 00:46:43,640 Speaker 1: that's exactly why true underdog. Yeah he was. He was great. 755 00:46:44,200 --> 00:46:47,920 Speaker 1: I like him. If you want to know more about 756 00:46:47,920 --> 00:46:52,000 Speaker 1: Alexander Hamilton's go to Broadway. Uh. And you can also 757 00:46:52,160 --> 00:46:54,120 Speaker 1: type those words in the search bar how stuff works 758 00:46:54,160 --> 00:46:56,800 Speaker 1: dot com. And since I said Broadway, it's time for 759 00:46:56,920 --> 00:47:03,520 Speaker 1: listener mail, I'm gonna call this rare shout out. Hey guys, 760 00:47:03,560 --> 00:47:06,279 Speaker 1: to know us. This isn't your usual m O. But 761 00:47:06,320 --> 00:47:08,319 Speaker 1: I was hoping you'd be able to publicly thank my 762 00:47:08,360 --> 00:47:12,319 Speaker 1: friend Jeff Beverage. This guy's name. It's a great name. 763 00:47:13,239 --> 00:47:15,080 Speaker 1: He's my best friend for fifteen years and it's been 764 00:47:15,080 --> 00:47:16,879 Speaker 1: like a brother to me. He's the one that got 765 00:47:16,880 --> 00:47:19,319 Speaker 1: me hooked on your show. Recently, he has stepped up 766 00:47:19,320 --> 00:47:23,160 Speaker 1: even more after my family suffered a pretty devastating house fire. 767 00:47:23,719 --> 00:47:25,480 Speaker 1: We had lots of family and friends reaching out the 768 00:47:25,520 --> 00:47:27,960 Speaker 1: support us, but he offered to take in my pet 769 00:47:28,000 --> 00:47:30,239 Speaker 1: turtle and toward us that we didn't have room for 770 00:47:30,320 --> 00:47:32,759 Speaker 1: in our rental house. It's hard to fathom just how 771 00:47:32,880 --> 00:47:36,560 Speaker 1: you'll be able to repay and thank him for thank 772 00:47:36,600 --> 00:47:38,640 Speaker 1: all of our family and friends. I know the best 773 00:47:38,640 --> 00:47:41,560 Speaker 1: way to thank Bev. So what they call him would 774 00:47:41,560 --> 00:47:44,400 Speaker 1: be a shout out from you guys. Even better if 775 00:47:44,440 --> 00:47:48,200 Speaker 1: you would call him a schmump, which is a combination 776 00:47:48,280 --> 00:47:51,080 Speaker 1: of a schmuck and a chump. Well, I don't know 777 00:47:51,080 --> 00:47:54,680 Speaker 1: if we should do that. Well, I mean, it sounds 778 00:47:54,719 --> 00:47:58,120 Speaker 1: like it would make Bev's day, So I, for one, 779 00:47:58,760 --> 00:48:02,280 Speaker 1: we'll say, Bev, sir, you are a first rate schmump smump. 780 00:48:03,760 --> 00:48:05,880 Speaker 1: What if we just made him cry? I doubt it. 781 00:48:06,160 --> 00:48:07,919 Speaker 1: I hope you had a great UK tour. We did, 782 00:48:08,160 --> 00:48:09,880 Speaker 1: and we look forward to hearing some of the tangents 783 00:48:09,880 --> 00:48:12,960 Speaker 1: from the travels you might thanks for all the hours 784 00:48:13,000 --> 00:48:16,120 Speaker 1: of entertainment, and that is from Kevin Barrett. Nice. Well, 785 00:48:16,120 --> 00:48:20,280 Speaker 1: there you go, Kevin, your wish has been fulfilled. Uh. 786 00:48:20,320 --> 00:48:23,440 Speaker 1: You're a schmump too, Kevin, thanks for thanks for that. 787 00:48:23,920 --> 00:48:27,120 Speaker 1: Thank you, Bev for being a top notch person. Uh. 788 00:48:27,120 --> 00:48:28,680 Speaker 1: And if you want to get in touch with this, 789 00:48:28,800 --> 00:48:31,080 Speaker 1: you can hang out with us on Twitter at s 790 00:48:31,200 --> 00:48:33,080 Speaker 1: Y s K podcast. You can hang out with me 791 00:48:33,120 --> 00:48:36,640 Speaker 1: too at Josh Underscore, um Underscore Clark. You can hang 792 00:48:36,680 --> 00:48:40,400 Speaker 1: out with us on Facebook. Chuck has his own Charles W. 793 00:48:40,680 --> 00:48:43,719 Speaker 1: Chuck Bryant. Right, that's right, sir, I've got one called 794 00:48:43,760 --> 00:48:47,000 Speaker 1: Super Josh Clark. Check it out. Yeah, good stuff going 795 00:48:47,040 --> 00:48:49,279 Speaker 1: on in those places. Yeah. And then of course you 796 00:48:49,280 --> 00:48:51,320 Speaker 1: can hang out the official Stuff you Should Know page 797 00:48:51,360 --> 00:48:54,000 Speaker 1: at Facebook dot com, slash stuff you Should Know. We're 798 00:48:54,000 --> 00:48:57,640 Speaker 1: on Instagram. You can send us an emails, the Stuff Podcast, 799 00:48:57,680 --> 00:48:59,880 Speaker 1: the House, Stuff Works dot com, and as always, you 800 00:49:00,040 --> 00:49:02,080 Speaker 1: can join us at our humble abode on the web, 801 00:49:02,200 --> 00:49:09,759 Speaker 1: Stuff You Show dot com for more on this and 802 00:49:09,840 --> 00:49:12,399 Speaker 1: thousands of other topics. Is it how Stuff Works dot 803 00:49:12,400 --> 00:49:19,800 Speaker 1: com