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Speaker 1: Welcome to Aaron Benky's Cabinet of Curiosities, a production of

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Speaker 1: I Heart Radio and Grim and Mild. Our world is

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Speaker 1: full of the unexplainable, and if history is an open book,

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Speaker 1: all of these amazing tales are right there on display,

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Speaker 1: just waiting for us to explore. Welcome to the Cabinet

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Speaker 1: of Curiosities. Everyone wants to be first, the first in line,

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Speaker 1: the first to tweet about a popular movie, the first

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Speaker 1: to leave a comment on a YouTube video, usually by

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Speaker 1: simply typing the word first. But there's a smaller club

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Speaker 1: of people who found themselves in the right place at

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Speaker 1: the right time, giving them a chance to be the

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Speaker 1: very first to experience something foundational, something most people take

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Speaker 1: for granted. And George was one of those people. Now,

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Speaker 1: I could tell you that George was born in eighteen

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Speaker 1: sixty five in Michigan. I could tell you that he

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Speaker 1: graduated from the United States Military Academy and received a

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Speaker 1: pH d from JOHNS. Hopkins in eighteen ninety three. I

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Speaker 1: could tell you all sorts of biographical details, but honestly,

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Speaker 1: none of those will be as exciting to you as

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Speaker 1: what happened to him in nineteen o eight, a year Earlier,

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Speaker 1: in nineteen o seven, George was part of a small

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Speaker 1: group of military officials who established the Aeronautical Division of

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Speaker 1: the U. S. Signal Corps. It was a branch of

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Speaker 1: the military that focused entirely on heavier than air flight. Naturally,

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Speaker 1: they were very interested in the work of the Wright Brothers,

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Speaker 1: who had managed to succeed at powered flight back in

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Speaker 1: nineteen o three. After their victory at Kitty Hawk, the

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Speaker 1: Wright Brothers toiled away on newer and better versions of

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Speaker 1: their planes Think iron Man, constantly tinkering with improvements and additions,

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Speaker 1: and never fully satisfied with the status quo. But by

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Speaker 1: nineteen o eight they had something they were willing to sell,

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Speaker 1: and George's group in the U. S. Military wanted to

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Speaker 1: buy it. On September twelfth of nineteen o eight, George

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Speaker 1: found himself inside one of those planes, the Right Flyer,

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Speaker 1: as it flew over the Earth, and in doing so

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Speaker 1: he became one of the first passengers to ever ride

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Speaker 1: in an airplane, and certainly the first member of the

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Speaker 1: military to do so. After that, he worked hard to

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Speaker 1: seal the deal buying the first airplanes for the U. S. Army.

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Speaker 1: Not bad for a bragworthy first, right Today, someone like

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Speaker 1: George would roll that experience into a popular Instagram account

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Speaker 1: and become an influencer. Back in the early nineteen hundreds, though,

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Speaker 1: it was just part of his job and there was

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Speaker 1: plenty more to do, because, you see, George was more

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Speaker 1: than a military officer. He was an inventor as well.

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Speaker 1: Years earlier, he had helped invent a device called the

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Speaker 1: Magneto optical street camera. It was used to measure the

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Speaker 1: speed of projectiles. He also dabbled in studies of electricity,

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Speaker 1: radio waves, and the telegraph system, and in nineteen ten

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Speaker 1: he developed a new technology for the telephone, allowing a

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Speaker 1: single telephone cable to carry multiple phone calls at once,

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Speaker 1: rather than just one at a time. But his biggest

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Speaker 1: legacy is probably one you've never noticed, even if it's

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Speaker 1: always been there. You see, back in nineteen eleven, he

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Speaker 1: took that idea about multiple calls on a single telephone

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Speaker 1: line and adapted it for radio signals. Basically, he figured

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Speaker 1: out how to send multiple signals over a single electrical line,

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Speaker 1: and he called it wired wireless. It was revolutionary. When

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Speaker 1: most people think of radio today, they think of radio

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Speaker 1: waves passing invisibly through the air, and to switch stations

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Speaker 1: you needed to tune your receiver to a different frequency.

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Speaker 1: But back in the nineteen twenties that was expensive and

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Speaker 1: it required a lot of complicated equipment. George's invention promised

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Speaker 1: to get around all that though, using a customer's own

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Speaker 1: electrical line, a whole range of stations could be hyped

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Speaker 1: directly into their location, and by the early nineteen thirties,

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Speaker 1: the ideal customer for his product was the thousands of

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Speaker 1: businesses all around America. It was music uninterrupted by flakey

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Speaker 1: radio waves for an inexpensive monthly charge. It was cable TV,

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Speaker 1: but for radio. Long before cable TV was ever a thing.

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Speaker 1: Of course, the typical radio world grew and expanded quickly,

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Speaker 1: making George's invention less and less necessary. But despite that,

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Speaker 1: there always seemed to be a need for reliable, consistent,

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Speaker 1: always on music in certain types of businesses, namely restaurants

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Speaker 1: and hotels. After all, elevators weren't very friendly to radio waves,

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Speaker 1: but George's wired radio worked perfectly. Today, his invention is

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Speaker 1: giving way to internet radio, still sold by subscription and

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Speaker 1: transmitted over cables like George envisioned a century ago. But

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Speaker 1: despite the product itself fading into the past, George Owen

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Speaker 1: squares name War, it seemed to have embedded itself into

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Speaker 1: popular culture as the epitome of boring instrumental music you

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Speaker 1: might encounter in an elevator his company music. There is

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Speaker 1: a great, big world out there with wonders just waiting

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Speaker 1: to be discovered. For European men of wealth in the

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Speaker 1: seventeenth and eighteen centuries, those wonders were often seen during

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Speaker 1: a trip known as the Grand Tour. The Grand Tour

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Speaker 1: was a rite of passage for young men coming of age.

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Speaker 1: They would travel throughout Europe and even into Asia, learning

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Speaker 1: about art and music, studying new language, and doing braggworthy

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Speaker 1: things like climbing the Alps. But it wasn't all academic.

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Speaker 1: In fact, as the practice wore on, it became more

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Speaker 1: of a shopping trip than an educational expedition. Rich men

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Speaker 1: from England and Ireland would purchase our works and objects

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Speaker 1: from far away and bring them home to show off

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Speaker 1: to their peers. This was how other cultures worked their

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Speaker 1: way into European architectural styles and art movements. But the

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Speaker 1: trips weren't just about material possessions. They were also about

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Speaker 1: seeing things you could only read about in books. Of course,

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Speaker 1: all good things must come to an end, and grand

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Speaker 1: tours usually lasted just a few months to a couple

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Speaker 1: of years at the most. But there was a path

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Speaker 1: for those who wanted to extend their grand tours and

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Speaker 1: spend their lives traveling the world, taking in new sites.

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Speaker 1: They went into the priesthood. That was the path Arthur

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Speaker 1: O'Leary took during the seventeen hundreds. O'Leary was born in

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Speaker 1: seventeen twenty nine in County Cork, Ireland. He came into

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Speaker 1: the world during a difficult time for his country, a

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Speaker 1: time when penal laws had been enacted against Irish Catholics

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Speaker 1: and Protestants. The goal had been to push them towards

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Speaker 1: the Church of Ireland. These laws made living in the

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Speaker 1: country difficult for a lot of people. O'Leary took his

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Speaker 1: leave as soon as he was able and moved to France.

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Speaker 1: He became a priest, not only preaching but writing on

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Speaker 1: the topics of religion and politics as well, for which

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Speaker 1: he became well known. He also gained notoriety for walking everywhere.

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Speaker 1: He didn't take carriages or travel on horseback. O'Leary traveled

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Speaker 1: on foot. As one writer put it, he used to

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Speaker 1: walk from the convent of St. Malow to the feet

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Speaker 1: of the Pyrenees. It was during this one particular stroll

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Speaker 1: in the north of France when his lifelong grand tour

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Speaker 1: took a strange turn. He'd been visiting the Bologna so

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Speaker 1: Mere and walking along the water when he came across

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Speaker 1: an impromptu performance. A brown bear on a leash had

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Speaker 1: captivated a group of spectators. With prodding from its handler,

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Speaker 1: the bear performed all kinds of tricks. It would count

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Speaker 1: with its paw and indicate the hour of the day

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Speaker 1: when shown a clock. If a member of the audience

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Speaker 1: waved to it, the bear would nod in their direction,

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Speaker 1: or even bow in reverence. Father O'Leary returned a few

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Speaker 1: more times to see the bear perform, but something struck

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Speaker 1: him as odd. On his final day in town, the

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Speaker 1: bear seemed tired, resting between tricks, despite its owner poking

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Speaker 1: it with a stick. The crowd was insatiable. They kept

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Speaker 1: throwing money at the handler, demanding more from the bear.

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Speaker 1: At one point, the creature seemed to have had enough,

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Speaker 1: and when its owner poked it yet again, it stood

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Speaker 1: up and let out a guttural roar, But it wasn't

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Speaker 1: the roar a bear would make. It sounded like words,

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Speaker 1: words that nobody but Father O'Leary could understand. The bear

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Speaker 1: was speaking the Irish language of Gilga. This was the

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Speaker 1: most amazing trick anyone had seen yet, a bear that

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Speaker 1: could talk. So Father O'Leary called out to it and

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Speaker 1: the two had a short conversation in their native tongue.

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Speaker 1: O'Leary soon left to track down the mayor of the town,

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Speaker 1: who he insisted should have a chat with the bear

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Speaker 1: as well. It was at that point that the handler

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Speaker 1: abandoned the animal and ran off. As it turns out,

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Speaker 1: the bear hadn't been a bear at all. He had

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Speaker 1: started out as a man just trying to survive. He

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Speaker 1: had come by boat from the town of Waterford in Ireland,

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Speaker 1: where food had been in short supply. On its way

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Speaker 1: to Spain, the boat had capsized and the man was

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Speaker 1: rescued by fisherman. Once on land, though, they sewed him

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Speaker 1: into a bear costume and took him to France, where

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Speaker 1: they forced him to perform for people on the street.

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Speaker 1: Rather than pay him money, they gave him food the

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Speaker 1: one thing he had wanted more than anything else, and

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Speaker 1: it was the promise that he'd be fed after each

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Speaker 1: performance that had kept him in the costume for so long.

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Speaker 1: I know, performing for strangers in a bear costume might

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Speaker 1: seem intolerable to most, but for one man at least,

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Speaker 1: it was worth it because the thought of going hungry

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Speaker 1: it was much more unbearable. I hope you've enjoyed today's

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Speaker 1: guided tour of the Cabinet of Curiosities. Subscribe for free

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Speaker 1: on Apple Podcasts, or learn more about the show by

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Speaker 1: visiting Curiosities podcast dot com. The show was created by

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Speaker 1: me Aaron Manky in partnership with how Stuff Works. I

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Speaker 1: make another award winning show called Lore, which is a podcast,

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Speaker 1: book series, and television show, and you can learn all

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Speaker 1: about it over at the World of Lore dot com.

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Speaker 1: And until next time, stay curious. Yeah,