1 00:00:00,080 --> 00:00:05,080 Speaker 1: Fellow ridiculous historians Catholic and non Catholic alike. Thank you 2 00:00:05,200 --> 00:00:10,319 Speaker 1: so much for tuning into this weekend's classic episode. I 3 00:00:10,360 --> 00:00:14,240 Speaker 1: am Ben. That's our super producer Max Noel. 4 00:00:14,360 --> 00:00:14,720 Speaker 2: There's a. 5 00:00:16,440 --> 00:00:19,759 Speaker 1: Lot of Catholicism in the news recently, Yes. 6 00:00:20,040 --> 00:00:23,120 Speaker 2: Or a hat or whatever, Yeah, whatever you like, it's true. 7 00:00:23,120 --> 00:00:26,040 Speaker 2: We've got a conclave, a real life conclave going down 8 00:00:26,120 --> 00:00:29,160 Speaker 2: as we speak, the process where in a new pope 9 00:00:29,360 --> 00:00:33,520 Speaker 2: is selected ORIP Pope Francis, he's the good pope. Many 10 00:00:33,560 --> 00:00:36,840 Speaker 2: have described him ass or maybe that's just me, but yeah, 11 00:00:36,840 --> 00:00:37,760 Speaker 2: it's kind of a big deal. 12 00:00:38,159 --> 00:00:41,640 Speaker 1: Yeah, and tune into our episode on the Prophecy of 13 00:00:41,680 --> 00:00:45,360 Speaker 1: the Popes from our peer podcast stuff they don't want 14 00:00:45,400 --> 00:00:49,320 Speaker 1: you to know where. Yeah, we go deep into some 15 00:00:49,600 --> 00:00:54,520 Speaker 1: lore of the Catholic Church, one of the most important, 16 00:00:55,800 --> 00:00:58,640 Speaker 1: I would say, one of the most important spiritual and 17 00:01:00,400 --> 00:01:04,959 Speaker 1: geopolitical entities on the planet as we speak. They're no 18 00:01:05,120 --> 00:01:09,520 Speaker 1: stranger to scandal and controversy and back in oh gosh, 19 00:01:09,560 --> 00:01:13,400 Speaker 1: what was it twenty eighteen? Now you and I learned 20 00:01:13,800 --> 00:01:18,720 Speaker 1: about a thoroughly ridiculous courtroom situation. 21 00:01:19,080 --> 00:01:21,720 Speaker 2: Absolutely the title says it all, and it reminds me 22 00:01:21,760 --> 00:01:24,399 Speaker 2: of like a classic film or something from this fifties. 23 00:01:24,440 --> 00:01:26,600 Speaker 2: A dead pope goes to court. It's like mister Smith 24 00:01:26,640 --> 00:01:28,160 Speaker 2: goes to Washington or something like that. 25 00:01:28,280 --> 00:01:34,000 Speaker 3: Yes, so listening folks join us to learn what drove 26 00:01:34,319 --> 00:01:39,480 Speaker 3: Pope Stephen the sixth, also sometimes called Pope Stephen the seventh. 27 00:01:39,760 --> 00:01:41,800 Speaker 2: We could just say Pope Stephen is just funny in 28 00:01:41,840 --> 00:01:43,840 Speaker 2: and of itself. I don't know why, let's just call 29 00:01:43,880 --> 00:01:44,520 Speaker 2: him Pope Steve. 30 00:01:44,560 --> 00:01:47,400 Speaker 1: While we're at Pope Pope Steve sounds like a guy 31 00:01:48,000 --> 00:01:51,520 Speaker 1: who has his street name. Anyway. True story. One time 32 00:01:51,720 --> 00:01:55,840 Speaker 1: this dude dug up one of his predecessors who had 33 00:01:55,920 --> 00:02:00,760 Speaker 1: long passed from this mortal veil, and put the guy's 34 00:02:01,000 --> 00:02:02,040 Speaker 1: body on trial. 35 00:02:02,280 --> 00:02:04,680 Speaker 2: Not weird at all, totally normal. 36 00:02:04,640 --> 00:02:07,800 Speaker 1: Nothing weird and super norms. Let's roll the ridiculous tape. 37 00:02:10,600 --> 00:02:39,720 Speaker 1: Ridiculous History is a production of iHeartRadio. Okay, Usually when 38 00:02:39,760 --> 00:02:43,359 Speaker 1: we begin the show, we like to have some sort 39 00:02:43,440 --> 00:02:46,240 Speaker 1: of bit or some sort of reference, some sort of 40 00:02:46,280 --> 00:02:52,120 Speaker 1: tangential thing. But this story is so strange that I 41 00:02:52,160 --> 00:02:55,320 Speaker 1: feel like we I don't know how we open. I'm 42 00:02:55,360 --> 00:02:57,400 Speaker 1: just laughing to myself, Man, are you at a loss 43 00:02:57,400 --> 00:03:00,600 Speaker 1: for bits? I'm usually I've got a couple of back 44 00:03:00,639 --> 00:03:04,680 Speaker 1: pocket bits chomping at the bit, right, Uh, but I'm 45 00:03:04,760 --> 00:03:07,640 Speaker 1: not bitter about this. Hey, hey you're Nol. 46 00:03:07,919 --> 00:03:11,600 Speaker 2: I am Nol, and you, sir, are Ben the bitmeister bowling. 47 00:03:11,680 --> 00:03:14,200 Speaker 1: Oh, thank you, thank you Nol. And we are joined 48 00:03:14,240 --> 00:03:17,919 Speaker 1: with our super producer, Casey Pegram. 49 00:03:18,360 --> 00:03:18,440 Speaker 2: Uh. 50 00:03:19,120 --> 00:03:22,120 Speaker 1: I think none of us are Catholic, right. 51 00:03:22,720 --> 00:03:24,600 Speaker 2: I went to a Catholic mass like a couple times 52 00:03:24,639 --> 00:03:26,040 Speaker 2: when I was a kid, and I thought it was 53 00:03:26,200 --> 00:03:29,720 Speaker 2: very interesting. There was like a like a dude with 54 00:03:29,760 --> 00:03:32,239 Speaker 2: a robe waving around this like thing with smoke coming 55 00:03:32,240 --> 00:03:35,920 Speaker 2: out of sane what a thurible? Really? 56 00:03:36,200 --> 00:03:40,480 Speaker 1: Yeah, I think that's the word. I yeah, the instance. Yeah. 57 00:03:40,600 --> 00:03:43,560 Speaker 1: So it's funny you mentioned that the first time I 58 00:03:43,600 --> 00:03:47,640 Speaker 1: ever saw a Catholic Mass, I was living in Guatemala 59 00:03:48,120 --> 00:03:51,000 Speaker 1: and my Spanish wasn't very good, let alone my Latin. 60 00:03:51,360 --> 00:03:53,960 Speaker 1: So I was completely out of my element, and I 61 00:03:53,960 --> 00:03:55,880 Speaker 1: thought it was fascinating, you know what I mean. 62 00:03:56,040 --> 00:03:56,560 Speaker 2: Absolutely. 63 00:03:56,960 --> 00:04:02,680 Speaker 1: So you're probably wondering why we're mentioning Catholicism here, ridiculous historians. 64 00:04:02,960 --> 00:04:07,520 Speaker 1: It's because our show today takes us to a very 65 00:04:07,680 --> 00:04:13,920 Speaker 1: very strange episode in Catholic history, and for a long time. 66 00:04:14,520 --> 00:04:17,040 Speaker 1: On another show we do stuff they want you to know, 67 00:04:17,640 --> 00:04:21,760 Speaker 1: we had a running character that you used to do 68 00:04:21,880 --> 00:04:25,920 Speaker 1: no knowl which was the Pope. Yes, yes, that's it. 69 00:04:25,960 --> 00:04:29,400 Speaker 2: Welcome. But then I kind of came to my attention, 70 00:04:29,640 --> 00:04:32,520 Speaker 2: maybe just through my own paranoia, that maybe it's not 71 00:04:32,640 --> 00:04:35,920 Speaker 2: okay to do a voice for the Pope that sounds 72 00:04:35,960 --> 00:04:37,640 Speaker 2: like a weird, strangulated muppet. 73 00:04:38,800 --> 00:04:42,200 Speaker 1: Well maybe, I mean maybe it had its time. Yeah, 74 00:04:42,360 --> 00:04:45,000 Speaker 1: but I thought that was some good work there. Who's 75 00:04:45,000 --> 00:04:46,160 Speaker 1: that guy that does that podcast? 76 00:04:46,200 --> 00:04:51,159 Speaker 2: You made it weird? Pete Holmes, that's Casey on the Case. Yeah, 77 00:04:51,160 --> 00:04:54,120 Speaker 2: Pete Holmes. I saw him do stand up in La 78 00:04:54,480 --> 00:04:56,640 Speaker 2: Prisidents Forget one time, and he had a really good 79 00:04:56,680 --> 00:04:59,960 Speaker 2: bit about how as a culture we have this bizarre 80 00:05:00,120 --> 00:05:03,000 Speaker 2: blind spot in our idea of racism, and it's for 81 00:05:03,120 --> 00:05:06,800 Speaker 2: Italians because it's like somehow okay to go like, hey, 82 00:05:06,839 --> 00:05:09,560 Speaker 2: it's a mea Mario, like a pizza pie or whatever, 83 00:05:10,040 --> 00:05:12,640 Speaker 2: that's okay, but any other you know, doing an Asian 84 00:05:12,720 --> 00:05:16,520 Speaker 2: voice or something or that is not cool. And he 85 00:05:16,560 --> 00:05:17,680 Speaker 2: made it. I don't know. I thought it was a 86 00:05:17,720 --> 00:05:18,200 Speaker 2: really good point. 87 00:05:18,360 --> 00:05:20,480 Speaker 1: That is a good point. I wonder if it holds 88 00:05:20,560 --> 00:05:25,400 Speaker 1: the same in other countries where English is the primary language. Like, 89 00:05:25,960 --> 00:05:28,280 Speaker 1: do people in the UK if you're listening to the UK, 90 00:05:28,800 --> 00:05:32,080 Speaker 1: do you folks do the Italian voice? Is it just 91 00:05:32,120 --> 00:05:34,760 Speaker 1: an American thing? Are we the jerks? 92 00:05:34,920 --> 00:05:35,680 Speaker 2: I think we might be. 93 00:05:35,960 --> 00:05:38,559 Speaker 1: We might be, but we're not going to be as 94 00:05:38,960 --> 00:05:42,800 Speaker 1: big of jerks as the popes of the past have been. 95 00:05:42,880 --> 00:05:45,960 Speaker 2: Oh man, the past popes, my friend. So here's the thing. 96 00:05:46,600 --> 00:05:48,880 Speaker 2: There was a time when what we know is the 97 00:05:48,880 --> 00:05:54,440 Speaker 2: Holy Roman Empire was fresh and young and the new thing, right, 98 00:05:54,960 --> 00:05:57,840 Speaker 2: And this was in the eighth and ninth centuries. And 99 00:05:57,920 --> 00:06:02,240 Speaker 2: a really great article from all that is Interesting dot 100 00:06:02,279 --> 00:06:06,440 Speaker 2: Com called Better Noah Pope Stephen the sixth the Grave 101 00:06:06,560 --> 00:06:11,720 Speaker 2: Robber outlines quite beautifully the life and times of this 102 00:06:11,880 --> 00:06:12,839 Speaker 2: papal jerk. 103 00:06:13,200 --> 00:06:18,200 Speaker 1: Yeah. Yeah, this period of time, it's just so rife 104 00:06:18,200 --> 00:06:21,039 Speaker 1: with corruption. That's that's the best way to say it. 105 00:06:21,080 --> 00:06:23,840 Speaker 1: And there's a term that you and I learned that 106 00:06:24,080 --> 00:06:28,400 Speaker 1: later historians would use to to describe this period between 107 00:06:28,440 --> 00:06:33,200 Speaker 1: like eighth and ninth century AD, Holy Roman Empire, right, Yeah, 108 00:06:33,200 --> 00:06:36,640 Speaker 1: it was the pornocracy, right, pornocracy. Yeah, So you know, 109 00:06:36,839 --> 00:06:39,400 Speaker 1: google that if you wish, But yeah, we can't guarantee 110 00:06:39,400 --> 00:06:41,600 Speaker 1: that it won't get you in trouble on your work computer. 111 00:06:41,800 --> 00:06:44,320 Speaker 2: But we're not talking about Stephen the sixth right away, 112 00:06:44,400 --> 00:06:48,040 Speaker 2: not just yet. No, we're talking about another pope named Formosis, 113 00:06:48,120 --> 00:06:49,479 Speaker 2: which is a great pope name. 114 00:06:49,720 --> 00:06:52,200 Speaker 1: I feel like it's a It sounds like a sith 115 00:06:52,279 --> 00:06:56,000 Speaker 1: lord's name in Star Wars and be like Darth Formosis. 116 00:06:56,560 --> 00:07:01,240 Speaker 1: So Formoses name aside, he had quite a history with 117 00:07:01,400 --> 00:07:05,400 Speaker 1: the Catholic Church. Eventually he becomes pope, but before he 118 00:07:05,480 --> 00:07:08,680 Speaker 1: becomes pope, we have to talk about what happened when 119 00:07:08,720 --> 00:07:13,920 Speaker 1: he was a cardinal bishop, right, because he had sown 120 00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:17,520 Speaker 1: the seeds of his later problems in his time as 121 00:07:17,560 --> 00:07:18,320 Speaker 1: a cardinal bishop. 122 00:07:18,400 --> 00:07:22,600 Speaker 2: Yeah, because he was also a very very successful missionary, 123 00:07:22,920 --> 00:07:25,720 Speaker 2: and those Bulgars that you mentioned earlier, he was converting 124 00:07:25,760 --> 00:07:29,840 Speaker 2: them to Catholicism left and right. And he was actually 125 00:07:29,880 --> 00:07:33,080 Speaker 2: accused by the sitting pope at the time, who was 126 00:07:33,080 --> 00:07:37,120 Speaker 2: a guy named Pope John the eighth, of breaking a 127 00:07:37,640 --> 00:07:42,440 Speaker 2: law of the Roman Catholic Church that prevented anyone from 128 00:07:42,440 --> 00:07:45,200 Speaker 2: being a bishop in more than one place. And because 129 00:07:45,240 --> 00:07:48,000 Speaker 2: of his missionary work that had sort of could have 130 00:07:48,000 --> 00:07:53,600 Speaker 2: been perceived as having happened, and so he actually was excommunicated. 131 00:07:55,080 --> 00:07:59,520 Speaker 1: He was he was excommunicated by John the eighth because 132 00:07:59,640 --> 00:08:02,360 Speaker 1: the room was that he was a bishop of Porto 133 00:08:02,800 --> 00:08:06,200 Speaker 1: in eight sixty four, but then also a bishop in 134 00:08:06,240 --> 00:08:08,880 Speaker 1: Bulgaria a little bit later on. Right. 135 00:08:09,320 --> 00:08:11,040 Speaker 2: Yeah. And the thing was the reason that that law 136 00:08:11,040 --> 00:08:12,680 Speaker 2: had been passed, and I think it was a pretty 137 00:08:12,760 --> 00:08:15,680 Speaker 2: new law, was because we talked about that those fractured 138 00:08:15,680 --> 00:08:19,480 Speaker 2: little fiefdoms throughout Europe, those were a problem because there 139 00:08:19,480 --> 00:08:24,040 Speaker 2: was division within the church. There was division culturally and ideologically, 140 00:08:24,400 --> 00:08:28,120 Speaker 2: and the Roman Calataris did not want to feed into 141 00:08:28,160 --> 00:08:31,800 Speaker 2: that anymore by having any one man in the church 142 00:08:31,880 --> 00:08:34,640 Speaker 2: have too much power over too many areas, because that 143 00:08:34,679 --> 00:08:36,000 Speaker 2: could cause a problem. 144 00:08:36,400 --> 00:08:38,920 Speaker 1: No one man should have all that power. Casey, can 145 00:08:38,920 --> 00:08:45,280 Speaker 1: we cut to that clip real quick? No one, I 146 00:08:45,280 --> 00:08:47,920 Speaker 1: think it's appropriate. We don't know whether Foremosis would have 147 00:08:48,000 --> 00:08:50,080 Speaker 1: dugged that song, but maybe he would. We don't know 148 00:08:50,160 --> 00:08:54,559 Speaker 1: much about the guy's musical taste. So he ultimately is, 149 00:08:54,679 --> 00:08:59,600 Speaker 1: as you said, Noel excommunicated because he had wronged John 150 00:08:59,640 --> 00:09:02,559 Speaker 1: the a And on April nineteenth of eight seventy five, 151 00:09:03,000 --> 00:09:08,280 Speaker 1: Pope John the eighth called a synod a synod and 152 00:09:09,240 --> 00:09:13,080 Speaker 1: requested that all these other papal officials returned to Rome. 153 00:09:13,920 --> 00:09:17,360 Speaker 1: It's just a fancy word for this meeting of the clergy. Yeah, 154 00:09:17,400 --> 00:09:19,160 Speaker 1: it's like like a brain trust, like some sort of 155 00:09:19,200 --> 00:09:23,079 Speaker 1: like think tank. Yeah yeah, and there can be different 156 00:09:23,160 --> 00:09:25,400 Speaker 1: versions of it. But remember that word because it becomes 157 00:09:25,520 --> 00:09:30,319 Speaker 1: very important later. So formosis still in France, says ah, 158 00:09:30,360 --> 00:09:32,200 Speaker 1: I'm not going to go to that. So since he 159 00:09:32,240 --> 00:09:35,120 Speaker 1: doesn't comply, he's removed from the ranks of the clergy. 160 00:09:35,320 --> 00:09:38,480 Speaker 1: He's excommunicated. And the reason given is that he is 161 00:09:38,520 --> 00:09:42,960 Speaker 1: excommunicated because he deserted his diocese without the permission of 162 00:09:42,960 --> 00:09:47,320 Speaker 1: the pope and that double bishopping, double dipping bishop. I 163 00:09:47,440 --> 00:09:48,960 Speaker 1: like that double dipping bishop. 164 00:09:49,240 --> 00:09:53,080 Speaker 2: And he also openly aspired for the papacy whatever that means, 165 00:09:53,080 --> 00:09:55,080 Speaker 2: like he campaigned for it or what. I don't know. 166 00:09:55,120 --> 00:09:57,040 Speaker 2: It seems like he was railroaded quite a bit by 167 00:09:57,480 --> 00:10:00,400 Speaker 2: dudes that did not like the fact that he was 168 00:10:00,960 --> 00:10:03,320 Speaker 2: kind of better than them. I don't know in terms 169 00:10:03,400 --> 00:10:05,480 Speaker 2: of just like his goodness, because I'm not reading a 170 00:10:05,559 --> 00:10:08,880 Speaker 2: whole lot of corruption, actual corruption on his side. On 171 00:10:08,920 --> 00:10:10,760 Speaker 2: his side, it seems like it's most of the other 172 00:10:11,120 --> 00:10:14,040 Speaker 2: the other folks just like a lot of politicking very much. 173 00:10:14,160 --> 00:10:17,200 Speaker 2: So I sort of like that that Second Star Wars prequel. 174 00:10:17,520 --> 00:10:26,080 Speaker 1: The Second Star Double Dip and Bishop. So this is 175 00:10:26,120 --> 00:10:30,960 Speaker 1: announced in eight seventy two. In July, it's formally announced 176 00:10:30,960 --> 00:10:36,160 Speaker 1: that Formosis and several other people are excommunicated, But a 177 00:10:36,160 --> 00:10:39,720 Speaker 1: few years later, in eight seventy eight, the sentence of 178 00:10:39,720 --> 00:10:46,120 Speaker 1: excommunication was withdrawn after Formosis promised to never again return 179 00:10:46,200 --> 00:10:50,440 Speaker 1: to Rome, nor to exercise his priestly functions ever for 180 00:10:50,480 --> 00:10:51,320 Speaker 1: the rest of his life. 181 00:10:51,800 --> 00:10:55,080 Speaker 2: He agreed, but it didn't. Isn't this when John the 182 00:10:55,200 --> 00:10:56,760 Speaker 2: Eighth got murdered? 183 00:10:57,320 --> 00:11:00,760 Speaker 1: Yeah, John the eighth assassinated, right, But how did it? 184 00:11:00,840 --> 00:11:02,760 Speaker 1: How did it happen? Was it one of those shady 185 00:11:03,240 --> 00:11:05,360 Speaker 1: like may have been an accident or was it pretty 186 00:11:05,400 --> 00:11:06,640 Speaker 1: clearly a murder? 187 00:11:06,800 --> 00:11:08,920 Speaker 2: Oh no, no, I don't. I do not think he was. 188 00:11:09,040 --> 00:11:12,520 Speaker 2: He was beloved by the people because he was first 189 00:11:12,559 --> 00:11:16,199 Speaker 2: poisoned and then someone bashed his head in with the 190 00:11:16,240 --> 00:11:19,960 Speaker 2: hammer because the poison was taking too long. So then 191 00:11:20,080 --> 00:11:21,840 Speaker 2: you know, then we end up in this kind of 192 00:11:21,920 --> 00:11:25,840 Speaker 2: like really rough and tumble period where there's like several 193 00:11:25,880 --> 00:11:30,320 Speaker 2: popes in between him, and ultimately when our guy Formosis 194 00:11:30,360 --> 00:11:33,000 Speaker 2: becomes the pope. So immediately after this we have a 195 00:11:33,120 --> 00:11:35,880 Speaker 2: quick turnaround of popes who got Marinus the first and 196 00:11:35,920 --> 00:11:39,920 Speaker 2: then is quickly followed by a guy named Saint Adrian 197 00:11:40,000 --> 00:11:44,200 Speaker 2: the third, and he kind of thinks better of Foremostis 198 00:11:44,320 --> 00:11:47,880 Speaker 2: and overturns all of those penalties that he had to 199 00:11:48,280 --> 00:11:50,600 Speaker 2: he had to suffer, right, so he's now allowed. Not 200 00:11:50,640 --> 00:11:53,960 Speaker 2: only is he allowed to come back to Rome and 201 00:11:54,360 --> 00:11:59,160 Speaker 2: keep practicing what he's doing, he actually becomes the pope, 202 00:11:59,200 --> 00:12:00,920 Speaker 2: the next pope and eight ninety one. 203 00:12:01,480 --> 00:12:05,000 Speaker 1: Yes, he has unanimously elected the pope on October sixth, 204 00:12:05,240 --> 00:12:09,480 Speaker 1: eight ninety one, and this ushers in a weird period 205 00:12:09,800 --> 00:12:12,960 Speaker 1: for the pope. So votes for the pope ben we 206 00:12:13,040 --> 00:12:17,160 Speaker 1: do not unless we become cardinals in the church. 207 00:12:18,080 --> 00:12:20,480 Speaker 2: So if Formosis was so unpopular at the point where 208 00:12:20,480 --> 00:12:23,640 Speaker 2: he got excommunicated and banned for life, but then was 209 00:12:23,720 --> 00:12:26,679 Speaker 2: unanimously elected pope, it really just goes to show there 210 00:12:26,679 --> 00:12:29,240 Speaker 2: were some serious like factions. I mean, this whole idea 211 00:12:29,280 --> 00:12:33,560 Speaker 2: of the splintered loyalties is on full display here. And 212 00:12:33,600 --> 00:12:37,200 Speaker 2: I guess after our guy John the eighth got you know, 213 00:12:37,559 --> 00:12:41,920 Speaker 2: club to death, the tide turned in his favor and 214 00:12:42,000 --> 00:12:44,840 Speaker 2: he served as pope for I think a good five years, 215 00:12:45,400 --> 00:12:48,280 Speaker 2: and in that five years he accomplished some pretty cool stuff. 216 00:12:48,840 --> 00:12:51,360 Speaker 1: Yeah, I believe we mentioned earlier. He was pope from 217 00:12:51,800 --> 00:12:55,679 Speaker 1: October sixth, eight ninety one until his death in eight 218 00:12:55,800 --> 00:13:01,040 Speaker 1: ninety six. And he didn't get a particularly great situation, 219 00:13:01,320 --> 00:13:04,160 Speaker 1: you know what I mean when he became pope. And obviously, 220 00:13:04,160 --> 00:13:06,080 Speaker 1: as you can tell from the timeline, he did not 221 00:13:06,559 --> 00:13:10,520 Speaker 1: serve as pope for very long, but he did try 222 00:13:10,640 --> 00:13:17,320 Speaker 1: his best to navigate the chaotic geopolitical issues of the day. 223 00:13:17,920 --> 00:13:21,800 Speaker 1: The problem is, he became engrossed in some real beefs 224 00:13:21,800 --> 00:13:26,679 Speaker 1: with some powerful enemies. One of the most prominent is 225 00:13:26,800 --> 00:13:30,600 Speaker 1: a guy named Guy the third of Spiletto, the Holy 226 00:13:30,720 --> 00:13:34,440 Speaker 1: Roman Emperor, and started as sort of a just like 227 00:13:34,480 --> 00:13:39,760 Speaker 1: a somewhat distant struggle for control, but then it was 228 00:13:39,800 --> 00:13:42,480 Speaker 1: building quickly into open warfare. 229 00:13:43,120 --> 00:13:48,040 Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, it's true. And this guy, this guy, Guy 230 00:13:48,480 --> 00:13:52,160 Speaker 2: of Suspilato, was on the other end of that open warfare, 231 00:13:52,400 --> 00:13:56,400 Speaker 2: and Formostus actually ended up having to a mass An 232 00:13:56,559 --> 00:13:59,280 Speaker 2: army to go to war with him. And when he 233 00:13:59,320 --> 00:14:02,319 Speaker 2: did this, as he was doing this, rather he died, 234 00:14:02,720 --> 00:14:06,880 Speaker 2: he got paralyzed, was quote struck by paralysis acrony of 235 00:14:06,880 --> 00:14:09,640 Speaker 2: this article in all that is interesting dot com. And 236 00:14:09,840 --> 00:14:12,959 Speaker 2: he passed away, and so guys, problems were resolved, and 237 00:14:13,000 --> 00:14:15,280 Speaker 2: the problems were We talked about earlier how there was 238 00:14:15,320 --> 00:14:19,320 Speaker 2: a lot of vying for control and cash flow from 239 00:14:19,360 --> 00:14:23,600 Speaker 2: these Holy Roman brothels, and that was kind of at 240 00:14:23,600 --> 00:14:26,080 Speaker 2: the center of this. See there's the thing I said 241 00:14:26,080 --> 00:14:28,400 Speaker 2: that foremosts didn't really seem to have too much dirt 242 00:14:28,440 --> 00:14:31,000 Speaker 2: on him, but it did seem like he was still 243 00:14:31,120 --> 00:14:33,480 Speaker 2: kind of running the numbers and playing the game in 244 00:14:33,560 --> 00:14:35,640 Speaker 2: terms of like where this money went. But I think 245 00:14:35,680 --> 00:14:39,360 Speaker 2: he just didn't give the right bishops the cash, and 246 00:14:39,480 --> 00:14:42,640 Speaker 2: he became sort of persona on grata for the ones 247 00:14:42,680 --> 00:14:44,280 Speaker 2: that were amassed behind guy. 248 00:14:44,840 --> 00:14:50,360 Speaker 1: And so Foremoses dies. The next pope is a guy 249 00:14:50,480 --> 00:14:54,680 Speaker 1: named Pope Bona Face the sixth, and this pope is 250 00:14:54,720 --> 00:14:59,760 Speaker 1: a native of Rome, and he is pope in April 251 00:15:00,080 --> 00:15:04,080 Speaker 1: of eight ninety six. He was mainly elected because there 252 00:15:04,080 --> 00:15:06,680 Speaker 1: were a ton of riots right after the death of 253 00:15:06,760 --> 00:15:14,240 Speaker 1: Pope Formosis, and after a pontificate of fifteen days, he 254 00:15:14,360 --> 00:15:19,040 Speaker 1: either died of the gout or he was forcibly ejected 255 00:15:19,320 --> 00:15:22,760 Speaker 1: to make way for a character named Stephen the Sixth, 256 00:15:22,880 --> 00:15:25,840 Speaker 1: who he mentioned at the beginning. Thanks for sticking around, folks. 257 00:15:25,960 --> 00:15:27,560 Speaker 1: We got there. We did get there. A lot of 258 00:15:27,560 --> 00:15:28,800 Speaker 1: ground to cover between there and here. 259 00:15:28,960 --> 00:15:32,120 Speaker 2: But yeah, Stephen the sixth is sort of our Papal 260 00:15:32,520 --> 00:15:36,440 Speaker 2: Looney tune in today's episode. He had a lot of 261 00:15:36,520 --> 00:15:41,240 Speaker 2: problems with Formosas in the first place, because he did 262 00:15:41,280 --> 00:15:44,160 Speaker 2: not like the way he interpreted doctrine, that idea of 263 00:15:44,200 --> 00:15:46,160 Speaker 2: the way either the Godhead and all of that. Ben, 264 00:15:46,200 --> 00:15:47,320 Speaker 2: can you give us a little more on that. 265 00:15:47,480 --> 00:15:50,120 Speaker 1: Yeah, it's like we said earlier, there's a difference here 266 00:15:50,160 --> 00:15:53,920 Speaker 1: in the nature of the Holy Spirit, how it relates 267 00:15:53,960 --> 00:15:56,920 Speaker 1: to the Trinity, how it relates to the Godhead, and 268 00:15:56,960 --> 00:16:00,560 Speaker 1: without getting too far in the weeds here, it sounds 269 00:16:00,720 --> 00:16:04,000 Speaker 1: very technical, but it's an argument that they took very 270 00:16:04,160 --> 00:16:09,720 Speaker 1: very very very seriously. Gravely seriously, one might say. But 271 00:16:09,800 --> 00:16:12,520 Speaker 1: the truth is that we don't know too much about 272 00:16:12,520 --> 00:16:16,920 Speaker 1: Stephen's early life. We don't know what his name originally was, 273 00:16:17,040 --> 00:16:20,000 Speaker 1: We don't know what yu was born, but we we 274 00:16:20,080 --> 00:16:22,800 Speaker 1: do know a little bit about his life. It seems 275 00:16:22,840 --> 00:16:25,680 Speaker 1: that he was the son of a priest. When he 276 00:16:26,000 --> 00:16:29,800 Speaker 1: you know, when he attained adulthood, he went into the church, 277 00:16:30,240 --> 00:16:35,040 Speaker 1: but it was actually Formoses who made him a bishop, 278 00:16:35,880 --> 00:16:39,800 Speaker 1: and he was made a bishop under pressure from Guy 279 00:16:39,920 --> 00:16:41,400 Speaker 1: three of Spiletto. 280 00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:46,320 Speaker 2: Ah. Yes, So here's how it goes. Stephen the sixth 281 00:16:46,480 --> 00:16:50,280 Speaker 2: becomes the pope and for whatever reason, like I don't 282 00:16:50,280 --> 00:16:52,080 Speaker 2: even understand what the point of this is. I mean, 283 00:16:52,080 --> 00:16:54,080 Speaker 2: I think that's the whole seed of ridiculousness in the 284 00:16:54,120 --> 00:16:59,200 Speaker 2: story is he was so angry with Foremosis, who, as 285 00:16:59,200 --> 00:17:03,200 Speaker 2: we've mentioned, has died at this point, that he decided 286 00:17:03,200 --> 00:17:05,080 Speaker 2: it would be a good idea to hold another one 287 00:17:05,080 --> 00:17:09,640 Speaker 2: of those synods. Right synod you say, synod synon doesn't matter. 288 00:17:09,680 --> 00:17:11,920 Speaker 2: Synod sounds very sci fi, So I'm gonna say like that. 289 00:17:11,800 --> 00:17:12,199 Speaker 1: There we go. 290 00:17:12,960 --> 00:17:14,960 Speaker 2: So he calls one of those sort of like a 291 00:17:15,040 --> 00:17:21,920 Speaker 2: king's moot in RPG games, and he has the corpse 292 00:17:22,680 --> 00:17:27,720 Speaker 2: of said pope dug up and dressed up in the 293 00:17:27,760 --> 00:17:33,120 Speaker 2: papal robes and sat in the papal throne and tried 294 00:17:33,600 --> 00:17:38,560 Speaker 2: for all of those things that he got reversed, remember 295 00:17:38,880 --> 00:17:41,800 Speaker 2: the excommunication and the whole like being a bishop in 296 00:17:41,840 --> 00:17:45,119 Speaker 2: two places and all that. Stephen did not forget those things. 297 00:17:45,640 --> 00:17:48,320 Speaker 2: And he's here's the thing, you can look at it 298 00:17:48,480 --> 00:17:53,480 Speaker 2: one of two ways. That he was legitimately conscientiously outraged 299 00:17:53,600 --> 00:17:56,080 Speaker 2: about these things, and then that he would not let 300 00:17:56,119 --> 00:18:00,840 Speaker 2: those heresies stand, or he trying to get a little 301 00:18:00,920 --> 00:18:04,840 Speaker 2: juice from all of those political factions that were anti Formosis, 302 00:18:04,880 --> 00:18:07,399 Speaker 2: if we know there were many, and there's a couple 303 00:18:07,440 --> 00:18:09,120 Speaker 2: more reasons I want to point out before we get 304 00:18:09,119 --> 00:18:11,320 Speaker 2: into the next bit of the story as to why 305 00:18:11,359 --> 00:18:11,760 Speaker 2: that was. 306 00:18:16,880 --> 00:18:20,400 Speaker 1: If you're listening to this by a computer or a desktop, 307 00:18:20,480 --> 00:18:22,600 Speaker 1: or you're on your phone, some we're safe, go ahead 308 00:18:22,640 --> 00:18:27,400 Speaker 1: and pull up this fantastic painting by Jean Paul Lawrence 309 00:18:27,840 --> 00:18:32,480 Speaker 1: called Pope Formosis and Stephen the Seventh. That's the same 310 00:18:32,520 --> 00:18:34,400 Speaker 1: guy as Stephen the sixth is a whole different thing, 311 00:18:34,440 --> 00:18:36,600 Speaker 1: but that's the original title of the painting. So, Noel, 312 00:18:36,600 --> 00:18:37,840 Speaker 1: what are those other reasons? 313 00:18:38,000 --> 00:18:41,639 Speaker 2: Well, in addition to the whole brothel debacle and you know, 314 00:18:41,680 --> 00:18:45,520 Speaker 2: a bacle, yeah, exactly, he also he just got embroiled 315 00:18:45,520 --> 00:18:49,960 Speaker 2: in a lot of geopolitical disputes that resulted in people 316 00:18:50,040 --> 00:18:53,120 Speaker 2: gaining and losing a lot of money. One was he 317 00:18:53,400 --> 00:19:01,000 Speaker 2: actually intervened in Constantinople, where a patriarch named Photius the 318 00:19:01,080 --> 00:19:06,600 Speaker 2: First had been ousted, and also the son of Emperor 319 00:19:06,640 --> 00:19:10,760 Speaker 2: Basil the First, a guy named Stephen had taken his place. 320 00:19:10,880 --> 00:19:11,800 Speaker 2: It's a different Stephen. 321 00:19:12,040 --> 00:19:16,800 Speaker 1: He also refused to reinstate people who have been ordained 322 00:19:17,280 --> 00:19:19,359 Speaker 1: by the patriarch, by Photius the first. 323 00:19:19,520 --> 00:19:22,240 Speaker 2: That's right, Okay, Ben, so I sort of glossed over. 324 00:19:22,480 --> 00:19:25,320 Speaker 2: We both a little bit glossed over his kind of 325 00:19:25,400 --> 00:19:28,359 Speaker 2: disagreements with Guy the third of Spilato, who was the 326 00:19:28,359 --> 00:19:30,960 Speaker 2: Holy Roman Emperor. That's an interesting thing about the Holy 327 00:19:31,000 --> 00:19:32,840 Speaker 2: Roman Empire. Ride you have it. You have this Holy 328 00:19:32,920 --> 00:19:35,479 Speaker 2: Roman Emperor and then you have the pope, and they're 329 00:19:35,600 --> 00:19:37,879 Speaker 2: kind of like the pope is sort of the the uh, 330 00:19:38,680 --> 00:19:42,359 Speaker 2: the spiritual thing, and then the emperor is the political 331 00:19:42,480 --> 00:19:46,560 Speaker 2: head of state or whatever. But he wanted to overthrow 332 00:19:47,160 --> 00:19:51,760 Speaker 2: Guy the third of Spilato, so he actually supported factions 333 00:19:51,800 --> 00:19:55,920 Speaker 2: that were going against him, and he actually convinced Arnolf 334 00:19:55,960 --> 00:20:01,719 Speaker 2: of Corinthia to invade Rome and take con of Italy 335 00:20:02,480 --> 00:20:07,320 Speaker 2: from Spilato, so you know, and then Spilato was kind 336 00:20:07,359 --> 00:20:11,399 Speaker 2: of pals with our boy Stephen the sixth. So there 337 00:20:11,480 --> 00:20:11,679 Speaker 2: we go. 338 00:20:12,000 --> 00:20:12,159 Speaker 1: Does that? 339 00:20:12,280 --> 00:20:13,480 Speaker 2: Does that? Someone up in a nutshell? 340 00:20:13,560 --> 00:20:16,000 Speaker 1: I think we're getting close. I think that's that's good, just. 341 00:20:15,880 --> 00:20:17,879 Speaker 2: In terms of why someone would be so angry with 342 00:20:17,920 --> 00:20:20,520 Speaker 2: this man after he was already dead, that he decided 343 00:20:20,560 --> 00:20:23,920 Speaker 2: to dig up his rotting bones from the ground, dress 344 00:20:23,960 --> 00:20:26,879 Speaker 2: him up in this pageantry and shove him in a 345 00:20:26,960 --> 00:20:29,480 Speaker 2: chair and try him for heresy. 346 00:20:30,160 --> 00:20:32,240 Speaker 1: Yeah, let me paint some more of the picture here 347 00:20:32,880 --> 00:20:37,040 Speaker 1: about how this trial actually wins. And I hope you 348 00:20:37,040 --> 00:20:40,080 Speaker 1: guys can hear the air quotes when I say trial. 349 00:20:40,840 --> 00:20:44,040 Speaker 1: So there's a great article on this beliefs from National 350 00:20:44,040 --> 00:20:48,320 Speaker 1: Geographic Vengeance at the Vatican, the Cadaver's Nod, and this 351 00:20:48,560 --> 00:20:52,600 Speaker 1: is seen as the lowest point in the continual chaos 352 00:20:52,960 --> 00:20:58,800 Speaker 1: of ninth century Italy. So there's another player that enters 353 00:20:58,840 --> 00:21:01,680 Speaker 1: the field here who maybe doesn't get as much mentioned 354 00:21:01,720 --> 00:21:06,880 Speaker 1: as they should. Guy the third we mentioned he had sons, right, 355 00:21:06,920 --> 00:21:10,800 Speaker 1: He had a son named Lambert, and Lambert ended up 356 00:21:10,840 --> 00:21:16,960 Speaker 1: teaming up with the Pope Stephen to create this pr 357 00:21:17,160 --> 00:21:23,280 Speaker 1: farce because Lambert said, when he was talking to Stephen 358 00:21:23,320 --> 00:21:27,919 Speaker 1: the sixth, he said, we have to condemn Formoss's actions 359 00:21:28,240 --> 00:21:31,560 Speaker 1: and tarnish his reputation, and it has to be in 360 00:21:31,720 --> 00:21:35,359 Speaker 1: public so that his followers can see it. And it 361 00:21:35,400 --> 00:21:38,160 Speaker 1: has to feel official. So it has to happen under 362 00:21:38,240 --> 00:21:41,600 Speaker 1: canon law and be held before the papal curia and 363 00:21:41,720 --> 00:21:47,440 Speaker 1: Roman nobility. And we're gonna have Formoss himself attend. So Noel, 364 00:21:47,520 --> 00:21:50,720 Speaker 1: as you said, they dressed him up, they exhumed him, 365 00:21:50,880 --> 00:21:53,120 Speaker 1: they put him on trial. They even had someone who 366 00:21:53,160 --> 00:21:55,960 Speaker 1: was supposed to speak for you, like as a lawyer. Yeah, 367 00:21:56,359 --> 00:22:00,280 Speaker 1: against those accusations. However, the poor Sap didn't have much 368 00:22:00,400 --> 00:22:05,400 Speaker 1: luck because Pope Stephen was just continually screaming at this corpse. 369 00:22:05,600 --> 00:22:08,880 Speaker 1: It's a very undignified way for a pope to act, 370 00:22:08,920 --> 00:22:11,200 Speaker 1: at least I would think so. In the modern day. 371 00:22:11,080 --> 00:22:14,560 Speaker 2: Now it's super just macabre too. And of course, you know, 372 00:22:14,760 --> 00:22:17,879 Speaker 2: like you had a chance, poor Sap. He was found 373 00:22:17,960 --> 00:22:24,600 Speaker 2: guilty and they punished him with something called damnascio memorii, 374 00:22:25,000 --> 00:22:29,600 Speaker 2: which means condemnation of memory in Latin, and it basically 375 00:22:29,840 --> 00:22:34,080 Speaker 2: means that his tenure as pope was like men in 376 00:22:34,160 --> 00:22:38,120 Speaker 2: black mind erased from history books. Well, only it doesn't 377 00:22:38,119 --> 00:22:40,240 Speaker 2: seem to have taken because we're talking about. 378 00:22:40,000 --> 00:22:43,920 Speaker 1: It right, Erased from history. Thou shalt nut speak his name, 379 00:22:44,960 --> 00:22:48,679 Speaker 1: And there are all these different desecrations they did to 380 00:22:48,720 --> 00:22:52,080 Speaker 1: his body too. They tore his papal vestments off, they 381 00:22:52,560 --> 00:22:55,119 Speaker 1: cut off the three fingers on his hand that he 382 00:22:55,160 --> 00:22:56,760 Speaker 1: used to concentrate. 383 00:22:56,200 --> 00:22:56,840 Speaker 2: You know, the ones. 384 00:22:56,960 --> 00:23:00,720 Speaker 1: Yeah, and they threw his body in a river, and 385 00:23:00,840 --> 00:23:03,240 Speaker 1: later I think a monk or a fisherman found it. 386 00:23:03,840 --> 00:23:05,800 Speaker 2: I think the river thing even came a little later. 387 00:23:05,840 --> 00:23:08,320 Speaker 2: They originally just like buried him in the ground somewhere 388 00:23:08,520 --> 00:23:11,760 Speaker 2: like like an unmarked grave, and then Pope Jonathan the 389 00:23:11,840 --> 00:23:14,399 Speaker 2: sixth thought better of it and was like, you know what, 390 00:23:14,480 --> 00:23:16,160 Speaker 2: that's too good for that. So and so let's dig 391 00:23:16,240 --> 00:23:17,960 Speaker 2: him up and just toss him in the in the 392 00:23:18,240 --> 00:23:18,800 Speaker 2: in the drink. 393 00:23:19,080 --> 00:23:21,760 Speaker 1: Yeah, I'm glad you mentioned that, because our sources show 394 00:23:21,800 --> 00:23:25,800 Speaker 1: us that first, yeah, he was dressed in common peon clothed, 395 00:23:25,840 --> 00:23:29,119 Speaker 1: and then buried in an unmarked grave, a pauper's grave. 396 00:23:29,560 --> 00:23:32,680 Speaker 1: And then the stories that they decided that wasn't good enough, right, 397 00:23:32,720 --> 00:23:34,920 Speaker 1: so they dug him up again and threw him in 398 00:23:34,960 --> 00:23:39,560 Speaker 1: the river. However, it seems like that part the story 399 00:23:39,560 --> 00:23:43,040 Speaker 1: about a monk or a fisherman pulling the pope from 400 00:23:43,119 --> 00:23:46,200 Speaker 1: the river might be a myth. But we do know 401 00:23:46,359 --> 00:23:50,639 Speaker 1: the story of the body doesn't stop there. This is 402 00:23:50,680 --> 00:23:54,240 Speaker 1: seen as an act of very bad taste to almost 403 00:23:54,240 --> 00:23:56,560 Speaker 1: everybody involved. You know, it's kind of a wake up 404 00:23:56,600 --> 00:23:59,680 Speaker 1: call where they're thinking, we're getting ridiculous. I know, we 405 00:23:59,760 --> 00:24:02,680 Speaker 1: want kill each other, but this is this is a 406 00:24:02,720 --> 00:24:03,600 Speaker 1: little too far. 407 00:24:03,800 --> 00:24:04,640 Speaker 2: It's a bit much. 408 00:24:05,400 --> 00:24:10,800 Speaker 1: And so Stephen six ends up imprisoned a few months afterwards, 409 00:24:11,080 --> 00:24:14,440 Speaker 1: and he is strangled to death in jail. And two 410 00:24:14,480 --> 00:24:19,280 Speaker 1: years after that, another pope reinstates Pope Formosis and bans 411 00:24:19,600 --> 00:24:23,560 Speaker 1: any further trial for dead popes. So it came to 412 00:24:23,640 --> 00:24:27,200 Speaker 1: pass that Pope Formosis is buried in eighteen ninety seven 413 00:24:27,440 --> 00:24:32,040 Speaker 1: with full Christian honors, which seems like a heck of 414 00:24:32,080 --> 00:24:32,480 Speaker 1: a ride. 415 00:24:32,680 --> 00:24:34,400 Speaker 2: Yeah, it's sort of not. I mean, I guess it's 416 00:24:34,400 --> 00:24:37,320 Speaker 2: a pretty good consolation prize. But guy really went through 417 00:24:37,320 --> 00:24:37,760 Speaker 2: the ringer. 418 00:24:38,280 --> 00:24:40,879 Speaker 1: I just have this vision in my head that I 419 00:24:40,920 --> 00:24:44,720 Speaker 1: can't I can't erase the memory. Oddly enough, or this 420 00:24:44,720 --> 00:24:48,399 Speaker 1: this fanciful notion of people having to sit and watch 421 00:24:48,520 --> 00:24:51,000 Speaker 1: this because they had they had to sit and observe 422 00:24:51,040 --> 00:24:51,680 Speaker 1: it trial. 423 00:24:51,760 --> 00:24:53,439 Speaker 2: And do you think they were into it or do 424 00:24:53,480 --> 00:24:56,400 Speaker 2: you think they are like, ye, I don't know about this, 425 00:24:56,720 --> 00:24:57,239 Speaker 2: I don't know. 426 00:24:57,359 --> 00:24:59,399 Speaker 1: I mean, surely it's like a warning to some of 427 00:25:00,080 --> 00:25:01,679 Speaker 1: Moses's followers. 428 00:25:01,760 --> 00:25:04,840 Speaker 2: Yeah, I guess because again, like he definitely had some 429 00:25:05,359 --> 00:25:07,040 Speaker 2: and you know, there's nothing that I was able to 430 00:25:07,080 --> 00:25:09,760 Speaker 2: find about them, like doing some sort of mass execution 431 00:25:10,200 --> 00:25:12,240 Speaker 2: of anyone that was in his camp or whatever. So 432 00:25:12,280 --> 00:25:14,640 Speaker 2: maybe this was their way of, like, you know, let 433 00:25:14,640 --> 00:25:16,959 Speaker 2: this be a warning to you for emotions. 434 00:25:17,240 --> 00:25:20,479 Speaker 1: Yeah, and you know what, man, We're We're not perfect, 435 00:25:20,600 --> 00:25:23,840 Speaker 1: no one is. But I can say that we have 436 00:25:23,960 --> 00:25:26,640 Speaker 1: never put a corpse on trial, you know what I mean? 437 00:25:26,680 --> 00:25:27,359 Speaker 1: So go us. 438 00:25:27,480 --> 00:25:29,280 Speaker 2: Yeah, you know, I'll tell you, Ben, the fact that 439 00:25:29,359 --> 00:25:31,200 Speaker 2: we're not perfect is what makes the show work. 440 00:25:32,200 --> 00:25:36,680 Speaker 1: Let's hope. So, and we hope you enjoyed hearing this story. 441 00:25:36,840 --> 00:25:39,320 Speaker 1: We've talked about it off air, folks. We could probably 442 00:25:39,400 --> 00:25:43,920 Speaker 1: do an entire podcast on popes a popecast, but that's 443 00:25:44,000 --> 00:25:48,680 Speaker 1: that's a different show, right. Also, we're trademarking popecast. If 444 00:25:48,720 --> 00:25:51,320 Speaker 1: that's not already a thing, we just called it. We 445 00:25:51,359 --> 00:25:54,320 Speaker 1: called dips. Does that count sure? If we called DIBs 446 00:25:54,320 --> 00:25:54,640 Speaker 1: on air. 447 00:25:54,800 --> 00:25:56,959 Speaker 2: DIBs is a thing, that's a thing, that's those rules 448 00:25:56,960 --> 00:25:59,880 Speaker 2: surrounding it. Yeah, it's part of the Geneva convention. Yeah, 449 00:26:00,000 --> 00:26:00,439 Speaker 2: there we go. 450 00:26:00,640 --> 00:26:04,080 Speaker 1: So dibbs on popecasts. But write to us and let 451 00:26:04,160 --> 00:26:08,600 Speaker 1: us know what strange stories you learned about when you've 452 00:26:08,600 --> 00:26:12,400 Speaker 1: read up on papal history, because we assure you there 453 00:26:12,400 --> 00:26:16,080 Speaker 1: are multitudes of strange stories about popes. You can find 454 00:26:16,160 --> 00:26:20,520 Speaker 1: us on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter. We highly recommend our community 455 00:26:20,560 --> 00:26:23,800 Speaker 1: page Ridiculous Historians, where you can meet and speak with 456 00:26:24,080 --> 00:26:26,000 Speaker 1: some of your fellow listeners. 457 00:26:26,560 --> 00:26:29,680 Speaker 2: There is a popecast by the way. Damn it very 458 00:26:29,720 --> 00:26:32,520 Speaker 2: disappointing installment of Casey on the case. 459 00:26:34,080 --> 00:26:36,400 Speaker 1: It was too you know what. Popecast was too good 460 00:26:36,440 --> 00:26:38,000 Speaker 1: to not be a thing. Of course, it was like 461 00:26:38,000 --> 00:26:40,960 Speaker 1: a podcast chorus. We flew too close to the sun. 462 00:26:40,880 --> 00:26:42,199 Speaker 2: And if you want to fly too close to the 463 00:26:42,200 --> 00:26:43,879 Speaker 2: podcast sun too. You don't want to do any of 464 00:26:43,880 --> 00:26:45,679 Speaker 2: that social media stuff, you can write us an email 465 00:26:45,680 --> 00:26:48,920 Speaker 2: at Ridiculous at HowStuffWorks dot com, but most importantly, please 466 00:26:49,000 --> 00:26:51,359 Speaker 2: join us for our next episode where we talk about 467 00:26:51,960 --> 00:26:57,600 Speaker 2: spooky Filipino vampire alien monster creatures that haunt the Hills. 468 00:26:57,800 --> 00:27:00,399 Speaker 1: I am so excited. I'm so excited. Thank you to 469 00:27:00,520 --> 00:27:04,240 Speaker 1: super producer Casey Pegrim. Thanks to our research associate for 470 00:27:04,280 --> 00:27:07,399 Speaker 1: this episode, Eve's Jeffcoat. Thanks to Alex Williams who can 471 00:27:07,440 --> 00:27:09,840 Speaker 1: posed this track, and Hey, Noil, thanks to you. 472 00:27:10,000 --> 00:27:20,959 Speaker 2: He're looking at you. Ben. For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, 473 00:27:21,040 --> 00:27:24,280 Speaker 2: visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen 474 00:27:24,320 --> 00:27:25,359 Speaker 2: to your favorite shows.