1 00:00:02,720 --> 00:00:10,600 Speaker 1: Bloomberg Audio Studios, podcasts, radio news. You're listening to the 2 00:00:10,600 --> 00:00:14,560 Speaker 1: Bloomberg Intelligence Podcast. Catch us live weekdays at ten am 3 00:00:14,640 --> 00:00:18,560 Speaker 1: Eastern on Applecarplay and Android Auto with the Bloomberg Business App. 4 00:00:18,640 --> 00:00:21,920 Speaker 1: Listen on demand wherever you get your podcasts, or watch 5 00:00:21,960 --> 00:00:23,120 Speaker 1: us live on YouTube. 6 00:00:23,560 --> 00:00:26,000 Speaker 2: So the tariff trump Man definitely came into effect here. 7 00:00:26,079 --> 00:00:29,560 Speaker 2: Our President Trump rattled overall markets with a new tariff 8 00:00:29,600 --> 00:00:32,880 Speaker 2: threat on European goods at fifty percent. Now not liking 9 00:00:32,960 --> 00:00:36,320 Speaker 2: the pace of these tariff negotiations, Roz Mathis, and Bloomberg 10 00:00:36,360 --> 00:00:38,680 Speaker 2: News director in Europe for the Middle East and Africa 11 00:00:39,159 --> 00:00:42,160 Speaker 2: joins us. Now, Ros, how seriously is Europe. 12 00:00:41,920 --> 00:00:42,440 Speaker 3: Taking this. 13 00:00:43,960 --> 00:00:44,080 Speaker 4: Well? 14 00:00:44,120 --> 00:00:46,200 Speaker 5: So far, the Commission is saying nothing, and that's because 15 00:00:46,200 --> 00:00:48,479 Speaker 5: they're probably waiting for this conversation that's supposed to be 16 00:00:48,520 --> 00:00:52,480 Speaker 5: happening today between their chief negotiator for the EU, morrow Sefkovic, 17 00:00:52,600 --> 00:00:55,720 Speaker 5: and Jemison Greer, his US counterpart, So they're laying very 18 00:00:55,760 --> 00:00:59,280 Speaker 5: low before that call. But what we can sense already 19 00:00:59,400 --> 00:01:01,080 Speaker 5: is is the idea that they see this as the 20 00:01:01,120 --> 00:01:05,120 Speaker 5: negotiating tactic. And indeed, the US Treasury Secretary of Scott 21 00:01:05,120 --> 00:01:07,640 Speaker 5: Bessett seemed to indicate that a short time ago when 22 00:01:07,680 --> 00:01:10,559 Speaker 5: he said he hopes it quotes light a fire under 23 00:01:10,600 --> 00:01:13,280 Speaker 5: the EU, and it seems to just be going into 24 00:01:13,319 --> 00:01:15,640 Speaker 5: that call a sense of frustration from the US at 25 00:01:15,640 --> 00:01:19,160 Speaker 5: the pace of the negotiations, rather than they are intending 26 00:01:19,280 --> 00:01:22,920 Speaker 5: at this minute to impose a fifty percent have and 27 00:01:23,000 --> 00:01:25,560 Speaker 5: so they're seeing it as part of the realm of 28 00:01:25,600 --> 00:01:29,840 Speaker 5: the negotiations and the tactics from the US At this point, 29 00:01:29,880 --> 00:01:32,800 Speaker 5: even though you did see obviously that market reaction, we 30 00:01:32,800 --> 00:01:34,960 Speaker 5: didn't see a massive mood, for example in the Euro 31 00:01:35,160 --> 00:01:37,679 Speaker 5: again pointing to the idea that in the market as well, 32 00:01:37,880 --> 00:01:40,600 Speaker 5: people are interpreting this as part of the custom cut 33 00:01:40,600 --> 00:01:43,600 Speaker 5: and thrust of being negotiating on trade. And so we 34 00:01:43,680 --> 00:01:46,040 Speaker 5: have to really see at this point what happens from 35 00:01:46,080 --> 00:01:46,839 Speaker 5: that phone call letter. 36 00:01:46,840 --> 00:01:50,040 Speaker 6: Today you saw the social media post from the president. 37 00:01:50,080 --> 00:01:53,320 Speaker 6: Does Donald Trump have any legitimate grapes when it comes 38 00:01:53,400 --> 00:01:53,960 Speaker 6: to the EU? 39 00:01:56,040 --> 00:01:58,000 Speaker 5: Well, he says he does, and I guess the frustration 40 00:01:58,480 --> 00:02:01,120 Speaker 5: on the US part is, but the EU is just 41 00:02:01,240 --> 00:02:04,760 Speaker 5: a much bigger economic entity to deal with and say, 42 00:02:04,800 --> 00:02:08,520 Speaker 5: getting a trade framework agreement with a country like the 43 00:02:08,600 --> 00:02:11,079 Speaker 5: UK where I am, and so these are much more 44 00:02:11,120 --> 00:02:17,000 Speaker 5: complicated arrangements with a collection of companies the EU versus 45 00:02:17,080 --> 00:02:20,480 Speaker 5: one individual country, and a lot more economic clout on 46 00:02:20,520 --> 00:02:23,720 Speaker 5: the EU side arguably as well. And the EU has 47 00:02:23,760 --> 00:02:27,359 Speaker 5: its own lines in the sand bet around agriculture, cars 48 00:02:27,360 --> 00:02:29,240 Speaker 5: and so on, and so these were always going to 49 00:02:29,240 --> 00:02:30,760 Speaker 5: be much more fraud negotiations. 50 00:02:31,639 --> 00:02:34,880 Speaker 2: What did the EU propose that President Trump thought was 51 00:02:34,919 --> 00:02:35,760 Speaker 2: not good enough. 52 00:02:37,080 --> 00:02:39,239 Speaker 5: Well, they came back with a counter proposal to the 53 00:02:39,360 --> 00:02:41,880 Speaker 5: US proposal to the proves apps been a bunch of 54 00:02:41,919 --> 00:02:44,600 Speaker 5: counter proposals, but this is about addressing some of the 55 00:02:44,639 --> 00:02:48,800 Speaker 5: issues around environmental standards, labor standards, and you know, a framework. 56 00:02:48,880 --> 00:02:51,160 Speaker 5: They were the EU was setting out to move towards 57 00:02:51,639 --> 00:02:53,960 Speaker 5: zero tariffs on a lot of goods aside from things 58 00:02:54,000 --> 00:02:57,360 Speaker 5: that are seen as very essential, including around agriculture. And 59 00:02:57,400 --> 00:02:59,560 Speaker 5: obviously that proposal has gone to the US. The US 60 00:02:59,639 --> 00:03:01,640 Speaker 5: is not how with it. They're coming back for a 61 00:03:01,639 --> 00:03:06,000 Speaker 5: further conversation. But again the messages that Donald Trump obviously 62 00:03:06,000 --> 00:03:09,000 Speaker 5: wanted these conversations to be moving a lot faster than 63 00:03:09,000 --> 00:03:11,799 Speaker 5: the reality is the EU was probably going to move. 64 00:03:11,919 --> 00:03:13,800 Speaker 5: And so now they're leaning heavily in the idea of 65 00:03:14,120 --> 00:03:16,120 Speaker 5: you know, Donald Trump saying I would give you a number, 66 00:03:16,160 --> 00:03:18,160 Speaker 5: and here is the number. It's fifty percent if you 67 00:03:18,160 --> 00:03:21,120 Speaker 5: don't comply. Again, the question is is that the new 68 00:03:21,240 --> 00:03:23,080 Speaker 5: ten percent or is that on top of what we 69 00:03:23,120 --> 00:03:25,840 Speaker 5: already know it seems to be would be a flat 70 00:03:25,919 --> 00:03:30,000 Speaker 5: rate either way. But again, you know, the reality is 71 00:03:30,040 --> 00:03:32,359 Speaker 5: the US is negotiating at this point with a much 72 00:03:32,400 --> 00:03:35,520 Speaker 5: bigger economic entity in a much more complicated fashion. So 73 00:03:35,600 --> 00:03:38,440 Speaker 5: these conversations are always going to take time, and even 74 00:03:38,480 --> 00:03:40,240 Speaker 5: then you're just looking at getting a framework, not a 75 00:03:40,320 --> 00:03:42,400 Speaker 5: lot of the nuts and bolts of a full throated 76 00:03:42,440 --> 00:03:43,040 Speaker 5: trade agreement. 77 00:03:45,000 --> 00:03:47,320 Speaker 6: Ross, thanks very much, we appreciate it. With Ross Mathis 78 00:03:47,320 --> 00:03:49,120 Speaker 6: and the Bloomberg News director for Year of the Middle 79 00:03:49,160 --> 00:03:52,280 Speaker 6: East and Africa. 80 00:03:52,480 --> 00:03:56,160 Speaker 1: You're listening to the Bloomberg Intelligence podcast. Catch us live 81 00:03:56,240 --> 00:03:59,600 Speaker 1: weekdays at ten am Eastern on Applecarplay and Android Otto 82 00:03:59,680 --> 00:04:02,640 Speaker 1: with the blue Berg Business app. Listen on demand wherever 83 00:04:02,720 --> 00:04:05,840 Speaker 1: you get your podcasts, or watch us live on YouTube. 84 00:04:06,160 --> 00:04:07,360 Speaker 3: All right, it's get to Ana rag Rana. 85 00:04:07,400 --> 00:04:10,240 Speaker 2: He's Bloomberg Intelligence senior US technology analyst. 86 00:04:10,400 --> 00:04:12,880 Speaker 3: Thirty five hundred dollars for an iPhone question mark. 87 00:04:14,560 --> 00:04:16,120 Speaker 4: Yeah, I do not know if that's going to be 88 00:04:16,160 --> 00:04:18,640 Speaker 4: that high, but frankly speaking, it's going to take years 89 00:04:18,640 --> 00:04:20,599 Speaker 4: for something like dex to be built in the US. 90 00:04:20,720 --> 00:04:23,159 Speaker 4: There are no big factories here to assemble these things. 91 00:04:23,480 --> 00:04:26,279 Speaker 4: The one in India started back in twenty seventeen, and 92 00:04:26,360 --> 00:04:28,200 Speaker 4: you know, it took several years for them to even 93 00:04:28,200 --> 00:04:30,599 Speaker 4: come up for the first one. So not an easy 94 00:04:30,640 --> 00:04:33,839 Speaker 4: problem for Tim Cook to solve. Right now, I'm hoping 95 00:04:33,839 --> 00:04:36,080 Speaker 4: he's picking up the phone and you know, calling President 96 00:04:36,120 --> 00:04:39,200 Speaker 4: Trump to see how he can smooth the issues out. 97 00:04:39,760 --> 00:04:43,120 Speaker 4: Perhaps more spend on higher margin items, on chips and 98 00:04:43,320 --> 00:04:46,160 Speaker 4: other areas, but you know, putting together an iPhone in 99 00:04:46,200 --> 00:04:48,520 Speaker 4: the US is going to be, you know, one tough task. 100 00:04:48,880 --> 00:04:52,080 Speaker 6: Is there a credible scenario for production in the United States? 101 00:04:52,120 --> 00:04:53,279 Speaker 6: Any credible scenario? 102 00:04:54,520 --> 00:04:56,800 Speaker 4: No, there are credible scenarios. It depends on how much 103 00:04:56,839 --> 00:04:59,080 Speaker 4: cost you want to you know, incur If you want 104 00:04:59,080 --> 00:05:01,040 Speaker 4: to run on a very thing margin, yes you can 105 00:05:01,040 --> 00:05:03,080 Speaker 4: do it. The real way to do it is to 106 00:05:03,120 --> 00:05:05,640 Speaker 4: have robotics take care of it. But that's not I 107 00:05:05,640 --> 00:05:07,720 Speaker 4: mean we're not there and yet. 108 00:05:07,839 --> 00:05:10,839 Speaker 6: So the whole point of this is to get workers' 109 00:05:11,720 --> 00:05:13,119 Speaker 6: jobs created in the US. 110 00:05:14,720 --> 00:05:16,680 Speaker 4: Yeah, But to think about it, you know, from an 111 00:05:16,720 --> 00:05:19,919 Speaker 4: assembly point of view. This is not for anybody's you know, 112 00:05:20,040 --> 00:05:22,600 Speaker 4: liking a high margin or a high profile job. Do 113 00:05:22,680 --> 00:05:25,240 Speaker 4: you're just assembling phones? I mean, I know what it 114 00:05:25,360 --> 00:05:28,360 Speaker 4: means from a from a you know, marketing point of view, 115 00:05:28,360 --> 00:05:31,920 Speaker 4: but you know, you're better off spending money on high 116 00:05:32,040 --> 00:05:35,960 Speaker 4: end semiconductor chips that are several hundred dollars worth in 117 00:05:36,040 --> 00:05:38,480 Speaker 4: a phone. You know, a few hundred dollars of labor, 118 00:05:38,839 --> 00:05:40,520 Speaker 4: you know, from one side to the other, does not 119 00:05:40,960 --> 00:05:44,000 Speaker 4: really add up to the benefit of you know, anybody, 120 00:05:44,000 --> 00:05:46,719 Speaker 4: either the US or Apple. You know, what's going to 121 00:05:46,720 --> 00:05:49,400 Speaker 4: happen is people are going to go gravitate more towards 122 00:05:49,440 --> 00:05:52,640 Speaker 4: Samsung phones because the cost differential is going to be 123 00:05:52,680 --> 00:05:55,479 Speaker 4: so wide. So it's it's not easy to go out 124 00:05:55,520 --> 00:05:58,400 Speaker 4: and do these you know, what I would call is 125 00:05:58,440 --> 00:06:01,760 Speaker 4: the lower end consumer electronic products compared to some of 126 00:06:01,760 --> 00:06:04,680 Speaker 4: the high end you know, data center stuff for things 127 00:06:04,760 --> 00:06:06,800 Speaker 4: that have much higher capics involved with them. 128 00:06:07,480 --> 00:06:09,040 Speaker 2: So if I'm taking a look at Apple stock, were 129 00:06:09,080 --> 00:06:10,960 Speaker 2: off the lows, but we're still down like two percent, 130 00:06:11,920 --> 00:06:14,640 Speaker 2: should an investor just completely ignore these headlines at this point? 131 00:06:15,960 --> 00:06:18,160 Speaker 4: No, no, no. In fact, on the contrary, this is 132 00:06:18,200 --> 00:06:21,440 Speaker 4: no longer about US and China. This is concerning because 133 00:06:21,440 --> 00:06:24,480 Speaker 4: this is a director. You know, you could say direction 134 00:06:24,640 --> 00:06:26,920 Speaker 4: towards Apple and say, well, you are not doing enough. 135 00:06:27,200 --> 00:06:29,120 Speaker 4: Let me see what you're going to do now. So 136 00:06:29,320 --> 00:06:31,640 Speaker 4: don't go by that twenty five percent, because if Apple 137 00:06:31,680 --> 00:06:34,120 Speaker 4: doesn't go out and fix this problem, you know, this 138 00:06:34,200 --> 00:06:37,080 Speaker 4: rate could go up even higher. So it's it's it's 139 00:06:37,160 --> 00:06:40,000 Speaker 4: more so directed towards one company, which is very unusual 140 00:06:40,080 --> 00:06:42,000 Speaker 4: for you know, for us to see. 141 00:06:42,040 --> 00:06:45,000 Speaker 6: Frankly, well, what has changed do we know in the 142 00:06:45,040 --> 00:06:48,839 Speaker 6: relationship between Donald Trump and Tim Cook? Because, as I 143 00:06:48,880 --> 00:06:50,920 Speaker 6: said before, they kind of got to pass the last 144 00:06:50,920 --> 00:06:51,480 Speaker 6: time around. 145 00:06:52,279 --> 00:06:55,640 Speaker 4: Yeah, I'm not privy to those discussions, Frankly, And you know, 146 00:06:55,680 --> 00:06:57,560 Speaker 4: one of the things I remember, we just heard that 147 00:06:57,920 --> 00:07:00,200 Speaker 4: he did complain in one of his speeches that Tim 148 00:07:00,200 --> 00:07:03,080 Speaker 4: Cook wasn't around with him when he was invesiting the 149 00:07:03,080 --> 00:07:05,640 Speaker 4: Middle East. So I do not know what's happened behind 150 00:07:05,640 --> 00:07:08,560 Speaker 4: the scenes, but definitely not the best time for Apple 151 00:07:08,720 --> 00:07:11,640 Speaker 4: in terms of their government relationships. So that's why I'm saying. 152 00:07:11,680 --> 00:07:13,840 Speaker 4: I'm hoping that they you know, pick up the phone, 153 00:07:14,160 --> 00:07:16,520 Speaker 4: figure out whatever the deal is, they make it, they 154 00:07:16,560 --> 00:07:19,760 Speaker 4: spend the extra money, and then take care of whatever 155 00:07:19,800 --> 00:07:22,120 Speaker 4: the big you know, lingering issues are. 156 00:07:22,400 --> 00:07:24,120 Speaker 2: So now no one's been able to answer your question. 157 00:07:24,200 --> 00:07:25,720 Speaker 2: So that leads me to believe that you need to 158 00:07:25,720 --> 00:07:26,880 Speaker 2: go research this, Tucker. 159 00:07:27,760 --> 00:07:30,680 Speaker 3: Nobody knows what has changed between Tim Cook and President Trump. 160 00:07:30,800 --> 00:07:31,960 Speaker 6: Again, I was feeling it for you. 161 00:07:34,160 --> 00:07:35,760 Speaker 2: He's just going to rub salt in this wound. So 162 00:07:35,760 --> 00:07:38,960 Speaker 2: honorag just you know, for you to know. Paul's out today. 163 00:07:39,160 --> 00:07:40,920 Speaker 2: So John Tucker comes in and says, I'm going to 164 00:07:40,960 --> 00:07:43,880 Speaker 2: be you. Alex, You or Paul, you do all the 165 00:07:43,880 --> 00:07:47,640 Speaker 2: work and I just sit here and I am continually 166 00:07:47,680 --> 00:07:48,320 Speaker 2: offended by this. 167 00:07:48,520 --> 00:07:49,640 Speaker 6: We started off on the wrong. 168 00:07:49,880 --> 00:07:53,200 Speaker 3: We really did. See he's laughing. He knows that's not true. Honuraq, 169 00:07:53,240 --> 00:07:53,840 Speaker 3: I appreciate you. 170 00:07:53,880 --> 00:07:56,680 Speaker 2: On Oak Granda, Bloomberg Intelligence Senior Technology Analyst. 171 00:07:58,320 --> 00:08:01,680 Speaker 1: You're listening to the Bloomberg Intelli Religion's podcast. Catch us 172 00:08:01,760 --> 00:08:04,800 Speaker 1: live weekdays at ten am Eastern on Apple, Cocklay and 173 00:08:04,800 --> 00:08:08,080 Speaker 1: Android Auto with the Bloomberg Business App. Listen on demand 174 00:08:08,120 --> 00:08:11,680 Speaker 1: wherever you get your podcasts, or watch us live on YouTube. 175 00:08:12,240 --> 00:08:15,560 Speaker 2: Alex Steel here alongside John Tucker. Paul Sweeny is off today. 176 00:08:15,600 --> 00:08:17,760 Speaker 2: This is Blomberg Intelligence Radio. We bring you all the 177 00:08:17,800 --> 00:08:21,080 Speaker 2: top news and business, economics and finance. We are broadcasting 178 00:08:21,120 --> 00:08:23,680 Speaker 2: to you live from our interactive brook Or studio right 179 00:08:23,720 --> 00:08:26,040 Speaker 2: here in midtom Manhattans. Check us out on Roku, on 180 00:08:26,080 --> 00:08:30,680 Speaker 2: our smart TV originals content as well as YouTube dot com. 181 00:08:30,720 --> 00:08:33,640 Speaker 2: The stunning headline I sound like Tom Keene, but the 182 00:08:33,679 --> 00:08:36,960 Speaker 2: stunning headline from yesterday that really truly was a jaw dropper. 183 00:08:37,000 --> 00:08:40,960 Speaker 2: All across the newsroom was Harvard University and its latest 184 00:08:40,960 --> 00:08:45,160 Speaker 2: conflict with President Trump. Harvard now suing the Trump administration 185 00:08:45,320 --> 00:08:48,400 Speaker 2: over the Trump administration's decision to block the school from 186 00:08:48,480 --> 00:08:53,000 Speaker 2: enrolling international students, and that affects twenty seven percent of 187 00:08:53,120 --> 00:08:56,760 Speaker 2: the student body. Got Tom at Mukonda is executive Fellow 188 00:08:56,840 --> 00:09:01,679 Speaker 2: at Yale School of Management. Put this into context of 189 00:09:01,679 --> 00:09:04,360 Speaker 2: what this could mean for a school like Harvard that 190 00:09:04,440 --> 00:09:07,480 Speaker 2: not only relies on the brain power of the twenty 191 00:09:07,520 --> 00:09:10,000 Speaker 2: seven percent of the student body, but also the money 192 00:09:10,080 --> 00:09:12,160 Speaker 2: of the twenty seven percent of that student body. 193 00:09:13,480 --> 00:09:16,120 Speaker 7: So this is potentially very damaging for Harvard, which of 194 00:09:16,160 --> 00:09:19,079 Speaker 7: course relies not just on the money. These are money 195 00:09:19,080 --> 00:09:20,640 Speaker 7: and brain powers. So these are some of the best 196 00:09:20,679 --> 00:09:23,760 Speaker 7: students in the world. But there will be a Harvard 197 00:09:24,040 --> 00:09:27,600 Speaker 7: for a long time after this, universities are incredibly resilient Oxford. 198 00:09:27,920 --> 00:09:29,800 Speaker 7: If you go to Oxford and Cambridge, you will see 199 00:09:29,880 --> 00:09:32,079 Speaker 7: niches in the walls that are empty, and if you 200 00:09:32,120 --> 00:09:34,240 Speaker 7: look into the nit back of the niche, you see 201 00:09:34,280 --> 00:09:38,920 Speaker 7: shattered remnants of sculptures. Because Oliver Cromwell's soldiers stormed the 202 00:09:39,040 --> 00:09:43,680 Speaker 7: universities and shattered the images, universities survived lots of things. 203 00:09:44,000 --> 00:09:46,000 Speaker 7: The damage here is not to Harvard, it is to 204 00:09:46,040 --> 00:09:49,920 Speaker 7: the United States. Just back up for a second and 205 00:09:49,960 --> 00:09:53,600 Speaker 7: think about this. Imagine that the Chinese government decided to 206 00:09:53,679 --> 00:09:57,679 Speaker 7: attack an American asset that generated tens to hundreds of 207 00:09:57,720 --> 00:10:00,920 Speaker 7: billions of dollars in economic value every year. That was 208 00:10:01,040 --> 00:10:06,320 Speaker 7: the single most important institution in securing American leadership and science, technology, 209 00:10:07,160 --> 00:10:11,720 Speaker 7: and that also took in the next generation of global leaders, 210 00:10:12,280 --> 00:10:14,880 Speaker 7: exposed them to the best of the United States, and 211 00:10:15,200 --> 00:10:18,520 Speaker 7: indoctrinated them in American values, and then sent them home. 212 00:10:19,080 --> 00:10:21,760 Speaker 7: If the Chinese government decided to attack an asset of 213 00:10:21,760 --> 00:10:24,920 Speaker 7: that value, we would expect the United States government to 214 00:10:25,040 --> 00:10:28,760 Speaker 7: go to war to defend it. And instead it is 215 00:10:28,800 --> 00:10:31,559 Speaker 7: the United States government that is doing it to us, 216 00:10:31,640 --> 00:10:33,000 Speaker 7: to itself. 217 00:10:32,720 --> 00:10:37,040 Speaker 6: And beyond the economic contribution of these students. There are 218 00:10:37,120 --> 00:10:40,719 Speaker 6: other components too. This is sort of like, I mean, 219 00:10:40,800 --> 00:10:42,960 Speaker 6: would you think that it's sort of like the United 220 00:10:43,000 --> 00:10:44,640 Speaker 6: States shooting itself on the foot? 221 00:10:46,200 --> 00:10:48,240 Speaker 7: The United States shooting itself in the foot would be 222 00:10:48,360 --> 00:10:50,360 Speaker 7: kind compared to that. This is the United States shooting 223 00:10:50,360 --> 00:10:54,480 Speaker 7: itself in the stomach. Let's again, let's put this in perspective. 224 00:10:55,120 --> 00:11:00,560 Speaker 7: The just recently Nature identified the ten top research universities 225 00:11:00,559 --> 00:11:02,280 Speaker 7: in the world. So the ten universities of the world 226 00:11:02,320 --> 00:11:04,320 Speaker 7: that contribute the most to science technology. 227 00:11:04,960 --> 00:11:06,280 Speaker 6: Only two of those ten. 228 00:11:06,160 --> 00:11:09,400 Speaker 7: Were American, the other eight were Chinese. Eighth was matt 229 00:11:09,520 --> 00:11:13,920 Speaker 7: mit and first was Harvard. There is no way to 230 00:11:13,960 --> 00:11:17,160 Speaker 7: be globally competitive without leadership and science technology. And the 231 00:11:17,160 --> 00:11:20,520 Speaker 7: Trump administration is attacking the institution of the United States 232 00:11:20,559 --> 00:11:23,200 Speaker 7: that is most successful at doing that. 233 00:11:24,679 --> 00:11:25,959 Speaker 3: So how does this then play out? 234 00:11:26,000 --> 00:11:27,680 Speaker 2: Clearly, this will be tied up in the courts forever, 235 00:11:27,760 --> 00:11:30,560 Speaker 2: and there was a stay from a California judge overnight. 236 00:11:30,600 --> 00:11:33,000 Speaker 2: But if I'm an international student, why would I even 237 00:11:33,000 --> 00:11:34,080 Speaker 2: take the risk at this point? 238 00:11:34,120 --> 00:11:35,800 Speaker 3: Like the brain drain can start. 239 00:11:35,600 --> 00:11:39,280 Speaker 7: Now, Yeah, I mean, so this is clearly lawless by 240 00:11:39,280 --> 00:11:39,960 Speaker 7: the administration. 241 00:11:40,040 --> 00:11:41,480 Speaker 6: It is clearly pretextual. 242 00:11:41,559 --> 00:11:44,679 Speaker 7: So in Christy Gnomes's letter to the Harvard there is 243 00:11:44,760 --> 00:11:47,360 Speaker 7: not a claim of any laws being violated. Is simply 244 00:11:47,440 --> 00:11:50,160 Speaker 7: a bunch of demands. And I note that in Secretary 245 00:11:50,240 --> 00:11:53,480 Speaker 7: Devoce's letter to Harvard explaining why they were taking earlier 246 00:11:53,520 --> 00:11:56,800 Speaker 7: actions anti Semitism, which is supposedly the reason all of 247 00:11:56,840 --> 00:11:59,119 Speaker 7: this was done, was not even mentioned. 248 00:11:59,240 --> 00:12:00,720 Speaker 6: Right. This is clear pretextual. 249 00:12:00,840 --> 00:12:02,840 Speaker 7: This is not to say that Harvard hasn't made mistakes, 250 00:12:03,160 --> 00:12:05,120 Speaker 7: of course it has. It's not to say that Harvard 251 00:12:05,160 --> 00:12:06,760 Speaker 7: hasn't handled issues badly. 252 00:12:06,640 --> 00:12:07,480 Speaker 6: Of course it has. 253 00:12:07,600 --> 00:12:09,720 Speaker 7: But none of this is about that, right, And so 254 00:12:10,600 --> 00:12:13,200 Speaker 7: from the perspective of not just students but also top 255 00:12:13,240 --> 00:12:17,720 Speaker 7: tier researchers right who are dependent heavily on federal funding, 256 00:12:17,960 --> 00:12:20,000 Speaker 7: they're going to be thinking about leading. And here's the 257 00:12:20,040 --> 00:12:25,160 Speaker 7: irony of all ironies. Hong Kong Technology has already announced 258 00:12:25,160 --> 00:12:28,199 Speaker 7: that they will accept students and researchers who are refugees 259 00:12:28,240 --> 00:12:32,280 Speaker 7: from Harvard on favorable terms. The Trump administration is taking 260 00:12:32,320 --> 00:12:35,600 Speaker 7: the best minds in the world and trying to make 261 00:12:35,640 --> 00:12:36,840 Speaker 7: them flee to China. 262 00:12:38,080 --> 00:12:41,600 Speaker 6: Is there time for them to even transfer, as Christy 263 00:12:41,640 --> 00:12:44,400 Speaker 6: Gnome or whomever in the administration said they should do. 264 00:12:46,160 --> 00:12:47,840 Speaker 7: You know, I think it depends on the person. It 265 00:12:47,840 --> 00:12:49,560 Speaker 7: depends on the student. But there are people who are 266 00:12:49,600 --> 00:12:52,400 Speaker 7: devastated right now. I'm getting emails from former students who 267 00:12:52,400 --> 00:12:54,440 Speaker 7: are in tears, who don't know what's going to happen 268 00:12:54,480 --> 00:12:57,440 Speaker 7: to them. And surely the cruelty is part of the point. 269 00:12:57,480 --> 00:13:00,080 Speaker 7: I mean, let's be clear. This is not christ you 270 00:13:00,080 --> 00:13:03,240 Speaker 7: Knowoam said it's herself. This is not about Harvard. This 271 00:13:03,320 --> 00:13:07,600 Speaker 7: is about an attempt by the administration to break American 272 00:13:07,720 --> 00:13:09,319 Speaker 7: higher education to its will. 273 00:13:09,440 --> 00:13:09,600 Speaker 6: Right. 274 00:13:09,640 --> 00:13:13,000 Speaker 7: It is trying to seize control of American ed universities 275 00:13:13,040 --> 00:13:16,200 Speaker 7: and get them become organs of indoctrination. And that's not 276 00:13:16,280 --> 00:13:18,839 Speaker 7: me claiming it. That is literally what Christy Nome has 277 00:13:18,880 --> 00:13:22,440 Speaker 7: stated in her statements. Right, So, yeah, this is going 278 00:13:22,480 --> 00:13:24,760 Speaker 7: to go a lot beyond Harvard, and you know, you 279 00:13:24,840 --> 00:13:26,840 Speaker 7: may leave Harvard and find out that it chases you 280 00:13:26,880 --> 00:13:28,040 Speaker 7: to wherever you go next too. 281 00:13:28,679 --> 00:13:30,800 Speaker 2: Well, how does this affect this comes from our producer 282 00:13:30,800 --> 00:13:32,480 Speaker 2: in the control room. How does this affect those that 283 00:13:32,520 --> 00:13:36,400 Speaker 2: are graduating next week? I mean, if you're an overseas student, like, 284 00:13:36,440 --> 00:13:37,840 Speaker 2: do you wind up getting that degree? 285 00:13:39,360 --> 00:13:41,680 Speaker 7: I mean, my guess is that Harvard will be able 286 00:13:41,679 --> 00:13:43,680 Speaker 7: to get a stay in place for the next week. 287 00:13:44,040 --> 00:13:48,000 Speaker 7: But no one knows that the cruelty and the chaos 288 00:13:48,000 --> 00:13:51,040 Speaker 7: this is imposing is not accidental. It is the point 289 00:13:51,160 --> 00:13:54,079 Speaker 7: they are trying to inflict as much harm as on everybody, 290 00:13:54,200 --> 00:13:56,480 Speaker 7: because it is an object lesson for everyone else. Right, 291 00:13:56,520 --> 00:14:00,600 Speaker 7: Harvard has more wealth, more power, and more institutionals than 292 00:14:00,679 --> 00:14:03,719 Speaker 7: almost any other sort of organization in America. I mean, 293 00:14:03,960 --> 00:14:06,920 Speaker 7: this side of Bloomberg itself. Harvard may have more independence 294 00:14:06,960 --> 00:14:09,560 Speaker 7: from the federal government than anyone else. If they can 295 00:14:09,640 --> 00:14:12,360 Speaker 7: break Harvard, then they are sending a sign that they 296 00:14:12,400 --> 00:14:14,960 Speaker 7: can do it to anybody. And that is the message 297 00:14:14,960 --> 00:14:16,240 Speaker 7: that this is trying to convey. 298 00:14:16,520 --> 00:14:21,840 Speaker 6: Not to mention the network of alum pretty powerful alum. 299 00:14:22,320 --> 00:14:24,000 Speaker 6: Where do they come in on this and. 300 00:14:24,040 --> 00:14:26,200 Speaker 3: How can they? 301 00:14:24,520 --> 00:14:29,480 Speaker 7: Well, so the alums are sort of consistently, not all 302 00:14:29,560 --> 00:14:31,960 Speaker 7: of them to a huge amount, rallying. I'll tell you 303 00:14:32,120 --> 00:14:34,320 Speaker 7: something that I said that I've heard also back from 304 00:14:34,360 --> 00:14:37,040 Speaker 7: many other people. You know, I first got tied to 305 00:14:37,040 --> 00:14:39,120 Speaker 7: Harvard in nineteen ninety seven when I was admitted as 306 00:14:39,120 --> 00:14:41,520 Speaker 7: an undergraduate. And you know, I was there as a student. 307 00:14:41,560 --> 00:14:43,640 Speaker 7: I was there as a faculty member. I'm at Yale now, 308 00:14:43,720 --> 00:14:46,040 Speaker 7: so you know, some mixed feelings about this because of that. 309 00:14:46,640 --> 00:14:50,040 Speaker 7: But I've often been proud of being associated with Harvard 310 00:14:50,080 --> 00:14:52,200 Speaker 7: because it said something about, you know, about me that 311 00:14:52,280 --> 00:14:54,320 Speaker 7: they admitted to me or whatever. But I've often been 312 00:14:54,360 --> 00:14:57,280 Speaker 7: skeptical about Harvard because it seemed focused on you know, 313 00:14:57,320 --> 00:15:00,120 Speaker 7: maybe money or ambition over ideals. They are always thing 314 00:15:00,160 --> 00:15:02,720 Speaker 7: is to criticize there. This is the first time in 315 00:15:02,760 --> 00:15:07,080 Speaker 7: my life that I have been proud of Harvard, right. 316 00:15:07,120 --> 00:15:09,120 Speaker 7: I have been proud of the fact that the university 317 00:15:09,160 --> 00:15:12,040 Speaker 7: is clearly taking a step out and saying we are 318 00:15:12,080 --> 00:15:14,760 Speaker 7: the front line of defensive American democracy and we will 319 00:15:14,840 --> 00:15:17,240 Speaker 7: hold the line. And I cannot tell you how many 320 00:15:17,320 --> 00:15:19,400 Speaker 7: lums have said to me they have never felt this 321 00:15:19,480 --> 00:15:21,240 Speaker 7: good about Harvard as they have at this moment. 322 00:15:21,800 --> 00:15:22,040 Speaker 1: Wow. 323 00:15:22,160 --> 00:15:24,040 Speaker 3: All right, well, we really appreciate that. Thank you for 324 00:15:24,120 --> 00:15:24,600 Speaker 3: joining us. 325 00:15:24,720 --> 00:15:28,280 Speaker 2: Got Tam Muconda, executive fellow at Yale School of Management, 326 00:15:28,400 --> 00:15:30,720 Speaker 2: joining us in the latest a news from Harvard and 327 00:15:30,760 --> 00:15:34,080 Speaker 2: the Trump administration and where we go next. 328 00:15:35,880 --> 00:15:39,600 Speaker 1: You're listening to the Bloomberg Intelligence Podcast. Catch us live 329 00:15:39,680 --> 00:15:42,760 Speaker 1: weekdays at ten am Eastern on Apple Coarclay and Android 330 00:15:42,760 --> 00:15:46,080 Speaker 1: auto with the Bloomberg Business App. Listen on demand wherever 331 00:15:46,120 --> 00:15:49,200 Speaker 1: you get your podcasts, or watch us live on YouTube. 332 00:15:49,600 --> 00:15:51,880 Speaker 2: We have a special guest for you in studio. Really 333 00:15:51,920 --> 00:15:55,080 Speaker 2: happy to get this perspective. Mario marcel Is a chile 334 00:15:55,200 --> 00:15:57,920 Speaker 2: finance minister. You joined this in studio. There is a 335 00:15:58,000 --> 00:16:02,560 Speaker 2: Chile Day event a year conference that promotes Chile in 336 00:16:02,640 --> 00:16:04,080 Speaker 2: the international finance market. 337 00:16:04,200 --> 00:16:07,040 Speaker 3: What is your pitch to investors right now? 338 00:16:08,600 --> 00:16:13,240 Speaker 8: Well, this meeting happens has been happening every year for 339 00:16:13,720 --> 00:16:19,200 Speaker 8: I think that like fifteen years so far. Every year 340 00:16:19,280 --> 00:16:21,840 Speaker 8: we have a special focus. This year is basically that 341 00:16:21,960 --> 00:16:28,040 Speaker 8: the Chilean economy has fully rebalanced from the disquilibria that 342 00:16:28,200 --> 00:16:33,200 Speaker 8: was left after COVID nineteen, that we have our house 343 00:16:33,240 --> 00:16:37,400 Speaker 8: in order. The economy grew to zero point six percent 344 00:16:38,040 --> 00:16:42,160 Speaker 8: last year and we are prepared to continue growing. But 345 00:16:42,280 --> 00:16:45,440 Speaker 8: of course we are facing the risks that everyone does 346 00:16:46,000 --> 00:16:49,360 Speaker 8: these days. But the Chile appears to be better prepared 347 00:16:49,360 --> 00:16:52,240 Speaker 8: on a number of dimensions to face the juncture. 348 00:16:52,600 --> 00:16:54,840 Speaker 6: All right, Now, be honest with this next question. You 349 00:16:54,880 --> 00:16:57,240 Speaker 6: just heard Kevin Whitelaw talking about does the rest of 350 00:16:57,280 --> 00:16:58,960 Speaker 6: the world think the United States is nuts? 351 00:17:00,800 --> 00:17:06,600 Speaker 8: A question it is, can I yes, Fifth Amendment? 352 00:17:07,119 --> 00:17:09,479 Speaker 6: Okay, all right, all right, since you're going to take 353 00:17:09,480 --> 00:17:11,520 Speaker 6: the fifth on that. And by the way, I have 354 00:17:11,560 --> 00:17:14,560 Speaker 6: to say, just parenthetically, on my bucket list is a 355 00:17:14,680 --> 00:17:15,359 Speaker 6: visit to Chile. 356 00:17:15,520 --> 00:17:17,440 Speaker 3: Okay, well, you're talking to the right person. It looks 357 00:17:17,480 --> 00:17:18,080 Speaker 3: like not me. 358 00:17:18,400 --> 00:17:21,880 Speaker 6: What is the driest desert in the world, I believe, right, yeah. 359 00:17:21,760 --> 00:17:24,919 Speaker 8: Sure, And but do I know that the desert is 360 00:17:25,000 --> 00:17:26,640 Speaker 8: a home to a. 361 00:17:26,760 --> 00:17:30,639 Speaker 6: Very large telescope appropriately a name, among other things. So 362 00:17:30,720 --> 00:17:32,520 Speaker 6: for science geeks, that's the place to go. 363 00:17:32,640 --> 00:17:39,120 Speaker 8: Teles coves, wind power, mining, cover mining, lithium mining, all 364 00:17:39,160 --> 00:17:39,400 Speaker 8: of that. 365 00:17:40,160 --> 00:17:43,360 Speaker 6: CELLI is one of the largest copper producers in the world, 366 00:17:43,440 --> 00:17:44,320 Speaker 6: if not the biggest. 367 00:17:45,520 --> 00:17:46,040 Speaker 8: Number one. 368 00:17:46,440 --> 00:17:49,720 Speaker 6: Can I talk to you about the dollar, the weakness 369 00:17:49,840 --> 00:17:53,720 Speaker 6: in the dollar and em currencies like the peso have 370 00:17:53,840 --> 00:17:57,560 Speaker 6: been on a tier. Your thoughts on the dollar weakness, 371 00:17:57,680 --> 00:18:01,280 Speaker 6: and then whether or not you have to galeback purchases 372 00:18:01,359 --> 00:18:03,040 Speaker 6: of US data as a result of that. 373 00:18:04,240 --> 00:18:06,480 Speaker 8: Yes, so, well, the way we see it is that 374 00:18:07,359 --> 00:18:12,720 Speaker 8: you know, in the balance between the dollar as a 375 00:18:12,840 --> 00:18:17,680 Speaker 8: refuge in terms of uncertainty and the issues that concentrate 376 00:18:17,800 --> 00:18:21,000 Speaker 8: on risk coming from the US. The second is waiting 377 00:18:21,080 --> 00:18:23,320 Speaker 8: more today, and that is what has been weakening the 378 00:18:23,480 --> 00:18:24,000 Speaker 8: US dollar. 379 00:18:25,080 --> 00:18:29,480 Speaker 2: So we mentioned the commodities that Chile produces, et cetera. 380 00:18:30,080 --> 00:18:33,080 Speaker 2: Just how is that going? And I say that globally, 381 00:18:33,080 --> 00:18:35,600 Speaker 2: but what I mean is that the tear of negativity 382 00:18:35,640 --> 00:18:39,520 Speaker 2: globally has disrupted a lot of investment decisions, disrupted a 383 00:18:39,560 --> 00:18:41,680 Speaker 2: lot of long term contracts or demand. 384 00:18:42,280 --> 00:18:45,520 Speaker 8: What have you noticed, Well, we have a very strong 385 00:18:45,840 --> 00:18:51,560 Speaker 8: pipeline of investment producing mining, particularly in copper. Those have 386 00:18:52,040 --> 00:18:56,199 Speaker 8: multiplied by five for the next four years in the 387 00:18:56,240 --> 00:19:00,000 Speaker 8: course of a little more than a year. Basically because 388 00:19:00,160 --> 00:19:03,440 Speaker 8: the long term price of copper is expected to remain 389 00:19:03,480 --> 00:19:07,440 Speaker 8: pretty solid. Uh, and there will still be a lot 390 00:19:07,480 --> 00:19:13,000 Speaker 8: of world demand for copper coming from electron mobility, from 391 00:19:13,280 --> 00:19:20,200 Speaker 8: technological changes, from construction in some countries. So and actually 392 00:19:20,240 --> 00:19:23,960 Speaker 8: the price of copper has remained pretty strong in the 393 00:19:24,040 --> 00:19:27,600 Speaker 8: last in the last few months, even in the face of. 394 00:19:27,560 --> 00:19:30,399 Speaker 2: The tariffs that just where you send that copper from 395 00:19:30,520 --> 00:19:33,840 Speaker 2: Chile to have that changed at all, Well. 396 00:19:34,600 --> 00:19:40,159 Speaker 8: Our copper production, in terms of metal as kettles, goes 397 00:19:40,520 --> 00:19:43,560 Speaker 8: mostly to the US. We are the main supplier of 398 00:19:44,720 --> 00:19:48,080 Speaker 8: copper kettles to the US market and therefore a very 399 00:19:48,119 --> 00:19:53,600 Speaker 8: important supplier of US manufacturing, and the copper concentrate is 400 00:19:53,640 --> 00:19:57,640 Speaker 8: basically demanded from China, given that China has the largest 401 00:19:58,200 --> 00:19:59,680 Speaker 8: smelting capacity in the world. 402 00:20:00,320 --> 00:20:02,960 Speaker 6: The quality of the ore have you been able to 403 00:20:03,200 --> 00:20:03,800 Speaker 6: maintain that? 404 00:20:05,240 --> 00:20:10,600 Speaker 8: Well? A large part of investments are aimed at at 405 00:20:10,640 --> 00:20:15,600 Speaker 8: the compensating for the declining quality of ore as minds 406 00:20:15,680 --> 00:20:22,439 Speaker 8: get older. So that means that in Chile we have 407 00:20:23,040 --> 00:20:25,000 Speaker 8: we're planning to have a lot of investment. Part of 408 00:20:25,040 --> 00:20:27,880 Speaker 8: that we will compensate over that and other part will 409 00:20:27,880 --> 00:20:31,399 Speaker 8: increase the volume of production. We expect to grow a 410 00:20:31,440 --> 00:20:36,159 Speaker 8: production by one million tons from twenty to twenty thirty. 411 00:20:37,040 --> 00:20:41,000 Speaker 6: And the range of possibilities for the election with the 412 00:20:41,119 --> 00:20:42,879 Speaker 6: elections at the end of the year. At the end 413 00:20:42,920 --> 00:20:45,240 Speaker 6: of the year, what does it mean for investors? Because 414 00:20:45,240 --> 00:20:49,719 Speaker 6: there are the current president your boss her term is up. 415 00:20:49,720 --> 00:20:52,800 Speaker 8: Correct, Yes, we don't have a re election in Chile. 416 00:20:52,880 --> 00:20:55,920 Speaker 8: Therefore there will be a new president. 417 00:20:57,440 --> 00:21:01,640 Speaker 6: But the range of possibilities what the that mean for investors? 418 00:21:02,520 --> 00:21:06,240 Speaker 8: Well, so far it looks like the investors are very 419 00:21:06,240 --> 00:21:10,240 Speaker 8: positive about the sort of the structural strength of the country. 420 00:21:11,200 --> 00:21:14,439 Speaker 8: They don't see any major policy changes coming up in 421 00:21:14,480 --> 00:21:19,040 Speaker 8: their areas like in this case copper or energy or 422 00:21:19,240 --> 00:21:23,040 Speaker 8: other key sectors in the Chilean economy. So in the 423 00:21:23,119 --> 00:21:28,200 Speaker 8: last few days we have had announcements of pretty large projects. 424 00:21:28,880 --> 00:21:33,639 Speaker 8: Total announced sixteen billion project on green hydrogen and ammonia 425 00:21:33,680 --> 00:21:38,440 Speaker 8: in the far South. We had Amazon Web Services announcing 426 00:21:38,960 --> 00:21:43,119 Speaker 8: four and a half billion dollars in data centers. The 427 00:21:43,200 --> 00:21:47,160 Speaker 8: digital industry infrastructure is growing pretty much in Chile as well. 428 00:21:47,440 --> 00:21:51,000 Speaker 2: How does that impact domestic inflation when you have a 429 00:21:51,000 --> 00:21:52,520 Speaker 2: lot of industry then coming down. 430 00:21:53,840 --> 00:21:58,639 Speaker 8: Well, demand is pretty much in line to the economy 431 00:21:58,720 --> 00:22:04,320 Speaker 8: growing more two and a half percent. Inflation is pretty 432 00:22:04,359 --> 00:22:07,760 Speaker 8: much under control. We have some upward pressure coming from 433 00:22:07,800 --> 00:22:12,719 Speaker 8: the normalization of electricity tariffs that were frozen during the 434 00:22:12,760 --> 00:22:18,399 Speaker 8: COVID nineteen crisis, but we expect inflation to go back 435 00:22:18,440 --> 00:22:21,720 Speaker 8: to the central Bank target of three percent by the 436 00:22:21,760 --> 00:22:23,040 Speaker 8: beginning of twenty twenty six. 437 00:22:23,240 --> 00:22:25,720 Speaker 6: Are you going to stick around in your job through 438 00:22:25,720 --> 00:22:27,680 Speaker 6: the end of the year or like, what's your. 439 00:22:29,320 --> 00:22:32,480 Speaker 8: Well, I will stay there as long as President needs me. 440 00:22:33,640 --> 00:22:37,600 Speaker 8: But I mean, we have so many things to do. 441 00:22:37,720 --> 00:22:43,800 Speaker 8: We have, you know, further physical consolidation to implement. We 442 00:22:44,000 --> 00:22:49,600 Speaker 8: have announced just an additional package of incentives for new 443 00:22:49,640 --> 00:22:52,439 Speaker 8: investments in the country, and of course dealing with the 444 00:22:52,480 --> 00:22:56,360 Speaker 8: negotiations with the US on taistent trade. 445 00:22:56,760 --> 00:22:59,240 Speaker 2: All right, Maria, thanks lot, We really appreciate it. Thank 446 00:22:59,280 --> 00:23:01,320 Speaker 2: you so much for joining us. Maria marcel a chile 447 00:23:01,440 --> 00:23:02,200 Speaker 2: finance minister. 448 00:23:02,359 --> 00:23:04,399 Speaker 6: And on the way home, I will be stopping to 449 00:23:04,440 --> 00:23:06,880 Speaker 6: get some Chilean wine because it's very good. 450 00:23:07,640 --> 00:23:07,959 Speaker 8: It is. 451 00:23:08,600 --> 00:23:10,320 Speaker 6: He agrees a recommendation. 452 00:23:10,560 --> 00:23:12,560 Speaker 3: Okay, if on a is you going to give you recommendation? 453 00:23:13,119 --> 00:23:15,879 Speaker 2: Yes, we'll work off air. We'll get some recommendations for 454 00:23:15,960 --> 00:23:17,639 Speaker 2: some good Chilean wine. That's a great idea. 455 00:23:17,760 --> 00:23:22,879 Speaker 3: John Tucker the best amazing price to quality ratio. 456 00:23:23,600 --> 00:23:28,320 Speaker 1: This is the Bloomberg Intelligence podcast, available on Apple, Spotify, 457 00:23:28,480 --> 00:23:31,960 Speaker 1: and anywhere else you get your podcasts. Listen live each 458 00:23:32,000 --> 00:23:35,760 Speaker 1: weekday ten am to noon Eastern on Bloomberg dot com, 459 00:23:35,880 --> 00:23:39,399 Speaker 1: the iHeartRadio app, tune In, and the Bloomberg Business app. 460 00:23:39,800 --> 00:23:42,760 Speaker 1: You can also watch us live every weekday on YouTube 461 00:23:43,160 --> 00:23:45,400 Speaker 1: and always on the Bloomberg terminal.