WEBVTT - Netflix and Tesla Earnings Under the Investor Microscope

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<v Speaker 1>This is Bloomberg Business Wait inside from the reporters and

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<v Speaker 1>editors who bring you America's most trusted business magazine, plus

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<v Speaker 1>global business, finance and tech news. The Bloomberg Business Week

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<v Speaker 1>Podcast with Carol Messer and Tim Stenebeck from Bloomberg Radio.

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<v Speaker 2>Here to ask my brother the worst thing that's happened

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<v Speaker 2>to him over the last year. He would, no doubt say,

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<v Speaker 2>the trouble that I'm logging into Matt.

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<v Speaker 3>Matt, if you're listening.

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<v Speaker 2>Logging into the family Netflix account.

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<v Speaker 3>What do you mean? Denny's mentioned it's up about seventeen

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<v Speaker 3>percent this year. It's pretty much staying just off its

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<v Speaker 3>highs of the day. The high was up eighteen percent,

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<v Speaker 3>so it's holding out of the games. Despite the FED

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<v Speaker 3>talk the focus on rates. Netflix now up almost thirty

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<v Speaker 3>seven percent year to date.

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<v Speaker 2>Wow, so this after the company said it's raising prices

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<v Speaker 2>for some customers here in the US, the UK, France.

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<v Speaker 2>It's posted its best quarter for subscriber growth in years.

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<v Speaker 2>It's a sign that management's confidence in the future, even

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<v Speaker 2>as rival streaming services lose money. Speaking of rivals, Yeah, Meanwhile,

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<v Speaker 2>profit at Walt Disney's Sports TV networks fell twenty percent

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<v Speaker 2>through the first nine months of fiscal twenty twenty three,

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<v Speaker 2>as the company provided the first peak at that business

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<v Speaker 2>on a standalone basis. We got with us a great

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<v Speaker 2>voice on all things media and streaming. Keita Rogna gothen

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<v Speaker 2>Tech in, a media analyst a Bloomberg Intelligence. She joins

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<v Speaker 2>us on Zoom from BI headquarters in Princeton. Gita, I

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<v Speaker 2>want to get to Disney in a few minutes. First,

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<v Speaker 2>let's just start with Netflix. Wow, a great quarter from

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<v Speaker 2>the company. It turns out that cracking down on password

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<v Speaker 2>sharing actually does lead to people who signing up for Netflix.

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<v Speaker 4>Yeah, it absolutely does. And this, you know, it just

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<v Speaker 4>tells us about the power of the platform, right Tim,

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<v Speaker 4>because Netflix, I think today is really more like a

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<v Speaker 4>utility almost, and so people really do want to have

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<v Speaker 4>this service. It's a must have when it comes to

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<v Speaker 4>streaming content. And that's kind of reinforced by the fact that,

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<v Speaker 4>you know, you just look at their subscriber gains in

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<v Speaker 4>in the third quarter. And what's even more surprising is

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<v Speaker 4>the guidance that they gave for the fourth quarter. Apart

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<v Speaker 4>from the fact that they do expect the subscriber momentum

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<v Speaker 4>to kind of continue into twenty twenty four, So they

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<v Speaker 4>do recognize the power of the platform, and I think

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<v Speaker 4>the real guts move was the fact that they really

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<v Speaker 4>announced that those price changes, right, so they know that

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<v Speaker 4>they have a lot of pricing power. They know that

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<v Speaker 4>people really love their content and are going to sign

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<v Speaker 4>up no matter what.

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<v Speaker 3>In terms of where they announce those price increases is

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<v Speaker 3>that where they're growing the most.

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<v Speaker 4>That's where there are Pooh is the highest, so their

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<v Speaker 4>average revenue per user number is the highest, So those

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<v Speaker 4>are the markets that contribute the most in terms of revenue.

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<v Speaker 4>So yes, they wanted to make sure that they're able

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<v Speaker 4>to kind of offer a nice variety of different price points.

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<v Speaker 4>But they also know that, you know, taking up the

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<v Speaker 4>premium price, so they increase the premium price plan by

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<v Speaker 4>about fifteen percent in the US, or instead of costing

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<v Speaker 4>twenty dollars now it will cost about twenty three dollars,

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<v Speaker 4>so kind of really forcing you to pay up, but

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<v Speaker 4>again offering enough flexibility because they left the ad based

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<v Speaker 4>plan at that low price point of seven dollars. So

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<v Speaker 4>what they're effectively trying to do is push more and

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<v Speaker 4>more people to take advertising. Because though they mentioned that

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<v Speaker 4>advertising is kind of building it is gaining traction, they

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<v Speaker 4>still do need a critical mass of subscribers on that

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<v Speaker 4>ad based plan to really attract the big, big AD

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<v Speaker 4>dollars and build up a huge business.

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<v Speaker 3>One thing I want to ask, do you feel like,

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<v Speaker 3>following this report, Kita, that it's Netflix when it comes

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<v Speaker 3>to streaming and everybody else like Netflix just seems to

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<v Speaker 3>have figured it out, especially when you look at their

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<v Speaker 3>you know, free cash.

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<v Speaker 4>Flow, they certainly have figured it out. I mean, you know,

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<v Speaker 4>one year ago we were in the midst of this

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<v Speaker 4>great Netflix correction and we were all scratching our heads about,

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<v Speaker 4>you know, what is the endgame for streaming, And they've

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<v Speaker 4>kind of really definitely cracked the code when it comes

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<v Speaker 4>to building subscriber scale, when it comes to profitability, because

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<v Speaker 4>you just look at some of the profit metrics that

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<v Speaker 4>they threw out there. You know, there was a little

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<v Speaker 4>bit of concern Carol about their margin trajectory, but they

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<v Speaker 4>kind of put that to rest because they said that

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<v Speaker 4>you know, they will get to two to three percent

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<v Speaker 4>increase in twenty twenty four, so about twenty three percent

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<v Speaker 4>operating margins. And I think the real positive commentary was

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<v Speaker 4>they said there's really no ceiling here, so you know,

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<v Speaker 4>they know that they have a lot of operating leverage

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<v Speaker 4>in the model. And it's been a complete shift in

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<v Speaker 4>the tone in the sentiment from last year and definitely

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<v Speaker 4>from last quarter. There's a lot more confidence in the story.

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<v Speaker 4>I think it's emerging as a real clean story now

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<v Speaker 4>and a lot of levers that they have to pull

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<v Speaker 4>going out into the next few quarters.

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<v Speaker 2>I got to push back on Carol's comment about year

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<v Speaker 2>to date a little bit. Carol, forgive me, Netflix might

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<v Speaker 2>be doing very well year to date, but if we

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<v Speaker 2>take a look at what it's done over the last

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<v Speaker 2>few years, we are still down geta more than forty

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<v Speaker 2>percent from those all time highs that were reached a

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<v Speaker 2>while back in November of twenty twenty one. Where is

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<v Speaker 2>Netflix right now after that terrible few months that it's

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<v Speaker 2>stuff for a couple of years ago.

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<v Speaker 4>Yes, I think you know, that was obviously the perfect storm,

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<v Speaker 4>and I think in our minds we had kind of

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<v Speaker 4>always thought of the total addressable market for Netflix as

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<v Speaker 4>kind of being this one billion dollar, sorry, one billion

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<v Speaker 4>user market. Of course, when they kind of hit the

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<v Speaker 4>wall and they started even losing subscribers, there was this

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<v Speaker 4>def definitely, this reset a recalibration of kind of assessing

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<v Speaker 4>the whole streaming space, and now I think we've kind

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<v Speaker 4>of finally come to the conclusion that it's probably closer

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<v Speaker 4>to about five hundred million. That's kind of what Netflix

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<v Speaker 4>keeps saying over and over again. They're at that halfway point.

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<v Speaker 4>So you know, out of that five hundred million market,

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<v Speaker 4>they're already at two to fifty million. Question is are

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<v Speaker 4>they going to be able to get to the next

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<v Speaker 4>two fifty million. I think so, I mean maybe not,

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<v Speaker 4>you know, total penetration, but I think they'll get to

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<v Speaker 4>almost sixty seventy percent there at almost sixty seventy percent

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<v Speaker 4>here in the US, so there's no reason they should

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<v Speaker 4>be able to get to that in other developed markets

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<v Speaker 4>as well and kind of really build that base in developing,

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<v Speaker 4>you know, emerging and developing markets.

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<v Speaker 3>You know, I was thinking about the conversation at screen

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<v Speaker 3>time with Ted Sarandos that Lucashaw had, and I do

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<v Speaker 3>feel like this is a company, you know, geta that

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<v Speaker 3>does figure out how to pivot. If you think about

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<v Speaker 3>the origins of this company, right, like, it's just pretty amazing.

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<v Speaker 4>Absolutely. I mean, you know, they introduced DVD. They knew

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<v Speaker 4>when to get into streaming, they knew when to make

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<v Speaker 4>that pivot from licensed programming to original programming, and they

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<v Speaker 4>knew also when to make the pivot just from English

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<v Speaker 4>originals to you know, originals and all kinds of local languages.

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<v Speaker 4>And that's actually performing really really well for them. So

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<v Speaker 4>they've kind of they've they've really known how to kind

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<v Speaker 4>of adapt and kind of be the leader.

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<v Speaker 2>Gita. I mentioned Disney because we got we got to

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<v Speaker 2>talk a little bit about the peak that we got

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<v Speaker 2>at Disney's Sports TV network profit. It fell twenty percent

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<v Speaker 2>through the first nine months of fiscal twenty twenty three.

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<v Speaker 2>You wrote that the results could help Disney attract outside investors,

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<v Speaker 2>and you also said the business could be worth as

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<v Speaker 2>much as twenty two billion dollars based on those newly

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<v Speaker 2>released figures. Give us your interpretation of what we saw

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<v Speaker 2>released in that filing yesterday.

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<v Speaker 4>Yeah, so those are a little bit of both good

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<v Speaker 4>and bad news, I would say, Tim. So, the good

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<v Speaker 4>news is that the top line is relatively stable, so

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<v Speaker 4>they do generate a pretty hefty sixteen billion dollars per year,

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<v Speaker 4>both from affiliate fees as well as advertising. This is

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<v Speaker 4>just the ESPN division, both domestic and international TV channels,

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<v Speaker 4>as well as their ESPN Plus streaming unit, which is

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<v Speaker 4>pretty good and you know the fact that it has

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<v Speaker 4>been pretty stable, hasn't really moved around too much. That's

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<v Speaker 4>good news. The bad news is their margins are fairly low.

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<v Speaker 4>So we're talking about mid teens operating margins. And the

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<v Speaker 4>reason why this is pretty low and I say it's

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<v Speaker 4>low because you look at a cable network, and average

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<v Speaker 4>cable network the typical margins are around thirty to thirty

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<v Speaker 4>five percent. So this is a little bit of a

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<v Speaker 4>different animal because you know, you have sports rights fees,

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<v Speaker 4>and sports rights fees are not only huge, they also

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<v Speaker 4>keep increasing pretty rapidly year after year, and so that's

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<v Speaker 4>one thing that kind of ESPN has to grapple with

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<v Speaker 4>that reality. So margins are pretty low. EBIT or EBITDA

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<v Speaker 4>is in decline, so they do have to do something,

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<v Speaker 4>they have to do it fast. You know, obviously this

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<v Speaker 4>is a very very valuable asset. Everybody knows that they

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<v Speaker 4>have tremendous reach, they have tremendous brand name, so I

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<v Speaker 4>think you know they're they're of course looking for a

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<v Speaker 4>distribution partner I think that's kind of why they want

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<v Speaker 4>to provide this transparency in terms of, you know, their financials.

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<v Speaker 4>So we'll have to see how it plays out.

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<v Speaker 3>So geta distribution partner or do they just want an

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<v Speaker 3>outright sale of it or do they want to still

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<v Speaker 3>kind of have some control or connection with it and

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<v Speaker 3>just kint about thirty seconds.

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<v Speaker 4>Yeah, I think they still definitely want to retain the asset.

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<v Speaker 4>I mean, this is this is a huge asset for them,

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<v Speaker 4>you know, so I think they definitely want to have

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<v Speaker 4>some kind of control, but they also need a distribution partner.

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<v Speaker 4>So they've been looking at different you know, players, whether

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<v Speaker 4>it's a Horizon, whether it's an Apple. So we'll have

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<v Speaker 4>to see how that kind of plays out.

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<v Speaker 3>All right, So appreciate it. You are our hidden gem.

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<v Speaker 3>Guita Ranganathan. She's technology media analyst at Bloomberg Intelligence, joining

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<v Speaker 3>us from BI headquarters in Princeton, New Jersey. But man,

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<v Speaker 3>I love talking on media with her. She's just so

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<v Speaker 3>on it and just knows it all.

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<v Speaker 2>It's pretty amazing to see Netflix up seventeen percent today, Carol.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, in a day where we have seen certainly the

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<v Speaker 3>equity side of things whipsod in the markets. And Netflix

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<v Speaker 3>is pretty much held on too. And this is when

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<v Speaker 3>you you know, will have strategists or folks and say,

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<v Speaker 3>you know, you get a look company by company in

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<v Speaker 3>this market place.

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<v Speaker 2>Sure to the day of the Nasdack's down nine tens one percent.

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<v Speaker 1>If you're listening to the Bloomberg Business Week podcast, catch

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<v Speaker 3>Want to talk, certainly, that's having an impact in the market.

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<v Speaker 3>Tesla shares there about one point seven percent of the

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<v Speaker 3>S and P five hundred, nearly three percent of the

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<v Speaker 3>Nasdaq one hundred, and they are definitely under pressure today.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, down ten point three percent as we speak this

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<v Speaker 2>after third quarter results fall below concessus analyst that's Smiths

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<v Speaker 2>across the board. Carrol, we're talking profit, we're talking sales,

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<v Speaker 2>We're talking margins Eland Musk calls to struck a cautious

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<v Speaker 2>tone on the call yesterday.

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<v Speaker 3>You have seen pretty bummed out right. He dialed back

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<v Speaker 3>expectations for Tesla as years of rapid expansion collide with

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<v Speaker 3>rising interest rates in a more host conscious consume our interest.

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<v Speaker 3>Everybody was consumed with how many times he said interest.

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<v Speaker 3>Dana Hall is senior technology reporter for Bloomberg News. She's

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<v Speaker 3>back with us on the phone in San Francisco. Danna,

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<v Speaker 3>thanks for being with us. Gosh, it feels like it

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<v Speaker 3>was a pretty He was really pretty bummed out here

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<v Speaker 3>following this release. But let's go give us first of

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<v Speaker 3>all the highlights the low lights and then talk to

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<v Speaker 3>us about his tone on the call.

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<v Speaker 5>Yeah, so it was I mean, so we sort of

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<v Speaker 5>knew that it was going to be a bad quarter

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<v Speaker 5>because Tesla missed their delivery targets in terms of how

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<v Speaker 5>many cars they delivered to customers in three Q, so

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<v Speaker 5>we knew it was going to be deb bad. But

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<v Speaker 5>even then, they like missed on EPs, they missed on margins.

0:10:41.200 --> 0:10:43.640
<v Speaker 5>And then what was funny was that it was like

0:10:43.640 --> 0:10:45.600
<v Speaker 5>this weird thing so that it was a bad quarter,

0:10:46.240 --> 0:10:47.800
<v Speaker 5>but they announced that they were going to hand over

0:10:47.800 --> 0:10:50.760
<v Speaker 5>the first cyber truck on November thirtieth. So initially after

0:10:50.800 --> 0:10:53.480
<v Speaker 5>the release hit, the stock was actually positive. When we

0:10:53.480 --> 0:10:56.320
<v Speaker 5>were like, okay, everyone must be excited about the cyber truck.

0:10:56.760 --> 0:11:00.480
<v Speaker 5>Then the call begins and Elon was like the most dour,

0:11:01.360 --> 0:11:05.439
<v Speaker 5>down beaten, down trodden CEO like I've heard in a while,

0:11:05.559 --> 0:11:07.880
<v Speaker 5>and like he has different moods, right, Like usually he's

0:11:07.960 --> 0:11:10.120
<v Speaker 5>very ebulate. This is like dower Elon. I mean he

0:11:10.160 --> 0:11:13.719
<v Speaker 5>said things like I'm scarred by two thousand and nine

0:11:13.720 --> 0:11:16.440
<v Speaker 5>when General Motors and Chrysler wet bankrupt. That has seared

0:11:16.480 --> 0:11:19.320
<v Speaker 5>into my mind with a branding iron. Then he talked

0:11:19.360 --> 0:11:21.880
<v Speaker 5>about the challenges of the cyber truck and he said,

0:11:21.920 --> 0:11:24.840
<v Speaker 5>we dug our own graves with the cyber truck. Nobody

0:11:24.880 --> 0:11:28.840
<v Speaker 5>in general digs their own grave better than themselves. And

0:11:28.840 --> 0:11:30.400
<v Speaker 5>then he spent a lot of time just talking about

0:11:30.400 --> 0:11:32.319
<v Speaker 5>interest rates and how we have to make our cars

0:11:32.360 --> 0:11:35.160
<v Speaker 5>more affordable and that when interest rates are high, that

0:11:35.360 --> 0:11:38.280
<v Speaker 5>just raises the price of the car for the average consumer. So,

0:11:39.000 --> 0:11:41.760
<v Speaker 5>I mean, he's complained about interest rates for quite a while,

0:11:41.800 --> 0:11:45.880
<v Speaker 5>but he was just like he just sounds deflated, and

0:11:46.120 --> 0:11:48.520
<v Speaker 5>it really brings into question whether Tesla's going to hit

0:11:48.520 --> 0:11:51.319
<v Speaker 5>their target for the year if more price cuts are

0:11:51.360 --> 0:11:54.400
<v Speaker 5>to come, you know. So it's just it was it

0:11:54.440 --> 0:11:56.880
<v Speaker 5>was wild and like you're seeing the stock is down

0:11:56.920 --> 0:11:58.760
<v Speaker 5>ten percent today. That's a big move for Tuessla.

0:11:58.840 --> 0:12:00.480
<v Speaker 3>Does it need a warm puppy or new plan.

0:12:02.880 --> 0:12:05.439
<v Speaker 5>I think that, like we were talking, I was talking

0:12:05.480 --> 0:12:07.600
<v Speaker 5>about this earlier today with some colleagues, you know. I

0:12:07.600 --> 0:12:10.520
<v Speaker 5>think the one thing that people forget is that the

0:12:10.640 --> 0:12:14.640
<v Speaker 5>era of free money is over and Tesla's growth story

0:12:14.840 --> 0:12:18.200
<v Speaker 5>was really fueled by these rock bottom interest rates that

0:12:18.360 --> 0:12:20.520
<v Speaker 5>lasted for like over a decade. And this is the

0:12:20.559 --> 0:12:23.760
<v Speaker 5>first time that Tesla has really been in a high

0:12:23.800 --> 0:12:27.719
<v Speaker 5>interest rate environment. And the automotive industry is very cyclical.

0:12:28.679 --> 0:12:31.120
<v Speaker 5>People are very price conference when you have mortgage debt,

0:12:31.120 --> 0:12:33.079
<v Speaker 5>when you have credit card debt, when like the cost

0:12:33.120 --> 0:12:35.600
<v Speaker 5>of food is through the roof, when like your your

0:12:35.720 --> 0:12:38.760
<v Speaker 5>personal paycheck is you know, not going as far as

0:12:38.760 --> 0:12:40.960
<v Speaker 5>it used to. Like a car is a really big

0:12:41.000 --> 0:12:43.600
<v Speaker 5>purchase for people, and if you can't afford that monthly payment,

0:12:44.240 --> 0:12:48.000
<v Speaker 5>you're going to wait. And and unfortunately, like Musk has

0:12:48.080 --> 0:12:50.120
<v Speaker 5>kind of trained us all to know that, like he

0:12:50.240 --> 0:12:52.679
<v Speaker 5>will continue to cut races. So I think a lot

0:12:52.720 --> 0:12:55.199
<v Speaker 5>of customers are sitting on the sidelines wondering if he's

0:12:55.200 --> 0:12:58.679
<v Speaker 5>going to cut prices yet again. So there's just a

0:12:58.880 --> 0:13:01.960
<v Speaker 5>in in, you know, So he's going a little bit

0:13:01.960 --> 0:13:03.520
<v Speaker 5>of a pickle. I think that you're going to see

0:13:03.559 --> 0:13:05.920
<v Speaker 5>a lot of analysts change their price targets. You're going

0:13:05.960 --> 0:13:07.920
<v Speaker 5>to see a lot of forecasts for twenty twenty four

0:13:07.920 --> 0:13:12.839
<v Speaker 5>come down. And then we also, okay, so now last point.

0:13:13.320 --> 0:13:15.000
<v Speaker 5>So they're going to hand over the cyber truck on

0:13:15.040 --> 0:13:17.360
<v Speaker 5>November thirtieth, we still don't know how much it's gonna cost,

0:13:17.480 --> 0:13:20.280
<v Speaker 5>Like they still have not given any specs, so that's

0:13:20.320 --> 0:13:21.360
<v Speaker 5>like a big missing number.

0:13:21.559 --> 0:13:24.600
<v Speaker 2>Did this make you feel Dana like it was twenty

0:13:24.640 --> 0:13:27.400
<v Speaker 2>eighteen for Tesla all over again? When you know, describing

0:13:27.440 --> 0:13:29.760
<v Speaker 2>production Hell sleeping on the floor of the factory? Is it?

0:13:29.880 --> 0:13:30.880
<v Speaker 2>Is it that Elon Musk?

0:13:31.880 --> 0:13:34.240
<v Speaker 5>It's a little bit. It's like we're in interest rate.

0:13:34.240 --> 0:13:40.360
<v Speaker 5>I guess we're in interest rate Hell. And yeah, I

0:13:40.440 --> 0:13:43.240
<v Speaker 5>mean I think anytime a company brings forth a new

0:13:43.320 --> 0:13:47.800
<v Speaker 5>vehicle program, there it's tricky. It was just interesting because

0:13:48.240 --> 0:13:50.400
<v Speaker 5>he did kind of allude to the fact that like

0:13:51.720 --> 0:13:53.720
<v Speaker 5>getting the cyber truck out in high volume is going

0:13:53.760 --> 0:13:56.120
<v Speaker 5>to be is going to be hard, and like, you know,

0:13:56.320 --> 0:13:58.760
<v Speaker 5>you would think that Tesla would have learned these lessons

0:13:58.760 --> 0:14:01.160
<v Speaker 5>over time, but yeah, this is like a whole new

0:14:01.240 --> 0:14:03.640
<v Speaker 5>vehicle he said, He's like, oh, the cyber truck has

0:14:03.679 --> 0:14:07.280
<v Speaker 5>a lot of bells and whistles, and it's like, well, geez,

0:14:07.320 --> 0:14:09.480
<v Speaker 5>like do they need all the bells and whistles? Like

0:14:09.480 --> 0:14:11.560
<v Speaker 5>what I would love to know, Like what exactly is

0:14:11.600 --> 0:14:13.720
<v Speaker 5>so hard about this truck? Like he kept saying on

0:14:13.760 --> 0:14:15.640
<v Speaker 5>the call Us last night that they dug their own

0:14:15.720 --> 0:14:17.480
<v Speaker 5>grave with it, but like why.

0:14:18.240 --> 0:14:20.400
<v Speaker 2>Kevin Tynan on our Area yesterday Dana made the point

0:14:20.400 --> 0:14:22.360
<v Speaker 2>that it's it's you know, every other card that they've

0:14:22.360 --> 0:14:25.400
<v Speaker 2>built has sort of been based on the same what's

0:14:25.440 --> 0:14:27.320
<v Speaker 2>the It's not the same is it the same chassis,

0:14:27.320 --> 0:14:29.400
<v Speaker 2>it's the same platform as how he described it, And

0:14:29.560 --> 0:14:33.240
<v Speaker 2>this is like so risky starting something completely from scratch,

0:14:33.280 --> 0:14:35.400
<v Speaker 2>building it out of what is it? Stainless steel? I

0:14:35.400 --> 0:14:39.560
<v Speaker 2>mean stainless steeliaah yah, it's a big risk for the company.

0:14:40.440 --> 0:14:42.880
<v Speaker 5>I did see one, so like they do exist, Like

0:14:42.920 --> 0:14:45.440
<v Speaker 5>I actually saw one, like driving in my Oakland neighborhood

0:14:45.440 --> 0:14:47.240
<v Speaker 5>while I was like walking to Trader Joe's and it

0:14:47.280 --> 0:14:48.280
<v Speaker 5>went by, like you're.

0:14:48.160 --> 0:14:51.080
<v Speaker 2>Being followed by Tesla Janna.

0:14:51.520 --> 0:14:53.280
<v Speaker 5>I couldn't get a close look, but I was like, oh,

0:14:53.320 --> 0:14:56.160
<v Speaker 5>there's a cyber truck. Look at that and so like

0:14:56.200 --> 0:14:59.040
<v Speaker 5>they do exist, but yeah, like it is risky, and

0:15:00.160 --> 0:15:02.480
<v Speaker 5>I think a lot of the things that Tesla has done,

0:15:02.680 --> 0:15:05.640
<v Speaker 5>like they announced this new plant in Mexico, and he

0:15:05.720 --> 0:15:08.480
<v Speaker 5>also kind of slow walks the plant like they're they're gonna,

0:15:08.840 --> 0:15:10.680
<v Speaker 5>I mean, they're still gonna do it, but they're not

0:15:10.720 --> 0:15:13.160
<v Speaker 5>gonna they might not like construct it as fast as

0:15:13.200 --> 0:15:14.120
<v Speaker 5>the originally planned.

0:15:14.120 --> 0:15:15.640
<v Speaker 6>Like they just you know, they're.

0:15:15.480 --> 0:15:19.040
<v Speaker 5>Just he's he's worried, like he's you know, to his credit,

0:15:19.640 --> 0:15:22.640
<v Speaker 5>he's like the longest serving automotive CEO right now. Right

0:15:22.720 --> 0:15:26.000
<v Speaker 5>he has been the CEO of Tesla since two thousand

0:15:26.040 --> 0:15:29.280
<v Speaker 5>and eight, so he has been through these economic cycles

0:15:29.360 --> 0:15:31.480
<v Speaker 5>and I think he's pretty astute to them. I Mean,

0:15:31.480 --> 0:15:34.320
<v Speaker 5>he was also warning like commercial real estate is gonna

0:15:35.040 --> 0:15:37.840
<v Speaker 5>you know, there's more shoes to drop with commercial real estate,

0:15:37.880 --> 0:15:40.400
<v Speaker 5>and he was talking about credit like he's he he

0:15:40.520 --> 0:15:42.120
<v Speaker 5>was like it was interesting to hear him kind of

0:15:42.120 --> 0:15:46.560
<v Speaker 5>expound on economics. But like the yeah, the more he talks,

0:15:46.560 --> 0:15:48.640
<v Speaker 5>the more the stock tanks. And then you're really seeing

0:15:48.680 --> 0:15:49.560
<v Speaker 5>that sell off today.

0:15:49.680 --> 0:15:52.000
<v Speaker 3>As someone who covers this company and the twists and

0:15:52.040 --> 0:15:54.680
<v Speaker 3>turns of all things that are Tesla and Elon Musk.

0:15:54.720 --> 0:15:57.080
<v Speaker 3>I do wonder he's gone through different periods. Is this

0:15:57.200 --> 0:16:00.640
<v Speaker 3>just another different period or something different? You think in

0:16:00.680 --> 0:16:02.960
<v Speaker 3>the life cycle of this company.

0:16:03.840 --> 0:16:08.400
<v Speaker 5>It's a little bit different in that, you know, he

0:16:08.520 --> 0:16:11.120
<v Speaker 5>has not had to manage a kind of high interest

0:16:11.160 --> 0:16:14.320
<v Speaker 5>rate environment for quite as long as they are managing

0:16:14.320 --> 0:16:18.000
<v Speaker 5>in that. Now, consumers do have other options when it

0:16:18.000 --> 0:16:19.760
<v Speaker 5>comes to evs. I mean, for a long time, we

0:16:19.840 --> 0:16:22.280
<v Speaker 5>kept hearing that the competition is coming. You know, the

0:16:22.320 --> 0:16:25.320
<v Speaker 5>competition is not that robust. I mean, the competitors are

0:16:25.400 --> 0:16:28.760
<v Speaker 5>still selling in pretty small volumes, but there are choices.

0:16:28.840 --> 0:16:30.760
<v Speaker 5>And then, frankly, I think the big elephant in the

0:16:30.840 --> 0:16:34.080
<v Speaker 5>room is that Elon Musk bought Twitter. That is an

0:16:34.120 --> 0:16:37.640
<v Speaker 5>albatross around him. Eat, He's got this huge debt payment

0:16:37.720 --> 0:16:41.880
<v Speaker 5>and his buying of Twitter and his sort of public

0:16:41.960 --> 0:16:45.760
<v Speaker 5>persona as this media mogul has turned off some of

0:16:45.760 --> 0:16:48.520
<v Speaker 5>his most like loyal consumers. Like, we live in a

0:16:48.520 --> 0:16:51.400
<v Speaker 5>polarized country and people like used to think that Elon

0:16:51.600 --> 0:16:54.880
<v Speaker 5>was like this like clean tech democrat, and now they

0:16:54.920 --> 0:16:57.800
<v Speaker 5>think that he's this like right wing guy. And you know,

0:16:57.880 --> 0:17:01.440
<v Speaker 5>I have no hard data on how that yeah, digging

0:17:01.440 --> 0:17:03.840
<v Speaker 5>into demand, but like, yeah, but there are definitely people

0:17:03.840 --> 0:17:05.639
<v Speaker 5>that are like for political reasons. I'm never going to

0:17:05.680 --> 0:17:07.080
<v Speaker 5>buy a car from this guy because I hate what

0:17:07.119 --> 0:17:07.840
<v Speaker 5>he's on Twitter.

0:17:08.440 --> 0:17:10.879
<v Speaker 3>He's you know, he's controversial. You either like him or

0:17:10.920 --> 0:17:11.160
<v Speaker 3>you don't.

0:17:11.200 --> 0:17:15.800
<v Speaker 2>Should have known what that's you know that that would spread.

0:17:15.840 --> 0:17:16.440
<v Speaker 2>He should have known.

0:17:16.640 --> 0:17:19.920
<v Speaker 3>Dnah Hall, so appreciate it, Senior technology reporter for Bloomberg News.

0:17:19.960 --> 0:17:22.800
<v Speaker 3>You know his slump elon his fortune also slump.

0:17:22.840 --> 0:17:28.840
<v Speaker 1>Today you're listening to the Bloomberg Business Week podcast. Catch

0:17:28.920 --> 0:17:32.080
<v Speaker 1>us live weekday afternoons from three to six Easter on

0:17:32.200 --> 0:17:35.960
<v Speaker 1>Bloomberg Radio, the Bloomberg Business app, and YouTube. You can

0:17:35.960 --> 0:17:39.199
<v Speaker 1>also listen live on Amazon Alexa from our flagship New

0:17:39.280 --> 0:17:51.840
<v Speaker 1>York station, Just say Alexa play Bloomberg eleven thirty.

0:17:52.520 --> 0:17:54.200
<v Speaker 3>I wonder if could play Abba in the halls of

0:17:54.240 --> 0:17:56.760
<v Speaker 3>the Federal Reserve. What do you think?

0:17:56.800 --> 0:17:58.480
<v Speaker 2>Good choice? Paul Brannan for this.

0:17:58.680 --> 0:18:02.520
<v Speaker 3>Song money, Money, Hey, what's the most important price in

0:18:02.560 --> 0:18:03.440
<v Speaker 3>the global economy?

0:18:03.480 --> 0:18:03.760
<v Speaker 1>Well?

0:18:03.920 --> 0:18:05.760
<v Speaker 3>Is it the price of a barrel of crud? A microchip,

0:18:05.840 --> 0:18:06.480
<v Speaker 3>or maybe a big mass?

0:18:06.560 --> 0:18:07.160
<v Speaker 2>I think a big mac?

0:18:07.240 --> 0:18:07.400
<v Speaker 1>Am?

0:18:07.400 --> 0:18:09.600
<v Speaker 2>I right, is a big mac? Is it a big mac?

0:18:09.760 --> 0:18:12.280
<v Speaker 3>I don't know? No, Considering that song.

0:18:12.840 --> 0:18:14.439
<v Speaker 2>I think more important than the price of any of

0:18:14.440 --> 0:18:17.320
<v Speaker 2>those things, Carol, is actually the price of money. For

0:18:17.359 --> 0:18:19.960
<v Speaker 2>more than three decades, it was falling in now it's

0:18:20.000 --> 0:18:22.000
<v Speaker 2>going up. Just look at what the tenure Treasury you'll

0:18:22.119 --> 0:18:24.359
<v Speaker 2>did today came within a Harris breadth of five percent

0:18:24.720 --> 0:18:27.200
<v Speaker 2>at the highest in two thousand and seven. That has

0:18:27.240 --> 0:18:30.320
<v Speaker 2>pulled up the cost of mortgages, corporate loans and more.

0:18:30.560 --> 0:18:32.679
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, it's a different cost of money, that's for sure.

0:18:33.800 --> 0:18:36.800
<v Speaker 3>And so we get into this because he writes about

0:18:36.800 --> 0:18:39.280
<v Speaker 3>this Tom Orlick and Company in the new issue of

0:18:39.280 --> 0:18:42.320
<v Speaker 3>Bloomberg BusinessWeek, which is on newsstands already online at Bloomberg

0:18:42.320 --> 0:18:44.760
<v Speaker 3>dot com, Slash BusinessWeek, and of course on the Bloomberg terminal. Tom,

0:18:44.800 --> 0:18:48.280
<v Speaker 3>by the way, joining us on the phone from Washington, DC.

0:18:48.480 --> 0:18:52.480
<v Speaker 3>He is chief economist for Bloomberg Economics. So good to

0:18:52.520 --> 0:18:54.800
<v Speaker 3>have you here, Tom. The price of money is going up.

0:18:54.920 --> 0:18:59.359
<v Speaker 3>It does feel like a very very different paradigm. Let's

0:18:59.400 --> 0:19:02.440
<v Speaker 3>go back for the last ten years or so, money

0:19:02.480 --> 0:19:05.280
<v Speaker 3>didn't cost us anything, did it, or it felt like

0:19:05.280 --> 0:19:05.720
<v Speaker 3>it didn't.

0:19:07.240 --> 0:19:10.320
<v Speaker 6>It's really interesting, Carol, And we just heard all the

0:19:10.400 --> 0:19:15.640
<v Speaker 6>news from Powell's speech and his conversation with Bloomberg, Dave Western,

0:19:16.560 --> 0:19:20.120
<v Speaker 6>and of course day to day it's the Federal Reserve

0:19:20.200 --> 0:19:23.040
<v Speaker 6>who are calling the shots on the interest rate and

0:19:23.160 --> 0:19:28.160
<v Speaker 6>driving government bond yields. But there's also something more fundamental

0:19:28.240 --> 0:19:31.440
<v Speaker 6>going on. The price of money, like the price of

0:19:31.480 --> 0:19:34.560
<v Speaker 6>the semiconductor, like the price for big mac, is set

0:19:34.640 --> 0:19:39.040
<v Speaker 6>by the balance of supply and demand, supply of saving

0:19:39.480 --> 0:19:42.879
<v Speaker 6>and demand for investment. And for much of the last

0:19:42.920 --> 0:19:47.280
<v Speaker 6>thirty years, a huge driver of global interest rates and

0:19:47.320 --> 0:19:50.080
<v Speaker 6>interest rates in the US has been that the supply

0:19:50.240 --> 0:19:53.800
<v Speaker 6>of saving has been going up, baby boomers putting away

0:19:53.840 --> 0:19:57.199
<v Speaker 6>money for retirement, China saving money and investing it in

0:19:57.280 --> 0:20:01.359
<v Speaker 6>US treasuries, and investment has not been that strong, and

0:20:01.400 --> 0:20:04.120
<v Speaker 6>that's one of the reasons you've had this long term

0:20:04.320 --> 0:20:07.760
<v Speaker 6>down trend in interest rates. So what we do in

0:20:07.760 --> 0:20:10.560
<v Speaker 6>this piece today running in Business Week, is we take

0:20:10.600 --> 0:20:12.919
<v Speaker 6>a look at those drivers. And what we find is,

0:20:13.200 --> 0:20:16.439
<v Speaker 6>you know what, that trend, which has been dragging interest

0:20:16.520 --> 0:20:19.480
<v Speaker 6>rates down for the last three decades, seems to have

0:20:19.520 --> 0:20:22.840
<v Speaker 6>come to an end. We're already seeing that with the

0:20:22.960 --> 0:20:26.080
<v Speaker 6>ten year yield now pushing close to five percent. And

0:20:26.119 --> 0:20:28.880
<v Speaker 6>the case we make is that the drivers of higher

0:20:28.960 --> 0:20:31.919
<v Speaker 6>borrowing costs. The drivers of a higher price of money,

0:20:32.080 --> 0:20:34.679
<v Speaker 6>they're actually going to stay in place in the years,

0:20:34.720 --> 0:20:35.959
<v Speaker 6>even in the decades ahead.

0:20:36.119 --> 0:20:41.320
<v Speaker 2>Okay, So take us through what some of those drivers are, Tom.

0:20:40.400 --> 0:20:44.080
<v Speaker 6>So, if we think about what's been dragging interest rates

0:20:44.119 --> 0:20:48.359
<v Speaker 6>down over the last few decades, Well, the supply of

0:20:48.440 --> 0:20:52.120
<v Speaker 6>saving was going up. You had the Baby Boom generation

0:20:52.280 --> 0:20:56.800
<v Speaker 6>putting away money for retirement. You had China saving money

0:20:56.920 --> 0:21:01.359
<v Speaker 6>and pumping it into US treasury. And because growth in

0:21:01.400 --> 0:21:05.840
<v Speaker 6>the economy was trending down, well, the incentive to invest

0:21:06.480 --> 0:21:10.320
<v Speaker 6>wasn't really so strong. So he had more saving, more

0:21:10.320 --> 0:21:14.840
<v Speaker 6>supply of money, less investment demand, and the net impact

0:21:15.160 --> 0:21:16.640
<v Speaker 6>was to drag interest rates down.

0:21:18.720 --> 0:21:23.840
<v Speaker 3>Okay, And so obviously a different environment. And you know,

0:21:23.920 --> 0:21:27.280
<v Speaker 3>talk to us then about why, you know, because I

0:21:27.280 --> 0:21:30.320
<v Speaker 3>think about J. Powell today and I feel like fed speakers,

0:21:30.400 --> 0:21:33.960
<v Speaker 3>you know, constantly remind us higher for longer. What is

0:21:34.000 --> 0:21:38.640
<v Speaker 3>the changing dynamics paradigm that really speaks to a very

0:21:38.640 --> 0:21:42.639
<v Speaker 3>different interest rate environment and cost of money going forward?

0:21:42.680 --> 0:21:46.720
<v Speaker 3>And is it, tom Moore, normal where we're going right?

0:21:46.760 --> 0:21:50.520
<v Speaker 3>We consistently, I feel like, talk about remind everybody when

0:21:50.760 --> 0:21:54.480
<v Speaker 3>money costs nothing. That was the unusual part but helped

0:21:54.480 --> 0:21:56.359
<v Speaker 3>me out and make some clarity about whether or not

0:21:56.440 --> 0:21:59.040
<v Speaker 3>that's the case, and are we just getting back more

0:21:59.080 --> 0:21:59.720
<v Speaker 3>to normal.

0:22:00.960 --> 0:22:04.600
<v Speaker 6>So short term, Carol, it's all eyes on the FED,

0:22:04.880 --> 0:22:07.280
<v Speaker 6>all eyes on whether there's another rate hike or not.

0:22:08.160 --> 0:22:11.600
<v Speaker 6>But at a more fundamental level, there's also some structural

0:22:11.680 --> 0:22:14.520
<v Speaker 6>forces which are going to be keeping interest rates high

0:22:14.600 --> 0:22:19.040
<v Speaker 6>in the long term. Think about the wide wide deficit

0:22:19.880 --> 0:22:23.600
<v Speaker 6>in the US government finances, all of that government borrowing.

0:22:24.600 --> 0:22:29.560
<v Speaker 6>Think about how China has stopped pumping money into US treasury.

0:22:30.520 --> 0:22:34.080
<v Speaker 6>Think about how the Baby Boom generation of now retired

0:22:34.160 --> 0:22:38.119
<v Speaker 6>they've stopped saving, their spending down their savings. Think about

0:22:38.160 --> 0:22:42.560
<v Speaker 6>climate change and the thirty trillion dollars which our colleagues

0:22:42.640 --> 0:22:45.480
<v Speaker 6>at Bloomberg any app say is going to be required

0:22:45.520 --> 0:22:48.480
<v Speaker 6>to get to the net zero transition. If you put

0:22:48.480 --> 0:22:51.280
<v Speaker 6>all of those things together, you've got a picture of

0:22:51.359 --> 0:22:56.080
<v Speaker 6>saving coming down, investment coming up. And if we think

0:22:56.119 --> 0:22:58.439
<v Speaker 6>of it further out, if we think beyond Powell and

0:22:58.480 --> 0:23:02.320
<v Speaker 6>the next bed move, it's those forces which we think

0:23:02.359 --> 0:23:05.399
<v Speaker 6>are going to be keeping interest rates high into the

0:23:05.440 --> 0:23:06.680
<v Speaker 6>medium term.

0:23:06.920 --> 0:23:08.920
<v Speaker 3>All right, So I'm going to tell you I consider

0:23:08.960 --> 0:23:10.920
<v Speaker 3>Tim and I fairly smart.

0:23:11.480 --> 0:23:14.080
<v Speaker 2>Fairly sometimes, but we've been talking about your own stuff.

0:23:14.359 --> 0:23:15.840
<v Speaker 3>We've been talking about your story a lot, and like

0:23:16.160 --> 0:23:21.160
<v Speaker 3>trying to understand this concept of Okay, savings down, investment up.

0:23:21.280 --> 0:23:24.160
<v Speaker 3>That means money costs more. Can you just just.

0:23:24.240 --> 0:23:26.120
<v Speaker 2>I know you've talked to us like we're I don't

0:23:26.160 --> 0:23:29.160
<v Speaker 2>want to say, five thirteen years old.

0:23:30.480 --> 0:23:37.120
<v Speaker 6>So think about it like this, if you the interest

0:23:37.200 --> 0:23:41.720
<v Speaker 6>rate is a reflection of the supply and the demand

0:23:42.440 --> 0:23:47.159
<v Speaker 6>for money. Now, the Fed can manipulate that in the

0:23:47.200 --> 0:23:51.199
<v Speaker 6>short term by setting the federal funds rate at a

0:23:51.200 --> 0:23:57.080
<v Speaker 6>certain level through quantitative easing, but there's also all of

0:23:57.080 --> 0:24:01.439
<v Speaker 6>these huge macro forces which are determined how much people

0:24:01.520 --> 0:24:06.280
<v Speaker 6>save and how much people and businesses invest. Right, think

0:24:06.280 --> 0:24:10.679
<v Speaker 6>about demographics. If the population is young, they're going to

0:24:10.720 --> 0:24:14.639
<v Speaker 6>be saving for retirement. If you've got an older population,

0:24:15.040 --> 0:24:18.600
<v Speaker 6>well they've already retired. They're not saving anymore. They're spending

0:24:18.640 --> 0:24:22.879
<v Speaker 6>down their savings. Think about the business sector. If the

0:24:22.920 --> 0:24:26.920
<v Speaker 6>economy's humming, they're going to think investment means more profits.

0:24:27.320 --> 0:24:30.440
<v Speaker 6>I'm going to invest more for tomorrow. If the economy

0:24:30.480 --> 0:24:34.439
<v Speaker 6>is sluggish, well the incentive to invest isn't there. So

0:24:34.560 --> 0:24:37.119
<v Speaker 6>what we try and wrap our heads around in this

0:24:37.280 --> 0:24:41.320
<v Speaker 6>Business Week piece, and it I mean, it's certainly not

0:24:41.480 --> 0:24:44.439
<v Speaker 6>beyond the great minds of Caroll and Tim, but it

0:24:44.480 --> 0:24:49.720
<v Speaker 6>is conceptually a bit tricky structural forces. What are those

0:24:49.760 --> 0:24:54.320
<v Speaker 6>big structural forces driving saving, driving investment? And when we

0:24:54.400 --> 0:24:56.680
<v Speaker 6>pull those numbers together, what we see is this big

0:24:56.720 --> 0:25:00.520
<v Speaker 6>transition from a world of a lot of saving and

0:25:00.640 --> 0:25:04.160
<v Speaker 6>not much investment, the world which was dragging interest rates

0:25:04.200 --> 0:25:07.080
<v Speaker 6>down over the last thirty years, to a world in

0:25:07.119 --> 0:25:11.760
<v Speaker 6>the future where there's less saving, more investment, and interest

0:25:11.840 --> 0:25:15.280
<v Speaker 6>rates go up. And all that means for equities, for

0:25:15.400 --> 0:25:18.320
<v Speaker 6>real estate, and of course the big one for the

0:25:18.359 --> 0:25:21.240
<v Speaker 6>cost of servicing the US government debt.

0:25:21.560 --> 0:25:25.639
<v Speaker 3>Tom, I wonder, as you guys do this and write

0:25:25.640 --> 0:25:28.240
<v Speaker 3>it out in this story that's in BusinessWeek, but could

0:25:28.240 --> 0:25:31.600
<v Speaker 3>something change that? And I think about all those years

0:25:31.600 --> 0:25:35.120
<v Speaker 3>that Greenspan talked about how productive we were, and could

0:25:35.160 --> 0:25:38.359
<v Speaker 3>a higher level of productivity, could higher growth rates kind

0:25:38.400 --> 0:25:39.920
<v Speaker 3>of change your thinking about this?

0:25:40.920 --> 0:25:45.520
<v Speaker 6>And there's a lot of uncertainties here, Carol, So I mean,

0:25:45.600 --> 0:25:47.920
<v Speaker 6>let's just talk about a couple of them. Let's talk

0:25:47.920 --> 0:25:53.000
<v Speaker 6>about the productivity question which you raise. So if we

0:25:53.080 --> 0:25:57.639
<v Speaker 6>go into a world where AI is driving huge gains

0:25:57.680 --> 0:26:00.920
<v Speaker 6>in productivity and huge growth in the econom me well,

0:26:01.920 --> 0:26:04.359
<v Speaker 6>if growth is booming, people are going to want to

0:26:04.440 --> 0:26:07.560
<v Speaker 6>invest to get a piece of the profits from that growth.

0:26:08.480 --> 0:26:11.160
<v Speaker 6>That's going to push investment higher. That would be something

0:26:11.160 --> 0:26:14.920
<v Speaker 6>which pushed interest rates higher. Think about the climate change

0:26:14.960 --> 0:26:18.840
<v Speaker 6>piece of it. Our colleagues at Bloomberg Nies say thirty

0:26:18.960 --> 0:26:24.040
<v Speaker 6>trillion dollars required to get to net zero on carbon emissions.

0:26:24.320 --> 0:26:27.160
<v Speaker 6>Is the world going to deliver that thirty trillion in

0:26:27.160 --> 0:26:30.800
<v Speaker 6>investment or are we going to keep kicking that can

0:26:30.920 --> 0:26:34.400
<v Speaker 6>down the road. So there's a lot of big questions

0:26:34.440 --> 0:26:36.560
<v Speaker 6>about how the future is going to shape out. But

0:26:36.600 --> 0:26:40.560
<v Speaker 6>when we think about the base case for demographics, for productivity,

0:26:41.040 --> 0:26:44.320
<v Speaker 6>for the response to climate change, where the place we

0:26:44.440 --> 0:26:47.800
<v Speaker 6>come out is that the period of falling interest rates

0:26:47.840 --> 0:26:51.960
<v Speaker 6>is over and really, no matter what how and the

0:26:52.000 --> 0:26:54.680
<v Speaker 6>team do at the next meeting, in the meeting after that,

0:26:55.040 --> 0:26:57.919
<v Speaker 6>we're moving into a world of higher interest rates in

0:26:57.920 --> 0:26:58.600
<v Speaker 6>the years ahead.

0:26:58.760 --> 0:27:00.760
<v Speaker 3>So I'm going to go back to history and I've

0:27:00.800 --> 0:27:05.360
<v Speaker 3>worked with colleagues who talked about paying mortgage rates of fifteen, sixteen,

0:27:05.480 --> 0:27:10.879
<v Speaker 3>seventeen percent. Is this more logical though? The environment and

0:27:11.080 --> 0:27:14.679
<v Speaker 3>just feels uncomfortable because we all got really comfy, you know,

0:27:14.760 --> 0:27:16.120
<v Speaker 3>where money was essentially free.

0:27:16.160 --> 0:27:20.880
<v Speaker 6>It felt like, yeah, I mean, it's not better or worse, right,

0:27:21.880 --> 0:27:25.439
<v Speaker 6>it just changes the pattern of winners and losers in

0:27:25.480 --> 0:27:26.200
<v Speaker 6>the economy.

0:27:26.640 --> 0:27:26.840
<v Speaker 1>Right.

0:27:28.200 --> 0:27:33.200
<v Speaker 6>Let's say that you are someone who owns a house

0:27:33.720 --> 0:27:36.760
<v Speaker 6>and owns stocks, and you're painting on the value of

0:27:36.800 --> 0:27:40.119
<v Speaker 6>your house and the value of your equities as something

0:27:40.160 --> 0:27:44.639
<v Speaker 6>which is going to reduce your income in retirement. Well,

0:27:45.080 --> 0:27:48.400
<v Speaker 6>if we're moving into a high interest rate world, what

0:27:48.440 --> 0:27:51.840
<v Speaker 6>that means is actually the pressure on real estate prices,

0:27:52.160 --> 0:27:54.760
<v Speaker 6>the pressure on stock prices is going to be to

0:27:54.800 --> 0:27:58.639
<v Speaker 6>come down. And so perhaps people who've been counting on

0:27:58.680 --> 0:28:02.600
<v Speaker 6>that for a one k equity market investments and those

0:28:02.640 --> 0:28:06.840
<v Speaker 6>steadily gaining in value to finance their retirement, well, perhaps

0:28:06.840 --> 0:28:08.879
<v Speaker 6>that's not going to be there the way that they

0:28:08.880 --> 0:28:09.479
<v Speaker 6>thought it was.

0:28:09.600 --> 0:28:12.040
<v Speaker 2>But stock still moved higher in high interest rates and

0:28:12.200 --> 0:28:15.120
<v Speaker 2>grate environments. Historically, maybe we didn't see what they did,

0:28:15.160 --> 0:28:16.520
<v Speaker 2>and you know the S and P five hundred did

0:28:16.560 --> 0:28:20.000
<v Speaker 2>over the last ten years. But I do think Tom,

0:28:20.119 --> 0:28:23.200
<v Speaker 2>you know this is not We're not in uncharted territory here, right.

0:28:24.480 --> 0:28:28.679
<v Speaker 6>So we are not moving into a world where interest

0:28:28.760 --> 0:28:31.480
<v Speaker 6>rates are going to be higher than they've ever been before.

0:28:32.400 --> 0:28:35.640
<v Speaker 6>We're moving into a world where the trajectory of interest

0:28:35.720 --> 0:28:41.280
<v Speaker 6>rates is going from falling to rising. And interest rates, well,

0:28:41.480 --> 0:28:46.040
<v Speaker 6>interest rates your kind of your opportunity cost of investing

0:28:46.080 --> 0:28:50.160
<v Speaker 6>in equity. They your opportunity cost of investing in real estate.

0:28:50.600 --> 0:28:54.840
<v Speaker 6>So interst rates go higher, Well, the opportunity cost of

0:28:54.880 --> 0:28:57.400
<v Speaker 6>putting your money in equities putting your money in real

0:28:57.480 --> 0:29:00.920
<v Speaker 6>estate goes up. And what that means is, on balance,

0:29:01.240 --> 0:29:04.480
<v Speaker 6>you'd expect more downward pressure on those asset prices.

0:29:05.240 --> 0:29:06.920
<v Speaker 3>Well, I think about this whole idea of like when

0:29:06.920 --> 0:29:09.000
<v Speaker 3>the tide goes out, right, you do wonder the longer

0:29:09.360 --> 0:29:13.760
<v Speaker 3>this sticks around, whether it's real estate, whether it's corporate ZOM,

0:29:13.880 --> 0:29:16.840
<v Speaker 3>you know, companies that just shouldn't exist. It was interesting

0:29:16.880 --> 0:29:19.680
<v Speaker 3>to hear Elon Musk on the call talks so much

0:29:19.680 --> 0:29:22.200
<v Speaker 3>about interest rates, and you know, we cut up with

0:29:22.200 --> 0:29:24.440
<v Speaker 3>our reporter down a hall and just this whole concept

0:29:24.440 --> 0:29:27.040
<v Speaker 3>of you know, Tesla's been a company that has benefited

0:29:27.320 --> 0:29:31.360
<v Speaker 3>in this low rate environment. Like it's a different environment.

0:29:31.520 --> 0:29:33.800
<v Speaker 3>Whether you're a leader of a company, whether you're investor,

0:29:34.560 --> 0:29:38.320
<v Speaker 3>you're going to look at things right, bottom line Tom differently,

0:29:38.520 --> 0:29:40.840
<v Speaker 3>and you're going to have to reassess valuations and so on.

0:29:41.960 --> 0:29:44.320
<v Speaker 6>So I think that's completely right, Carol. I mean, in

0:29:44.360 --> 0:29:48.000
<v Speaker 6>a world where money is free, you can build castles

0:29:48.040 --> 0:29:50.880
<v Speaker 6>in the air, right. You can have a dream that

0:29:50.920 --> 0:29:53.520
<v Speaker 6>you're going to build an electric vehicle which isn't going

0:29:53.560 --> 0:29:56.040
<v Speaker 6>to make profits for ten years time or twenty years time,

0:29:56.680 --> 0:29:58.160
<v Speaker 6>and in twenty years time it's going to deliver a

0:29:58.240 --> 0:30:01.600
<v Speaker 6>huge profit. And you can find out and that project

0:30:01.680 --> 0:30:04.840
<v Speaker 6>because money is free, right, And in a world where

0:30:04.880 --> 0:30:09.520
<v Speaker 6>money is expensive, that becomes harder. So perhaps some of

0:30:09.560 --> 0:30:13.080
<v Speaker 6>those kind of Silicon Valley projects become harder to deliver.

0:30:14.600 --> 0:30:16.800
<v Speaker 6>On the other side of it, well, in a world

0:30:16.800 --> 0:30:22.520
<v Speaker 6>where money is free, bitcoin looks like a really good idea,

0:30:22.600 --> 0:30:24.960
<v Speaker 6>Crypto looks like a really good idea, right, and you

0:30:25.040 --> 0:30:26.800
<v Speaker 6>have kind of speculative frenzies.

0:30:27.360 --> 0:30:27.520
<v Speaker 1>Right.

0:30:28.200 --> 0:30:31.520
<v Speaker 6>In a world where money is expensive, well, maybe people

0:30:31.520 --> 0:30:34.840
<v Speaker 6>think a bit harder before piling into these bubbles, and

0:30:34.880 --> 0:30:37.600
<v Speaker 6>maybe you have financial markets which are a bit less

0:30:37.600 --> 0:30:38.520
<v Speaker 6>bubble prone.

0:30:39.680 --> 0:30:44.160
<v Speaker 3>Six percent not unrealistic. Thirty seconds left, Tom on that tenure.

0:30:44.320 --> 0:30:47.160
<v Speaker 6>So it's one of the things that we consider, Carol.

0:30:47.440 --> 0:30:52.040
<v Speaker 6>So let's think about a world where US deficits remain wide,

0:30:52.080 --> 0:30:55.080
<v Speaker 6>the government's still borrowing. Let's think about a world where

0:30:55.080 --> 0:30:58.000
<v Speaker 6>we get serious about climate change and invest the money

0:30:58.040 --> 0:31:01.480
<v Speaker 6>we need to get to net zero emission. That's where

0:31:01.520 --> 0:31:04.560
<v Speaker 6>you can start seeing that six percent ten year treasury

0:31:04.640 --> 0:31:05.800
<v Speaker 6>yield in our model.

0:31:06.040 --> 0:31:08.360
<v Speaker 3>Well and to day where we listened so closely to

0:31:09.320 --> 0:31:11.400
<v Speaker 3>FED Chair J. Powell. I mean, this just kind of

0:31:11.400 --> 0:31:14.720
<v Speaker 3>fits into this dynamic higher for longer. We certainly got

0:31:14.720 --> 0:31:18.080
<v Speaker 3>that message, and this story plays so much into that. Tom.

0:31:18.080 --> 0:31:20.200
<v Speaker 3>Thank you so much, Really appreciate it. Tom more like

0:31:20.240 --> 0:31:23.400
<v Speaker 3>as chief economist at Bloomberg Economics. This story in the

0:31:23.440 --> 0:31:26.960
<v Speaker 3>current new issue of Bloomberg BusinessWeek on newstand newsstands now,

0:31:27.080 --> 0:31:30.240
<v Speaker 3>on the Bloomberg terminal, and online at Bloomberg dot com

0:31:30.240 --> 0:31:32.560
<v Speaker 3>slash BusinessWeek. You ready for high rates.

0:31:33.000 --> 0:31:34.520
<v Speaker 2>It doesn't matter if I'm ready or not. They're here.

0:31:34.640 --> 0:31:37.200
<v Speaker 3>They're here, We're all going to live in it. It

0:31:37.200 --> 0:31:38.880
<v Speaker 3>feels that way. This is Bloomberg.

0:31:40.160 --> 0:31:43.960
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0:31:44.240 --> 0:31:48.160
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0:31:48.240 --> 0:31:52.320
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0:31:52.360 --> 0:31:55.680
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0:31:55.720 --> 0:31:58.840
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0:31:58.920 --> 0:32:07.640
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