1 00:00:00,240 --> 00:00:27,360 Speaker 1: Ridiculous History is a production of I Heart Radio. Welcome 2 00:00:27,400 --> 00:00:31,480 Speaker 1: back to the show Ridiculous Historians. Thank you as always 3 00:00:31,560 --> 00:00:35,560 Speaker 1: for tuning in. Now you know that you know the 4 00:00:35,680 --> 00:00:40,280 Speaker 1: weird fans of travel, we're fans of adventure. Everyone should be, 5 00:00:40,720 --> 00:00:45,239 Speaker 1: and today we have a weird one that we We 6 00:00:45,400 --> 00:00:48,839 Speaker 1: did this in advance. Finally, we decided in advance that 7 00:00:48,960 --> 00:00:51,960 Speaker 1: this would be a two part episode. So kudos to 8 00:00:52,080 --> 00:00:54,480 Speaker 1: us for getting in front of that one high I'm 9 00:00:54,480 --> 00:00:57,840 Speaker 1: ben hey man. No, uh yeah, look, because it's it's 10 00:00:57,880 --> 00:01:01,160 Speaker 1: it's about a place, uh um, and the spirit of 11 00:01:01,160 --> 00:01:04,000 Speaker 1: that place and the way that place figures into things 12 00:01:04,080 --> 00:01:07,880 Speaker 1: like lore and and culture and history, and you know, 13 00:01:08,080 --> 00:01:11,040 Speaker 1: we we tend to bullet point things sometimes and try 14 00:01:11,080 --> 00:01:13,800 Speaker 1: to compress large topics in the short episodes. But we 15 00:01:13,880 --> 00:01:17,960 Speaker 1: felt like an entire land deserved two episodes at the 16 00:01:18,080 --> 00:01:20,960 Speaker 1: very least, if not a trilogy. But we haven't. We 17 00:01:21,040 --> 00:01:22,840 Speaker 1: were done a trilogy, band, we were gone that far. 18 00:01:23,560 --> 00:01:27,800 Speaker 1: We've done recurring series. No, we've done uh idiomatic for 19 00:01:27,840 --> 00:01:30,200 Speaker 1: the people. I still love that title. Um, I love 20 00:01:30,200 --> 00:01:32,280 Speaker 1: that title too. I guess that's technically a trilogy doesn't 21 00:01:32,280 --> 00:01:34,039 Speaker 1: have to go back to back to back, but then 22 00:01:34,160 --> 00:01:36,720 Speaker 1: it will eventually break the trilogy format. But what does it? 23 00:01:36,800 --> 00:01:41,800 Speaker 1: Quadrology quadrilogy? Yes, speaking of which we all know who 24 00:01:41,800 --> 00:01:46,960 Speaker 1: that is, that super producer Casey Pegram, super producer Casey 25 00:01:47,000 --> 00:01:52,800 Speaker 1: Pegram who has also has also been pitching us NonStop 26 00:01:52,920 --> 00:01:58,720 Speaker 1: on his own his own obscure trilogy. Oh, it's funny 27 00:01:58,720 --> 00:02:02,800 Speaker 1: because we're on zoom and it's much ben alright, alright, 28 00:02:02,960 --> 00:02:06,000 Speaker 1: is that the labush saga? I can either confirm nor 29 00:02:06,080 --> 00:02:09,400 Speaker 1: den I is it? Well? What's I'm sorry, guys, I 30 00:02:09,480 --> 00:02:11,800 Speaker 1: keep getting caught up in semantics here. What's the saga 31 00:02:11,960 --> 00:02:16,560 Speaker 1: versus a cycle? Or or? Yeah? Anybody cycles? Like what 32 00:02:16,720 --> 00:02:20,080 Speaker 1: five or seven or something? See, it doesn't matter, nobody 33 00:02:20,160 --> 00:02:23,400 Speaker 1: knows how many. What's the what's the ring cycle? That's 34 00:02:23,440 --> 00:02:25,840 Speaker 1: like five, right, the ring cycle the the opera by 35 00:02:25,960 --> 00:02:29,200 Speaker 1: Wagner Wagner. Yeah, yeah, I guess it is five O. 36 00:02:29,320 --> 00:02:34,119 Speaker 1: Saga doesn't have a um a numerical value assigned to it. 37 00:02:34,120 --> 00:02:38,760 Speaker 1: It's just a very long involved story. Like uh, like 38 00:02:38,840 --> 00:02:42,600 Speaker 1: I would say for many people here in Atlanta, Georgia, 39 00:02:43,080 --> 00:02:49,680 Speaker 1: voting in the primaries became a saga. Yeah that was 40 00:02:49,880 --> 00:02:55,440 Speaker 1: That's a sadly relevant example. But we have speaking of No, 41 00:02:55,760 --> 00:02:58,320 Speaker 1: I like where you're going with this. Maybe we have 42 00:02:58,480 --> 00:03:02,240 Speaker 1: a story about multiple saga's today. Thank you for giving 43 00:03:02,240 --> 00:03:03,760 Speaker 1: me the benefit of the doubt that I was going 44 00:03:03,800 --> 00:03:06,720 Speaker 1: anywhere with it and caveatting it with them, maybe because 45 00:03:06,760 --> 00:03:09,360 Speaker 1: you have to hedge yourself a little bit there and 46 00:03:09,400 --> 00:03:11,440 Speaker 1: real quick before we get too far along. I just 47 00:03:11,440 --> 00:03:14,639 Speaker 1: want to clear this up. The ring cycle is four parts. 48 00:03:14,680 --> 00:03:17,080 Speaker 1: It's four operas, not five like I said before. So 49 00:03:17,120 --> 00:03:20,000 Speaker 1: I don't want the hardcore Wagnerians out there to like 50 00:03:20,080 --> 00:03:22,640 Speaker 1: be yelling at me on their podcast player for the 51 00:03:22,639 --> 00:03:27,040 Speaker 1: rest of this episode. So yes, yes, the Vagnarians uh 52 00:03:27,200 --> 00:03:34,160 Speaker 1: notoriously rapid fan base. So so please accept our apologies. Um. So, 53 00:03:34,320 --> 00:03:37,640 Speaker 1: this is a travel story. This is one of the 54 00:03:37,680 --> 00:03:42,160 Speaker 1: perhaps most important travel stories in history. It's it's one 55 00:03:42,160 --> 00:03:46,040 Speaker 1: of the big ones. It's about a place, uh that 56 00:03:47,120 --> 00:03:50,720 Speaker 1: I almost got close to going to in person. We're 57 00:03:50,720 --> 00:03:54,640 Speaker 1: talking about the North Pole. Uh. There is right now, 58 00:03:55,800 --> 00:03:59,040 Speaker 1: or there was pre pandemic, a way for you to 59 00:03:59,240 --> 00:04:04,360 Speaker 1: buy passage on a Russian icebreaker which we're fascinating called 60 00:04:04,360 --> 00:04:09,320 Speaker 1: the fifty let Pobity, which means fifty years of victory, 61 00:04:09,480 --> 00:04:14,000 Speaker 1: and you can ride this ship up to the actual 62 00:04:14,200 --> 00:04:18,840 Speaker 1: facts North Pole. Um spoiler, I didn't go. But would 63 00:04:18,880 --> 00:04:20,719 Speaker 1: you guys ever go to the North Pole if you 64 00:04:20,760 --> 00:04:25,400 Speaker 1: have the chance? Yeah? Yeas so. I don't know, Like 65 00:04:25,800 --> 00:04:28,400 Speaker 1: I'm not really much of a snow guy, but it 66 00:04:28,440 --> 00:04:32,560 Speaker 1: sounds like there's some beautiful what glaciers and stuff. I'm 67 00:04:32,560 --> 00:04:36,039 Speaker 1: confusing the North Pole with Alaska. I shouldn't be doing 68 00:04:36,080 --> 00:04:38,719 Speaker 1: that since we're doing an episode right now where the 69 00:04:38,720 --> 00:04:41,440 Speaker 1: Northern Lights was in the North Pole. They're above the 70 00:04:41,480 --> 00:04:46,080 Speaker 1: Arctic Circle. Okay, I'd go for the lights, sure, how 71 00:04:46,120 --> 00:04:49,799 Speaker 1: about you, Casey. One of my favorite authors, William T. Vollman. 72 00:04:50,320 --> 00:04:53,200 Speaker 1: He is kind of a gonzo novelist. He likes to 73 00:04:53,200 --> 00:04:55,239 Speaker 1: go to real places and do a lot of research 74 00:04:55,279 --> 00:04:57,520 Speaker 1: before he writes about it. And so he was writing 75 00:04:57,560 --> 00:05:01,960 Speaker 1: this um like seven part series all about North America, 76 00:05:02,120 --> 00:05:04,000 Speaker 1: and on one of them, he went to the North 77 00:05:04,040 --> 00:05:07,159 Speaker 1: Pole by himself and nearly froze to death. It was 78 00:05:07,200 --> 00:05:09,760 Speaker 1: like way colder than he expected. He did not prepare well, 79 00:05:10,200 --> 00:05:12,880 Speaker 1: and he was up there stranded for like, I don't know, 80 00:05:12,920 --> 00:05:15,360 Speaker 1: two weeks or a month or something. Uh, And he 81 00:05:15,400 --> 00:05:18,000 Speaker 1: nearly died, but he made it back in he wrote 82 00:05:18,000 --> 00:05:20,320 Speaker 1: a cool book about it. So it all worked out 83 00:05:20,320 --> 00:05:22,200 Speaker 1: in the end. But me personally, I don't know if 84 00:05:22,240 --> 00:05:24,440 Speaker 1: I would go or not. I would probably go if 85 00:05:24,440 --> 00:05:27,040 Speaker 1: I had all the gear I needed in whatever. Why not? Yeah, 86 00:05:27,080 --> 00:05:29,200 Speaker 1: I don't know. Jerry still out for me, I guess. 87 00:05:29,240 --> 00:05:32,080 Speaker 1: But h W A. Forrester, who was an essayist and 88 00:05:32,320 --> 00:05:36,039 Speaker 1: a lawyer from Toronto, wrote a piece in eighteen sixty 89 00:05:36,120 --> 00:05:39,760 Speaker 1: nine for the Toronto Globe that UH really put the 90 00:05:39,800 --> 00:05:43,200 Speaker 1: North Pole in the context in terms of its kind 91 00:05:43,200 --> 00:05:46,080 Speaker 1: of mythological origins and the idea of the old Norse 92 00:05:46,160 --> 00:05:49,760 Speaker 1: gods and Thor and his hammers and all of that. Um. 93 00:05:49,839 --> 00:05:52,400 Speaker 1: And he says, in a quote from the piece, for 94 00:05:52,600 --> 00:05:56,039 Speaker 1: we are a Northern people as the true outcrop of 95 00:05:56,120 --> 00:05:59,920 Speaker 1: human nature, more manly, more real than the weak men 96 00:06:00,120 --> 00:06:05,119 Speaker 1: row bones superstition of an effeminate South. So he's talking 97 00:06:05,120 --> 00:06:08,520 Speaker 1: about how the North Pole is like the bastion of 98 00:06:08,720 --> 00:06:15,839 Speaker 1: manliness and resilience and just general hardcore and badassory uh 99 00:06:15,880 --> 00:06:19,560 Speaker 1: for the people of of humanity. Um. And largely it's 100 00:06:19,600 --> 00:06:24,280 Speaker 1: because it truly is such an inhospitable place, an absolute 101 00:06:24,480 --> 00:06:30,120 Speaker 1: frozen wasteland, uh, completely disconnected from any semblance of society, 102 00:06:30,160 --> 00:06:32,840 Speaker 1: like the writer you mentioned case, he found out to 103 00:06:33,240 --> 00:06:36,440 Speaker 1: nearly his own demise. So it does have this kind 104 00:06:36,440 --> 00:06:42,080 Speaker 1: of mythical um place in everything from fiction to pop 105 00:06:42,120 --> 00:06:45,920 Speaker 1: culture to of course things like map making and science, 106 00:06:46,000 --> 00:06:51,480 Speaker 1: because it is the very definition of an extreme greed. 107 00:06:51,640 --> 00:06:54,520 Speaker 1: And I think that's an interesting point here, Noel, because 108 00:06:55,200 --> 00:06:57,080 Speaker 1: when you think about it, the North Pole is a 109 00:06:57,120 --> 00:07:01,440 Speaker 1: place everybody knows about, but very few people ever visit 110 00:07:01,560 --> 00:07:05,320 Speaker 1: for all the all the reasons we we just mentioned, uh, 111 00:07:05,360 --> 00:07:10,480 Speaker 1: and it is and remains a very dangerous place. This 112 00:07:10,640 --> 00:07:15,160 Speaker 1: is part of why there is such deep, rich mythology 113 00:07:15,440 --> 00:07:19,760 Speaker 1: surrounding the North Pole. And what's interesting about W. A. 114 00:07:19,880 --> 00:07:23,400 Speaker 1: Foster here is that when he was talking about this, 115 00:07:23,840 --> 00:07:26,800 Speaker 1: you know, the manly pole of of the North Pole, 116 00:07:27,440 --> 00:07:31,360 Speaker 1: he was continuing a process. He was joining in a 117 00:07:31,480 --> 00:07:36,400 Speaker 1: long intergenerational narrative that mythicized the North Pole, and it 118 00:07:36,560 --> 00:07:40,960 Speaker 1: it went in step with European colonialism. So if we 119 00:07:41,040 --> 00:07:43,920 Speaker 1: paint the picture of the Arctic the way that Foster 120 00:07:44,000 --> 00:07:47,960 Speaker 1: and his ilk portray it, it's terrible. It's far away 121 00:07:47,960 --> 00:07:51,360 Speaker 1: from everything. Like you said, it's harsh, it's bleak, and 122 00:07:51,960 --> 00:07:57,800 Speaker 1: it's this sort of empty canvas for largely European people 123 00:07:57,840 --> 00:08:01,760 Speaker 1: at this time to to kind of right their own 124 00:08:01,920 --> 00:08:06,840 Speaker 1: narrative about man versus nature. Uh, you know, anyway they 125 00:08:06,880 --> 00:08:11,240 Speaker 1: see fit. So that's there's something else that occurs here 126 00:08:11,640 --> 00:08:13,760 Speaker 1: that I think will be familiar to anybody has read 127 00:08:13,800 --> 00:08:18,800 Speaker 1: about tourists in the Himalayas. There are indigenous people who 128 00:08:18,800 --> 00:08:21,240 Speaker 1: lived in this very harsh climate. They've been there for 129 00:08:21,360 --> 00:08:25,200 Speaker 1: thousands and thousands of gears. But in these stories, in 130 00:08:25,280 --> 00:08:28,800 Speaker 1: these accounts by people like Foster, they they might as 131 00:08:28,840 --> 00:08:33,240 Speaker 1: well be another iceberg, or you know, some some piece 132 00:08:33,400 --> 00:08:37,000 Speaker 1: background set piece, or they're relegated to that terrible role 133 00:08:37,040 --> 00:08:41,880 Speaker 1: of the noble savage stereotype. And this sounds like basic 134 00:08:41,920 --> 00:08:46,440 Speaker 1: stuff we all know today, but at the time this 135 00:08:46,559 --> 00:08:49,439 Speaker 1: was what people believed in. The weird thing is those 136 00:08:49,520 --> 00:08:53,760 Speaker 1: images were not produced in the Arctic. They were the 137 00:08:53,800 --> 00:08:58,080 Speaker 1: imaginations of all these other people who, oddly enough, to 138 00:08:58,120 --> 00:09:01,280 Speaker 1: your point, Noel pretty much live did that effeminate itself. 139 00:09:01,320 --> 00:09:06,599 Speaker 1: They railed against totally. I mean, it's essentially colonization by imagination. 140 00:09:06,840 --> 00:09:09,440 Speaker 1: I just coined that. That's great take. I'm gonna run 141 00:09:09,480 --> 00:09:12,560 Speaker 1: with that. I like that colonization by imagination, you're creating, 142 00:09:12,760 --> 00:09:14,800 Speaker 1: you're taking ownership of a thing that you don't own 143 00:09:14,960 --> 00:09:20,240 Speaker 1: or understand, just by projecting your own kind of biases 144 00:09:20,320 --> 00:09:22,880 Speaker 1: onto it. Uh. And that's the thing though, UM. The 145 00:09:22,920 --> 00:09:25,959 Speaker 1: North Pole has had and continues to have an incredibly 146 00:09:26,520 --> 00:09:31,040 Speaker 1: profound and kind of mythical place in uh, in cultures 147 00:09:31,160 --> 00:09:34,480 Speaker 1: across the planet, this planet of ours, UM, because of 148 00:09:34,480 --> 00:09:38,200 Speaker 1: those reasons that we just mentioned, because of many of 149 00:09:38,200 --> 00:09:42,600 Speaker 1: the special properties that it holds. Monarchs throughout history have 150 00:09:42,760 --> 00:09:47,240 Speaker 1: funded voyages to the North Pole UM, partially looking for 151 00:09:47,280 --> 00:09:50,760 Speaker 1: a sea route to connect the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, 152 00:09:51,080 --> 00:09:55,080 Speaker 1: but also following these tales of these of these myths 153 00:09:55,120 --> 00:09:58,440 Speaker 1: surrounding the North Pole and then these like frozen you know, 154 00:09:58,559 --> 00:10:02,920 Speaker 1: tundra people and gods and you know, fairies or what 155 00:10:03,160 --> 00:10:05,920 Speaker 1: ice fairies. I don't know, I I what do you think, Ben, 156 00:10:06,080 --> 00:10:08,360 Speaker 1: Do you have any more details about like what kind 157 00:10:08,360 --> 00:10:11,360 Speaker 1: of myths they were chasing? Oh? Yeah, yeah, yeah. There's 158 00:10:11,440 --> 00:10:15,760 Speaker 1: this Uh, there's this very weird twist of course on 159 00:10:15,960 --> 00:10:20,320 Speaker 1: the old Norse mythology, right like uh, there there's this 160 00:10:20,440 --> 00:10:23,400 Speaker 1: idea that you are literally at the end of the 161 00:10:23,440 --> 00:10:28,679 Speaker 1: world and therefore you are walking from your crossing the 162 00:10:28,720 --> 00:10:33,880 Speaker 1: boundary from the world of humanity into the world of 163 00:10:34,280 --> 00:10:37,560 Speaker 1: legend like this. This such an old idea right as 164 00:10:37,800 --> 00:10:43,439 Speaker 1: early as three thousand b C. E People in multiple civilizations, 165 00:10:43,559 --> 00:10:50,640 Speaker 1: Arabic civilization, Greek civilization, Egyptians, they thought that the entirety 166 00:10:50,679 --> 00:10:54,760 Speaker 1: of the heavens what we call the cosmos today, revolved 167 00:10:54,800 --> 00:10:58,480 Speaker 1: around the North Pole and it was located under the 168 00:10:58,480 --> 00:11:02,599 Speaker 1: star the Greeks called Aires. And then you know, we 169 00:11:02,640 --> 00:11:07,120 Speaker 1: would also see real descriptions of actual things in that 170 00:11:07,200 --> 00:11:11,640 Speaker 1: region that were depicted in increasingly fanciful ways over the 171 00:11:11,720 --> 00:11:16,199 Speaker 1: long game of telephone that we call history, right, like 172 00:11:16,400 --> 00:11:20,720 Speaker 1: the Greek geographers. Yeah, Pitheist, who is an explorer and 173 00:11:21,160 --> 00:11:24,600 Speaker 1: geographer from Greece from ancient Greece, went there around three 174 00:11:25,360 --> 00:11:28,800 Speaker 1: b C. And talked about seeing these white bears on 175 00:11:28,880 --> 00:11:32,280 Speaker 1: a sea of ice um, which sounds like the stuff 176 00:11:32,320 --> 00:11:37,000 Speaker 1: of legend, because those areas under Polaris, as far as 177 00:11:37,040 --> 00:11:41,640 Speaker 1: they were concerned, were supposedly guarded by celestial bears a 178 00:11:41,800 --> 00:11:45,640 Speaker 1: k a like, imbued with some sort of power from 179 00:11:45,640 --> 00:11:47,280 Speaker 1: on high, you know, or they had come from the 180 00:11:47,280 --> 00:11:49,839 Speaker 1: other side, like through those gates I guess of of 181 00:11:49,840 --> 00:11:53,640 Speaker 1: of the the let's call it the the afterworld um 182 00:11:53,679 --> 00:11:57,600 Speaker 1: in honor of prince's recent birthday. Um and Uh they 183 00:11:57,679 --> 00:12:00,920 Speaker 1: were called ark does um. And that is actually where 184 00:12:00,920 --> 00:12:03,520 Speaker 1: the name the Arctic came from. And these kind of 185 00:12:03,559 --> 00:12:06,120 Speaker 1: myths really persevered throughout time and created a lot of 186 00:12:06,160 --> 00:12:09,200 Speaker 1: the names that we know today uh from these regions. 187 00:12:09,480 --> 00:12:15,240 Speaker 1: So the idea of the ancient Norse vikings seeing the 188 00:12:15,360 --> 00:12:20,000 Speaker 1: northern lights as incarnations of their gods um. And of 189 00:12:20,040 --> 00:12:22,840 Speaker 1: course we know about the idea of the yeti or 190 00:12:22,960 --> 00:12:26,080 Speaker 1: abominable snowman, which was always the scariest part of the 191 00:12:26,120 --> 00:12:29,040 Speaker 1: matter horn to me if you remember that ride at Disney, Uh, 192 00:12:29,120 --> 00:12:31,400 Speaker 1: there was their part near the end where the abominable 193 00:12:31,440 --> 00:12:33,800 Speaker 1: snowman kind of pops out and gives you gives you 194 00:12:33,800 --> 00:12:36,599 Speaker 1: a little fright. Um. But this is also true in 195 00:12:36,720 --> 00:12:42,200 Speaker 1: Nepalese culture. And the Greeks had their own conceptual version 196 00:12:42,320 --> 00:12:47,560 Speaker 1: of of an Arctic and it was called Hyperborea, which 197 00:12:47,559 --> 00:12:49,560 Speaker 1: would have been at the top of the world, you know. 198 00:12:50,000 --> 00:12:53,840 Speaker 1: And and that's where the name uh Borealis came from, 199 00:12:53,880 --> 00:12:57,240 Speaker 1: the idea of the Aurora borealis, which is the northern lights. 200 00:12:57,320 --> 00:13:05,079 Speaker 1: Of course, another name they're referred to as the funny 201 00:13:05,080 --> 00:13:06,960 Speaker 1: thing is though a little different in the Greeks thought 202 00:13:07,000 --> 00:13:10,000 Speaker 1: that the Arctic was some kind of tropical paradise. Yeah, 203 00:13:10,000 --> 00:13:13,199 Speaker 1: which is interesting to me, especially since all the Arctic lingo. 204 00:13:13,520 --> 00:13:15,720 Speaker 1: What do you think about that? Man, that's interesting. I 205 00:13:15,760 --> 00:13:19,000 Speaker 1: am over the moon, or should I say over the 206 00:13:19,040 --> 00:13:23,360 Speaker 1: poll over Polaris to be able to finally start recommending 207 00:13:23,400 --> 00:13:26,800 Speaker 1: comic books and graphic novels. Again, Fans of hell Boy 208 00:13:27,360 --> 00:13:30,720 Speaker 1: and fans of bpr D already know what I'm about 209 00:13:30,760 --> 00:13:34,440 Speaker 1: to say if you haven't checked these out. Hyperborea figures 210 00:13:34,480 --> 00:13:40,520 Speaker 1: heavily into the the excellent writing of those series. But yeah, 211 00:13:40,760 --> 00:13:43,199 Speaker 1: it's a real myth. And it's funny to me because 212 00:13:43,640 --> 00:13:47,280 Speaker 1: there's this thing in Greco Roman culture where they really 213 00:13:47,520 --> 00:13:51,319 Speaker 1: they really like. The idea of these elite communities are 214 00:13:51,400 --> 00:13:53,480 Speaker 1: kind of I guess we would almost call them like 215 00:13:53,679 --> 00:13:57,400 Speaker 1: the gated communities of the gods. This also probably calls 216 00:13:57,440 --> 00:14:00,200 Speaker 1: to mind It's it's not in the North Pole. I 217 00:14:00,200 --> 00:14:01,880 Speaker 1: think it's in the South Pole. But it probably calls 218 00:14:01,880 --> 00:14:06,679 Speaker 1: a mind for Marvel fans, the idea of the Savage Land. Uh, 219 00:14:06,840 --> 00:14:09,679 Speaker 1: the idea, it's this idea that there is a paradise 220 00:14:09,840 --> 00:14:13,600 Speaker 1: it is on Earth. It's just very, very difficult to 221 00:14:13,640 --> 00:14:17,360 Speaker 1: get to. Overtime, the myth of Hyperborea came to be 222 00:14:17,440 --> 00:14:22,400 Speaker 1: associated with the Lost Civilizations tropes like they. You know, 223 00:14:22,440 --> 00:14:28,920 Speaker 1: we're portrayed as incredibly advanced in scientific pursuits. But the 224 00:14:29,000 --> 00:14:33,640 Speaker 1: weird thing is these ancient cultures, even though they got 225 00:14:33,720 --> 00:14:36,760 Speaker 1: some stuff wrong, to say the least, they were actually 226 00:14:36,880 --> 00:14:41,560 Speaker 1: right about the North Pole being tremendously unique and special place. 227 00:14:42,440 --> 00:14:45,640 Speaker 1: In a book called north Pole Nature and Culture. A 228 00:14:45,720 --> 00:14:47,760 Speaker 1: scholar of the history of science and head of the 229 00:14:47,960 --> 00:14:52,120 Speaker 1: Circumpolar History and Public Policy Research at the Scott Polar 230 00:14:52,160 --> 00:14:56,480 Speaker 1: Research Institute at University of Cambridge. God, that's a long title. 231 00:14:56,760 --> 00:15:00,400 Speaker 1: His name is Michael Bravo. Uh And he has great 232 00:15:00,440 --> 00:15:03,880 Speaker 1: stuff to say about what makes the North Pole so unique. Yeah, 233 00:15:03,880 --> 00:15:06,840 Speaker 1: he wrote a book called north Pole Nature and Culture. Um. 234 00:15:06,880 --> 00:15:11,040 Speaker 1: And he does a fantastic job of truly eliminating any 235 00:15:11,080 --> 00:15:14,480 Speaker 1: questions about why the North Pole seems to continuously find 236 00:15:14,760 --> 00:15:17,640 Speaker 1: such a special place in history and culture and a 237 00:15:17,640 --> 00:15:21,200 Speaker 1: lot of these connections and associations it has to other phenomena. 238 00:15:21,680 --> 00:15:24,000 Speaker 1: Uh And and this is how he characterized it quote, 239 00:15:24,040 --> 00:15:26,360 Speaker 1: I offer the reader a way to understand why the 240 00:15:26,400 --> 00:15:28,960 Speaker 1: North Pole truly matters to anyone who knows that our 241 00:15:29,000 --> 00:15:31,840 Speaker 1: home planet Earth is a globe. The North Pole has 242 00:15:31,880 --> 00:15:35,080 Speaker 1: refracted our understanding of the planet on which we live 243 00:15:35,160 --> 00:15:38,840 Speaker 1: and the quest to master knowledge of who we are. 244 00:15:39,440 --> 00:15:41,160 Speaker 1: And he goes on to say that when you're actually 245 00:15:41,160 --> 00:15:45,440 Speaker 1: standing of the North Pole, technically every direction faces south, 246 00:15:45,880 --> 00:15:49,240 Speaker 1: and the North Pole has the unique distinction um that 247 00:15:49,320 --> 00:15:52,080 Speaker 1: it continues to after this day of having no allocated 248 00:15:52,120 --> 00:15:55,120 Speaker 1: longitude or any time zone. And that's not lost on 249 00:15:55,200 --> 00:15:58,400 Speaker 1: Bravo or anyone that has been, um, you know, fascinated 250 00:15:58,440 --> 00:16:02,960 Speaker 1: by this place. Um. Emperors and philosophers, he says, there 251 00:16:03,000 --> 00:16:06,200 Speaker 1: are history have recognized how special this place is and 252 00:16:06,240 --> 00:16:10,240 Speaker 1: all of that significance that actually defies time. But it 253 00:16:10,320 --> 00:16:14,280 Speaker 1: also is not somehow like immune to time. I don't know, 254 00:16:14,480 --> 00:16:16,560 Speaker 1: it's it's it's a little poetic and kind of like 255 00:16:16,600 --> 00:16:19,280 Speaker 1: a high minded way of talking about it, but it's true. 256 00:16:19,320 --> 00:16:23,400 Speaker 1: It's a very special place, and that absolute extreme nature 257 00:16:23,520 --> 00:16:27,680 Speaker 1: of its location really does give it some interesting properties. Then, yeah, 258 00:16:27,880 --> 00:16:31,800 Speaker 1: think about the way that the location the North Pole 259 00:16:31,960 --> 00:16:36,640 Speaker 1: has defined so much of what we do even today. 260 00:16:36,960 --> 00:16:39,960 Speaker 1: When the when the big maritime ages were hitting like 261 00:16:40,040 --> 00:16:46,280 Speaker 1: in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, navigators and sailors needed 262 00:16:46,360 --> 00:16:50,440 Speaker 1: to understand something about the North Pole because it defined 263 00:16:50,560 --> 00:16:54,760 Speaker 1: our ability to navigate the globe, you know, like Bravo writes, 264 00:16:55,040 --> 00:16:57,800 Speaker 1: Without poles, there could be no geography, there could be 265 00:16:57,840 --> 00:17:02,040 Speaker 1: no system of orientation for navigation, and so we as 266 00:17:02,080 --> 00:17:06,440 Speaker 1: a species had to create new ways to understand the 267 00:17:06,520 --> 00:17:10,719 Speaker 1: structure of the planet, and the North Pole became one 268 00:17:10,760 --> 00:17:17,119 Speaker 1: of our main keys to answering this question, which it 269 00:17:17,200 --> 00:17:19,960 Speaker 1: sounds it sounds silly to phrase it this way, but 270 00:17:20,080 --> 00:17:25,600 Speaker 1: here's the question that baffled civilizations for millennia. It's this 271 00:17:26,720 --> 00:17:30,760 Speaker 1: what time is it right now? And where where the 272 00:17:30,800 --> 00:17:33,479 Speaker 1: hell are we and where are we going? Those are 273 00:17:33,480 --> 00:17:36,240 Speaker 1: those are? They seem like really basic questions now, But 274 00:17:36,280 --> 00:17:39,920 Speaker 1: some of the smartest people in history we're working around 275 00:17:40,000 --> 00:17:43,240 Speaker 1: their version of the clock to figure this out. That's 276 00:17:43,240 --> 00:17:47,720 Speaker 1: why you can see all this magnificent artwork. Um, that's 277 00:17:47,840 --> 00:17:51,280 Speaker 1: that's functional artwork. Two like globes and maps from this 278 00:17:51,320 --> 00:17:53,919 Speaker 1: time period. Yeah, I mean, because when we say poles, 279 00:17:53,960 --> 00:17:56,760 Speaker 1: we're talking about the spots where the little C shaped 280 00:17:56,800 --> 00:17:59,879 Speaker 1: clamp connects to the globe when you mount it so 281 00:18:00,080 --> 00:18:01,960 Speaker 1: you can spin it around. Those are the axes that 282 00:18:02,000 --> 00:18:05,280 Speaker 1: it spins on UM and it truly does give us 283 00:18:05,480 --> 00:18:07,520 Speaker 1: the ability to kind of look at our planet from 284 00:18:07,560 --> 00:18:09,680 Speaker 1: the top down, which is the thing that was really 285 00:18:09,760 --> 00:18:13,520 Speaker 1: unique at the time. UM. During the Renaissance, for example, 286 00:18:13,640 --> 00:18:18,600 Speaker 1: all sorts of thinkers and mathematicians and artists, map makers, 287 00:18:19,160 --> 00:18:22,600 Speaker 1: uh created all of these globes that we're talking about, 288 00:18:22,840 --> 00:18:26,080 Speaker 1: and all of these maps where the North Pole was 289 00:18:26,359 --> 00:18:29,320 Speaker 1: the most important feature because it gave you a frame 290 00:18:29,359 --> 00:18:31,679 Speaker 1: of reference for everything else that you were looking at. 291 00:18:32,040 --> 00:18:35,160 Speaker 1: And a really great article on Arctic Today dot com 292 00:18:35,600 --> 00:18:40,760 Speaker 1: talks about how this really allowed people this new kind 293 00:18:40,800 --> 00:18:45,320 Speaker 1: of perspective and the ability to truly get an understanding 294 00:18:45,440 --> 00:18:48,800 Speaker 1: of the kinds of voyages that were very very well known, 295 00:18:48,880 --> 00:18:53,760 Speaker 1: like those undertaken by Vasco da Gama and Christopher Columbus 296 00:18:53,760 --> 00:18:57,879 Speaker 1: and other influential explorers. Yeah, and now we're going to 297 00:18:58,000 --> 00:19:02,160 Speaker 1: get into uh just for a second, we have to 298 00:19:02,200 --> 00:19:08,280 Speaker 1: acknowledge the international politics at play here, because this powerful, 299 00:19:08,359 --> 00:19:13,800 Speaker 1: powerful place, right Uh, it's something that of course the 300 00:19:13,920 --> 00:19:16,400 Speaker 1: leaders of the world want to control. As a matter 301 00:19:16,400 --> 00:19:21,040 Speaker 1: of fact, in fifteen seventy eight, Queen Elizabeth assigned one 302 00:19:21,080 --> 00:19:23,320 Speaker 1: of her you know, like one of her court nerds 303 00:19:23,720 --> 00:19:26,520 Speaker 1: a scholar, in other words, to try and make a 304 00:19:26,520 --> 00:19:30,879 Speaker 1: case that said Britain owns the North Pole. Spoiler, it 305 00:19:30,920 --> 00:19:35,479 Speaker 1: didn't work out, but to underline how important this was 306 00:19:35,560 --> 00:19:38,640 Speaker 1: two people and remains. Maybe we can talk about some 307 00:19:38,680 --> 00:19:43,840 Speaker 1: specific examples. So the first let me not put my 308 00:19:43,920 --> 00:19:48,159 Speaker 1: conspiracy hat on here, but it's widely agreed that the 309 00:19:48,240 --> 00:19:51,320 Speaker 1: first real map of the North Pole comes to us 310 00:19:51,320 --> 00:19:55,040 Speaker 1: in the sixteenth century by a guy named Gerard murk Cater. 311 00:19:55,680 --> 00:19:58,760 Speaker 1: That name should be familiar to cartography fans. And the 312 00:19:58,800 --> 00:20:01,560 Speaker 1: thing about this map is he tried his best. He's 313 00:20:01,600 --> 00:20:05,560 Speaker 1: best known for the Mercat projection, but he did a 314 00:20:05,600 --> 00:20:09,760 Speaker 1: really cartoonishly inaccurate job on this one, which is not 315 00:20:09,880 --> 00:20:12,120 Speaker 1: his fault. He's working with what he had and he's 316 00:20:12,240 --> 00:20:15,840 Speaker 1: very smart guy. Um. The Mercat projection, of course, is 317 00:20:15,840 --> 00:20:18,439 Speaker 1: is trying to solve that old problem. How do you 318 00:20:18,800 --> 00:20:22,840 Speaker 1: depict a three dimensional sphere on a two dimensional surface 319 00:20:22,880 --> 00:20:24,840 Speaker 1: a K A map, right, how do you take those 320 00:20:24,880 --> 00:20:29,399 Speaker 1: curved lines make them into straight ones? Uh? This projection 321 00:20:29,560 --> 00:20:32,800 Speaker 1: when he invented it, it it was invented for sailors so 322 00:20:32,880 --> 00:20:35,879 Speaker 1: that they could plot kind of a straight line a 323 00:20:35,960 --> 00:20:39,160 Speaker 1: two B course. And when he came out I believe 324 00:20:39,160 --> 00:20:42,359 Speaker 1: it is specifically fifteen sixty nine, right. No. When he 325 00:20:42,440 --> 00:20:45,960 Speaker 1: came out with this, um, this world map, yeah, and 326 00:20:46,080 --> 00:20:49,120 Speaker 1: he sware by his math and his calculation and said 327 00:20:49,160 --> 00:20:53,159 Speaker 1: that this particular world map, um again, this isn't a globe, 328 00:20:53,200 --> 00:20:56,160 Speaker 1: this is a two dimensional map that you can use 329 00:20:56,480 --> 00:20:59,200 Speaker 1: for charting courses, that this would be free of any 330 00:20:59,240 --> 00:21:03,720 Speaker 1: of the calculations of previous maps. He referred to them 331 00:21:03,760 --> 00:21:07,280 Speaker 1: as any of those errors which must necessarily be encountered 332 00:21:07,280 --> 00:21:11,560 Speaker 1: on the ordinary charts of ship masters, because his was nothing, 333 00:21:12,200 --> 00:21:16,600 Speaker 1: uh if not extraordinary. Um. Yeah, but um, he had 334 00:21:16,840 --> 00:21:21,360 Speaker 1: to figure out how to do this, uh and maintain 335 00:21:21,600 --> 00:21:24,199 Speaker 1: some semblance of scale or some semblance of kind of 336 00:21:24,200 --> 00:21:26,840 Speaker 1: like continuity, and so he did have to sacrifice some 337 00:21:26,880 --> 00:21:31,480 Speaker 1: accuracy in some places, um, in order to make these uh, 338 00:21:31,560 --> 00:21:35,200 Speaker 1: these trajectories work. In order to do that, he did 339 00:21:35,240 --> 00:21:37,200 Speaker 1: have to stretch some of the parts of the map, 340 00:21:37,480 --> 00:21:41,840 Speaker 1: which made for an interesting comparative experience. When you're say, 341 00:21:41,880 --> 00:21:45,040 Speaker 1: looking at parts of the south, which is parts of 342 00:21:45,040 --> 00:21:48,440 Speaker 1: the north, Africa and Greenland, for example, on this map 343 00:21:48,480 --> 00:21:52,200 Speaker 1: look almost identical, even though Africa is obviously about fourteen 344 00:21:52,240 --> 00:21:54,720 Speaker 1: the signs the size of Greenland but you know, it 345 00:21:54,760 --> 00:21:59,680 Speaker 1: was a small price to pay for accurate navigation abilities. Yeah, 346 00:21:59,680 --> 00:22:01,960 Speaker 1: that's a point and very well put. You know, you 347 00:22:02,000 --> 00:22:11,320 Speaker 1: gotta stick with what works. Here's the deal. Though, under 348 00:22:11,480 --> 00:22:15,000 Speaker 1: the constraints of his own calculations, under the constraints of 349 00:22:15,000 --> 00:22:18,360 Speaker 1: this let's call it Mercator math, there was a problem 350 00:22:18,400 --> 00:22:24,280 Speaker 1: with the North Pole. It would be so ginormously outsized 351 00:22:24,560 --> 00:22:27,920 Speaker 1: that it would appear to be almost infinite. So Mrcater 352 00:22:28,080 --> 00:22:32,320 Speaker 1: cheated a little bit instead of putting it in this overall, 353 00:22:32,480 --> 00:22:36,399 Speaker 1: this actual projection that he was making. Uh, he said, 354 00:22:36,480 --> 00:22:38,639 Speaker 1: I'm going to put a small top down view of 355 00:22:38,680 --> 00:22:41,159 Speaker 1: the Arctic just in the bottom left corner of my 356 00:22:41,200 --> 00:22:44,160 Speaker 1: world map. So this is the thing here. You can 357 00:22:44,200 --> 00:22:47,119 Speaker 1: see it. This is why historians consider it to be 358 00:22:47,200 --> 00:22:50,879 Speaker 1: the first true map of the Arctic. And you know, 359 00:22:51,040 --> 00:22:56,320 Speaker 1: Mercator and his followers, his proteges, his interns, they continually 360 00:22:56,400 --> 00:23:00,560 Speaker 1: updated the map with the best information they had. Um. 361 00:23:00,560 --> 00:23:03,840 Speaker 1: But the story of maps alone is so compelling because 362 00:23:03,840 --> 00:23:07,119 Speaker 1: they have such power in society, and you know, like 363 00:23:07,200 --> 00:23:08,920 Speaker 1: a lot of us. Um, I don't want to date 364 00:23:08,960 --> 00:23:12,199 Speaker 1: myself too bad here, but I grew up looking at 365 00:23:12,200 --> 00:23:15,760 Speaker 1: the Mercator map and wondering just in awe of how 366 00:23:15,960 --> 00:23:18,480 Speaker 1: large Greenland appeared to be. Did you guys have those 367 00:23:18,520 --> 00:23:20,960 Speaker 1: when you were in school? Yeah, we looked at I 368 00:23:20,960 --> 00:23:24,000 Speaker 1: guess a few different projections, but that was definitely one 369 00:23:24,000 --> 00:23:25,920 Speaker 1: of the ones in the mix I think I did. 370 00:23:26,000 --> 00:23:27,399 Speaker 1: I mean, they're just the ones that kind of have 371 00:23:27,520 --> 00:23:30,119 Speaker 1: like the little gritted out kind of sections, some of 372 00:23:30,160 --> 00:23:33,159 Speaker 1: them which are like stretched right is not the idea, 373 00:23:33,320 --> 00:23:35,560 Speaker 1: I think that's okay? So yeah, definitely, So why is 374 00:23:35,640 --> 00:23:41,560 Speaker 1: this inaccurate? Here's the thing. It turned out that Mercader 375 00:23:42,240 --> 00:23:44,359 Speaker 1: made a call that a lot of people have made 376 00:23:44,359 --> 00:23:51,399 Speaker 1: in the past. Because you see, there are two north poles. Right. 377 00:23:51,480 --> 00:23:56,400 Speaker 1: There's the physical North Pole right, which we have assigned 378 00:23:56,480 --> 00:23:59,880 Speaker 1: right that the quote unquote top most point, even though 379 00:24:00,000 --> 00:24:02,120 Speaker 1: it is not really an up or down in space. Uh. 380 00:24:02,760 --> 00:24:05,840 Speaker 1: And then there's the magnetic North Pole a k a. 381 00:24:06,320 --> 00:24:10,600 Speaker 1: The reason compasses work, and the magnetic north Pole is 382 00:24:10,640 --> 00:24:15,600 Speaker 1: not in the same location as the physical North Pole. Uh. 383 00:24:15,880 --> 00:24:18,960 Speaker 1: You know, mercator is working off a very limited set 384 00:24:18,960 --> 00:24:22,439 Speaker 1: of information, like by the by the fifteen hundreds, I 385 00:24:22,440 --> 00:24:24,679 Speaker 1: don't think there's a hot take. Turns out not a 386 00:24:24,720 --> 00:24:27,560 Speaker 1: ton of people had ventured up to the Arctic, let 387 00:24:27,560 --> 00:24:29,760 Speaker 1: alone the North Pole. They wouldn't get there for what 388 00:24:29,960 --> 00:24:31,960 Speaker 1: hundreds of years, right, you know? But Mcat was a 389 00:24:32,000 --> 00:24:36,080 Speaker 1: go getter um and he wasn't gonna let that stop him. 390 00:24:36,240 --> 00:24:40,679 Speaker 1: But he obviously couldn't, you know, get firsthand knowledge, so 391 00:24:40,760 --> 00:24:42,680 Speaker 1: he had to dig around and use what he had 392 00:24:42,680 --> 00:24:45,520 Speaker 1: at his disposal, Like we talked about before. Uh, he 393 00:24:45,720 --> 00:24:52,960 Speaker 1: found something called Inventio Fortunata, which means fortunate Discoveries, and 394 00:24:53,040 --> 00:24:56,680 Speaker 1: that was a travelog written in the fourteenth century anonymously, 395 00:24:57,040 --> 00:25:00,359 Speaker 1: and he referred to the writer as quote an English 396 00:25:00,440 --> 00:25:04,560 Speaker 1: minor Friar of Oxford, who traveled to Norway and then 397 00:25:04,600 --> 00:25:08,840 Speaker 1: pushed on further by magical arts. Magical arts. Okay, you 398 00:25:08,920 --> 00:25:12,880 Speaker 1: got my attention. Let's go on um. And one thing 399 00:25:12,880 --> 00:25:15,000 Speaker 1: that he learned from this and gleaned from this book 400 00:25:15,440 --> 00:25:18,879 Speaker 1: was what he ended up using as the centerpiece for 401 00:25:19,080 --> 00:25:23,480 Speaker 1: his Arctic map, which was a giant rock exactly at them, 402 00:25:23,760 --> 00:25:26,159 Speaker 1: I guess you could say, the terrestrial North Pole the 403 00:25:26,200 --> 00:25:28,920 Speaker 1: actual position where that would be, and that was called 404 00:25:28,920 --> 00:25:34,879 Speaker 1: the Rupus nigra l atissima or black very high cliff um. 405 00:25:34,920 --> 00:25:37,280 Speaker 1: And this was something that people pretty much accepted at 406 00:25:37,320 --> 00:25:39,680 Speaker 1: the time, and a lot of folks thought that it 407 00:25:39,760 --> 00:25:44,480 Speaker 1: had some kind of magnetic properties, which was the reason 408 00:25:44,520 --> 00:25:49,159 Speaker 1: that everyone's compass pointed north. But Mercader wasn't quite convinced 409 00:25:49,240 --> 00:25:53,320 Speaker 1: of this magnetic part of the equation. He definitely thought 410 00:25:53,359 --> 00:25:56,879 Speaker 1: that it was the physical centerpiece of the map, but 411 00:25:56,960 --> 00:25:59,639 Speaker 1: he wasn't quite sure that that was where the magnetism 412 00:25:59,680 --> 00:26:02,480 Speaker 1: was coming from. So he actually used a different location 413 00:26:03,119 --> 00:26:06,080 Speaker 1: to describe the magnetic pole, which is in the top 414 00:26:06,200 --> 00:26:09,919 Speaker 1: left corner of his map, uh north of the Straight 415 00:26:10,119 --> 00:26:16,119 Speaker 1: of Anon. So, as everybody knows, there is only one 416 00:26:16,800 --> 00:26:21,119 Speaker 1: fan base more rabid than the Wagnerian fan base, and 417 00:26:21,200 --> 00:26:25,040 Speaker 1: that's the Mercader rights. So we're we know that we're 418 00:26:25,080 --> 00:26:27,680 Speaker 1: telling you some stuff that might be hard to hear, 419 00:26:27,760 --> 00:26:31,439 Speaker 1: but again he's he's a very intelligent person working with 420 00:26:31,480 --> 00:26:34,520 Speaker 1: the tools he add at the time. But there's more 421 00:26:34,880 --> 00:26:40,000 Speaker 1: to his story. You're probably wondering, what the heck are 422 00:26:40,440 --> 00:26:45,560 Speaker 1: polar pigmies. That's a that's the phrase they used. What 423 00:26:45,600 --> 00:26:50,119 Speaker 1: are all those rumors of a whirlpool about? Well, we're 424 00:26:50,160 --> 00:26:54,200 Speaker 1: going to tell you in part two of our episode 425 00:26:54,240 --> 00:26:56,679 Speaker 1: on the mythology of the North Pole. How is that 426 00:26:56,720 --> 00:26:58,880 Speaker 1: for a segue, Nold, does that get us out there? Ben? 427 00:26:58,920 --> 00:27:02,640 Speaker 1: Are you big at cliff hanging us? Here we go, 428 00:27:03,119 --> 00:27:06,760 Speaker 1: Here we go. That was the thing I remember that. Okay, 429 00:27:06,760 --> 00:27:09,399 Speaker 1: it was it was. It was a joke. Okay. I 430 00:27:09,440 --> 00:27:11,840 Speaker 1: think we've got we've got We've got some time before 431 00:27:11,880 --> 00:27:14,760 Speaker 1: part two to brainstorm. Maybe get a white board and 432 00:27:14,800 --> 00:27:21,040 Speaker 1: work on our of our mercater Uh uh Ricater stuff. 433 00:27:21,040 --> 00:27:25,400 Speaker 1: It's been a crazy week. Uh snow white board. There 434 00:27:25,440 --> 00:27:32,560 Speaker 1: we go, Okay, kill me, kill me? Yeah. I think 435 00:27:32,600 --> 00:27:37,639 Speaker 1: we're in North Pole position to explore the rest of 436 00:27:37,800 --> 00:27:41,720 Speaker 1: Ricater's story in part two. We hope that you have 437 00:27:41,840 --> 00:27:43,879 Speaker 1: enjoyed this so far. If you have been to the 438 00:27:43,920 --> 00:27:46,680 Speaker 1: North Pole, please please please let us know. You can 439 00:27:46,680 --> 00:27:48,879 Speaker 1: find us on Facebook, you can find some Instagram. You 440 00:27:48,880 --> 00:27:51,119 Speaker 1: can find us on Twitter, not just as a show, 441 00:27:51,200 --> 00:27:54,000 Speaker 1: but as individuals. That's right. You can find me on 442 00:27:54,080 --> 00:27:57,560 Speaker 1: Instagram at how Now Noel Brown or I posted lots 443 00:27:57,600 --> 00:28:00,240 Speaker 1: of pictures of my daughter do an anime costplays in 444 00:28:00,280 --> 00:28:03,439 Speaker 1: addition to a lot of cooking, and also now that 445 00:28:03,480 --> 00:28:07,280 Speaker 1: I'm in my new studio, probably some music creation stuff. 446 00:28:07,320 --> 00:28:10,640 Speaker 1: You can find me fighting the good fight for some 447 00:28:10,680 --> 00:28:13,520 Speaker 1: cause or another at Ben Bulling hs W on Twitter. 448 00:28:13,800 --> 00:28:17,879 Speaker 1: You can also see my various misadventures around here and 449 00:28:17,920 --> 00:28:21,880 Speaker 1: around the globe at Ben Bulling on Instagram. Spoiler alert, guys, 450 00:28:22,000 --> 00:28:25,080 Speaker 1: I think I might actually be traveling out of the 451 00:28:25,080 --> 00:28:27,840 Speaker 1: country in August. I'm not sure yet. It's no promises, 452 00:28:27,880 --> 00:28:30,200 Speaker 1: but I might get there. God's b been couldn't do 453 00:28:30,280 --> 00:28:33,000 Speaker 1: it without Marcater. He's the real hero here. You know 454 00:28:33,080 --> 00:28:35,960 Speaker 1: I've been. You're the real hero here, and we don't 455 00:28:35,960 --> 00:28:39,640 Speaker 1: need another hero. I need a hero just like the 456 00:28:39,680 --> 00:28:44,240 Speaker 1: song and uh and speaking to heroes, thanks of course 457 00:28:44,680 --> 00:28:49,720 Speaker 1: to our incredibly patient super producer, Casey Pegram. Yes, thanks 458 00:28:49,720 --> 00:28:52,760 Speaker 1: Alex Williams. A composed theme Christopher Hasciota is here in 459 00:28:53,200 --> 00:28:57,560 Speaker 1: spirit Jonathan Strickland and his devious doubleganger, the Quister, who I, 460 00:28:57,560 --> 00:29:01,600 Speaker 1: if I'm not mistaken, is definitely due for a diabolical 461 00:29:01,840 --> 00:29:05,200 Speaker 1: drop in because I can't think of another d thing. 462 00:29:05,240 --> 00:29:07,480 Speaker 1: But I got there. I did my best. I think 463 00:29:07,520 --> 00:29:10,320 Speaker 1: I think you did well. Um. You know we've got 464 00:29:10,400 --> 00:29:14,920 Speaker 1: the time Arctic talking away here. Uh, and it's only 465 00:29:14,920 --> 00:29:17,240 Speaker 1: a matter of time before he shows his face again. 466 00:29:17,280 --> 00:29:20,760 Speaker 1: Like any good villain, he's uh, he's always just around 467 00:29:20,760 --> 00:29:22,360 Speaker 1: the corner. So I guess we need to go ahead 468 00:29:22,440 --> 00:29:24,280 Speaker 1: and sew this up. I don't know about you, guys, 469 00:29:24,280 --> 00:29:26,520 Speaker 1: but I actually got chills while we were talking about this. 470 00:29:26,760 --> 00:29:31,720 Speaker 1: I think I'm I'm in the zone, the Arctics. We'll 471 00:29:31,720 --> 00:29:42,040 Speaker 1: see you next time. Flix. For more podcasts for my 472 00:29:42,080 --> 00:29:44,680 Speaker 1: Heart Radio, visit the I Heart Radio app, Apple podcast, 473 00:29:44,800 --> 00:29:46,959 Speaker 1: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.