1 00:00:09,400 --> 00:00:13,480 Speaker 1: From Mediator's World News headquarters in Bozeman, Montana. This is 2 00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:18,319 Speaker 1: Kel's we Can review with Ryan kel Kelly. Now Here's Kel. 3 00:00:19,840 --> 00:00:22,520 Speaker 1: The last couple of weeks have been busy in the 4 00:00:22,640 --> 00:00:27,280 Speaker 1: art outside an art gallery desk, more specifically art found 5 00:00:27,280 --> 00:00:31,400 Speaker 1: in places we think of as wild places defined by 6 00:00:31,400 --> 00:00:34,880 Speaker 1: their apparent lack of human presence. You may have seen 7 00:00:34,920 --> 00:00:39,280 Speaker 1: photos of the mysterious metal monolith that Bighorn sheep researchers 8 00:00:39,440 --> 00:00:42,840 Speaker 1: recently stumbled across in the Red Rock Desert of southeast Utah. 9 00:00:43,400 --> 00:00:45,600 Speaker 1: To my eye, the thing kind of looks like a 10 00:00:45,640 --> 00:00:48,960 Speaker 1: ten foot tall piece of chewing gum in semi shiny 11 00:00:49,040 --> 00:00:54,080 Speaker 1: foil that someone stood upright, or a long lost sculpture 12 00:00:54,240 --> 00:00:58,240 Speaker 1: by the minimalist artist Donald Judd. No one knows who 13 00:00:58,280 --> 00:01:01,560 Speaker 1: put it there or why. The Utah Department of Public 14 00:01:01,600 --> 00:01:04,520 Speaker 1: Safety wanted to keep the mystery going by not telling 15 00:01:04,560 --> 00:01:08,280 Speaker 1: anyone exactly where the monolith was for fear that people 16 00:01:08,319 --> 00:01:10,400 Speaker 1: would get lost in the desert trying to find it. 17 00:01:10,959 --> 00:01:13,560 Speaker 1: Of course, that didn't work, and people on the internet 18 00:01:13,640 --> 00:01:16,480 Speaker 1: not only figured where the object was, but went back 19 00:01:16,520 --> 00:01:19,520 Speaker 1: to review satellite imagery and found that the thing has 20 00:01:19,560 --> 00:01:23,360 Speaker 1: been there since mid two thousand sixteen, just standing there 21 00:01:23,520 --> 00:01:27,000 Speaker 1: all by itself. Year after year, the Utah Department of 22 00:01:27,040 --> 00:01:30,440 Speaker 1: Public Safety put out a statement trying to deter future 23 00:01:30,640 --> 00:01:35,720 Speaker 1: artisse and it contains this gem quote. It is illegal 24 00:01:35,920 --> 00:01:40,840 Speaker 1: to install structures, including art, on public lands without permission, 25 00:01:41,120 --> 00:01:47,680 Speaker 1: no matter what planet you're from. Could the monolith just 26 00:01:47,880 --> 00:01:51,680 Speaker 1: be intergalactic litter? And you might ask, where do we 27 00:01:51,760 --> 00:01:54,720 Speaker 1: draw the line on what people or aliens for that matter, 28 00:01:54,880 --> 00:01:58,600 Speaker 1: can and cannot leave behind on public land. Our currents 29 00:01:58,680 --> 00:02:01,640 Speaker 1: to mark a trail along stretch of bare rocks so bad? 30 00:02:02,160 --> 00:02:05,080 Speaker 1: How about prayer flags at a campsite and the good 31 00:02:05,160 --> 00:02:08,239 Speaker 1: vibes that might be spread on the wind across the landscape. 32 00:02:08,720 --> 00:02:11,720 Speaker 1: Or that core's yellow belly tower you and your buddies 33 00:02:11,760 --> 00:02:15,160 Speaker 1: built that inevitably turns up in the remote woods just 34 00:02:15,280 --> 00:02:17,880 Speaker 1: after you wonder to yourself, if you are the only 35 00:02:17,960 --> 00:02:20,920 Speaker 1: human being who has ever set foot in that place, 36 00:02:21,480 --> 00:02:23,600 Speaker 1: who's to say that that beer can is not a 37 00:02:23,639 --> 00:02:27,600 Speaker 1: work of art? Anyway? I know what you're thinking. What 38 00:02:27,680 --> 00:02:33,520 Speaker 1: are the results of the Big Horn Sheep survey? This week? 39 00:02:33,720 --> 00:02:37,959 Speaker 1: We've got this damn show Pheasants food Art. But first 40 00:02:38,040 --> 00:02:42,000 Speaker 1: I'm gonna tell you about my week and my week 41 00:02:42,120 --> 00:02:45,480 Speaker 1: as well as this podcast is sponsored by Steel Power Equipment. 42 00:02:46,000 --> 00:02:49,639 Speaker 1: Not only was I using the powerful sharp compact Steel 43 00:02:49,680 --> 00:02:53,000 Speaker 1: P forty pruning shears to easily snip through pheasant parts 44 00:02:53,120 --> 00:02:56,640 Speaker 1: this week, but I used a set of steel suspenders 45 00:02:56,800 --> 00:02:58,960 Speaker 1: to keep my bridges up. I'm a bit of a 46 00:02:59,080 --> 00:03:02,800 Speaker 1: suspender guy due to my lack of butt and apparent 47 00:03:03,160 --> 00:03:06,840 Speaker 1: need for my butt to see the sunlight all the time. Uh, 48 00:03:06,880 --> 00:03:14,040 Speaker 1: you know, suspenders come in handy. I traveled to South Dakota, Yes, 49 00:03:14,120 --> 00:03:17,160 Speaker 1: South Dakota, to meet with a few folks to talk 50 00:03:17,200 --> 00:03:20,760 Speaker 1: habitat pheasants food and get old snort some time in 51 00:03:20,800 --> 00:03:24,040 Speaker 1: the field working on our pheasant skills. Now, trying to 52 00:03:24,080 --> 00:03:27,960 Speaker 1: make life and work happen while being COVID responsible isn't 53 00:03:28,080 --> 00:03:31,680 Speaker 1: the same to say the least quarantine time and testing 54 00:03:31,760 --> 00:03:34,720 Speaker 1: or minor considerations. I work from home most of the time, 55 00:03:35,400 --> 00:03:39,120 Speaker 1: but on my entire ten plus hour drive I did 56 00:03:39,160 --> 00:03:43,040 Speaker 1: not enter a gas station or grocery store or anything else. 57 00:03:43,600 --> 00:03:47,320 Speaker 1: Just pumped gas and consumed gas. I guess, throwing some 58 00:03:47,440 --> 00:03:50,520 Speaker 1: hand sanitizer and and that really about covers all my travel. 59 00:03:51,360 --> 00:03:55,200 Speaker 1: Matt Morlock of Pheasants Forever if you're not familiar with PF, 60 00:03:55,240 --> 00:04:01,160 Speaker 1: they are a really fantastic habitat building nonprofit. Brad leone 61 00:04:01,280 --> 00:04:06,400 Speaker 1: of It's Alive and Bone Appetite. Brian Merkel, butcher from Duluth. 62 00:04:06,920 --> 00:04:09,520 Speaker 1: We're all other folks on this trip, and we all 63 00:04:09,600 --> 00:04:13,200 Speaker 1: contributed foods from our homes, so there wasn't any real 64 00:04:13,360 --> 00:04:18,680 Speaker 1: grocery shopping, which sounds good and responsible. But these businesses 65 00:04:18,720 --> 00:04:23,680 Speaker 1: in rural America depend on hunter dollars. For example, Aberdeen, 66 00:04:23,760 --> 00:04:26,760 Speaker 1: South Dakota, which is where we're based where this podcast 67 00:04:26,800 --> 00:04:29,320 Speaker 1: is being recorded from right now, is one of the 68 00:04:29,480 --> 00:04:33,320 Speaker 1: self proclaimed pheasant capitals of the world, and they depend 69 00:04:33,520 --> 00:04:36,760 Speaker 1: on hunter dollars. Now, these numbers are loose, so bear 70 00:04:36,839 --> 00:04:41,400 Speaker 1: with me. Aberdeen, South Dakota figured that main street businesses 71 00:04:41,560 --> 00:04:45,480 Speaker 1: we're bringing in around nineteen million dollars per year based 72 00:04:45,680 --> 00:04:50,080 Speaker 1: solely off of pheasant hunters. As hunter numbers changed in 73 00:04:50,160 --> 00:04:53,440 Speaker 1: the area, the number went way down. They made a 74 00:04:53,440 --> 00:04:57,400 Speaker 1: lot less. It hurt businesses and the families associated with 75 00:04:57,440 --> 00:05:00,720 Speaker 1: those businesses. Pheasant numbers had to climb and a bit. 76 00:05:01,160 --> 00:05:04,320 Speaker 1: There was also an increase of land that held pheasants 77 00:05:04,320 --> 00:05:07,839 Speaker 1: but did not allow any access or it was leased 78 00:05:07,839 --> 00:05:11,479 Speaker 1: and blocked off, so a lot of the pheasant hunters 79 00:05:11,600 --> 00:05:14,680 Speaker 1: started skipping over Aberdeen, South Dakota. It just didn't pheasant 80 00:05:14,720 --> 00:05:18,640 Speaker 1: hunt at all. In response to this, the City of Aberdeen, 81 00:05:18,839 --> 00:05:21,560 Speaker 1: with help from Pheasants Forever, formed what is known as 82 00:05:21,600 --> 00:05:26,440 Speaker 1: the Aberdeen Pheasant Coalition, which uses private dollars collectively to 83 00:05:26,600 --> 00:05:29,599 Speaker 1: lease private land from farmers and ranchers in the area 84 00:05:29,880 --> 00:05:34,719 Speaker 1: to provide public access to private ground all walking hunting. 85 00:05:35,040 --> 00:05:37,680 Speaker 1: In their first year, they opened up over four thousand 86 00:05:37,680 --> 00:05:41,120 Speaker 1: acres to pheasant hunters. The program has grown since then 87 00:05:41,560 --> 00:05:45,000 Speaker 1: and it is an effective economic stimulant to the town 88 00:05:45,040 --> 00:05:48,839 Speaker 1: of Aberdeen, South Dakota and the surrounding area. Provide access 89 00:05:48,880 --> 00:05:52,680 Speaker 1: to good ground and the hunters will come. We walked 90 00:05:52,720 --> 00:05:54,920 Speaker 1: a lot of miles, stomped through a lot of thick 91 00:05:55,000 --> 00:05:58,599 Speaker 1: cat tails, worked hard, but we found birds, some of 92 00:05:58,640 --> 00:06:02,000 Speaker 1: which we got shots at. It was great late season 93 00:06:02,040 --> 00:06:05,599 Speaker 1: pheasant hunting, lots of pheasants if you're willing to work, 94 00:06:05,920 --> 00:06:08,160 Speaker 1: which is what it should be like in my opinion. 95 00:06:08,960 --> 00:06:12,520 Speaker 1: Then we went over to Eric Johansson's farm, which is 96 00:06:12,560 --> 00:06:17,240 Speaker 1: your typical farm ranch situation, but they really embrace the 97 00:06:17,480 --> 00:06:22,520 Speaker 1: quote responsible agriculture model. They do a ton of stuff here, 98 00:06:22,520 --> 00:06:25,599 Speaker 1: and I'm only scratching the surface. But they restore deep 99 00:06:25,720 --> 00:06:29,160 Speaker 1: rooted native grasses on their range land, which allows them 100 00:06:29,200 --> 00:06:33,279 Speaker 1: to hold more water. They selectively spray noxious weeds and 101 00:06:33,360 --> 00:06:38,560 Speaker 1: riparian zones, those famous prairie potholes. Then they leave those 102 00:06:38,600 --> 00:06:41,159 Speaker 1: potholes alone instead of trying to farm them when they 103 00:06:41,240 --> 00:06:45,080 Speaker 1: go dry. They keep records to prove that wildlife and 104 00:06:45,120 --> 00:06:49,000 Speaker 1: agriculture can thrive together, and there are plenty of state 105 00:06:49,120 --> 00:06:52,760 Speaker 1: and federal programs that will help farmers work this way. 106 00:06:53,120 --> 00:06:58,040 Speaker 1: There were an unbelievable amount of birds in what Eric 107 00:06:58,080 --> 00:07:02,720 Speaker 1: and his buddy Corey describe as a slow day. The 108 00:07:02,760 --> 00:07:06,400 Speaker 1: cover on the coalition ground, the public access ground is 109 00:07:06,480 --> 00:07:09,039 Speaker 1: cover you would kill for as a pheasant hunter. But 110 00:07:09,279 --> 00:07:13,720 Speaker 1: this place, your hands in the ground had cover plus food, 111 00:07:14,160 --> 00:07:17,960 Speaker 1: plus you know, relatively little hunting pressure, very thought out 112 00:07:18,160 --> 00:07:22,080 Speaker 1: hunting pressure, and there's an undeniable difference. I'd be lying 113 00:07:22,120 --> 00:07:25,440 Speaker 1: if I said it wasn't the case. Then on the 114 00:07:25,520 --> 00:07:28,280 Speaker 1: third day we went to a property pheasants Forever is 115 00:07:28,400 --> 00:07:32,400 Speaker 1: looking to acquire and put into a conservation easeman or 116 00:07:32,480 --> 00:07:35,960 Speaker 1: possibly something a little bit more. It was very different terrain, 117 00:07:36,160 --> 00:07:39,840 Speaker 1: rolling hills, lots of walking, less cover, but the cover 118 00:07:39,960 --> 00:07:44,160 Speaker 1: that was there was really dense, thick cover, and eventually 119 00:07:44,240 --> 00:07:47,400 Speaker 1: we found a lot of birds. Not a lot of shooting, 120 00:07:47,600 --> 00:07:49,680 Speaker 1: but a lot of birds, which now we can get 121 00:07:49,720 --> 00:07:53,760 Speaker 1: into what you really want to know. The snort report. Well, 122 00:07:53,880 --> 00:07:57,800 Speaker 1: Snort a Kiss ran about half speed the first walk 123 00:07:57,840 --> 00:08:01,040 Speaker 1: of the first day, a little unsure of our intentions, 124 00:08:01,080 --> 00:08:05,080 Speaker 1: I think. Then she increased her intensity. We got some 125 00:08:05,120 --> 00:08:08,200 Speaker 1: shots at birds, and she worked even harder. She ran 126 00:08:08,320 --> 00:08:11,760 Speaker 1: all day and was beat the next day when we 127 00:08:11,840 --> 00:08:15,360 Speaker 1: hit the Johansen farm. We had an overwhelming amount of 128 00:08:15,360 --> 00:08:18,480 Speaker 1: pheasants scent to deal with, plus walking through rows of 129 00:08:18,520 --> 00:08:21,280 Speaker 1: corn and sorghum, which was brand new to her. I think, 130 00:08:21,360 --> 00:08:24,840 Speaker 1: like little highway lanes take some practice for those dogs 131 00:08:24,880 --> 00:08:27,560 Speaker 1: to work back and forth and cross the lanes versus 132 00:08:27,600 --> 00:08:31,320 Speaker 1: just running, you know, vertically. She got a little wild, 133 00:08:31,520 --> 00:08:35,600 Speaker 1: but stood her ground pretty darn well on some competitive 134 00:08:35,640 --> 00:08:38,439 Speaker 1: retrieves with big male dogs that do this stuff for 135 00:08:38,440 --> 00:08:42,160 Speaker 1: a living every day. Birds weren't too worse for the 136 00:08:42,160 --> 00:08:46,680 Speaker 1: wear in those slight tug a war situations. Lots of shooting, 137 00:08:46,720 --> 00:08:50,640 Speaker 1: lots of birds, people, dogs, deer busting out of the corn, 138 00:08:51,160 --> 00:08:55,040 Speaker 1: It was a wild scene for a seven month old puppy. 139 00:08:55,240 --> 00:08:58,280 Speaker 1: She didn't just follow other dogs around. She hunted by herself. 140 00:08:58,360 --> 00:09:02,480 Speaker 1: She worked her areas. She did really phenomenally well for 141 00:09:02,600 --> 00:09:06,760 Speaker 1: such a young dog and a brand spanking new, crazy situation. 142 00:09:07,520 --> 00:09:09,800 Speaker 1: And you know, there's some pretty fancy shooting out there. 143 00:09:10,440 --> 00:09:15,000 Speaker 1: I have to say, although skeptical at first, those Carlson's 144 00:09:15,080 --> 00:09:19,559 Speaker 1: choked tubes designed around the Federal Prairie Storm bismuth loads 145 00:09:19,600 --> 00:09:22,920 Speaker 1: are legitimate. I feel like we were spanking those roosters. 146 00:09:23,400 --> 00:09:26,280 Speaker 1: We did have a couple of crippled birds, one of 147 00:09:26,280 --> 00:09:29,240 Speaker 1: which Snort actually took out of the air as it 148 00:09:29,280 --> 00:09:32,280 Speaker 1: was attempting to fly, which was very cool to see. 149 00:09:32,360 --> 00:09:35,560 Speaker 1: But then I think she caught a spur to the face, 150 00:09:35,880 --> 00:09:38,800 Speaker 1: as those roosters do from time to time. I despise 151 00:09:38,840 --> 00:09:42,480 Speaker 1: a flogging rooster. And she dropped that bird and it 152 00:09:42,559 --> 00:09:46,160 Speaker 1: was gone. I couldn't find it, which is not fun 153 00:09:46,200 --> 00:09:48,720 Speaker 1: at all. We always like to think of these old 154 00:09:48,720 --> 00:09:53,480 Speaker 1: wise birds, but the average lifespan of a pheasant is 155 00:09:53,559 --> 00:09:58,040 Speaker 1: fifteen months. They're a short lived bird. But that doesn't matter. 156 00:09:58,200 --> 00:10:00,600 Speaker 1: Losing them sucks. I want I eat. I'm not the 157 00:10:00,600 --> 00:10:04,880 Speaker 1: coyotes then that third day, when the cat tail cover 158 00:10:05,080 --> 00:10:08,560 Speaker 1: was really thick and the birds were slim, that little 159 00:10:08,720 --> 00:10:12,960 Speaker 1: girl dog worked so hard she tore it up. She 160 00:10:13,040 --> 00:10:15,120 Speaker 1: was in the super thick stuff that she was kind 161 00:10:15,120 --> 00:10:18,679 Speaker 1: of hesitant in the first day, and it was extremely 162 00:10:18,720 --> 00:10:22,160 Speaker 1: cool to see. She did retrieve a rooster, which I 163 00:10:22,200 --> 00:10:25,480 Speaker 1: was very happy of because I thought that spur to 164 00:10:25,520 --> 00:10:28,440 Speaker 1: the face may leave a lasting mark. She did look 165 00:10:28,480 --> 00:10:30,679 Speaker 1: slightly hesitant, I'll be honest, but she did pick it 166 00:10:30,760 --> 00:10:33,560 Speaker 1: up and bring them back to me, and then flushed 167 00:10:33,600 --> 00:10:37,560 Speaker 1: sharp tail grouse immediately after and spanked that grouse and 168 00:10:37,679 --> 00:10:42,000 Speaker 1: she brought it back to me too. It was really great, 169 00:10:42,679 --> 00:10:46,520 Speaker 1: and these three different experiences all stacked up together made 170 00:10:46,559 --> 00:10:49,319 Speaker 1: for an absolutely phenomenal trip. I gotta tell you, I'm 171 00:10:49,440 --> 00:10:52,680 Speaker 1: very happy that this dog has had more tough no 172 00:10:52,880 --> 00:10:56,120 Speaker 1: bird days than days when it's all birds all the time, 173 00:10:56,520 --> 00:11:00,400 Speaker 1: like out at the Johnson Place. That was an absolutely 174 00:11:00,440 --> 00:11:02,839 Speaker 1: phenomenal experience. We covered a lot of ground, We did 175 00:11:02,840 --> 00:11:05,760 Speaker 1: a lot of hiking. Those birds are still late season 176 00:11:05,840 --> 00:11:08,800 Speaker 1: birds who have been hunting, and they're they're wild, but 177 00:11:08,880 --> 00:11:12,040 Speaker 1: there's just a lot more of them, so increases your 178 00:11:12,080 --> 00:11:16,320 Speaker 1: opportunity for sure. Incredibly cool onto ducks and geese. I 179 00:11:16,360 --> 00:11:19,400 Speaker 1: believe we'll see what happens with a little snort. Keep 180 00:11:19,400 --> 00:11:24,719 Speaker 1: you posted for sure. Moving on quick hitter from the 181 00:11:24,760 --> 00:11:29,960 Speaker 1: Alternative Foods Desk. So recently I read an article on 182 00:11:30,160 --> 00:11:34,440 Speaker 1: Everybody's Savior, the lab grown meat product soon to be 183 00:11:34,520 --> 00:11:40,079 Speaker 1: released in supermarkets near you. Now. The idea behind this protein, 184 00:11:40,200 --> 00:11:43,400 Speaker 1: this lab grown protein, is that this is going to 185 00:11:43,440 --> 00:11:46,520 Speaker 1: be the golden goose that frees us all from the 186 00:11:46,559 --> 00:11:51,640 Speaker 1: global warming causing green house gas emissions associated with commercial 187 00:11:52,120 --> 00:11:55,480 Speaker 1: meat production. Everybody knows my thoughts on this. We've covered 188 00:11:55,520 --> 00:11:59,920 Speaker 1: this many times. I feel like anything that furthers the 189 00:12:00,040 --> 00:12:05,760 Speaker 1: gap between meat and the land is a bad thing. Eventually, 190 00:12:05,960 --> 00:12:09,000 Speaker 1: folks are gonna not know that meat came from the 191 00:12:09,120 --> 00:12:12,040 Speaker 1: land and therefore not care about the land. And I 192 00:12:12,120 --> 00:12:14,320 Speaker 1: care a great deal about the land. You may have 193 00:12:14,360 --> 00:12:17,080 Speaker 1: picked that up from previous episodes, but you guys don't 194 00:12:17,120 --> 00:12:19,800 Speaker 1: need to hear about that. So I brought in two 195 00:12:20,120 --> 00:12:24,640 Speaker 1: special guests, Brad Leone who will introduce himself in a 196 00:12:24,720 --> 00:12:27,640 Speaker 1: much more appropriate way than I can, and Brian Merkel, 197 00:12:27,840 --> 00:12:32,200 Speaker 1: who will also introduce himself. Hey guys, I'm Brad Leoni 198 00:12:32,280 --> 00:12:34,959 Speaker 1: from Bone appetite and uh, really excited to be here 199 00:12:35,040 --> 00:12:39,240 Speaker 1: chatting with Ryan Callahan about lab grown meat. For me, 200 00:12:39,400 --> 00:12:41,720 Speaker 1: there's a lot of topics that come up off of it. 201 00:12:41,920 --> 00:12:44,440 Speaker 1: One of them that you know, that came to my 202 00:12:44,600 --> 00:12:48,160 Speaker 1: mind in conversation with Ryan up here where we're up 203 00:12:48,160 --> 00:12:51,800 Speaker 1: here bird hunting in in South Dakota, which is awesome 204 00:12:52,200 --> 00:12:54,640 Speaker 1: and one of the things that came up to my 205 00:12:54,720 --> 00:12:57,400 Speaker 1: mind when we were chatting about it, amongst many topics 206 00:12:57,559 --> 00:13:01,880 Speaker 1: was the idea of a market where it all all 207 00:13:01,880 --> 00:13:04,480 Speaker 1: of a sudden, there is a product and it becomes 208 00:13:04,559 --> 00:13:09,120 Speaker 1: very lucrative and there's a monetary incentive to create this product. 209 00:13:09,480 --> 00:13:11,839 Speaker 1: One of the many ideas that excites me about lab 210 00:13:11,880 --> 00:13:15,120 Speaker 1: grown meat is the accountability for it. Right. So it's 211 00:13:15,160 --> 00:13:19,359 Speaker 1: like a lab there's certain ingredients, are the best ingredients, 212 00:13:19,440 --> 00:13:23,120 Speaker 1: is the best whatever you name it making this new product, 213 00:13:23,160 --> 00:13:25,480 Speaker 1: which is a lab grown meat, and that that can 214 00:13:25,520 --> 00:13:29,280 Speaker 1: be theoretically, to me in my mind, a beautiful thing. 215 00:13:29,760 --> 00:13:33,360 Speaker 1: But if history has shown us anything, it is in 216 00:13:33,520 --> 00:13:36,600 Speaker 1: that opportunity, in this new rise of a star, of 217 00:13:36,640 --> 00:13:42,160 Speaker 1: a new potential society, changing product becomes a new opportunity 218 00:13:42,160 --> 00:13:45,440 Speaker 1: for people to make knockoffs. Right, So like a great 219 00:13:45,800 --> 00:13:48,600 Speaker 1: comparison that I I brought up with that to me, 220 00:13:48,840 --> 00:13:53,240 Speaker 1: it helps me understand it is the legal marijuana category. Right, 221 00:13:53,280 --> 00:13:57,560 Speaker 1: So it's like I enjoy marijuana, and I enjoy the 222 00:13:57,720 --> 00:14:03,000 Speaker 1: idea of reputable grower and facility and knowing that I'm 223 00:14:03,040 --> 00:14:06,720 Speaker 1: going to get from seed to plant to bud whatever, 224 00:14:06,920 --> 00:14:11,160 Speaker 1: an accountable, beautiful, trust and clean product. And if I 225 00:14:11,200 --> 00:14:13,480 Speaker 1: can get that in beef, whether it's on a land 226 00:14:13,960 --> 00:14:16,679 Speaker 1: or grown in a lab, that's something that that that 227 00:14:16,720 --> 00:14:20,720 Speaker 1: interests me. Now what scares me is just like the metal, 228 00:14:20,880 --> 00:14:24,640 Speaker 1: just like the marijuana category or field of department, is 229 00:14:25,080 --> 00:14:27,560 Speaker 1: the idea that a lot of people see that and 230 00:14:27,760 --> 00:14:31,520 Speaker 1: see that for an opportunity for cheap imitations, for knockoffs. 231 00:14:31,520 --> 00:14:34,600 Speaker 1: So and I'm no doubt in my mind other than 232 00:14:34,640 --> 00:14:38,160 Speaker 1: the hurdles of it being probably expensive. If there's one 233 00:14:38,200 --> 00:14:40,880 Speaker 1: thing you know people are brilliant at is it's it's 234 00:14:40,960 --> 00:14:43,600 Speaker 1: innovation on the fly, especially when there's money involved. So 235 00:14:44,000 --> 00:14:47,600 Speaker 1: my point to get to it is, I'm scared of 236 00:14:47,640 --> 00:14:50,720 Speaker 1: people coming out with dirty lab meats where it's grown 237 00:14:51,320 --> 00:14:57,880 Speaker 1: in a subpar laboratory with subpar scientists, with subpar chemical components, 238 00:14:58,040 --> 00:15:00,920 Speaker 1: and you're gonna get what in a package looks just 239 00:15:01,080 --> 00:15:04,440 Speaker 1: like what we all want from this new thing, But 240 00:15:04,520 --> 00:15:08,400 Speaker 1: we're getting a flooded market with something that is potentially 241 00:15:08,480 --> 00:15:11,880 Speaker 1: dangerous and not what this vision is all about. And 242 00:15:11,920 --> 00:15:14,400 Speaker 1: just like anything, that is something that I think hopefully 243 00:15:14,440 --> 00:15:18,680 Speaker 1: that doesn't happen. But being a consumer and being a 244 00:15:18,680 --> 00:15:21,240 Speaker 1: citizen and a person, I think that of the world 245 00:15:21,960 --> 00:15:24,480 Speaker 1: it is our duty to also call that out and 246 00:15:24,560 --> 00:15:27,560 Speaker 1: keep an eye on it. So hopefully lab grown meat 247 00:15:27,720 --> 00:15:32,160 Speaker 1: can become a nice addition to take a little bit 248 00:15:32,200 --> 00:15:36,280 Speaker 1: of pressure off of ranchers and traditional beef methods. And 249 00:15:36,520 --> 00:15:39,040 Speaker 1: to Calahan's point, you know, I don't think it is 250 00:15:39,560 --> 00:15:42,200 Speaker 1: a race at all, you know, I I think there's 251 00:15:42,240 --> 00:15:44,640 Speaker 1: a beauty in the middle. Let's, you know, let's let's 252 00:15:44,680 --> 00:15:46,520 Speaker 1: take some pressure off it. Let's get rid of some 253 00:15:46,560 --> 00:15:48,800 Speaker 1: of the old systems that are in place around beef 254 00:15:48,840 --> 00:15:52,240 Speaker 1: that are ugly, and use this tool to help alleviate 255 00:15:52,320 --> 00:15:55,840 Speaker 1: and and release some of that pressure. But like anything, 256 00:15:55,920 --> 00:15:58,400 Speaker 1: I'm excited about it, and um I see a lot 257 00:15:58,400 --> 00:16:00,880 Speaker 1: of positive potential in it. Up with that comes a 258 00:16:00,880 --> 00:16:04,800 Speaker 1: lot of responsibility and and trust. So hopefully, uh, hopefully 259 00:16:04,840 --> 00:16:10,040 Speaker 1: we do the right thing. Hi, my name is Brian Merkele. 260 00:16:10,120 --> 00:16:13,800 Speaker 1: I'm a butcher up into Minnesota. I work for business 261 00:16:13,800 --> 00:16:18,560 Speaker 1: called Wiker Acres and we raise heritage breed pigs and 262 00:16:19,520 --> 00:16:23,320 Speaker 1: grass fed grass finished beef, and we have a business 263 00:16:23,360 --> 00:16:27,080 Speaker 1: where we are the farmers, butchers and the chefs and 264 00:16:27,760 --> 00:16:32,040 Speaker 1: like to deliver boxes with all of these delicious items 265 00:16:32,160 --> 00:16:36,320 Speaker 1: direct to people's homes as well as some regional wholesale business. 266 00:16:37,240 --> 00:16:41,320 Speaker 1: And I've followed the lab grown meat now for a 267 00:16:41,320 --> 00:16:45,600 Speaker 1: while and to me, it's very concerning because I believe 268 00:16:45,680 --> 00:16:48,920 Speaker 1: that there is a lot of momentum building UH and 269 00:16:49,080 --> 00:16:51,520 Speaker 1: consumer culture where people are willing to pay more for 270 00:16:51,600 --> 00:16:55,400 Speaker 1: meat and are very environmentally conscious with the way that 271 00:16:55,440 --> 00:16:58,000 Speaker 1: they're shopping for food. And what scares me is that 272 00:16:58,040 --> 00:17:01,000 Speaker 1: people are going to stop supporting small farm arms and 273 00:17:01,080 --> 00:17:05,440 Speaker 1: start buying lab grown meat from some big corporation. And 274 00:17:05,760 --> 00:17:08,560 Speaker 1: if lab grown meat was just cutting into the segment 275 00:17:08,640 --> 00:17:12,600 Speaker 1: of factory, industrial farmed meat, that to me would be 276 00:17:12,640 --> 00:17:15,320 Speaker 1: a good thing. But you know, my goal is to 277 00:17:15,359 --> 00:17:21,600 Speaker 1: continue growing business that's supporting small farms that are farming sustainably. 278 00:17:22,160 --> 00:17:24,240 Speaker 1: To continue with that, I think that there's a lot 279 00:17:24,240 --> 00:17:28,159 Speaker 1: of flavors of the week as far as environmental sustainability 280 00:17:28,560 --> 00:17:33,080 Speaker 1: focused food items go and lab grown meat. To me, 281 00:17:33,160 --> 00:17:36,320 Speaker 1: it's posing as solving this problem, but really it's just 282 00:17:36,359 --> 00:17:39,120 Speaker 1: another way for people to make a lot of money 283 00:17:39,160 --> 00:17:43,440 Speaker 1: in the grocery store, and that scares me. I guess 284 00:17:43,440 --> 00:17:48,000 Speaker 1: I'm also curious because, Okay, how how successful is lab 285 00:17:48,080 --> 00:17:51,760 Speaker 1: grown meat can become? And is it capable of completely 286 00:17:51,880 --> 00:17:55,600 Speaker 1: wiping out like industrial beef production and opening up all 287 00:17:55,640 --> 00:18:00,000 Speaker 1: of that land and resources for other use. And maybe 288 00:18:00,119 --> 00:18:04,440 Speaker 1: if that's the case, then small sustainable farms that are 289 00:18:05,080 --> 00:18:10,520 Speaker 1: are working with environmentally stable practices or you know a 290 00:18:10,560 --> 00:18:14,200 Speaker 1: lot of these cases actually like a carbon negative operation. 291 00:18:15,119 --> 00:18:17,800 Speaker 1: Does that give them more room where they're they're like 292 00:18:18,040 --> 00:18:22,119 Speaker 1: only real meat that's available. I guess that seems like 293 00:18:22,200 --> 00:18:24,960 Speaker 1: kind of a dream, but I mean convinced me that 294 00:18:24,960 --> 00:18:27,960 Speaker 1: that's a possibility, and maybe I'll buy some stuck in 295 00:18:28,000 --> 00:18:32,040 Speaker 1: this tube meat stuff. I don't know. We got a 296 00:18:32,200 --> 00:18:37,560 Speaker 1: meat producer and meet educator having uh, some questions and 297 00:18:37,680 --> 00:18:41,080 Speaker 1: some thoughts and you know, and then just me somebody 298 00:18:41,119 --> 00:18:45,480 Speaker 1: likes to eat and truthfully likes to acquire meat. The 299 00:18:45,520 --> 00:18:49,800 Speaker 1: interesting point that both of these characters brought up is 300 00:18:50,320 --> 00:18:53,680 Speaker 1: what is this actually going to replace what is lab 301 00:18:53,680 --> 00:18:56,960 Speaker 1: grown meat actually going to replace? And if it does 302 00:18:57,080 --> 00:19:02,400 Speaker 1: replace something, what happens to the void that it creates? Again, 303 00:19:02,440 --> 00:19:05,600 Speaker 1: to tie this back to the land and my strong 304 00:19:05,960 --> 00:19:09,560 Speaker 1: opinion the hat if folks like to eat, they know 305 00:19:09,640 --> 00:19:12,320 Speaker 1: that that food that they're eating has come from the land, 306 00:19:12,359 --> 00:19:16,040 Speaker 1: and therefore they should support protect and preserve land. If 307 00:19:16,080 --> 00:19:18,920 Speaker 1: that goes away, what happens to that land, If that's 308 00:19:18,920 --> 00:19:22,199 Speaker 1: no longer land that is in food production, does it 309 00:19:22,240 --> 00:19:25,480 Speaker 1: then go into a bunch of little cookie cutter type 310 00:19:25,520 --> 00:19:28,200 Speaker 1: of home productions. Because I'm not for that. We need 311 00:19:28,240 --> 00:19:31,439 Speaker 1: more pollinators, more ungulates, even if you don't eat them, 312 00:19:31,480 --> 00:19:34,040 Speaker 1: they're fun to look at. We're gonna chock this up 313 00:19:34,080 --> 00:19:42,680 Speaker 1: in the opinion desk at Col's weaken review. Moving on 314 00:19:42,920 --> 00:19:46,200 Speaker 1: to the damn desk, There's been some good news coming 315 00:19:46,200 --> 00:19:48,760 Speaker 1: out of the Klamath River basin in California and Oregon, 316 00:19:49,160 --> 00:19:51,560 Speaker 1: but when it comes to water in the American West, 317 00:19:51,880 --> 00:19:56,160 Speaker 1: all news is complicated news. First, let's get to the good. 318 00:19:56,800 --> 00:19:59,040 Speaker 1: All the groups who need to agree on the terms 319 00:19:59,040 --> 00:20:02,119 Speaker 1: of removing for were dams across the Klamath River have 320 00:20:02,320 --> 00:20:05,760 Speaker 1: finally done so this would be the biggest dam removal 321 00:20:05,800 --> 00:20:09,320 Speaker 1: project in American history and removing these dams as a 322 00:20:09,400 --> 00:20:12,960 Speaker 1: huge wind. They were built between ninetelve and nineteen sixty 323 00:20:12,960 --> 00:20:16,960 Speaker 1: four to generate electricity and to help control flooding, both 324 00:20:16,960 --> 00:20:21,000 Speaker 1: of which are good things. Unfortunately, the dams have also 325 00:20:21,119 --> 00:20:25,520 Speaker 1: caused huge problems, including almost completely blocking salmon and other 326 00:20:25,640 --> 00:20:28,679 Speaker 1: fish from swimming up river to spawn. Even when the 327 00:20:28,680 --> 00:20:30,760 Speaker 1: fish can manage to get up and down the river, 328 00:20:31,040 --> 00:20:34,520 Speaker 1: they often get packed together in big groups behind the dams, 329 00:20:34,600 --> 00:20:38,840 Speaker 1: which allows parasites to spread easily and have caused massive 330 00:20:38,920 --> 00:20:42,040 Speaker 1: die offs. That's bad news for the fish, bad news 331 00:20:42,040 --> 00:20:45,000 Speaker 1: for US anglers, bad news for all the other organisms 332 00:20:45,040 --> 00:20:48,440 Speaker 1: that depend on those fish making their way inland, and 333 00:20:48,680 --> 00:20:51,159 Speaker 1: bad news for the Native American tribes whose way of 334 00:20:51,200 --> 00:20:55,439 Speaker 1: life revolves in large part around this migration. And in 335 00:20:55,520 --> 00:20:59,880 Speaker 1: recent decades, the benefits of these particular dams have been shrinking. 336 00:21:00,359 --> 00:21:03,080 Speaker 1: They're getting old, they don't produce as much power as 337 00:21:03,080 --> 00:21:06,399 Speaker 1: they used to, and they're expensive to maintain. So you 338 00:21:06,480 --> 00:21:08,919 Speaker 1: might ask, if the problems are so clear in the 339 00:21:08,960 --> 00:21:11,919 Speaker 1: benefits so few, shouldn't it be easy to get rid 340 00:21:11,960 --> 00:21:15,879 Speaker 1: of them? Sure, Growing a boat loaded with TNT to 341 00:21:15,920 --> 00:21:17,800 Speaker 1: the base of each of these damns and letting her 342 00:21:17,880 --> 00:21:21,080 Speaker 1: rip would be simple, probably cost effective, and you could 343 00:21:21,080 --> 00:21:27,000 Speaker 1: sell tickets for the show. I'd probably be first in line. 344 00:21:27,440 --> 00:21:31,359 Speaker 1: But removing them responsibly is slow and extremely expensive, and 345 00:21:31,600 --> 00:21:34,639 Speaker 1: deciding who pays for that is a major sticking point. 346 00:21:35,000 --> 00:21:37,080 Speaker 1: And if you built the beautiful house thread on the 347 00:21:37,119 --> 00:21:40,359 Speaker 1: water above one of these dams, once the damns go away, 348 00:21:40,960 --> 00:21:45,800 Speaker 1: your waterfront property would not be so waterfront property. All 349 00:21:45,920 --> 00:21:49,000 Speaker 1: this is meant that the fight around removing these dams 350 00:21:49,080 --> 00:21:52,119 Speaker 1: has lasted for more than twenty years. But now the 351 00:21:52,160 --> 00:21:55,320 Speaker 1: states of California and Oregon, and the owner of the dams, 352 00:21:55,359 --> 00:21:58,000 Speaker 1: Pacific Corps, the Native American tribes in the area, the 353 00:21:58,040 --> 00:22:01,680 Speaker 1: nonprofit entity created to oversee the removal, and the Federal 354 00:22:01,920 --> 00:22:06,159 Speaker 1: Energy Regulatory Commission, have all signed an agreement green lighting 355 00:22:06,160 --> 00:22:11,560 Speaker 1: the project. Demolition could begin by Similar dam removals have 356 00:22:11,640 --> 00:22:14,560 Speaker 1: been happening all across the country in recent years, and 357 00:22:14,640 --> 00:22:19,200 Speaker 1: fish recovery has been observed with many of them almost immediately. 358 00:22:19,720 --> 00:22:23,320 Speaker 1: That's the good news, but still not everyone is happy. 359 00:22:23,680 --> 00:22:27,120 Speaker 1: Imagine that even though the four dams in question don't 360 00:22:27,160 --> 00:22:32,280 Speaker 1: provide agricultural irrigation, farmers have been watching this agreement with concern. 361 00:22:32,760 --> 00:22:35,800 Speaker 1: In recent decisions about when and where to release water 362 00:22:35,920 --> 00:22:39,000 Speaker 1: from other dams in the Klamath Basin, the benefits for 363 00:22:39,040 --> 00:22:42,600 Speaker 1: fish populations have been put ahead of the needs of farmers, 364 00:22:42,800 --> 00:22:46,000 Speaker 1: and they've been caught without water when they've needed it most. 365 00:22:46,760 --> 00:22:49,760 Speaker 1: If fish recovery is so high on the list of priorities, 366 00:22:50,040 --> 00:22:52,720 Speaker 1: will people want to take down the other dams in 367 00:22:52,720 --> 00:22:56,480 Speaker 1: the area that create a consistent water supply for agriculture. 368 00:22:57,160 --> 00:23:00,399 Speaker 1: Just as we all value eating fish, we can't forget 369 00:23:00,440 --> 00:23:02,800 Speaker 1: the farms that gave us so many other things to eat. 370 00:23:03,280 --> 00:23:06,679 Speaker 1: And this is just scratching the surface of the complexity 371 00:23:06,680 --> 00:23:10,200 Speaker 1: and conflict of managing water all over the West. It's 372 00:23:10,240 --> 00:23:14,080 Speaker 1: no mistake that one of the best movies ever made, Chinatown, 373 00:23:14,520 --> 00:23:17,920 Speaker 1: is about water rights. In California, people kill each other 374 00:23:18,080 --> 00:23:22,240 Speaker 1: over this stuff, As with well basically everything in life. 375 00:23:22,400 --> 00:23:26,040 Speaker 1: There is no perfectly good or perfectly bad. Hydro Electric 376 00:23:26,119 --> 00:23:30,080 Speaker 1: dams produce clean electricity. If we're ever going to generate 377 00:23:30,119 --> 00:23:33,480 Speaker 1: all the energy we need without runaway climate change, we're 378 00:23:33,520 --> 00:23:37,280 Speaker 1: going to be faced with tough decisions. Consider nuclear power. 379 00:23:37,800 --> 00:23:41,760 Speaker 1: It's dependable, carbon free, doesn't depend on foreign countries to 380 00:23:41,840 --> 00:23:45,679 Speaker 1: supply or run and disposal of the waste is getting 381 00:23:45,720 --> 00:23:49,840 Speaker 1: better and better. But when things go wrong, they go 382 00:23:50,240 --> 00:23:53,240 Speaker 1: very wrong, as the people of Russia and Japan can 383 00:23:53,280 --> 00:23:56,640 Speaker 1: tell you. And don't forget three Mile Island. And if 384 00:23:56,640 --> 00:23:59,320 Speaker 1: you think an aging dam is expensive to take down, 385 00:23:59,720 --> 00:24:02,040 Speaker 1: you should see the costs of demolishing hanging out of 386 00:24:02,119 --> 00:24:06,959 Speaker 1: date nuclear power plant. But what are the alternatives? So 387 00:24:07,200 --> 00:24:09,439 Speaker 1: in the here and now, let's cheer the removal of 388 00:24:09,480 --> 00:24:11,879 Speaker 1: these four dams along the klam With. It's gonna be 389 00:24:11,960 --> 00:24:15,240 Speaker 1: great for fish and for people. It's gonna supply some jobs. 390 00:24:15,640 --> 00:24:18,080 Speaker 1: But we're never going to find a silver bullet for 391 00:24:18,119 --> 00:24:21,919 Speaker 1: these kinds of problems. As we keep going with balancing 392 00:24:21,960 --> 00:24:24,520 Speaker 1: conservation and the needs of people, we have to keep 393 00:24:24,560 --> 00:24:29,440 Speaker 1: our wits about us and our pro nuance ANTIBS detectors 394 00:24:29,760 --> 00:24:33,480 Speaker 1: turned all the way up. Forget Jake, it's China Town. 395 00:24:34,720 --> 00:24:37,439 Speaker 1: If you don't give a damn about that one. Here's 396 00:24:37,440 --> 00:24:40,680 Speaker 1: the next, and it's a hot Tamali from the Southwest. 397 00:24:41,040 --> 00:24:46,800 Speaker 1: Courtesy the National Park Service, Brown trout hunters Sharpen your hooks. 398 00:24:47,280 --> 00:24:50,600 Speaker 1: Bounties on browns from Lee's Ferry through Grand Canyon National 399 00:24:50,680 --> 00:24:54,119 Speaker 1: Park are being set in place and open for the taking, 400 00:24:54,840 --> 00:24:58,040 Speaker 1: you know, bounties on brown trout because they're non native. 401 00:24:58,840 --> 00:25:01,560 Speaker 1: Let's say you're taking the whole clan cross country on 402 00:25:01,600 --> 00:25:05,480 Speaker 1: the Great American road Trip. Clerk. Well, even the last 403 00:25:05,520 --> 00:25:08,520 Speaker 1: true family man knows that while getting there is half 404 00:25:08,560 --> 00:25:12,400 Speaker 1: the fun, it's expensive, which is why you should add 405 00:25:12,440 --> 00:25:16,160 Speaker 1: a little angling to the family itinerary. The National Park 406 00:25:16,240 --> 00:25:20,000 Speaker 1: Service is paying twenty five dollars per brown trout head 407 00:25:20,400 --> 00:25:24,160 Speaker 1: on any brown trout over six inches. And here's where 408 00:25:24,160 --> 00:25:27,840 Speaker 1: we get to play the popular game of So you 409 00:25:27,920 --> 00:25:33,959 Speaker 1: want to be a conservationist, do you? And what exactly 410 00:25:34,000 --> 00:25:37,879 Speaker 1: does that mean in this situation, Well, it's as murky 411 00:25:38,119 --> 00:25:41,480 Speaker 1: as the Colorado if you want to start from the beginning. 412 00:25:41,760 --> 00:25:45,240 Speaker 1: According to the National Park Service, this desert river held 413 00:25:45,280 --> 00:25:49,399 Speaker 1: no trout of any kind, suckers pike minto carp chubs 414 00:25:49,400 --> 00:25:52,800 Speaker 1: where the native inhabitants. From its headwaters in the mountains 415 00:25:52,800 --> 00:25:56,119 Speaker 1: of Colorado and Wyoming, the river drops more than two 416 00:25:56,119 --> 00:25:59,320 Speaker 1: miles on a sevent hundred mile journey to the Gulf 417 00:25:59,320 --> 00:26:02,359 Speaker 1: of California. This is from the National Park Service website. 418 00:26:02,680 --> 00:26:05,880 Speaker 1: The water becomes thick with sediment as it passes through 419 00:26:05,880 --> 00:26:09,240 Speaker 1: the Red Rock canyons, of the Colorado Plateau, and seasonal 420 00:26:09,280 --> 00:26:13,560 Speaker 1: flow varies greatly. Before dams were built, flows ranged from 421 00:26:13,560 --> 00:26:16,920 Speaker 1: a few thousand cubic feet per second to nearly four 422 00:26:17,040 --> 00:26:22,520 Speaker 1: hundred thousand cubic feet per second. That's a big fluctuation. Historically, 423 00:26:22,560 --> 00:26:26,479 Speaker 1: only fourteen species of fish inhabited the Upper Colorado River basin, 424 00:26:26,840 --> 00:26:30,520 Speaker 1: but over forty non native species have been added since 425 00:26:30,560 --> 00:26:34,159 Speaker 1: the late eighteen hundreds. The native fish species and canyon 426 00:26:34,240 --> 00:26:37,920 Speaker 1: lands are primarily carpet minnows and suckers, and many are 427 00:26:37,920 --> 00:26:43,080 Speaker 1: not found anywhere else. These include the Colorado pike, minnow, razorback, 428 00:26:43,200 --> 00:26:46,159 Speaker 1: and flannel mouth sucker, as well as the humpback and 429 00:26:46,240 --> 00:26:50,840 Speaker 1: bonytail chub. One study at the confluence and canyon lands 430 00:26:51,080 --> 00:26:55,679 Speaker 1: found nine of the fish found were non native. Carpet 431 00:26:55,760 --> 00:26:59,280 Speaker 1: and channel catfish are the most commonly seen the invasive 432 00:26:59,280 --> 00:27:02,000 Speaker 1: carper native to Asia, and we're hailed as the greatest 433 00:27:02,000 --> 00:27:04,480 Speaker 1: food fish ever by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries 434 00:27:04,520 --> 00:27:07,640 Speaker 1: at the time. Catfish are known to eat the young 435 00:27:07,840 --> 00:27:10,840 Speaker 1: of several native species and have played a significant role 436 00:27:10,880 --> 00:27:14,080 Speaker 1: in the decline of native fish populations in the past 437 00:27:14,119 --> 00:27:18,520 Speaker 1: few decades. The Colorado pike, mentow razorback, sucker, humpback, and 438 00:27:18,560 --> 00:27:23,720 Speaker 1: bony tailed chub have all been listed as endangered species. Which, 439 00:27:23,840 --> 00:27:27,040 Speaker 1: if this doesn't sound exciting to you, let's just talk 440 00:27:27,080 --> 00:27:31,840 Speaker 1: about this Colorado pike minnow a k the Colorado salmon 441 00:27:32,119 --> 00:27:35,560 Speaker 1: for a minute. Prior to the damns, this was the 442 00:27:35,720 --> 00:27:40,880 Speaker 1: kingfish in the river. Pike minnow everywhere are voracious eaters 443 00:27:41,119 --> 00:27:45,040 Speaker 1: and in my opinion, make darned fine savicha. If you 444 00:27:45,080 --> 00:27:48,520 Speaker 1: are a sport fisher person one who likes a good fight, 445 00:27:48,960 --> 00:27:52,199 Speaker 1: the pike mento will put a serious bend in a 446 00:27:52,240 --> 00:27:55,840 Speaker 1: seven weight fly rod and smash streamers when they are 447 00:27:55,880 --> 00:27:58,879 Speaker 1: on their spawning beds in the spring. If you have 448 00:27:59,000 --> 00:28:02,320 Speaker 1: ever tied in to a sizeable pike minnow, you know 449 00:28:02,400 --> 00:28:06,840 Speaker 1: what I'm talking about. Now, imagine you tie into one 450 00:28:07,240 --> 00:28:11,040 Speaker 1: that is six ft long and over one hundred pounds. 451 00:28:11,760 --> 00:28:13,520 Speaker 1: Not a fish I want to tangle with on the 452 00:28:13,520 --> 00:28:17,720 Speaker 1: fly Again. Prior to the damning of the Colorado one 453 00:28:17,760 --> 00:28:20,960 Speaker 1: of the means of take the methods for catching this fish. 454 00:28:21,040 --> 00:28:24,720 Speaker 1: The Colorado pike minnow during their annual spawning run, which 455 00:28:24,720 --> 00:28:27,359 Speaker 1: could have been as long as two hundred miles through 456 00:28:27,359 --> 00:28:31,480 Speaker 1: the famous Colorado Whitewater was attaching a baited hook to 457 00:28:31,600 --> 00:28:34,040 Speaker 1: a rope, the other end of the rope to the 458 00:28:34,080 --> 00:28:37,840 Speaker 1: pickup truck, and when that pike mentow latched on, you 459 00:28:38,000 --> 00:28:42,360 Speaker 1: drove the truck away from the river. Sounds like an 460 00:28:42,360 --> 00:28:46,760 Speaker 1: exciting and unique technique, right, something out of that show 461 00:28:46,920 --> 00:28:49,880 Speaker 1: River Monsters. But instead of traveling like all the way 462 00:28:49,880 --> 00:28:52,720 Speaker 1: to the Amazon and fighting bugs and malaria, you could 463 00:28:52,760 --> 00:28:55,320 Speaker 1: have gone to the Arizona Desert and just pack sunscreen. 464 00:28:56,200 --> 00:28:59,640 Speaker 1: We traded this fish, which is currently on the endangered 465 00:28:59,640 --> 00:29:04,240 Speaker 1: species list, for a rainbow trout, which, as we've covered 466 00:29:04,240 --> 00:29:06,960 Speaker 1: many times here on the Weekend Review, you can literally 467 00:29:06,960 --> 00:29:09,800 Speaker 1: go anywhere on the planet and find a rainbow trout 468 00:29:09,880 --> 00:29:13,800 Speaker 1: filet to consume. Anywhere inhabited by people on the planet, 469 00:29:14,040 --> 00:29:17,160 Speaker 1: you can find a rainbow trout to fish for in 470 00:29:17,200 --> 00:29:22,720 Speaker 1: some fashion. Minus you know, Antarctica, the Colorado was a wild, 471 00:29:23,160 --> 00:29:27,600 Speaker 1: disrespectful river that didn't allow people to irrigate or habitate 472 00:29:27,680 --> 00:29:31,080 Speaker 1: next to her easily. So we damned it over and 473 00:29:31,160 --> 00:29:35,400 Speaker 1: over again. Hundreds of dams on the tributaries and fifteen 474 00:29:35,600 --> 00:29:38,320 Speaker 1: on her main stem. And yeah, I said her. We 475 00:29:38,400 --> 00:29:42,640 Speaker 1: apply the feminine to water often, don't you know. Anyway, 476 00:29:42,720 --> 00:29:47,320 Speaker 1: the point is, how do we justify endangering multiple species 477 00:29:47,520 --> 00:29:50,680 Speaker 1: putting a bounty that one could argue as arbitrary on 478 00:29:50,720 --> 00:29:53,880 Speaker 1: a brown trout only over six inches to enhance a 479 00:29:53,960 --> 00:29:58,080 Speaker 1: fishery that shouldn't exist for a species benefit, that is 480 00:29:58,160 --> 00:30:03,080 Speaker 1: the trout equivalent of these white bread Well, because we 481 00:30:03,160 --> 00:30:07,680 Speaker 1: wanted to their fun. Anglers demand them because they're catchable, 482 00:30:08,360 --> 00:30:12,920 Speaker 1: and we anglers have proven that's what we want, I guess. 483 00:30:14,240 --> 00:30:18,960 Speaker 1: Moving on to the anthropology desk, and this one from 484 00:30:18,960 --> 00:30:22,240 Speaker 1: a rock art site that researchers have known about for years, 485 00:30:22,720 --> 00:30:26,320 Speaker 1: the Pinwheel Cave in southern California, which gets its name 486 00:30:26,360 --> 00:30:29,400 Speaker 1: from an ancient spiral design drawn in red ochre on 487 00:30:29,440 --> 00:30:32,800 Speaker 1: the cave ceiling. After further expiration in the cave, a 488 00:30:32,840 --> 00:30:36,680 Speaker 1: team of archaeologists recently found four hundred year old bundles 489 00:30:36,680 --> 00:30:39,720 Speaker 1: of flowers from the native to toura plant packed into 490 00:30:39,800 --> 00:30:42,880 Speaker 1: crevices in the rock. To Toura is known as an 491 00:30:42,880 --> 00:30:46,720 Speaker 1: extremely strong hallucinogen, and tooth marks were found under a 492 00:30:46,760 --> 00:30:51,080 Speaker 1: microscope on these particular bundles, providing very strong evidence for 493 00:30:51,120 --> 00:30:54,280 Speaker 1: the idea that the native chew Mash people use the 494 00:30:54,320 --> 00:30:59,360 Speaker 1: cave for spiritual practice, involving to toura fueled visions. The 495 00:30:59,440 --> 00:31:03,200 Speaker 1: find of the plant bundles is even more interesting because 496 00:31:03,240 --> 00:31:07,000 Speaker 1: the spiral structure of the tour of flower almost precisely 497 00:31:07,120 --> 00:31:11,520 Speaker 1: matches the design painted on the cave itself, leading archaeologists 498 00:31:11,560 --> 00:31:15,920 Speaker 1: to theorize that the painting not only depicts the hallucinogenic plant, 499 00:31:16,280 --> 00:31:20,440 Speaker 1: but also that the spiral may resemble the visual experience 500 00:31:20,480 --> 00:31:23,840 Speaker 1: of a person under the influence of the plant. The 501 00:31:24,000 --> 00:31:26,440 Speaker 1: archaeological finds in the rest of the cave make this 502 00:31:26,560 --> 00:31:31,720 Speaker 1: vision questing seem, if anything, less mysterious evidence of cooking 503 00:31:31,840 --> 00:31:35,280 Speaker 1: and habitation. It seems that the visions experienced in the 504 00:31:35,360 --> 00:31:38,360 Speaker 1: cave weren't removed or hidden from the rest of life, 505 00:31:38,720 --> 00:31:43,640 Speaker 1: but rather an integrated part of society. Interesting how history 506 00:31:43,680 --> 00:31:47,960 Speaker 1: comes around, isn't. Hallucinogens are now, of course, starting to 507 00:31:48,000 --> 00:31:52,040 Speaker 1: pop up on state initiatives and open for voting, Colorado, 508 00:31:52,360 --> 00:32:02,000 Speaker 1: I'm looking at you in a kind of slightly spiralized way. 509 00:32:03,120 --> 00:32:09,520 Speaker 1: Moving on down to the Colombian Amazon rainforest, where last 510 00:32:09,600 --> 00:32:12,800 Speaker 1: year archaeologists and covered what may be one of those 511 00:32:12,840 --> 00:32:16,400 Speaker 1: most important ancient art sites in the world. Tens of 512 00:32:16,440 --> 00:32:19,600 Speaker 1: thousands of elaborate paintings so many that the site has 513 00:32:19,640 --> 00:32:23,960 Speaker 1: been nicknamed the Sistine Chapel of the Ancients. The find 514 00:32:24,080 --> 00:32:27,000 Speaker 1: was just made public in the last few weeks. The 515 00:32:27,040 --> 00:32:30,360 Speaker 1: paintings were made at least twelve thousand, five hundred years ago. 516 00:32:30,840 --> 00:32:33,840 Speaker 1: The reason we know this isn't because of carbon dating. 517 00:32:34,280 --> 00:32:36,760 Speaker 1: All of these paintings were also made from red ochre, 518 00:32:36,960 --> 00:32:40,280 Speaker 1: a mineral that contains no carbon, which you know makes 519 00:32:40,280 --> 00:32:43,120 Speaker 1: it hard to carbon date. But we still know when 520 00:32:43,120 --> 00:32:45,840 Speaker 1: the paintings were made because they depict animals that are 521 00:32:45,880 --> 00:32:49,760 Speaker 1: now extinct. We know roughly when those animals went extinct, 522 00:32:49,840 --> 00:32:52,280 Speaker 1: and so we know that these paintings must have been 523 00:32:52,360 --> 00:32:56,320 Speaker 1: made before then. Some of the creatures on these walls mastodon's, 524 00:32:56,480 --> 00:33:01,040 Speaker 1: paleo lama's type of ancient camel giant slaws just don't 525 00:33:01,160 --> 00:33:04,880 Speaker 1: exist anymore. These particular animals don't just tell us how 526 00:33:04,880 --> 00:33:07,520 Speaker 1: old the paintings are, they also tell us how the 527 00:33:07,640 --> 00:33:11,120 Speaker 1: environment in the Amazon region has changed over time. Neither 528 00:33:11,200 --> 00:33:14,680 Speaker 1: a mastodon, nor a paleolama, nor many of the kinds 529 00:33:14,680 --> 00:33:17,000 Speaker 1: of horses shown in the art could have lived in 530 00:33:17,040 --> 00:33:20,600 Speaker 1: a jungle, and so scientists are theorizing that at the 531 00:33:20,640 --> 00:33:23,560 Speaker 1: time this art was made. The surrounding country may have 532 00:33:23,640 --> 00:33:28,480 Speaker 1: been grasslands. How wild is that not that only twelve 533 00:33:28,560 --> 00:33:31,680 Speaker 1: thousand years ago the Amazon could have looked like the 534 00:33:31,680 --> 00:33:35,080 Speaker 1: American Great Plains. Some of the paintings are so high 535 00:33:35,080 --> 00:33:37,200 Speaker 1: above the ground that they can only be studied with 536 00:33:37,240 --> 00:33:40,920 Speaker 1: a drone camera, and certain images seem to depict wooden 537 00:33:40,960 --> 00:33:43,560 Speaker 1: scaffolds that the artists may have used to get up 538 00:33:43,600 --> 00:33:47,200 Speaker 1: so high, just like Michelangelo on his back painting the 539 00:33:47,240 --> 00:33:51,960 Speaker 1: ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. So these prehistoric people may 540 00:33:52,000 --> 00:33:54,080 Speaker 1: have climbed hundreds of feet in the air to make 541 00:33:54,160 --> 00:33:57,280 Speaker 1: their marks. They just happened to beat old Michelangelo to 542 00:33:57,320 --> 00:34:01,080 Speaker 1: a bunch by about eleven thousand, five hundred years. Don't 543 00:34:01,120 --> 00:34:03,880 Speaker 1: feel bad, Mike. I'm a slow guy too, buddy. It's 544 00:34:03,920 --> 00:34:14,399 Speaker 1: nice to see you. Nice to see you. Two. One 545 00:34:14,480 --> 00:34:19,720 Speaker 1: last update as of November that Utah Monolith was broken 546 00:34:19,719 --> 00:34:24,319 Speaker 1: down by an unidentified group of men. Just as mysteriously 547 00:34:24,320 --> 00:34:27,680 Speaker 1: as it came, it disappeared, and not a moment too soon. 548 00:34:28,440 --> 00:34:31,080 Speaker 1: Dozens of people have already gone to visit the monolith, 549 00:34:31,320 --> 00:34:35,440 Speaker 1: disturbing the fragile surrounding landscape. I for one, salute the 550 00:34:35,440 --> 00:34:38,279 Speaker 1: folks that packed that sucker out of there. Pack it in, 551 00:34:38,440 --> 00:34:42,319 Speaker 1: pack it out should be everyone's monitor in these wild places. Now, 552 00:34:42,400 --> 00:34:45,920 Speaker 1: let's start working on all those backwoods beer can pieces 553 00:34:45,920 --> 00:34:48,920 Speaker 1: of art. That's all I've got for you this week. 554 00:34:48,960 --> 00:34:51,799 Speaker 1: Thanks so much for tuning in. If you're loving what 555 00:34:51,880 --> 00:34:54,120 Speaker 1: you're hearing on the weekend review, please tell a friend, 556 00:34:54,560 --> 00:34:57,160 Speaker 1: and more importantly, tell me what's going on in your 557 00:34:57,160 --> 00:35:00,080 Speaker 1: neck the woods by writing in to a SK A 558 00:35:00,239 --> 00:35:03,640 Speaker 1: C A L that's asked Cal at the Meat eater 559 00:35:04,120 --> 00:35:06,319 Speaker 1: dot com. I'll talk to you next week.