Speaker 1: Pushkin. In early September twenty twenty five, a handful of
Speaker 1: Brazilian government officials headed to North Dakota on a mission.
Speaker 1: It was a technical mission. They were there to see
Speaker 1: a shiny new green technology in action. The idea behind
Speaker 1: this new technology was simple. When you turn corn into ethanol,
Speaker 1: it generates carbon dioxide, and that's the problem if you're
Speaker 1: trying to be a green fuel. But now people from
Speaker 1: Iowa to North Dakota were capturing that carbon dioxide, storing
Speaker 1: it and selling it. Never mind that they were selling
Speaker 1: it to people who would inject it underground to get
Speaker 1: oil out, some of it would surely still stay underground.
Speaker 1: And if you tilted your head and squinted a bit,
Speaker 1: that made it a climate solution. The American company selling
Speaker 1: the Brazilians on this idea had a lot writing on
Speaker 1: these officials, believing that carbon capture connected to ethanol was
Speaker 1: a great green success story, win win for industry in
Speaker 1: the environment, an American dream they could take home to Brazil.
Speaker 1: But had the visiting bureaucrats scanned the local newspapers, they
Speaker 1: might have found a different story.
Speaker 2: If you live in Iowa, your land, your water, and
Speaker 2: your voice could all be at risk thanks to a
Speaker 2: man named Bruce Rastetter.
Speaker 3: You know, essentially paying him to capture CO two at
Speaker 3: ethanol plants and then shipping it across private land and
Speaker 3: public land and then disposing of it somewhere many states away.
Speaker 1: On September second, the Brazilian contingent met with an Iowa
Speaker 1: company called Summit Carbon Solutions. Summit has been trying for
Speaker 1: years to build a carbon capture pipeline to connect dozens
Speaker 1: of ethanol plants from Iowa to North Dakota. It's called
Speaker 1: the Midwest Carbon Express Project. Harold Ham, who controls many
Speaker 1: of North Dakota's oil fields and is an energy advisor
Speaker 1: to President Trump, is a major investor in the company.
Speaker 1: Bruce Rastetter is the company's co founder. He's also a
Speaker 1: founder and executive chairman of its parent company, Summit Agricultural Group.
Speaker 1: For other cheerleading of the project to visitors, the Summit
Speaker 1: pipeline is years behind schedule and facing multiple political and
Speaker 1: legal roadblocks. In fact, it's managed to do almost no
Speaker 1: politician issue or campaign has been able to do in
Speaker 1: the US for years. United far left and far right
Speaker 1: populous from both sides hate this pipeline. For rest Utter.
Speaker 1: It's not the first time he's faced opposition, especially in
Speaker 1: his home state of Iowa.
Speaker 4: Anyone who remotely follows politics or agriculture, you say raft Stetter,
Speaker 4: you're going to get a response.
Speaker 1: Jess Mazur is the conservation coordinator for the Sierra Club Iowa.
Speaker 1: For Jess, the carbon pipeline was not the first time
Speaker 1: she'd dealt with Bruce Rastutter. They know who it is,
Speaker 1: and they go, oh, you know that guy did this.
Speaker 4: So that guy put a factory farm near my house,
Speaker 4: or he's the one that you know, got Iowa state
Speaker 4: in trouble. So I think everyone's got an opinion of him,
Speaker 4: and he's really really good at being able to avoid
Speaker 4: ever having to be in the public. He doesn't get interviewed,
Speaker 4: he doesn't take media requests. Kind of secret if he
Speaker 4: lives out in the middle of nowhere in Hardin County, Iowa.
Speaker 1: Rastutter got his start as a big hog farmer. From there.
Speaker 1: It wasn't a big leap to growing corn, and then,
Speaker 1: like a lot of corn growers, that led quickly to
Speaker 1: getting into the corn ethanol business. As a longtime climate reporter,
Speaker 1: I keep waiting for people to stop calling corn ethanol Green.
Speaker 1: Its carbon footprint is similar to regular gas. It requires
Speaker 1: around thirty times as much land as solar, plus lots
Speaker 1: of water and chemical pesticides and fertilizers. But industrial agriculture
Speaker 1: gets loads of substitutes from it, so they're always finding
Speaker 1: a way to keep it alive, and in twenty twenty two,
Speaker 1: Congress handed it its latest lifeline.
Speaker 2: The Inflation Reduction Act contains some really incredible things for
Speaker 2: our shareholders. It contains sustainable aviation fuel. We think that's
Speaker 2: an incredible part of decarbonizing the planet.
Speaker 1: The Infletion Reduction Act, Biden's big climate policy, created a
Speaker 1: whole new revenue stream for corn ethanol guys. Now they
Speaker 1: could sell to airlines, but only if they embraced carbon capture.
Speaker 1: Bruce Rastetter to the rescue.
Speaker 5: So I think without continuing to attain new markets, the
Speaker 5: ethanol industries in jeopardy. So that's what lowering carbon scores.
Speaker 5: This project on the pipeline is about, with thirty four
Speaker 5: ethanol plants across the Upper Midwest, but in particular.
Speaker 1: Iowa Summit Carbon Solutions still talks about the project today
Speaker 1: as a way to open up new markets for Iowa
Speaker 1: corn farmers. So the company was caught off guard when
Speaker 1: people across multiple states began organizing against the Midwest Carbon Express,
Speaker 1: and it quickly became a big problem because Rastetter was
Speaker 1: not just the ethanol kingpin of Iowa. His company was
Speaker 1: also the majority owner of a Brazilian ag company, FS
Speaker 1: Fueling Sustainability, and he'd helped to make corn ethanol a
Speaker 1: thing in Brazil too. Now some it is trying to
Speaker 1: make carbon capture happen there too. Welcome to Drilled Season fifteen,
Speaker 1: Carbon Cowboys. I'm Amy Westervelt and this season we've partnered
Speaker 1: with the amazing reporters at the Intercept Brazil to learn
Speaker 1: more about what Rasstutter is doing down there.
Speaker 6: I'm Filippe Sabrina with the Interceptor Brazil. I will be
Speaker 6: hosting the Portuguese version of the season over on the
Speaker 6: Intercept to Brazil Feed. This is a story about how
Speaker 6: the ethanol kingpin of Iowa became the king of corn
Speaker 6: in Brazil and.
Speaker 1: How a bunch of ideas that are great for the
Speaker 1: oil and ag industries got rebranded as climate solutions and
Speaker 1: created a carbon gold rush.
Speaker 7: Think maganin as Gonchi, Think port Could you consider you?
Speaker 1: A few months ago Philippe started telling me about this
Speaker 1: giant pig statue that greets people Bruce Rastutter's home base
Speaker 1: in Brazil, because yes, his partners in Brazil also started
Speaker 1: out as pig farmers. These guys are all still on
Speaker 1: the pig business, and boy do they love pigs. When
Speaker 1: Philippe sent me a picture of this pig statue, I
Speaker 1: was kind of shook. If you're imagining some sort of
Speaker 1: tasteful bronze statue, think again. This is a massive, orky
Speaker 1: pig looking thing wearing laterhosen and a bright green hat,
Speaker 1: holding a corn cob.
Speaker 6: And it even has a name Lucina or Little Lucas
Speaker 6: because the town is called Lucas do Hill Virji. It
Speaker 6: tells you actually a lot about this place. It was
Speaker 6: proposed by one of the largest landowners in the area,
Speaker 6: big agriculture business guy. He comes from a German family,
Speaker 6: which is why the pig is wearing a German outfit.
Speaker 6: Around fifty years ago, the Brazilian agriculture industry came to
Speaker 6: this place looking for a cheap and easy land grab. Today,
Speaker 6: the American agriculture industry is doing the same thing.
Speaker 1: Vusista in Lucas do Yu virgi asiddajigioportunidjis aki ajira sojin
Speaker 1: pri gualidan Did you read the same kopram. This audio
Speaker 1: you're listening to with the epic background music is from
Speaker 1: a promotional video by the Lucas to Rio Verge city
Speaker 1: government highlighting the wonders of the city. The video mixes
Speaker 1: images of macause forests in the sunset and large cotton,
Speaker 1: soybean and cornfields. The city government wants you to know
Speaker 1: that Lucas is the city of opportunities. It has more
Speaker 1: than ninety five thousand inhabitants and produces more than two
Speaker 1: million tons of grain per year. The narrator of the
Speaker 1: video says, we are one of the fastest growing cities
Speaker 1: in Brazil, and then this screen fills with a mix
Speaker 1: of smiling children, crops and grain pouring out of machines. Lucas,
Speaker 1: the Rio Verge is all money, growth and seas of
Speaker 1: corn and soybeans as far as the eye can see.
Speaker 6: The first time I visited, it shocked me to see
Speaker 6: massive crops right next to people's homes. But the more
Speaker 6: I learned about Lucas, the more it made sense. The
Speaker 6: town is a fiction designed and built by the government
Speaker 6: to impose development on this region. Lucas was entirely created
Speaker 6: to serve agriculture and its owners. The wide avenues are
Speaker 6: lined with silos, agricultural machinery, stores, supply stores, credit banks,
Speaker 6: and real state agencies. Trucks over twenty meters long, loaded
Speaker 6: with soybeans or corn have plenty of space to drive
Speaker 6: around or park on the curb. Walking in Lucas, on
Speaker 6: the other hand, is a challenge because of the distances
Speaker 6: between the long avenues, the heat, and the lack of
Speaker 6: trees to provide shade. The city is obsessed with imperial
Speaker 6: palm trees. There are hundreds of them in the town
Speaker 6: center and on the sides of the roads. With nothing
Speaker 6: but monoculture crops and important palm trees, there is no
Speaker 6: vegetation in the area to insulate it from extreme temperature changes.
Speaker 6: Lucas can go from freezing cold to unbelievably hot from
Speaker 6: one moment to the next. It was weird for me,
Speaker 6: but the people I spoke with here didn't seem to mind.
Speaker 6: The image of abundant harvests has drawn people from all
Speaker 6: over the country to Lucas all right.
Speaker 1: Going from yeah, yeah, think.
Speaker 8: My husband was un employed for two years. Then we
Speaker 8: saw reports about the city, which is a very good
Speaker 8: place to live to raise children, even in terms of violence,
Speaker 8: so we packed all backs.
Speaker 1: Isabella is from Ministerized, a Brazilian state southeast of Lucas,
Speaker 1: but since twenty twenty one she's been living here with
Speaker 1: her husband and children. She sells asa e bowls in
Speaker 1: front of the parking lot of a multi national grain company.
Speaker 1: Assai is a fruit typical of the Amazon. Isabella buys
Speaker 1: it from suppliers and sells it to truck drivers who
Speaker 1: load and unload grain.
Speaker 7: Here.
Speaker 1: She passes small bowls of asai cream through the fence
Speaker 1: and the truckers passed back cash. Isabelle said Lucas is great,
Speaker 1: not least because when she needs to take her kids
Speaker 1: to a public hospital, she never waits more than an
Speaker 1: hour to be seen.
Speaker 8: In the city. I don't think anyone can complain about healthcare.
Speaker 1: She says that Lucas, the Rio Verge Hospital SEW Lucas
Speaker 1: in particular, is especially nice. It's run today by a
Speaker 1: partnership between the city and agribusiness entrepreneurs.
Speaker 8: Now they've opened a really nice word to the own
Speaker 8: hospital has been renovated.
Speaker 1: Apart I supposals Lucas ponta rakum nova ala atu CenTra
Speaker 1: matarney for you who's passed by properson Resistencia.
Speaker 9: Judus.
Speaker 1: In fact, the new maternity ward at the saw Lucas
Speaker 1: Hospital has a promotional video too, and a few seconds
Speaker 1: into it, listeners might recognize a not so Brazilian sounding.
Speaker 10: Name in North American Bruce Hasted.
Speaker 1: Bruce Restedter, the ethanol kingpin of Iowa. He wields a
Speaker 1: lot of power there, but outside the state he's not
Speaker 1: exactly a household name. Now suddenly a new wing in
Speaker 1: the hospital in this Brazilian farm town was being named
Speaker 1: after this guy. How did that happen?
Speaker 6: The hospital canceled my tour just before I arrived, so
Speaker 6: our producer Marsa ever does and I just showed up
Speaker 6: to see what we could see. We talk it to
Speaker 6: a hospital worker in the hallway.
Speaker 1: It's a little hard to hear there because Philippe and
Speaker 1: Marcia were trying to tape with their phone, and of
Speaker 1: course she's speaking in Portuguese too, But when they asked
Speaker 1: her about the name of the ward, the Bruce rast
Speaker 1: at her wing, she said it was named after Bruce,
Speaker 1: a doctor from Ohio. We're still not sure where she
Speaker 1: got that idea, but funding big public projects, especially around
Speaker 1: hospitals and healthcare, is really common in Brazil. You just
Speaker 1: heard how when telling Philippe about what she likes about Lucas,
Speaker 1: Isabella mentioned healthcare. People think of hospitals as an example
Speaker 1: of how nice a city is or how well it's working.
Speaker 1: So if Lucas has a good hospital, no one can
Speaker 1: say that the politicians or the businessmen running things here
Speaker 1: are bad. That goes double for anything that's focused on
Speaker 1: women and children. So a maternity ward checks a lot
Speaker 1: of boxes. And then we found out that the hospital
Speaker 1: is run by a foundation led by one of Rasstutter's
Speaker 1: Brazilian business partners, Marino Franz. Marino's brother Paulo was the
Speaker 1: one that proposed that giant pig statue that looks out
Speaker 1: over Lucas. And to understand how Rastutter, the American farmer,
Speaker 1: ended up with a Brazilian rural maternity ward named after him,
Speaker 1: we had to figure out how the Franz brothers fit
Speaker 1: into it, and what brought Bruce to Brazil in the
Speaker 1: first place.
Speaker 11: That's gonna ye after the break Lucas.
Speaker 1: The Rio Verde is in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso,
Speaker 1: a state that is almost exactly half agriculture and half
Speaker 1: Amazon rainforest. It used to be even more Amazon. For decades,
Speaker 1: the state was considered the frontier in Brazil. The forests
Speaker 1: were preserved, and it was home to even more indigenous
Speaker 1: people than it is today. But in the nineteen sixties
Speaker 1: and nineteen seventies, Brazil's military government deployed a new strategy
Speaker 1: was called the National Integration Plan. The idea was to
Speaker 1: eliminate indigenous communities that were seen as anti development and
Speaker 1: integrate the north and midwest of Brazil into the national economy.
Speaker 1: Seldom Sada Arrititomba is grabbed.
Speaker 8: You might study of twenty s Anti Task.
Speaker 11: Community.
Speaker 1: This propaganda film from the seventies celebrates the quote revolution
Speaker 1: reaching the jungle, toppling trees in favor of roads. The
Speaker 1: goal was to develop the Amazon by building infrastructure in
Speaker 1: the wilderness, displacing indigenous residents, and encouraging people from outside
Speaker 1: the region to move there, to be pioneers and go
Speaker 1: to this frontier and tainment. The main farm towns in
Speaker 1: motto Grosso today were deliberate colonization projects, many of them
Speaker 1: built and funded by the Brazilian government. The government offered
Speaker 1: people plots of land, housing, and sometimes even credit to
Speaker 1: move there. They even funded research to figure out how
Speaker 1: crops like soybeans and cotton could be grown in the
Speaker 1: tropical climate there. That's what brought the Franz brothers there
Speaker 1: decades ago, and according to Paolo, it's the Franz brothers
Speaker 1: who brought Bruce to the area. In follows telling it
Speaker 1: all happened because of an internship he did in Iowa
Speaker 1: and an important contact he made there. Here he is
Speaker 1: talking about it on a Brazilian podcast.
Speaker 7: Borjun tozer.
Speaker 8: Jenci be quas quadan Onmide senor to Terry Branstead.
Speaker 1: Harry Brandstad, the governor of Iowa the time and eventually
Speaker 1: US Ambassador to China during Trump's first presidency. Pallis says
Speaker 1: they all went to soccer games together a lot. Pallis
Speaker 1: it was Brand's dad who introduced him to Bruce Rastetter.
Speaker 7: Bruce Keo CEO the Empires and Fundador.
Speaker 12: Bruce is the CEO of the company the founder. He
Speaker 12: has a huge passion for pigs and has been involved
Speaker 12: with pigs his whole life. He was a pig farmer
Speaker 12: until he started getting into ethanol, which is a very
Speaker 12: recent thing. I don't know whether, just to clarify, Americans
Speaker 12: produce more ethanol from corn than we do from sugarcane.
Speaker 12: There the philosophy, the culture is producing ethanol from corn.
Speaker 12: So as president, I met with this Terry Branstad, who
Speaker 12: was the governor of Iowa. We met and he wanted
Speaker 12: to buy some land here in Brazil.
Speaker 1: Bruce doesn't mention any of this when he's asked about
Speaker 1: how he wound up in Brazil. Here's how he talked
Speaker 1: about it on a farming podcast a couple of years ago.
Speaker 7: So when we sold Hawkeye to Coke Industries.
Speaker 1: That was one of his S and L companies that freed.
Speaker 5: Me up for the first time to do other things
Speaker 5: outside of being responsible for a larger company, and started
Speaker 5: traveling to Brazil.
Speaker 7: This is how.
Speaker 1: Bruce talks about it in other interviews too. He was
Speaker 1: interested in Brazil because it's the main agricultural competitor to
Speaker 1: the US, or because other US companies had done well there,
Speaker 1: et cetera, et cetera. It was when we were trying
Speaker 1: to verify Bruce and Paolo's differing versions of this story
Speaker 1: that our brazil editor Alisi Desusa found a guy with
Speaker 1: yet another version, is.
Speaker 9: This promos and all are you three huggers? Are you
Speaker 9: looking at this from a negative standpoint or are you
Speaker 9: looking at it.
Speaker 5: From a neutral standpoint?
Speaker 9: I don't mind being neutral. I can be critical of
Speaker 9: this too. Yeah, but because clients of mine have invested
Speaker 9: in all words of a billion dollars now in Marpa Grosso,
Speaker 9: I don't want to fuck this up.
Speaker 1: That's Corey Melby, an agriculture consultant in Brazil.
Speaker 9: I came from Northwest Minnesota, developing land. So of course
Speaker 9: when in the early two thousands, when Marpa Grosso and
Speaker 9: all of this Siebian expansion was taking place, I was
Speaker 9: going to be the land guy for a group from
Speaker 9: some of the first guys I went down with, you're
Speaker 9: going to be here, Corey, pick up the language, bick
Speaker 9: up the contacts.
Speaker 5: You could be the real estate guy.
Speaker 9: So that's where I started was from that.
Speaker 1: Perspective full disclosure. We paid Corey Melby to be a
Speaker 1: fixer for us on the ground in Mato Grosso. The
Speaker 1: idea was that he would take us around and ideally
Speaker 1: arrange a meeting with the brothers Franz at their farm.
Speaker 1: None that ended up panning out, but he did talk
Speaker 1: to Philippi and I and he told us a lot
Speaker 1: about how Bruce started out in Brazil. He also added
Speaker 1: me to his newsletter list, which is a wealth of
Speaker 1: acknowledge about Brazil.
Speaker 7: Although it comes out.
Speaker 1: So many times a week, I still have about five
Speaker 1: hundred unread emails in a folder marked Corey.
Speaker 9: So I've been on every requirement by mon Grosso. I
Speaker 9: wrote the Boom Times and the bus, and the Boom
Speaker 9: Times and the bus again with all my friends.
Speaker 4: So I I.
Speaker 9: You know, I have that twenty five year art of
Speaker 9: experience now of the good, bad and ugly of Macrocrosso.
Speaker 5: And believe me, there's plenty of.
Speaker 9: All of it.
Speaker 1: He knows a lot about Bruce and the Frownz brothers
Speaker 1: because he did for Bruce what he's done for the
Speaker 1: past twenty five years for other Americans looking to get
Speaker 1: into the agg business in monte Grosso. He toured them
Speaker 1: around looking for land.
Speaker 9: Back in twenty eleven, I was visiting Forema and he
Speaker 9: was a young, dynamic guy and he was at Cory.
Speaker 5: We're we're looking to develop a.
Speaker 9: A corn oil mill, processing and investors or a partner
Speaker 9: in that.
Speaker 5: Corn oil.
Speaker 9: So I was writing about this BS and my brewsletters
Speaker 9: at the time, and also visiting him Lucas Deomerday at
Speaker 9: the elevators at the time, doctor to Climber's Oh we've
Speaker 9: got to get corn athene or we're going to bury ourselves.
Speaker 1: Because of his newsletter and his ties to various American
Speaker 1: at folks, Corey has kind of become known as the
Speaker 1: guy to call if you're an American who wants to
Speaker 1: get a sense of Manto grosso. So when people started
Speaker 1: talking about corn ethanol there, it was only a matter
Speaker 1: of time before he got a call from you know who, Summit.
Speaker 9: From Iowa, which I'm sure you are very familiar with,
Speaker 9: Bruce Brest letter and Eric and then the whole club.
Speaker 9: I get it all from Bruce's letter email, Hey, we.
Speaker 8: Would like to.
Speaker 9: Uh, we're going to be down there for another reason.
Speaker 5: Could we do something?
Speaker 1: Call up cart was they didn't want to take one
Speaker 1: of Corey's prepackaged ag tours.
Speaker 9: Okay, so this is twenty eleven. We do a little
Speaker 9: quick power to here they go home.
Speaker 5: I figured out just another tour.
Speaker 9: Uh, we were looking at land.
Speaker 8: We loved to get going.
Speaker 1: Corey carried on, thinking nothing of it. But six months
Speaker 1: or so later he got a call from some friends
Speaker 1: in Manto, Brusso.
Speaker 9: My good friend, the friends is you know, they were Cory.
Speaker 5: We we wanted to get.
Speaker 9: An ethanol now went out here.
Speaker 5: But we needed help. We need American, we need capital.
Speaker 9: So I was telling Bruce and the guys, you know,
Speaker 9: I've got friends. I'm thinking.
Speaker 8: Guys.
Speaker 1: According to Corey, at the time, Bruce and the guys
Speaker 1: weren't quite ready to get into the ethanol business in Brazil.
Speaker 1: They were just looking for some farm land. Then they
Speaker 1: came back for another trip, and as Corey tells it,
Speaker 1: this is when they met the Franzis all.
Speaker 9: All of a sudden, we've got a farm for sale.
Speaker 1: Corey helped broker the deal between Bruce and the Franzas,
Speaker 1: and it kept them all talking.
Speaker 5: Three years to tolls on this down farm.
Speaker 9: But that farm for just then opened the door with
Speaker 9: trussed and capable. Hey, let's let's build an ethanol.
Speaker 5: And lucas together.
Speaker 1: The Franz brothers had hit the big time. They were
Speaker 1: getting into business with the ethanol kingpin of Iowa. It
Speaker 1: was a whole new level. Whereas Corey calls it cycle three.
Speaker 9: Cycle one is deforestation in cattle, Cycle two is song.
Speaker 5: Cycle two point.
Speaker 8: Five is soa a corn.
Speaker 9: Basically, you know, the combination CYCLELE three now gets to
Speaker 9: be what we would say industrial or added Iowa.
Speaker 1: For the Franz brothers, Bruce was a white whale at
Speaker 1: a time of booming Brazilian industrial agriculture. He happened to
Speaker 1: have some free time on his hands, and now this
Speaker 1: international king of corn had picked them.
Speaker 5: What luck.
Speaker 1: But that story misses one important detail. At the time
Speaker 1: he was doing land tours in Brazil, Bruce Rastetter was
Speaker 1: having a really bad time back home in Iowa.
Speaker 4: Since twenty twelve, since that big land grab attempt in Africa,
Speaker 4: he has become a dirty word in Iowa.
Speaker 11: It's just that's what he does.
Speaker 5: It's like his business model, you know.
Speaker 3: And whether it was in Iowa with you know, how
Speaker 3: he was treating Iowa farmers or now it's gloquially Yeah,
Speaker 3: he just keeps pushing his.
Speaker 11: Business advancement, right.
Speaker 1: It's all about his corporate profits.
Speaker 10: Friends of friends have said that he's kind of over
Speaker 10: Iowa and more interested in Brazil, which I mean it was.
Speaker 10: If I was issues, if I had the choice of,
Speaker 10: you know, being at a place where everybody hated me
Speaker 10: in a place where people fond over me, I'd probably
Speaker 10: go to the people fond over me.
Speaker 1: That's our story. Next time. We reached out to Bruce Rastutter,
Speaker 1: Harold Hamm, the Frownz Brothers, Miguel Das Robero, and all
Speaker 1: Summit companies and Brazilian government agencies mentioned in this season
Speaker 1: for comment and have incorporated any responses we received throughout
Speaker 1: the season.
Speaker 6: Carbon Cowboys Cowboys of the Sejadu is a collaboration between
Speaker 6: Drilled and The Intercept to Brazil.
Speaker 1: The show was reported and written by Philippe Sabrina and
Speaker 1: me Amy Westerveld.
Speaker 6: Our editors are Audrey Queen in the US and Alisi
Speaker 6: Desulza in Brazil.
Speaker 1: Our senior producer and sound designer is Martin Zaltz Ostwik.
Speaker 1: Audio production and sound design in Brazil by Marcia Heberdoza
Speaker 1: and Philippe MoOx.
Speaker 7: Theme song and original music by Eric Terna.
Speaker 1: Additional music by Martin Saltz Austwick. Our engineer is Peter Duff.
Speaker 7: Artwork for Drild is by Matt Fleming.
Speaker 1: US fact checking from Naomi Barr.
Speaker 7: Brazil fact checking by Estudio Frontea.
Speaker 1: Our First Amendment Attorney is James Wheaton with the First
Speaker 1: Amendment Project. We are also proud members of Reporter Shield.
Speaker 1: Big thanks also to Andrew Fishman, president of The Intercept Brazil.
Speaker 7: DRILD is distributed by Pushkin Industries.
Speaker 1: Huge thanks to the team there, including Greta Cohen, Eric Sandler,
Speaker 1: Grace Ross, Morgan Rattner, Owen Miller, Kira Posey, Jordan McMillan,
Speaker 1: Brian Schreberneck and Jake Flanagan. To hear the Portuguese version
Speaker 1: of this series, head over to The Intercept Brazil's site,
Speaker 1: or search for The Intercept Brazil's podcast feed wherever you
Speaker 1: listen to podcasts.