1 00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:02,599 Speaker 1: Hey, y'all, Eve's here. We're doubling up today with two 2 00:00:02,640 --> 00:00:07,800 Speaker 1: events in history. On with the show. Greetings everyone, welcome 3 00:00:07,880 --> 00:00:10,360 Speaker 1: to this day in History class, where we bring you 4 00:00:10,560 --> 00:00:22,360 Speaker 1: a new tidbit from history every day. The day was 5 00:00:22,400 --> 00:00:28,960 Speaker 1: a seventy Stella Clinton and Fannie Winifred Park were arrested 6 00:00:29,000 --> 00:00:32,120 Speaker 1: as they left a performance at the Strand Theater in London. 7 00:00:33,200 --> 00:00:37,360 Speaker 1: The pair, along with Hugh Alexander Mundale, were taken to 8 00:00:37,400 --> 00:00:41,800 Speaker 1: the Bow Street police station. The next day, Fanny and 9 00:00:41,880 --> 00:00:46,199 Speaker 1: Stella were charged with quote conspiring and inciting persons to 10 00:00:46,280 --> 00:00:50,919 Speaker 1: commit an unnatural offense. Fannie and Stella, also known as 11 00:00:51,200 --> 00:00:56,240 Speaker 1: Frederick William Park and Ernest Bolton respectively, we're cross dressers. 12 00:00:56,840 --> 00:00:59,400 Speaker 1: Dressing as a woman was not a crime at the time, 13 00:00:59,760 --> 00:01:03,120 Speaker 1: but sodomy was against the law, and police had been 14 00:01:03,120 --> 00:01:07,280 Speaker 1: surveying Stella and Fanny for a year. Later. Hearings and 15 00:01:07,360 --> 00:01:10,240 Speaker 1: the trial that Bolton and Park went through in eighteen 16 00:01:10,280 --> 00:01:14,759 Speaker 1: seventy one were highly publicized and attracted a considerable amount 17 00:01:14,800 --> 00:01:18,400 Speaker 1: of attention. Bolton and Park were both born in the 18 00:01:18,480 --> 00:01:21,759 Speaker 1: late eighteen forties. Bolton was a bank clerk and Park 19 00:01:21,880 --> 00:01:24,959 Speaker 1: was a law student. Since he was a child, Bolton 20 00:01:25,080 --> 00:01:28,720 Speaker 1: showed a fondness for dressing and clothing typically considered feminine, 21 00:01:28,959 --> 00:01:33,160 Speaker 1: and using the name Stella. By the eighteen sixties, Bolton 22 00:01:33,200 --> 00:01:37,040 Speaker 1: and Park had become close. They began touring together, performing 23 00:01:37,080 --> 00:01:41,280 Speaker 1: in theaters as Stella and Fannie. As performers, they were popular, 24 00:01:41,840 --> 00:01:44,640 Speaker 1: but they also dressed in women's clothing outside of the 25 00:01:44,640 --> 00:01:48,440 Speaker 1: theater and war makeup when dressed as men. As they 26 00:01:48,520 --> 00:01:52,280 Speaker 1: hung out at the Strand, Lyceum and Surrey Theaters, they 27 00:01:52,280 --> 00:01:56,480 Speaker 1: picked up men one of their bows. Hugh Mundel said 28 00:01:56,600 --> 00:01:59,200 Speaker 1: he thought there were two gay women dressed as men. 29 00:02:00,320 --> 00:02:03,440 Speaker 1: They had already been kicked out of establishments like the 30 00:02:03,480 --> 00:02:07,280 Speaker 1: Alhambra Theater and Burlington Arcade on more than one occasion. 31 00:02:08,520 --> 00:02:11,840 Speaker 1: For nearly a year, the police had spies observed Bolton 32 00:02:11,919 --> 00:02:15,280 Speaker 1: in Park at thirteen Wakefield Street, where they rented a 33 00:02:15,360 --> 00:02:19,160 Speaker 1: room for changing and where their landlady Martha Stacy, ran 34 00:02:19,280 --> 00:02:23,840 Speaker 1: a so called house of accommodation. When their apartments were searched, 35 00:02:24,360 --> 00:02:28,760 Speaker 1: love letters from John Stafford Fisk were found. On April 36 00:02:29,400 --> 00:02:32,880 Speaker 1: eighteen seventy, Stella and Fanny were at the Strand Theater 37 00:02:32,960 --> 00:02:35,960 Speaker 1: with a party of men. They were wearing women's clothing, 38 00:02:36,320 --> 00:02:38,960 Speaker 1: and they were reportedly seen flirting with some of the men. 39 00:02:39,880 --> 00:02:44,040 Speaker 1: Around eleven o'clock that night, Stella, Fanny, and Hugh Mundale 40 00:02:44,080 --> 00:02:49,440 Speaker 1: were arrested. Initially, Stella and Fanny were arrested for public mischief, 41 00:02:49,720 --> 00:02:52,600 Speaker 1: a charge that was often given to people who cross dressed. 42 00:02:53,760 --> 00:02:56,600 Speaker 1: While at the police station, a police surgeon performed an 43 00:02:56,600 --> 00:02:59,920 Speaker 1: intrusive examination on the two of them to check for 44 00:03:00,120 --> 00:03:03,360 Speaker 1: signs of sodomy. The next day, when they went to 45 00:03:03,440 --> 00:03:08,080 Speaker 1: Magistrates Court, they were still wearing women's clothing. Crowds gathered 46 00:03:08,080 --> 00:03:12,560 Speaker 1: outside the court and newspapers covered the proceedings. Stella and 47 00:03:12,600 --> 00:03:16,280 Speaker 1: Fanny were charged with conspiracy to commit sodomy and to 48 00:03:16,760 --> 00:03:21,120 Speaker 1: quote disguise themselves as women, and to frequent places of 49 00:03:21,200 --> 00:03:25,880 Speaker 1: public resort so disguised, and to thereby openly and scandalously 50 00:03:26,000 --> 00:03:32,200 Speaker 1: outrage public decency and corrupt public morals. Outraging public decency 51 00:03:32,400 --> 00:03:36,080 Speaker 1: was a misdemeanor, but buggery carried a charge of penal 52 00:03:36,160 --> 00:03:39,920 Speaker 1: servitude for life. Bolton and part stayed in jail for 53 00:03:40,040 --> 00:03:45,520 Speaker 1: months before they were released on May nine. The trial 54 00:03:45,640 --> 00:03:49,080 Speaker 1: began at the Court of Queen's Bench with a special jury, 55 00:03:49,640 --> 00:03:53,640 Speaker 1: Lord Chief Justice Sir Alexander Cockburn presided over the case. 56 00:03:54,280 --> 00:03:57,120 Speaker 1: The court also indicted other people who were in the party, 57 00:03:57,520 --> 00:04:01,600 Speaker 1: including Louis Hurt and John Fisk, but many of the 58 00:04:01,600 --> 00:04:07,040 Speaker 1: men who were indicted had absconded. Lord Arthur Clinton, Bolton's 59 00:04:07,080 --> 00:04:10,160 Speaker 1: lover and a son of the Duke of Newcastle, died 60 00:04:10,200 --> 00:04:13,480 Speaker 1: before he could go to court, purportedly of scarlet fever, 61 00:04:14,000 --> 00:04:18,039 Speaker 1: though he was rumored to have committed suicide. In court, 62 00:04:18,480 --> 00:04:23,159 Speaker 1: Stella and Fanny's dresses, jewelry and makeup were presented. The 63 00:04:23,200 --> 00:04:27,120 Speaker 1: prosecution had at least six doctors examined Fanny and Stella. 64 00:04:27,839 --> 00:04:31,360 Speaker 1: More than thirty witnesses were called for the prosecution. A 65 00:04:31,480 --> 00:04:34,279 Speaker 1: whole day in court was dedicated to reading the letters 66 00:04:34,360 --> 00:04:38,919 Speaker 1: the defendants had written and received. Bolton's mother testified that 67 00:04:38,960 --> 00:04:43,120 Speaker 1: her son's lifestyle was no secret. In the end, no 68 00:04:43,240 --> 00:04:46,640 Speaker 1: conclusive evidence had been presented and there was no proof 69 00:04:46,640 --> 00:04:50,880 Speaker 1: of conspiracy to commit a felony. The jury found Fanny 70 00:04:50,960 --> 00:04:55,320 Speaker 1: and Stella not guilty after deliberating for only fifty three minutes. 71 00:04:56,040 --> 00:05:00,240 Speaker 1: All the other defendants were acquitted to Cockburn at the 72 00:05:00,240 --> 00:05:04,320 Speaker 1: following the act of the police surgeon in examining the 73 00:05:04,360 --> 00:05:08,240 Speaker 1: person of the prisoner, as he did without any legal authority, 74 00:05:08,480 --> 00:05:12,280 Speaker 1: was wholly unjustifiable. He had no more right to do 75 00:05:12,320 --> 00:05:15,560 Speaker 1: it than he would have to inflict such an indignity 76 00:05:15,560 --> 00:05:18,560 Speaker 1: on any person in custody or any person he met 77 00:05:18,640 --> 00:05:21,440 Speaker 1: in the street. The seizure of the letters of the 78 00:05:21,480 --> 00:05:24,719 Speaker 1: other defendants also appears to have been without any legal 79 00:05:24,760 --> 00:05:29,919 Speaker 1: warrant or authority. Bolton soon left England, began using the 80 00:05:30,000 --> 00:05:34,400 Speaker 1: last name Vine, and found moderate success performing in New York. 81 00:05:35,200 --> 00:05:38,080 Speaker 1: Park also went to New York, but he died around 82 00:05:38,080 --> 00:05:42,120 Speaker 1: the age of thirty three. Bolton died decades later in 83 00:05:42,200 --> 00:05:47,120 Speaker 1: nineteen o four. I'm Eves, jeffco and hopefully you know 84 00:05:47,279 --> 00:05:51,000 Speaker 1: a little more about history today than you did yesterday. 85 00:05:51,600 --> 00:05:55,240 Speaker 1: Keep up with us on Twitter, Instagram and Facebook at 86 00:05:55,440 --> 00:06:00,840 Speaker 1: t D I HC Podcast. Thanks for listening, and we'll 87 00:06:00,839 --> 00:06:14,520 Speaker 1: see you again tomorrow. Hi everyone, I'm Eves and welcome 88 00:06:14,560 --> 00:06:17,120 Speaker 1: to This Day and History Class, a podcast that brings 89 00:06:17,160 --> 00:06:30,000 Speaker 1: you a negget of history every day. The day was 90 00:06:30,040 --> 00:06:36,679 Speaker 1: a Sight nine. Acting Lieutenant Fletcher Christian led a mutiny 91 00:06:36,760 --> 00:06:41,360 Speaker 1: against Captain William Bly on the HMS Bounty. The British 92 00:06:41,400 --> 00:06:44,400 Speaker 1: government was sponsoring an expedition to the South Pacific to 93 00:06:44,400 --> 00:06:46,880 Speaker 1: get bread fruit plants to take to the West Indies. 94 00:06:47,600 --> 00:06:50,479 Speaker 1: Once planted in the West Indies, the bread fruit would 95 00:06:50,480 --> 00:06:54,599 Speaker 1: serve as cheap food for enslaved people. In December of 96 00:06:54,640 --> 00:06:58,760 Speaker 1: seventeen eighty seven, the h MS Bounty left England headed 97 00:06:58,760 --> 00:07:02,039 Speaker 1: for Tahiti to colle the bread fruit. The bounty was 98 00:07:02,080 --> 00:07:05,960 Speaker 1: commanded by Captain William Bly and Fletcher Christian was the 99 00:07:06,000 --> 00:07:10,320 Speaker 1: master's mate. The journey was long and difficult, but in 100 00:07:10,360 --> 00:07:13,920 Speaker 1: October of seventeen eighty eight, after dealing with bad weather, 101 00:07:14,080 --> 00:07:17,440 Speaker 1: a detour, and a little conflict between the crew and captain, 102 00:07:18,000 --> 00:07:21,720 Speaker 1: the bounty made it to Tahiti. The crew stayed on 103 00:07:21,760 --> 00:07:24,200 Speaker 1: the island for the next five months so they could 104 00:07:24,280 --> 00:07:28,840 Speaker 1: collect the bread fruit saplings. While on the island, hostilities 105 00:07:28,880 --> 00:07:33,800 Speaker 1: between Bly and the crew intensified. In January of seventeen 106 00:07:33,880 --> 00:07:38,640 Speaker 1: eighty nine, three of the crew members deserted. Bl threatened 107 00:07:38,600 --> 00:07:40,840 Speaker 1: t Hitians would suffer if they did not help bring 108 00:07:40,880 --> 00:07:43,880 Speaker 1: back the deserters and the arms and ammunition that went 109 00:07:43,920 --> 00:07:47,239 Speaker 1: missing along with them. The crew members were tracked down 110 00:07:47,360 --> 00:07:52,040 Speaker 1: and punished in February. On April five, the bounty left 111 00:07:52,040 --> 00:07:54,960 Speaker 1: Tahiti with the hall of bread fruit saplings. On the 112 00:07:55,000 --> 00:08:00,600 Speaker 1: trip back, tension between Bly and Fletcher Christian escalated. The 113 00:08:00,680 --> 00:08:03,320 Speaker 1: next morning, when the bounty was near An island and Tonga, 114 00:08:03,560 --> 00:08:07,000 Speaker 1: Christian and a gang of crew members staged a mutiny. 115 00:08:07,240 --> 00:08:10,200 Speaker 1: Bly described what happened early in the morning on ap 116 00:08:11,480 --> 00:08:15,640 Speaker 1: He said, quote just before sunrising, Mr Christian, with a 117 00:08:15,760 --> 00:08:19,960 Speaker 1: master at arms, gunner's mate and Thomas Burkett seaman, came 118 00:08:20,000 --> 00:08:23,200 Speaker 1: into my cabin while I was asleep and seizing me. 119 00:08:23,640 --> 00:08:26,400 Speaker 1: Tied my hands with a cord behind my back and 120 00:08:26,480 --> 00:08:29,120 Speaker 1: threatened me with instant death if I spoke or made 121 00:08:29,120 --> 00:08:33,160 Speaker 1: the least noise. The mutineers forced Bly onto the deck. 122 00:08:33,679 --> 00:08:36,480 Speaker 1: They ordered Bly more than a dozen people who supported 123 00:08:36,559 --> 00:08:39,720 Speaker 1: him into the ship's launch. Bly and his loyalists were 124 00:08:39,720 --> 00:08:43,000 Speaker 1: then set adrift, but he and the rest of the 125 00:08:43,040 --> 00:08:46,680 Speaker 1: crew set adrift managed to travel west across the Pacific 126 00:08:46,960 --> 00:08:49,120 Speaker 1: and make it to the island of Tiamour in June. 127 00:08:50,200 --> 00:08:53,040 Speaker 1: Back on the bounty, some of the mutineers decided to 128 00:08:53,040 --> 00:08:57,040 Speaker 1: stay in Tahiti, while Christian, other mutineers, and some Tahitians 129 00:08:57,400 --> 00:08:59,720 Speaker 1: made their way to pick Karen Island. In January of 130 00:08:59,720 --> 00:09:04,960 Speaker 1: seven teen, they burned the bounty, but in March Bli 131 00:09:05,160 --> 00:09:07,480 Speaker 1: made it back to England. He was tried for the 132 00:09:07,559 --> 00:09:11,200 Speaker 1: loss of the bounty, but acquitted. News of the mutiny 133 00:09:11,280 --> 00:09:14,400 Speaker 1: spread through the country and people began viewing Bly as 134 00:09:14,440 --> 00:09:18,200 Speaker 1: a hero. The ship Pandora was commissioned to go to 135 00:09:18,240 --> 00:09:22,280 Speaker 1: the South Pacific and bring back the mutineers. Some of 136 00:09:22,320 --> 00:09:25,040 Speaker 1: them were captured in Tahiti and brought back to England 137 00:09:25,080 --> 00:09:29,160 Speaker 1: to stand trial. Some of those mutineers were acquitted, some 138 00:09:29,240 --> 00:09:32,720 Speaker 1: were pardoned, and three others were hanged. But the Pandora 139 00:09:32,760 --> 00:09:36,079 Speaker 1: failed to find Christian and the other mutineers on Pitcairn Island. 140 00:09:37,080 --> 00:09:40,040 Speaker 1: Bli ended up going back to Tahiti to retrieve breadfruit 141 00:09:40,240 --> 00:09:43,480 Speaker 1: to transport to the West Indies. He was later promoted 142 00:09:43,520 --> 00:09:47,960 Speaker 1: to Vice Admiral. Christian was reportedly murdered on Pitcairn in 143 00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:52,000 Speaker 1: the seventeen nineties. Many books and films on the mutiny 144 00:09:52,080 --> 00:09:55,679 Speaker 1: have been produced in the years since it took place. Person, 145 00:09:57,160 --> 00:10:00,400 Speaker 1: but it's like this all gotten remember to like to 146 00:10:00,480 --> 00:10:02,400 Speaker 1: give my family on my brand chap. Think of my 147 00:10:02,520 --> 00:10:12,440 Speaker 1: wife now, sir, why beings reasonable? Now? I'm Eve Steph 148 00:10:12,520 --> 00:10:15,080 Speaker 1: Coote and hopefully you know a little more about history 149 00:10:15,160 --> 00:10:18,840 Speaker 1: today than you did yesterday, And if you have any 150 00:10:18,960 --> 00:10:21,679 Speaker 1: questions or comments, you can send them to us on 151 00:10:21,800 --> 00:10:25,520 Speaker 1: social media. We're at t d i h C podcast. 152 00:10:26,200 --> 00:10:28,480 Speaker 1: You can also send us some email at this day 153 00:10:28,640 --> 00:10:31,880 Speaker 1: at iHeart media dot com. Thanks again for listening to 154 00:10:31,960 --> 00:10:40,840 Speaker 1: this show and we'll see you tomorrow. For more podcasts 155 00:10:40,840 --> 00:10:43,800 Speaker 1: from I heart Radio, visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, 156 00:10:43,880 --> 00:10:45,520 Speaker 1: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.