WEBVTT - Selects: Was There A Real Robin Hood?

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<v Speaker 1>Hey, everybody, it's Josh and for this week's select, I've

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<v Speaker 1>chosen our episode, Was There a Real Robin Hood? From

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<v Speaker 1>the Heady Innocent Days of twenty eighteen. It's a super

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<v Speaker 1>neat history episode where we search for the real Robin

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<v Speaker 1>Hood and find some really great candidates. Was there a

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<v Speaker 1>Real Robin Hood? I guess you'll just have to listen

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<v Speaker 1>to find out.

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<v Speaker 2>Welcome to Stuff you should know, a production of iHeartRadio.

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<v Speaker 1>Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark, and

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<v Speaker 1>there's Charles w Chuck Bryant, and there's Jerry over there.

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<v Speaker 1>We're just horsing around saying who's a Who's Ah?

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<v Speaker 3>Actually, I think people might like a little recree of

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<v Speaker 3>what just happened.

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<v Speaker 1>Let's hear it.

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<v Speaker 3>Jerry said, I need to check levels. We didn't really

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<v Speaker 3>say anything, and she said, all right, you're ready. And

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<v Speaker 3>you said, we didn't say anything for levels. She said,

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<v Speaker 3>I don't need you to say anything.

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<v Speaker 2>She's like, in fact, I need you to stop talking.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, And then I had to wait until she said

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<v Speaker 1>start talking his mouth start talking? Monkey?

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<v Speaker 2>Goodness me? Is that where we are? Yep? How's it going?

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<v Speaker 1>It's good. I just want to before we really get started.

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<v Speaker 1>Chuck on to point something. I'm not sure if you

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<v Speaker 1>know this or not. O, boy, you have a paper

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<v Speaker 1>clip holding your glasses together.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah.

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<v Speaker 1>At first I was like, is he just storing the

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<v Speaker 1>paper clip? And I thought, no, he's not storing a

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<v Speaker 1>paper clip. Keep that tucked in his cheek. If he

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<v Speaker 1>were just storing.

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<v Speaker 2>It, that would like everything else store.

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<v Speaker 1>It's on the arm of your glasses where your glasses

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<v Speaker 1>meet the body.

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<v Speaker 2>Uh huh. You see there, it goes through.

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<v Speaker 3>It's the it's acting as the screw because the thing,

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<v Speaker 3>the screw came out and I need my glasses on

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<v Speaker 3>in order to put the screw in the glasses.

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<v Speaker 2>It's quite an under him.

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<v Speaker 1>Were you raised in Oklahoma in the depression?

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<v Speaker 4>No?

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<v Speaker 1>Why because you can get other glasses.

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<v Speaker 3>Dude, that's how busy I am. I can't go by

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<v Speaker 3>the glasses store.

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<v Speaker 2>I don't need new ones.

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<v Speaker 3>I just need someone with tiny fingers, okay, and good vision.

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<v Speaker 1>In Oklahoma could probably help you to put in the screw.

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<v Speaker 2>Ironically, and this is this worked so well.

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<v Speaker 3>I stuck this the paper clip in there, bent it

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<v Speaker 3>around and I kind of like it.

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<v Speaker 1>It is. It's handsome. It's a handsome. Look I think

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<v Speaker 1>you're gonna start there. Well, I like it. Oh boy,

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<v Speaker 1>thanks for playing a long sure. So, uh we're talking today.

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<v Speaker 1>The reason I said who's A? Who's A? Is because

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<v Speaker 1>we're talking Robinhood.

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<v Speaker 2>Is that from Robin Hood?

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<v Speaker 1>No, it's actually from the movie Role Models, the Paul

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<v Speaker 1>Rudd movie.

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<v Speaker 2>I like that movie.

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<v Speaker 1>It's good. I saw it the other day again.

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<v Speaker 2>Good dumb fun. Yeah, I love it. You know he

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<v Speaker 2>like wrote that Rud Yeah he's great. I like a Stiffler.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, he's great in that too.

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<v Speaker 2>His little buddy in that movie or whatever they call.

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<v Speaker 1>Him, Ronnie, Yeah, yeah, he was Ronnie. Yeah, he's amazing.

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<v Speaker 2>I expect great, great things from that kid. Ye, at

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<v Speaker 2>least I hope so.

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<v Speaker 4>Well.

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<v Speaker 1>Anyway, I was watching roll Miles the other day and

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<v Speaker 1>one of the larp guys comes up and goes, who's A?

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<v Speaker 1>And I was like, I always thought it was huzzah. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>Strickland always says it when he's dressed up like the

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<v Speaker 1>King of the Renaissance Festival.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, those larp scenes were funny too, right, But the

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<v Speaker 3>guy comes up and says, who's A?

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<v Speaker 1>So I was like, I can't wait to incorporate that

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<v Speaker 1>somehow Robin Hood here we go.

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<v Speaker 2>Prince of Thieves.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, And the reason why that would work is because

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<v Speaker 1>the LARPers were set in the medieval era, and everyone

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<v Speaker 1>knows Robin Hood's set in the medieval era. But actually

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<v Speaker 1>that's totally incorrect. Yeah, most of the time when you

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<v Speaker 1>see Robin Hood, it's set in the Tudor era, almost

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<v Speaker 1>almost variably in Sherwood Forest, which is a wooded area

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<v Speaker 1>and about the right smack dab in the center of England.

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<v Speaker 1>And everybody running around is acting like it's the fourteen hundreds,

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<v Speaker 1>maybe the fifteen hundreds, And that's all well and good.

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<v Speaker 1>If you're making a Disney version of it, reality just

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<v Speaker 1>goes right out the window. Right, it's Disney. It's a cartoon,

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<v Speaker 1>for goodness sake. Everybody lighting up.

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<v Speaker 2>But I love that version.

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<v Speaker 1>It's entirely possible and it's a good one. And there

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<v Speaker 1>are historians who believe that there was a real Robin Hood,

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<v Speaker 1>and they have spent a lot of time and effort

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<v Speaker 1>trying to track down exactly who it might be, exactly

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<v Speaker 1>when he might have lived, and my money and a

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<v Speaker 1>lot of historians place it right around the beginning of

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<v Speaker 1>the twelve hundreds the thirteenth century in England, long before

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<v Speaker 1>the tutors werever even a twinkle in anybody's loins.

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<v Speaker 3>But here's my bet is that Robin Hood is a

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<v Speaker 3>an amalgam amalgam of a few dudes that the writers

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<v Speaker 3>of history have filled in some blanks and then the

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<v Speaker 3>writers of literature just like ran with it.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, that's that's my take on it, as well as

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<v Speaker 1>that it's a few people served as role models for it,

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<v Speaker 1>role models and new plan that Paul rud is everywhere.

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<v Speaker 3>But there are some people who still think that there

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<v Speaker 3>was no such person at all, or maybe even persons.

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<v Speaker 2>It might have been wholly created.

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<v Speaker 1>Sure, But then on the opposite side, there are some

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<v Speaker 1>people and there are few and far between from what

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<v Speaker 1>I can tell, you believe there was a single person, yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>named Robin Hood, who did most of this stuff and

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<v Speaker 1>was the basis for these legends that.

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<v Speaker 2>They're called people who want to sell books.

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<v Speaker 1>So there's right, there's like they're like Robin Hood case

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<v Speaker 1>closed a big stamp to do it was like a

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<v Speaker 1>whole spectrum that you can just walk right up and say,

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<v Speaker 1>I believe this, and you're as right as anybody on

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<v Speaker 1>the Robin Hood train.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, so if we go back in time, you know,

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<v Speaker 3>I think everyone knows that early historians had a lot

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<v Speaker 3>of blanks and they weren't the most reliable narrators.

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<v Speaker 1>No, because they would just fill them in with stuff

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<v Speaker 1>they made up.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, because I think they didn't. I don't know if

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<v Speaker 3>they realized that early on. I'm speculating here that they.

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<v Speaker 1>Were really good historians.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, that they're like recording history. I think it was

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<v Speaker 3>more like, hey, this is a good story, and I

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<v Speaker 3>don't know, in five hundred years people are going to.

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<v Speaker 2>Be taking this as is written history. There's spinning yarn.

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<v Speaker 1>In this case. I don't think that's correct. I think

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<v Speaker 1>that they were they considered themselves actual historian thinks who

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<v Speaker 1>were getting to the bottom of history. But they had

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<v Speaker 1>a worldview, and specifically with Robinhood, it was I think

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<v Speaker 1>fifteenth century or sixteenth century Scottish historians who were the

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<v Speaker 1>ones who really kind of gave us the image of

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<v Speaker 1>Robinhood that we have drunk, the robbing from the rich

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<v Speaker 1>to give to the poor, the chivalry, a lot of

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<v Speaker 1>that stuff.

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<v Speaker 2>Anti establishment.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, that actually was part of it before they had

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<v Speaker 1>to kind of figure out how to make that one

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<v Speaker 1>work because it didn't make sense to them at the time.

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<v Speaker 1>But they basically said, here, we've got these ballads that

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<v Speaker 1>were written in the thirteen hundred, it's the fourteenth century,

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<v Speaker 1>and we think they're historical, so we're going to try

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<v Speaker 1>to put this in context. And the stuff we don't understand,

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<v Speaker 1>we're just gonna make up, but we're going to pass

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<v Speaker 1>it off as real. So there's this if you it's

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<v Speaker 1>one of those great things like with fairy tales. We

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<v Speaker 1>know all these fairy tales, and you remember we did

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<v Speaker 1>those those episodes on it. Yeah, but if you strip

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<v Speaker 1>away this stuff that's been added over the years and

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<v Speaker 1>get to the bare bones, it's way darker, a lot different, yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>and a lot different than what we know and love,

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<v Speaker 1>as you know, for in this case the robin Hood legend.

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<v Speaker 3>Right, So if you want to look at literature, like

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<v Speaker 3>you mentioned these ballads, the actual canon for robin Hood,

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<v Speaker 3>the very first mention is one called Piers Plowman p I. E. R. S.

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<v Speaker 1>Like Piers Morgan exactly.

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<v Speaker 3>From William Langland about thirteen seventy seven. And then there

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<v Speaker 3>were a host of other ballads and this is all

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<v Speaker 3>what was this Middle English, I think, so is that

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<v Speaker 3>what you would call it?

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<v Speaker 1>I don't know, maybe even old.

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<v Speaker 3>Like why's for vowels and things like that, like cannaburytail stuff.

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<v Speaker 1>I really don't know if it's Middle or Old English. Way,

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<v Speaker 1>it's barely legible.

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<v Speaker 3>It is a little and that is spelled l y

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<v Speaker 3>t y lll, which is great.

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<v Speaker 2>A little gest of robin Hood.

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<v Speaker 1>Those was that like Sean Connery maybe dope.

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<v Speaker 3>Gest of robin Hood. That's just straight up says Robin Hood.

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<v Speaker 3>And then a few more robin Hood and the Monk

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<v Speaker 3>robin Hood, and the Potter robin Hood, and Guy of

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<v Speaker 3>Gisborne and Robin Hood in the Temple of Doom.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, that one was super dark.

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<v Speaker 2>It was very dark.

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<v Speaker 1>The author had just broken up with his girlfriend.

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<v Speaker 3>And I think that's what brought us the PG thirteen rating.

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<v Speaker 3>It was mistaken that incremlins. So whether or not you

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<v Speaker 3>believe this stuff basically has to do with whether or

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<v Speaker 3>not these early songs you think are just songs or a.

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<v Speaker 2>Matter of history historical record.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, Like that's how before people commonly wrote stuff down.

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<v Speaker 1>Like at this time when this stuff was being written,

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<v Speaker 1>the people who were writing it were monks, those are

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<v Speaker 1>the only people educated enough to write, but people still

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<v Speaker 1>pass stories down. They did it through oral histories. So

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<v Speaker 1>it's entirely possible that these early ballads were meant to

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<v Speaker 1>were created to commemorate person or people or events or

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<v Speaker 1>something like that, and then just over time we lost

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<v Speaker 1>Wait a minute, are these fiction or nonfiction? But you're right,

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<v Speaker 1>like that's the divide when it comes to approaching robin

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<v Speaker 1>hood from an historical advantage, like are these just totally fiction, right,

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<v Speaker 1>or are they meant to commemorate something that actually happened.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, And it's easy through today's lens to dismiss these

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<v Speaker 3>things as songs. But back then, like you're saying, it's

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<v Speaker 3>like what better way to remember history, sure than to

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<v Speaker 3>set it to Come on, Eileen, you know.

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<v Speaker 1>Why that man? Why'd you just do that?

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<v Speaker 2>That's a great song.

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<v Speaker 1>It was the first thousand times I heard it.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh, you don't like anymore? You know.

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<v Speaker 1>That's one of the problems is it's like it's like

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<v Speaker 1>they just made ten songs in the eighties and that's

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<v Speaker 1>all you ever hear. There were so many more songs.

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<v Speaker 2>Burning down the house.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, it was once a great song as well.

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<v Speaker 2>I'm going to see David burndon night.

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<v Speaker 3>Oh cool with uh, So you've won't listen to kime

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<v Speaker 3>on Aileen, but you'll regurgitate the what's up Budweiser guys.

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<v Speaker 1>That was from the nineties. I've heard that less frequently.

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<v Speaker 3>What connection did I hear recently from the guy who

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<v Speaker 3>directed those I think he's directing movies now or something.

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<v Speaker 2>The guy who directed those commercials.

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<v Speaker 3>Right, they're like, you may like, you've never heard of

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<v Speaker 3>this movie director, but you right, remember these guys.

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<v Speaker 2>That was the gist of it.

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<v Speaker 1>I'm surprised those ads never got like a full movie themselves. Yeah,

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<v Speaker 1>it was that. That definitely that era.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh for sure.

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<v Speaker 1>Remember the Caveman from the Geico Ads. H they had

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<v Speaker 1>their own TV show for a come out. Yeah, like

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<v Speaker 1>for like three episodes see that.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, this totally could have been a TV show and

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<v Speaker 3>call it What's Up?

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<v Speaker 2>Guys?

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<v Speaker 1>Right, what's happening was taken?

0:11:48.679 --> 0:11:49.199
<v Speaker 2>All right?

0:11:49.640 --> 0:11:53.520
<v Speaker 3>So where were we? We were talking about the talking heads?

0:11:54.920 --> 0:11:56.959
<v Speaker 2>Oh, let's talk about the forest.

0:11:57.480 --> 0:12:01.680
<v Speaker 1>Well, the reason we're talking about the forest is because, well,

0:12:01.720 --> 0:12:04.720
<v Speaker 1>a character may or may not have existed. The stuff

0:12:04.720 --> 0:12:09.839
<v Speaker 1>in the ballads definitely bears a strong resemblance sexual historical events.

0:12:10.240 --> 0:12:11.040
<v Speaker 2>Yeah right.

0:12:11.280 --> 0:12:14.120
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, the forest is significant here because at the time

0:12:14.200 --> 0:12:18.160
<v Speaker 3>in the Middle Ages, how much head a percentage of

0:12:18.320 --> 0:12:22.920
<v Speaker 3>two thirds of the land in England was forest land and.

0:12:22.920 --> 0:12:23.719
<v Speaker 2>It was sort of a.

0:12:25.520 --> 0:12:28.880
<v Speaker 3>It was a place where the king, it was a

0:12:28.920 --> 0:12:30.920
<v Speaker 3>place where people could go hide out. So that's where

0:12:30.920 --> 0:12:34.599
<v Speaker 3>it gets this sort of outlaw lore is it was

0:12:34.640 --> 0:12:37.959
<v Speaker 3>a legit place for outlaws to go do their business.

0:12:37.600 --> 0:12:42.240
<v Speaker 1>Right, but it was also an outlaw hideout. Yeah, because

0:12:42.400 --> 0:12:45.199
<v Speaker 1>just by hanging out in the forest you were by

0:12:45.240 --> 0:12:48.480
<v Speaker 1>definition an outlaw because of those forest laws that were

0:12:48.520 --> 0:12:50.200
<v Speaker 1>super unpopular among people.

0:12:50.480 --> 0:12:52.960
<v Speaker 2>You know, forest law means what I don't know.

0:12:53.160 --> 0:12:54.079
<v Speaker 1>Well, I'll tell.

0:12:53.920 --> 0:12:55.880
<v Speaker 2>You what's days. What happens in the forest days in

0:12:55.920 --> 0:12:56.320
<v Speaker 2>the forest?

0:12:56.760 --> 0:13:00.400
<v Speaker 1>Yeahs unless somebody comes out and blabs about what goes

0:13:00.400 --> 0:13:03.640
<v Speaker 1>on in the forest. Do you remember, like being a

0:13:03.720 --> 0:13:05.920
<v Speaker 1>kid though, hanging out in the forest, in the woods,

0:13:05.960 --> 0:13:06.480
<v Speaker 1>like playing.

0:13:06.800 --> 0:13:08.960
<v Speaker 3>I grew up in on two acres in the woods,

0:13:09.040 --> 0:13:10.960
<v Speaker 3>so yeah, I was always in the woods.

0:13:11.000 --> 0:13:13.960
<v Speaker 1>Its own place it is. So you can imagine like

0:13:14.080 --> 0:13:16.840
<v Speaker 1>your whole country is like that, and like that's how

0:13:16.840 --> 0:13:19.600
<v Speaker 1>you're living. You're just an outlaw with your buddies hanging out,

0:13:19.880 --> 0:13:25.320
<v Speaker 1>having a campfire every night, eating roast pig that you

0:13:25.400 --> 0:13:26.560
<v Speaker 1>find wandering around.

0:13:26.920 --> 0:13:29.960
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, but it was weird because the king could like

0:13:30.679 --> 0:13:33.439
<v Speaker 3>that was his land where he could go have, you know,

0:13:33.480 --> 0:13:37.360
<v Speaker 3>go hunting, right and have his his dudes hunting. But

0:13:37.440 --> 0:13:41.120
<v Speaker 3>it was also lawless in a place to hide.

0:13:41.320 --> 0:13:42.760
<v Speaker 2>It was weird. There was a lot going on in

0:13:42.760 --> 0:13:43.520
<v Speaker 2>the forest, right.

0:13:43.559 --> 0:13:45.920
<v Speaker 1>So the reason why you were just by definition and

0:13:46.040 --> 0:13:47.640
<v Speaker 1>outlaw if you were hanging out in the forest is

0:13:47.640 --> 0:13:49.959
<v Speaker 1>because the king had these forest laws that said, all

0:13:49.960 --> 0:13:53.280
<v Speaker 1>this forest, this is mine. Yeah, this is for my hunting,

0:13:53.559 --> 0:13:56.000
<v Speaker 1>my friend's hunting, and that's it. If you're hanging out

0:13:56.000 --> 0:13:58.320
<v Speaker 1>in the forest, you're breaking the law. And it was

0:13:58.360 --> 0:14:01.440
<v Speaker 1>like a big law and like there was serious punishments first,

0:14:01.840 --> 0:14:05.000
<v Speaker 1>So just being in the forest made you an outlaw.

0:14:05.200 --> 0:14:07.320
<v Speaker 1>But even more than that, the people who went and

0:14:07.360 --> 0:14:10.880
<v Speaker 1>lived in the forest weren't like on the run necessarily

0:14:10.920 --> 0:14:13.400
<v Speaker 1>from the king and the king's officials. They were like

0:14:13.520 --> 0:14:15.920
<v Speaker 1>at war with the king and the king's officials. This

0:14:15.960 --> 0:14:19.760
<v Speaker 1>is a time where like just some schmoe like you

0:14:19.880 --> 0:14:22.840
<v Speaker 1>or me could like wage war directly with the King

0:14:22.880 --> 0:14:25.760
<v Speaker 1>of England and get him to come fight us basically,

0:14:26.120 --> 0:14:27.960
<v Speaker 1>and that's kind of what happened, and that's why the

0:14:27.960 --> 0:14:32.160
<v Speaker 1>forest was a backdrop for all of the robin Hood

0:14:32.240 --> 0:14:35.680
<v Speaker 1>legends from the beginning of the ballads up to the

0:14:36.120 --> 0:14:39.800
<v Speaker 1>Robinhood Men and Tights. They were all set in the forest.

0:14:39.880 --> 0:14:43.040
<v Speaker 1>And because this happened, the forest laws were passed and

0:14:43.160 --> 0:14:46.240
<v Speaker 1>everyone was really upset about it. So, whether it's a

0:14:46.280 --> 0:14:48.880
<v Speaker 1>metaphor or whether they're saying, like the king did this

0:14:48.960 --> 0:14:51.400
<v Speaker 1>and we need to commemorate it, or they were just

0:14:51.640 --> 0:14:54.440
<v Speaker 1>you know, building a foundation for why this action was

0:14:54.440 --> 0:14:57.040
<v Speaker 1>taking place, The forest like plays a huge role.

0:14:57.360 --> 0:15:02.920
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, and there's a new Robinhood movie out. Yeah, it's crazy,

0:15:03.000 --> 0:15:05.920
<v Speaker 3>Like it seems like every couple of years this this

0:15:06.120 --> 0:15:08.000
<v Speaker 3>just won't die. They're going to do a new version

0:15:08.040 --> 0:15:10.080
<v Speaker 3>of it. And there's a new one with the kid

0:15:10.160 --> 0:15:13.560
<v Speaker 3>from Kidd and play the Yeah with kid from Kidd

0:15:13.560 --> 0:15:13.880
<v Speaker 3>and Play.

0:15:13.920 --> 0:15:17.200
<v Speaker 1>He's awesome. He does that like jump through he remember

0:15:17.880 --> 0:15:18.800
<v Speaker 1>foot and then jump through this.

0:15:19.000 --> 0:15:19.800
<v Speaker 2>I used to could do that.

0:15:20.120 --> 0:15:22.840
<v Speaker 1>No, Yeah, I never could. Yeah, I would just fall

0:15:22.880 --> 0:15:23.640
<v Speaker 1>flat on my face.

0:15:23.720 --> 0:15:26.160
<v Speaker 2>Young Chuck was a little more fleet of foot.

0:15:26.560 --> 0:15:31.040
<v Speaker 3>Uh, it's got the kid from the Kingsman, you know

0:15:31.120 --> 0:15:36.200
<v Speaker 3>that guy he plays Robin Hood and Jamie Jamie Fox

0:15:37.160 --> 0:15:39.960
<v Speaker 3>is Little John, I guess, but it's you know, of

0:15:39.960 --> 0:15:43.560
<v Speaker 3>course this one he's he's shooting like literally like five

0:15:43.720 --> 0:15:45.760
<v Speaker 3>arrows at once, and they all manage to go in

0:15:45.800 --> 0:15:47.040
<v Speaker 3>different directions somehow.

0:15:47.240 --> 0:15:48.240
<v Speaker 1>Oh is it a comedy?

0:15:48.560 --> 0:15:49.840
<v Speaker 2>No, No, it's real.

0:15:50.080 --> 0:15:52.760
<v Speaker 1>Oh okay, Like there's guys coming at him from different directions.

0:15:52.560 --> 0:15:55.000
<v Speaker 3>And so he'll put like three arrows and shoot them

0:15:55.120 --> 0:15:57.400
<v Speaker 3>at the same time. Yet they'll all like spread out

0:15:57.440 --> 0:16:00.400
<v Speaker 3>like a machine gun fire or something, her shotgun.

0:16:00.240 --> 0:16:04.240
<v Speaker 1>And for some weird reason, he's going yeah, yeah with

0:16:04.280 --> 0:16:04.840
<v Speaker 1>every shot.

0:16:05.120 --> 0:16:07.240
<v Speaker 3>And then I was looking up movies today just while

0:16:07.240 --> 0:16:09.760
<v Speaker 3>we're on that, and I totally forgot there was a

0:16:10.520 --> 0:16:12.800
<v Speaker 3>Russell Crowe version that I didn't even see.

0:16:13.080 --> 0:16:15.480
<v Speaker 1>I think that was just Robin Hood, right.

0:16:15.480 --> 0:16:17.480
<v Speaker 2>Robin Hood from like twenty ten.

0:16:17.680 --> 0:16:22.280
<v Speaker 1>Surprisedly, Yeah, No, that's not the one. There's one that

0:16:22.360 --> 0:16:25.440
<v Speaker 1>like historians are like, this is about as close to

0:16:25.480 --> 0:16:26.760
<v Speaker 1>accurate as we've gotten.

0:16:26.960 --> 0:16:29.080
<v Speaker 3>Well, I looked up on the Russell Crowe and then

0:16:29.120 --> 0:16:31.920
<v Speaker 3>I think the deal is that one is a prequel

0:16:31.960 --> 0:16:36.600
<v Speaker 3>of sorts, because it's it's like the Wars before he

0:16:36.720 --> 0:16:39.119
<v Speaker 3>became you know, Robin hood.

0:16:40.720 --> 0:16:43.560
<v Speaker 2>That you know robs and gives to the poor.

0:16:43.720 --> 0:16:45.560
<v Speaker 1>I would go check that one out. The one that

0:16:45.600 --> 0:16:47.880
<v Speaker 1>I was thinking of is from nineteen ninety one. It

0:16:47.920 --> 0:16:52.640
<v Speaker 1>was directed by John Irvin, starring Patrick Bergen, remember him,

0:16:53.040 --> 0:16:56.400
<v Speaker 1>Oh yeah, and Uma Thurman. That's the one of the

0:16:56.560 --> 0:16:59.560
<v Speaker 1>historians are like, this really is the best out of

0:16:59.600 --> 0:17:01.040
<v Speaker 1>all of them, not Costner.

0:17:04.440 --> 0:17:06.560
<v Speaker 2>I like that movie when it came out. I'll admit it.

0:17:06.640 --> 0:17:09.600
<v Speaker 1>I saw JFK on the plane to Australian and I

0:17:09.600 --> 0:17:12.480
<v Speaker 1>gotta tell you as it came a Costner fan with

0:17:12.520 --> 0:17:14.959
<v Speaker 1>that one all over again is a great actor.

0:17:15.080 --> 0:17:16.320
<v Speaker 2>You fell in love all over again?

0:17:16.440 --> 0:17:19.639
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. Well, I specifically avoided Draft Day so I could

0:17:19.840 --> 0:17:21.600
<v Speaker 1>leave the door open to be a fan again.

0:17:21.880 --> 0:17:24.159
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, yeah, that's funny. I don't remember.

0:17:24.240 --> 0:17:24.359
<v Speaker 4>Uh.

0:17:24.520 --> 0:17:27.240
<v Speaker 2>All I remember was that preview for Draft Day.

0:17:27.280 --> 0:17:28.280
<v Speaker 1>That's all I saw it too.

0:17:28.600 --> 0:17:29.720
<v Speaker 2>But I just remember that.

0:17:30.080 --> 0:17:33.040
<v Speaker 3>They built up in that previous it's about the NFL Draft,

0:17:33.119 --> 0:17:35.880
<v Speaker 3>something so big, like I can't believe that happened, It's

0:17:35.880 --> 0:17:37.720
<v Speaker 3>gonna happen. I was like, what did they like kill

0:17:37.760 --> 0:17:38.800
<v Speaker 3>somebody in the draft room.

0:17:38.840 --> 0:17:47.360
<v Speaker 1>No, they drafted calling Kernick Capernick, that's so you Kaepernick whatever, let's.

0:17:47.200 --> 0:17:49.480
<v Speaker 2>Take a break. I feel like we're off the rails

0:17:49.480 --> 0:17:50.720
<v Speaker 2>and we're lost in the forest.

0:17:50.800 --> 0:17:54.480
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, and we'll come back right after this as W

0:17:55.520 --> 0:17:56.399
<v Speaker 3>s K as.

0:17:56.400 --> 0:18:01.639
<v Speaker 4>Big should know that.

0:18:04.680 --> 0:18:06.040
<v Speaker 2>That's why s K.

0:18:07.240 --> 0:18:10.280
<v Speaker 4>You should know why s K.

0:18:12.240 --> 0:18:19.000
<v Speaker 1>That we should know knows. But Josh Clark, by the way,

0:18:19.040 --> 0:18:22.000
<v Speaker 1>I want to say, I admire Colin Kaepernick or Kpernick,

0:18:22.040 --> 0:18:24.320
<v Speaker 1>and I might no disrespect by saying his name. You're right,

0:18:24.359 --> 0:18:25.280
<v Speaker 1>that is just so me.

0:18:26.280 --> 0:18:28.520
<v Speaker 2>Of course I knew you're kneeling right now.

0:18:28.560 --> 0:18:31.359
<v Speaker 1>In fact, I know that you knew, but I just

0:18:31.400 --> 0:18:33.159
<v Speaker 1>wanted to sure you know.

0:18:34.160 --> 0:18:36.880
<v Speaker 3>All right, So they're in the forest. The forest makes

0:18:36.960 --> 0:18:39.919
<v Speaker 3>historical sense, like we pointed out, that's where outlaws did

0:18:39.960 --> 0:18:45.560
<v Speaker 3>their bidding. And now we should talk about the king

0:18:47.480 --> 0:18:50.040
<v Speaker 3>because it's sort of not all over the map. But

0:18:50.080 --> 0:18:54.359
<v Speaker 3>there's a few a few people that some historians believe

0:18:54.400 --> 0:18:55.600
<v Speaker 3>could have been the King of note.

0:18:56.240 --> 0:18:58.960
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, but what's what's weird is if you read those

0:18:58.960 --> 0:19:02.560
<v Speaker 1>original ballads that are spelled all crazy, they mentioned the

0:19:02.640 --> 0:19:05.440
<v Speaker 1>king once. Out of all of you, there's just one

0:19:05.520 --> 0:19:08.639
<v Speaker 1>mention of the king, and they refer to him as Edward,

0:19:08.680 --> 0:19:09.480
<v Speaker 1>our comely King.

0:19:09.920 --> 0:19:11.880
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, which I think is Edward three.

0:19:12.000 --> 0:19:16.359
<v Speaker 1>Right, that's what some historians say if you take the

0:19:16.400 --> 0:19:19.600
<v Speaker 1>ballads at face value and that they were written contemporaneously

0:19:19.680 --> 0:19:21.200
<v Speaker 1>to Robin Hood's exploits.

0:19:21.280 --> 0:19:21.399
<v Speaker 2>Right.

0:19:22.080 --> 0:19:26.520
<v Speaker 1>But a lot of people and even in the popular culture,

0:19:27.160 --> 0:19:29.880
<v Speaker 1>the kings that are most associated with the robin Hood

0:19:29.960 --> 0:19:33.399
<v Speaker 1>legend are Richard the Lion Heart and his brother, the

0:19:33.560 --> 0:19:35.200
<v Speaker 1>sniveling villain, King John.

0:19:35.359 --> 0:19:37.960
<v Speaker 2>He's always sniveling and when he and so.

0:19:38.000 --> 0:19:40.920
<v Speaker 1>In the In the robin Hood legends, Robin Hood frequently

0:19:41.320 --> 0:19:45.280
<v Speaker 1>helped Richard the Lion Heart regain his throne from King John,

0:19:45.359 --> 0:19:47.920
<v Speaker 1>who had scheme to get it away from him. King

0:19:48.000 --> 0:19:51.240
<v Speaker 1>John's the villain King King. Really, Robin Hood's the hero,

0:19:51.359 --> 0:19:57.520
<v Speaker 1>but King Richard's like the backup hero. But they think

0:19:57.560 --> 0:20:00.440
<v Speaker 1>that it's possible in some of the best candidates for

0:20:00.560 --> 0:20:03.760
<v Speaker 1>who robin Hood is based on. Actually, we're running around

0:20:03.800 --> 0:20:07.399
<v Speaker 1>and interacting with the real life King John, if not

0:20:07.520 --> 0:20:08.920
<v Speaker 1>also King Richard too.

0:20:09.359 --> 0:20:12.840
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, but that doesn't make sense time wise, right, because

0:20:14.040 --> 0:20:15.800
<v Speaker 3>unless they just took a while to get around to

0:20:15.840 --> 0:20:18.720
<v Speaker 3>writing these stories, because they were around one hundred years

0:20:18.760 --> 0:20:22.480
<v Speaker 3>before the first Robin Hood ballad started appearing.

0:20:22.119 --> 0:20:25.879
<v Speaker 1>Right, which, in my opinion, lends credence to the idea

0:20:25.960 --> 0:20:31.639
<v Speaker 1>that the ballads are folklore based on actual events, because

0:20:31.640 --> 0:20:34.480
<v Speaker 1>that time span is just about enough for things to

0:20:34.520 --> 0:20:39.120
<v Speaker 1>be kind of changed and compressed and added to and

0:20:39.320 --> 0:20:41.719
<v Speaker 1>for a folklore to develop. Like, think about it, if

0:20:41.720 --> 0:20:44.160
<v Speaker 1>you're describing like an outlaw, Like if you or I

0:20:44.240 --> 0:20:47.760
<v Speaker 1>like wrote something about Billy the Kid based on stuff

0:20:47.760 --> 0:20:51.080
<v Speaker 1>we'd heard, what will we come up with? It'd be close,

0:20:51.160 --> 0:20:54.560
<v Speaker 1>but it wouldn't be like one hundred percent accurate, right right, Yeah,

0:20:54.600 --> 0:20:55.200
<v Speaker 1>that's a good point.

0:20:56.280 --> 0:20:59.920
<v Speaker 3>Richard, though, had a pretty interesting story when he died,

0:21:00.119 --> 0:21:03.240
<v Speaker 3>and this is something that is not lower but is

0:21:04.200 --> 0:21:06.960
<v Speaker 3>as close to recorded fact as we can get. He

0:21:07.119 --> 0:21:10.720
<v Speaker 3>was walking around the perimeter of a chateau in France

0:21:12.040 --> 0:21:14.119
<v Speaker 3>where he that was just there was a battle going on,

0:21:14.200 --> 0:21:16.520
<v Speaker 3>basically didn't have I get the feeling that it was

0:21:16.560 --> 0:21:19.200
<v Speaker 3>sort of winding down. So he may have d chain

0:21:19.280 --> 0:21:22.840
<v Speaker 3>mailed and was like just airing out his armpits or something.

0:21:22.880 --> 0:21:26.919
<v Speaker 3>Oh so sweaty, and he was shot with a crossbow

0:21:27.760 --> 0:21:30.359
<v Speaker 3>in the shoulder. Ordinarily might not have been a big deal,

0:21:30.400 --> 0:21:35.600
<v Speaker 3>but it turned gangrenous. And some people say as he

0:21:35.680 --> 0:21:38.000
<v Speaker 3>was dying, he said, bring me the man who shot me,

0:21:38.640 --> 0:21:40.880
<v Speaker 3>and they bring the man and he like forgave him

0:21:40.880 --> 0:21:43.320
<v Speaker 3>and said, spare this man. I may die, but do

0:21:43.400 --> 0:21:45.480
<v Speaker 3>not do anything to him. But that's not how it

0:21:45.520 --> 0:21:46.000
<v Speaker 3>turned out.

0:21:45.960 --> 0:21:50.120
<v Speaker 1>Is it. It's not the guy's name Peter Basil. And

0:21:50.200 --> 0:21:54.000
<v Speaker 1>after the king died, everybody turned to Peter Basil and

0:21:54.119 --> 0:21:55.560
<v Speaker 1>was like, you know you're dead, right.

0:21:55.680 --> 0:21:57.280
<v Speaker 2>He's like, I probably figured it.

0:21:57.480 --> 0:22:00.239
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, He's like I was really hoping that wasn't the case, best, right,

0:22:00.440 --> 0:22:03.480
<v Speaker 1>But didn't you hear him? He just said right, mother.

0:22:04.200 --> 0:22:06.960
<v Speaker 1>But they flayed him alive, which meant peeling the skin

0:22:07.000 --> 0:22:09.159
<v Speaker 1>off of his head while he was alive, unbelievable. And

0:22:09.240 --> 0:22:12.359
<v Speaker 1>then after he endured a lot of agony, they hanged

0:22:12.440 --> 0:22:15.399
<v Speaker 1>him without the skin because I'm sure they peeled it

0:22:15.440 --> 0:22:17.200
<v Speaker 1>off of his neck as well. Imagine how bad a

0:22:17.240 --> 0:22:21.120
<v Speaker 1>hanging would be. But then without your skin on your neck,

0:22:22.040 --> 0:22:24.040
<v Speaker 1>it's adding insult to injuries, what it is.

0:22:24.400 --> 0:22:27.000
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, So it was custom at the time that you

0:22:27.080 --> 0:22:32.000
<v Speaker 3>bury the king in different places, which sounds really horrific now,

0:22:32.600 --> 0:22:34.960
<v Speaker 3>but he was. He was cut up and buried in

0:22:34.960 --> 0:22:40.520
<v Speaker 3>different places heart in Normandy, his entrails and shallows, and

0:22:41.280 --> 0:22:44.560
<v Speaker 3>apparently the rest of his remains in anjou.

0:22:44.880 --> 0:22:47.240
<v Speaker 2>Right, so that was a good brother.

0:22:47.520 --> 0:22:48.920
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, that was Richard the lion Heart.

0:22:49.000 --> 0:22:49.480
<v Speaker 2>Yeah.

0:22:49.520 --> 0:22:55.240
<v Speaker 1>So he wasn't like deposed by his brother John. He

0:22:55.280 --> 0:22:59.280
<v Speaker 1>actually died. He was king for two years after their father.

0:23:01.200 --> 0:23:05.360
<v Speaker 1>What was his name, Henry, I believe, Henry the second, Yeah,

0:23:05.400 --> 0:23:08.520
<v Speaker 1>Henry the Second, right, Yeah, Okay, so after Henry the

0:23:08.520 --> 0:23:11.159
<v Speaker 1>Second died, Richard took over for two years, then he

0:23:11.240 --> 0:23:14.280
<v Speaker 1>dies and then John ascends to the.

0:23:14.200 --> 0:23:15.480
<v Speaker 2>Throne reign of terror.

0:23:15.960 --> 0:23:19.240
<v Speaker 1>And John was like he's known among historians as the

0:23:19.280 --> 0:23:21.280
<v Speaker 1>worst king England's ever had.

0:23:21.520 --> 0:23:24.320
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, he was, like you said, he was paranoid, he

0:23:25.600 --> 0:23:27.840
<v Speaker 3>had no scruples, he was humorless.

0:23:29.840 --> 0:23:31.200
<v Speaker 2>He was just not a good guy.

0:23:31.280 --> 0:23:33.159
<v Speaker 3>They point out in this article you sent he was

0:23:33.200 --> 0:23:35.720
<v Speaker 3>the opposite of Robin Hood and that he took from

0:23:35.760 --> 0:23:37.400
<v Speaker 3>the rich and the poor and just.

0:23:37.359 --> 0:23:38.280
<v Speaker 2>Gave it to himself.

0:23:38.520 --> 0:23:40.159
<v Speaker 1>I actually wrote that, did you write that?

0:23:41.080 --> 0:23:41.760
<v Speaker 2>Very well done?

0:23:41.880 --> 0:23:43.520
<v Speaker 1>Thank you, Thank you everybody.

0:23:43.560 --> 0:23:45.040
<v Speaker 2>It sounded like a Josh Clark line.

0:23:45.920 --> 0:23:48.119
<v Speaker 3>And in the movies, like John's always just sort of

0:23:48.119 --> 0:23:50.760
<v Speaker 3>a just that he's sort of a whiny baby.

0:23:50.840 --> 0:23:53.240
<v Speaker 1>He is, but he's also very powerful and very evil

0:23:53.280 --> 0:23:54.080
<v Speaker 1>and deadly.

0:23:54.000 --> 0:23:55.240
<v Speaker 2>Yes, and vindictive.

0:23:55.480 --> 0:23:59.080
<v Speaker 1>Right, Yeah, So this is in real life. That's how

0:23:59.119 --> 0:24:01.480
<v Speaker 1>he's remembered and just described. He was very well known

0:24:01.520 --> 0:24:04.080
<v Speaker 1>for being a heavy taxer. He would take your state

0:24:04.560 --> 0:24:06.920
<v Speaker 1>and he would use these funds to like enrich himself

0:24:06.960 --> 0:24:12.200
<v Speaker 1>basically like you were saying. But he was the noble

0:24:12.400 --> 0:24:15.680
<v Speaker 1>or he was the king that the nobles rebelled against

0:24:16.000 --> 0:24:19.040
<v Speaker 1>and forced to sign the magnet Karta. That was John. Yeah,

0:24:19.880 --> 0:24:22.359
<v Speaker 1>that means that he was such a bad king that

0:24:22.440 --> 0:24:26.880
<v Speaker 1>his own people rose up and took London hostage and

0:24:26.920 --> 0:24:29.520
<v Speaker 1>forced him to negotiate with them, and he signed this

0:24:29.600 --> 0:24:34.240
<v Speaker 1>document that forms the basis of civil and individual liberties

0:24:34.359 --> 0:24:37.440
<v Speaker 1>in the Western world, you know, the Magnet Carta signed

0:24:37.440 --> 0:24:40.320
<v Speaker 1>in twelve fifteen. So John was forced to sign that,

0:24:40.680 --> 0:24:44.159
<v Speaker 1>and this rebellion is kind of part of the Robinhood

0:24:44.240 --> 0:24:45.040
<v Speaker 1>legend as well.

0:24:45.440 --> 0:24:47.720
<v Speaker 2>Pretty cool. Yeah, he wasn't cool.

0:24:47.880 --> 0:24:51.280
<v Speaker 1>No, but I just thought everything going on around him

0:24:51.359 --> 0:24:53.879
<v Speaker 1>was cool. And I think that the point of John

0:24:54.720 --> 0:24:57.440
<v Speaker 1>and the reason why I think that he was part

0:24:57.480 --> 0:25:00.480
<v Speaker 1>of the basis of the robin Hood legend historically, is

0:25:00.520 --> 0:25:04.720
<v Speaker 1>that prior to John, when his father was king, there

0:25:04.800 --> 0:25:08.240
<v Speaker 1>was a respect for the rule of law and things

0:25:08.240 --> 0:25:12.000
<v Speaker 1>were just kind of run well, like the king didn't

0:25:12.040 --> 0:25:15.120
<v Speaker 1>act above the law. Well, King John was very much

0:25:15.160 --> 0:25:17.439
<v Speaker 1>not like that. He was above the law and acted

0:25:17.440 --> 0:25:19.760
<v Speaker 1>like it and flawn at it. So when his father

0:25:19.920 --> 0:25:23.080
<v Speaker 1>was around, the idea of an outlaw, an outlaw was

0:25:23.119 --> 0:25:27.320
<v Speaker 1>a villain. By the time John took over, or after

0:25:27.440 --> 0:25:30.800
<v Speaker 1>John took over, that had reversed. The outlaw was in

0:25:30.840 --> 0:25:33.640
<v Speaker 1>opposition to the king. The law was what was corrupt,

0:25:33.960 --> 0:25:37.520
<v Speaker 1>and so John's reign kind of gave this fertile ground

0:25:37.600 --> 0:25:41.680
<v Speaker 1>for a legend like Robin Hood, an outlaw hero to develop,

0:25:41.760 --> 0:25:44.080
<v Speaker 1>possibly for the first time in Western culture.

0:25:44.160 --> 0:25:46.480
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, it was prime time for something like this to

0:25:46.480 --> 0:25:47.239
<v Speaker 2>take hold. Right.

0:25:47.680 --> 0:25:52.080
<v Speaker 3>So, as far as who Robinhood may have been, historians

0:25:52.080 --> 0:25:54.760
<v Speaker 3>have tossed a lot of people into the pot over

0:25:54.760 --> 0:25:59.520
<v Speaker 3>the years, and most of them have some variation of

0:25:59.760 --> 0:26:00.440
<v Speaker 3>that name.

0:26:02.000 --> 0:26:03.679
<v Speaker 2>There was a Robin with a Y.

0:26:03.960 --> 0:26:10.000
<v Speaker 3>Hod h o d, a Robert Hood or Robertus not bad,

0:26:10.600 --> 0:26:13.280
<v Speaker 3>that was Gilbert Robin Hood.

0:26:13.840 --> 0:26:17.840
<v Speaker 1>Sure, why not with a Y N. So all these

0:26:17.920 --> 0:26:20.399
<v Speaker 1>historians are like, oh, it's got to be these three guys.

0:26:20.200 --> 0:26:22.200
<v Speaker 2>Right, Yeah, robin Hood with a U.

0:26:23.080 --> 0:26:25.879
<v Speaker 3>But here's what some other folks have finally said, is

0:26:26.640 --> 0:26:28.920
<v Speaker 3>you know what I think that name is not a name,

0:26:29.400 --> 0:26:34.240
<v Speaker 3>but it is a term for an outlaw. Yeah, so

0:26:34.240 --> 0:26:36.320
<v Speaker 3>it was created and there's a little bit to back

0:26:36.320 --> 0:26:36.680
<v Speaker 3>that up.

0:26:36.880 --> 0:26:39.720
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, there really is. They actually this is like as

0:26:39.800 --> 0:26:41.880
<v Speaker 1>clever as an historian.

0:26:41.440 --> 0:26:43.399
<v Speaker 2>Can get pretty good stuff here, clever.

0:26:43.160 --> 0:26:47.040
<v Speaker 1>And lucky some historians. I didn't find out who it

0:26:47.160 --> 0:26:51.600
<v Speaker 1>was or when, but they came upon a I guess

0:26:51.600 --> 0:26:57.680
<v Speaker 1>like a civic proclamation about prior, which is a church

0:26:57.720 --> 0:27:02.719
<v Speaker 1>official being pardoned for seizing somebody's assets. Yes, and the

0:27:02.760 --> 0:27:05.040
<v Speaker 1>person and he seized him without a warrant, which is

0:27:05.040 --> 0:27:07.720
<v Speaker 1>what he was being pardoned for. But the person whose

0:27:07.720 --> 0:27:14.560
<v Speaker 1>assets he sees was an outlaw named William Robehood. Okay,

0:27:14.760 --> 0:27:18.439
<v Speaker 1>Robin Hood right, rob e Hod. So they were like, okay,

0:27:18.520 --> 0:27:21.080
<v Speaker 1>this is a Robin Hood right here. They managed to

0:27:21.200 --> 0:27:25.560
<v Speaker 1>find the year's court record before for the same area

0:27:26.240 --> 0:27:28.960
<v Speaker 1>that there was only one prior in the area, and

0:27:29.000 --> 0:27:32.679
<v Speaker 1>that noted that the prior had seized the assets of

0:27:32.720 --> 0:27:36.359
<v Speaker 1>a guy named Robert Son or no william Son, yeah,

0:27:36.400 --> 0:27:40.120
<v Speaker 1>william Son of Robert Lefever. So what they figured out

0:27:40.280 --> 0:27:45.440
<v Speaker 1>was that the clerk in the pardoning proclamation wrote down

0:27:45.480 --> 0:27:49.520
<v Speaker 1>that the guy was a Robohoud, which meant a fugitive

0:27:49.520 --> 0:27:53.720
<v Speaker 1>an outlaw, and they say, okay, this is proof positive

0:27:53.760 --> 0:27:56.399
<v Speaker 1>that as late as twelve sixty two, no later than

0:27:56.400 --> 0:27:59.679
<v Speaker 1>twelve sixty two, the idea of using the term robin

0:27:59.680 --> 0:28:03.000
<v Speaker 1>hood or some variation of that as a term for

0:28:03.040 --> 0:28:06.360
<v Speaker 1>an outlaw generic term for an outlaw was so widespread

0:28:06.440 --> 0:28:09.480
<v Speaker 1>that a clerk could write that down denote somebody as

0:28:09.520 --> 0:28:13.280
<v Speaker 1>a robohod and people would know what they were talking about,

0:28:13.400 --> 0:28:16.199
<v Speaker 1>which means that that legend of Robinhood had to have

0:28:16.240 --> 0:28:20.320
<v Speaker 1>been around prior to this and in circulation for long

0:28:20.440 --> 0:28:21.680
<v Speaker 1>enough that it had spread.

0:28:22.200 --> 0:28:22.520
<v Speaker 2>Yeah.

0:28:22.560 --> 0:28:25.800
<v Speaker 3>So in effect, William's son of Robert Lefever is the

0:28:25.840 --> 0:28:29.720
<v Speaker 3>same person as William Robahod, right, And this dude in

0:28:29.800 --> 0:28:33.520
<v Speaker 3>twelve sixty two, this clerk just took it upon himself

0:28:33.520 --> 0:28:35.600
<v Speaker 3>to give him that name, and no one thought he

0:28:35.680 --> 0:28:36.560
<v Speaker 3>was crazy.

0:28:36.359 --> 0:28:40.840
<v Speaker 1>Right, Almost like he had written down William the bank robber, right,

0:28:41.000 --> 0:28:43.640
<v Speaker 1>or William the bandit yeah yeah, rather than writing his

0:28:43.800 --> 0:28:46.360
<v Speaker 1>last name, which frankly, he didn't have a last name.

0:28:46.400 --> 0:28:48.840
<v Speaker 1>He was son of Robert Lefever, yeah, because they didn't

0:28:48.880 --> 0:28:51.239
<v Speaker 1>have last names very much back then. So it was

0:28:51.520 --> 0:28:55.800
<v Speaker 1>very much like the clerk wrote William the Outlaw Bannit, Yes,

0:28:55.880 --> 0:28:59.920
<v Speaker 1>but what he used robahod or robin Hood instead of

0:29:00.040 --> 0:29:04.120
<v Speaker 1>outlaw Bandit is just somewhere over the ages we lost

0:29:04.160 --> 0:29:07.960
<v Speaker 1>that knowledge that Robahad or robin Hood meant that and

0:29:08.160 --> 0:29:09.360
<v Speaker 1>wasn't an actual person.

0:29:09.600 --> 0:29:13.760
<v Speaker 2>Right. So there's this other guy, Fulk Fitzwarren.

0:29:14.400 --> 0:29:17.280
<v Speaker 1>This guy, he is a bad dude.

0:29:17.360 --> 0:29:19.360
<v Speaker 3>He was a bad dude and he was a real guy.

0:29:19.520 --> 0:29:21.680
<v Speaker 3>And it turns out there was actually a personal link

0:29:22.160 --> 0:29:26.760
<v Speaker 3>to King John. They were pals, Little Fulk Fitzwarren and

0:29:26.840 --> 0:29:29.920
<v Speaker 3>Young John, who I bet Young John was a not

0:29:29.960 --> 0:29:32.280
<v Speaker 3>fun to be around. Now he's probably not a fun playmate,

0:29:32.360 --> 0:29:37.600
<v Speaker 3>yea mine. And here's one story. They were playing chess

0:29:37.600 --> 0:29:41.480
<v Speaker 3>one day, John got mad, broke his chessboard over Folk's head.

0:29:42.200 --> 0:29:45.080
<v Speaker 3>Folk kicked him in the stomach and John almost said

0:29:45.120 --> 0:29:47.920
<v Speaker 3>little John, but that would be a mistake. Little John

0:29:47.960 --> 0:29:50.560
<v Speaker 3>was a character which, by the way, I don't think

0:29:50.560 --> 0:29:53.120
<v Speaker 3>we mentioned Little John was referenced in all those old ballads.

0:29:53.520 --> 0:29:55.680
<v Speaker 3>See he's been around kind of since the beginning.

0:29:55.360 --> 0:29:56.720
<v Speaker 1>And they think they found his grave.

0:29:57.000 --> 0:29:57.400
<v Speaker 2>That's right.

0:29:57.560 --> 0:30:01.440
<v Speaker 3>So this John, as he was younger, went crying to

0:30:01.520 --> 0:30:04.680
<v Speaker 3>Daddy and said, he kicked me in the stomach. Expecting

0:30:04.720 --> 0:30:08.200
<v Speaker 3>to get some sort of back up, and apparently that

0:30:08.240 --> 0:30:11.120
<v Speaker 3>would have been Henry the second. I don't know if

0:30:11.120 --> 0:30:13.360
<v Speaker 3>he beat him, but he was beaten for complaining about

0:30:13.360 --> 0:30:14.280
<v Speaker 3>being kicked in the stomach.

0:30:14.360 --> 0:30:15.080
<v Speaker 1>Kanked him good.

0:30:15.360 --> 0:30:19.160
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, so no wonder John grew up to be a jerk,

0:30:19.440 --> 0:30:21.720
<v Speaker 3>right His dad did never have his back.

0:30:21.760 --> 0:30:24.479
<v Speaker 1>It sounds like, yeah, that's part of it, I'm sure.

0:30:24.880 --> 0:30:29.840
<v Speaker 3>So flash forward a bit. Folk's father passes away in

0:30:29.880 --> 0:30:34.560
<v Speaker 3>eleven ninety seven. He inherits his ancestral holding at Whittington.

0:30:35.200 --> 0:30:37.720
<v Speaker 3>John comes to power and says, I remember when you

0:30:37.800 --> 0:30:42.000
<v Speaker 3>kicked me in the stomach, what at bastard? I am

0:30:42.080 --> 0:30:47.440
<v Speaker 3>going to take your holdings, take your family estate basically,

0:30:47.760 --> 0:30:50.640
<v Speaker 3>and I don't give it to your enemy, old Maury

0:30:50.720 --> 0:30:54.720
<v Speaker 3>fits Roger. Yeah, sorry, Maury's. There's a name as an

0:30:54.800 --> 0:30:55.440
<v Speaker 3>ess at the end.

0:30:55.600 --> 0:30:56.560
<v Speaker 1>These names are great.

0:30:57.040 --> 0:30:59.680
<v Speaker 2>So Folk ends up murdering Maury's.

0:31:00.920 --> 0:31:03.880
<v Speaker 1>It might it might even be Morris Morris maybe.

0:31:03.640 --> 0:31:06.200
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, probably today it would be Morris fitz Roger.

0:31:09.720 --> 0:31:10.640
<v Speaker 1>That's a new pseudonym.

0:31:11.360 --> 0:31:18.480
<v Speaker 3>Fulk kills Morris, flees and basically wages a robin Hood

0:31:18.560 --> 0:31:22.120
<v Speaker 3>like war against John and his men for about three years.

0:31:22.320 --> 0:31:22.640
<v Speaker 1>Yeah.

0:31:22.680 --> 0:31:24.040
<v Speaker 2>So this could be him.

0:31:24.320 --> 0:31:27.160
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, it could be because not just the fact that

0:31:27.200 --> 0:31:31.920
<v Speaker 1>he was battling King John and fled to the forest

0:31:32.000 --> 0:31:36.080
<v Speaker 1>where he used as his base of operations. But there

0:31:36.080 --> 0:31:37.880
<v Speaker 1>are a few other things that came up. Like one

0:31:37.880 --> 0:31:40.600
<v Speaker 1>thing that's part of the legends but actually isn't part

0:31:40.600 --> 0:31:45.640
<v Speaker 1>of the earliest ballads is that that robinhood was a

0:31:45.640 --> 0:31:50.600
<v Speaker 1>fallen nobleman bud of noble birth who either lost or

0:31:50.640 --> 0:31:54.280
<v Speaker 1>renounced their title and became an outlaw and then regained it.

0:31:54.600 --> 0:31:59.480
<v Speaker 1>That's the story of Fulk fitz Warren, like he lost

0:31:59.480 --> 0:32:02.200
<v Speaker 1>his land, he lost his title to this other guy,

0:32:02.400 --> 0:32:04.880
<v Speaker 1>and then finally got it back when he was pardoned

0:32:04.880 --> 0:32:05.760
<v Speaker 1>in twelve oh three.

0:32:05.960 --> 0:32:07.680
<v Speaker 2>Right, pretty good candidate.

0:32:07.760 --> 0:32:13.840
<v Speaker 1>That was one. There's another one where Folk was known

0:32:13.960 --> 0:32:18.960
<v Speaker 1>to while he was a forest bandit. He would hijack

0:32:19.160 --> 0:32:22.160
<v Speaker 1>like the King's people who were carrying the King's money

0:32:22.400 --> 0:32:26.640
<v Speaker 1>album and he would say what do you have on you?

0:32:27.240 --> 0:32:29.640
<v Speaker 1>And the ones who told the truth about what they

0:32:29.680 --> 0:32:32.160
<v Speaker 1>actually had, the amount of currency they had on them,

0:32:32.600 --> 0:32:36.360
<v Speaker 1>he would let live very Robin Hoodie, very like straight

0:32:36.360 --> 0:32:38.760
<v Speaker 1>out of the legend. But the ones who lied, he

0:32:38.840 --> 0:32:41.680
<v Speaker 1>would you know, punish with their lives or whatever that

0:32:41.800 --> 0:32:45.080
<v Speaker 1>was super Robin Hoodie. There was also another character trait

0:32:45.120 --> 0:32:48.520
<v Speaker 1>of Robin Hood was disguised as using disguises. Folk Fitzwarren

0:32:48.640 --> 0:32:50.520
<v Speaker 1>was not above disguising himself.

0:32:50.760 --> 0:32:54.680
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, there was another guy historical outlaw named Eustace the

0:32:54.720 --> 0:32:59.120
<v Speaker 3>Monk who also had the disguised thing down, very much

0:32:59.280 --> 0:33:02.160
<v Speaker 3>like Robin exactly. He would disguise himself as a potter

0:33:03.680 --> 0:33:06.120
<v Speaker 3>and that even goes to the Disney cartoon. Yeah, these

0:33:06.160 --> 0:33:08.720
<v Speaker 3>disguises very much a Robin Hood thing.

0:33:09.880 --> 0:33:10.800
<v Speaker 2>I haven't I don't know.

0:33:10.920 --> 0:33:14.640
<v Speaker 3>Eustace the Monk doesn't seem as enticing to me as

0:33:14.960 --> 0:33:15.800
<v Speaker 3>Old fitz Warren.

0:33:15.960 --> 0:33:18.520
<v Speaker 1>No, fitz Fitz or Folk is.

0:33:18.920 --> 0:33:21.720
<v Speaker 3>He's my guy to Speaking of fits, though, we should

0:33:21.720 --> 0:33:23.720
<v Speaker 3>tell everyone that that little tag at the beginning of

0:33:23.720 --> 0:33:24.760
<v Speaker 3>the name means that you're.

0:33:26.080 --> 0:33:27.560
<v Speaker 2>You're a bastard child, right.

0:33:27.480 --> 0:33:30.520
<v Speaker 1>An illegitimate son. I look that up because it sounded

0:33:30.600 --> 0:33:35.640
<v Speaker 1>too good to be true. But the there was definitely

0:33:35.680 --> 0:33:41.080
<v Speaker 1>a kid named Fitzroy, which meant illegitimate son of roy

0:33:41.160 --> 0:33:42.920
<v Speaker 1>of the king. And I can't remember what king or

0:33:42.960 --> 0:33:45.920
<v Speaker 1>what the guy's first name was, and since then it's

0:33:46.000 --> 0:33:48.200
<v Speaker 1>kind of become code. But I don't know that that

0:33:48.360 --> 0:33:52.640
<v Speaker 1>was widespread at the time that necessarily Folk Fitzwarren was

0:33:52.640 --> 0:33:56.960
<v Speaker 1>an illegitimate son, or that any of the other fits

0:33:57.040 --> 0:33:57.360
<v Speaker 1>is were.

0:33:57.600 --> 0:34:01.360
<v Speaker 3>Oh yeah, I wonder today if like Patrick and Fitzgibbons

0:34:01.440 --> 0:34:04.840
<v Speaker 3>and like Fitzgerald, Fitzgerald is all Is that all mean

0:34:05.080 --> 0:34:06.960
<v Speaker 3>illegitimate son of Gerald or Patrick?

0:34:07.160 --> 0:34:09.120
<v Speaker 1>I don't know. I don't know what's the truth anymore?

0:34:09.600 --> 0:34:13.480
<v Speaker 2>Very interesting fits. Should we take another break?

0:34:14.280 --> 0:34:16.160
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, we'll let everybody ste on that one for a

0:34:16.200 --> 0:34:16.720
<v Speaker 1>little while.

0:34:17.760 --> 0:34:21.960
<v Speaker 2>We'll be back right after this. As why why why

0:34:22.200 --> 0:34:22.400
<v Speaker 2>s K?

0:34:22.719 --> 0:34:29.760
<v Speaker 4>As he should know?

0:34:31.120 --> 0:34:32.680
<v Speaker 2>That's why SK.

0:34:33.920 --> 0:34:36.960
<v Speaker 1>We should know why s K.

0:34:39.120 --> 0:34:40.120
<v Speaker 4>We should know?

0:34:40.120 --> 0:34:44.120
<v Speaker 2>Knows Clark.

0:34:45.040 --> 0:34:51.839
<v Speaker 1>All right, so we've covered Folk, and we covered Eustace Folk.

0:34:51.880 --> 0:34:53.960
<v Speaker 1>By the way, we got to tell that one story

0:34:54.000 --> 0:34:54.920
<v Speaker 1>real quick about him.

0:34:55.480 --> 0:34:56.440
<v Speaker 2>The beginning.

0:34:56.840 --> 0:35:00.960
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, he found out that another another band that was

0:35:01.080 --> 0:35:02.040
<v Speaker 1>using his name.

0:35:02.360 --> 0:35:04.520
<v Speaker 2>Pierce Morgan what was his name?

0:35:04.560 --> 0:35:04.840
<v Speaker 1>Pierce?

0:35:04.880 --> 0:35:06.400
<v Speaker 2>What Pierce to Bruville?

0:35:06.800 --> 0:35:10.200
<v Speaker 1>Okay, that sounds like these sounds like romance novel names. Yeah,

0:35:11.160 --> 0:35:14.520
<v Speaker 1>But he found out Pierce was using his name robbing

0:35:14.560 --> 0:35:18.640
<v Speaker 1>somewhere else. And he captured Pierce and his men, and

0:35:18.680 --> 0:35:20.480
<v Speaker 1>he made Pierce tie his men up and then go

0:35:20.520 --> 0:35:23.080
<v Speaker 1>around and behead every single one of them with his

0:35:23.120 --> 0:35:24.120
<v Speaker 1>own hands.

0:35:23.800 --> 0:35:26.080
<v Speaker 2>With I guess, with the assumption that he would be let.

0:35:26.040 --> 0:35:28.359
<v Speaker 1>Go, I guess, but he didn't. Then he cut off

0:35:28.400 --> 0:35:31.439
<v Speaker 1>Pierce's hands when he was dead. If this happened, Chuck,

0:35:32.200 --> 0:35:37.160
<v Speaker 1>can you imagine being in that house, that room where

0:35:37.239 --> 0:35:40.080
<v Speaker 1>there's like five, six, ten guys? I have no idea

0:35:40.080 --> 0:35:44.319
<v Speaker 1>how many men there were who were systematically beheaded and

0:35:44.360 --> 0:35:47.640
<v Speaker 1>so like, as you're waiting in line as the guy next,

0:35:47.680 --> 0:35:50.080
<v Speaker 1>he's getting his head cut off and your turns next.

0:35:49.920 --> 0:35:50.880
<v Speaker 2>There's heads everywhere.

0:35:50.960 --> 0:35:53.920
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, how much blood and gore was everywhere? Like can

0:35:54.000 --> 0:35:57.000
<v Speaker 1>you imagine like really put yourself into that situation like

0:35:57.080 --> 0:36:02.520
<v Speaker 1>that may have actually happened? So disturbing, so disturbing, Yeah,

0:36:03.040 --> 0:36:05.680
<v Speaker 1>like losing your head, that's that's I think that's probably

0:36:05.719 --> 0:36:09.560
<v Speaker 1>like the first mortal fear any humans ever experienced.

0:36:09.640 --> 0:36:11.600
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, Like we just.

0:36:11.680 --> 0:36:14.240
<v Speaker 1>Know, on like a primal level, the head is supposed

0:36:14.239 --> 0:36:15.640
<v Speaker 1>to be attached to the body, and when it's not,

0:36:16.200 --> 0:36:18.000
<v Speaker 1>there's something bad wrong that's going on.

0:36:19.400 --> 0:36:21.080
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, like your your death.

0:36:21.280 --> 0:36:24.880
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, didn't we determine though in a podcast nine and

0:36:24.920 --> 0:36:27.520
<v Speaker 3>a half years ago, that you stay alive for like

0:36:27.600 --> 0:36:29.080
<v Speaker 3>what six or seven seconds?

0:36:30.040 --> 0:36:32.880
<v Speaker 2>Second? That's what they found in rats after you were beheaded.

0:36:32.960 --> 0:36:33.160
<v Speaker 4>Yeah.

0:36:33.160 --> 0:36:35.600
<v Speaker 1>I remember that one guy who was guillotine like, he

0:36:35.719 --> 0:36:38.040
<v Speaker 1>kept like looking over and like trying to die. But

0:36:38.080 --> 0:36:40.080
<v Speaker 1>then they'd say his name and his eyes would open

0:36:40.160 --> 0:36:41.680
<v Speaker 1>back up and he'd be like what.

0:36:42.080 --> 0:36:45.239
<v Speaker 3>Oh, could you imagine the horror of potentially looking up

0:36:45.239 --> 0:36:48.040
<v Speaker 3>for four seconds and seeing your headless body?

0:36:48.200 --> 0:36:53.359
<v Speaker 1>No, No, my mind just rails against going there. Yeah,

0:36:53.440 --> 0:36:56.600
<v Speaker 1>it should, it's replacing it with the what that.

0:37:00.480 --> 0:37:00.919
<v Speaker 2>All? Right?

0:37:01.080 --> 0:37:03.520
<v Speaker 3>So there was a guy who wrote a book. A

0:37:03.520 --> 0:37:06.200
<v Speaker 3>lot of people are still trying to pieces together. This

0:37:06.239 --> 0:37:09.320
<v Speaker 3>is not something that historians put to bed years and

0:37:09.400 --> 0:37:12.719
<v Speaker 3>years ago. Definitely, not only fourteen years ago, in two

0:37:12.719 --> 0:37:14.920
<v Speaker 3>thousand and four, and probably since then. But there was

0:37:15.000 --> 0:37:17.759
<v Speaker 3>a dude named Brian Benison who wrote a book called

0:37:17.840 --> 0:37:19.320
<v Speaker 3>Robin Hood colon.

0:37:19.719 --> 0:37:23.640
<v Speaker 2>Case Closed, always a cult, the real story.

0:37:23.640 --> 0:37:25.560
<v Speaker 1>That's pretty close to Case Closed.

0:37:25.280 --> 0:37:26.040
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, pretty much.

0:37:26.560 --> 0:37:29.760
<v Speaker 3>And he says he's a lot, he's in the camp,

0:37:29.840 --> 0:37:34.880
<v Speaker 3>that Robin Hood is a name, like a title, similar,

0:37:34.960 --> 0:37:36.200
<v Speaker 3>he says to Billy the Kid.

0:37:36.320 --> 0:37:38.400
<v Speaker 2>Right, I thought Billy Kidd was a real dude.

0:37:38.200 --> 0:37:40.560
<v Speaker 1>Though, right, Yeah, I think his name is William Bonnie.

0:37:40.800 --> 0:37:42.279
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, but I mean he knew at the time that

0:37:42.320 --> 0:37:43.320
<v Speaker 2>he was called Billy the Kid.

0:37:43.280 --> 0:37:46.359
<v Speaker 1>Right, right, Yeah, it's a terrible analogy. I think so too,

0:37:46.480 --> 0:37:51.000
<v Speaker 1>because it'd be like Robin son of le Fever, right,

0:37:51.080 --> 0:37:53.480
<v Speaker 1>but you call him Robin Hood not even close now.

0:37:54.200 --> 0:37:57.200
<v Speaker 3>But at any rate, he claims it's a nickname and

0:37:57.239 --> 0:38:01.320
<v Speaker 3>that of a man named Roger Godbird or go Baird,

0:38:02.560 --> 0:38:04.520
<v Speaker 3>and he said he's the real guy. He said he

0:38:04.560 --> 0:38:09.560
<v Speaker 3>lived in the thirteenth century. He was a friend originally

0:38:09.600 --> 0:38:11.640
<v Speaker 3>of the Sheriff of Nottingham, Reginald Degray.

0:38:11.800 --> 0:38:12.839
<v Speaker 1>That's pretty significant.

0:38:12.960 --> 0:38:15.160
<v Speaker 3>And we should point out too that the one reason

0:38:15.160 --> 0:38:17.600
<v Speaker 3>we can't pinpoint a lot of this is that they

0:38:17.640 --> 0:38:20.000
<v Speaker 3>never name of the Sheriff of Nottingham they're talking about

0:38:20.000 --> 0:38:22.920
<v Speaker 3>in any of these stories, right, And that's not a

0:38:22.920 --> 0:38:24.960
<v Speaker 3>person's name, that's a title.

0:38:25.080 --> 0:38:26.960
<v Speaker 1>No, But there is such a thing as the Sheriff

0:38:27.000 --> 0:38:29.279
<v Speaker 1>of Nottingham that there was back then. But there were

0:38:29.320 --> 0:38:32.040
<v Speaker 1>many of them, right, exactly, just one after the other.

0:38:32.200 --> 0:38:34.360
<v Speaker 1>So that doesn't help that much, but it does zero

0:38:34.480 --> 0:38:37.040
<v Speaker 1>in sure on the area. But yeah, it doesn't help

0:38:37.320 --> 0:38:38.560
<v Speaker 1>get a time period down.

0:38:38.800 --> 0:38:41.920
<v Speaker 3>No, But he claims that it was specifically Reginald Degray

0:38:42.239 --> 0:38:47.239
<v Speaker 3>that Sheriff of Nottingham and after what four years is

0:38:47.280 --> 0:38:52.080
<v Speaker 3>an outlaw. The dude was captured, went to jail, pardoned,

0:38:52.440 --> 0:38:55.080
<v Speaker 3>and then farmed peacefully for the rest of his life.

0:38:55.200 --> 0:38:57.400
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, and I mean, that guy's a pretty good candidate.

0:38:58.600 --> 0:39:01.720
<v Speaker 1>He is because one of the things about the robin

0:39:01.760 --> 0:39:06.120
<v Speaker 1>Hood themes, despite some in some of that, I think

0:39:06.160 --> 0:39:09.520
<v Speaker 1>the ballads, No, not in the ballads. It would have

0:39:09.560 --> 0:39:11.160
<v Speaker 1>been in the ones that came later, so I guess

0:39:11.320 --> 0:39:14.440
<v Speaker 1>the ones that the Scottish historians added. He was battling

0:39:14.480 --> 0:39:19.440
<v Speaker 1>the king in the original ballads. All of the people

0:39:19.520 --> 0:39:23.320
<v Speaker 1>he was rebelling against and fighting were like local authorities,

0:39:23.920 --> 0:39:26.200
<v Speaker 1>like the sheriff of Nottingham. Yeah, so he was kind

0:39:26.239 --> 0:39:31.240
<v Speaker 1>of a working class hero among like the first working

0:39:31.320 --> 0:39:35.000
<v Speaker 1>class the West has ever seen. The Yooman farmers of

0:39:35.040 --> 0:39:37.400
<v Speaker 1>the era or of the area. They were like the

0:39:37.440 --> 0:39:41.600
<v Speaker 1>first like middle class that ever developed. Because either you

0:39:41.680 --> 0:39:45.319
<v Speaker 1>were a peasant, meaning you were a feudal slave to

0:39:45.480 --> 0:39:47.920
<v Speaker 1>the feudal lord and you worked the land whether you

0:39:48.000 --> 0:39:51.480
<v Speaker 1>liked it or not, or you were landed gentry like

0:39:51.560 --> 0:39:53.520
<v Speaker 1>you were a feudal lord and you had a peasantry

0:39:53.560 --> 0:39:55.200
<v Speaker 1>and you had, you know, a bunch of land. You're

0:39:55.239 --> 0:39:58.239
<v Speaker 1>friends with the king. Yeah, but in between there were yeomans.

0:39:58.680 --> 0:40:01.880
<v Speaker 1>I think that's how you say it. Why an yeomen yeoman?

0:40:02.440 --> 0:40:07.120
<v Speaker 1>There were yeoman farmers who were they weren't slaves, but

0:40:07.160 --> 0:40:10.120
<v Speaker 1>they didn't have a title. They just kind of made

0:40:10.200 --> 0:40:13.000
<v Speaker 1>their own way. And supposedly that's what Robinhood was. So

0:40:13.040 --> 0:40:16.360
<v Speaker 1>it sounds like that this was what this Roger Gobert

0:40:16.400 --> 0:40:19.800
<v Speaker 1>is right, he was the same thing. And the idea

0:40:19.840 --> 0:40:22.600
<v Speaker 1>that he was battling the sheriff of Nottingham, that would

0:40:22.600 --> 0:40:26.319
<v Speaker 1>place him more in the historical lens than say, if

0:40:26.320 --> 0:40:29.160
<v Speaker 1>he were like battling King John. That's actually a mark

0:40:29.200 --> 0:40:33.560
<v Speaker 1>against folk fitz Warren, because that doesn't appear in the

0:40:33.600 --> 0:40:36.640
<v Speaker 1>original ballads. It was he was battling the sheriff of Nottingham,

0:40:36.680 --> 0:40:40.560
<v Speaker 1>where he's battling local church officials. He hated the church officials,

0:40:40.680 --> 0:40:43.040
<v Speaker 1>but he loved God. He did so much so that

0:40:43.120 --> 0:40:45.440
<v Speaker 1>he would get arrested to come out to go to church.

0:40:45.640 --> 0:40:48.080
<v Speaker 2>Right. He just hated the clergy.

0:40:47.880 --> 0:40:50.799
<v Speaker 1>Right, which at the time those were the people who

0:40:50.880 --> 0:40:53.080
<v Speaker 1>were taking your land or throwing you in jail or

0:40:53.080 --> 0:40:54.680
<v Speaker 1>taking your stuff without a warrant.

0:40:55.000 --> 0:40:55.239
<v Speaker 2>Yeah.

0:40:55.280 --> 0:40:56.880
<v Speaker 3>And also when you look back on a lot of

0:40:56.920 --> 0:41:01.600
<v Speaker 3>these early ballads and stories, they're very, very different from

0:41:01.640 --> 0:41:04.480
<v Speaker 3>what the legend of Robinhood became to us in like

0:41:04.520 --> 0:41:09.920
<v Speaker 3>contemporary fiction. Apparently that the Jest Ballad only had a

0:41:09.960 --> 0:41:14.000
<v Speaker 3>couple of things that he did that were even close

0:41:14.040 --> 0:41:17.480
<v Speaker 3>to like these big altruistic acts that he's really really

0:41:17.800 --> 0:41:18.719
<v Speaker 3>most known for now.

0:41:18.880 --> 0:41:21.000
<v Speaker 1>I think one of them was he agreed to lend

0:41:21.080 --> 0:41:23.560
<v Speaker 1>money to a knight of the.

0:41:23.560 --> 0:41:26.840
<v Speaker 3>Really, here's five bucks, just pay it back with a

0:41:27.000 --> 0:41:27.960
<v Speaker 3>two percent big.

0:41:28.120 --> 0:41:31.239
<v Speaker 1>Right, But that right, but that whole steal from the

0:41:31.760 --> 0:41:34.200
<v Speaker 1>rich and give to the poor thing. Yeah, that came

0:41:34.239 --> 0:41:35.719
<v Speaker 1>thanks to the Scottish historians.

0:41:35.960 --> 0:41:37.960
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, all these authors sort of littered it with that

0:41:37.960 --> 0:41:41.560
<v Speaker 3>stuff because they found a champion of the underling basically

0:41:41.600 --> 0:41:43.359
<v Speaker 3>and the common man and ran with.

0:41:43.320 --> 0:41:45.400
<v Speaker 1>It just from standing up to the king or to

0:41:45.440 --> 0:41:49.520
<v Speaker 1>the authority who were acting unjustly and above the law themselves.

0:41:49.840 --> 0:41:50.040
<v Speaker 2>Yeah.

0:41:50.080 --> 0:41:52.360
<v Speaker 3>There's also no mention in those early tales of a

0:41:52.440 --> 0:41:57.279
<v Speaker 3>maid Marian, who seems to have come along later and

0:41:57.640 --> 0:42:00.279
<v Speaker 3>is actually one of a great example of one of

0:42:00.280 --> 0:42:04.840
<v Speaker 3>the first examples in literature of female empowerment of a character.

0:42:04.920 --> 0:42:07.759
<v Speaker 3>Because made Marian was no one's chump no in any

0:42:07.800 --> 0:42:11.480
<v Speaker 3>of these stories, and she was like a sort of

0:42:11.480 --> 0:42:15.440
<v Speaker 3>an equal to Robin, partially because of her spunk and

0:42:15.480 --> 0:42:17.480
<v Speaker 3>partially because Robin and the.

0:42:17.440 --> 0:42:21.920
<v Speaker 2>Stories at least, was kind of down with equality.

0:42:21.760 --> 0:42:24.919
<v Speaker 1>Right, Yeah, that was one thing. That and basically being

0:42:25.000 --> 0:42:31.280
<v Speaker 1>in Nottingham area or Yorkshire area but somewhere in the woods.

0:42:31.719 --> 0:42:34.799
<v Speaker 1>Those two things are basically the two constants throughout all

0:42:34.840 --> 0:42:37.920
<v Speaker 1>the Robin Hood legends that he was very much down with.

0:42:39.160 --> 0:42:43.440
<v Speaker 1>He was a feminist, yeah, and made Marian from what

0:42:43.520 --> 0:42:47.160
<v Speaker 1>I saw, she had her own series of ballads before

0:42:47.239 --> 0:42:49.400
<v Speaker 1>she appeared in the Robin Hood ballads. She was her

0:42:49.400 --> 0:42:52.319
<v Speaker 1>own character, and so when they were brought together, it

0:42:52.360 --> 0:42:55.439
<v Speaker 1>was kind of analogous to like putting Superman and Wonder

0:42:55.480 --> 0:42:58.480
<v Speaker 1>Woman in the same comic book basically, which is a

0:42:58.560 --> 0:43:00.640
<v Speaker 1>pretty cool move. That is a cool move, And to

0:43:00.719 --> 0:43:03.280
<v Speaker 1>keep her equal to him, that's huge.

0:43:03.120 --> 0:43:04.280
<v Speaker 2>Yeah, it is huge.

0:43:04.960 --> 0:43:07.320
<v Speaker 3>Whether or not any of that happened, it's kind of

0:43:07.320 --> 0:43:11.320
<v Speaker 3>irrelevant as far as literature's concern. There was one historian

0:43:11.360 --> 0:43:14.560
<v Speaker 3>in fifteen twenty one that wrote, Robin permitted no harm

0:43:14.600 --> 0:43:17.400
<v Speaker 3>to women, nor sees the goods of the poor, but

0:43:17.480 --> 0:43:21.360
<v Speaker 3>helped them generously with what he took from abbots, like

0:43:21.400 --> 0:43:24.120
<v Speaker 3>we were saying earlier with the clergy. But then in

0:43:24.120 --> 0:43:26.799
<v Speaker 3>some of the earlier stories, there's not a whole lot

0:43:26.800 --> 0:43:29.720
<v Speaker 3>of mention of that kind of stuff, except for one

0:43:29.800 --> 0:43:32.839
<v Speaker 3>that just had one comment that Robin did poor men

0:43:33.000 --> 0:43:33.520
<v Speaker 3>much good.

0:43:34.120 --> 0:43:36.840
<v Speaker 1>It's okay, sure, I guess it's better than like he

0:43:37.000 --> 0:43:38.400
<v Speaker 1>was the scourge of the poor.

0:43:38.719 --> 0:43:41.040
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, but it wasn't like they built the legend upon

0:43:41.080 --> 0:43:43.080
<v Speaker 3>that one kind of throwaway line. But I think they

0:43:43.080 --> 0:43:46.040
<v Speaker 3>did well yeah, yeah, yeah, right, but they didn't make

0:43:46.080 --> 0:43:47.680
<v Speaker 3>a lot of hay out of it, or at least

0:43:47.960 --> 0:43:48.799
<v Speaker 3>that one author didn't.

0:43:48.880 --> 0:43:51.640
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, not at the very beginning. In the ballads, yeah there,

0:43:51.680 --> 0:43:53.920
<v Speaker 1>it was also like way more violent, Like there was

0:43:54.680 --> 0:43:57.480
<v Speaker 1>one of the characters much the miller's son, Uh huh

0:43:57.920 --> 0:43:59.960
<v Speaker 1>much was his name? I just loved that guy's name.

0:44:00.520 --> 0:44:04.640
<v Speaker 1>Much was. I think in the ballads he lops off

0:44:04.680 --> 0:44:07.080
<v Speaker 1>the head of a page boy, a child to keep

0:44:07.120 --> 0:44:10.640
<v Speaker 1>him from like blabbing from what he saw. You know,

0:44:10.719 --> 0:44:14.279
<v Speaker 1>the location of where the merry Men were right there,

0:44:14.400 --> 0:44:18.720
<v Speaker 1>It was way more violent than than the later ones

0:44:19.360 --> 0:44:20.640
<v Speaker 1>depicted Robin hood.

0:44:20.920 --> 0:44:25.319
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, they were though, all Robin and his merry Men

0:44:25.880 --> 0:44:28.600
<v Speaker 3>archery was always a big deal. They're all very skilled

0:44:28.680 --> 0:44:32.080
<v Speaker 3>archers and one of the swordsmen, but they were all

0:44:32.200 --> 0:44:36.279
<v Speaker 3>super skilled horsemen, and that's not something that you see

0:44:36.320 --> 0:44:38.719
<v Speaker 3>as much, right, although I think in this new movie

0:44:38.719 --> 0:44:40.320
<v Speaker 3>there he's pretty good horsemen.

0:44:40.480 --> 0:44:43.000
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I mean imagine, like it's it's hard enough to

0:44:43.000 --> 0:44:45.120
<v Speaker 1>be good on a horse, but a horse in a forest,

0:44:45.440 --> 0:44:47.160
<v Speaker 1>that's that's like a whole different level.

0:44:47.239 --> 0:44:51.200
<v Speaker 3>Shooting arrows. Yeah, like a Mongol exactly. And that was

0:44:51.239 --> 0:44:52.319
<v Speaker 3>who was so good.

0:44:52.440 --> 0:44:58.520
<v Speaker 1>Yep, the Mongols. The Mongol hordes who made their thigh steaks.

0:45:00.480 --> 0:45:03.000
<v Speaker 1>Remember they sat on raw meat on their saddles to

0:45:03.360 --> 0:45:06.240
<v Speaker 1>cure it. Tar tar, stake, tartar.

0:45:08.000 --> 0:45:08.960
<v Speaker 2>What else you got anything?

0:45:10.239 --> 0:45:13.960
<v Speaker 1>Oh? He was killed by a treacherous priorus, a female

0:45:14.000 --> 0:45:17.280
<v Speaker 1>church official, kind of like a middle manager.

0:45:17.360 --> 0:45:19.680
<v Speaker 2>None, a middle manager none.

0:45:19.760 --> 0:45:22.719
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, he went to go see none for oh right,

0:45:23.280 --> 0:45:25.719
<v Speaker 1>was he hurt healthcare? I'm not sure what it was,

0:45:25.760 --> 0:45:28.600
<v Speaker 1>but he went to go get bled and she purposefully

0:45:28.800 --> 0:45:32.160
<v Speaker 1>overbled him. And then when he asked to be buried

0:45:32.160 --> 0:45:33.920
<v Speaker 1>somewhere and she's like, nope, I'm going to bury you

0:45:33.960 --> 0:45:37.279
<v Speaker 1>on the side of the road. And she supposedly erected

0:45:37.800 --> 0:45:42.640
<v Speaker 1>a This is in Kirkles. She erected a stone that

0:45:42.880 --> 0:45:46.560
<v Speaker 1>said here lies Robin hood or something. I don't remember

0:45:46.640 --> 0:45:52.719
<v Speaker 1>exactly what variation of Robinhood it was Robert hood Hude

0:45:54.080 --> 0:45:57.120
<v Speaker 1>and supposedly she erected it, and this was written hundreds

0:45:57.120 --> 0:46:01.360
<v Speaker 1>of years later to basically let travelers through the woods

0:46:01.400 --> 0:46:03.920
<v Speaker 1>know that they didn't have to fear being held up

0:46:03.960 --> 0:46:04.600
<v Speaker 1>any longer.

0:46:05.040 --> 0:46:08.880
<v Speaker 3>Apparently if your name had the initials r h, it

0:46:09.000 --> 0:46:09.680
<v Speaker 3>was fair game.

0:46:09.960 --> 0:46:10.200
<v Speaker 1>Yeah.

0:46:10.360 --> 0:46:11.200
<v Speaker 2>They really have.

0:46:11.239 --> 0:46:14.880
<v Speaker 3>A lot of leeway here with with things like hood

0:46:15.000 --> 0:46:15.719
<v Speaker 3>hod Hod.

0:46:15.960 --> 0:46:18.399
<v Speaker 1>Yeah. Well everybody was illiterate, so it didn't matter.

0:46:18.560 --> 0:46:24.000
<v Speaker 3>Robin Robert robertus, come on, maybe I'm maybe, I'm I'm.

0:46:23.840 --> 0:46:26.760
<v Speaker 1>Mine, you middle English dumb dums.

0:46:27.080 --> 0:46:29.440
<v Speaker 3>And supposedly, after as he was dying, he used his

0:46:29.520 --> 0:46:31.440
<v Speaker 3>last bit of energy to shoot it, to fire an

0:46:31.560 --> 0:46:33.920
<v Speaker 3>arrow and say that's where I want to be buried.

0:46:33.960 --> 0:46:36.520
<v Speaker 3>That's what she was like. That was nice for the movies,

0:46:36.520 --> 0:46:38.000
<v Speaker 3>but yeah, it's not happening.

0:46:38.040 --> 0:46:40.520
<v Speaker 1>She's like, yeah, sure, sure you can die knowing that

0:46:40.600 --> 0:46:41.640
<v Speaker 1>I'll bury you.

0:46:41.480 --> 0:46:44.120
<v Speaker 3>Just there over bled. Man, can you imagine, because I

0:46:44.160 --> 0:46:45.560
<v Speaker 3>guess you just get so weak.

0:46:45.520 --> 0:46:46.560
<v Speaker 1>That I can't imagine.

0:46:46.600 --> 0:46:50.279
<v Speaker 3>You're probably like I think I'm good. But I'm not

0:46:50.280 --> 0:46:52.960
<v Speaker 3>feeling so hot. She's like, just a little more.

0:46:54.480 --> 0:46:57.759
<v Speaker 1>I'm not dead yet. Yeah, you got anything else?

0:46:57.920 --> 0:46:58.200
<v Speaker 2>Nothing?

0:46:58.480 --> 0:47:02.239
<v Speaker 1>So that was robin Hood history. And if you love

0:47:02.320 --> 0:47:05.080
<v Speaker 1>history too, we'll go look up some Roberhood stuff on

0:47:05.120 --> 0:47:07.120
<v Speaker 1>the internet. Since I said that it is time for

0:47:07.160 --> 0:47:07.960
<v Speaker 1>this moment.

0:47:09.920 --> 0:47:12.640
<v Speaker 3>I'm gonna call this one of the many, many, many

0:47:12.719 --> 0:47:14.120
<v Speaker 3>roundabouts emails that we.

0:47:14.080 --> 0:47:17.000
<v Speaker 2>Got a lot. Everyone loves their roundabouts.

0:47:17.080 --> 0:47:17.399
<v Speaker 1>I know.

0:47:17.680 --> 0:47:21.160
<v Speaker 3>It was really surprising, like everyone wanted to talk about

0:47:21.160 --> 0:47:22.240
<v Speaker 3>their hometown roundabout.

0:47:22.760 --> 0:47:24.360
<v Speaker 1>Everybody's very proud of their roundabout.

0:47:24.440 --> 0:47:26.040
<v Speaker 2>Apologies to the people of Carmel.

0:47:26.800 --> 0:47:27.240
<v Speaker 1>Carmel.

0:47:28.320 --> 0:47:29.400
<v Speaker 2>No, didn't say it was Carmel.

0:47:29.560 --> 0:47:30.520
<v Speaker 1>I don't remember anymore.

0:47:30.640 --> 0:47:31.719
<v Speaker 2>I think it's supposed to be Carmel.

0:47:31.800 --> 0:47:32.720
<v Speaker 1>Let's go with Carmel.

0:47:33.480 --> 0:47:36.319
<v Speaker 3>Hey, guys, just finished roundabouts. I thought i'd pitch a

0:47:36.320 --> 0:47:40.200
<v Speaker 3>little info on our local one. In Alexandria, Louisiana the

0:47:40.280 --> 0:47:42.439
<v Speaker 3>nineteen forties, it built two circles part of a road

0:47:42.440 --> 0:47:46.600
<v Speaker 3>project speed up travel between two local military bases that

0:47:46.600 --> 0:47:49.759
<v Speaker 3>had popped up to during World War Two. The larger

0:47:49.800 --> 0:47:51.520
<v Speaker 3>of the two is still in use, so it's notorious

0:47:51.560 --> 0:47:55.840
<v Speaker 3>and the area for traffic accidents, especially during heavy traffic

0:47:55.840 --> 0:47:58.560
<v Speaker 3>and bad weather. It's a two lane circle with a

0:47:58.640 --> 0:48:00.720
<v Speaker 3>large forested area in the very so that is probably

0:48:00.719 --> 0:48:03.440
<v Speaker 3>the size of a city block. Like other roundabouts, you

0:48:03.480 --> 0:48:05.480
<v Speaker 3>must yield to traffic already on the circle. There are

0:48:05.480 --> 0:48:08.239
<v Speaker 3>two lanes that funnel traffic under the circle, and only

0:48:08.280 --> 0:48:10.839
<v Speaker 3>one lane for getting off. This means that if you're

0:48:10.880 --> 0:48:13.400
<v Speaker 3>in the if you enter the left lane, you have

0:48:13.440 --> 0:48:15.560
<v Speaker 3>to merge to the right lane before you can exit.

0:48:16.280 --> 0:48:17.439
<v Speaker 2>Because the circle is so big.

0:48:17.440 --> 0:48:19.560
<v Speaker 3>Though the speed limit is forty five miles an hour,

0:48:20.120 --> 0:48:24.920
<v Speaker 3>within this circle, people inevitably go too fast, or sometimes

0:48:25.000 --> 0:48:29.280
<v Speaker 3>lanes change as slower cars are entering the circle, resulting

0:48:29.440 --> 0:48:33.279
<v Speaker 3>in rear end crashes. The problem is frequent enough that

0:48:33.280 --> 0:48:36.520
<v Speaker 3>the city is seriously looking into eliminating the circle.

0:48:36.800 --> 0:48:38.800
<v Speaker 2>Oooh no definitive planet.

0:48:38.840 --> 0:48:41.640
<v Speaker 3>It's replacement has been settled on, and some locals are

0:48:41.640 --> 0:48:44.359
<v Speaker 3>concerned about disrupting wildlife in the forest as well, which

0:48:44.400 --> 0:48:47.520
<v Speaker 3>is delayed any definitive action on whether the circle will

0:48:47.560 --> 0:48:48.560
<v Speaker 3>continue to exist.

0:48:49.239 --> 0:48:50.880
<v Speaker 1>May the Circle be unbroken.

0:48:51.320 --> 0:48:52.480
<v Speaker 2>Warmest regards.

0:48:52.880 --> 0:48:56.440
<v Speaker 3>I love that Marshall Wells from Colfax, Louisiana.

0:48:56.480 --> 0:49:00.960
<v Speaker 1>Thanks a lot, Marshall, appreciate that great story. Let us

0:49:00.960 --> 0:49:02.840
<v Speaker 1>know how it pans out because we worry about the

0:49:02.880 --> 0:49:03.520
<v Speaker 1>wildlife too.

0:49:03.680 --> 0:49:06.120
<v Speaker 3>Yeah, and thanks for everyone who wrote in about the roundabouts.

0:49:06.160 --> 0:49:07.160
<v Speaker 3>I love the enthusiasm.

0:49:07.320 --> 0:49:12.440
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, it's nice, especially from Carmel Cormel. If you want

0:49:12.480 --> 0:49:14.160
<v Speaker 1>to get in touch with us, do that. You can

0:49:14.200 --> 0:49:16.040
<v Speaker 1>go to stuff you Should Know dot com find out

0:49:16.080 --> 0:49:18.239
<v Speaker 1>social media links, and you can also send us an

0:49:18.239 --> 0:49:24.760
<v Speaker 1>email to stuff podcast at HowStuffWorks dot com.

0:49:24.960 --> 0:49:27.840
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0:49:27.920 --> 0:49:32.080
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0:49:32.200 --> 0:49:34.040
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