WEBVTT - Bloomberg Wall Street Week - July 21st, 2023

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<v Speaker 1>This is Bloomberg Wall Street Week.

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<v Speaker 2>And we may not have an overall recession, We're having

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<v Speaker 2>a rolling recession to conge roll looks pretty strongly it

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<v Speaker 2>is when it comes to jobs.

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<v Speaker 1>The financial stories that shape our world.

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<v Speaker 2>Three major regional bank failures send shockwaves through the banking system.

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<v Speaker 2>We're all trying to figure out what to make of

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<v Speaker 2>generative AI.

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<v Speaker 1>Through the eyes of the most influential voices.

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<v Speaker 2>Welcome down, Doctor Paul Krugman, Ryan moynihan, Bank of America,

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<v Speaker 2>deebro Lair of the Paulson Institute, well then Hubbard of

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<v Speaker 2>the Columbia Business School.

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<v Speaker 1>Bloomberg Wall Street Week with David Weston from Bloomberg Radio.

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<v Speaker 2>Taking different paths. China slows down as the United States

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<v Speaker 2>heads toward a soft landing after all, and Morgan Stanley

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<v Speaker 2>fires on all cylinders while Goldman reboots. This is Bloomberg

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<v Speaker 2>Wall Street Week. I'm David Weston. This week contributors Larry

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<v Speaker 2>Summers of Harvard and Steve Rattner of will It Advisors

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<v Speaker 2>on what generative AI could mean for the economy and

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<v Speaker 2>for investors.

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<v Speaker 3>I have a suspicion that AI is coming for the

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<v Speaker 3>cognitive clash.

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<v Speaker 4>History is probably still on the side that we will

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<v Speaker 4>find our way through this in a positive way.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh And Thomas of Boston Properties on just how bad

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<v Speaker 2>it could get in commercial real estate.

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<v Speaker 5>The sentiment is worse than the reality that we're experiencing.

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<v Speaker 2>And Dennis Arfa of Artist Group International about what Taylor

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<v Speaker 2>Swift's billion dollar tour means for the business of music.

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<v Speaker 6>She's raised the bar, she said, a new bar.

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<v Speaker 1>Global.

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<v Speaker 2>Wall Street spent the week looking two different directions as

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<v Speaker 2>China economic numbers once again pointed to a disappointing year.

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<v Speaker 7>The private sector is a big part of the Chinese economy.

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<v Speaker 7>They're just not spending or investing like they used to, and.

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<v Speaker 2>Kris Delina Giorgieva of the IMF warned about what that

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<v Speaker 2>could mean for the rest of the world.

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<v Speaker 1>In a slowing down, of course, affects Setia, affects the worlds.

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<v Speaker 2>But at the same time that the numbers seem to

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<v Speaker 2>be getting worse in China, they continue to point towards

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<v Speaker 2>strength in the United States, leading Treasury Secretary of Yellen

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<v Speaker 2>to say a US recession may be off the table.

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<v Speaker 6>I don't expect a recession.

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<v Speaker 5>I think that we're on a good pass to bringing

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<v Speaker 5>inslation downs that.

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<v Speaker 2>Stronger than we saw at US economy helped most of

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<v Speaker 2>the big banks do better than we expected on their earnings,

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<v Speaker 2>led by Morgan Stanley, with CEO James Gorman chalking the

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<v Speaker 2>success up to three basic things.

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<v Speaker 8>The combination of really high conservative capital levels, pl vious.

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<v Speaker 2>Organic growth within a couple of cool businesses, and very

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<v Speaker 2>high diven end yeok. But things weren't quite as rosy

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<v Speaker 2>over at Gold and Sachs, with reduced profits in part

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<v Speaker 2>because of challenges in the commercial real estate business.

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<v Speaker 7>They have about twenty eight billion dollars in loans in

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<v Speaker 7>the commercial real estate space, so that's about fifteen percent

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<v Speaker 7>of their total lown portfolio.

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<v Speaker 2>And CEO David Solomon admitted that the bank is going

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<v Speaker 2>through something of a rebuilding period. We're making tough decisions

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<v Speaker 2>that are driving the strategic evolution of firm. Given both

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<v Speaker 2>these factors, that should come as no surprise that we're

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<v Speaker 2>going to a period of lower results through it all,

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<v Speaker 2>The S and P five hundred continued, it's surprising march upward,

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<v Speaker 2>adding another seven tens of an percent to end the

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<v Speaker 2>week at forty five thirty six, way above where the

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<v Speaker 2>Bloomberg elves had been, although in fairness, the Elves have

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<v Speaker 2>been taking their median estimate up now indicating a forty

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<v Speaker 2>three hundred SMP by the end of the year. The

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<v Speaker 2>NANTSAC didn't do quite well, giving up just under six

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<v Speaker 2>tens percent, while the yield and the tenure was just

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<v Speaker 2>about flat, hanging out at three point eight three, though

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<v Speaker 2>it did dip as low as three point seven three

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<v Speaker 2>on Wednesday and then flirted with three point eighty seven

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<v Speaker 2>late on Thursday. To take us through the week in

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<v Speaker 2>the markets and what investors should make of then we

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<v Speaker 2>welcome back Sarah Malak, she's Nouvene chief Invents one officer,

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<v Speaker 2>and Christina Hooper and Vesco chief Global Market Strategy. So

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<v Speaker 2>welcome to both of you. Thanks for being back with this.

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<v Speaker 2>Let me start with you. As for Christina, what did

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<v Speaker 2>you make of the week of the markets?

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<v Speaker 9>So I was happy to see a continued broadening in markets.

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<v Speaker 9>So we didn't see tech do well, but that's okay

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<v Speaker 9>because there was more participation from a variety of sectors.

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<v Speaker 9>So I think in general this is a fairly healthy environment,

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<v Speaker 9>but we should expect that it's not surprising if we

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<v Speaker 9>get some kind of pullback we've had a strong rally

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<v Speaker 9>this year, there should be or there should likely be,

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<v Speaker 9>a digestion period over the coming months, So a.

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<v Speaker 2>Broadening in the market. Do you see that as well, Sarah,

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<v Speaker 2>We actually at Bloomberg have a chart indicating the relationship

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<v Speaker 2>between small caps and the S and P five hundred,

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<v Speaker 2>suggesting is a bigger divergence that there been in twenty years.

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<v Speaker 2>Are you seeing a broadening of the markets or not.

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<v Speaker 10>Well, there's three reasons why the bulls beat the bears

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<v Speaker 10>again this week. One is broader participation in the indexes,

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<v Speaker 10>Second is inflation, which is continuing to moderate, and third,

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<v Speaker 10>of course is earning seas and so participation rate for

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<v Speaker 10>everything outside of those top ten technology socks has been

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<v Speaker 10>very strong since June. First, that's a healthy sign for

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<v Speaker 10>the markets. Moderating inflation with CPI and PPI coming in

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<v Speaker 10>under expectations is another positive. But we are still concerned

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<v Speaker 10>about wage inflation and core inflation, which remains above the

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<v Speaker 10>FEDCE target.

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<v Speaker 2>So sure, we're still early on in the earning scenes

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<v Speaker 2>so far, so we'll have to find out what actually happens.

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<v Speaker 2>But where are you in the S and P five

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<v Speaker 2>hundred by the end of the year.

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<v Speaker 10>We still think there's upside as long as employment markets

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<v Speaker 10>remain strong and the consumers keep spending, and you tend

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<v Speaker 10>to see that when people are comfortable with their jobs,

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<v Speaker 10>they will keep spending money. I think the market still

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<v Speaker 10>has upside if that's the case now. I do acknowledge

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<v Speaker 10>sixteen months of monetary tightening, including what we think is

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<v Speaker 10>one more rate hike next week until and then we're

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<v Speaker 10>done with rate hikes for a while. But all of

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<v Speaker 10>that putting together, as long as we don't see a

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<v Speaker 10>recession this year, which we doubt that we will, I

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<v Speaker 10>think the markets keeps climbing higher. Technology. I wouldn't count

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<v Speaker 10>that out either. It has a lot of tailwinds like

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<v Speaker 10>lower inflation, heels that are moderating, and artificial intelligence. I

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<v Speaker 10>think tech sucks also will continue to move higher once

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<v Speaker 10>they can.

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<v Speaker 2>Solve what eight David.

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<v Speaker 9>I don't disagree with Sarah. I think after that digestion

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<v Speaker 9>period that I talked about and the potential for a

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<v Speaker 9>modest pullback, what we're likely to see is some improvement

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<v Speaker 9>in the S and P five hundred by year end.

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<v Speaker 9>And I would argue that that is being fueled by

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<v Speaker 9>what I will call a bumpy landing. I don't think

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<v Speaker 9>it's a soft landing, but I don't think we go

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<v Speaker 9>into any kind of significant, broad based recession. We're also

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<v Speaker 9>going to see history help us. What we know is

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<v Speaker 9>that when the FED stops hiking rates, typically in the

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<v Speaker 9>one year period the two years after the end of

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<v Speaker 9>rate hikes, that is when we tend to see good performance,

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<v Speaker 9>strong returns, usually from the S and P five hundred.

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<v Speaker 9>I don't think this is going to be different this year,

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<v Speaker 9>especially since this time around, this kind of downturn is

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<v Speaker 9>a job full downturn, and so we see the consumer

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<v Speaker 9>continuing to spend, as Sarah mentioned, because they have jobs

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<v Speaker 9>and they can spend, and with inflation coming down that

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<v Speaker 9>also helps helps with discretionary spend.

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<v Speaker 2>If it is summer, it is time to catch some

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<v Speaker 2>live music, and this summer, the biggest live music that

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<v Speaker 2>there is out there comes from Taylor Swift, whose Eras

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<v Speaker 2>tour is expected to bring in a billion dollars. Welcome now,

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<v Speaker 2>Dennis Arfa. He's head of Global Music at IAG. He

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<v Speaker 2>has represented artists such as Billy Joel, Metallica, Rod Stewart,

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<v Speaker 2>and many others. Thanks so much, Dennis for being with

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<v Speaker 2>us appreciated. So we have a sense as fans, as

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<v Speaker 2>people who follow Tyror Swift that she's really big. But

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<v Speaker 2>for the music business, how big is she?

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<v Speaker 6>Well, what she has accomplished with her tour is unprecedented.

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<v Speaker 6>Never before have we ever seen an artist put multiple

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<v Speaker 6>stadium shows on sale in the same city and blow

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<v Speaker 6>them all out on the on sale, and that's never happened.

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<v Speaker 6>And so she's raised the bar, she said, a new bar,

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<v Speaker 6>because now that somebody can play whatever I believe it's

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<v Speaker 6>fifty one stadium shows and sell it out on the

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<v Speaker 6>on sale is incredible. It's what I'd call a beatlesque.

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<v Speaker 2>It's what we would.

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<v Speaker 6>Have expected the Beatles to do had they been touring

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<v Speaker 6>in prime time as today they would kind of we

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<v Speaker 6>would expect to have that same kind of result.

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<v Speaker 2>So we talked to investors. Here give us a sense

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<v Speaker 2>of the economics of this. You refer to the Beatles.

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<v Speaker 2>My understanding for reading about it is the economics were

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<v Speaker 2>different back then, that a lot of the economics were

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<v Speaker 2>driven by the records, the old LPs that we bought.

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<v Speaker 2>Not so much anymore when we talk about perhaps a

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<v Speaker 2>billion dollars in this tour, where does that money come from?

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<v Speaker 2>How does it break down?

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<v Speaker 6>Well, it breaks down from ticket sales and then the

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<v Speaker 6>additional moneies that come from ticket sales, platinum tickets, VIP tickets,

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<v Speaker 6>merchandising as a big gradient sponsorship, you know, so those

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<v Speaker 6>are kind of the things that bring up the dollar amounts.

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<v Speaker 6>But it's ticket sales is the base.

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<v Speaker 2>We're just recorded music fit in anymore.

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<v Speaker 6>Well, you know, today you can have a record that's

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<v Speaker 6>number one and be one hundred thousand or fifty thousand units.

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<v Speaker 6>Twenty five years ago, you know, many artists were selling

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<v Speaker 6>a million, million albums, million records, you know, on release

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<v Speaker 6>or you know, it was it was more common. So

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<v Speaker 6>the album sales are diluted and the record sales are

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<v Speaker 6>diluted in comparison to what it used to be. I mean,

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<v Speaker 6>there's artists, whether it's the Eagles or Billy Joel and

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<v Speaker 6>twenty four million, twenty seven million, Michael Jackson the Thriller,

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<v Speaker 6>those numbers really don't exist, and if they do, they're

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<v Speaker 6>really aberrations. The Adele success to Taylor Swift's success, those

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<v Speaker 6>are our that really wasn't the case twenty five years ago.

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<v Speaker 6>I have a lot of gold records and platinum records

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<v Speaker 6>on my wall, and some of those artists you don't

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<v Speaker 6>even know who they are. And today you know, if

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<v Speaker 6>you did twenty five thousand in the week, you could

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<v Speaker 6>end up being in the top ten.

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<v Speaker 2>Okay, Dennis, thank you so much for being on Wall

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<v Speaker 2>Street Week. That is Dennis Arfa. He's the founder of AGI.

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<v Speaker 2>Coming up everywhere return we hear about problems with commercial

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<v Speaker 2>real estate. We'll talk with the head of the largest

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<v Speaker 2>public and traded developer of high end office space in

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<v Speaker 2>the country, Owen Thomas of BXP.

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<v Speaker 5>Remote work is like a benefit, it's like compensation. You

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<v Speaker 5>have to meet the market.

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<v Speaker 2>That's next on Wall Street Week on Bloomberg. This is

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<v Speaker 2>Wall Street Week. I'm David Weston. This week brought another

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<v Speaker 2>round of bad news and commercial real estate from Goldwyn

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<v Speaker 2>Sacks sing a four hundred and eighty five million dollars

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<v Speaker 2>it from the property market to news. Have yet another

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<v Speaker 2>big mortgage default, this one for two hundred and twelve

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<v Speaker 2>million dollars on an Atlanta office tower owned by Star

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<v Speaker 2>would Capital. To put it all in a broader perspective,

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<v Speaker 2>the good and maybe even the not so good. Welcome

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<v Speaker 2>back now, Owen Thomas. He's chairman and CEO of XP

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<v Speaker 2>that is the largest publicly traded developer of high end

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<v Speaker 2>office space in the country. Own always great to have

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<v Speaker 2>you with us, as I say, and you know, there's

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<v Speaker 2>so much bad news in commercial real estate. Put in

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<v Speaker 2>a larger perspective exactly where we are at this way?

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<v Speaker 2>What are you seeing in your business particular in terms

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<v Speaker 2>of occupancy rates? Are people really coming to the office yet?

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<v Speaker 5>Yeah, Well, David's nice to be with you. I would

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<v Speaker 5>say in summary that the sentiment is worse than the

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<v Speaker 5>reality that we're experiencing. So let's talk a little bit

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<v Speaker 5>about usage of buildings. There's a steady stream of corporate

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<v Speaker 5>announcements going on right now. If companies returning to the

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<v Speaker 5>office like Amazon did on May first, companies that were

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<v Speaker 5>in the office three days a week moving to four days,

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<v Speaker 5>even some companies saying we're going to evaluate all new

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<v Speaker 5>employees based on your office attendance that you're in. So

0:12:05.640 --> 0:12:08.600
<v Speaker 5>you're seeing more and more of this. I think CEOs

0:12:08.640 --> 0:12:13.400
<v Speaker 5>all want more in person work. They recognize that remote

0:12:13.400 --> 0:12:16.240
<v Speaker 5>work is like a benefit, it's like compensation you have

0:12:16.280 --> 0:12:18.280
<v Speaker 5>to meet the market, but it comes with a real

0:12:18.400 --> 0:12:20.840
<v Speaker 5>cost of productivity and culture.

0:12:21.000 --> 0:12:23.520
<v Speaker 2>Are you seeing your buildings though, and actually people showing

0:12:23.600 --> 0:12:25.640
<v Speaker 2>up because we have things like castle card reporting, it's

0:12:25.640 --> 0:12:28.280
<v Speaker 2>still like fifty percent in Manhattan. Are you seeing it

0:12:28.320 --> 0:12:28.760
<v Speaker 2>move up?

0:12:29.160 --> 0:12:32.840
<v Speaker 5>So the building we don't use castle systems and a

0:12:32.880 --> 0:12:35.439
<v Speaker 5>lot of the landlords that we compete with don't, So

0:12:35.720 --> 0:12:39.120
<v Speaker 5>I know the industry uses their data, So I'll tell

0:12:39.120 --> 0:12:44.079
<v Speaker 5>you what we're experiencing. So in New York and Boston, Tuesday, Wednesday,

0:12:44.120 --> 0:12:47.960
<v Speaker 5>Thursday is more or less at pre pandemic attendance. I

0:12:48.000 --> 0:12:50.960
<v Speaker 5>think Monday's about sixty percent of that peak and Friday's

0:12:50.960 --> 0:12:53.960
<v Speaker 5>probably less than thirty percent of that peak. The West

0:12:53.960 --> 0:12:57.480
<v Speaker 5>coast markets where we operate, Seattle, San Francisco, and LA

0:12:57.520 --> 0:13:00.360
<v Speaker 5>they're probably fifty percent of all those known or so

0:13:00.440 --> 0:13:01.160
<v Speaker 5>well behind.

0:13:01.440 --> 0:13:04.560
<v Speaker 2>What about repurposing some of these others buildings because we've

0:13:04.600 --> 0:13:08.200
<v Speaker 2>heard a lot about that and whether we're residential or

0:13:08.280 --> 0:13:10.440
<v Speaker 2>I think you've been big in life sciences? Actually haven't

0:13:10.480 --> 0:13:11.080
<v Speaker 2>you at VXB?

0:13:11.360 --> 0:13:11.560
<v Speaker 1>Yes?

0:13:11.640 --> 0:13:14.040
<v Speaker 2>How's that going? Is there too much of a move

0:13:14.080 --> 0:13:15.920
<v Speaker 2>into life sciences? Are you seeing a glut?

0:13:16.080 --> 0:13:19.720
<v Speaker 5>Yeah? Well, let me talk about the repurposing. We definitely

0:13:19.720 --> 0:13:23.920
<v Speaker 5>have repurposed several office buildings successfully into life science, and

0:13:23.920 --> 0:13:26.600
<v Speaker 5>we've done it very carefully in some of the premiere

0:13:26.800 --> 0:13:29.880
<v Speaker 5>life science markets in the country. But on the residential

0:13:29.920 --> 0:13:32.840
<v Speaker 5>conversions which you asked about, this is something that theoretically

0:13:32.840 --> 0:13:35.840
<v Speaker 5>makes a tremendous amount of sense. We need more housing

0:13:35.840 --> 0:13:39.320
<v Speaker 5>in our cities. We need less obsolescent office buildings, we

0:13:39.360 --> 0:13:42.559
<v Speaker 5>need more real estate tax revenues, we need more activity

0:13:42.559 --> 0:13:45.280
<v Speaker 5>on the street. And when you repurpose an asset, the

0:13:45.360 --> 0:13:48.560
<v Speaker 5>carbon footprint of doing that is much lower than demolishing

0:13:48.600 --> 0:13:53.560
<v Speaker 5>and reconstructing. However, there are obstacles to doing all these things.

0:13:53.600 --> 0:13:59.720
<v Speaker 5>Regulatory zoning requirements, residential zoning versus commercial zoning, physical requirements.

0:14:00.000 --> 0:14:03.680
<v Speaker 5>Building has to be empty, the depth of the buildings.

0:14:03.760 --> 0:14:06.560
<v Speaker 5>Residential needs more light and air than office, and many

0:14:07.000 --> 0:14:11.040
<v Speaker 5>office buildings have deep floor plates. And then financial you know,

0:14:11.120 --> 0:14:13.960
<v Speaker 5>to do a successful conversion, the office building has to

0:14:13.960 --> 0:14:16.959
<v Speaker 5>be contributed at something pretty close to land value. So

0:14:17.080 --> 0:14:19.120
<v Speaker 5>there it makes a tremendous amount of sense. There are

0:14:19.120 --> 0:14:21.280
<v Speaker 5>a lot of obstacles, but I would think about it

0:14:21.280 --> 0:14:24.720
<v Speaker 5>this way, David. There are four hundred million square feet

0:14:24.880 --> 0:14:27.840
<v Speaker 5>of office space in New York. If one to two

0:14:27.920 --> 0:14:31.880
<v Speaker 5>percent was converted, that's four to eight million square feet

0:14:32.240 --> 0:14:35.160
<v Speaker 5>of new housing, and it's also probably you know, five

0:14:35.200 --> 0:14:38.200
<v Speaker 5>to ten percent of the vacant office building, so not

0:14:38.320 --> 0:14:40.560
<v Speaker 5>a lot, as a percent has to happen for it

0:14:40.600 --> 0:14:41.560
<v Speaker 5>to be meaningful.

0:14:41.880 --> 0:14:45.320
<v Speaker 2>You raised the geography question because you particularly are obviously

0:14:45.360 --> 0:14:48.360
<v Speaker 2>in Boston, but also New York, San Francisco. Some of

0:14:48.360 --> 0:14:50.520
<v Speaker 2>the cities have been hit a little harder when it

0:14:50.520 --> 0:14:54.240
<v Speaker 2>comes to residential I'm sorry, office space. Are you thinking

0:14:54.240 --> 0:14:56.360
<v Speaker 2>about going to other places? We hear a lot about Austin,

0:14:56.400 --> 0:14:59.000
<v Speaker 2>we hear about Miami, we hear about Florida. Are you

0:14:59.000 --> 0:15:01.640
<v Speaker 2>thinking about expanding into the geographic areas well.

0:15:01.680 --> 0:15:05.800
<v Speaker 5>We're very happy with our footprint. We believe in having

0:15:05.840 --> 0:15:08.960
<v Speaker 5>real estate where they are barriers to new supply and

0:15:09.040 --> 0:15:12.760
<v Speaker 5>also knowledge clusters of workers, and we think our cities

0:15:12.800 --> 0:15:16.040
<v Speaker 5>have those. There's clearly been some migration to the Sun Belt,

0:15:16.080 --> 0:15:18.280
<v Speaker 5>and there's been strong growth in the Sun Belt markets,

0:15:18.320 --> 0:15:20.640
<v Speaker 5>but there's also been a lot of development. If you

0:15:20.680 --> 0:15:23.040
<v Speaker 5>look at the vacancy rates in many of the Sun

0:15:23.080 --> 0:15:26.600
<v Speaker 5>Belt cities, they've gone up very significantly over the last

0:15:26.680 --> 0:15:28.760
<v Speaker 5>year to eighteen months, and in many cases are above

0:15:28.800 --> 0:15:31.720
<v Speaker 5>the vacancy rates in the cities where we operate when.

0:15:31.560 --> 0:15:34.320
<v Speaker 2>You're in a particular position, which is a publicly traded company,

0:15:34.760 --> 0:15:37.120
<v Speaker 2>the largest publicly traded company when it comes to high

0:15:37.200 --> 0:15:40.119
<v Speaker 2>end office buildings, which means you have a lot of resources,

0:15:40.240 --> 0:15:41.880
<v Speaker 2>access to a lot of resources, and you have to

0:15:42.160 --> 0:15:44.040
<v Speaker 2>there's a marked to market every single day in a

0:15:44.200 --> 0:15:47.120
<v Speaker 2>sense that's affected your stock like every else's. As you

0:15:47.200 --> 0:15:49.720
<v Speaker 2>look at it right now, do you see opportunities? I mean,

0:15:49.960 --> 0:15:52.160
<v Speaker 2>are there bargains out there, because in fact there are

0:15:52.240 --> 0:15:56.040
<v Speaker 2>problems getting financing, the prices are coming down. I think

0:15:56.080 --> 0:15:56.520
<v Speaker 2>there are.

0:15:57.000 --> 0:15:59.720
<v Speaker 5>We So for example, we launched at the end of

0:15:59.800 --> 0:16:03.160
<v Speaker 5>last year a billion and a half dollars of life

0:16:03.200 --> 0:16:06.360
<v Speaker 5>science development in East Cambridge. We're building a six hundred

0:16:06.480 --> 0:16:10.200
<v Speaker 5>plus thousand square foot lab building for AstraZeneca at attractive

0:16:10.280 --> 0:16:14.600
<v Speaker 5>yields to our shareholders. We're also converting another significant office

0:16:14.600 --> 0:16:18.600
<v Speaker 5>building in East Cambridge to life science for the Broad Institute,

0:16:18.640 --> 0:16:21.760
<v Speaker 5>also at attractive yields. So those are the types of

0:16:21.800 --> 0:16:23.800
<v Speaker 5>things that we've been investing in. But I think as

0:16:24.880 --> 0:16:28.760
<v Speaker 5>this market evolves and there's more pricing, discovery and a reset,

0:16:28.840 --> 0:16:32.040
<v Speaker 5>I do think it will create great opportunities for a

0:16:32.040 --> 0:16:33.880
<v Speaker 5>well capitalized player like BXP.

0:16:34.080 --> 0:16:35.640
<v Speaker 2>Thank you so much, Always a treat to have you

0:16:35.680 --> 0:16:39.600
<v Speaker 2>with us. That's Owen Thomas of b XP. To everything

0:16:39.640 --> 0:16:42.720
<v Speaker 2>there is a season, but sometimes that season can last

0:16:42.840 --> 0:16:46.800
<v Speaker 2>pretty long. It's the summer of everything old being new again.

0:16:47.280 --> 0:16:49.400
<v Speaker 2>We're a year away from the true start to the

0:16:49.440 --> 0:16:51.600
<v Speaker 2>next presidential race, and a lot of the focus is

0:16:51.600 --> 0:16:54.480
<v Speaker 2>already on the age of the two front runners, as

0:16:54.560 --> 0:16:57.800
<v Speaker 2>former President Trump, a spry seventy seven year old, looks

0:16:57.840 --> 0:17:00.720
<v Speaker 2>to reclaim the White House from the more senior President Biden,

0:17:00.800 --> 0:17:04.160
<v Speaker 2>clocking in at a mature eighty. But then again, Senate

0:17:04.160 --> 0:17:07.800
<v Speaker 2>Minority Leader Mitch McConnell beats them both at eighty one,

0:17:07.840 --> 0:17:10.520
<v Speaker 2>and some of those after mister Biden's job aren't too

0:17:10.560 --> 0:17:13.600
<v Speaker 2>shy about showing off how useful and vigorous they are.

0:17:13.920 --> 0:17:17.320
<v Speaker 2>From Robert Kennedy Junior doing bear chested pushups for the

0:17:17.320 --> 0:17:20.919
<v Speaker 2>camera at age sixty nine, it's a good boy to

0:17:20.960 --> 0:17:23.240
<v Speaker 2>the baby in the group. Forty five year old Miami

0:17:23.280 --> 0:17:27.080
<v Speaker 2>mayor Francis Suarez demonstrating he can run all over town

0:17:27.440 --> 0:17:30.359
<v Speaker 2>in a tight T shirt and shorts. I'm going to

0:17:30.440 --> 0:17:33.199
<v Speaker 2>run for present. It's not just Washington where the mature

0:17:33.280 --> 0:17:36.639
<v Speaker 2>are showing their staying power. Bob Iger retired as CEO

0:17:36.680 --> 0:17:40.080
<v Speaker 2>of Disney at age seventy after fifteen years running the company,

0:17:40.400 --> 0:17:43.560
<v Speaker 2>only to come back for return performance with a contract

0:17:43.560 --> 0:17:45.840
<v Speaker 2>that now will keep him in charge until he's at

0:17:45.920 --> 0:17:49.320
<v Speaker 2>least seventy five. This isn't really a huge surprise, right

0:17:49.400 --> 0:17:52.040
<v Speaker 2>that his contract has been renewed at this point. It's

0:17:52.080 --> 0:17:55.160
<v Speaker 2>incredibly enticing, I think, and very tempting to keep him

0:17:55.160 --> 0:17:57.760
<v Speaker 2>on board. But Bob is just the right age to

0:17:57.800 --> 0:17:59.960
<v Speaker 2>deal with. Some of the leading men driving the box

0:18:00.080 --> 0:18:03.119
<v Speaker 2>office this summer. From Tom Cruise at sixty starring in

0:18:03.200 --> 0:18:07.560
<v Speaker 2>yet another mission Impossible, I don't accept that. To Arnold

0:18:07.560 --> 0:18:11.040
<v Speaker 2>Schwarzenegger at seventy five saving the world in Foo Bar

0:18:11.680 --> 0:18:15.240
<v Speaker 2>I'm retired. To Harrison Ford returning as Indiana Jones at

0:18:15.240 --> 0:18:18.440
<v Speaker 2>age eighty. I've been looking for this all my life.

0:18:18.960 --> 0:18:22.440
<v Speaker 2>But wait, there's more. The star of what may well

0:18:22.520 --> 0:18:25.359
<v Speaker 2>be the hit movie of the summer tops them all

0:18:25.400 --> 0:18:29.119
<v Speaker 2>at the age of eighty three. Yes, eighty three years old,

0:18:29.200 --> 0:18:32.080
<v Speaker 2>and she is a leading lady. I'm talking, of course,

0:18:32.119 --> 0:18:34.840
<v Speaker 2>about the one and only Barbie. You might say, no,

0:18:35.160 --> 0:18:38.639
<v Speaker 2>Barbie is only nineteen. Well, that is the age she

0:18:38.800 --> 0:18:40.520
<v Speaker 2>was when she first appeared.

0:18:40.400 --> 0:18:43.520
<v Speaker 10>My Barbie Dull is really.

0:18:44.520 --> 0:18:47.040
<v Speaker 2>But that was back in nineteen fifty nine. Since then,

0:18:47.080 --> 0:18:50.960
<v Speaker 2>she's come back again and again, including for the Millennium,

0:18:51.000 --> 0:18:53.320
<v Speaker 2>when she made a guest appearance on Wall Street Week

0:18:53.400 --> 0:18:56.359
<v Speaker 2>with Lewis Rockeiser for Christmas back in two thousand.

0:18:56.760 --> 0:19:01.600
<v Speaker 8>Barbie is stating another of her periodic comebacks, Betell's Millennium

0:19:01.600 --> 0:19:05.440
<v Speaker 8>Princess version as a hot seller this season at forty dollars.

0:19:05.160 --> 0:19:07.959
<v Speaker 2>And now Barbie is back bigger than ever in her

0:19:08.000 --> 0:19:11.720
<v Speaker 2>own blockbuster movie as a thoroughly mature eighty three year old,

0:19:12.040 --> 0:19:14.840
<v Speaker 2>something that even Barbie herself may not want to think

0:19:14.880 --> 0:19:17.359
<v Speaker 2>too hard about. The best day ever. It is the

0:19:17.400 --> 0:19:18.080
<v Speaker 2>best day ever.

0:19:18.280 --> 0:19:21.600
<v Speaker 9>So is yesterday, and so is tomorrow. In every daypnurship.

0:19:21.080 --> 0:19:23.840
<v Speaker 5>Forever, you don't ever think about nine.

0:19:24.119 --> 0:19:29.680
<v Speaker 2>Here's to eternal use coming up. We're told the generative

0:19:29.720 --> 0:19:32.000
<v Speaker 2>AI will change all of our lives in ways we

0:19:32.200 --> 0:19:35.320
<v Speaker 2>just can't imagine. We put together a special Wall Street

0:19:35.359 --> 0:19:38.239
<v Speaker 2>Week roundtable of Larry Summers and Steve Radner to give

0:19:38.320 --> 0:19:40.439
<v Speaker 2>us an early read and the possible effects of this

0:19:40.560 --> 0:19:44.399
<v Speaker 2>revolution on macroeconomics and on investors.

0:19:44.960 --> 0:19:49.160
<v Speaker 3>Here's a substantial chance the AI is going to be

0:19:49.640 --> 0:19:53.199
<v Speaker 3>much more of a threat to IQ than it is

0:19:53.320 --> 0:19:53.840
<v Speaker 3>to EQ.

0:19:54.440 --> 0:19:56.760
<v Speaker 4>It is the cognitive classes, as you call them, who

0:19:56.800 --> 0:19:57.680
<v Speaker 4>are most at risk.

0:19:57.960 --> 0:19:59.960
<v Speaker 2>This is Wall Street Week on Bloomberg.

0:20:01.840 --> 0:20:06.080
<v Speaker 1>This is Bloomberg Wall Street Week with David Weston from

0:20:06.200 --> 0:20:08.800
<v Speaker 1>Bloomberg Radio.

0:20:14.359 --> 0:20:18.199
<v Speaker 2>Artificial intelligence. We may not yet know exactly what it is,

0:20:18.320 --> 0:20:21.800
<v Speaker 2>even though the technology isn't all that new, but everyone

0:20:21.840 --> 0:20:24.040
<v Speaker 2>agrees it's going to be huge.

0:20:24.359 --> 0:20:27.800
<v Speaker 6>We don't know yet all of the different applications that

0:20:27.840 --> 0:20:28.600
<v Speaker 6>are going to come up.

0:20:28.640 --> 0:20:29.720
<v Speaker 2>Well, you're seeing that just.

0:20:29.680 --> 0:20:33.520
<v Speaker 6>Swipping the past six months is a revolution.

0:20:33.480 --> 0:20:36.760
<v Speaker 2>With Julie's Sweet of accenture saying just about all executives

0:20:36.760 --> 0:20:38.840
<v Speaker 2>believe it will change their world.

0:20:39.320 --> 0:20:42.080
<v Speaker 9>In fact, ninety seven percent of executives and a recent

0:20:42.119 --> 0:20:44.960
<v Speaker 9>survey that we did have said they believe that Jenna

0:20:45.080 --> 0:20:48.600
<v Speaker 9>I will transform their industry and their company, leading.

0:20:48.320 --> 0:20:52.080
<v Speaker 2>Those funding startups to shift their investments. With Pitchbook reporting

0:20:52.200 --> 0:20:55.800
<v Speaker 2>VC's last quarter spend less on crypto and digital assets

0:20:55.960 --> 0:20:59.640
<v Speaker 2>than at any time since twenty twenty, while investing more

0:20:59.680 --> 0:21:03.640
<v Speaker 2>in A than crypto even at its peak. Hopes are

0:21:03.720 --> 0:21:06.200
<v Speaker 2>high the AI will make our lives better.

0:21:06.520 --> 0:21:10.359
<v Speaker 10>We'll also see AI coming more and more to the forefront,

0:21:10.760 --> 0:21:15.320
<v Speaker 10>both to help folks say productive and from a security perspective.

0:21:15.520 --> 0:21:19.200
<v Speaker 2>But as with all powerful tools, there are also risks involved.

0:21:19.400 --> 0:21:21.800
<v Speaker 2>With the head of Google's Deep Mind calling for more

0:21:21.840 --> 0:21:24.119
<v Speaker 2>work on guardrails.

0:21:23.480 --> 0:21:25.320
<v Speaker 10>The number one thing that needs to be done right

0:21:25.320 --> 0:21:28.520
<v Speaker 10>now is to put more investment into AI safety research

0:21:28.560 --> 0:21:31.880
<v Speaker 10>and understanding what these systems can do and what God

0:21:31.920 --> 0:21:33.280
<v Speaker 10>wills that we therefore should have.

0:21:33.720 --> 0:21:36.560
<v Speaker 2>And Elon Musk urging the government to step up to

0:21:36.600 --> 0:21:41.040
<v Speaker 2>the challenge. I'm in favor of AI regulation because.

0:21:40.920 --> 0:21:44.120
<v Speaker 5>I think advanced AI is a risk to the public.

0:21:44.760 --> 0:21:48.680
<v Speaker 2>But chat GPT pioneer Sam Altman warns about the difficulties.

0:21:49.040 --> 0:21:50.240
<v Speaker 2>Global regulation is hard.

0:21:50.480 --> 0:21:52.280
<v Speaker 8>You know, you don't want to overdo it for sure,

0:21:52.720 --> 0:21:55.280
<v Speaker 8>but I think global regulation can help make.

0:21:55.200 --> 0:21:58.320
<v Speaker 2>It safe, leaving us all with some difficult questions about

0:21:58.359 --> 0:22:01.240
<v Speaker 2>how to get the best of what artificial intelligence promises

0:22:01.600 --> 0:22:08.240
<v Speaker 2>and yet manage the risks. To help us begin to

0:22:08.320 --> 0:22:10.800
<v Speaker 2>explore some of the questions we have about AI, welcome

0:22:10.840 --> 0:22:14.000
<v Speaker 2>now our special contributor Larry Summers of Harvard and Steve Ratner,

0:22:14.119 --> 0:22:16.480
<v Speaker 2>Chairman and CEO of will It Advisors, which manages the

0:22:16.560 --> 0:22:19.960
<v Speaker 2>personal and philanthropic assets of our founder and majority shareholder

0:22:20.200 --> 0:22:22.920
<v Speaker 2>Michael Bloomberg. So welcome to back to both of you. Steve,

0:22:23.000 --> 0:22:24.360
<v Speaker 2>let me start with you, because you wrote a piece

0:22:24.359 --> 0:22:25.760
<v Speaker 2>in The New York Times that a lot of us

0:22:25.800 --> 0:22:28.760
<v Speaker 2>thought was quite thoughtful about this, making the point of

0:22:28.840 --> 0:22:30.439
<v Speaker 2>part this is not a new thing. You like the

0:22:30.480 --> 0:22:33.400
<v Speaker 2>seventeenth century their questions about looms give us your sense

0:22:33.440 --> 0:22:36.320
<v Speaker 2>about AI the opportunity to offer us and some of

0:22:36.359 --> 0:22:37.600
<v Speaker 2>the resistance to it.

0:22:38.840 --> 0:22:40.680
<v Speaker 4>As I wrote in the piece, I think that that

0:22:40.800 --> 0:22:44.720
<v Speaker 4>economic growth and prosperity and better living standards for everybody

0:22:44.720 --> 0:22:46.440
<v Speaker 4>in the world, no matter who they are, where they are,

0:22:46.680 --> 0:22:50.080
<v Speaker 4>depends on increasing productivity efficiency at work, and in my

0:22:50.200 --> 0:22:53.840
<v Speaker 4>mind AI it may be a quantum leap. We don't

0:22:53.840 --> 0:22:56.160
<v Speaker 4>know that yet, but as part of a continuum going

0:22:56.200 --> 0:22:59.919
<v Speaker 4>back to even the thirteenth century. I wrote about all

0:23:00.200 --> 0:23:04.359
<v Speaker 4>that piece briefly of improvements and in productivity and getting

0:23:04.359 --> 0:23:06.399
<v Speaker 4>those into the hands of the workers so that people

0:23:06.400 --> 0:23:09.040
<v Speaker 4>can have a higher standard of living. And as part

0:23:09.040 --> 0:23:12.360
<v Speaker 4>of that you have what Trumpeter famously called creative destruction.

0:23:12.720 --> 0:23:14.840
<v Speaker 4>You have some jobs that are lost and other jobs

0:23:14.880 --> 0:23:17.320
<v Speaker 4>that are gained. We had four hundred and fifty thousand

0:23:17.359 --> 0:23:20.080
<v Speaker 4>telephone operators in this country in the nineteen fifties. You

0:23:20.160 --> 0:23:22.720
<v Speaker 4>tell me the last time you talked to a telephone operator,

0:23:22.960 --> 0:23:25.040
<v Speaker 4>we had close to two million people. I assume most

0:23:25.080 --> 0:23:27.639
<v Speaker 4>of them women classified as typists. That's not even a

0:23:27.720 --> 0:23:31.240
<v Speaker 4>job category anymore in the BLS. This is all things

0:23:31.240 --> 0:23:35.480
<v Speaker 4>that have happened. And alternatively, we've developed millions of jobs

0:23:35.520 --> 0:23:38.760
<v Speaker 4>in technology industries and finance and other sectors that have

0:23:38.800 --> 0:23:40.800
<v Speaker 4>actually been helped by the development of technology.

0:23:41.359 --> 0:23:44.240
<v Speaker 2>So Steve, of course is an investor. Larry, you were

0:23:44.280 --> 0:23:47.400
<v Speaker 2>a macroeconomist. As a macroeconomist, is Steve on the right

0:23:47.440 --> 0:23:50.640
<v Speaker 2>trail about restoring the growth of productivity which has dropped off?

0:23:50.640 --> 0:23:52.800
<v Speaker 2>As Steve pointed out his piece, it really has dropped

0:23:52.800 --> 0:23:53.640
<v Speaker 2>off significantly.

0:23:54.080 --> 0:23:59.680
<v Speaker 3>Steve's right to be four technological progress and to recognize

0:24:00.240 --> 0:24:06.440
<v Speaker 3>overall it's through change and evolution mediated through markeats that

0:24:06.600 --> 0:24:09.920
<v Speaker 3>life has gotten so much better. And it's all right,

0:24:10.840 --> 0:24:16.120
<v Speaker 3>just one thing. In the nineteen sixties, ninety six percent

0:24:16.200 --> 0:24:21.640
<v Speaker 3>of American American men twenty five to fifty four were working,

0:24:22.359 --> 0:24:27.520
<v Speaker 3>and only four percent were not. Today it's more like

0:24:27.640 --> 0:24:28.680
<v Speaker 3>fourteen percent.

0:24:29.600 --> 0:24:31.000
<v Speaker 2>Are there things we should be doing right now that

0:24:31.040 --> 0:24:33.639
<v Speaker 2>we fail to do with automation and with globalization, to

0:24:33.760 --> 0:24:38.040
<v Speaker 2>think about those distributional effects potentially of AI to make

0:24:38.080 --> 0:24:41.160
<v Speaker 2>sure that we bring more people along with the progress.

0:24:41.359 --> 0:24:44.359
<v Speaker 4>Absolutely, I don't think actually, Larry and I really disagree.

0:24:44.480 --> 0:24:47.600
<v Speaker 4>I understand the problem he's talking about. It actually relates

0:24:47.640 --> 0:24:51.720
<v Speaker 4>to automation a lot, and also to trade. And where

0:24:51.800 --> 0:24:54.159
<v Speaker 4>I think, frankly, the economists Larry may jump down my

0:24:54.200 --> 0:24:56.159
<v Speaker 4>throat for this part. I think the economists got it

0:24:56.200 --> 0:24:58.439
<v Speaker 4>wrong on trade, which is similar in a lot of

0:24:58.480 --> 0:25:01.600
<v Speaker 4>respects to automation or other technological improvements in terms of

0:25:01.640 --> 0:25:05.000
<v Speaker 4>its impact. Is that trade had huge macroeconomic benefits for

0:25:05.000 --> 0:25:09.000
<v Speaker 4>the country. We missed the macroeconomic impacts those workers in

0:25:09.040 --> 0:25:11.760
<v Speaker 4>Flint or Detroit or in Ohio. Some of their jobs

0:25:11.800 --> 0:25:13.760
<v Speaker 4>were and I actually just read something the other day,

0:25:13.800 --> 0:25:16.680
<v Speaker 4>you know rough Justice. Maybe half their jobs were lost

0:25:16.680 --> 0:25:19.399
<v Speaker 4>to automation, the other half were lost to trade. And

0:25:19.480 --> 0:25:22.720
<v Speaker 4>we had this little trade adjustment assistance program which basically

0:25:22.760 --> 0:25:25.160
<v Speaker 4>did nothing. And we have not really done a great

0:25:25.200 --> 0:25:28.000
<v Speaker 4>job as a society both in getting the benefits of

0:25:28.080 --> 0:25:31.840
<v Speaker 4>technology into the hands of everybody. There's been this lack

0:25:31.880 --> 0:25:34.480
<v Speaker 4>of wage growth commensurate with the productivity growth over a

0:25:34.600 --> 0:25:38.000
<v Speaker 4>fairly long period of time now, as well as individuals

0:25:38.000 --> 0:25:39.639
<v Speaker 4>and finding them things to do where they can be

0:25:39.680 --> 0:25:40.920
<v Speaker 4>more productive and happier.

0:25:41.480 --> 0:25:44.159
<v Speaker 2>Lurie, what about it? Did the economists, and yes, the

0:25:44.160 --> 0:25:46.720
<v Speaker 2>policymaker in Washington, it sort of let us all down

0:25:46.960 --> 0:25:49.040
<v Speaker 2>with respect to both automation and trade.

0:25:49.680 --> 0:25:54.560
<v Speaker 3>We should have done more to cushion the various changes

0:25:54.640 --> 0:25:58.200
<v Speaker 3>associated with trade. I agree with that, I'm not sure

0:25:58.200 --> 0:26:02.720
<v Speaker 3>I agree with Steve's quantification, and I think that a

0:26:02.840 --> 0:26:07.040
<v Speaker 3>full calculus on trade has to recognize a large number

0:26:07.040 --> 0:26:11.280
<v Speaker 3>of benefits in terms of jobs created and in terms

0:26:11.320 --> 0:26:14.600
<v Speaker 3>of real wages enhanced. But that brings me to the

0:26:14.640 --> 0:26:19.520
<v Speaker 3>other point I wanted to make about AI. And I

0:26:19.560 --> 0:26:23.600
<v Speaker 3>don't know for sure about this, but if my suspicion

0:26:23.760 --> 0:26:29.040
<v Speaker 3>is right, it's very big. Most of the technological changes

0:26:29.080 --> 0:26:36.760
<v Speaker 3>we've had before came for working people doing relatively routine things.

0:26:37.560 --> 0:26:42.160
<v Speaker 3>They were automatic ways of picking cotton. It came from

0:26:42.640 --> 0:26:50.280
<v Speaker 3>agricultural workers. They were things that replaced typists or telephone operators.

0:26:50.520 --> 0:26:56.199
<v Speaker 3>As Steve mentioned, I have a suspicion that AI is

0:26:56.280 --> 0:26:59.960
<v Speaker 3>coming for the cognitive class. And part of the reason

0:27:00.040 --> 0:27:05.960
<v Speaker 3>and you're seeing such hysteria now, is that it's the

0:27:06.080 --> 0:27:11.760
<v Speaker 3>people who write articles and their friends, the people like

0:27:12.160 --> 0:27:17.000
<v Speaker 3>the three of us, who are more at risk from

0:27:17.240 --> 0:27:21.520
<v Speaker 3>AI competition than has been the case with most of

0:27:21.560 --> 0:27:27.879
<v Speaker 3>the technological innovations in the past. I would say that

0:27:28.480 --> 0:27:32.720
<v Speaker 3>there's a substantial chance the AI is going to be

0:27:33.160 --> 0:27:36.760
<v Speaker 3>much more of a threat to IQ than it is

0:27:36.840 --> 0:27:37.359
<v Speaker 3>to EQ.

0:27:38.440 --> 0:27:43.800
<v Speaker 11>It will be a very long time before AI will

0:27:43.960 --> 0:27:48.680
<v Speaker 11>replace many of the kinds of direct physical work. Think

0:27:48.680 --> 0:27:52.760
<v Speaker 11>of working in a garden, for example.

0:27:53.240 --> 0:27:59.000
<v Speaker 3>So I have a suspicion that the distributional consequences of

0:27:59.119 --> 0:28:04.119
<v Speaker 3>AI for the bosses versus the boss may be very

0:28:04.119 --> 0:28:08.200
<v Speaker 3>different than the distributional consequences of many of the other

0:28:08.720 --> 0:28:13.879
<v Speaker 3>technological revolutions, and that affects how bosses are going to

0:28:13.920 --> 0:28:17.399
<v Speaker 3>think about it in profound ways. They're going to be

0:28:17.480 --> 0:28:20.960
<v Speaker 3>much more scared, and on the other side, may be

0:28:21.000 --> 0:28:25.000
<v Speaker 3>more benign from the point of view of some of

0:28:25.040 --> 0:28:27.320
<v Speaker 3>those who've been traditionally left behind.

0:28:28.280 --> 0:28:30.199
<v Speaker 2>So Larry, I agree. I agree with that.

0:28:30.760 --> 0:28:33.359
<v Speaker 4>I think it is the cognitive classes, as you call them,

0:28:33.400 --> 0:28:35.360
<v Speaker 4>who are most at risk. I might make a dicis

0:28:35.400 --> 0:28:37.080
<v Speaker 4>I'm not sure. I would think about it as bosses

0:28:37.119 --> 0:28:39.320
<v Speaker 4>and boss and I'll use it but I will use

0:28:39.320 --> 0:28:41.920
<v Speaker 4>this historical analogy to give us a little bit of hope.

0:28:42.040 --> 0:28:45.320
<v Speaker 4>When I started on Wall Street as a young investment banker,

0:28:45.440 --> 0:28:47.640
<v Speaker 4>I had nothing. I had an early HB twelve C

0:28:47.840 --> 0:28:52.000
<v Speaker 4>calculator in my hand. We had no EXL we had

0:28:52.040 --> 0:28:54.200
<v Speaker 4>no computers to speak of, we had know nothing. All

0:28:54.200 --> 0:28:56.600
<v Speaker 4>of our spreadsheets were done by hand. They took a

0:28:56.640 --> 0:28:58.840
<v Speaker 4>really long time. They had to then be typed up.

0:28:58.880 --> 0:29:01.040
<v Speaker 4>We'll put the type of societ and then if I

0:29:01.080 --> 0:29:02.640
<v Speaker 4>wanted to make a change, I had to start all

0:29:02.640 --> 0:29:04.720
<v Speaker 4>over again. And now that can all be done with

0:29:04.800 --> 0:29:07.000
<v Speaker 4>the click of a mouse with an Excel program by

0:29:07.000 --> 0:29:10.960
<v Speaker 4>anybody with a small personal computer. And yet the number

0:29:11.000 --> 0:29:13.240
<v Speaker 4>of people doing what I did forty years ago when

0:29:13.240 --> 0:29:16.880
<v Speaker 4>I started on Wall Street has multiplied since then, and

0:29:16.960 --> 0:29:20.480
<v Speaker 4>so it became a productivity enhancing tool, not a job

0:29:20.560 --> 0:29:24.720
<v Speaker 4>destructing destructive tool. I'm perfectly prepared to believe that this

0:29:24.760 --> 0:29:27.000
<v Speaker 4>may come out a different way. All I'm saying is

0:29:27.000 --> 0:29:29.160
<v Speaker 4>I don't think we know yet, and I think history

0:29:29.720 --> 0:29:31.840
<v Speaker 4>is probably still on the side that we will find

0:29:31.840 --> 0:29:33.680
<v Speaker 4>our way through this in a positive way.

0:29:35.040 --> 0:29:37.440
<v Speaker 2>Many thanks to Larry Summers of Harvard and Steve Radner

0:29:37.520 --> 0:29:42.840
<v Speaker 2>of Willet Advisors coming up, has the strong dollar run

0:29:42.880 --> 0:29:45.720
<v Speaker 2>its course? We'll go through where we are and how

0:29:45.760 --> 0:29:48.880
<v Speaker 2>we got here. That next down Wall Street Week on Bloomberg.

0:29:51.760 --> 0:29:56.000
<v Speaker 1>This is Bloomberg Wall Street Week with David Weston from

0:29:56.120 --> 0:30:01.800
<v Speaker 1>Bloomberg Radio.

0:30:03.520 --> 0:30:06.040
<v Speaker 2>This is Wall Street Week. I'm David Weston. The US

0:30:06.040 --> 0:30:09.000
<v Speaker 2>dollar had been on something of a tear, recently hitting

0:30:09.000 --> 0:30:12.120
<v Speaker 2>its peak last September, driven by all those rate hikes

0:30:12.200 --> 0:30:15.120
<v Speaker 2>and expectations of more to come. But since then it's

0:30:15.160 --> 0:30:18.280
<v Speaker 2>given up over five percent, with prospects that the Fed

0:30:18.400 --> 0:30:20.600
<v Speaker 2>may be nearing the end of turning up the heat,

0:30:20.880 --> 0:30:23.640
<v Speaker 2>and JP Morgan warned this week it may get worse

0:30:23.680 --> 0:30:26.560
<v Speaker 2>from here, but it's still nothing compared to what Lewis

0:30:26.640 --> 0:30:29.040
<v Speaker 2>Rickhauser was looking at on Wall Street weeek. Back in

0:30:29.120 --> 0:30:31.040
<v Speaker 2>nineteen ninety three.

0:30:32.560 --> 0:30:37.000
<v Speaker 8>The American dollar repeatedly dived to new postwar lows against

0:30:37.040 --> 0:30:41.479
<v Speaker 8>the Japanese yen, fast approaching the once unthinkable level of

0:30:41.880 --> 0:30:45.840
<v Speaker 8>one hundred yen to the dollar, and one Japanese financier

0:30:45.960 --> 0:30:49.120
<v Speaker 8>confided to me that the next logical step would be

0:30:49.160 --> 0:30:53.000
<v Speaker 8>to revalue, knocking off the last two zeros so that

0:30:53.120 --> 0:30:57.560
<v Speaker 8>one yen would equal and perhaps even exceed one dollar.

0:30:58.840 --> 0:31:02.400
<v Speaker 8>Never mind that many amus seriously questioned the wisdom of

0:31:02.440 --> 0:31:05.920
<v Speaker 8>a succession of our own governments whooping the yen higher

0:31:06.000 --> 0:31:09.000
<v Speaker 8>and the dollar lower while beating on the Japanese to

0:31:09.080 --> 0:31:10.360
<v Speaker 8>open their markets wider.

0:31:12.400 --> 0:31:14.200
<v Speaker 2>To take us through where we are today with the

0:31:14.280 --> 0:31:16.680
<v Speaker 2>dollar and where we may be going, we welcome back

0:31:16.680 --> 0:31:20.600
<v Speaker 2>Bloomberg International Economics and Policy correspondent Michael McKee.

0:31:22.760 --> 0:31:26.400
<v Speaker 7>Unfortunately for mister Ruchiser, the dollar continued its dive in

0:31:26.480 --> 0:31:30.360
<v Speaker 7>nineteen ninety five, reaching the once unthinkable level of eighty yen.

0:31:31.040 --> 0:31:33.680
<v Speaker 7>That was back in the days when American consumers seem

0:31:33.760 --> 0:31:37.640
<v Speaker 7>to be buying everything Japan could manufacture. The slide wasn't

0:31:37.720 --> 0:31:41.280
<v Speaker 7>arrested until Robert Rubin, who became Treasury Secretary just as

0:31:41.280 --> 0:31:44.560
<v Speaker 7>the dollar reached its NATI, was able to hammer home

0:31:44.600 --> 0:31:47.000
<v Speaker 7>a new mantra that a strong dollar was in the

0:31:47.040 --> 0:31:50.080
<v Speaker 7>best interests of the United States, and since then, as

0:31:50.120 --> 0:31:52.960
<v Speaker 7>you've often heard, markets go up and markets go down.

0:31:53.640 --> 0:31:56.360
<v Speaker 7>By nineteen ninety eight, the yen had weakened so much

0:31:56.600 --> 0:31:58.960
<v Speaker 7>the US was willing to join with other G seven

0:31:59.040 --> 0:32:02.440
<v Speaker 7>nations to strengthen it. Why well, for one thing, the

0:32:02.440 --> 0:32:07.040
<v Speaker 7>euphemisms strong and weak are quite misleading. There are advantages

0:32:07.080 --> 0:32:11.400
<v Speaker 7>and disadvantages to both conditions. If the dollar appreciates, it

0:32:11.440 --> 0:32:14.640
<v Speaker 7>means foreign goods are cheaper to buy. That helps hold

0:32:14.640 --> 0:32:17.840
<v Speaker 7>down inflation, which means interest rates can stay lower than

0:32:17.880 --> 0:32:23.640
<v Speaker 7>otherwise necessary. But it also means American exports cost more overseas.

0:32:23.760 --> 0:32:27.480
<v Speaker 7>If the dollar is depreciating, those exports are cheaper and

0:32:27.640 --> 0:32:31.640
<v Speaker 7>US companies can sell more. More foreign tourists can afford

0:32:31.680 --> 0:32:36.680
<v Speaker 7>to visit, and American assets become more attractive to foreign buyers. Now,

0:32:36.760 --> 0:32:40.240
<v Speaker 7>some politicians worry about what they call a week dollar,

0:32:40.440 --> 0:32:44.040
<v Speaker 7>and it has been depreciating. The dollar rows because the

0:32:44.160 --> 0:32:46.920
<v Speaker 7>US economy has been much stronger than others, and the

0:32:46.960 --> 0:32:50.240
<v Speaker 7>FEDS raised US interest rates higher than other central banks.

0:32:50.720 --> 0:32:54.840
<v Speaker 7>With the Fed almost done, that's changing against many currencies.

0:32:55.360 --> 0:33:00.120
<v Speaker 7>Currency strategists forecasts some dollar weakening, but no crash. It's

0:33:00.160 --> 0:33:04.880
<v Speaker 7>still historically strong. A drop may disrupt some carry trades

0:33:04.920 --> 0:33:08.960
<v Speaker 7>and other strategies, but it's not necessarily a bad thing

0:33:09.040 --> 0:33:11.000
<v Speaker 7>for the US. Just sounds bad.

0:33:11.560 --> 0:33:16.800
<v Speaker 2>David, thanks to Bloomberg's Michael McKee. That does it. For

0:33:16.840 --> 0:33:19.080
<v Speaker 2>this episode of Wall Street Week, I'm David Weston. This

0:33:19.200 --> 0:33:34.200
<v Speaker 2>is Bloomberg. See you next week,