1
00:00:00,280 --> 00:00:02,840
Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera.

2
00:00:03,160 --> 00:00:07,560
Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff you Should Know

3
00:00:08,160 --> 00:00:16,400
Speaker 1: from House Stuff Works dot Com? Hey, and welcome to

4
00:00:16,440 --> 00:00:20,160
Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. Chucker's Bryant

5
00:00:20,200 --> 00:00:22,520
Speaker 1: that makes this stuff you should know? And the heavy

6
00:00:22,520 --> 00:00:25,560
Speaker 1: index finger of Matt Frederick. Yeah did you hear that?

7
00:00:25,880 --> 00:00:28,600
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, it was like an ant boat coming down

8
00:00:28,640 --> 00:00:31,760
Speaker 1: on something. Nobody push his record, Like Maddie, one of

9
00:00:31,800 --> 00:00:36,040
Speaker 1: my friends has um finger tips, just the fingertips that

10
00:00:36,200 --> 00:00:40,640
Speaker 1: look very much like big toes all across and um,

11
00:00:40,960 --> 00:00:43,440
Speaker 1: they're big. He has big, huge fingertips. Is is what

12
00:00:43,479 --> 00:00:45,400
Speaker 1: you like? The finger is just narrow and then it

13
00:00:45,400 --> 00:00:49,239
Speaker 1: balloons up at the end really freakishly. So he'd be

14
00:00:49,240 --> 00:00:52,120
Speaker 1: a good bass player, I would think, maybe, So I'll

15
00:00:52,159 --> 00:00:55,720
Speaker 1: ask him you should do that, Chuck. Do you remember

16
00:00:56,040 --> 00:01:02,040
Speaker 1: we have talked about capturing enter g right, because energy

17
00:01:02,080 --> 00:01:04,840
Speaker 1: can neither be created nor destroyed, It can only be captured.

18
00:01:05,200 --> 00:01:07,959
Speaker 1: We talked about several ways to do this. Yes, well,

19
00:01:08,000 --> 00:01:10,319
Speaker 1: one of the ways we talked about, um was by

20
00:01:10,360 --> 00:01:15,039
Speaker 1: putting basically what amount to wind turbines underwater, and there

21
00:01:15,120 --> 00:01:19,560
Speaker 1: was a we did under water turbines. Yeah, sure we did, right,

22
00:01:19,800 --> 00:01:21,800
Speaker 1: I think so it's hard to tell these days. Well,

23
00:01:21,840 --> 00:01:24,640
Speaker 1: if we didn't, that's good because we're going to cover

24
00:01:24,680 --> 00:01:27,520
Speaker 1: that again in this podcast. I think we did because

25
00:01:27,560 --> 00:01:31,200
Speaker 1: we talked about Verdant technology and they were the ones

26
00:01:31,240 --> 00:01:35,800
Speaker 1: who put some in the Hudson, didn't we East River? Yes? Sure? Okay, so,

27
00:01:35,920 --> 00:01:38,000
Speaker 1: um they put some into two thousand and six. It was,

28
00:01:38,360 --> 00:01:41,400
Speaker 1: you know, to to wide acclaim. This is a huge project.

29
00:01:41,480 --> 00:01:44,440
Speaker 1: They were gonna just power large parts of New York

30
00:01:44,520 --> 00:01:47,520
Speaker 1: with this technology. And they went back to check on

31
00:01:47,600 --> 00:01:51,440
Speaker 1: them and they found that, um, all but two of

32
00:01:51,520 --> 00:01:56,240
Speaker 1: their wind turbines were just completely in shambles. It's one

33
00:01:56,280 --> 00:02:05,400
Speaker 1: of the great challenges in underwater energy production BINGO. I

34
00:02:05,440 --> 00:02:07,480
Speaker 1: have updates on them. We'll get to that later though. Okay,

35
00:02:08,320 --> 00:02:12,880
Speaker 1: luckily for us, right, because the the ocean and well

36
00:02:12,960 --> 00:02:17,040
Speaker 1: bodies of water are this huge untapped resource, well mostly

37
00:02:17,120 --> 00:02:20,440
Speaker 1: untapped resource of energy, there are other ways to capture

38
00:02:20,560 --> 00:02:22,840
Speaker 1: energy from the ocean, right, which is what we're going

39
00:02:22,880 --> 00:02:25,320
Speaker 1: to talk about today. Let's do it, and let's start

40
00:02:25,360 --> 00:02:28,640
Speaker 1: with the French, because apparently they've long known they're all

41
00:02:28,639 --> 00:02:31,640
Speaker 1: over it. Yeah, we like all of the major innovations

42
00:02:31,680 --> 00:02:35,800
Speaker 1: that we're pursuing right now came from the French over

43
00:02:35,840 --> 00:02:40,040
Speaker 1: the last couple of centuries, right who knew, Well, we

44
00:02:40,040 --> 00:02:44,120
Speaker 1: should just mention the history in in uh long time ago,

45
00:02:44,440 --> 00:02:47,640
Speaker 1: a frenchy and his son who I could not find

46
00:02:47,639 --> 00:02:49,400
Speaker 1: their names. I couldn't either, but they had a pretty

47
00:02:49,400 --> 00:02:51,440
Speaker 1: cool idea. They attached a big lever to the side

48
00:02:51,440 --> 00:02:53,959
Speaker 1: of their boat, and when the ocean moved up and down,

49
00:02:54,000 --> 00:02:56,760
Speaker 1: the lever moved up and down, which could potentially power

50
00:02:57,600 --> 00:02:59,720
Speaker 1: pumps and saws and things like that. Right, and let's

51
00:02:59,760 --> 00:03:03,680
Speaker 1: cat showing the mechanical energy of wave motion. Very good sense.

52
00:03:04,080 --> 00:03:07,440
Speaker 1: But unfortunately, well or maybe fortunately, the steam engine came

53
00:03:07,440 --> 00:03:11,800
Speaker 1: along kind of rendered that. Unfortunately for him, his idea

54
00:03:11,880 --> 00:03:14,160
Speaker 1: was rendered moot. But thanks to the rest of us,

55
00:03:14,160 --> 00:03:16,280
Speaker 1: because steam energy turned out to be a pretty cool

56
00:03:16,320 --> 00:03:19,080
Speaker 1: thing the steam engine did. About a hundred years after that,

57
00:03:19,200 --> 00:03:25,280
Speaker 1: another Frenchman used heat energy from the ocean to generate power,

58
00:03:25,360 --> 00:03:27,520
Speaker 1: but it was not very cost effective, so that died

59
00:03:27,680 --> 00:03:31,400
Speaker 1: as well. And then uh nineteen sixty six there was

60
00:03:32,040 --> 00:03:36,360
Speaker 1: finally some success once again in France. In Britain, Yeah,

61
00:03:36,400 --> 00:03:40,280
Speaker 1: and the on the Ross River and uh, it still

62
00:03:40,280 --> 00:03:42,920
Speaker 1: operates today, and it is actually, from what I can tell,

63
00:03:43,000 --> 00:03:47,040
Speaker 1: that the biggest success, right, that's yeah, and it's because

64
00:03:47,040 --> 00:03:50,640
Speaker 1: it's actually generating electricity quite a bit, two D forty megawatts,

65
00:03:50,680 --> 00:03:53,840
Speaker 1: which is uh about that's better than a wind farm

66
00:03:54,040 --> 00:03:56,480
Speaker 1: and that's yeah that typical. Not quite as good as

67
00:03:56,480 --> 00:03:59,400
Speaker 1: a coal fire power plant, but um it is better

68
00:03:59,440 --> 00:04:02,840
Speaker 1: than a typic coal wind farm, and um it is

69
00:04:02,880 --> 00:04:06,320
Speaker 1: far and away I think the most successful UH Ocean

70
00:04:06,560 --> 00:04:10,760
Speaker 1: Energy UM outfit running right now. Right. Yeah, well that's

71
00:04:10,760 --> 00:04:14,400
Speaker 1: on the river though, was it. Yeah, So it's capturing

72
00:04:14,400 --> 00:04:16,520
Speaker 1: the energy of the tide. There's also you can you

73
00:04:16,560 --> 00:04:22,200
Speaker 1: can capture the energy of the heat differential, right, and

74
00:04:22,279 --> 00:04:25,520
Speaker 1: you can capture the mechanical energy right with ways. There's

75
00:04:25,560 --> 00:04:29,640
Speaker 1: three ways, three at least, yeah, yeah, exactly right, because

76
00:04:29,640 --> 00:04:35,159
Speaker 1: there's also the currents underwater turbines. It's four, I mean,

77
00:04:34,600 --> 00:04:40,000
Speaker 1: the ways to capture energy. Right, let's talk about ways.

78
00:04:40,040 --> 00:04:42,280
Speaker 1: This one is my favorite because there's so much to it. Right,

79
00:04:42,640 --> 00:04:46,240
Speaker 1: there's mechanical energy that can be captured, kinetic energy that

80
00:04:46,279 --> 00:04:51,080
Speaker 1: can be converted into useful mechanical energy. Basically, what you

81
00:04:51,120 --> 00:04:55,159
Speaker 1: do is you want to power somehow power turbine or

82
00:04:55,320 --> 00:05:01,560
Speaker 1: a piston to create electric city from a generator. Right. Yeah,

83
00:05:01,640 --> 00:05:05,119
Speaker 1: and waves move thanks to the wind, create big crest

84
00:05:05,160 --> 00:05:07,680
Speaker 1: and troughs. And at one point someone looked at those

85
00:05:07,680 --> 00:05:10,720
Speaker 1: and said, hey, that's pretty consistent. I bet we could

86
00:05:10,720 --> 00:05:17,800
Speaker 1: capture that. Um. It is very consistent, is very predictable, right, Um.

87
00:05:17,960 --> 00:05:20,320
Speaker 1: Waves are found all over the place, so they actually

88
00:05:20,360 --> 00:05:23,479
Speaker 1: can bring energy from other parts of the globe to you,

89
00:05:24,279 --> 00:05:29,800
Speaker 1: to you, top of the muffin, to you. Uh and um,

90
00:05:30,040 --> 00:05:32,000
Speaker 1: let's talk about how a wave comes up. Did you

91
00:05:32,000 --> 00:05:35,359
Speaker 1: read this? No, because you're the expert. You're the wave expert.

92
00:05:35,360 --> 00:05:38,479
Speaker 1: All right. So waves are the result of a transfer

93
00:05:38,520 --> 00:05:41,960
Speaker 1: of solar energy to the water, to the ocean. Okay,

94
00:05:42,279 --> 00:05:45,560
Speaker 1: so did you know that wind is really just a

95
00:05:45,640 --> 00:05:49,440
Speaker 1: creation of solar energy, solar radiation, solar heat, and that

96
00:05:49,920 --> 00:05:53,240
Speaker 1: ends up driving the wave. Yes, But it's interesting how

97
00:05:53,279 --> 00:05:57,280
Speaker 1: it starts with the sun. It does. It does start

98
00:05:57,279 --> 00:05:59,800
Speaker 1: with the sun, Chuck, thanks for that segue. Um, this

99
00:06:00,040 --> 00:06:02,359
Speaker 1: sun does not heat the earth evenly, right, right, So

100
00:06:02,400 --> 00:06:06,960
Speaker 1: there's different pockets of air, surface air that are heated

101
00:06:07,520 --> 00:06:12,159
Speaker 1: more quickly than others. They rise, okay, and as they rise,

102
00:06:12,680 --> 00:06:16,039
Speaker 1: the colder air rushes in and the movement of the

103
00:06:16,040 --> 00:06:18,719
Speaker 1: colder air to fill in the space left by the

104
00:06:18,760 --> 00:06:23,960
Speaker 1: warmer air. That's wind. That's wind. That's awesome. Okay. So

105
00:06:24,040 --> 00:06:28,320
Speaker 1: when this, when this water, when the ocean is pushed

106
00:06:28,360 --> 00:06:32,160
Speaker 1: by wind enough, long enough, hard enough, fast enough for

107
00:06:32,360 --> 00:06:36,200
Speaker 1: far enough distances, waves pick up, right, And that that

108
00:06:36,480 --> 00:06:39,480
Speaker 1: gives even more traction to the wind. So the waves

109
00:06:39,480 --> 00:06:42,360
Speaker 1: just get bigger and bigger. That's why a good storm

110
00:06:42,640 --> 00:06:45,240
Speaker 1: will produce bigger waves. Right. But what you have is

111
00:06:45,320 --> 00:06:48,640
Speaker 1: kinetic energy pushing the water into waves, and that kinetic

112
00:06:48,720 --> 00:06:51,839
Speaker 1: energy becomes stored in the wave. Right. So the wave

113
00:06:51,960 --> 00:06:54,840
Speaker 1: isn't a bunch of moving water. The water actually, as

114
00:06:54,880 --> 00:06:57,839
Speaker 1: this kinetic energy rolls over, it acts as a conveyor belt,

115
00:06:58,160 --> 00:07:02,000
Speaker 1: so it moves in a scular motion and delivers this

116
00:07:02,200 --> 00:07:06,800
Speaker 1: big dent amount of kinetic energy to you to capture

117
00:07:07,040 --> 00:07:11,560
Speaker 1: if you have a wave converter. Uh, handy, exactly, dude,

118
00:07:11,680 --> 00:07:14,560
Speaker 1: Very nice explanation, was it? Yeah? Thanks man? I think so.

119
00:07:15,160 --> 00:07:16,920
Speaker 1: It's been a little while since I got one. Right.

120
00:07:16,920 --> 00:07:20,360
Speaker 1: Shall we talk about tides now? Yes, much to the

121
00:07:20,440 --> 00:07:23,080
Speaker 1: chagrin of Bill O'Reilly, we do know what causes tide.

122
00:07:23,240 --> 00:07:26,440
Speaker 1: I'm glad you meant did you see that? Bill O'Reilly

123
00:07:26,560 --> 00:07:30,280
Speaker 1: didn't know that the pull of the moon, the gravitational

124
00:07:30,360 --> 00:07:33,240
Speaker 1: force of the moon, is what creates tides. What's crazy

125
00:07:33,360 --> 00:07:35,560
Speaker 1: is that the atheist was like, well, we don't know,

126
00:07:35,680 --> 00:07:38,840
Speaker 1: but still he was a little flustered. I can he

127
00:07:38,920 --> 00:07:42,520
Speaker 1: was flustered, but a real opportunity to be like everybody

128
00:07:42,560 --> 00:07:44,240
Speaker 1: that saw that was on the edge of their seats saying,

129
00:07:44,400 --> 00:07:49,200
Speaker 1: say it the moon, and the guy was like, yeah, well. Unfortunately,

130
00:07:49,280 --> 00:07:51,600
Speaker 1: no steps in there to correct him. I haven't heard

131
00:07:51,600 --> 00:07:54,760
Speaker 1: a response from him either. I'm curious who Bill O'Reilly. Yeah,

132
00:07:55,520 --> 00:07:57,120
Speaker 1: I don't think he's going to come out and address it.

133
00:07:57,160 --> 00:08:00,920
Speaker 1: At this point, he already looked dumb enough. He didn't care. Okay,

134
00:08:01,040 --> 00:08:04,320
Speaker 1: so uh, for those of you don't know what you're

135
00:08:04,320 --> 00:08:06,800
Speaker 1: talking about quickly. Bill O'Reilly was interviewing the head of

136
00:08:06,800 --> 00:08:10,080
Speaker 1: the Atheists of America and said, he explains God by

137
00:08:10,120 --> 00:08:12,360
Speaker 1: the fact that no one can explain what causes tides.

138
00:08:12,800 --> 00:08:15,560
Speaker 1: The tides go out, tides come in every day, and

139
00:08:15,640 --> 00:08:17,840
Speaker 1: we can't explain it, and no one knows why. I

140
00:08:17,880 --> 00:08:20,680
Speaker 1: think is what he said. So anyway, it is in

141
00:08:20,720 --> 00:08:22,880
Speaker 1: fact caused by the gravitational pull of the moon. Mr

142
00:08:22,960 --> 00:08:26,400
Speaker 1: O'Reilly and Uh. The cool thing about tides is there

143
00:08:26,440 --> 00:08:30,560
Speaker 1: everywhere along the coast. They all coastal areas experienced too

144
00:08:30,680 --> 00:08:34,000
Speaker 1: high tides and two low tides every day and they're

145
00:08:34,000 --> 00:08:37,200
Speaker 1: pretty much on the button. The unfortunate thing is there's

146
00:08:37,200 --> 00:08:40,480
Speaker 1: only about forty places around the Earth where you can

147
00:08:40,520 --> 00:08:44,600
Speaker 1: generate electricity from this because the difference between high and

148
00:08:44,640 --> 00:08:46,840
Speaker 1: low tide has to be at least sixteen feet and

149
00:08:46,880 --> 00:08:49,319
Speaker 1: that doesn't happen everywhere. So there's like forty sites around

150
00:08:49,320 --> 00:08:51,720
Speaker 1: the world that are suitable. Forty sites and the Bay

151
00:08:51,720 --> 00:08:53,480
Speaker 1: of Fundy I don't think we mentioned yet that is

152
00:08:53,480 --> 00:08:57,760
Speaker 1: where they're actually doing this, and it's it's a great place. Yeah,

153
00:08:57,840 --> 00:09:00,920
Speaker 1: it's um a narrow inlet and has the highest tides

154
00:09:00,920 --> 00:09:04,480
Speaker 1: in the world fifty feet in a very short cycle,

155
00:09:05,000 --> 00:09:07,040
Speaker 1: so in six hours they can produce a hundred and

156
00:09:07,120 --> 00:09:10,600
Speaker 1: ten billion tons of seawater flow in and out. Yeah,

157
00:09:10,640 --> 00:09:13,920
Speaker 1: that's a lot. Again it is. So that's yeah, and

158
00:09:13,960 --> 00:09:17,000
Speaker 1: they're they're actually generating power there that Fundy. But what's

159
00:09:17,000 --> 00:09:19,320
Speaker 1: crazy is that that when we talked about in Britain

160
00:09:19,480 --> 00:09:23,080
Speaker 1: France um two forty megawatts the Bay of fundy with

161
00:09:23,160 --> 00:09:26,000
Speaker 1: that enormous transfer of seawater in and out still only

162
00:09:26,040 --> 00:09:30,880
Speaker 1: generates a twenty megawatt um power twenty megawatts of power,

163
00:09:31,640 --> 00:09:34,880
Speaker 1: twenty megawatt power just one. So one way they can

164
00:09:34,920 --> 00:09:40,400
Speaker 1: do this, Josh, is with uh, like rivers with a dam. Right,

165
00:09:40,440 --> 00:09:43,559
Speaker 1: they can build a title dam essentially and it operates

166
00:09:43,600 --> 00:09:47,320
Speaker 1: kind of in the same way, which is how buddy,

167
00:09:47,800 --> 00:09:50,360
Speaker 1: they don't know if we need to explain that gates

168
00:09:50,360 --> 00:09:52,640
Speaker 1: open up. It's called a beverage or is it a

169
00:09:52,679 --> 00:09:57,200
Speaker 1: beverage or barrage barage and the tides Uh. When there's

170
00:09:57,200 --> 00:09:59,880
Speaker 1: an adequate difference in the level of water on the

171
00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:03,800
Speaker 1: oposite side of the dam, the gate opens and allows

172
00:10:03,800 --> 00:10:06,760
Speaker 1: water to flow in across the turbine spinds. The turbine

173
00:10:07,240 --> 00:10:12,000
Speaker 1: creates h electricity via generator. Right, So anytime you're talking

174
00:10:12,040 --> 00:10:16,720
Speaker 1: about wave action or the movement of water, UH, there's

175
00:10:16,800 --> 00:10:19,360
Speaker 1: going to be some sort of turbine or piston involved

176
00:10:19,920 --> 00:10:23,920
Speaker 1: because that's all you need and it's going to generate electricity.

177
00:10:25,240 --> 00:10:27,920
Speaker 1: It still blows me away that that's possible. Yeah, but

178
00:10:27,960 --> 00:10:30,480
Speaker 1: it's so simple too. We just have to figure out

179
00:10:30,480 --> 00:10:33,000
Speaker 1: how to do it more efficiently and then you know,

180
00:10:33,480 --> 00:10:35,280
Speaker 1: we'll be able to come up with this nice grab

181
00:10:35,320 --> 00:10:41,280
Speaker 1: bag of energy providers. It's right. Yeah, ocean tides Josh

182
00:10:41,320 --> 00:10:46,280
Speaker 1: into title currents is another way. Yeah, what are title currents? Well,

183
00:10:46,320 --> 00:10:49,120
Speaker 1: title currents are well what bring in the tides? Are

184
00:10:49,160 --> 00:10:52,280
Speaker 1: the currents that are created by the tides coming in

185
00:10:52,360 --> 00:10:55,560
Speaker 1: and out. Right. The problem with the title currents is

186
00:10:55,600 --> 00:10:58,560
Speaker 1: that they're not constant. Like you said, they happen twice

187
00:10:58,600 --> 00:11:02,240
Speaker 1: a day in and out each twice a day, right,

188
00:11:02,559 --> 00:11:04,920
Speaker 1: too high, too low. So you've got four tidal currents.

189
00:11:05,320 --> 00:11:09,439
Speaker 1: If you're set up to um generate power as it's

190
00:11:09,440 --> 00:11:11,680
Speaker 1: going in and out, well, how would you do that? Though?

191
00:11:11,760 --> 00:11:16,760
Speaker 1: Underwater turbines it's basically like a wind underwater wind farm.

192
00:11:16,840 --> 00:11:21,760
Speaker 1: I didn't realize that, like sixty six foot propellers underwater spinning.

193
00:11:22,280 --> 00:11:24,040
Speaker 1: But that's what they put. Was it the East River?

194
00:11:24,400 --> 00:11:26,680
Speaker 1: That's what they put in New York? They had these

195
00:11:26,679 --> 00:11:30,280
Speaker 1: in there. Still, Yeah, well at least two more than that.

196
00:11:30,320 --> 00:11:34,319
Speaker 1: We'll get to that. It's it's paying off finally, So Chuck,

197
00:11:34,360 --> 00:11:37,959
Speaker 1: that's that's electrical. As as we said electrical, there's going

198
00:11:38,000 --> 00:11:40,800
Speaker 1: to be some sort of turbine or piston that is

199
00:11:41,080 --> 00:11:44,320
Speaker 1: moved up and down by the the either the well

200
00:11:44,400 --> 00:11:47,920
Speaker 1: the movement of water, whether it's waves, currents, tides, whatever.

201
00:11:48,360 --> 00:11:52,760
Speaker 1: But then there's also um thermal energy big time. You

202
00:11:52,800 --> 00:11:56,320
Speaker 1: want the stat Yeah, the ocean, the sun provides the

203
00:11:56,320 --> 00:11:59,000
Speaker 1: equivalent of two hundred and fifty billion barrels of oil

204
00:12:00,120 --> 00:12:07,960
Speaker 1: per day. Yeah in the ocean. Yeah, that's that's a lot. Yeah,

205
00:12:08,080 --> 00:12:10,240
Speaker 1: that's a lot. More sits out there and collects all

206
00:12:10,240 --> 00:12:12,160
Speaker 1: this heat from the ocean. I think in the unit

207
00:12:12,320 --> 00:12:15,120
Speaker 1: in the US we use twenty one million barrels of

208
00:12:15,160 --> 00:12:19,040
Speaker 1: oil a day. And this is now the problem is

209
00:12:19,120 --> 00:12:22,040
Speaker 1: is like that's across the entire ocean, that's across the

210
00:12:22,120 --> 00:12:25,480
Speaker 1: Earth's surface. We we don't know how to do that.

211
00:12:25,520 --> 00:12:28,280
Speaker 1: We're still working with full of vite ex cels, like

212
00:12:28,320 --> 00:12:30,520
Speaker 1: how does this work? How do we make this happen?

213
00:12:30,840 --> 00:12:34,360
Speaker 1: So that's that's as much as we could ever possibly capture, right,

214
00:12:34,760 --> 00:12:37,320
Speaker 1: but still even if we get a significant portion of

215
00:12:37,360 --> 00:12:42,400
Speaker 1: that and can convert it into energy, we're on easy Street. Explain,

216
00:12:43,320 --> 00:12:46,719
Speaker 1: Oh tech is ocean thermal energy conversion? Right? Yeah, that's

217
00:12:46,720 --> 00:12:48,160
Speaker 1: how they do it, and there's a couple of ways

218
00:12:48,200 --> 00:12:50,760
Speaker 1: to do it. There's a closed system there's an open system,

219
00:12:50,760 --> 00:12:52,880
Speaker 1: and there's a hybrid system, which is open and closed

220
00:12:52,880 --> 00:12:57,719
Speaker 1: system mixed together. So with a closed system, um, you

221
00:12:57,800 --> 00:13:01,480
Speaker 1: usually you take some sort of low boiling point liquid

222
00:13:01,559 --> 00:13:06,000
Speaker 1: like ammonia, which has a boiling point of like negative

223
00:13:06,040 --> 00:13:09,520
Speaker 1: twenty eight degrees fahrenheit, right, which I don't understand how

224
00:13:09,559 --> 00:13:11,880
Speaker 1: windex works. Then that's something I think we need to

225
00:13:11,880 --> 00:13:15,480
Speaker 1: look up index works. Yeah, has ammonia in it? Right?

226
00:13:15,720 --> 00:13:18,199
Speaker 1: How is it kept liquid? Because I can tell you

227
00:13:18,280 --> 00:13:22,679
Speaker 1: my the the area under my sink is warmer than

228
00:13:22,760 --> 00:13:27,439
Speaker 1: negative twenty degrees fahrenheit. Yeah, I mean, but there's bottles

229
00:13:27,440 --> 00:13:31,960
Speaker 1: of ammonia to just playing ammonia. Right. I guess Bill

230
00:13:31,960 --> 00:13:36,120
Speaker 1: O'Reilly was right, Chuck. Um. So in a close in

231
00:13:36,160 --> 00:13:39,640
Speaker 1: a closed system, you take ammonia, um, you expose it

232
00:13:39,679 --> 00:13:45,679
Speaker 1: to sea water warmer seawater, right, uh, and it immediately

233
00:13:45,760 --> 00:13:50,040
Speaker 1: vaporizes into gas. As that gas expands, it pushes a turbine.

234
00:13:50,160 --> 00:13:53,080
Speaker 1: There's another turbine, right, It's like a steam engine. Wood

235
00:13:53,080 --> 00:13:57,080
Speaker 1: powers a generator, and then the gas has moved into

236
00:13:57,679 --> 00:14:01,160
Speaker 1: another chamber where it encounters co old sea water and

237
00:14:01,280 --> 00:14:03,640
Speaker 1: converts back into liquid, and it's pumped back into the

238
00:14:03,640 --> 00:14:06,760
Speaker 1: original chamber again. See I love systems like this where

239
00:14:06,760 --> 00:14:10,360
Speaker 1: it's just a loop. Stuff becomes vapor, then it goes

240
00:14:10,400 --> 00:14:12,560
Speaker 1: back to what it was, then it becomes vapor again.

241
00:14:12,840 --> 00:14:16,920
Speaker 1: Seems real efficient, closed system, right yes, yes, And then

242
00:14:16,920 --> 00:14:21,040
Speaker 1: there's the open system, right yeah, And that's a little

243
00:14:21,080 --> 00:14:24,640
Speaker 1: bit of a different principle. It's warm surface water, but

244
00:14:24,680 --> 00:14:28,080
Speaker 1: he's a vacuum chamber. They move all the air and

245
00:14:28,840 --> 00:14:32,240
Speaker 1: because of magic, when you do this, the seawater boils.

246
00:14:33,120 --> 00:14:35,560
Speaker 1: Is that insane clown posse? I think so? So it

247
00:14:35,560 --> 00:14:39,000
Speaker 1: actually boils and that produces steam, like pure water steam,

248
00:14:39,680 --> 00:14:42,800
Speaker 1: and then that can drive the turbine. And then just

249
00:14:42,840 --> 00:14:44,960
Speaker 1: like with the ammonia, you pump cold sea water back

250
00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:48,680
Speaker 1: in cools, the steam changes it back into water and

251
00:14:49,040 --> 00:14:51,640
Speaker 1: back again back again. The cool part about this is

252
00:14:51,800 --> 00:14:54,680
Speaker 1: they can create fresh water as sort of a byproduct,

253
00:14:54,720 --> 00:14:59,560
Speaker 1: which is awesome. That's huge desalienation is they've had a

254
00:14:59,560 --> 00:15:01,600
Speaker 1: lot of t auble doing that successfully in a large

255
00:15:01,640 --> 00:15:04,760
Speaker 1: scale right right. Um we talked about that in manufacturing

256
00:15:04,840 --> 00:15:07,640
Speaker 1: water and some of the other ones. Um. But yeah,

257
00:15:07,760 --> 00:15:10,800
Speaker 1: if you if you create the steam out of sea water,

258
00:15:10,920 --> 00:15:14,840
Speaker 1: they found that it's almost pure water, pure freshwater. No

259
00:15:15,000 --> 00:15:18,520
Speaker 1: salt and you can drink that. So yeah, they're trying

260
00:15:18,520 --> 00:15:21,240
Speaker 1: to figure out how to use open cycle systems and

261
00:15:21,280 --> 00:15:24,000
Speaker 1: the hybrid system, which, like I said, combines closed in

262
00:15:24,120 --> 00:15:28,360
Speaker 1: open systems. Um, but both the hybrid and the open

263
00:15:28,840 --> 00:15:31,800
Speaker 1: create fresh water. And I think they figured out that

264
00:15:31,920 --> 00:15:37,520
Speaker 1: a single too megawatt oh tech plant, either open or hybrid,

265
00:15:38,040 --> 00:15:44,080
Speaker 1: could produce cubic meters of desalinated water every day, which

266
00:15:44,160 --> 00:15:47,720
Speaker 1: is that I can't drink that much. Yeah, you can

267
00:15:47,760 --> 00:15:51,600
Speaker 1: drink that much coffee. I do, which is why I

268
00:15:51,680 --> 00:15:55,920
Speaker 1: spill it right now. Unfortunately, otech systems aren't producing a

269
00:15:55,960 --> 00:15:59,000
Speaker 1: lot of electricity, but they think that the potential there

270
00:15:59,120 --> 00:16:01,520
Speaker 1: is pretty great. Other people are investing in that at

271
00:16:01,560 --> 00:16:03,080
Speaker 1: this point. Yeah, that seems to be the one that's

272
00:16:03,080 --> 00:16:08,720
Speaker 1: attracting the most investment dollars right now. I wonder why, uh,

273
00:16:08,960 --> 00:16:11,560
Speaker 1: what do you mean why people are going that way? Yeah,

274
00:16:11,880 --> 00:16:14,440
Speaker 1: I don't know. Maybe it's the most efficient, cost effective

275
00:16:14,440 --> 00:16:16,440
Speaker 1: way at this point, who knows. I think it's actually

276
00:16:16,480 --> 00:16:19,680
Speaker 1: the most expensive, to tell you the truth. Really, I

277
00:16:19,800 --> 00:16:23,160
Speaker 1: mean it's not the most efficient it maybe it's true,

278
00:16:23,280 --> 00:16:26,360
Speaker 1: but it's it's the most expensive. I think. Well, right now,

279
00:16:26,480 --> 00:16:28,400
Speaker 1: what's going on is there's a lot of research and

280
00:16:28,480 --> 00:16:31,440
Speaker 1: development happening and all these fields because they think the

281
00:16:31,480 --> 00:16:36,440
Speaker 1: ocean is really where it's at. We talked about Verdant Power. UM,

282
00:16:36,680 --> 00:16:39,600
Speaker 1: here's a little update on their system. They are in

283
00:16:39,760 --> 00:16:43,680
Speaker 1: phase three right now. They, like you said, they had

284
00:16:43,720 --> 00:16:48,280
Speaker 1: some problems in the demonstration phase because marine environments are

285
00:16:48,280 --> 00:16:51,720
Speaker 1: pretty rough on everything. Just ask anyone who like lives

286
00:16:51,720 --> 00:16:54,000
Speaker 1: on the beach with a car. Some fishes like I'm

287
00:16:54,000 --> 00:16:58,119
Speaker 1: swimming here. That's true. We'll get to that as controversial.

288
00:16:58,960 --> 00:17:01,920
Speaker 1: UH talked about it before, but yeah, that's true. In

289
00:17:02,000 --> 00:17:06,040
Speaker 1: the demonstration period though, they did produced a free flow system.

290
00:17:07,040 --> 00:17:11,520
Speaker 1: They produced elect They called it excellent hydrodynamic, mechanical and

291
00:17:11,560 --> 00:17:15,120
Speaker 1: electrical performance grid connect the power with no quality problems,

292
00:17:15,920 --> 00:17:22,320
Speaker 1: fully by directional, continuous unattended operation. So they don't even

293
00:17:22,320 --> 00:17:26,000
Speaker 1: have some dude down there right. I wonder how it's

294
00:17:26,040 --> 00:17:29,639
Speaker 1: that job would pay exactly. In the end, they produced

295
00:17:29,680 --> 00:17:33,480
Speaker 1: seventy megawatt hours of energy to two end users and

296
00:17:33,920 --> 00:17:37,000
Speaker 1: UM right now, they applied for a permit basically in

297
00:17:37,240 --> 00:17:39,480
Speaker 1: just a couple of months ago. Last month in December,

298
00:17:40,040 --> 00:17:42,600
Speaker 1: they applied for a permit to make it real, and

299
00:17:42,680 --> 00:17:45,200
Speaker 1: they're waiting on. All of that was just they just

300
00:17:45,280 --> 00:17:49,680
Speaker 1: wrote that story down there, like now let's make this real. Well,

301
00:17:49,720 --> 00:17:51,879
Speaker 1: they want to do it, you know, in earnest and

302
00:17:52,000 --> 00:17:54,159
Speaker 1: not just demonstrate, and they think they're at that point now.

303
00:17:54,240 --> 00:17:56,360
Speaker 1: So they're waiting on I think right now they're waiting

304
00:17:56,400 --> 00:17:58,600
Speaker 1: on New York City to say, take over the East

305
00:17:58,720 --> 00:18:01,080
Speaker 1: River or this portion of it and do it so

306
00:18:01,240 --> 00:18:06,000
Speaker 1: to megawatts uh, seventy megawatt hours of energy families to

307
00:18:06,080 --> 00:18:08,560
Speaker 1: two end users. I don't think they were families. I

308
00:18:08,640 --> 00:18:11,879
Speaker 1: think they were probably power plants or something. Ohh gotcha,

309
00:18:12,080 --> 00:18:14,800
Speaker 1: Yeah are you sure? No, I'm not because then user

310
00:18:14,840 --> 00:18:16,520
Speaker 1: could also be like some guy with a hot plate

311
00:18:16,520 --> 00:18:18,840
Speaker 1: and he's like, hey, I'm my hot plates working just fine.

312
00:18:20,400 --> 00:18:23,639
Speaker 1: The UK is is who is leading title turbine research

313
00:18:23,760 --> 00:18:26,159
Speaker 1: right now, though, So hats off to you, is it

314
00:18:26,240 --> 00:18:30,000
Speaker 1: the UK? I thought this has something? Well, no, they're

315
00:18:30,040 --> 00:18:31,879
Speaker 1: they're all dabbling in its Spain in Portugal, but the

316
00:18:32,000 --> 00:18:35,240
Speaker 1: UK is currently ahead of the game in in this

317
00:18:35,400 --> 00:18:38,239
Speaker 1: kind of stuff so far. Wow. Well, yeah, that's off

318
00:18:38,359 --> 00:18:41,639
Speaker 1: for sure. And yeah they took the mantle from the

319
00:18:41,720 --> 00:18:43,960
Speaker 1: French and ran with it, right The French are like,

320
00:18:45,640 --> 00:18:48,160
Speaker 1: it's two accents for me to zero for you today.

321
00:18:48,600 --> 00:18:52,119
Speaker 1: That's a switch. So why is this good? Why are

322
00:18:52,160 --> 00:18:55,320
Speaker 1: we doing this? What are the environmental advantages? Well, one

323
00:18:55,359 --> 00:18:59,560
Speaker 1: of the things we said was the um with wave energy. Right,

324
00:19:00,000 --> 00:19:01,800
Speaker 1: I didn't give you a stat that's going to blow

325
00:19:01,840 --> 00:19:06,040
Speaker 1: your mind. Wave energy alone, right, the kinnectic energy found

326
00:19:06,080 --> 00:19:11,720
Speaker 1: in the motion on the ocean, right could point zero

327
00:19:11,960 --> 00:19:17,320
Speaker 1: two percent of that, right, could power the entire planet.

328
00:19:17,680 --> 00:19:20,720
Speaker 1: Point zero two I'm sorry, point of the energy, and

329
00:19:20,800 --> 00:19:23,600
Speaker 1: ocean waves could power the entire But still it's pretty

330
00:19:23,600 --> 00:19:27,920
Speaker 1: impressive point to, not two point anything point to. So

331
00:19:28,040 --> 00:19:29,480
Speaker 1: what you're saying is we just need to be able

332
00:19:29,480 --> 00:19:32,920
Speaker 1: to harness a very tiny percentage. Yes. Plus also the

333
00:19:33,000 --> 00:19:34,960
Speaker 1: good thing, the good thing about waves, which is why

334
00:19:35,000 --> 00:19:37,119
Speaker 1: I throw my weight behind it. As compared to a

335
00:19:37,320 --> 00:19:43,239
Speaker 1: wind farm, right, Um, you've got three times the density, right,

336
00:19:43,880 --> 00:19:47,840
Speaker 1: so conceivably moving it about the same rate as as

337
00:19:48,119 --> 00:19:50,760
Speaker 1: you know, wind five knots or something like that, you

338
00:19:50,760 --> 00:19:53,680
Speaker 1: would have three times the amount of energy capable of

339
00:19:53,760 --> 00:19:58,080
Speaker 1: being captured and transferred into usable electricity. Yeah, it says

340
00:19:58,160 --> 00:20:01,120
Speaker 1: a current, a water current, ocean current running five miles

341
00:20:01,119 --> 00:20:04,920
Speaker 1: an hour can turn a tidal turbine thirty revolutions per minute,

342
00:20:05,440 --> 00:20:08,760
Speaker 1: and that is very much more than the wind. Well,

343
00:20:08,840 --> 00:20:11,640
Speaker 1: just and don't forget. I mean we're talking about turbines

344
00:20:11,720 --> 00:20:15,399
Speaker 1: that are propellers that are sixty ft across each. I

345
00:20:15,480 --> 00:20:18,200
Speaker 1: mean that's a lot, yes, thirty times a minute, it's

346
00:20:18,240 --> 00:20:22,920
Speaker 1: like almost once every few seconds. Uh. They also run

347
00:20:23,040 --> 00:20:26,800
Speaker 1: silent and run deep. So a lot of people complain

348
00:20:26,880 --> 00:20:31,280
Speaker 1: about the noise of wind farms, the buzzing, the buzzing,

349
00:20:31,359 --> 00:20:35,600
Speaker 1: the constant buzzing, the aerodynamics noise, and you know they're

350
00:20:35,680 --> 00:20:37,639
Speaker 1: underwater so you don't see it. Is. The funny thing

351
00:20:37,800 --> 00:20:40,560
Speaker 1: is that's such a like a human centric way of

352
00:20:40,680 --> 00:20:42,480
Speaker 1: looking at it, like, oh, it doesn't make any noise

353
00:20:42,520 --> 00:20:46,080
Speaker 1: because we're above water, right, who cares about what it

354
00:20:46,160 --> 00:20:49,159
Speaker 1: sounds like below water? Surely placing these things in the

355
00:20:49,240 --> 00:20:52,400
Speaker 1: ocean are going to have like a huge impact, right well,

356
00:20:52,440 --> 00:20:54,480
Speaker 1: and that's the downside. Might as well get to that.

357
00:20:55,080 --> 00:20:57,280
Speaker 1: You can't you can't just throw these things in the

358
00:20:57,320 --> 00:21:00,720
Speaker 1: ocean and have no impact on marine life. Gonna kill

359
00:21:00,760 --> 00:21:05,520
Speaker 1: some fish, definitely disrupt some some spawning patterns will take

360
00:21:05,600 --> 00:21:09,120
Speaker 1: Like an otech system, right, a closed otech system, if

361
00:21:09,280 --> 00:21:13,639
Speaker 1: say it's battered about by a particularly bad typhoon, that

362
00:21:14,000 --> 00:21:16,640
Speaker 1: closed system may not be closed any longer, and you've

363
00:21:16,640 --> 00:21:19,200
Speaker 1: got a massive ammonia spill in a local area in

364
00:21:19,240 --> 00:21:23,400
Speaker 1: the ocean, and yeah, that's gonna kill some fish, right. Um,

365
00:21:24,480 --> 00:21:27,239
Speaker 1: same with any grease that you might need to keep

366
00:21:27,280 --> 00:21:31,520
Speaker 1: a piston moving properly. There's just there's a lot of

367
00:21:31,680 --> 00:21:35,520
Speaker 1: factors involved. But conceivably, I'm I'm pretty sure you could

368
00:21:35,600 --> 00:21:39,720
Speaker 1: do a um what are those called that that risk

369
00:21:39,760 --> 00:21:44,360
Speaker 1: assessment people do, like a cost benefit analysis versus say

370
00:21:44,480 --> 00:21:49,239
Speaker 1: something like a power plant UH is spewing out right?

371
00:21:49,480 --> 00:21:53,360
Speaker 1: How how much couldn't you compare that pretty easily? I think?

372
00:21:54,160 --> 00:21:57,840
Speaker 1: And I wonder if if the impact would be much

373
00:21:57,960 --> 00:22:03,239
Speaker 1: less severe on ocean environment than right above ground. Well,

374
00:22:03,280 --> 00:22:05,440
Speaker 1: there's going to be an impact. You can't create electricity

375
00:22:05,560 --> 00:22:08,160
Speaker 1: without some sort of impact on something in the environments,

376
00:22:08,200 --> 00:22:11,320
Speaker 1: like making so exactly got to break a few eggs.

377
00:22:11,920 --> 00:22:14,919
Speaker 1: So I think the ideal is to find the minimal

378
00:22:15,000 --> 00:22:19,440
Speaker 1: impact with the maximum payoff. Right now, it is not

379
00:22:19,680 --> 00:22:24,280
Speaker 1: ocean UH power because it's still heavily in the R

380
00:22:24,359 --> 00:22:27,040
Speaker 1: and D phase, which means it's expensive. But as the

381
00:22:27,160 --> 00:22:31,240
Speaker 1: kinks get worked out, like the solar panels were, I

382
00:22:31,280 --> 00:22:33,320
Speaker 1: mean they're still expensive, but they were way more expensive

383
00:22:33,400 --> 00:22:36,440
Speaker 1: twenty years ago because they didn't work right all the

384
00:22:36,520 --> 00:22:38,120
Speaker 1: time and you had to put more money into making

385
00:22:38,160 --> 00:22:40,320
Speaker 1: them work right. But once you get the kinks worked out,

386
00:22:40,320 --> 00:22:42,600
Speaker 1: it becomes a little more efficient, little cheaper. So maybe

387
00:22:42,640 --> 00:22:45,480
Speaker 1: it'll it'll close that gap a bit. Yeah, my my

388
00:22:45,600 --> 00:22:48,680
Speaker 1: money and I think we should talk about why tides,

389
00:22:48,880 --> 00:22:54,040
Speaker 1: title damns barages don't are have are problematic problem because

390
00:22:54,040 --> 00:22:56,960
Speaker 1: they kind of captured my attention, like I was thinking, well, yeah,

391
00:22:57,000 --> 00:23:00,960
Speaker 1: it's build some hydro electric electric damns these forty sites

392
00:23:01,040 --> 00:23:03,720
Speaker 1: and that will help tremendously. Sure. Part of the problem

393
00:23:03,840 --> 00:23:07,240
Speaker 1: is the whole point of um title movement in a bay,

394
00:23:07,400 --> 00:23:10,119
Speaker 1: or one of the benefits of it, UH is to

395
00:23:11,000 --> 00:23:16,560
Speaker 1: filter out impurities, silt, crud, dead crayfish, all that stuff

396
00:23:17,080 --> 00:23:19,720
Speaker 1: sucked out and you know turned into food or you

397
00:23:19,800 --> 00:23:22,399
Speaker 1: know filtered into the rest of the ocean. Right If

398
00:23:22,480 --> 00:23:25,800
Speaker 1: you have a damn there, that's that's UH making that

399
00:23:26,040 --> 00:23:29,280
Speaker 1: more difficult or preventing that. In some cases, the local

400
00:23:29,400 --> 00:23:33,920
Speaker 1: environment around that bay suffers because the water purity plummets.

401
00:23:34,680 --> 00:23:38,800
Speaker 1: My money's on wave converter wave energy converters like Salter's duck.

402
00:23:39,520 --> 00:23:41,880
Speaker 1: Plus we found out that damns on the earth can

403
00:23:41,960 --> 00:23:45,480
Speaker 1: potentially cause earthquakes. Wonder I mean, I wonder if we

404
00:23:45,520 --> 00:23:48,080
Speaker 1: could have an effect under the seafloor as well. Yeah,

405
00:23:49,040 --> 00:23:52,120
Speaker 1: learn the hard way sometimes, we definitely do. Actually that's

406
00:23:52,160 --> 00:23:57,520
Speaker 1: the only way humans learned. Chuck. Yeah, agreed. Well, if

407
00:23:57,560 --> 00:24:00,040
Speaker 1: you want to learn more about Salter's duck, this a

408
00:24:00,119 --> 00:24:03,879
Speaker 1: sterious thing I've just now mentioned, I would recommend you

409
00:24:03,960 --> 00:24:06,879
Speaker 1: type that in S A L T E R apostrophe

410
00:24:07,200 --> 00:24:09,520
Speaker 1: s in the handy search bar How stuff works dot Com.

411
00:24:09,840 --> 00:24:13,120
Speaker 1: Also required reading for this one is wave energy type

412
00:24:13,200 --> 00:24:16,959
Speaker 1: that in and ocean power. That'll just bring up everything

413
00:24:17,119 --> 00:24:19,639
Speaker 1: right there. Read those three, and uh, listen to this

414
00:24:19,760 --> 00:24:23,440
Speaker 1: podcast and just start spewing out information whenever somebody's like,

415
00:24:24,080 --> 00:24:28,399
Speaker 1: I love oil, Yeah for coal? Yeah, you know, we

416
00:24:28,480 --> 00:24:31,680
Speaker 1: need to do a show on his mountaintop removal coal mining.

417
00:24:31,720 --> 00:24:34,840
Speaker 1: Have you heard of that? Yeah, that's that's tough stuff

418
00:24:36,000 --> 00:24:39,680
Speaker 1: that makes releasing lubricants into the ocean through an o

419
00:24:39,920 --> 00:24:44,240
Speaker 1: tech system look like nothing exactly. Yeah. Alright, well, yeah,

420
00:24:44,280 --> 00:24:50,760
Speaker 1: I said handy search bar already, right, listener, mail Josh,

421
00:24:50,840 --> 00:24:54,400
Speaker 1: I'm gonna call this one of a hundred or more

422
00:24:54,600 --> 00:24:57,840
Speaker 1: ocular migraine emails. I would say at least the hundred.

423
00:24:57,960 --> 00:24:59,879
Speaker 1: We've heard from a lot of people who suffer from

424
00:24:59,880 --> 00:25:03,760
Speaker 1: the ease, and we came We've got the idea. Right.

425
00:25:03,880 --> 00:25:05,600
Speaker 1: I want to say to everyone that I'm sorry you

426
00:25:05,880 --> 00:25:07,800
Speaker 1: have to deal with this stuff. But I picked out

427
00:25:07,840 --> 00:25:10,280
Speaker 1: one from David in the UK because I like a

428
00:25:10,440 --> 00:25:14,440
Speaker 1: UK Did that have a funny accent? It did? Hey, guys,

429
00:25:14,480 --> 00:25:17,040
Speaker 1: just listen to the migraine podcast. I'm responding to your call.

430
00:25:17,480 --> 00:25:19,760
Speaker 1: I was first diagnosed with migraines at fourteen. I'm now

431
00:25:19,880 --> 00:25:23,200
Speaker 1: forty seven. When I had an extreme port of of

432
00:25:23,280 --> 00:25:25,960
Speaker 1: dizziness at fourteen, it made me nauseous, preventing me from

433
00:25:26,040 --> 00:25:29,240
Speaker 1: standing because the room was spinning, preventing my eyes from

434
00:25:29,480 --> 00:25:34,360
Speaker 1: remaining still if I look to the right jittered. I've

435
00:25:34,400 --> 00:25:36,480
Speaker 1: not had a particular episode like this since, but the

436
00:25:36,560 --> 00:25:39,639
Speaker 1: migraine symptoms have changed over the years. Up to the

437
00:25:39,720 --> 00:25:41,720
Speaker 1: early twenties, I would get tunnel vision. I could only

438
00:25:41,760 --> 00:25:44,399
Speaker 1: see what was directly what I was directly looking at

439
00:25:44,480 --> 00:25:48,119
Speaker 1: about fifteen percent of my vision. The rest was all swirly.

440
00:25:48,280 --> 00:25:52,840
Speaker 1: Imagine looking through a scene through two highly polished steel tubes.

441
00:25:54,080 --> 00:25:56,080
Speaker 1: From then on, it was the opposite. The subject I

442
00:25:56,160 --> 00:25:58,480
Speaker 1: was looking at would disappear, but the outer part was clear.

443
00:25:58,920 --> 00:26:02,200
Speaker 1: Imagine looking at some twenty ft away, but look directly

444
00:26:02,280 --> 00:26:06,040
Speaker 1: at their face. Their head disappeared. Peculiar thing. I think

445
00:26:06,119 --> 00:26:09,639
Speaker 1: that's peculiar enough. The peculiar thing is that it didn't

446
00:26:09,640 --> 00:26:12,399
Speaker 1: look odd until I thought about it. Somewhat like a

447
00:26:12,560 --> 00:26:17,959
Speaker 1: blind spot test. Yeah, blind spots are very um common,

448
00:26:19,280 --> 00:26:22,719
Speaker 1: so well, sure they're just concerued. Uh. There's a very

449
00:26:22,800 --> 00:26:26,119
Speaker 1: mild headache following an episode, similar to eyestrain, and sometimes

450
00:26:26,160 --> 00:26:28,760
Speaker 1: a feeling which I can only describe as an empty

451
00:26:28,840 --> 00:26:31,920
Speaker 1: space in my head that feels as though it should

452
00:26:31,920 --> 00:26:35,200
Speaker 1: have a sign saying headache to be erected here soon.

453
00:26:36,119 --> 00:26:38,720
Speaker 1: That's not age, that's not touch wood, guys. I have

454
00:26:38,840 --> 00:26:41,280
Speaker 1: not had an episode in waking hours for about four

455
00:26:41,359 --> 00:26:44,879
Speaker 1: years now, and notice no more morning symptoms, which I

456
00:26:44,960 --> 00:26:49,280
Speaker 1: attribute to being on permanent statin medication for high cholesterol.

457
00:26:49,880 --> 00:26:53,440
Speaker 1: You know, here in America we don't touch wood. We not.

458
00:26:55,119 --> 00:26:57,480
Speaker 1: So that's from David in the UK. And uh, for

459
00:26:57,600 --> 00:27:00,640
Speaker 1: everyone suffering from ocular migraines, I'm so right, yes, same,

460
00:27:01,840 --> 00:27:06,119
Speaker 1: it sounds awful. He talked about um his eyes when

461
00:27:06,160 --> 00:27:08,440
Speaker 1: he looked to the right, his eyes trembling back and forth.

462
00:27:09,040 --> 00:27:11,919
Speaker 1: Do you remember that actor whose whose eyes like went

463
00:27:11,960 --> 00:27:14,680
Speaker 1: back and forth all the time. He was in h

464
00:27:15,680 --> 00:27:18,200
Speaker 1: what's the one with John Cusack where there's a murder

465
00:27:18,359 --> 00:27:23,640
Speaker 1: John Cusack? Ray Leota say anything? Oh the hotel thing? Yeah, yeah,

466
00:27:23,680 --> 00:27:25,480
Speaker 1: that was awful. What was the name of the movie though,

467
00:27:25,920 --> 00:27:29,040
Speaker 1: Oh I can't remember. Well, he played the guy, like

468
00:27:29,240 --> 00:27:31,680
Speaker 1: the bad guy in that one. But he was also

469
00:27:31,720 --> 00:27:34,560
Speaker 1: in a movie with Mickey Rourke. His eyes twitchy. Yeah,

470
00:27:34,760 --> 00:27:36,960
Speaker 1: that's just like what the actor was known for. Like,

471
00:27:37,080 --> 00:27:39,200
Speaker 1: they just moved back and forth in a really weird way.

472
00:27:40,119 --> 00:27:42,879
Speaker 1: So if you can tell me what movie that that

473
00:27:43,000 --> 00:27:46,920
Speaker 1: guy appeared with with Mickey Rourke? All right, yeah, I

474
00:27:47,040 --> 00:27:49,399
Speaker 1: want to hear Okay, right, I think we should. Well,

475
00:27:49,480 --> 00:27:52,040
Speaker 1: we can't do contests anymore, can't we. You know, actors

476
00:27:52,040 --> 00:27:53,639
Speaker 1: always list have you ever seen a head shot? They

477
00:27:53,680 --> 00:27:57,120
Speaker 1: always list on the back their special things they can do. Yeah,

478
00:27:57,200 --> 00:28:01,480
Speaker 1: this is always like horseback riding, BURPONCM man accents and

479
00:28:01,560 --> 00:28:05,360
Speaker 1: this guy head high twitch right, it's crazy. I can't

480
00:28:05,359 --> 00:28:08,160
Speaker 1: believe you haven't seen it. I probably haven't just didn't

481
00:28:08,160 --> 00:28:09,680
Speaker 1: notice it or something. Well, if you can tell me

482
00:28:09,800 --> 00:28:11,400
Speaker 1: what movie he was in with Mickey work. I want

483
00:28:11,440 --> 00:28:13,920
Speaker 1: to hear it. Wrap it up in an email and

484
00:28:14,119 --> 00:28:18,200
Speaker 1: send it to stuff Podcasts at how stuff works dot com.

485
00:28:21,880 --> 00:28:24,200
Speaker 1: For moral on this and thousands of other topics. Is

486
00:28:24,240 --> 00:28:26,520
Speaker 1: that how stuff works dot com. To learn more about

487
00:28:26,520 --> 00:28:29,359
Speaker 1: the podcast, click on the podcast icon in the upper

488
00:28:29,440 --> 00:28:32,560
Speaker 1: right corner of our homepage. The how Stuff Works iPhone

489
00:28:32,600 --> 00:28:38,760
Speaker 1: app has arrived. Download it today on iTunes. Brought to

490
00:28:38,800 --> 00:28:41,920
Speaker 1: you by the reinvented two thousand twelve camera. It's ready,

491
00:28:42,120 --> 00:28:42,440
Speaker 1: are you