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Speaker 1: From Media Doors World News headquarters in Bozeman, Montana. This

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Speaker 1: is Kel's we Can Review with Ryan kel Kell and

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Speaker 1: now Here's Kel. A sloth bear attacked six people last

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Speaker 1: week outside of Bannergatta National Park. Banner Gotta is located

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Speaker 1: in the Karnataka region of India, about one hundred kilometers

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Speaker 1: from Bangalore. The park itself is one hundred square miles

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Speaker 1: in size. Adult sloth bears range anywhere from one hundred

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Speaker 1: and twenty to three twenty pounds in size and are

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Speaker 1: theorized to be a missing link type of bear that

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Speaker 1: evolved to their current form in the place to scene,

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Speaker 1: which means this critter hit its stride anywhere from two

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Speaker 1: and a half million years ago to twelve thousand years

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Speaker 1: ago and maybe an offshoot of the modern brown bear.

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Speaker 1: The sloth bear gets its secondary name labyan bear due

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Speaker 1: to its longer than usual lips, its primary name from

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Speaker 1: its slow shuffling walk. The sloth bear has long claws

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Speaker 1: specialized to tear open termite mounds, but these long claws

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Speaker 1: make them poor climbers, which may be the root of

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Speaker 1: this surprisingly non sloth like fact. Sloth bear attacks on

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Speaker 1: the ever encroaching human populations are very common. In fact,

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Speaker 1: sloth bear attacks in India count for more attacks than

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Speaker 1: the entire distribution of fearsome brown bears in the world.

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Speaker 1: If you consider the fact that humans hunted the sloth bears,

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Speaker 1: in some cases only for their vacuum or penis bone,

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Speaker 1: the attacks make a lot of sense. This week we've

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Speaker 1: got the Migratory Bird Act, really old dogs, and fashion.

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Speaker 1: But first I'm gonna tell you about my week. And

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Speaker 1: my week as well as This podcast is brought to

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Speaker 1: you by Steel Power Equipment, steel makers of the world's

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Speaker 1: finest gas and battery powered chainsaws. If you were like me,

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Speaker 1: and you are the strange kid on your block who

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Speaker 1: loves to get up at three thirty in the morning

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Speaker 1: and drive to some Turkey destination you've fantasized about all week,

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Speaker 1: don't forget to have that clean, quiet, no stinking steel

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Speaker 1: battery powered saw underneath the truck seat or heck, even

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Speaker 1: in your prius. Don't let a downed tree block you

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Speaker 1: from a good time. Cut that sucker out of there,

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Speaker 1: Go kill that wily old Thomas, then come back and

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Speaker 1: have a nice little fire. Go to steal usa dot

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Speaker 1: com and find a dealer near you Now, you've all

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Speaker 1: heard me talk about the ease of asso buco and

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Speaker 1: the fact that bear shanks, the four legs of bears

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Speaker 1: make the best also buco. Well, if you haven't that

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Speaker 1: is a fact. The tougher the leg the better the Bukoh. Well,

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Speaker 1: a lot of folks love turkey hunting, and quite a

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Speaker 1: few folks really love the meat. And then there's a

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Speaker 1: bunch of knuckleheads out there that think the legs are

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Speaker 1: too tough to deal with. Well, considering you could use

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Speaker 1: those legs as a hammer to tap intent steaks into

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Speaker 1: frozen ground, you're right about the toughness, but wrong in

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Speaker 1: the fact that the legs aren't worth dealing with. Also,

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Speaker 1: buko baby, cut that drum into disks. If you want

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Speaker 1: to do it fast, grab your steel lopping shears and

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Speaker 1: do three or four precise pieces. Brown them up on

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Speaker 1: both sides. Throw some veggies in the croc pot, maybe

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Speaker 1: a little lemon, thyme, rosemary, bay leaf, and for the birds.

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Speaker 1: I like white beans, which is not technically also buco,

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Speaker 1: but who cares. It's delicious. Let it go at a

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Speaker 1: nice simmer while you go make that tail fan or

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Speaker 1: angement or in necklace out of turkey spurs, you'll be

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Speaker 1: in hog Heaven Later. Moving on to the rules and

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Speaker 1: legislation desk, the Great State of New Mexico, the Land

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Speaker 1: of Enchantment, signed into law Senate Bill thirty two, which

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Speaker 1: makes it illegal to trap on public lands, and in

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Speaker 1: so doing made my heart hurt a little bit. You see,

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Speaker 1: I love the State of New Mexico, love the people,

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Speaker 1: and just like when you find out that your folks

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Speaker 1: make mistakes and don't actually know everything at some tender age,

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Speaker 1: I just didn't see it coming. New Mexico is about

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Speaker 1: fifty private land. On those lands, with permission, an enterprising

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Speaker 1: youth can still run a trap line across the three

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Speaker 1: strand barbed wire. On public land, one cannot. If you

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Speaker 1: are anti trapping, do you think animals on private land

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Speaker 1: want to live less than those on public That'd be

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Speaker 1: a tough case to make. They're about nine million acres

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Speaker 1: of national for US thirteen million acres of BLM in

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Speaker 1: the State of New Mexico. On these public lands, tribal members,

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Speaker 1: wildlife management agencies, and those conducting research are still able

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Speaker 1: to trap. State Bill thirty two was presented as a

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Speaker 1: bill that protected domestic dogs from the snares and leg

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Speaker 1: hold traps of the very few sloppy trappers who set

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Speaker 1: them too close to trails commonly used by hikers and

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Speaker 1: dog walkers. Do agencies, tribal members and researchers not make mistakes,

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Speaker 1: They not have dogs, do their traps not inflick trauma

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Speaker 1: on animals. Just as golf, you know, the game on

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Speaker 1: the fancy uh lawn with the sticks. Just like that

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Speaker 1: game can be a menacing sport if the golfer were

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Speaker 1: to decide to pivot ninety degrees on a t box

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Speaker 1: next to a highway and launch a titlist into oncoming traffic,

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Speaker 1: traps in the hand unds of the uncarring can lead

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Speaker 1: to a bad outcome. In the Gulf scenario, the misuse

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Speaker 1: of equipment would never lead to the banishment of the

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Speaker 1: activity from the entire state, or more accurately, only shut

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Speaker 1: it down on public courses. However, in the case of trapping,

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Speaker 1: a few bad actors irresponsibly using traps were used as

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Speaker 1: an example to condemn public land of trappers on more

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Speaker 1: than twenty two million acres. The reason I enjoy my

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Speaker 1: time in New Mexico when I'm tramping around is I

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Speaker 1: do not see hikers and dog walkers all over those

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Speaker 1: twenty two million acres of public land. Sure, I see

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Speaker 1: them where you would expect to see them, but there's

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Speaker 1: plenty of room to go around. It's a land of

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Speaker 1: many uses. This situation irks me primarily as I find

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Speaker 1: it dishonest. If you want to be anti trapping, just

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Speaker 1: be anti trapping. Make sure you don't dress in the

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Speaker 1: Southwestern style, though you'll have to give up a lot

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Speaker 1: of the door as some cowboy hats and belts and boots,

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Speaker 1: and you'll always have to ask before you put your

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Speaker 1: rump in that car seat, is this real or foe leather?

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Speaker 1: At least then you're being honest, and that's fine, But

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Speaker 1: don't make a case off of unleashed pets and the

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Speaker 1: tiniest minority of trappers. Secondarily, this irks me, as I've

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Speaker 1: said before on this podcast, this doesn't affect trappers on

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Speaker 1: private land, only public We lean a little bit closer

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Speaker 1: to the King's game model when we make legislation that

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Speaker 1: only hurts those on public land. Over the weekend, I

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Speaker 1: was hanging out with my old outfitting buddy, first outfitter

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Speaker 1: I ever worked for, and we were going through some

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Speaker 1: photo albums and he was holding up a bobcat as

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Speaker 1: a young man, he said, it used to burn my

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Speaker 1: old man's ass that I could go out just a

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Speaker 1: kid with some traps and earn more money than he did.

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Speaker 1: These are dirt poor folks out in eastern Colorado at

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Speaker 1: the time, Colorado as he likes call it. And there's

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Speaker 1: still plenty of those folks out there, and they're making

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Speaker 1: a living responsively off of a renewable resource. And this

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Speaker 1: can be done in a way that you know, you

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Speaker 1: can slap that catch all word humane on there if

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Speaker 1: you would like, a lot of this meat is going

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Speaker 1: in the crock pot at the family farm. Even just

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Speaker 1: chaps me a little. We can chalk that up to

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Speaker 1: opinion and a lesson. Never did I think this would

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Speaker 1: happen in New Mexico, but it did. Vermont, Oregon, Washington

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Speaker 1: all have had or do have similar bills. If you

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Speaker 1: were thinking this can happen here, looked old New Mexico.

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Speaker 1: Next up at the legislation or in this case, rules desk.

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Speaker 1: The Biden administration has announced that it will overturn a

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Speaker 1: Trump era exception to the Migratory Bird Treaty Act a

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Speaker 1: foundational nine law protecting threatened birds from hunting and other

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Speaker 1: human activity. The Trump Rule protected companies whose activities killed

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Speaker 1: listed birds as long as the killing was unintentional, which

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Speaker 1: really stuck it to all those businesses whose model is

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Speaker 1: to go out and hit ruby throated hummingbirds over the

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Speaker 1: heads with sticks. No. The main reason that the m

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Speaker 1: b T a Migratory Bird Treaty Act, is effective in

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Speaker 1: protecting birds from humans is by penalizing what is known

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Speaker 1: as incidental take, or the killing of birds, apart from

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Speaker 1: expressly hunting for them. If a company's power lines or

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Speaker 1: emissions or oil pits are killing birds, then that company

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Speaker 1: needs to try to mitigate the damage. Think of those

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Speaker 1: reflective spinning things you see on high tension lines. Wind

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Speaker 1: farms are notorious bird killers, particularly hard on golden eagles,

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Speaker 1: Swainson's hawks, kestrels, So oftentimes to mitigate that, the ground

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Speaker 1: around the turbines will be tilled or planted in a

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Speaker 1: fashion to reduced the attractiveness of the area to those species.

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Speaker 1: In short, we aren't talking about significant changes to business here.

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Speaker 1: Most responsible companies build this into their operations or work

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Speaker 1: hard with conservation organizations to do that, and so the

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Speaker 1: m b t A only penalizes companies that don't put

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Speaker 1: protective measures in place or show gross negligence that causes

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Speaker 1: significant bird deaths. For example, the BP oil spill way

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Speaker 1: back in two thousand ten. BP had been warned repeatedly

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Speaker 1: that its riggs needed maintenance, but ignored that information, and

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Speaker 1: then the explosion and resulting spill killed millions of birds.

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Speaker 1: But no one at BP was exactly sitting in a

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Speaker 1: conference room twisting his mustache and plotting how to kill

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Speaker 1: those birds. The damage was technically unintentional. If that spill

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Speaker 1: happened today, the company could have escaped without paying for

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Speaker 1: its impact. As it was. Because of the Migratory Bird

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Speaker 1: Treaty at BP paid over one hundred million dollars toward

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Speaker 1: bird habitat restoration, which led to significant bird recovery in

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Speaker 1: the Gulf. In short, this rule reversal is good news

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Speaker 1: out of d C whould have thought that was possible.

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Speaker 1: Moving on and continuing our multi episode coverage of snorts

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Speaker 1: ancient ancestors. If you don't remember snort, the star of

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Speaker 1: the Snort report is my little yellow lab. Researchers have

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Speaker 1: zeroed in on a single cave on the border of

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Speaker 1: present day Germany and Switzerland that seems to be a

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Speaker 1: ground zero for the original human domestication of wolves into dogs.

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Speaker 1: In a study published in the journal Scientific Reports, the

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Speaker 1: authors examined sixteen thousand year old evidence from the Gunner's

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Speaker 1: Hoholy Cave, using analysis from several different disciplines to understand

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Speaker 1: the canads who lived alongside humans there. The genetic analysis

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Speaker 1: of the animal remains revealed that these weren't fully wolves

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Speaker 1: or fully dogs, but rather a hybrid capturing the transition

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Speaker 1: of wolf into dog. In fact, and I'm quoting from

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Speaker 1: the study here, this DNA contained almost the entire breadth

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Speaker 1: of genetic diversity of all contemporary and ancient dogs and

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Speaker 1: most wolves. That means that even though the beginnings of

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Speaker 1: domestication started earlier as wolves began to follow human migrations,

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Speaker 1: this is likely one of the very few places that

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Speaker 1: intentional dog breeding by humans happened for the first time.

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Speaker 1: Makes you think, if modern dog is man's best friend,

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Speaker 1: would these ancient hybrids be considered man's best acquaintance or

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Speaker 1: man's best friend of friend mhm. The team also used

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Speaker 1: isotope analysis, meaning they broke down samples of bone and

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Speaker 1: other tissue to see what these canids have been eating,

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Speaker 1: and it turns out that they were assuming a lot

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Speaker 1: less protein than wild wolves at the time were Because

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Speaker 1: of the difference in diet between hybrids and their wolf

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Speaker 1: ear kin. The team concluded that humans must have been

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Speaker 1: feeding them as consistent partners, rather than incidentally leaving food

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Speaker 1: scraps behind, which is significant if you think about it.

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Speaker 1: That means resources dedicated resources to dog the very infancy

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Speaker 1: of spoiled dog culture. On one end of the spectrum,

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Speaker 1: dog follow human hope for scraps left behind. On the

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Speaker 1: other end of the spectrum, dog carried by human and

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Speaker 1: matching designer sweatsuit, and dog knows damned well it will

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Speaker 1: be fed, and that feeding will have nothing to do

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Speaker 1: with the level of contribution to the relationship. This is

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Speaker 1: Sebastian phineas he goes by Sebastian. He loves meeting other dogs.

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Speaker 1: He'll never barks a VCS people. That conclusion that ancient

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Speaker 1: humans were feeding early dogs a largely ply based, low

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Speaker 1: protein diet is a pretty fascinating conclusion as well, especially

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Speaker 1: in light of another study that came out recently suggesting

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Speaker 1: that ancient humans were eating much more meat and a

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Speaker 1: lot less vegetables than we do today. In that study,

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Speaker 1: a team from Tel Aviv University analyzed over four hundred

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Speaker 1: scientific papers to understand as many aspects of early human

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Speaker 1: diet and food gathering as possible. Among many other signs

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Speaker 1: of a diet high end animal protein, they cite the

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Speaker 1: fact that humans developed stomach acid, something that only predators do,

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Speaker 1: as the acid helps kill potentially toxic meat borne bacteria.

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Speaker 1: For those of you who suffer from acid reflux, you've

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Speaker 1: got adventurous eaters in your past to think. According to

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Speaker 1: the paper, starting about forty years ago, humans began a

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Speaker 1: steady move away from so called hyper carnivory, and this

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Speaker 1: shift to eating more plants only intensified after the widespread

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Speaker 1: adoption of agriculture. So this p gression away from eating

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Speaker 1: almost entirely meat would seem to fit with the evidence

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Speaker 1: that by just sixteen thousand years ago, less meat was

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Speaker 1: being fed to man's prehistoric best friend. This could still

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Speaker 1: be seen as animal protein being harder to acquire, thus

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Speaker 1: higher value. A few scraps make it to the dogs

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Speaker 1: because they're valuable to humans. Now, I have had a

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Speaker 1: pretty long line of yellow labs. In my life, all

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Speaker 1: of them have seemed happy to consume apple cores, carrots, potatoes,

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Speaker 1: corn on the cob, and the stock itself. But my

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Speaker 1: observations say, the greener the non meat food, the less

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Speaker 1: appetizing for the dog, which is funny to think of

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Speaker 1: if you've ever watched your pampered dog try to devour

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Speaker 1: road kill or some other green meat. If you listen

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Speaker 1: to the Meat Eator podcast with the fantastic doctor David Meltzer,

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Speaker 1: you'll hear him say dogs were the first domesticated animal

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Speaker 1: on the planet, which is a fun thing to think about.

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Speaker 1: If you ever find yourself on a hunt, laying on

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Speaker 1: the ground next to the fire with the dog next

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Speaker 1: to you staring off into the darkness, you aren't unique.

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Speaker 1: You're just repeating a trend that started some sixteen to

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Speaker 1: twenty thousand years ago. You poser moving on to the

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Speaker 1: muddying the Water's desk some interesting new findings on Walleye

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Speaker 1: and the Upper Midwest. We know that rising water temperatures

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Speaker 1: over the last few decades have spelled troubled for the

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Speaker 1: cold water species. Usually the warmer the water, the lower

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Speaker 1: their growth rates and reproductive success, But it turns out

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Speaker 1: that warmer temps might not be the only factor in

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Speaker 1: play here. A team of scientists at Penn State has

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Speaker 1: been examining the role of water turbidity in mitigating the

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Speaker 1: effects of higher temperatures on walleye. Turbidity is a lack

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Speaker 1: of alredy in water caused by sediment or other tiny

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Speaker 1: particles suspended in that water. Just to get a little

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Speaker 1: nerdier on this topic, you measure the turbidity of water

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Speaker 1: by beaming light through your sample and then recording how

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Speaker 1: much light hits a sensor positioned at a ninety degree

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Speaker 1: angle to the light source. In clear water, the light

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Speaker 1: shoots straight through, and cloudy water, the light hits the

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Speaker 1: little suspended particles and scatters in all directions, so more

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Speaker 1: light hits that sensor at the ninety degree angle. This

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Speaker 1: technique is called nephilemetry, and so the cloudiness of water

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Speaker 1: is measured in nephilometric turbidity units or into use. So

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Speaker 1: now you know that turns out that when a body

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Speaker 1: of water is more turbid, it's temperature can climb and

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Speaker 1: Walleye populations hold steady. When into use go down, meaning

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Speaker 1: the water gets clear heat has a more direct negative

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Speaker 1: effect on wallyye, so are warm water bad turbid warm

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Speaker 1: water not so bad. The Penn State scientists don't speculate

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Speaker 1: on why cloudy or warm water is easier on Walley

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Speaker 1: than clear warm water, but we do know a few

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Speaker 1: other effects of direct sunlight in warm clear water, such

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Speaker 1: as increased algae growth, which can consume oxygen. If you've

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Speaker 1: ever spear fished, you know that clear water can be

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Speaker 1: great for visibility but bad for getting within range of

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Speaker 1: a fish. We also know that in systems with invasive

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Speaker 1: zebra muscles, the plankton they eat clear as the water.

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Speaker 1: The absence of plankton isn't a big deal for mature fish,

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Speaker 1: but for fish in the earliest stages of life, it

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Speaker 1: is also what they eat. So when little fish have

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Speaker 1: nothing to eat, they don't last long enough to be

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Speaker 1: eaten by big fish, and big fish would have to

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Speaker 1: travel farther into low oxygen scenarios with up to algae growth,

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Speaker 1: meaning that that clear water sure looks pretty, but it

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Speaker 1: can be a sign that life in the ecosystem is

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Speaker 1: dying out and maybe I should have gone to Penn State.

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Speaker 1: It could be that when tempts rise. In the absence

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Speaker 1: of zebra muscles, plankton is more abundant, the water stays cloudier,

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Speaker 1: and the food sources wallet depend on are easier to find,

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Speaker 1: which offsets the heat stress. Again, I'm going beyond the

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Speaker 1: conclusions of the Penn State study, but one thing is

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Speaker 1: for sure. It is only in a lab that one

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Speaker 1: factor can be isolated as the cause of a particular phenomenon.

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Speaker 1: In the field, there are always dozens or hundreds or

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Speaker 1: millions of factors all coming together to create a certain situation.

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Speaker 1: Moving on to the blue steel desk, the fashion industry

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Speaker 1: maybe writing to the rescue in solving the Burmese python

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Speaker 1: infestation in the Florida Everglades. The fashion designer l Barbado

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Speaker 1: recently unveiled the line of clothing and accessories made from

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Speaker 1: the skins of pythons that she and her father hunted

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Speaker 1: south of Miami, Barbados. Dad sounds like my kind of guy.

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Speaker 1: When he and a friend began to have success begging pythons,

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Speaker 1: he started skinning them and storing the hides without a

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Speaker 1: definite purpose in mind. According to the fashion blog Day's Digital,

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Speaker 1: he told his daughter, I'm not going to have Mother

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Speaker 1: Earth piste off at me for not honoring this snake's

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Speaker 1: life and using every single part of it. Barbados, a

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Speaker 1: designer who cut her teeth working on Kanye west Yeasy

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Speaker 1: line of clothing, started working with the snake hides, then

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Speaker 1: added more that she had hunted herself, and this spring

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Speaker 1: she came out with her hunting inspired collection, including a

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Speaker 1: piece based on the kind of gilly suit you might

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Speaker 1: wear while going after gobblers. Incidentally, this isn't the first

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Speaker 1: time that Kanye West related fashion and the hunting industry

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Speaker 1: of intersected. You may remember back in two thousand eighteen

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Speaker 1: when the company that owns Real Tree Camo sued West

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Speaker 1: for pirrating their copyrighted pattern for use on several items,

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Speaker 1: including a pair of thigh highest ailetto heeled boots. You

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Speaker 1: know I should dust off my pair of those boots.

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Speaker 1: I got a ton of compliments on them anyway. The

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Speaker 1: blog post refers to Barbados Python skin line as quote

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Speaker 1: utilitarian and although I will concede that her pieces may

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Speaker 1: serve you better in the field than this springs offerings

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Speaker 1: from Louis Baton or Balenciaga. I don't think there's a

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Speaker 1: threat to the traditional camo industry here. But if this

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Speaker 1: trend were to explode in popularity, maybe we would stand

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Speaker 1: a chance of bringing python numbers under control. After all,

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Speaker 1: as we've discussed before, entire species of shore birds like

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Speaker 1: egrets and spoonbills were almost wiped out in the eighteen

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Speaker 1: hundreds by plume hunters supplying feathers for the fancy hats

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Speaker 1: of the well to do. At the height of the industry,

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Speaker 1: plumes were worth more than gold. So if somehow we

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Speaker 1: could make python skin the must have accessory for anyone

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Speaker 1: who wants to wile the paparazzi at Cohn once quarantine

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Speaker 1: is lifted, maybe we could drive the price of snake

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Speaker 1: hides to the moon. Then ambitious market hunters would descend

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Speaker 1: on South Florida and solve the problem faster than the

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Speaker 1: Python Bowl or any State of Florida marketing attempt ever.

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Speaker 1: Will Kim Kardashian, if you're listening out there, and I

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Speaker 1: know you are, slide into the d m s and

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Speaker 1: let's make this happen. That's all I got for you

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Speaker 1: this week. Thanks so much for listening. If you're loving

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Speaker 1: what you're here, and be sure to tell a friend

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Speaker 1: about Col's we can review, but most importantly, right in

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Speaker 1: to a s k C A L. Let's ask Cal

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Speaker 1: at the meat Eater dot com and let me know

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Speaker 1: what's going on in your neck of the woods. Thanks again,

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Speaker 1: and I'll hockey next week.