1 00:00:00,240 --> 00:00:02,880 Speaker 1: Brought to you by the Reinvented two thousand twelve Camray. 2 00:00:03,120 --> 00:00:07,480 Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to Stuff You Should Know 3 00:00:08,080 --> 00:00:16,400 Speaker 1: from House Stuff Works dot Com. Hey, and welcome to 4 00:00:16,480 --> 00:00:20,239 Speaker 1: the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles W. Bryant. This 5 00:00:20,440 --> 00:00:23,040 Speaker 1: Stuff you Should Know? Oh and hey Jerry, Sorry, Jerry. 6 00:00:23,800 --> 00:00:28,920 Speaker 1: Jerry is the unsung hero heroin Yes, a little horse 7 00:00:28,960 --> 00:00:32,680 Speaker 1: for a little monkey? Why it's an old Mr Science 8 00:00:32,720 --> 00:00:36,200 Speaker 1: Theater three thousand long? Oh you through there? I thought 9 00:00:36,240 --> 00:00:37,640 Speaker 1: she had a little horse and a little monkey or 10 00:00:37,680 --> 00:00:40,199 Speaker 1: something under her. Wo be like, Jerry, what do you 11 00:00:40,240 --> 00:00:41,560 Speaker 1: tell me? A little horse and a little bit a 12 00:00:41,600 --> 00:00:46,639 Speaker 1: pony and a macaque with her? So? Uh yeah, that's 13 00:00:46,640 --> 00:00:49,800 Speaker 1: how we're starting this one. Why not? Okay, all right, Chuck, 14 00:00:49,920 --> 00:00:53,240 Speaker 1: I have a pretty decent intro this time. Well let's 15 00:00:53,280 --> 00:00:55,640 Speaker 1: hear it then. Have you ever heard of the lost 16 00:00:55,720 --> 00:00:59,600 Speaker 1: Colony of roan Oak? I have, but I would like 17 00:00:59,680 --> 00:01:02,440 Speaker 1: you too. You fill us in? Thank you. So back 18 00:01:02,480 --> 00:01:05,520 Speaker 1: in the I think seventeenth century the early seventeenth century, 19 00:01:05,760 --> 00:01:09,399 Speaker 1: Roanoke was one of the very first colonies, if not 20 00:01:09,480 --> 00:01:14,960 Speaker 1: the first American colony right um in what is now 21 00:01:15,040 --> 00:01:19,120 Speaker 1: North Carolina, Virginia, right, um. And it was thriving for 22 00:01:19,160 --> 00:01:20,880 Speaker 1: a little while. They had a nice little four and 23 00:01:20,920 --> 00:01:24,000 Speaker 1: they used to fight with the Native Americans and you know, 24 00:01:24,360 --> 00:01:29,560 Speaker 1: pretty normal early American colonial stuff. Right. So, like I said, 25 00:01:29,600 --> 00:01:32,240 Speaker 1: everything is going happily along. And then about two years 26 00:01:32,280 --> 00:01:37,400 Speaker 1: after the colony is established, an expedition bringing supplies comes 27 00:01:37,520 --> 00:01:42,160 Speaker 1: along and they find the thing totally abandoned, no sign 28 00:01:42,160 --> 00:01:45,160 Speaker 1: of life. I don't believe there is any dead bodies 29 00:01:46,040 --> 00:01:53,200 Speaker 1: or bones, um. And the only trace of anything was 30 00:01:53,320 --> 00:01:57,360 Speaker 1: the word crow a town carved into one of the 31 00:01:57,440 --> 00:02:00,280 Speaker 1: posts that made up the fort. You're kidding, And I 32 00:02:00,320 --> 00:02:02,720 Speaker 1: think there were some There was there was a local 33 00:02:02,960 --> 00:02:06,960 Speaker 1: tribe called the crow Towan, but they were nowhere to 34 00:02:06,960 --> 00:02:10,560 Speaker 1: be found. Isn't it very creepy? This whole colony law 35 00:02:10,760 --> 00:02:13,520 Speaker 1: just vanished. I thought you can say wolverines was spray 36 00:02:13,560 --> 00:02:16,880 Speaker 1: painted on the front of it. But the they think 37 00:02:16,960 --> 00:02:20,280 Speaker 1: now that they may have been absorbed by another tribe, 38 00:02:20,360 --> 00:02:25,840 Speaker 1: the Lumbi, which actually um were completely alien to whites 39 00:02:26,760 --> 00:02:31,400 Speaker 1: until I think the early eighteenth century, very late, like 40 00:02:31,800 --> 00:02:36,679 Speaker 1: several decades after the colony at Roanoke vanish, right, um. 41 00:02:36,720 --> 00:02:39,960 Speaker 1: And when the Whites didn't counter and they said Hey, um, 42 00:02:40,040 --> 00:02:42,080 Speaker 1: why does some of you look kind of white? And 43 00:02:42,120 --> 00:02:44,520 Speaker 1: why are you building two story thatch houses like we 44 00:02:44,560 --> 00:02:47,400 Speaker 1: have in England? Right? You know, how do you know 45 00:02:47,440 --> 00:02:52,760 Speaker 1: how to read the Bible? Right? Um? With this ball? Exactly? 46 00:02:53,080 --> 00:02:55,600 Speaker 1: They think so they think that the Lumbie tribe absorbed 47 00:02:55,600 --> 00:02:59,160 Speaker 1: the colonists at Rohanu. Wow, but that is among the 48 00:02:59,320 --> 00:03:05,000 Speaker 1: very few lost colonies of human history. I'll tell you 49 00:03:05,040 --> 00:03:10,400 Speaker 1: another species that has tons of lost colonies. Bees, dude, 50 00:03:11,160 --> 00:03:16,600 Speaker 1: best set up ever? Really, yeah, of course, really really good. Yes, Josh, 51 00:03:16,639 --> 00:03:19,280 Speaker 1: we are here today to talk about colony collapse disorder 52 00:03:19,800 --> 00:03:23,560 Speaker 1: because bees are disappearing at an alarming rate, much like 53 00:03:24,520 --> 00:03:27,440 Speaker 1: the people of the rowan Oute colony. Right, and Chuck, 54 00:03:27,639 --> 00:03:30,079 Speaker 1: I think that probably most of the people who listen 55 00:03:30,160 --> 00:03:33,880 Speaker 1: to our podcast said, why do I care that bees 56 00:03:33,919 --> 00:03:36,480 Speaker 1: are disappearing? I hate bees? They sting me and they 57 00:03:36,520 --> 00:03:39,760 Speaker 1: they chase me in my dreams. You know, you know 58 00:03:39,800 --> 00:03:42,520 Speaker 1: why I do? Why you want me to tell them? 59 00:03:42,560 --> 00:03:46,720 Speaker 1: Because bees are vital to almost any kind of vegetation 60 00:03:46,760 --> 00:03:49,160 Speaker 1: you can eat. And not only that. Let's say you're like, 61 00:03:49,440 --> 00:03:54,120 Speaker 1: I don't need vegetables I eat and meat? Did you know? Here? 62 00:03:54,200 --> 00:03:55,760 Speaker 1: Let me let me give you a little scenario that 63 00:03:55,800 --> 00:03:59,720 Speaker 1: was posed in this article take the almond population. Let's 64 00:03:59,760 --> 00:04:01,880 Speaker 1: for example, my new favorite nut, as you know, is 65 00:04:01,880 --> 00:04:06,440 Speaker 1: the almond chucks. Crazy about all they're so good for you. Um. 66 00:04:06,640 --> 00:04:10,400 Speaker 1: Beekeepers basically go to California every year with about forty 67 00:04:10,440 --> 00:04:16,320 Speaker 1: billion honey bees too, uh, pollinate the almond crop every February. 68 00:04:16,520 --> 00:04:21,040 Speaker 1: Every February, and over those few weeks of the world's 69 00:04:21,080 --> 00:04:24,560 Speaker 1: almond crop is pollinated and about a billion dollars in 70 00:04:24,640 --> 00:04:28,040 Speaker 1: exports are generated. So you might think, okay, well, I 71 00:04:28,040 --> 00:04:32,200 Speaker 1: don't eat almonds either, tough guy. Those almonds the almond 72 00:04:32,240 --> 00:04:34,720 Speaker 1: holes are sold as cattle feed. Part of the cattle feed. 73 00:04:35,120 --> 00:04:38,760 Speaker 1: They're also crushed as shells for bedding for livestock, and 74 00:04:39,000 --> 00:04:41,960 Speaker 1: the dust, almond dust is collected as an additive to 75 00:04:42,000 --> 00:04:47,320 Speaker 1: the top soil, so that hamburger has almond juice running 76 00:04:47,360 --> 00:04:50,279 Speaker 1: through it, which has bee juice running through it. Yeah, 77 00:04:50,320 --> 00:04:53,279 Speaker 1: and that's just almonds. Yeah. I think a total of 78 00:04:53,360 --> 00:04:57,240 Speaker 1: fifteen billion dollars worth of agricultural products are pollinated by 79 00:04:57,240 --> 00:04:59,840 Speaker 1: commercial honey bees every year, every year, and we s 80 00:05:00,120 --> 00:05:03,839 Speaker 1: that bees are disappearing. Um, mostly it's honey bees that 81 00:05:03,920 --> 00:05:09,160 Speaker 1: are disappearing. Under the colony claps disorder, right, chuck, Yeah, specifically, 82 00:05:09,160 --> 00:05:11,839 Speaker 1: that's what we're worried about. So it is important obviously 83 00:05:12,200 --> 00:05:15,560 Speaker 1: honey bees are kept happy and healthy and um that 84 00:05:15,640 --> 00:05:18,920 Speaker 1: they not mysteriously vanished without a trace. Yeah, it's not 85 00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:23,200 Speaker 1: just about honey, folks. Let's although honey is delicious, it 86 00:05:23,320 --> 00:05:25,880 Speaker 1: is delicious and nutrition. Let's talk about what colony claps 87 00:05:25,880 --> 00:05:29,920 Speaker 1: disorder is, chuckers, Okay, uh, I think they. I think 88 00:05:30,040 --> 00:05:32,640 Speaker 1: Jessica Toothman said in this article that attrition rates in 89 00:05:32,680 --> 00:05:35,880 Speaker 1: a bee colony is normal because bees do have wings 90 00:05:35,880 --> 00:05:39,279 Speaker 1: and they will fly away, and about is an average 91 00:05:39,279 --> 00:05:41,000 Speaker 1: of what you're looking for. I think it's like an 92 00:05:41,040 --> 00:05:44,920 Speaker 1: average maximum average maxim because I mean, when you let 93 00:05:44,920 --> 00:05:46,960 Speaker 1: the bees out go pollinate, some are just gonna be like, 94 00:05:47,080 --> 00:05:49,839 Speaker 1: I like this colony or I think I'm going to 95 00:05:50,200 --> 00:05:53,640 Speaker 1: um go hit the road with Neil Cassidy or something. Right. 96 00:05:53,760 --> 00:05:57,080 Speaker 1: You know, they don't always come back, that's true. Uh, 97 00:05:57,120 --> 00:05:59,839 Speaker 1: And so starting as early as two thousand two, but 98 00:06:00,000 --> 00:06:02,960 Speaker 1: really in two thousand six is when it really really peaked, 99 00:06:03,360 --> 00:06:06,040 Speaker 1: or not peaked, but when it really showed its ugly face. 100 00:06:06,960 --> 00:06:10,400 Speaker 1: The bees started leaving and not coming back. At it, 101 00:06:10,640 --> 00:06:13,560 Speaker 1: and we suspect dying at a rate of anywhere from 102 00:06:13,600 --> 00:06:18,760 Speaker 1: thirty that's huge. And do you remember you said a 103 00:06:18,800 --> 00:06:23,839 Speaker 1: minute ago that every February about forty billion bees. That's 104 00:06:23,880 --> 00:06:26,960 Speaker 1: in just one million hives. So if of a hive 105 00:06:27,120 --> 00:06:30,320 Speaker 1: is dying off or it is a lot of bees, 106 00:06:30,480 --> 00:06:33,279 Speaker 1: the just one hive, which we should probably specify, is 107 00:06:33,920 --> 00:06:37,120 Speaker 1: virtually interchangeable with the word colony. Hi, haven't call any 108 00:06:37,120 --> 00:06:40,400 Speaker 1: same thing. Yeah, you know what's creepy? What is sometimes 109 00:06:40,440 --> 00:06:41,960 Speaker 1: when they when they come back and they see the 110 00:06:42,000 --> 00:06:44,640 Speaker 1: all the vs the bees are gone. Sometimes you'll just 111 00:06:44,640 --> 00:06:47,679 Speaker 1: see the queen and larvae and a few younger bees 112 00:06:47,720 --> 00:06:50,320 Speaker 1: and that's it. And they're like, where's everybody gone? And 113 00:06:50,440 --> 00:06:54,160 Speaker 1: maybe crow uh, what's over it again? Croat? Maybe crowatons 114 00:06:54,160 --> 00:06:57,760 Speaker 1: like scrawled into the bee hive in honey. Yeah. Um, 115 00:06:57,800 --> 00:07:00,760 Speaker 1: so yeah, that's colony cleps disorder most of the most 116 00:07:00,760 --> 00:07:03,320 Speaker 1: of the time, it's the workers are just gone vanished, 117 00:07:03,800 --> 00:07:08,320 Speaker 1: or at least of them, right, um. And what I 118 00:07:08,320 --> 00:07:12,440 Speaker 1: guess another kind of interesting and almost unsettling aspect is 119 00:07:12,480 --> 00:07:15,280 Speaker 1: that when a when a bee hive gets abandoned and 120 00:07:15,320 --> 00:07:17,080 Speaker 1: all its left is like the queen and some larvae 121 00:07:17,160 --> 00:07:22,160 Speaker 1: and and especially when there's tons of honey in it, moths, um, 122 00:07:22,360 --> 00:07:25,680 Speaker 1: other kinds of bees, wasps, any other insect with the 123 00:07:25,720 --> 00:07:30,520 Speaker 1: taste for sweet, sweet honey, beetle vades it immediately. Not 124 00:07:30,680 --> 00:07:35,400 Speaker 1: so with colonies that have been hit by colony collapse disorder. Yeah, 125 00:07:35,400 --> 00:07:37,680 Speaker 1: they wait a few days, right, Yeah they do. That's creepy. 126 00:07:37,800 --> 00:07:40,560 Speaker 1: It's real creepy. That'd be like leaving some steak out 127 00:07:40,640 --> 00:07:42,560 Speaker 1: in the hot sun in July and they're being like 128 00:07:42,640 --> 00:07:45,760 Speaker 1: no flies or animals buzzing around right until like the 129 00:07:45,760 --> 00:07:49,840 Speaker 1: following Thursday. That's really creepy. Yeah, and it definitely gives 130 00:07:49,840 --> 00:07:52,240 Speaker 1: you an idea that something serious is up, right, So 131 00:07:52,280 --> 00:07:57,800 Speaker 1: we have mystery, mystery, mystery, tons of bees dying or vanishing. Um. 132 00:07:57,880 --> 00:08:00,200 Speaker 1: And like you said, check, this really stepped up. Been 133 00:08:00,200 --> 00:08:02,880 Speaker 1: two thousand and six, seven and eight, right, and it's 134 00:08:02,880 --> 00:08:05,280 Speaker 1: still going on. From what I understand, this is not 135 00:08:05,400 --> 00:08:07,800 Speaker 1: the first time that this happened though, Yeah, you said 136 00:08:07,800 --> 00:08:10,720 Speaker 1: it was the worst case ever. Was when it's not 137 00:08:10,760 --> 00:08:12,640 Speaker 1: the worst. I think this is the worst case ever. 138 00:08:12,800 --> 00:08:17,400 Speaker 1: But before it's been pretty bad. Uh uh. In Pennsylvania, 139 00:08:17,920 --> 00:08:22,200 Speaker 1: um beekeepers reported fifty three percent of their hives just 140 00:08:22,320 --> 00:08:26,840 Speaker 1: knocked out. Spanish gone um or dead. Uh. We have 141 00:08:27,120 --> 00:08:32,400 Speaker 1: um mysterious bee hive abandonments uh dating back to the 142 00:08:32,440 --> 00:08:37,120 Speaker 1: eighteen eighties, the early twentieth century. Um. And in nineteen 143 00:08:37,160 --> 00:08:43,440 Speaker 1: oh three in Utah, Uh, two thousand colonies were mysteriously lost. Yeah, 144 00:08:43,559 --> 00:08:47,120 Speaker 1: just gone. So this isn't if you'll notice it's Utah, 145 00:08:47,240 --> 00:08:51,040 Speaker 1: Pennsylvania here or there. You know, with colony collapse disorder, 146 00:08:51,120 --> 00:08:55,439 Speaker 1: it's spread around. There's there's there's evidence of it in Australia, 147 00:08:55,480 --> 00:08:58,280 Speaker 1: in Europe, in the US. Yeah. Actually Australia said they've 148 00:08:58,320 --> 00:09:02,200 Speaker 1: been doing Okay, okay, well there's evidence of it in 149 00:09:02,640 --> 00:09:07,040 Speaker 1: not Australia, but the US I apologize. Australia did say 150 00:09:07,080 --> 00:09:09,320 Speaker 1: they had reported. But things seem to be back on 151 00:09:09,400 --> 00:09:12,600 Speaker 1: track in Australia, So you were right? Should I say 152 00:09:12,600 --> 00:09:15,160 Speaker 1: it again? Now you just smack me? All right? So 153 00:09:15,520 --> 00:09:18,920 Speaker 1: chuck the apiarists? You like that? Very nice? This is 154 00:09:18,960 --> 00:09:22,560 Speaker 1: another word for beekeeper are getting a little bit concerned. 155 00:09:22,559 --> 00:09:27,600 Speaker 1: It's widespread, the numbers are high. It's mysterious. What possibly 156 00:09:28,120 --> 00:09:31,360 Speaker 1: is going on here? Well they're not quite sure, Josh. 157 00:09:31,360 --> 00:09:33,800 Speaker 1: That's why it's a little distressing. I know this mystery 158 00:09:33,840 --> 00:09:36,760 Speaker 1: of the vanishing. They do have some ideas, and after 159 00:09:36,800 --> 00:09:40,520 Speaker 1: reading this article and a few other UH supplementary articles, 160 00:09:40,640 --> 00:09:43,319 Speaker 1: my belief is that it's a combination of factors. It's 161 00:09:43,320 --> 00:09:46,760 Speaker 1: probably not one thing. Yeah, And actually the U s 162 00:09:46,800 --> 00:09:50,760 Speaker 1: D A Steering committee on Colony collapse disorder, it's a mouthful. 163 00:09:51,520 --> 00:09:55,040 Speaker 1: They just released their first UM, I guess white paper 164 00:09:55,520 --> 00:09:59,040 Speaker 1: on colony collapse disorder this past July, and they concluded 165 00:09:59,080 --> 00:10:00,920 Speaker 1: the same thing. I real that there's a bunch of 166 00:10:01,000 --> 00:10:04,559 Speaker 1: different factors at work. UM. There were some ideas thrown out, 167 00:10:04,600 --> 00:10:08,120 Speaker 1: like some unknown organism or pathogen was acting them. They 168 00:10:08,160 --> 00:10:12,400 Speaker 1: said probably not. There's a study done in Germany UM 169 00:10:12,440 --> 00:10:15,720 Speaker 1: as to whether or not cell phone and cell phone 170 00:10:15,760 --> 00:10:19,080 Speaker 1: towers were putting off radiation that was screwing with the 171 00:10:19,120 --> 00:10:22,560 Speaker 1: bees homing abilities and this. Uh. These Germans did that 172 00:10:22,600 --> 00:10:26,320 Speaker 1: study and they said no, not happening. And apparently the 173 00:10:26,600 --> 00:10:29,320 Speaker 1: opposite was picked up by the news cycle to the 174 00:10:29,320 --> 00:10:32,160 Speaker 1: point where the guy who conducted the study wrote the 175 00:10:32,240 --> 00:10:36,320 Speaker 1: A p. A letter saying we found no link between 176 00:10:36,360 --> 00:10:39,480 Speaker 1: colony collapse disorder and cell phones. Anybody who says or 177 00:10:39,520 --> 00:10:41,840 Speaker 1: writes anything else is a liar. But they were linking 178 00:10:41,840 --> 00:10:47,560 Speaker 1: that and journalists were linking that. Journalists loved it. Link stuff. Yeah, 179 00:10:48,320 --> 00:10:52,280 Speaker 1: correlative not causative. Let's talk about a couple of these things, Josh, alright, 180 00:10:52,360 --> 00:10:56,640 Speaker 1: Let's talk about the Israeli acute paralysis virus. This seems 181 00:10:56,679 --> 00:10:59,520 Speaker 1: to be the most important factor. If there's several factors 182 00:10:59,520 --> 00:11:02,600 Speaker 1: involved in colony claps disorder, this seems like right at 183 00:11:02,640 --> 00:11:05,400 Speaker 1: the top. I would agree, Uh, just from reading about 184 00:11:05,440 --> 00:11:08,360 Speaker 1: it. It It is a virus discovered by Israeli scientists in 185 00:11:08,360 --> 00:11:12,439 Speaker 1: two thousand two, and it causes trembling, paralysis and death 186 00:11:12,520 --> 00:11:15,040 Speaker 1: and bees, which is it just makes me really sad 187 00:11:15,080 --> 00:11:18,400 Speaker 1: to think about a trembling paralyzed and then dying. Be 188 00:11:19,080 --> 00:11:22,760 Speaker 1: What's cool, um, is that they these researchers in the 189 00:11:22,880 --> 00:11:27,080 Speaker 1: study in two thousand seven, UM, I guess introduced I 190 00:11:27,240 --> 00:11:30,240 Speaker 1: A p V into some hives and then kept some 191 00:11:30,320 --> 00:11:33,280 Speaker 1: other ones separate, um, so that they wouldn't become infective. 192 00:11:33,280 --> 00:11:36,440 Speaker 1: Because honey bees are very social and they frequently interact 193 00:11:36,480 --> 00:11:40,520 Speaker 1: with bees from other colonies. Um. But they infected them 194 00:11:40,520 --> 00:11:43,839 Speaker 1: in this greenhouse, creepy, and then as the bees were dying, 195 00:11:43,960 --> 00:11:47,760 Speaker 1: the researchers noted that the healthy bees were dragging the 196 00:11:47,840 --> 00:11:50,880 Speaker 1: dead ones to the outskirts of the greenhouse as far 197 00:11:50,920 --> 00:11:54,720 Speaker 1: away from the high as they could, quarantining these dead bees. 198 00:11:55,679 --> 00:11:57,719 Speaker 1: It is that seems to me to be a real 199 00:11:57,840 --> 00:12:01,199 Speaker 1: red flag here. You know what else that when they 200 00:12:01,440 --> 00:12:04,679 Speaker 1: um studied some there was another study in two thousand 201 00:12:04,720 --> 00:12:10,560 Speaker 1: and seven that looked at already infected um colony collapse 202 00:12:10,600 --> 00:12:14,400 Speaker 1: disorder hives and then non CCD hives, and they found 203 00:12:14,400 --> 00:12:17,480 Speaker 1: that in nineties six point one percent of the infected 204 00:12:17,559 --> 00:12:21,120 Speaker 1: hives I A p V was present, but it wasn't 205 00:12:21,160 --> 00:12:23,680 Speaker 1: in any of the non c c D hives. So 206 00:12:23,880 --> 00:12:26,640 Speaker 1: it's definitely a huge factor that seems like it, but 207 00:12:26,720 --> 00:12:29,080 Speaker 1: not case closed because there are some other factors that 208 00:12:29,120 --> 00:12:33,320 Speaker 1: may weigh in as well. Pesticides is a big one, specifically, 209 00:12:33,400 --> 00:12:38,439 Speaker 1: Chuck the neo nicotinoid. Nice people knew that. It took 210 00:12:38,440 --> 00:12:41,720 Speaker 1: twenty minutes for us to spit that out, they laugh. Uh, 211 00:12:41,760 --> 00:12:44,400 Speaker 1: they are neurotoxins, Josh. And they are pesticides and they're 212 00:12:44,440 --> 00:12:50,760 Speaker 1: used to protect crops against pests, which honey bees as well. Yeah, 213 00:12:50,880 --> 00:12:54,439 Speaker 1: and um, I think the Germans, once again, the beekeepers 214 00:12:54,440 --> 00:12:58,880 Speaker 1: in Germany are blaming this for massive die off rates, right, 215 00:12:59,400 --> 00:13:01,400 Speaker 1: the same Germans who said that the cell phones had 216 00:13:01,440 --> 00:13:03,240 Speaker 1: nothing to do with it, so much so that some 217 00:13:03,320 --> 00:13:07,960 Speaker 1: countries are starting to ban this type of pesticide um 218 00:13:08,000 --> 00:13:11,199 Speaker 1: even though I don't think there's been any causal link established, 219 00:13:11,200 --> 00:13:14,679 Speaker 1: it's the correlations enough that, right, you know, do you 220 00:13:14,679 --> 00:13:19,080 Speaker 1: want to hear the saddest factor? For me? It's sad, 221 00:13:19,120 --> 00:13:21,720 Speaker 1: But at the same time, I imagined some be in 222 00:13:21,800 --> 00:13:25,160 Speaker 1: like a crumpled fedor carrying a briefcase returning to the hive, 223 00:13:25,280 --> 00:13:27,720 Speaker 1: you know, Joe versus the b the bee hive. I 224 00:13:27,800 --> 00:13:30,400 Speaker 1: love that movie me too. Uh, stress, Josh, is what 225 00:13:30,440 --> 00:13:33,160 Speaker 1: we're talking about. And these poor little bees because of 226 00:13:34,080 --> 00:13:39,200 Speaker 1: beekeeper stretching out the pollination season, basically giving bees less 227 00:13:39,200 --> 00:13:41,760 Speaker 1: time to recuperate before carrying them around to another crop. 228 00:13:42,120 --> 00:13:45,839 Speaker 1: They're overworked and they're stressed out, and it could be, 229 00:13:45,920 --> 00:13:50,080 Speaker 1: you know, disrupting their immune systems and killing them off. Sad, sad, sad. 230 00:13:50,240 --> 00:13:52,520 Speaker 1: And then the last factor in the article that was 231 00:13:52,720 --> 00:13:56,400 Speaker 1: mentioned as impossible culprit was the verroa might what's the 232 00:13:56,440 --> 00:13:59,079 Speaker 1: deal with these suckers? They actually transmit I A p 233 00:13:59,280 --> 00:14:02,680 Speaker 1: V two okay, um bees, Well, there you have it. 234 00:14:02,679 --> 00:14:08,040 Speaker 1: Through little jerks, little jerky mites. So the like we said, 235 00:14:08,040 --> 00:14:12,400 Speaker 1: fifteen billion dollars worth of agricultural crops products in the 236 00:14:12,520 --> 00:14:15,439 Speaker 1: US alone. We're pollinated by commercial honey bees. So you 237 00:14:15,480 --> 00:14:17,560 Speaker 1: can imagine that the U. S. D A Is a 238 00:14:17,559 --> 00:14:21,720 Speaker 1: little worried about colony claps disorder. Right. Yeah, they're actually 239 00:14:21,720 --> 00:14:26,320 Speaker 1: looking to alternative methods of pollinating, like synthetic methods of 240 00:14:26,320 --> 00:14:29,600 Speaker 1: pollinating plants because of this, uh naked guys running through 241 00:14:29,640 --> 00:14:32,560 Speaker 1: the fields. That's one and the other bees are trying 242 00:14:32,600 --> 00:14:35,160 Speaker 1: to put other bees to work, Like which one was it, 243 00:14:35,200 --> 00:14:38,280 Speaker 1: the blue orchard bee? Yeah, they're seeing if that works. Uh, 244 00:14:38,320 --> 00:14:40,840 Speaker 1: And then of course they're also trying to do what 245 00:14:40,880 --> 00:14:43,680 Speaker 1: they can to take care of the honey bees and 246 00:14:43,760 --> 00:14:47,680 Speaker 1: restore their population. Um, but it's not just the U. S. 247 00:14:47,720 --> 00:14:52,240 Speaker 1: T A That has a hand in honey bee repopulation. No, no, no, 248 00:14:52,840 --> 00:14:55,760 Speaker 1: it's you and I too, Chuck, You and I and Hoggendoz. 249 00:14:56,520 --> 00:14:59,200 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, well, we're gonna give you some tips here 250 00:14:59,200 --> 00:15:01,520 Speaker 1: in a minute on what you can do as an individual. 251 00:15:01,560 --> 00:15:04,840 Speaker 1: But I did want to point out that Delicious Haggandas 252 00:15:04,920 --> 00:15:08,720 Speaker 1: ice Cream has has nearly fifty of their all natural 253 00:15:09,160 --> 00:15:12,440 Speaker 1: ice creams it sounds like I'm reading an ad because 254 00:15:12,480 --> 00:15:16,040 Speaker 1: it's from their website. Nearly fifty of them use honey 255 00:15:16,040 --> 00:15:19,400 Speaker 1: bees in some way, shape or form to get their 256 00:15:19,440 --> 00:15:22,040 Speaker 1: ultimate ingredient. So they've got a little deal going where 257 00:15:22,080 --> 00:15:25,440 Speaker 1: they ultimate ingredients. Well there's fifty of them. Okay, well 258 00:15:25,520 --> 00:15:28,920 Speaker 1: now sorry. Uh. They have created a special flavor called 259 00:15:29,000 --> 00:15:32,360 Speaker 1: Vanilla Honeybee and they call it a delicious tribute to 260 00:15:32,400 --> 00:15:35,200 Speaker 1: these essential creatures. And of course when you buy this 261 00:15:35,200 --> 00:15:38,080 Speaker 1: this kind or any of them that have the ingredients 262 00:15:38,080 --> 00:15:41,080 Speaker 1: that come from the honey bees help they donate some money. Cool, 263 00:15:41,120 --> 00:15:43,320 Speaker 1: which is pretty cool. And you can donate just straight 264 00:15:43,320 --> 00:15:49,120 Speaker 1: to a cause via the cause via the Hagganda site, 265 00:15:49,400 --> 00:15:51,880 Speaker 1: or you can be nice to your local apiarists and 266 00:15:51,960 --> 00:15:54,840 Speaker 1: maybe having a bad day and that could just help, right, sure, 267 00:15:54,960 --> 00:15:57,080 Speaker 1: that would help. UM. So we have we have some 268 00:15:57,120 --> 00:15:58,360 Speaker 1: tips for you, Josh, you want to go over some 269 00:15:58,400 --> 00:16:02,040 Speaker 1: of these. My favorite is um contact your member of 270 00:16:02,120 --> 00:16:07,400 Speaker 1: parliament and tell them to start funding bee research. For 271 00:16:07,440 --> 00:16:11,280 Speaker 1: you to contact your member of parliament throw their wig 272 00:16:11,320 --> 00:16:14,080 Speaker 1: at me the number one on the list of and 273 00:16:14,120 --> 00:16:16,000 Speaker 1: this is clearly England, but imagine you can do the 274 00:16:16,040 --> 00:16:18,360 Speaker 1: same things here. This has become a beekeeper. That's a 275 00:16:18,360 --> 00:16:21,200 Speaker 1: good one. Sure, cool job. The more hives the better, 276 00:16:21,360 --> 00:16:24,240 Speaker 1: unless they're infected, and then the opposite is true. Yeah. 277 00:16:24,280 --> 00:16:26,520 Speaker 1: Another thing you can do is protect swarms. If you 278 00:16:26,560 --> 00:16:29,960 Speaker 1: see a swarm of honey bees, don't go out there 279 00:16:30,000 --> 00:16:33,520 Speaker 1: with the can of raid or your can of hairnet 280 00:16:33,520 --> 00:16:36,560 Speaker 1: and a lighter. Yeah, that's that's even the worse idea. 281 00:16:36,960 --> 00:16:41,040 Speaker 1: You You should contact um, a local authority, and supposedly 282 00:16:41,080 --> 00:16:43,040 Speaker 1: they will contact a beekeeper that will come and round 283 00:16:43,080 --> 00:16:45,120 Speaker 1: them up. You want to make sure that they're going 284 00:16:45,160 --> 00:16:47,880 Speaker 1: to contact the beekeeper. Actually there's people who do swarm 285 00:16:47,880 --> 00:16:50,520 Speaker 1: removals and just kill all the bees. Yeah, you want 286 00:16:50,520 --> 00:16:52,240 Speaker 1: to make sure that they're going to be taken to 287 00:16:52,320 --> 00:16:55,360 Speaker 1: a hive by a beekeeper and then the guy comes 288 00:16:55,360 --> 00:16:57,680 Speaker 1: out with this can of raid and the lighter some 289 00:16:58,080 --> 00:17:01,680 Speaker 1: local redneck. Uh. Plant your garden with bee friendly plants. 290 00:17:01,680 --> 00:17:03,720 Speaker 1: This is the biggest one that you can actually make 291 00:17:03,720 --> 00:17:07,600 Speaker 1: an impact here at home. So we're talking single flowering 292 00:17:07,640 --> 00:17:12,240 Speaker 1: plants and vegetables, and they recommend the Aliam family meant 293 00:17:12,800 --> 00:17:16,359 Speaker 1: beans except for French beans, and flowering herbs and bees 294 00:17:16,440 --> 00:17:19,640 Speaker 1: especially like daisy shape flowers, so sunflowers, sunflowers, are big, 295 00:17:19,680 --> 00:17:22,440 Speaker 1: are really big for helping to uh, helping the honey 296 00:17:22,440 --> 00:17:23,960 Speaker 1: bees out. And if you have your hands in your 297 00:17:23,960 --> 00:17:26,600 Speaker 1: pockets right now and you're feeling nothing but lint, and 298 00:17:26,600 --> 00:17:29,119 Speaker 1: you're like, I really love to help the bees, but 299 00:17:29,200 --> 00:17:32,280 Speaker 1: I can't afford any sunflower seeds. Man, I'm not like rich. 300 00:17:33,119 --> 00:17:37,240 Speaker 1: You can actually contact a group called the Great Sunflower 301 00:17:37,320 --> 00:17:40,560 Speaker 1: Project and they'll send you some seeds. Uh. In return, 302 00:17:40,600 --> 00:17:43,639 Speaker 1: all they ask is that you spend h thirty minutes 303 00:17:43,720 --> 00:17:46,840 Speaker 1: twice a month. If you can't swing that, then you 304 00:17:47,080 --> 00:17:50,320 Speaker 1: need to take stock of your life, um thirty minutes 305 00:17:50,359 --> 00:17:53,639 Speaker 1: twice a month in the garden. Uh, noting arrival times, 306 00:17:53,680 --> 00:17:56,840 Speaker 1: departure times, and uh whether or not you even see 307 00:17:56,840 --> 00:18:01,680 Speaker 1: any bees on your sunflowers and sending sending in the information. Yeah, exactly, 308 00:18:01,680 --> 00:18:03,560 Speaker 1: because if you don't see any bees, that's really important 309 00:18:03,600 --> 00:18:06,240 Speaker 1: to tell them as well. Right. And don't use pesticides 310 00:18:06,280 --> 00:18:08,560 Speaker 1: mid date chuck. Oh is that a big one. Yeah, Well, 311 00:18:08,600 --> 00:18:10,800 Speaker 1: that's when bees are most likely to be out foraging. 312 00:18:10,880 --> 00:18:13,480 Speaker 1: So if you're gonna spray any kind of pesticide, don't 313 00:18:13,560 --> 00:18:15,639 Speaker 1: do it in the middle of the day. It's bad news. Right. 314 00:18:15,640 --> 00:18:19,840 Speaker 1: They also say, if you're going to use pesticides or 315 00:18:20,080 --> 00:18:25,200 Speaker 1: pest control to use insects specific pesticides, So don't buy 316 00:18:25,440 --> 00:18:29,600 Speaker 1: kill all and don't buy kills honey bees. Yeah, exactly 317 00:18:30,359 --> 00:18:32,240 Speaker 1: a few other gardening tips for you. I know you're 318 00:18:32,280 --> 00:18:35,080 Speaker 1: quite the gardener. Uh. They say, if you have space 319 00:18:35,320 --> 00:18:37,720 Speaker 1: to use ten or more bee plants in a group, 320 00:18:38,119 --> 00:18:40,520 Speaker 1: you can group them together. That's a good thing. Sure 321 00:18:40,680 --> 00:18:43,199 Speaker 1: makes pollination easier. Sure, and if not, you know, do 322 00:18:43,240 --> 00:18:45,359 Speaker 1: what you can plan as many as you can. Uh. 323 00:18:45,440 --> 00:18:48,159 Speaker 1: They also require water when they're foraging in your garden, 324 00:18:48,280 --> 00:18:50,480 Speaker 1: so you know, put out a little bird bath and 325 00:18:50,480 --> 00:18:52,399 Speaker 1: if you don't have a bird bath, maybe just a 326 00:18:52,440 --> 00:18:54,760 Speaker 1: dish of water in your garden. I didn't know that, 327 00:18:54,760 --> 00:18:57,320 Speaker 1: did you. I did not. It's a good one. And 328 00:18:57,400 --> 00:19:00,320 Speaker 1: they also um burrow in the ground, so they say 329 00:19:00,320 --> 00:19:03,399 Speaker 1: not to completely mulch your entire garden, to leave some 330 00:19:03,480 --> 00:19:06,240 Speaker 1: bare areas maybe where you don't see it, or maybe 331 00:19:06,240 --> 00:19:08,080 Speaker 1: put a little mound of sand and the bees can 332 00:19:08,359 --> 00:19:11,680 Speaker 1: home down in there. So another little tip you can use. 333 00:19:12,320 --> 00:19:15,679 Speaker 1: And native plants are always good if you're a gardener, 334 00:19:15,720 --> 00:19:18,760 Speaker 1: plant native plants to your state because bees eat them up. 335 00:19:19,400 --> 00:19:22,240 Speaker 1: And aside from gardening, you can also buy local honey. 336 00:19:22,880 --> 00:19:25,679 Speaker 1: You know. I used to know an apiarist and related 337 00:19:25,720 --> 00:19:28,439 Speaker 1: him once for the Henry County Times when I edited it, 338 00:19:28,560 --> 00:19:31,560 Speaker 1: and um, he sold local honey. I got stung by 339 00:19:31,600 --> 00:19:33,440 Speaker 1: a bee, by the way, while I was interviewing him, 340 00:19:33,560 --> 00:19:38,200 Speaker 1: really hurt man um and uh. Like three years later, 341 00:19:38,320 --> 00:19:41,320 Speaker 1: I was at someone's house, a friend's house, and they 342 00:19:41,400 --> 00:19:43,879 Speaker 1: just happen to have honey from this guy's farm. I 343 00:19:43,880 --> 00:19:47,879 Speaker 1: couldn't believe it. Yeah, if your city is like um, Atlanta, 344 00:19:47,920 --> 00:19:51,080 Speaker 1: then they're all manner of farmers markets. That story sounded 345 00:19:51,200 --> 00:19:53,520 Speaker 1: so much more interesting in my head before I spit 346 00:19:53,560 --> 00:19:55,920 Speaker 1: it out. I thought it was interesting. Things can't tell 347 00:19:55,920 --> 00:20:00,000 Speaker 1: by the way edges breeze right over. Uh. If at 348 00:20:00,080 --> 00:20:01,480 Speaker 1: as like your town, you probably have all kind of 349 00:20:01,480 --> 00:20:03,800 Speaker 1: farmers markets, local markets, and I guarantee you there will 350 00:20:03,840 --> 00:20:05,879 Speaker 1: be somebody with honey. It does. And they say, if 351 00:20:05,920 --> 00:20:10,520 Speaker 1: you're into um immunology, uh, and you believe that you 352 00:20:10,600 --> 00:20:15,640 Speaker 1: can immunize yourself from uh local allergies using honey, which 353 00:20:15,680 --> 00:20:18,040 Speaker 1: is yet to be proven, but it makes a lot 354 00:20:18,080 --> 00:20:21,360 Speaker 1: of sense. You want to buy honey that's um created 355 00:20:21,400 --> 00:20:24,919 Speaker 1: within fifteen miles of your your house and buying the 356 00:20:24,920 --> 00:20:27,280 Speaker 1: local is always a good idea all across the board. 357 00:20:27,440 --> 00:20:29,919 Speaker 1: And I got one more unless you have one more? No, 358 00:20:30,000 --> 00:20:31,800 Speaker 1: I'm done, okay, because I want to finish with this 359 00:20:31,880 --> 00:20:35,400 Speaker 1: and it's so good. Uh. Under the heading be friendly, 360 00:20:36,520 --> 00:20:39,399 Speaker 1: some tips on you know, if you have bees in 361 00:20:39,400 --> 00:20:42,679 Speaker 1: your area, don't swat them, don't flap your hands around. 362 00:20:43,160 --> 00:20:45,720 Speaker 1: Just stay calm and move slowly away into the shade, 363 00:20:45,880 --> 00:20:49,600 Speaker 1: they say, and bees will lose interest. They also don't 364 00:20:49,640 --> 00:20:53,000 Speaker 1: have as much interest if you smell like alcohol or leather, 365 00:20:54,080 --> 00:20:57,840 Speaker 1: and they regard regard dark clothing as a threat. So 366 00:20:58,760 --> 00:21:03,640 Speaker 1: put on some dark leather pants, get drunk, and hang 367 00:21:03,640 --> 00:21:06,560 Speaker 1: out in your garden. Apparently I will never get stung 368 00:21:06,600 --> 00:21:10,600 Speaker 1: by a being. Wow, I'd like to see that. If 369 00:21:10,600 --> 00:21:14,440 Speaker 1: you want to learn more about this mysterious colony collapse disorder, 370 00:21:14,480 --> 00:21:18,280 Speaker 1: you can read just k Toothman's fascinating article how colony 371 00:21:18,320 --> 00:21:21,840 Speaker 1: collapse disorder works. I imagine if you type in collapse 372 00:21:21,880 --> 00:21:25,760 Speaker 1: disorder or colony collapse or colony collapse disorder into the 373 00:21:25,760 --> 00:21:27,679 Speaker 1: handy search bar at how stuff work dot Com, it 374 00:21:27,720 --> 00:21:31,320 Speaker 1: will yield said article. Uh. In the meantime, let's do 375 00:21:31,400 --> 00:21:37,080 Speaker 1: some listener mail, Josh. These are two from two kids. 376 00:21:37,119 --> 00:21:39,760 Speaker 1: And you know, we like the kid emails because they're 377 00:21:39,760 --> 00:21:43,359 Speaker 1: always nice and super friendly and cute and not like 378 00:21:43,400 --> 00:21:46,720 Speaker 1: a cynical old rotten adults. So the first one is 379 00:21:46,720 --> 00:21:49,800 Speaker 1: from Betto, which I love. That name, Betto is what 380 00:21:49,920 --> 00:21:53,320 Speaker 1: is that Italian Portuguese? I would think it's Italian. Okay, 381 00:21:53,520 --> 00:21:56,719 Speaker 1: hey guys, my name is Betto pronounced b et Dash. Oh. 382 00:21:57,160 --> 00:22:01,840 Speaker 1: I know you're laughing, it's a laugh. I have listened 383 00:22:01,840 --> 00:22:03,960 Speaker 1: to every single one of your podcasts since the eighth grade, 384 00:22:04,000 --> 00:22:07,240 Speaker 1: and I am now a sophomore in high school. Now. 385 00:22:07,320 --> 00:22:10,400 Speaker 1: Doesn't that really put it in perspective? Yeah? I feel old. 386 00:22:10,400 --> 00:22:13,679 Speaker 1: All of a sudden people are actively We're seeing these 387 00:22:13,680 --> 00:22:16,280 Speaker 1: people grow up. This is it brings a tear to 388 00:22:16,359 --> 00:22:18,440 Speaker 1: my eye. You know, when we get a graduation imitation 389 00:22:18,520 --> 00:22:21,160 Speaker 1: from Sarah the eleven year old fan, then it's time 390 00:22:21,160 --> 00:22:24,120 Speaker 1: to hang it up, all right, he says. Beto says, 391 00:22:24,119 --> 00:22:25,760 Speaker 1: I have to wake up every morning at six am 392 00:22:25,800 --> 00:22:27,960 Speaker 1: to catch the bus at seven so I can go 393 00:22:28,000 --> 00:22:30,320 Speaker 1: to a school thirty minutes away from my house. It's 394 00:22:30,320 --> 00:22:33,399 Speaker 1: about an hour bus ride, that's how that works. And 395 00:22:33,440 --> 00:22:35,520 Speaker 1: all I can do is listen to my iPod every day, 396 00:22:35,520 --> 00:22:37,720 Speaker 1: I download two or more and prepare for my day, 397 00:22:38,040 --> 00:22:40,280 Speaker 1: and you have two. You two have become quite possibly 398 00:22:40,720 --> 00:22:44,159 Speaker 1: my two favorite heroes besides Matt Bellamy, who I had 399 00:22:44,160 --> 00:22:46,080 Speaker 1: to look that up. Who isn't He's the lead singer 400 00:22:46,080 --> 00:22:49,920 Speaker 1: of Muse. So where heroes along with this muse dude? 401 00:22:50,480 --> 00:22:52,720 Speaker 1: Because every morning I'm sitting on that crowded bus with 402 00:22:52,760 --> 00:22:54,360 Speaker 1: loud people and I can listen to you two talk 403 00:22:54,359 --> 00:22:57,720 Speaker 1: about a random subject, including ones that sound boring at first, 404 00:22:57,960 --> 00:22:59,639 Speaker 1: but thanks to you, I learned something and get a 405 00:22:59,640 --> 00:23:02,520 Speaker 1: few us along the way. You're the coolest guys I know, 406 00:23:03,560 --> 00:23:05,440 Speaker 1: kind of since I don't actually know you, he says, 407 00:23:06,000 --> 00:23:07,719 Speaker 1: and I hope that you guys never quit doing this. 408 00:23:07,840 --> 00:23:12,320 Speaker 1: Your number one fan for real? Betto, well, oh no, 409 00:23:12,480 --> 00:23:16,160 Speaker 1: he he follows. He follows up for you specifically. He says, Josh, 410 00:23:16,160 --> 00:23:18,040 Speaker 1: You're amazing and I have a man crush on you. 411 00:23:18,280 --> 00:23:21,240 Speaker 1: But I have a girlfriend, so you know, ha ha, 412 00:23:21,520 --> 00:23:25,159 Speaker 1: she doesn't know, that's what he says. Wow, I know, 413 00:23:26,280 --> 00:23:29,280 Speaker 1: did Betto just come onto me? I think? So? Alright? 414 00:23:30,280 --> 00:23:33,800 Speaker 1: Betto actually says he would be an all shock if 415 00:23:33,840 --> 00:23:35,960 Speaker 1: you read this on the air, but I doubt you will, 416 00:23:36,520 --> 00:23:39,159 Speaker 1: so I'm kind of I think Betto just used for 417 00:23:39,320 --> 00:23:43,080 Speaker 1: verse psychologist. So this Betto kid is sharp, just got 418 00:23:43,080 --> 00:23:45,720 Speaker 1: punked by a tenth grader. Al Right, here's another quickie 419 00:23:45,760 --> 00:23:50,440 Speaker 1: from Nick and Alfaretta. Nick is eight seventeen and Alfaretta, Georgia, 420 00:23:50,720 --> 00:23:52,840 Speaker 1: and he has written us before, but he had a 421 00:23:52,840 --> 00:23:57,200 Speaker 1: personal tie to Edward of Woodstock from the Mercenaries podcast. 422 00:23:58,200 --> 00:24:02,479 Speaker 1: He was his great great great et cetera grandfather. How 423 00:24:02,480 --> 00:24:04,960 Speaker 1: about that? Well pretty cool, huh. He says, I know 424 00:24:05,040 --> 00:24:07,840 Speaker 1: this because well that's what he put. He didn't know 425 00:24:07,840 --> 00:24:10,399 Speaker 1: how many greats it was. And he knows this because 426 00:24:10,400 --> 00:24:12,360 Speaker 1: they have a family tree and he was right near 427 00:24:12,400 --> 00:24:15,720 Speaker 1: the beginning of it. And after he was Edward of Woodstock, 428 00:24:15,800 --> 00:24:19,080 Speaker 1: he became Edward Prince of Wales. Oh yeah, and then 429 00:24:19,160 --> 00:24:21,240 Speaker 1: and that's what he says at least, and he goes 430 00:24:21,320 --> 00:24:24,720 Speaker 1: in details a little bit of Edward of Woodstocks life 431 00:24:25,280 --> 00:24:27,600 Speaker 1: and just says that thanks for mentioning, and he's related 432 00:24:27,640 --> 00:24:29,760 Speaker 1: to him. Very cool right here in Georgia, yeah, and 433 00:24:29,800 --> 00:24:31,679 Speaker 1: al Florida. It's right up the road, a piece, right 434 00:24:31,760 --> 00:24:34,320 Speaker 1: up the road. Well, thank you Betto and Nick. We 435 00:24:34,359 --> 00:24:36,320 Speaker 1: appreciate both of you guys for writing in, and we 436 00:24:36,400 --> 00:24:39,240 Speaker 1: love all of you who right in, and by love 437 00:24:39,280 --> 00:24:42,720 Speaker 1: I mean really appreciate and are fond of. If you 438 00:24:42,760 --> 00:24:45,400 Speaker 1: want us to love you, you can send us an 439 00:24:45,400 --> 00:24:54,320 Speaker 1: email to Stuff Podcasts at how stuff works dot com. 440 00:24:54,359 --> 00:24:56,800 Speaker 1: For more on this and thousands of other topics, is 441 00:24:56,800 --> 00:25:00,320 Speaker 1: that how stuff works dot com. Want more how stuff works, 442 00:25:00,560 --> 00:25:02,760 Speaker 1: check out our blogs on the House of works dot 443 00:25:02,760 --> 00:25:07,960 Speaker 1: com home page. Brought to you by the reinvented two 444 00:25:08,000 --> 00:25:10,479 Speaker 1: thousand twelve camera. It's ready, are you