WEBVTT - Ep. 469: Crime, Cutlery, and Just Say H2nO 0:00:10.200 --> 0:00:14.160 From Meat Eaters World News Headquarters in Bozeman, Montana. This 0:00:14.320 --> 0:00:19.080 is Cow's Week in Review with Ryan cow Calahan. Here's 0:00:19.160 --> 0:00:24.640 cal Scientists just can't stop giving drugs to fish lately. 0:00:24.680 --> 0:00:26.680 A couple weeks ago, we brought you the story of 0:00:26.840 --> 0:00:31.840 researchers dosing salmon with cocaine and observing them unsurprisingly going 0:00:31.920 --> 0:00:35.880 into beast mode. Beast mode, of course, being the technical 0:00:36.159 --> 0:00:39.760 scientific term for swimming faster and farther than other fish, 0:00:39.920 --> 0:00:42.519 as well as wearing blazers with the sleeves rolled up. 0:00:43.120 --> 0:00:45.519 This week, we learned of a group of much groovy 0:00:45.560 --> 0:00:49.720 er scientists who administered the active ingredient in psychedelic mushrooms 0:00:49.720 --> 0:00:54.520 to several mangrove rivolus, a fish species known for its aggression, 0:00:54.680 --> 0:00:57.440 to study the effects of the compound on social behavior. 0:00:58.000 --> 0:01:02.880 The makes a good test subject because it can reproduce asexually, 0:01:03.080 --> 0:01:06.479 resulting in multiple fish with the exact same genetics, which 0:01:06.480 --> 0:01:10.240 allows researchers to rule out gene variations as a cause 0:01:10.280 --> 0:01:15.120 of the experiment's outcome. Mangrove rivulus are also extremely cool 0:01:15.360 --> 0:01:17.640 because they can survive out of water for more than 0:01:17.680 --> 0:01:20.840 two months straight, breathing air through their skin while eating 0:01:20.840 --> 0:01:24.399 mosquitos and other flying insects. They travel across land by 0:01:24.400 --> 0:01:27.400 curling their front halves upward and then flapping their tails 0:01:27.440 --> 0:01:30.480 down backflipping several times the length of their own bodies. 0:01:30.840 --> 0:01:34.679 If you're confused by this, you know, watch somebody do 0:01:34.760 --> 0:01:37.920 the worm on the old YouTube. It's dance move that 0:01:38.000 --> 0:01:43.720 the kids used to do. Not surprisingly, the psilocybin really 0:01:43.880 --> 0:01:47.400 enhanced the fish's mellow, making them react more peacefully to 0:01:47.480 --> 0:01:50.880 other fish they interacted with. The rivulus are also listening 0:01:50.880 --> 0:01:53.080 to a lot of Jimi Hendrix and really getting into 0:01:53.280 --> 0:01:57.360 macrome these days. The scientists say the results show the therapeutic 0:01:57.320 --> 0:02:01.920 possibilities of psychedelic therapy for people. Which, sure, I'm not 0:02:01.960 --> 0:02:04.560 sure how similar the nervous systems of one inch long 0:02:04.640 --> 0:02:07.320 brackish water dwelling fish and a human being might be, 0:02:07.720 --> 0:02:09.640 but it seems like everyone could use a little bit 0:02:09.680 --> 0:02:13.640 of mental reset in twenty twenty six. Plus, listening to 0:02:13.680 --> 0:02:23.560 more Jimmy is always the right choice. This week we've 0:02:23.600 --> 0:02:27.480 got Conservation Landscape, the Crime Desk, Cutlery, and so much more. 0:02:27.520 --> 0:02:29.200 But first I'm going to tell you about my week 0:02:29.240 --> 0:02:33.800 and my week Well, she's been busy the baby boy 0:02:33.840 --> 0:02:37.360 is nearly fully baked. The last ultrasound is very human. 0:02:37.840 --> 0:02:40.400 Mama is doing great. And we've been eating turkey legs 0:02:40.400 --> 0:02:44.520 and wings. Now I put turkey legs and wings, and 0:02:44.560 --> 0:02:47.040 this is a very complicated recipe, So stay with me 0:02:47.520 --> 0:02:50.720 in the crock pot with water, skin on. That's it. 0:02:51.480 --> 0:02:54.680 Turn your crockpot on low for like eight hours or more. 0:02:55.040 --> 0:02:57.560 You can put it on high for six hours something 0:02:57.600 --> 0:03:00.640 like that. Typically I'll run two at a time so 0:03:00.680 --> 0:03:04.040 I can get everything in while I'm doing stock or 0:03:04.080 --> 0:03:06.799 just like processing in general. If I have some bits 0:03:06.840 --> 0:03:09.560 and pieces that I want to like make for pre 0:03:09.639 --> 0:03:12.079 made meals, which are making a lot of premade meals 0:03:12.120 --> 0:03:15.959 right now waiting on this kid to come. But yeah, 0:03:16.320 --> 0:03:19.880 you know that's right, all of you who just can't 0:03:20.040 --> 0:03:23.240 or won't imagine eating turkey legs and wings if you 0:03:23.240 --> 0:03:25.240 put them in a crock pot with the skin on 0:03:25.520 --> 0:03:28.600 and cover with water for eight hours or so, then 0:03:28.639 --> 0:03:35.640 shred the meat you have regular old turkey, but it's moist. 0:03:36.080 --> 0:03:39.040 I'll do this while I'm also making turkey stock. And 0:03:39.080 --> 0:03:42.360 if you want like a little little extra little trick, 0:03:43.000 --> 0:03:46.560 when your turkey stock gets nice and cool and all that, 0:03:46.760 --> 0:03:50.440 fat and oil comes up to the surface. You can 0:03:50.680 --> 0:03:54.960 dip a ladle in there gently, just breaking the surface tension, 0:03:55.400 --> 0:03:58.600 and all that fat will fill in the ladle. And 0:03:58.680 --> 0:04:01.280 you do this three four, five times, depending on how 0:04:01.280 --> 0:04:04.840 big your stock pot is, and dump that fat back 0:04:04.920 --> 0:04:09.120 into the shredded leg meat. Anybody who has ever worked 0:04:09.160 --> 0:04:12.280 with wild game understands that it can dry very quickly, 0:04:12.960 --> 0:04:17.200 and if you do this, it will just suck up 0:04:17.279 --> 0:04:19.839 all that moisture and fat. And I swear to God, 0:04:19.839 --> 0:04:21.560 you don't even need to put salt on this stuff. 0:04:21.560 --> 0:04:24.960 It is good. You can fry it for carnitas, you 0:04:25.000 --> 0:04:28.400 can make barbecue sandwiches, you can make a quick vegetable 0:04:28.440 --> 0:04:30.719 soup this summer out of the garden and drop in 0:04:30.800 --> 0:04:33.599 a frozen bag of this stuff. At the very end. 0:04:34.320 --> 0:04:37.080 The sky is the limit with this stuff. I put 0:04:37.080 --> 0:04:40.440 it in pint bags, vacuum seal it, and throw it 0:04:40.480 --> 0:04:46.040 in the freezer for later use enchiladas, burritos, you'd have 0:04:46.120 --> 0:04:50.560 a turkey salad, sandwich, whatever. But it is good. You're 0:04:50.560 --> 0:04:52.640 gonna be shocked at how much meat comes off of 0:04:52.640 --> 0:04:56.880 that stuff and how tasty it really is. And the 0:04:56.920 --> 0:04:58.760 reason I leave the skin on is because that's like 0:04:58.839 --> 0:05:01.279 there's a little bit of fat in there. It breaks 0:05:01.320 --> 0:05:04.960 down completely in the slow cooker and I'll just when 0:05:04.960 --> 0:05:08.400 I'm shredding it, lay all the meat out and kind 0:05:08.400 --> 0:05:11.479 of just rough chop it all into uniform pieces. You 0:05:11.480 --> 0:05:13.839 won't even know the fats in there. It's great, And 0:05:13.880 --> 0:05:16.000 if for some reason it's still like a little tough, 0:05:16.400 --> 0:05:18.560 you can just put that stuff in the pressure cooker 0:05:18.600 --> 0:05:22.440 for another eight hours. Doesn't cost you nothing, but what 0:05:22.560 --> 0:05:27.600 you will gain is the feeling of pride and responsibility, 0:05:27.839 --> 0:05:31.960 knowing that you have used every bit of your turkey. 0:05:32.640 --> 0:05:34.680 Once you start doing this stuff, it's going to be 0:05:34.720 --> 0:05:37.200 really hard to pass up those jakes on public land 0:05:37.200 --> 0:05:39.359 because you're just like, oh my gosh, this stuff is 0:05:39.400 --> 0:05:43.599 so valuable. Another piece of news on the backcountry hunters 0:05:43.600 --> 0:05:47.440 and anglers front, this is not something I take lightly. 0:05:48.160 --> 0:05:52.920 We have filed a lawsuit asking for declaratory judgment against 0:05:52.960 --> 0:05:56.200 the State Game Agency Montana, Fish, WILDLFE and Parks. The 0:05:56.240 --> 0:05:59.920 state has been increasing the language around accessing public land 0:06:00.040 --> 0:06:03.520 through corners or corner crossing over the last couple of years, 0:06:03.600 --> 0:06:07.800 which from a state perspective, has always been a gray area, 0:06:07.880 --> 0:06:10.920 and most typically the agency has recommended that hunters get 0:06:10.960 --> 0:06:15.559 adjacent landowner permission before walking from public land to public land, 0:06:16.120 --> 0:06:19.200 and in the case that a landowner would want to 0:06:19.240 --> 0:06:22.479 see that person ticketed, it would be referred to the 0:06:22.480 --> 0:06:27.520 county attorney's office, and throughout state history, that's essentially where 0:06:27.520 --> 0:06:31.440 it enns. Cases that actually go beyond that are thrown out. 0:06:31.800 --> 0:06:34.960 Most just do not go anywhere, and there's no ticket 0:06:35.640 --> 0:06:39.480 if you're truly corner crossing, which is walking from public 0:06:39.520 --> 0:06:43.360 land to public land without making contact to private land 0:06:43.360 --> 0:06:46.719 that is adjacent, which means you're not causing damage, you're 0:06:46.720 --> 0:06:50.880 not loitering or lingering on private property, there is no trespass, 0:06:51.600 --> 0:06:55.800 or it would be considered what is known as deminimus truspass, 0:06:56.120 --> 0:07:00.880 which is how we as a society function in every state. 0:07:01.600 --> 0:07:04.680 For instance, I live in a cookie cutter neighborhood. I 0:07:04.680 --> 0:07:06.520 have to take care of the sidewalk in front of 0:07:06.560 --> 0:07:09.280 the house and the little sliver of lawn beyond it 0:07:09.800 --> 0:07:13.400 which the public uses. Now, we are also a castle 0:07:13.480 --> 0:07:17.440 doctrine state, so if I feel threatened, I could theoretically 0:07:17.440 --> 0:07:21.240 shoot someone on my property. But if that person is 0:07:21.360 --> 0:07:24.920 on the sidewalk and we're to gesture over the lawn, 0:07:25.400 --> 0:07:29.960 thusly invading my airspace right. And private property law in 0:07:30.040 --> 0:07:33.920 this country comes from the Romans and the English right. 0:07:34.320 --> 0:07:37.960 It's called the heaven to Hell doctrine. Whereas my little 0:07:38.000 --> 0:07:40.280 sliver runs to the center of the earth and to 0:07:40.400 --> 0:07:43.360 the heavens, And if somebody were to felt threatened, I 0:07:43.360 --> 0:07:48.600 could shoot them right well, kinda, it is trustpass, but 0:07:48.840 --> 0:07:52.880 it is deminimous trustpass. And if you were to shoot 0:07:52.920 --> 0:07:56.440 that person, your butt would be in jail. That's also 0:07:56.480 --> 0:07:59.640 how like stream access laws work. This is not an 0:07:59.640 --> 0:08:04.360 agree just taking of private property rights doesn't inhibit a 0:08:04.480 --> 0:08:08.680 landowner in any way. Currently, there's about eight hundred and 0:08:08.680 --> 0:08:11.880 seventy one thousand acres of public ground in Montana, so 0:08:12.000 --> 0:08:16.360 called corner locked or corner accessible, and those acres. For 0:08:16.640 --> 0:08:19.600 everyone who has come to this state and said, holy cow, 0:08:19.880 --> 0:08:23.000 public lands are crowded during hunting season and at certain 0:08:23.040 --> 0:08:26.400 times and in certain areas, you are absolutely right. Those 0:08:26.480 --> 0:08:29.080 eight hundred and seventy one thousand acres are already in play. 0:08:29.520 --> 0:08:33.320 They're being used. So what happens if we allow the 0:08:33.360 --> 0:08:36.839 state to remove those acres from play? That's where we're 0:08:36.880 --> 0:08:40.160 at the value of a hunting season is so great 0:08:40.720 --> 0:08:45.800 we cannot allow opinion to remove access and the opportunity 0:08:45.800 --> 0:08:48.840 that goes with it. As I like to say, every 0:08:48.880 --> 0:08:52.440 season is some kids very first and an old dog's last. 0:08:53.080 --> 0:08:57.560 In other words, it's invaluable moving on for kind of 0:08:57.720 --> 0:09:01.480 a solemn situation. Over there in the Great La States, 0:09:02.400 --> 0:09:06.000 the end of the Michigan United Conservation Clubs called it 0:09:06.080 --> 0:09:09.560 quits after ninety years. Back in nineteen thirty seven, hunters 0:09:09.600 --> 0:09:11.959 and anglers from across the state joined together to speak 0:09:12.040 --> 0:09:15.440 with one voice on conservation issues, instead of focusing only 0:09:15.480 --> 0:09:19.200 on trout or deer or one particular watershed. They recognize 0:09:19.240 --> 0:09:22.559 the need to join all those interests together when advocating 0:09:22.600 --> 0:09:26.320 for or against certain game laws in lansing. A huge 0:09:26.320 --> 0:09:29.079 amount of wildlife policy happens in the States, and that's 0:09:29.120 --> 0:09:32.640 a critical level of power to advance agendas that benefit everyone. 0:09:33.080 --> 0:09:37.200 MUCC was extremely effective for decades, drawing funding both from 0:09:37.240 --> 0:09:41.880 individual members and from affiliate clubs. MUCC was instrumental in 0:09:41.920 --> 0:09:46.160 some of Michigan's signature environmental victories, including establishing the Michigan 0:09:46.240 --> 0:09:50.480 Natural Resources Trust Fund, which dedicates resources from oil, gas 0:09:50.520 --> 0:09:54.880 and mineral extraction to acquiring and maintaining publicly accessible land. 0:09:55.320 --> 0:09:58.080 Since nineteen eighty four, the fund has granted one point 0:09:58.160 --> 0:10:01.319 four billion dollars to state and local governments for land 0:10:01.360 --> 0:10:04.720 in every single county in the state. In large part 0:10:04.800 --> 0:10:07.920 because of mucc's work, Michigan is one of the best 0:10:07.960 --> 0:10:11.080 places in the nation to get outside, even though it 0:10:11.120 --> 0:10:13.520 has so many people. They were a key part of 0:10:13.520 --> 0:10:17.200 passing the nineteen seventy six Bottle Bill, establishing a ten 0:10:17.280 --> 0:10:20.600 cent deposit on bottles and cans. After just four years, 0:10:20.640 --> 0:10:23.040 a study showed that the law had reduced litter by 0:10:23.080 --> 0:10:26.800 forty percent and was saving fifteen thousand tons of aluminum 0:10:26.840 --> 0:10:30.880 and sixty five thousand tons of glass every year. MUCC 0:10:31.120 --> 0:10:35.200 was also an important educator, publishing magazines, holding instructional events, 0:10:35.280 --> 0:10:39.680 and running summer camps for kids, bringing younger generations into hunting, angling, 0:10:39.760 --> 0:10:43.319 and advocating for animal species in wild places. They also 0:10:43.480 --> 0:10:45.920 helped to educate me a whole bunch if you listen 0:10:46.000 --> 0:10:48.040 back to episode two sixty three, where they take me 0:10:48.040 --> 0:10:50.839 through all the issues involved with coyote hunting and scientific 0:10:50.880 --> 0:10:54.959 management in Michigan. Despite all these strengths, the organization ran 0:10:55.080 --> 0:10:58.679 into funding problems over the past several years and recognized 0:10:58.720 --> 0:11:01.800 that they couldn't keep the lights. But we need organizations 0:11:01.880 --> 0:11:05.320 like MUCC, and maybe there's some Michiganders out there who 0:11:05.440 --> 0:11:08.640 want to start something new that can speak for all hunters, 0:11:08.679 --> 0:11:10.880 anglers and trappers in the state and bring in new 0:11:10.880 --> 0:11:13.880 people who want to get involved. There's tons of great 0:11:13.960 --> 0:11:18.360 organizations that were a part of MUCC, Michigan Backhountry, Hunters 0:11:18.400 --> 0:11:21.400 and Anglers being one. There's some butt kickers on that crew. 0:11:21.840 --> 0:11:26.400 I'd strongly suggest you look into our organization there in Michigan. 0:11:27.000 --> 0:11:29.560 I know Professes Forever is very active in the state, 0:11:29.640 --> 0:11:32.400 as is DU. We've got to make sure good things 0:11:32.800 --> 0:11:37.760 fill the void that MUCC is leaving. Moving on to 0:11:37.840 --> 0:11:42.400 New Jersey, we're issuing another call to our New Jersey 0:11:42.400 --> 0:11:44.960 listeners to stay on top of an issue we've covered before. 0:11:45.280 --> 0:11:47.680 Two bills are working their way through the legislature that 0:11:47.679 --> 0:11:50.480 would change the makeup of the state's Fish and Game Council, 0:11:50.679 --> 0:11:53.360 requiring three of the seats on the council to be 0:11:53.440 --> 0:11:56.480 filled by animal rights activists. The council is the body 0:11:56.559 --> 0:11:59.400 overseeing the New Jersey Fishing Game Code to protect and 0:11:59.440 --> 0:12:02.120 develop on wildlife for hunting and fishing, and they help 0:12:02.200 --> 0:12:05.840 decide which animals and how many can be taken. Currently, 0:12:06.000 --> 0:12:09.040 the Council is made up of three farmer representatives, six 0:12:09.160 --> 0:12:12.360 hunting and angling representatives, the chair of the States Endangered 0:12:12.360 --> 0:12:15.760 in Non Game Species Advisory Committee, and one expert in 0:12:15.840 --> 0:12:20.400 land use in soil conservation issues. The proposed bills would 0:12:20.440 --> 0:12:22.720 keep the same number of total seats on the Council, 0:12:22.840 --> 0:12:25.280 but would replace three of the hunter angler seats with 0:12:25.360 --> 0:12:29.199 three members recommended by animal welfare organizations in New Jersey. 0:12:29.679 --> 0:12:32.160 These new bills are the same ones carried from last 0:12:32.240 --> 0:12:35.199 year and given new titles. We've seen what this kind 0:12:35.240 --> 0:12:37.800 of takeover can look like in Colorado, for example, when 0:12:37.840 --> 0:12:40.600 animal rights appointees on the Parks and Wildlife Commission recently 0:12:40.600 --> 0:12:43.600 approved the petition to outlaw for trapping there, not only 0:12:43.640 --> 0:12:47.319 would animal rights activists oppose all hunting policy in New Jersey, 0:12:47.520 --> 0:12:50.520 they're also focused specifically on the state's black bear hunt. 0:12:50.880 --> 0:12:54.040 The New Jersey bear season is currently authorized through twenty 0:12:54.120 --> 0:12:57.040 twenty seven, but the Fishing Game Council still has to 0:12:57.080 --> 0:13:00.319 reauthorize the hunt before the twenty twenty eight season can 0:13:00.360 --> 0:13:03.600 go ahead. If anti hunters can get onto the Council. 0:13:03.840 --> 0:13:06.320 They can simply delay the whole process until the hunt 0:13:06.360 --> 0:13:10.800 authorization expires on its own, which would be disastrous, especially 0:13:10.800 --> 0:13:13.800 for the bears of the Garden State. Nowhere else in 0:13:13.800 --> 0:13:16.880 the country has such dense populations of both bears and 0:13:16.960 --> 0:13:20.120 people lived right on top of each other. In parts 0:13:20.160 --> 0:13:22.360 of New Jersey, there are two point six bears per 0:13:22.400 --> 0:13:26.319 square mile. Most biologists agree that a stable carrying capacity 0:13:26.360 --> 0:13:29.680 for bears is only about one per square mile. Sure, 0:13:29.720 --> 0:13:32.680 a place like Klamath, California has more black bears than that, 0:13:32.720 --> 0:13:35.600 but New Jersey has almost forty times as many people 0:13:35.640 --> 0:13:38.520 per square mile. That means bears getting hit by cars 0:13:38.559 --> 0:13:42.080 and getting shot after eating from dumpsters and raiding convenience stores. 0:13:42.679 --> 0:13:45.160 So New Jersey listeners call your reps to vote these 0:13:45.160 --> 0:13:48.080 bills down in the state Assembly it's built two thousand 0:13:48.120 --> 0:13:50.040 and five and in the Senate it's built four to 0:13:50.040 --> 0:13:53.360 seventy one. And will repost these on the cal To 0:13:53.520 --> 0:13:56.960 action site. Public opinion has really shifted on this and 0:13:57.000 --> 0:13:59.160 more people in the Garden State are on board with 0:13:59.280 --> 0:14:02.000 the bear hunt, but it's never a sure thing, and 0:14:02.040 --> 0:14:05.720 the antis are working hard on this one. An important 0:14:05.800 --> 0:14:09.480 thing to remember when we're advocating on these issues, is 0:14:09.679 --> 0:14:12.320 you got to start from the from the beginning and 0:14:12.360 --> 0:14:16.080 give people the whole enchilada, the whole context, the whole 0:14:16.120 --> 0:14:20.560 Turkey leg enchilada. The reason being is there's been multiple 0:14:20.560 --> 0:14:24.920 studies out there, and the person who is adjacent to 0:14:25.040 --> 0:14:29.720 hunting but does not hunt, has a much lower understanding 0:14:30.320 --> 0:14:35.400 of how regulated hunting actually works in this country. So 0:14:35.600 --> 0:14:39.080 they don't know that there's biological surveys and there's an 0:14:39.240 --> 0:14:43.520 understanding of population health and density, whether it's on the 0:14:43.560 --> 0:14:46.920 growth or the decline, and then our tags are issued 0:14:47.000 --> 0:14:51.600 in accordance with those numbers. They furthermore don't understand that 0:14:51.840 --> 0:14:56.320 tags represent opportunity and they don't just represent a dead animal. 0:14:56.960 --> 0:14:59.840 So ask people where they're at, what their knowledge level 0:14:59.920 --> 0:15:03.480 is is. Don't call them stupid for not knowing. You know, 0:15:03.560 --> 0:15:07.040 I am adjacent to the game of golf. I know 0:15:07.120 --> 0:15:10.320 people who do it, I have done it on occasion. 0:15:10.800 --> 0:15:14.480 There are golf courses around here. I don't truly understand 0:15:14.520 --> 0:15:18.040 the rules and regulations of golf. Okay, just an example. 0:15:20.040 --> 0:15:25.480 Moving on to the cutlery desk, Chinese scientists have uncovered 0:15:25.480 --> 0:15:29.400 stone cutting tools that significantly revise our understanding of what 0:15:29.480 --> 0:15:33.640 our early human ancestors were capable of. The particular hominin 0:15:33.840 --> 0:15:38.000 in question here is Homo juliensis a species that existed 0:15:38.000 --> 0:15:41.000 from about three hundred thousand years ago to about fifty 0:15:41.040 --> 0:15:44.240 thousand years ago, primarily in Asia. This is the same 0:15:44.320 --> 0:15:48.760 approximate timeframe as Neanderthals, but scientists had until now assumed 0:15:48.800 --> 0:15:51.560 that life was much more basic for these relatives of ours, 0:15:51.880 --> 0:15:55.800 and that they hadn't developed sophisticated tool making. This is 0:15:55.840 --> 0:15:58.560 like a typical human thing where we always like to 0:15:58.680 --> 0:16:01.760 assume we are so much more advanced than anybody who 0:16:01.800 --> 0:16:06.360 came before us. Recent discoveries of napped cutting tools right 0:16:06.520 --> 0:16:09.080 napping is where you're whacking rocks against each other to 0:16:09.080 --> 0:16:12.360 get a shape and surface to perform the job that 0:16:12.400 --> 0:16:15.840 you want. Napped cutting tools seemed to disprove this theory, 0:16:15.880 --> 0:16:19.000 but unfortunately, you can't carbon date stone, and so scientists 0:16:19.000 --> 0:16:21.960 didn't know exactly when the tools had been made. However, 0:16:22.080 --> 0:16:24.400 there's more than one way to skin a cat or 0:16:24.440 --> 0:16:27.320 a Pleistocene cat to tell how old those tool is 0:16:27.600 --> 0:16:29.720 that may have been used for skin and cats. Alongside 0:16:29.720 --> 0:16:33.280 the cutting tools, archaeologists found butchered rib bones from an 0:16:33.360 --> 0:16:37.680 ungulate species. Inside those bones, calcite crystals had grown, and 0:16:37.760 --> 0:16:41.480 those crystals contain radioactive elements that degrade on a very 0:16:41.520 --> 0:16:46.359 precise schedule. By measuring the distinct isotopes remaining in those crystals, 0:16:46.520 --> 0:16:49.080 scientists were able to date the cuts in the bones 0:16:49.200 --> 0:16:52.120 back to one hundred and forty six thousand years ago. 0:16:52.240 --> 0:16:54.600 This was the middle of a severe ice age in 0:16:54.640 --> 0:16:58.000 what's now China, and so along with preparing food to eat, 0:16:58.240 --> 0:17:00.920 it's possible that these tools were used to make warm 0:17:00.960 --> 0:17:04.320 clothing out of animal skins even that far back in 0:17:04.359 --> 0:17:07.720 the place to scene, even for humans other than Homo sapiens, 0:17:08.119 --> 0:17:12.399 necessity was very much the mother of invention and still is. 0:17:13.640 --> 0:17:17.960 Moving on to the crime desk, we've been coming across 0:17:18.040 --> 0:17:20.760 quite a few mind numbing poaching cases in recent weeks. 0:17:21.119 --> 0:17:23.359 Here's a lineup of what wildlife crooks have been up 0:17:23.400 --> 0:17:27.560 to around the country. In Montana, Tennessee, resident Jerry tray 0:17:27.600 --> 0:17:30.280 true At the third received a lifetime hunting and fishing 0:17:30.320 --> 0:17:34.080 ban after multiple incidents of blatantly breaking wildlife laws in 0:17:34.119 --> 0:17:37.040 the Treasure State. He pled guilty to the obstruction of 0:17:37.200 --> 0:17:41.480 justice using someone else's hunting license poaching waterfowl, the unlawful 0:17:41.520 --> 0:17:44.520 possession of wildlife a turkey and a sand hill crane, 0:17:44.680 --> 0:17:47.440 poaching a cow, elk and a white tailed dough and more. 0:17:47.600 --> 0:17:50.199 Lifetime hunting and fishing bands are rare, but in this 0:17:50.280 --> 0:17:54.560 case it certainly seems well deserved. Not that old Jerry 0:17:54.600 --> 0:17:57.240 tray true at the third seems to give damn about 0:17:57.240 --> 0:18:01.240 having a license or not. Hopefully this is a deterrent. 0:18:03.200 --> 0:18:07.359 Sticking with waterfowl poaching, two endangered whooping cranes were illegally 0:18:07.400 --> 0:18:10.520 shot and killed by crawfish farmers in Louisiana. If you 0:18:10.560 --> 0:18:13.119 didn't know, Louisiana is the site of a serious whooping 0:18:13.160 --> 0:18:16.480 crane reintroduction effort, as the super cool birds are otherwise 0:18:16.480 --> 0:18:19.800 extremely rare in the wild. The recent incidents put a 0:18:19.880 --> 0:18:23.240 dent in that effort. However, Considering the poached cranes, which 0:18:23.280 --> 0:18:25.440 were born in the wild represent two and a half 0:18:25.480 --> 0:18:28.800 percent of the state's whooping crane population, which is around 0:18:28.800 --> 0:18:32.320 eighty birds in total, it's a really big deal. This 0:18:32.400 --> 0:18:37.479 is an ongoing thing in Louisiana. I dug into the 0:18:38.280 --> 0:18:41.520 let's call it the socio economics of this. The poaching 0:18:41.560 --> 0:18:46.399 takes place in like extremely extremely economically depressed areas to 0:18:46.480 --> 0:18:52.199 where there is a real idea of I don't know, 0:18:52.240 --> 0:18:57.480 admonition adversarial circumstances here, okay, where you have folks who 0:18:57.880 --> 0:19:01.560 are making a living picking crawfish and that whooping crane 0:19:01.880 --> 0:19:04.480 is out there picking crawfish that you could be selling, 0:19:04.840 --> 0:19:07.639 which is pretty trivial, I think it is, for sure. 0:19:08.400 --> 0:19:12.840 But it's also pretty widespread knowledge that that bird is 0:19:12.960 --> 0:19:16.919 getting millions of dollars pumped into it to try to 0:19:16.960 --> 0:19:20.199 make it prolific once again. And I think that just 0:19:20.359 --> 0:19:23.800 socially really rubs people the wrong way. What they're doing 0:19:23.920 --> 0:19:27.600 is not right, not justifiable in any way, shape or form. 0:19:28.160 --> 0:19:31.760 But it's always important to understand where people are coming from, 0:19:32.080 --> 0:19:33.640 no matter if you're on their side of the issue 0:19:33.760 --> 0:19:36.959 or not. What has been done in many, many places, 0:19:37.200 --> 0:19:39.960 because this story is not new. You can take the 0:19:40.040 --> 0:19:44.879 snow leopard or species like that in pov rister or 0:19:45.119 --> 0:19:48.680 hard living spots, and it's easy to see why somebody 0:19:48.720 --> 0:19:50.359 would poach them and try to sell their pelt or 0:19:50.440 --> 0:19:53.679 meat or whatever it is. The thing that has worked 0:19:54.040 --> 0:19:59.080 right is finding ways mechanisms to put money in the 0:19:59.080 --> 0:20:03.800 pockets the of people who are adversarial with this species, 0:20:04.359 --> 0:20:07.840 and that can be through tourism or providing information on 0:20:07.880 --> 0:20:10.720 how the species is doing. Little citizen science work, all 0:20:10.760 --> 0:20:13.840 sorts of things to inject a little bit of humor 0:20:13.920 --> 0:20:16.720 back in here. There's a great bar or used to 0:20:16.720 --> 0:20:19.280 be a got swept away by a hurricane. Yeah, I 0:20:19.320 --> 0:20:21.960 think it was the lazy flamingo or the lazy pelican. 0:20:22.520 --> 0:20:24.439 But it works here. For storks and cranes. You know 0:20:24.480 --> 0:20:27.000 how they like to stand on one foot, lazy one 0:20:27.040 --> 0:20:31.800 stand on two feet. The US Department of Justice announced 0:20:31.960 --> 0:20:35.080 charges for a Louisiana man who poached and sold over 0:20:35.160 --> 0:20:40.360 seventeen hundred loggerhead musk turtles, one hundred striped neck musk turtles, 0:20:40.520 --> 0:20:44.359 and fifteen striped mud turtles. The outlaw took the turtles 0:20:44.359 --> 0:20:47.080 from the wild in Florida and then quote aided and 0:20:47.160 --> 0:20:50.960 embedded a co conspirator who exported the turtles to Taiwan, 0:20:51.400 --> 0:20:55.080 falsely claiming they were captive bred to obtain export permits. 0:20:55.640 --> 0:20:57.840 In some the totals were estimated to be worth over 0:20:57.920 --> 0:21:00.720 half a million bucks in the Asian pet trade. The 0:21:00.760 --> 0:21:04.240 suspect was charged with violating the Lacy Act, which criminalizes 0:21:04.280 --> 0:21:07.600 the trade and sale of wildlife across state lines. He 0:21:07.720 --> 0:21:09.960 faces up to five years in jail and two hundred 0:21:09.960 --> 0:21:14.280 and fifty thousand dollars in fines for each charge. For 0:21:14.359 --> 0:21:18.760 those who question whether the Lacy Act is valid, great 0:21:18.800 --> 0:21:24.639 history lesson here, right. This is a fantastic example of 0:21:24.680 --> 0:21:29.879 why monetizing wildlife is not good. Yeah, I'm talking about 0:21:30.000 --> 0:21:33.760 transferable landowner tags on the open market. It's not a 0:21:33.840 --> 0:21:39.080 jump over. In California, wardens thought something was crabby, and 0:21:39.119 --> 0:21:42.040 they were right. They cited two poachers for harvesting three 0:21:42.080 --> 0:21:44.639 hundred and fifty one striped shore crabs two hundred and 0:21:44.640 --> 0:21:47.000 eighty one crabs over the limit from a beach in 0:21:47.040 --> 0:21:50.920 San Luis Obispo. Neither criminal had a valid fishing license either. 0:21:51.240 --> 0:21:53.440 They reportedly attempted to hide one of their bags of 0:21:53.480 --> 0:21:56.439 crabs by wrapping a sweatshirt around it. Suffice it to 0:21:56.480 --> 0:22:00.040 say that didn't work. Apparently, the word poaching doesn't just 0:22:00.119 --> 0:22:03.080 apply to fish in animals, but vegetation too. This one 0:22:03.119 --> 0:22:06.040 comes to us from the San Francisco Chronicle, which reports 0:22:06.040 --> 0:22:08.920 that park rangers in Humboldt Redwood State Park have made 0:22:08.960 --> 0:22:12.560 several arrests in recent months of folks illicitly chopping up 0:22:12.560 --> 0:22:16.439 and removing dead redwood trees from the public's land. A 0:22:16.520 --> 0:22:19.320 recent case involved a Dodge Ram pickup truck and hasn't 0:22:19.359 --> 0:22:22.840 been solved, according to the California Department of Fish and Wildlife. Quote, 0:22:22.840 --> 0:22:25.200 in addition to the removal of a log that would 0:22:25.240 --> 0:22:28.240 provide hundreds of years of crucial nutrients to the forest, 0:22:28.560 --> 0:22:31.200 the suspects are driving off road to get to the log, 0:22:31.280 --> 0:22:34.320 causing deep ruts and significant damage to the forest floor. 0:22:34.680 --> 0:22:38.240 Old growth redwood is extremely valuable and can garner five 0:22:38.320 --> 0:22:41.040 hundred dollars for a twenty two pound slab. When I 0:22:41.080 --> 0:22:44.000 was over in Tennessee, I spoke with the landowner who 0:22:44.560 --> 0:22:48.840 ran into some tree poachers on his property. It's extremely lucrative, 0:22:49.160 --> 0:22:51.919 causes a lot of damage, and it's a real crime. 0:22:53.720 --> 0:22:56.119 There are also a couple of other unsolved cases that 0:22:56.200 --> 0:22:59.480 authorities are asking the public for help identifying the culprits. 0:22:59.520 --> 0:23:02.359 In in Michigan, five bald eagles were found dead on 0:23:02.359 --> 0:23:04.640 the Upper Peninsula and officials say that they were not 0:23:04.720 --> 0:23:09.080 killed by natural factors, predators, or vehicle strikes. Meanwhile, conservation 0:23:09.160 --> 0:23:12.639 offers in Saskatchewan are investigating the illegal killing of a 0:23:12.680 --> 0:23:15.080 black barsow and her cubs, which were all shot and 0:23:15.160 --> 0:23:19.200 left waste near Lorenzo, which about sixty miles northwest of Saskatoon. 0:23:21.160 --> 0:23:23.679 A committee in South Dakota recently shook up the state's 0:23:23.760 --> 0:23:27.119 elk hunting regulations. One of the changes might shock some folks. 0:23:27.119 --> 0:23:30.000 They decided to issue unlimited elk tags in the entire 0:23:30.080 --> 0:23:32.800 section of the state east of the Missouri River. If 0:23:32.840 --> 0:23:36.240 you're worried this would wipe out the entire wapity population there, 0:23:36.240 --> 0:23:39.439 well that's exactly what the committee is hoping for. The 0:23:39.480 --> 0:23:42.440 eastern part of the state is almost entirely private land, 0:23:42.440 --> 0:23:45.160 which is heavily used for agg Officials say that they 0:23:45.160 --> 0:23:47.560 don't want to have any crop damage from elk there. 0:23:47.920 --> 0:23:50.800 As a South Dakota Gamefish and Parks spokesperson told their 0:23:50.840 --> 0:23:53.960 friends over at Outdoor Life, quote, we're issuing the tags 0:23:53.960 --> 0:23:56.280 to try and nip a potential problem in the bud. 0:23:56.520 --> 0:23:59.320