1 00:00:00,880 --> 00:00:09,719 Speaker 1: Hitler, Sophie, Sophie, Sophie. But we did it. I always 2 00:00:09,760 --> 00:00:12,600 Speaker 1: promised we do it again. That's our That's everyone's favorite 3 00:00:12,600 --> 00:00:17,720 Speaker 1: intro is when I just a totally shouted Hitler. We're 4 00:00:17,760 --> 00:00:23,400 Speaker 1: talking about Hitler today. This is Behind the Bastards podcast 5 00:00:23,440 --> 00:00:25,919 Speaker 1: about the worst people in all of history. I'm Robert Evans, 6 00:00:26,280 --> 00:00:29,800 Speaker 1: and this is actually a special mini series of Behind 7 00:00:29,840 --> 00:00:33,600 Speaker 1: the Bastards called Behind the Insurrections. Uh. Last episode we 8 00:00:33,640 --> 00:00:37,920 Speaker 1: talked about Benito Mussolini's March on Rome. This episode, we're 9 00:00:37,960 --> 00:00:41,800 Speaker 1: talking about another fascist insurrection directly inspired by the March 10 00:00:41,880 --> 00:00:45,960 Speaker 1: on Rome and carried out by Bastard's pod side character 11 00:00:46,120 --> 00:00:49,760 Speaker 1: and main character, Adolf Hitler. We're talking about the Munich 12 00:00:49,800 --> 00:00:54,320 Speaker 1: beer Hall push today. Yeah, lighted a fire, baby lighted 13 00:00:54,360 --> 00:00:59,000 Speaker 1: on so awful insurrection. I realized I should probably reference 14 00:00:59,040 --> 00:01:06,000 Speaker 1: where I got that from. It's okay, so Common the 15 00:01:06,080 --> 00:01:10,840 Speaker 1: actor and I call him the actor. I'm finishing. That 16 00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:16,319 Speaker 1: is an interesting since the rapper. Okay and yes, and 17 00:01:17,040 --> 00:01:20,600 Speaker 1: one could argue of the top ten list of greatest 18 00:01:20,680 --> 00:01:23,280 Speaker 1: rap albums of all time, Common may hold two of 19 00:01:23,280 --> 00:01:27,840 Speaker 1: those slots, one of which is an album called Resurrection 20 00:01:28,160 --> 00:01:30,560 Speaker 1: and That's where I got that from, was because he's 21 00:01:30,560 --> 00:01:33,680 Speaker 1: saying Ris Rick should so I was just saying insurrection, 22 00:01:34,520 --> 00:01:38,160 Speaker 1: deep cut, unnecessary piece of information. But you can pull 23 00:01:38,200 --> 00:01:40,160 Speaker 1: that out next time somebody tried to judge you about 24 00:01:40,160 --> 00:01:44,200 Speaker 1: your pop culture stuff. Beautiful, thank you. I'm more excited 25 00:01:44,240 --> 00:01:46,399 Speaker 1: about the fact that he was common sense. And then 26 00:01:46,400 --> 00:01:48,800 Speaker 1: he got into Hollywood and decided to drop the sense, 27 00:01:48,960 --> 00:01:54,280 Speaker 1: which no com There was a there's a band out 28 00:01:54,280 --> 00:01:57,160 Speaker 1: here in l A, like a local band who sued 29 00:01:57,240 --> 00:02:01,200 Speaker 1: him whose name was common said, and they were like 30 00:02:01,320 --> 00:02:06,440 Speaker 1: almost like a three eleven sublime, like white Boy Raggai band, 31 00:02:06,680 --> 00:02:08,440 Speaker 1: and they sued him for the name. They were like, 32 00:02:08,480 --> 00:02:10,800 Speaker 1: we were common sense first, and I mean I feel like, 33 00:02:11,160 --> 00:02:13,600 Speaker 1: I feel like you can't copyright the word or name 34 00:02:13,720 --> 00:02:19,040 Speaker 1: common sense, but they wont. So he was like, all right, 35 00:02:19,040 --> 00:02:25,200 Speaker 1: whatever comment and then became a list celebrity. I was 36 00:02:25,360 --> 00:02:27,919 Speaker 1: going to say, speaking of people who won, we should 37 00:02:27,960 --> 00:02:30,640 Speaker 1: talk about hitler Um at least for a while, but 38 00:02:30,720 --> 00:02:35,079 Speaker 1: not in this particular story, although eventually, at least when 39 00:02:35,840 --> 00:02:41,560 Speaker 1: this particular story ends, it's not the end of the story. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. 40 00:02:41,639 --> 00:02:45,360 Speaker 1: This particular story is with Nazi defeat. But the broader 41 00:02:45,400 --> 00:02:48,840 Speaker 1: story of the Nazis is more complicated than that. So 42 00:02:49,480 --> 00:02:51,720 Speaker 1: I think we're gonna start here by talking about the 43 00:02:51,760 --> 00:02:55,560 Speaker 1: city of Munich, because generally when people talk Nazis, they 44 00:02:55,600 --> 00:02:58,680 Speaker 1: wind up kind of focusing on Berlin Um. But Munich 45 00:02:58,800 --> 00:03:02,320 Speaker 1: is where the National Sohalist Germans Workers Party, the n 46 00:03:02,360 --> 00:03:04,600 Speaker 1: s d a P, the Nazis, That's where they came from. 47 00:03:04,600 --> 00:03:08,239 Speaker 1: That's the birthplace of the Nazi movement is Munich. And 48 00:03:08,280 --> 00:03:10,560 Speaker 1: if you look a little bit into Munich's history it 49 00:03:10,639 --> 00:03:13,320 Speaker 1: makes sense. Um. Munich is a city in the German 50 00:03:13,360 --> 00:03:16,880 Speaker 1: state of Bavaria Um and Bavaria is historically the most 51 00:03:16,960 --> 00:03:20,600 Speaker 1: conservative part of Germany. It's kind of like Texas, uh 52 00:03:20,680 --> 00:03:24,680 Speaker 1: in that even after German unification in eighteen seventy, Bavarians 53 00:03:24,680 --> 00:03:27,800 Speaker 1: tended to see themselves as different and other from like 54 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:31,200 Speaker 1: the rest of Germany, right like we're Germans, sure, but 55 00:03:31,240 --> 00:03:33,920 Speaker 1: we're more Bavarian, right Like it's it's this this the 56 00:03:33,960 --> 00:03:36,520 Speaker 1: attitude that you do kind of see like Texans have 57 00:03:36,520 --> 00:03:38,560 Speaker 1: a bit of this, right like where we're our own thing. 58 00:03:39,000 --> 00:03:41,600 Speaker 1: So that's always big in Bavaria and there's this kind 59 00:03:41,600 --> 00:03:44,720 Speaker 1: of like traditionalism. They have their own monarchy that's separate 60 00:03:44,760 --> 00:03:47,440 Speaker 1: from the Kaiser right, like the Kaiser's in charge of 61 00:03:47,480 --> 00:03:50,440 Speaker 1: Bavaria still, but they also have their own king UM. 62 00:03:50,520 --> 00:03:53,360 Speaker 1: And there's a lot of Bavarians who aren't super into 63 00:03:53,360 --> 00:03:55,640 Speaker 1: the idea of being part of Germany right because they 64 00:03:55,800 --> 00:03:59,400 Speaker 1: they they are more Bavarian than anything. Now. Adolf Hitler, 65 00:03:59,440 --> 00:04:02,000 Speaker 1: who was again in Austrian so he's not really a 66 00:04:02,080 --> 00:04:04,960 Speaker 1: German by the consideration of a lot of Germans. He 67 00:04:05,040 --> 00:04:08,640 Speaker 1: moves to Munich in nineteen thirteen mainly because he was 68 00:04:08,680 --> 00:04:11,600 Speaker 1: getting drafted to go join the Austrian Army and he 69 00:04:11,640 --> 00:04:13,680 Speaker 1: didn't want to join the Austrian army. So he's a 70 00:04:13,760 --> 00:04:16,400 Speaker 1: draft dodger and he moves to Munich to avoid serving 71 00:04:16,440 --> 00:04:19,520 Speaker 1: his time in the military. UM and just based on 72 00:04:19,560 --> 00:04:21,719 Speaker 1: what happens lest this is less because Hitler was Hitler 73 00:04:21,760 --> 00:04:23,719 Speaker 1: was not scared of being in the military. He didn't 74 00:04:23,720 --> 00:04:27,120 Speaker 1: like Austria. He thought it was like racially polluted UM 75 00:04:27,200 --> 00:04:29,320 Speaker 1: and so he moved to Munich because it was more 76 00:04:29,360 --> 00:04:32,960 Speaker 1: in line with his right wing sensibilities. UM. So he 77 00:04:33,040 --> 00:04:35,320 Speaker 1: rented a cheap room and he made a poverty level 78 00:04:35,360 --> 00:04:38,680 Speaker 1: income in Munich painting pictures of like famous buildings in 79 00:04:38,760 --> 00:04:41,760 Speaker 1: town because the beautiful city and selling them to tourists. 80 00:04:41,880 --> 00:04:44,680 Speaker 1: And this was like a whole industry in Munich. A 81 00:04:44,680 --> 00:04:47,719 Speaker 1: bunch of of little artists would paint pictures of local 82 00:04:47,760 --> 00:04:50,880 Speaker 1: buildings and sell them as like keepsakes to tourists. Hitler 83 00:04:50,960 --> 00:04:53,240 Speaker 1: was kind of unique among these artists because while most 84 00:04:53,240 --> 00:04:55,400 Speaker 1: of them would actually go out to where those buildings 85 00:04:55,400 --> 00:04:57,880 Speaker 1: were with like an easel and paint the buildings and 86 00:04:57,920 --> 00:05:00,680 Speaker 1: then sell their pictures and stuff, Hitler would buy cheap 87 00:05:00,720 --> 00:05:03,640 Speaker 1: postcards of those buildings and paint alone in his room 88 00:05:03,880 --> 00:05:06,520 Speaker 1: where he spent most of his time reading fringe political 89 00:05:06,560 --> 00:05:11,159 Speaker 1: tracts and one presumes masturbating furiously. We have to Yeah, 90 00:05:11,279 --> 00:05:18,159 Speaker 1: just unbelievable. Yeah, yeah he was. I mean he was 91 00:05:18,200 --> 00:05:20,359 Speaker 1: a pretty right wing guy. But yeah, he's he's pounding 92 00:05:20,400 --> 00:05:24,360 Speaker 1: it in his little office um and painting from postcards. Um. 93 00:05:24,440 --> 00:05:27,640 Speaker 1: And he's not a very good artist, which is one 94 00:05:27,640 --> 00:05:31,200 Speaker 1: of the key little because he lived in like a 95 00:05:31,240 --> 00:05:34,280 Speaker 1: tiny little real he was renting from a lady. He 96 00:05:34,600 --> 00:05:38,760 Speaker 1: was he was very little. Yeah, when Hitler, I thought 97 00:05:38,800 --> 00:05:41,520 Speaker 1: we were just putting him down for no reason. But no, no, 98 00:05:42,600 --> 00:05:45,800 Speaker 1: he was extremely poor. So when Hitler moved to Munich, 99 00:05:45,839 --> 00:05:48,880 Speaker 1: he had just finished being like a homeless person in 100 00:05:48,880 --> 00:05:51,240 Speaker 1: in Vienna, Like he lived in like a men's home 101 00:05:51,320 --> 00:05:54,359 Speaker 1: and stuff for like people who couldn't afford um to 102 00:05:54,480 --> 00:05:56,440 Speaker 1: stay off the street and whatnot. So he had just 103 00:05:56,480 --> 00:06:00,560 Speaker 1: gotten out of like a really dire financial situation. Um. 104 00:06:00,600 --> 00:06:02,120 Speaker 1: And actually part of why he was in a dire 105 00:06:02,120 --> 00:06:04,719 Speaker 1: financial situation is he inherited money from his mom, but 106 00:06:04,760 --> 00:06:06,800 Speaker 1: then his sister needed it for her kids, and so 107 00:06:06,880 --> 00:06:09,680 Speaker 1: he gave up his inheritance to her. Um, which you know, 108 00:06:10,080 --> 00:06:13,000 Speaker 1: kind of his evidence that, like everyone who turns out terrible, 109 00:06:13,000 --> 00:06:14,800 Speaker 1: there was a period of time in which Hitler might 110 00:06:14,839 --> 00:06:18,280 Speaker 1: not have wound up being Hitler. Um. So anyway, important 111 00:06:18,279 --> 00:06:20,800 Speaker 1: to keep in mind. So Hitler's living in Munich, He's 112 00:06:20,800 --> 00:06:24,200 Speaker 1: painting shitty paintings, tugging it all the time, um, and 113 00:06:24,320 --> 00:06:27,480 Speaker 1: reading a bunch of like reactionary right wing zines, like 114 00:06:27,600 --> 00:06:31,039 Speaker 1: poorly mimiographed newsletters about the dangers of the Jews. That's 115 00:06:31,040 --> 00:06:33,200 Speaker 1: like a huge thing Hitler's doing in this period. Some 116 00:06:33,240 --> 00:06:35,800 Speaker 1: things never changed, man. Yeah, Yeah, It's like it's like 117 00:06:35,880 --> 00:06:38,840 Speaker 1: he's like hanging out on the day's equivalent of eight Chan, 118 00:06:39,040 --> 00:06:41,280 Speaker 1: which is like these tracts that are being passed out 119 00:06:41,320 --> 00:06:44,080 Speaker 1: on the street. So when World War One kicks off, 120 00:06:44,680 --> 00:06:47,279 Speaker 1: and you know, in this period, right the Archduke's assassinated, 121 00:06:47,320 --> 00:06:49,240 Speaker 1: as we talked about last time, but in the run 122 00:06:49,360 --> 00:06:51,800 Speaker 1: up to World of One, Benito Mussolini's furiously trying to 123 00:06:51,839 --> 00:06:55,560 Speaker 1: get his country Italy involved in the war. UM. Germany 124 00:06:55,600 --> 00:06:59,039 Speaker 1: goes to war with the World UM, and Hitler immediately 125 00:06:59,120 --> 00:07:01,960 Speaker 1: joins up and become as an infantry man. UH. And 126 00:07:02,080 --> 00:07:04,920 Speaker 1: he's almost immediately thrown into one of the most horrifying 127 00:07:04,960 --> 00:07:07,440 Speaker 1: battles in not just like the whole war, but like 128 00:07:07,520 --> 00:07:10,480 Speaker 1: ever it's known colloquially as the Slaughter of the Innocence 129 00:07:10,840 --> 00:07:14,160 Speaker 1: because the Germans sent tens of thousands of basically children 130 00:07:14,200 --> 00:07:19,080 Speaker 1: to die to like Allied machine guns, a horrible battle. UM. Now, 131 00:07:19,120 --> 00:07:21,720 Speaker 1: at the same time as Hitler's watching his friends getting 132 00:07:21,720 --> 00:07:24,640 Speaker 1: mowed down in the trenches, Herman Gerring, who would become 133 00:07:24,640 --> 00:07:27,200 Speaker 1: his future second in command, is becoming one of the 134 00:07:27,200 --> 00:07:30,120 Speaker 1: first fighter pilots in history. Gering flew with Manfred ron 135 00:07:30,200 --> 00:07:33,840 Speaker 1: Richtoven the Red Baron's Flying Circus. He took command of 136 00:07:33,840 --> 00:07:37,280 Speaker 1: the squadron after Ricktoven got killed in nineteen eighteen, and 137 00:07:37,320 --> 00:07:39,360 Speaker 1: he got something. He shot down like twenty nine planes. 138 00:07:39,480 --> 00:07:41,720 Speaker 1: He's an extremely good fighter pilot, and it's like a 139 00:07:41,800 --> 00:07:45,760 Speaker 1: dad becomes like a dashing national hero. Now another big 140 00:07:45,840 --> 00:07:48,760 Speaker 1: Nazi you might know, Heinrich Himler was too young to 141 00:07:48,800 --> 00:07:51,040 Speaker 1: serve during World War One. He came from that awkward 142 00:07:51,080 --> 00:07:53,120 Speaker 1: generation where you were too young to fight in the 143 00:07:53,120 --> 00:07:55,320 Speaker 1: First World War, and he would have been too old 144 00:07:55,360 --> 00:07:57,800 Speaker 1: to fight in the second, and so his entire youth 145 00:07:57,880 --> 00:08:00,680 Speaker 1: was spent like idolizing these soldiers go off to die 146 00:08:00,840 --> 00:08:04,320 Speaker 1: in France who he was unable to join. Now, another 147 00:08:04,400 --> 00:08:07,680 Speaker 1: fellow who went to war in nineteen fourteen was Ernst Pohner. 148 00:08:08,200 --> 00:08:10,360 Speaker 1: Now Powner was a middle aged I know, it's a 149 00:08:10,440 --> 00:08:13,920 Speaker 1: rough name. You gotta give the guy some credit for 150 00:08:14,480 --> 00:08:17,360 Speaker 1: it the real cross to bear. So Powner grew up 151 00:08:17,720 --> 00:08:21,000 Speaker 1: or Powner was like a middle aged, conservative educated Bavarian, 152 00:08:21,000 --> 00:08:23,480 Speaker 1: pretty right wing guy. When the war starts and he 153 00:08:23,520 --> 00:08:26,000 Speaker 1: was commissioned as an infantry officer and eventually rose to 154 00:08:26,040 --> 00:08:29,280 Speaker 1: regimental command. Now, despite being a Bavarian to his soul 155 00:08:29,600 --> 00:08:31,760 Speaker 1: and thus being kind of like separate from the rest 156 00:08:31,800 --> 00:08:34,760 Speaker 1: of Germans, fighting in the war gives him this sense 157 00:08:34,800 --> 00:08:36,880 Speaker 1: of like unity with the rest of Germany and he 158 00:08:37,120 --> 00:08:39,520 Speaker 1: starts to feel like a member of this, like this 159 00:08:39,679 --> 00:08:42,200 Speaker 1: unified nation for the first time in his life. And 160 00:08:42,200 --> 00:08:45,000 Speaker 1: in fact, all of Bavaria was brought closer in step 161 00:08:45,040 --> 00:08:47,360 Speaker 1: to the rest of Germany. As a result of the war. 162 00:08:47,800 --> 00:08:51,000 Speaker 1: The region industrialized rapidly to provide armaments, and as the 163 00:08:51,000 --> 00:08:53,760 Speaker 1: German state devoted itself increasingly to becoming an engine of 164 00:08:53,840 --> 00:08:56,920 Speaker 1: arms production. Um, Bavaria becomes like a big part of that, 165 00:08:57,000 --> 00:09:00,720 Speaker 1: particularly Nuremberg or not, I think I think it might 166 00:09:00,760 --> 00:09:02,360 Speaker 1: have been. It was it was Narremberg. I'm not great 167 00:09:02,360 --> 00:09:04,800 Speaker 1: on all the other German cities, but like Bavarius starts 168 00:09:04,840 --> 00:09:09,440 Speaker 1: industrializing heavily, and their military was like just the best 169 00:09:09,480 --> 00:09:12,800 Speaker 1: in the world, incredibly good. Yeah yeah, like like Germany 170 00:09:12,960 --> 00:09:16,520 Speaker 1: actively amazing goes up against the entire rest of the 171 00:09:16,559 --> 00:09:19,240 Speaker 1: world in World War One and comes pretty close to winning. 172 00:09:19,360 --> 00:09:22,240 Speaker 1: They yeah, they like it's not like World War Two 173 00:09:22,280 --> 00:09:25,319 Speaker 1: where after a while, like they're almost they almost pulled 174 00:09:25,320 --> 00:09:29,160 Speaker 1: it off almost one yeah yeah, um, so the Kaiser's 175 00:09:29,200 --> 00:09:32,079 Speaker 1: propaganda had forbidden so like and that that's actually part 176 00:09:32,080 --> 00:09:34,120 Speaker 1: of the problem is that right up until the end 177 00:09:34,120 --> 00:09:36,760 Speaker 1: of the war, Germany could win it. It's not again, 178 00:09:36,760 --> 00:09:38,840 Speaker 1: not like World War Two. We're after nineteen forty three. 179 00:09:38,880 --> 00:09:41,520 Speaker 1: Everyone can see the writing on the wall up until 180 00:09:41,880 --> 00:09:45,240 Speaker 1: like late nineteen eighteen, Germany could pull that ship off. 181 00:09:45,840 --> 00:09:49,040 Speaker 1: Um And this is sort of compounded in the minds 182 00:09:49,040 --> 00:09:51,520 Speaker 1: of German people who see their soldiers winning by the 183 00:09:51,600 --> 00:09:55,480 Speaker 1: Kaisers propaganda, because the Kaiser had forbidden journalists from reporting 184 00:09:55,480 --> 00:09:59,120 Speaker 1: on the dire situation in the West. Um. So number one, 185 00:09:59,320 --> 00:10:01,400 Speaker 1: Germany is in a pretty good position most of the war. 186 00:10:01,679 --> 00:10:04,240 Speaker 1: They knock Romania and Russia out of the fight, so 187 00:10:04,280 --> 00:10:07,240 Speaker 1: they beat like two powers, including Russia, which is like 188 00:10:07,240 --> 00:10:10,480 Speaker 1: a fifth of the world's land masks which they heard 189 00:10:10,480 --> 00:10:14,360 Speaker 1: of at the time. They conquer Ukraine, um like get 190 00:10:14,360 --> 00:10:17,280 Speaker 1: it in a treaty basically, and they spend most of 191 00:10:17,320 --> 00:10:21,080 Speaker 1: the war within spitting distance of Paris. So on a map, 192 00:10:21,160 --> 00:10:23,760 Speaker 1: Germans spend most of that war thinking like we're winning. 193 00:10:23,800 --> 00:10:25,680 Speaker 1: This is tough, we're losing a lot of men, but 194 00:10:25,760 --> 00:10:29,680 Speaker 1: like we're gonna win this thing now. The situation on 195 00:10:29,720 --> 00:10:32,600 Speaker 1: the map belied some crucial realities, including the fact that 196 00:10:32,679 --> 00:10:35,840 Speaker 1: as the war went on, Germany was completely hollowed out 197 00:10:35,880 --> 00:10:39,680 Speaker 1: of soldiers, of supplies, and of food. Three quarters of 198 00:10:39,679 --> 00:10:42,600 Speaker 1: a million German civilian starved to death as a result 199 00:10:42,600 --> 00:10:46,800 Speaker 1: of the Allied blockade. UM. By the time Germany surrenders 200 00:10:46,800 --> 00:10:49,480 Speaker 1: in the winter of nineteen eighteen, it's army is on 201 00:10:49,520 --> 00:10:52,360 Speaker 1: the very brink of collapse. The generals who are in 202 00:10:52,440 --> 00:10:54,600 Speaker 1: charge at the end a guy named Eric Lundor for 203 00:10:54,679 --> 00:10:57,440 Speaker 1: you might remember from the Wonder Woman movie. Yes, he's 204 00:10:57,480 --> 00:11:00,520 Speaker 1: the bad guy and Wonder Woman um, but was a 205 00:11:00,600 --> 00:11:04,480 Speaker 1: real dude. UM. And Paul von Hindenberg, who was his 206 00:11:04,480 --> 00:11:08,880 Speaker 1: his co general. We're not the ones to accept failure gracefully, right, 207 00:11:08,880 --> 00:11:10,840 Speaker 1: Like both of them had some victories to their name, 208 00:11:10,920 --> 00:11:13,200 Speaker 1: both of them made some major strategic errors at the 209 00:11:13,320 --> 00:11:16,439 Speaker 1: end that we're a big factor in German defeat. Um. 210 00:11:16,480 --> 00:11:19,040 Speaker 1: But when the Germans lose, they don't stay on deck 211 00:11:19,120 --> 00:11:21,320 Speaker 1: to be like, hey, guys, we tried our best, we 212 00:11:21,400 --> 00:11:23,199 Speaker 1: fought as hard as anyone could fight, and we got 213 00:11:23,200 --> 00:11:27,040 Speaker 1: our We we just lost. They fucking bounce like as 214 00:11:27,080 --> 00:11:29,760 Speaker 1: soon as it becomes clear they're going to surrender, they're 215 00:11:29,840 --> 00:11:35,319 Speaker 1: fucking out of there. Yeah yeah, so back yeah, and 216 00:11:35,440 --> 00:11:39,080 Speaker 1: they they hand over responsibility for negotiating Germany's surrender because 217 00:11:39,080 --> 00:11:42,040 Speaker 1: the Kaiser also bounces like that motherfucker's off the Belgium 218 00:11:42,040 --> 00:11:45,840 Speaker 1: on a trade like um. So all of the people 219 00:11:45,880 --> 00:11:48,400 Speaker 1: who had gotten Germany into war and had like pushed 220 00:11:48,440 --> 00:11:51,839 Speaker 1: the war the whole time leave and put the responsibility 221 00:11:51,880 --> 00:11:55,880 Speaker 1: for negotiating the surrender on the social democrat dominated Reichstag. 222 00:11:56,000 --> 00:12:00,120 Speaker 1: So Germany overnight is a social democracy. And also the 223 00:12:00,160 --> 00:12:02,640 Speaker 1: liberals who had been most a lot of them anti 224 00:12:02,679 --> 00:12:05,240 Speaker 1: war up to that point, now have to deal with 225 00:12:06,080 --> 00:12:09,840 Speaker 1: negotiating germany surrender. Meanwhile, the guys who were responsible for 226 00:12:09,920 --> 00:12:13,120 Speaker 1: losing the war start concocting a narrative that the left 227 00:12:13,160 --> 00:12:16,440 Speaker 1: had stabbed the German army in the back, um, and 228 00:12:16,559 --> 00:12:18,679 Speaker 1: that's why they lost. And when I say the left, 229 00:12:18,920 --> 00:12:21,559 Speaker 1: I also mean the Jews, because that's what they mean, right, 230 00:12:21,640 --> 00:12:23,800 Speaker 1: like they're not, yeah, the left. And it's the same 231 00:12:23,840 --> 00:12:27,120 Speaker 1: thing people talk about cultural Marxism today, right the turn 232 00:12:27,160 --> 00:12:30,360 Speaker 1: back then was Judeo Bolshevism. But it's the same idea, right. 233 00:12:31,040 --> 00:12:34,199 Speaker 1: So the first days and weeks after Germany's defeat, there 234 00:12:34,200 --> 00:12:36,680 Speaker 1: were just a bunch of revolutions all throughout these different 235 00:12:36,679 --> 00:12:38,760 Speaker 1: cities in Germany, and a lot of them were left wing. 236 00:12:39,160 --> 00:12:41,600 Speaker 1: But Verry was not spared in this wave of unrest. 237 00:12:41,640 --> 00:12:43,760 Speaker 1: As you said, there was a strong While Bavaria is 238 00:12:43,840 --> 00:12:46,840 Speaker 1: very conservative, in Munich in particular, there's a very vibrant 239 00:12:46,920 --> 00:12:51,040 Speaker 1: left wing. And several days before Germany signs the armistice 240 00:12:51,040 --> 00:12:53,760 Speaker 1: on November eleven, on November seven, this huge crowd as 241 00:12:53,800 --> 00:12:56,760 Speaker 1: symbols in Munich and they forced the Bavarian king to 242 00:12:56,840 --> 00:13:00,320 Speaker 1: leave his throne. Now, the guy who orchestrate did this 243 00:13:00,360 --> 00:13:02,520 Speaker 1: was a dude named Kurt Eisner, and he's the head 244 00:13:02,520 --> 00:13:05,800 Speaker 1: of the Bavarian Social Democratic Party and his goal was 245 00:13:05,840 --> 00:13:07,360 Speaker 1: to you know what he did. He wanted to kick 246 00:13:07,360 --> 00:13:11,040 Speaker 1: out the king and establish a Bavarian republic. Now, that 247 00:13:11,120 --> 00:13:15,360 Speaker 1: worked for a little while. The unfortunately Eisner, the coalition 248 00:13:15,360 --> 00:13:17,320 Speaker 1: that Eisener used to kind of kick the king out 249 00:13:17,320 --> 00:13:20,720 Speaker 1: and establish a republic was only united in their desire 250 00:13:20,800 --> 00:13:22,599 Speaker 1: to bring it into the war and get rid of 251 00:13:22,679 --> 00:13:25,000 Speaker 1: the king. And once that war ended and the king 252 00:13:25,080 --> 00:13:27,480 Speaker 1: was gone, they didn't agree on anything else because it 253 00:13:27,480 --> 00:13:29,480 Speaker 1: was a coalition of like the far left, but also 254 00:13:29,520 --> 00:13:32,160 Speaker 1: a lot of like center left people and even centrists 255 00:13:32,160 --> 00:13:34,320 Speaker 1: were just like this World War One thing doesn't seem 256 00:13:34,360 --> 00:13:37,319 Speaker 1: to be working out for anybody. All of us sucks 257 00:13:37,320 --> 00:13:39,720 Speaker 1: for all of us. And when that ends, a lot 258 00:13:39,760 --> 00:13:42,720 Speaker 1: of these centrists are like, well, we don't really agree 259 00:13:42,720 --> 00:13:45,800 Speaker 1: with the left on anything else, you know, And there's 260 00:13:45,840 --> 00:13:48,520 Speaker 1: this huge desire to We've got the king out, the 261 00:13:48,520 --> 00:13:51,160 Speaker 1: war has gone. Let's go back to business as usual. 262 00:13:51,440 --> 00:13:54,000 Speaker 1: Let's go back to the way things were before the war. 263 00:13:54,040 --> 00:13:58,600 Speaker 1: I think people Americans can understand. People. Yeah, I just 264 00:13:58,600 --> 00:14:00,480 Speaker 1: want to go back to branch man. Yeah, I want 265 00:14:00,520 --> 00:14:02,200 Speaker 1: to go back to brunch. And a lot of these 266 00:14:02,200 --> 00:14:04,480 Speaker 1: centrists wanted to go back to the center right and 267 00:14:04,520 --> 00:14:07,280 Speaker 1: the center left, arguing because both the extreme right and 268 00:14:07,320 --> 00:14:09,520 Speaker 1: the extreme left had been empowered by the war and 269 00:14:09,559 --> 00:14:12,280 Speaker 1: the economic collapse that came with it, and these these 270 00:14:12,280 --> 00:14:15,280 Speaker 1: folks in the middle were scared by that. So this 271 00:14:15,320 --> 00:14:20,120 Speaker 1: is before like Proust, and like the new like the 272 00:14:20,160 --> 00:14:24,080 Speaker 1: new Democrats or the new like Constitution. They right, like this, 273 00:14:24,080 --> 00:14:28,720 Speaker 1: this is right, this is before the Weimar Constitution. Istion 274 00:14:29,320 --> 00:14:33,440 Speaker 1: Eisner over Eisner leads his sort of revolution like five 275 00:14:33,560 --> 00:14:37,280 Speaker 1: days before Germany surrenders. Um. So this is contemporary, like 276 00:14:37,360 --> 00:14:40,640 Speaker 1: the Weimar Constitution starts being written during the period where 277 00:14:40,640 --> 00:14:43,080 Speaker 1: a lot of this is happening. But this starts before. 278 00:14:43,200 --> 00:14:47,320 Speaker 1: This starts while the Kaiser is still on the throat, right, Um, 279 00:14:47,360 --> 00:14:49,280 Speaker 1: I'm fairly sure while the Kaiser is still on the front. 280 00:14:49,320 --> 00:14:53,200 Speaker 1: It starts before the official German surrender. So things, you know, 281 00:14:53,280 --> 00:14:56,440 Speaker 1: the center right or the center left decides like, we 282 00:14:56,480 --> 00:14:59,600 Speaker 1: don't really want to work with Eisener. Eisner's support dissolves, 283 00:14:59,640 --> 00:15:01,880 Speaker 1: and he kind of winds up unable to govern because 284 00:15:01,880 --> 00:15:05,200 Speaker 1: he doesn't really have a lot of people backing him. Um. 285 00:15:05,240 --> 00:15:09,880 Speaker 1: There's new elections, uh in January of nineteen nineteen, and 286 00:15:09,960 --> 00:15:13,680 Speaker 1: this kind of center left dominates as opposed to Eisner's 287 00:15:13,720 --> 00:15:17,760 Speaker 1: far left. So on the morning of February one, nineteen nineteen, 288 00:15:17,960 --> 00:15:21,160 Speaker 1: Kurt Eisner starts walking to the lawn Tag, the land Tag, 289 00:15:21,160 --> 00:15:23,080 Speaker 1: which is like they're, you know, kind of their Congress 290 00:15:23,080 --> 00:15:25,480 Speaker 1: sort of thing, to resign his position as head of 291 00:15:25,520 --> 00:15:28,840 Speaker 1: the local government. Now, while he's on his way, this 292 00:15:29,080 --> 00:15:33,440 Speaker 1: German noble count Anton Arco Valley, which is a fucking badass. 293 00:15:33,480 --> 00:15:39,960 Speaker 1: Now Arco Valley, it's like he's like a Spiderman victim right, Billy, Yeah, Um, 294 00:15:39,960 --> 00:15:42,480 Speaker 1: he's a he's a rich Bavarian nobleman. So Arco Valley 295 00:15:42,560 --> 00:15:46,480 Speaker 1: like comes up and shoots him dead. Eisner. Um so 296 00:15:46,720 --> 00:15:49,320 Speaker 1: because he's you know, Arco Valley is a monarchist and 297 00:15:49,360 --> 00:15:51,200 Speaker 1: a and a far right kind of guy, and he 298 00:15:51,520 --> 00:15:53,280 Speaker 1: wants to murder this left wing dude, even though the 299 00:15:53,280 --> 00:15:56,520 Speaker 1: guy is about to leave power willingly. So one of 300 00:15:56,560 --> 00:15:59,640 Speaker 1: Eisner's Eisner does have some very loyal followers, and one 301 00:15:59,680 --> 00:16:03,240 Speaker 1: of them responds to Eisner being killed by gunning down 302 00:16:03,240 --> 00:16:07,440 Speaker 1: another politician. And for reasons unknown to history, this like 303 00:16:07,600 --> 00:16:11,120 Speaker 1: leftist supporter of Eisner, instead of going after one of 304 00:16:11,200 --> 00:16:14,280 Speaker 1: arco Valley's allies, picks a moderate liberal um, a guy 305 00:16:14,360 --> 00:16:18,800 Speaker 1: named Ernard our Um and shoots him. Now, our survives 306 00:16:18,800 --> 00:16:20,120 Speaker 1: an hour at the time is kind of the head 307 00:16:20,120 --> 00:16:22,720 Speaker 1: of the Social Democrats and Munich. So he's like, he's 308 00:16:22,760 --> 00:16:24,800 Speaker 1: like kind of the Joe Biden right, Like he's like 309 00:16:24,840 --> 00:16:29,560 Speaker 1: a moderate liberal. Um. Yeah uh. And this leftist shoots 310 00:16:29,600 --> 00:16:31,720 Speaker 1: him instead of one of arco valleys allies for a 311 00:16:31,720 --> 00:16:35,720 Speaker 1: good reasons that aren't really well known. Um, but our survived. 312 00:16:35,920 --> 00:16:39,520 Speaker 1: What theories you know, I I haven't really heard a 313 00:16:39,520 --> 00:16:41,960 Speaker 1: good one. It might just be that, as a rule, 314 00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:44,000 Speaker 1: a lot of folks on the far left will always 315 00:16:44,000 --> 00:16:47,720 Speaker 1: hate liberals more than they hate the right. Um. It 316 00:16:47,800 --> 00:16:50,000 Speaker 1: might have been it's like it was just like personal 317 00:16:50,080 --> 00:16:52,080 Speaker 1: It's like that fool hit on my girl. Yeah, I've 318 00:16:52,120 --> 00:16:56,840 Speaker 1: been personally. He might have been a man. I took 319 00:16:56,840 --> 00:16:59,360 Speaker 1: my chance. He might have just fucked up right, like 320 00:16:59,400 --> 00:17:01,760 Speaker 1: guns are at the wrong rate back then, you know, 321 00:17:02,040 --> 00:17:05,440 Speaker 1: like you know, I don't really know. Um Ours survived 322 00:17:05,480 --> 00:17:07,479 Speaker 1: though he doesn't get killed, but his injuries keep him 323 00:17:07,480 --> 00:17:09,560 Speaker 1: out of politics for two years. And while our was 324 00:17:09,600 --> 00:17:12,600 Speaker 1: like kind of a centrist, he was an effective leader 325 00:17:12,640 --> 00:17:14,960 Speaker 1: of the Social Democratic Party. He was good at getting 326 00:17:14,960 --> 00:17:17,640 Speaker 1: people in line. Um And the fact that he's out 327 00:17:17,680 --> 00:17:19,560 Speaker 1: of the picture for a couple of years means that 328 00:17:19,640 --> 00:17:22,880 Speaker 1: his party is effectively rudderless right at the same time 329 00:17:22,920 --> 00:17:26,840 Speaker 1: that the far left is energized by Eisner's martyrdom. Now, 330 00:17:26,920 --> 00:17:30,199 Speaker 1: our successor, a guy named Johann Hoffman, was weak and 331 00:17:30,320 --> 00:17:33,879 Speaker 1: not very competent um. So you've got this position where 332 00:17:33,920 --> 00:17:38,239 Speaker 1: the dominant center left party loses its effective leader at 333 00:17:38,240 --> 00:17:40,879 Speaker 1: the same time as the radical left gets energized by 334 00:17:40,880 --> 00:17:43,960 Speaker 1: the assassination of like one of their big dudes. And 335 00:17:44,000 --> 00:17:46,760 Speaker 1: I'm gonna I'm gonna read a quote now from a 336 00:17:46,920 --> 00:17:50,159 Speaker 1: graduate dissertation by James McGee titled the Political Police in 337 00:17:50,200 --> 00:17:53,480 Speaker 1: Bavaria nineteen nineteen to nineteen thirty six. To explain what 338 00:17:53,520 --> 00:17:56,879 Speaker 1: happens next. The assassination of Eisner had worked as a 339 00:17:56,920 --> 00:18:00,240 Speaker 1: solvent upon political consensus such as it was in Bavaria. 340 00:18:00,440 --> 00:18:03,119 Speaker 1: The Hoffman government found itself caught between the advance of 341 00:18:03,240 --> 00:18:05,960 Speaker 1: radicalism on both the right and the left the first round, 342 00:18:05,960 --> 00:18:08,320 Speaker 1: and the struggle went to the radical left. No longer 343 00:18:08,359 --> 00:18:11,240 Speaker 1: able to maintain itself in Munich, the Hoffman government decamped 344 00:18:11,240 --> 00:18:13,840 Speaker 1: on April seven, eventually coming to rest in the northern 345 00:18:13,840 --> 00:18:17,800 Speaker 1: Bavarian city of Bomberg. Authority in Munich was assumed successively 346 00:18:17,840 --> 00:18:20,440 Speaker 1: by two councils, the first led by an ill assorted 347 00:18:20,440 --> 00:18:23,800 Speaker 1: collection of independent socialists and anarchists, and the second by 348 00:18:23,800 --> 00:18:28,320 Speaker 1: the communists. So two different successive kind of far left 349 00:18:28,320 --> 00:18:32,080 Speaker 1: governments take over through like a revolution basically, but neither 350 00:18:32,160 --> 00:18:34,280 Speaker 1: of them are very good at it right. Neither of 351 00:18:34,280 --> 00:18:37,400 Speaker 1: them really have like the anarchists are way more focused 352 00:18:37,400 --> 00:18:40,160 Speaker 1: on creating public art and stuff um and don't really 353 00:18:40,160 --> 00:18:43,360 Speaker 1: have a great, uh cohesive set of plan to deal 354 00:18:43,400 --> 00:18:46,359 Speaker 1: with the needs of a lot of like uh Moonstionaris, 355 00:18:46,400 --> 00:18:48,399 Speaker 1: I think it is like people of the people of Munich, 356 00:18:48,840 --> 00:18:51,760 Speaker 1: um whereas the communists are kind of they're not really 357 00:18:51,800 --> 00:18:54,239 Speaker 1: that good at building support outside of the people who 358 00:18:54,320 --> 00:18:57,400 Speaker 1: are already involved in their movement. Uh there there spent 359 00:18:57,480 --> 00:19:00,359 Speaker 1: a lot of time going after their political enemies, um 360 00:19:00,440 --> 00:19:03,920 Speaker 1: and again aren't very good at consolidating power. Meanwhile, outside 361 00:19:03,920 --> 00:19:07,680 Speaker 1: the city, conservative forces start regrouping and preparing to invade 362 00:19:07,800 --> 00:19:10,639 Speaker 1: Munich because there's been a left wing revolution. What is 363 00:19:10,680 --> 00:19:12,640 Speaker 1: the right going to do? They're gonna murder everyone they can. 364 00:19:13,280 --> 00:19:15,560 Speaker 1: So the core of this right wing movement where the 365 00:19:15,560 --> 00:19:18,520 Speaker 1: Free Corps um, and that's an organization of right wing 366 00:19:18,600 --> 00:19:21,200 Speaker 1: veterans that you could see is broadly similar to groups 367 00:19:21,240 --> 00:19:24,000 Speaker 1: like the Oath Keepers or the three Percenters today. Now, 368 00:19:24,000 --> 00:19:26,000 Speaker 1: the main difference between these two is the oath Keepers 369 00:19:26,040 --> 00:19:28,439 Speaker 1: and the three Percenters are mostly people dressing up like 370 00:19:28,520 --> 00:19:31,200 Speaker 1: soldiers who if they were in the military, never heard 371 00:19:31,200 --> 00:19:33,560 Speaker 1: a shot fired in anger. The men of the Free 372 00:19:33,600 --> 00:19:36,280 Speaker 1: Corps are hard sons of bitches, like they have They 373 00:19:36,320 --> 00:19:39,199 Speaker 1: have done a ton of killing. They have seen thousands 374 00:19:39,240 --> 00:19:41,919 Speaker 1: die before their eyes, Like a lot of these guys. 375 00:19:41,960 --> 00:19:44,160 Speaker 1: These guys are like veterans of the trenches. So they're 376 00:19:44,200 --> 00:19:47,719 Speaker 1: not they're not playing, you know, like they're not dressing 377 00:19:47,800 --> 00:19:50,680 Speaker 1: up because soldiers look cool. They've they they have been 378 00:19:50,720 --> 00:19:53,200 Speaker 1: so broken by war that it's the only thing they 379 00:19:53,200 --> 00:19:57,360 Speaker 1: can really do, you know, Larkin over here. Yeah, they're 380 00:19:57,400 --> 00:20:00,000 Speaker 1: called the Free Corps, the Free Corp, the Free Corps 381 00:20:00,200 --> 00:20:03,439 Speaker 1: right like where, Yeah so, and the Free Corps. Not 382 00:20:03,520 --> 00:20:05,320 Speaker 1: all these guys. A number of like free core dudes 383 00:20:05,359 --> 00:20:08,040 Speaker 1: actually become anti Nazis later, but a lot of the 384 00:20:08,080 --> 00:20:11,320 Speaker 1: Free Corps are the genesis of what becomes some of 385 00:20:11,359 --> 00:20:13,800 Speaker 1: the Nazi street movements too. And it's kind of like 386 00:20:13,840 --> 00:20:15,480 Speaker 1: we saw with the r d T in Italy right 387 00:20:15,480 --> 00:20:17,720 Speaker 1: where you've got all these veterans. Some of them do 388 00:20:17,840 --> 00:20:19,880 Speaker 1: become some of them just one order and they're more 389 00:20:19,920 --> 00:20:23,280 Speaker 1: Republican than anything. But they'll fight the radical left and 390 00:20:23,320 --> 00:20:25,920 Speaker 1: then they wind up being anti Nazi. Most of them 391 00:20:25,960 --> 00:20:28,200 Speaker 1: go more in a Nazi direction. Some of them wind 392 00:20:28,280 --> 00:20:30,199 Speaker 1: up being kind of more on the left after a 393 00:20:30,200 --> 00:20:33,120 Speaker 1: while because they get, you know, disillusioned by right wing politics. 394 00:20:33,119 --> 00:20:35,680 Speaker 1: But you have this melting pot of soldiers who are 395 00:20:35,720 --> 00:20:38,280 Speaker 1: angry at things, and the bulk of them do go 396 00:20:38,359 --> 00:20:42,880 Speaker 1: to the right. Now. Yeah, so these guys invade and 397 00:20:42,920 --> 00:20:44,879 Speaker 1: they make quick work of the Red forces of the 398 00:20:44,920 --> 00:20:48,320 Speaker 1: Revolutionary Government. I'm gonna quote from macgee's article again. By 399 00:20:48,320 --> 00:20:50,439 Speaker 1: the end of April, the feeble Red forces had been 400 00:20:50,480 --> 00:20:53,600 Speaker 1: pressed back into the environs of Munich itself. At this moment, 401 00:20:53,600 --> 00:20:55,680 Speaker 1: with their backs to the wall, elements of the Red 402 00:20:55,800 --> 00:20:59,320 Speaker 1: Army executed tin hostages. Some of the hostages were members 403 00:20:59,320 --> 00:21:02,119 Speaker 1: of the right radic called Tula Society. Others appeared to 404 00:21:02,119 --> 00:21:04,919 Speaker 1: have been selected almost at random. None of the ten, however, 405 00:21:05,000 --> 00:21:08,200 Speaker 1: had done anything to earn so terrible a retribution with run. 406 00:21:08,240 --> 00:21:11,159 Speaker 1: With one gratuitous act, the leftist defenders of Munich had 407 00:21:11,200 --> 00:21:14,480 Speaker 1: opened the floodgates of violence. The aroused White forces poured 408 00:21:14,520 --> 00:21:17,200 Speaker 1: into the city on May first, bent upon the eradication 409 00:21:17,200 --> 00:21:19,919 Speaker 1: of the Bavarian Soviet Republic and its supporters in the 410 00:21:19,960 --> 00:21:23,480 Speaker 1: most literal sense imaginable. The hardened Free Corps and Army 411 00:21:23,520 --> 00:21:26,160 Speaker 1: troops coursed through the streets of the city, shooting anyone 412 00:21:26,320 --> 00:21:29,880 Speaker 1: who appeared even remotely suspicious. The orgy of execution did 413 00:21:29,920 --> 00:21:32,320 Speaker 1: not stop until May seven, when it was discovered that 414 00:21:32,320 --> 00:21:35,159 Speaker 1: the White forces had mistakenly murdered a group of twenty 415 00:21:35,160 --> 00:21:38,200 Speaker 1: one Catholic school boys. These school boys were by no 416 00:21:38,359 --> 00:21:41,080 Speaker 1: means the only innocence who fell before the guns. Before 417 00:21:41,080 --> 00:21:42,879 Speaker 1: this first wave of killing had come to an end, 418 00:21:42,960 --> 00:21:45,679 Speaker 1: over six hundred individuals had been slain, many of them 419 00:21:45,720 --> 00:21:47,919 Speaker 1: individuals with no connection to the Red Army or the 420 00:21:47,920 --> 00:21:51,160 Speaker 1: Soviet Republic. The revolution, which had begun so peacefully six 421 00:21:51,160 --> 00:21:54,080 Speaker 1: months before, had ended in a blood bath. Order had 422 00:21:54,080 --> 00:21:58,800 Speaker 1: returned to Bavaria. And that's kind of the story of 423 00:21:58,840 --> 00:22:01,240 Speaker 1: the radical left in the rat right, right, you get 424 00:22:01,240 --> 00:22:03,360 Speaker 1: the radical left, some of them go a little bit far. 425 00:22:03,920 --> 00:22:07,000 Speaker 1: They killed ten people, and the right murder six hundred people, 426 00:22:07,040 --> 00:22:14,680 Speaker 1: including several dozen schoolboys. Yeah, got dog man, Yeah, I 427 00:22:16,760 --> 00:22:20,880 Speaker 1: hearing about this just this time in the world and 428 00:22:20,960 --> 00:22:27,639 Speaker 1: being a you know, albeit African American male, But the 429 00:22:27,760 --> 00:22:31,000 Speaker 1: reality is I live in America, you know that like 430 00:22:32,359 --> 00:22:35,359 Speaker 1: in this in this era that like the type of 431 00:22:35,480 --> 00:22:39,840 Speaker 1: violence these people endured all the time, you know, and instability, 432 00:22:39,960 --> 00:22:42,439 Speaker 1: Like it's just we really can't get our brain around 433 00:22:42,440 --> 00:22:45,720 Speaker 1: that six hundred Yeah, you know, it was six hundred 434 00:22:45,760 --> 00:22:48,560 Speaker 1: people at least, like they murder a whole school of 435 00:22:48,640 --> 00:22:56,000 Speaker 1: Catholic children, you know, famous leftists the Catholic school. Yeah, right, 436 00:22:57,320 --> 00:22:59,439 Speaker 1: I mean to be actually, if we're being honest, like 437 00:22:59,480 --> 00:23:02,680 Speaker 1: one of the in Germany, the anti fascists were a 438 00:23:02,720 --> 00:23:08,040 Speaker 1: mix of anarchists, communists, social Democrats, and Catholics. A lot 439 00:23:08,080 --> 00:23:12,280 Speaker 1: of very traditional conservative Catholics were anti fascists because they 440 00:23:12,280 --> 00:23:15,159 Speaker 1: were against the Nazis, right, and they still believed some 441 00:23:15,440 --> 00:23:17,520 Speaker 1: pretty messed up stuff. You're talking about Catholics in the 442 00:23:17,560 --> 00:23:21,320 Speaker 1: thirties and forties. But um, we're not Nazis, you know, 443 00:23:21,400 --> 00:23:22,840 Speaker 1: And you get a lot of credit in my book 444 00:23:22,840 --> 00:23:25,800 Speaker 1: if you're anti Nazi, regardless of what you believe in 445 00:23:25,800 --> 00:23:28,600 Speaker 1: that all the other stuff I can say this about you. Yeah, 446 00:23:29,080 --> 00:23:31,520 Speaker 1: but you know, this does kind of everything that's happening 447 00:23:31,520 --> 00:23:33,760 Speaker 1: in Germany in this period makes it clear what I 448 00:23:33,840 --> 00:23:37,640 Speaker 1: what I kind of consistently think is the most the 449 00:23:37,680 --> 00:23:40,040 Speaker 1: thing that we have going for us the most in 450 00:23:40,080 --> 00:23:44,320 Speaker 1: our present struggle against fascism, which is that our fascists 451 00:23:44,680 --> 00:23:49,000 Speaker 1: are they're fucking whimps for the most part, right, most 452 00:23:49,040 --> 00:23:52,119 Speaker 1: of them have never seen heavy combat. They have not 453 00:23:52,320 --> 00:23:55,760 Speaker 1: seen people shot to death. They haven't shot anyone to death, 454 00:23:55,800 --> 00:23:58,920 Speaker 1: they have not been in like That's why a lot 455 00:23:58,960 --> 00:24:00,879 Speaker 1: of them started to run as soon as like the 456 00:24:00,880 --> 00:24:05,359 Speaker 1: police started really using force the fascists, the Nazis, the 457 00:24:05,400 --> 00:24:08,600 Speaker 1: O G Nazis. Most of them are hard, hard people. 458 00:24:08,840 --> 00:24:13,520 Speaker 1: Hitler is an incredibly physically tough man. Like Hitler is 459 00:24:13,560 --> 00:24:15,840 Speaker 1: a guy who got into street fights with a whip, 460 00:24:16,000 --> 00:24:21,440 Speaker 1: you know, Like, these are these are rough people, um 461 00:24:21,760 --> 00:24:24,639 Speaker 1: and I that's one of the things we have going 462 00:24:24,680 --> 00:24:27,359 Speaker 1: for us is that most of ours just aren't that tough, 463 00:24:27,600 --> 00:24:31,240 Speaker 1: you know. Um. Yeah. There's like this weird like combo 464 00:24:31,320 --> 00:24:33,719 Speaker 1: of like there's you're not that tough, but you have 465 00:24:33,760 --> 00:24:37,159 Speaker 1: something to prove, so you're gonna be so you're dangerous 466 00:24:37,240 --> 00:24:39,920 Speaker 1: because you have something to prove, right, But then there's 467 00:24:40,600 --> 00:24:44,159 Speaker 1: you are tough and you have something to prove and 468 00:24:44,280 --> 00:24:46,320 Speaker 1: you ain't scared, you know. I'm like, yeah, that's a 469 00:24:46,400 --> 00:24:50,719 Speaker 1: toll that. That's a totally different situation. Yeah. Yeah. Like 470 00:24:50,760 --> 00:24:52,840 Speaker 1: you'll see a lot of folks in our far right 471 00:24:52,960 --> 00:24:56,200 Speaker 1: dress up in you know, plate carriers and carry guns 472 00:24:56,240 --> 00:24:59,880 Speaker 1: and look like soldiers. The Nazis did that too, They 473 00:25:00,000 --> 00:25:03,480 Speaker 1: war military. They dressed like German stormtroopers, and most of 474 00:25:03,520 --> 00:25:05,840 Speaker 1: them had been right when they dressed like the guys 475 00:25:05,880 --> 00:25:08,440 Speaker 1: who charged through trenches with an axe in one hand 476 00:25:08,440 --> 00:25:11,080 Speaker 1: and a handgun in another. It's because they charged through 477 00:25:11,119 --> 00:25:13,240 Speaker 1: trenches with an axe in one hand and a handgun 478 00:25:13,240 --> 00:25:15,880 Speaker 1: in another. You know, Yeah, and I know you've seen 479 00:25:15,920 --> 00:25:18,680 Speaker 1: that look, bro as a tangent, but like as much 480 00:25:18,680 --> 00:25:20,639 Speaker 1: as you've trapped as any war zones you've been in, 481 00:25:21,040 --> 00:25:23,359 Speaker 1: and then even here, like you can see it in 482 00:25:23,400 --> 00:25:26,359 Speaker 1: a person's eyes to where you're like, oh, yeah, you'll 483 00:25:26,400 --> 00:25:29,600 Speaker 1: cut me, you will cut my throat. You're not, you 484 00:25:29,680 --> 00:25:31,479 Speaker 1: won't think twice, You'll cut my throat, Like you can 485 00:25:31,600 --> 00:25:34,639 Speaker 1: see it in a person's eyes. Yeah, it's the willingness, 486 00:25:34,680 --> 00:25:36,840 Speaker 1: it's it's the people, and you can really see it 487 00:25:36,840 --> 00:25:39,280 Speaker 1: in a lot of folks eyes, the folks for whom 488 00:25:39,320 --> 00:25:42,720 Speaker 1: doing violence is the same as like turning the page 489 00:25:42,720 --> 00:25:45,159 Speaker 1: in a book, right, Like it doesn't require a switch 490 00:25:45,240 --> 00:25:49,280 Speaker 1: in their mental circuitry. Yeah, they're just ready, you know, 491 00:25:50,200 --> 00:25:52,640 Speaker 1: and most of them aren't that. Most of the far 492 00:25:52,800 --> 00:25:55,080 Speaker 1: right in Munich in this period are that kind of person. 493 00:25:55,200 --> 00:25:57,440 Speaker 1: You know, You've got folks like Heinrich Hemler who were 494 00:25:57,440 --> 00:25:59,440 Speaker 1: too young and who want to be that and are 495 00:25:59,520 --> 00:26:01,760 Speaker 1: playing at it. But a lot of them are really 496 00:26:01,800 --> 00:26:05,919 Speaker 1: tough people. So mainstream Munich, which you know, after the 497 00:26:06,000 --> 00:26:08,640 Speaker 1: right comes in and massacres everybody, it's still like kind 498 00:26:08,680 --> 00:26:10,720 Speaker 1: of the liberals who are in charge of the government 499 00:26:10,720 --> 00:26:12,880 Speaker 1: for about a year after this point, you know, kind 500 00:26:12,880 --> 00:26:15,920 Speaker 1: of the mainstream center left, and they blamed the far 501 00:26:16,040 --> 00:26:18,320 Speaker 1: left for everything, even though the vast majority of the 502 00:26:18,400 --> 00:26:20,879 Speaker 1: killing had been done by folks that were basically proto 503 00:26:20,920 --> 00:26:24,760 Speaker 1: fascists um and among other things, the fact that the 504 00:26:24,840 --> 00:26:27,920 Speaker 1: left had taken over the city briefly helped to incite 505 00:26:27,920 --> 00:26:31,320 Speaker 1: and fuel an extremely active right wing malicious scenes. So 506 00:26:31,400 --> 00:26:34,800 Speaker 1: all of these different street militias of armed young men 507 00:26:35,400 --> 00:26:38,400 Speaker 1: start to form up during this period of time. So 508 00:26:38,600 --> 00:26:41,280 Speaker 1: different groups of angry young men, many of them veterans, 509 00:26:41,359 --> 00:26:43,480 Speaker 1: got together to fight the reds and then share their 510 00:26:43,480 --> 00:26:46,479 Speaker 1: city would never fall to the left again again. A 511 00:26:46,520 --> 00:26:48,720 Speaker 1: liberal government is in charge for the next year, but 512 00:26:48,840 --> 00:26:51,919 Speaker 1: after the Free Corps and the army come in, the 513 00:26:52,040 --> 00:26:55,000 Speaker 1: real power in Munich is with the military and the police, 514 00:26:55,119 --> 00:26:58,480 Speaker 1: and the dominant political ideology in the city among both 515 00:26:58,480 --> 00:27:00,800 Speaker 1: the center left and center right comes a thirst for 516 00:27:01,000 --> 00:27:03,760 Speaker 1: order above all else, right, which you can understand, like 517 00:27:03,800 --> 00:27:05,760 Speaker 1: these people aren't just going through like a lot of 518 00:27:05,840 --> 00:27:08,400 Speaker 1: Americans just want order at this point after the last 519 00:27:08,400 --> 00:27:10,800 Speaker 1: four years, and we didn't go through a war that 520 00:27:10,920 --> 00:27:12,560 Speaker 1: killed like what one out of every ten of our 521 00:27:12,640 --> 00:27:15,920 Speaker 1: young men something like that. Yeah, their calls for law 522 00:27:15,920 --> 00:27:18,560 Speaker 1: and order are understandable. Yeah, I think they're you know, 523 00:27:18,920 --> 00:27:21,720 Speaker 1: the history will show it was the wrong way to 524 00:27:21,800 --> 00:27:24,600 Speaker 1: go about it, But you have to be more sympathetic 525 00:27:24,640 --> 00:27:26,640 Speaker 1: to them than the people calling for now like well, 526 00:27:26,880 --> 00:27:29,399 Speaker 1: you can't even imagine. No one in in America can 527 00:27:29,440 --> 00:27:34,320 Speaker 1: imagine we have no Yeah, exactly. Um. So, Ernest Pohner 528 00:27:34,440 --> 00:27:36,159 Speaker 1: was one of the first men who stepped in to 529 00:27:36,320 --> 00:27:39,160 Speaker 1: fill this need for order. And he'd been enraged by 530 00:27:39,200 --> 00:27:42,320 Speaker 1: Eisner and you know, even more enraged by the Soviet 531 00:27:42,359 --> 00:27:45,359 Speaker 1: Republic that briefly took charge of Munich. Um and so 532 00:27:45,440 --> 00:27:47,439 Speaker 1: he gets promoted to be the head of the Munich 533 00:27:47,440 --> 00:27:49,800 Speaker 1: Police Force in May of nineteen nineteen. And he's fresh 534 00:27:49,800 --> 00:27:52,719 Speaker 1: back from commanding a regiment in World War One at 535 00:27:52,760 --> 00:27:55,359 Speaker 1: this point, and as soon as he's put in, you know, 536 00:27:55,400 --> 00:27:57,359 Speaker 1: in charge of the police force, he sets to work 537 00:27:57,400 --> 00:28:00,520 Speaker 1: not just crushing Marxism but doing everything he can to 538 00:28:00,640 --> 00:28:03,920 Speaker 1: encourage the growth of the radical right in Munich. Now, 539 00:28:03,960 --> 00:28:06,400 Speaker 1: the radical right there were a number of different parties 540 00:28:06,440 --> 00:28:08,359 Speaker 1: at this period, but the one that would come to 541 00:28:08,440 --> 00:28:11,280 Speaker 1: dominate the Munich far right scene was of course, the 542 00:28:11,359 --> 00:28:14,560 Speaker 1: National Socialist German Workers Party the n s d a P. 543 00:28:15,119 --> 00:28:17,720 Speaker 1: They were founded in February of nineteen twenty by a 544 00:28:17,760 --> 00:28:20,320 Speaker 1: fellow named Anton Drexler. A lot of people don't know this. 545 00:28:20,359 --> 00:28:22,840 Speaker 1: Hitler didn't start the Nazi Party. He wasn't involved at 546 00:28:22,880 --> 00:28:26,200 Speaker 1: the very beginning. It was a locksmith named Drexler who 547 00:28:26,200 --> 00:28:29,080 Speaker 1: had been involved previously in a bunch of other fanatical 548 00:28:29,200 --> 00:28:33,159 Speaker 1: nationalist parties. Now, from the beginning, the n s d 549 00:28:33,280 --> 00:28:35,040 Speaker 1: a P. And they're not the Nazis at this point, 550 00:28:35,040 --> 00:28:37,439 Speaker 1: nobody calls them that yet. That that that takes for 551 00:28:37,480 --> 00:28:39,360 Speaker 1: a while later, So at this point called him the 552 00:28:39,440 --> 00:28:42,480 Speaker 1: National Socialists or the n s d AP. Their goal 553 00:28:42,600 --> 00:28:46,000 Speaker 1: initially was to be the party of the German middle class. 554 00:28:46,040 --> 00:28:49,000 Speaker 1: And I think you'll remember that from our episode on Italy. YEP. 555 00:28:49,320 --> 00:28:53,360 Speaker 1: Drexler sought robust social aid programs for arians. So he 556 00:28:53,400 --> 00:28:56,960 Speaker 1: wanted socialism four arians, right, and he wanted anyone who 557 00:28:57,000 --> 00:28:59,880 Speaker 1: was not to not be in his fucking country. That 558 00:29:00,160 --> 00:29:05,160 Speaker 1: that yeah. Now, at the onset, the National Socialists were 559 00:29:05,160 --> 00:29:09,120 Speaker 1: a small and secretive group of about sixty people. Now, 560 00:29:09,240 --> 00:29:12,400 Speaker 1: the reichs Wear, which is Germany's post war army becomes 561 00:29:12,400 --> 00:29:15,560 Speaker 1: immediately concerned with this small party, namely because they were 562 00:29:15,560 --> 00:29:18,800 Speaker 1: afraid that it might have subversive or revolutionary goals. Right, 563 00:29:18,840 --> 00:29:20,920 Speaker 1: the Army is definitely more anti left than right, but 564 00:29:20,960 --> 00:29:22,840 Speaker 1: they're concerned about anyone who might be a threat to 565 00:29:22,960 --> 00:29:25,480 Speaker 1: order in this period, So they decided to send in 566 00:29:25,520 --> 00:29:27,920 Speaker 1: a spy to look at this young starting party and 567 00:29:27,960 --> 00:29:30,120 Speaker 1: figure out if it's a threat. And the spy they 568 00:29:30,160 --> 00:29:37,640 Speaker 1: send is a young German corporal named Adolf Hitler. Like 569 00:29:38,320 --> 00:29:41,320 Speaker 1: of of all the times, I mean like of So 570 00:29:41,600 --> 00:29:44,520 Speaker 1: there's so much of world history that fascinates me, but 571 00:29:44,800 --> 00:29:50,000 Speaker 1: this moment, this time, this time, the in between wars, 572 00:29:50,800 --> 00:29:54,640 Speaker 1: this time is so interesting to me. U is it 573 00:29:54,800 --> 00:29:57,040 Speaker 1: so interesting that we should take an ad break for 574 00:29:57,080 --> 00:30:00,080 Speaker 1: a suspect. Yeah, you know who won't send Hitler and 575 00:30:00,920 --> 00:30:05,800 Speaker 1: to infiltrate a radical political party and then become its head. 576 00:30:07,160 --> 00:30:11,920 Speaker 1: Our sponsors, They will not, our sponsors have never ordered 577 00:30:11,920 --> 00:30:16,200 Speaker 1: Adolf Hitler to infiltrate right wing politics. That for a fact, 578 00:30:16,480 --> 00:30:21,000 Speaker 1: Absolutely certain. Yes, I'm a bastard for that transition. By 579 00:30:21,040 --> 00:30:30,520 Speaker 1: the way, that was a great transition. Oh my gosh, 580 00:30:30,600 --> 00:30:35,360 Speaker 1: we have returned and I am just loving talking about 581 00:30:35,960 --> 00:30:43,160 Speaker 1: some old h bomb hittie hits h bombay. Uh here 582 00:30:43,320 --> 00:30:45,920 Speaker 1: here's what you could do. Here's what you can do 583 00:30:46,000 --> 00:30:48,920 Speaker 1: for these people, which is some of the Uh well, 584 00:30:48,960 --> 00:30:51,240 Speaker 1: I don't get into these Gussies anymore because they're ridiculous. 585 00:30:51,280 --> 00:30:56,360 Speaker 1: But um, help these people understand this party having to 586 00:30:56,560 --> 00:31:00,920 Speaker 1: term socialists in it, but they're not socialists, like yeah, yeah, 587 00:31:01,000 --> 00:31:06,240 Speaker 1: help them understand net. It's just they're they're national socialists, 588 00:31:06,280 --> 00:31:09,560 Speaker 1: which means which means they're they're kind of and in 589 00:31:09,600 --> 00:31:12,440 Speaker 1: their conception that means that, like, we seek a socialist 590 00:31:12,480 --> 00:31:15,720 Speaker 1: state for members of our race, so we want to 591 00:31:16,000 --> 00:31:18,120 Speaker 1: and and some of that was just was just lies 592 00:31:18,240 --> 00:31:21,240 Speaker 1: because the Germans, a lot of stuff is happening here. 593 00:31:21,240 --> 00:31:23,880 Speaker 1: For one thing, the left is very powerful in Germany 594 00:31:23,960 --> 00:31:26,400 Speaker 1: during this point. The Communists are beating the Nazis for 595 00:31:26,520 --> 00:31:28,959 Speaker 1: the most part in elections through most of this history. 596 00:31:29,400 --> 00:31:33,280 Speaker 1: So and they're both competing for people who have been radicalized, 597 00:31:33,400 --> 00:31:35,680 Speaker 1: like we talked about last time, people who have accepted 598 00:31:35,720 --> 00:31:37,719 Speaker 1: that the system is fucked. A lot of them can 599 00:31:37,760 --> 00:31:39,920 Speaker 1: go left or right. So the Nazis have to be 600 00:31:39,960 --> 00:31:41,840 Speaker 1: reaching out to the workers, have to be trying to 601 00:31:41,880 --> 00:31:45,040 Speaker 1: recruit from that. And there's also you know, you are 602 00:31:45,200 --> 00:31:48,080 Speaker 1: talking about a period of time in which the German 603 00:31:48,120 --> 00:31:51,320 Speaker 1: economy is it's like five point seven billion marks to 604 00:31:51,360 --> 00:31:54,560 Speaker 1: the dollar. Like Germany is a nation of trillionaires who 605 00:31:54,640 --> 00:31:58,440 Speaker 1: can't afford food. So you have to be able to 606 00:31:58,480 --> 00:32:01,040 Speaker 1: speak to these people and promise them some sort of aid. 607 00:32:01,440 --> 00:32:03,400 Speaker 1: And that was a big part. And and the way 608 00:32:03,480 --> 00:32:07,080 Speaker 1: basically the left is like everybody deserves to be taken 609 00:32:07,120 --> 00:32:09,040 Speaker 1: care of. We need to take money away from these 610 00:32:09,040 --> 00:32:12,440 Speaker 1: We need to nationalize industries, we need to nationalize corporations, 611 00:32:12,760 --> 00:32:14,800 Speaker 1: we need to give the means of production to workers. 612 00:32:14,840 --> 00:32:17,440 Speaker 1: The Germans are basically like we need to take money 613 00:32:17,440 --> 00:32:20,360 Speaker 1: away from the Jews and businesses away from the Jews 614 00:32:20,480 --> 00:32:23,960 Speaker 1: and give it to arians, right because of them. Yeah, 615 00:32:24,520 --> 00:32:29,000 Speaker 1: the idea of like accepting the fact that, like you 616 00:32:29,240 --> 00:32:33,280 Speaker 1: lost this war. I feel like that's what's so that 617 00:32:33,440 --> 00:32:35,479 Speaker 1: this is part of what's interesting me about this season 618 00:32:35,840 --> 00:32:40,240 Speaker 1: to this time in history, because it's like you couldn't 619 00:32:40,240 --> 00:32:42,640 Speaker 1: get your brain around the fact that y'all just lost, 620 00:32:43,520 --> 00:32:46,880 Speaker 1: Like it just you lost. You drained your economy on 621 00:32:46,920 --> 00:32:49,440 Speaker 1: a war that you shouldn't have been in the first place. Again, 622 00:32:49,520 --> 00:32:54,040 Speaker 1: nothing that sounds similar to this country today exactly. Just hey, bro, 623 00:32:54,200 --> 00:32:56,680 Speaker 1: you take it on a chint. You lost, you know 624 00:32:56,680 --> 00:32:59,960 Speaker 1: what I'm saying, Let's figure this out. Were you looking for? Like, well, 625 00:33:00,040 --> 00:33:03,680 Speaker 1: we just lost because of them? Like well anyway, Yeah, 626 00:33:03,840 --> 00:33:06,760 Speaker 1: none of this is familiar. And it's also when we're 627 00:33:06,800 --> 00:33:09,520 Speaker 1: talking about sort of socialism within the Nazis. One thing 628 00:33:09,560 --> 00:33:11,960 Speaker 1: people do need to understand is that in the early 629 00:33:12,080 --> 00:33:14,240 Speaker 1: period and this hasn't even really evolved yet in the 630 00:33:14,280 --> 00:33:16,640 Speaker 1: episode we're talking about. This is more in like the 631 00:33:16,760 --> 00:33:19,600 Speaker 1: later twenties, there's a left wing and a right wing 632 00:33:19,640 --> 00:33:23,080 Speaker 1: of the Nazi Party. There are Nazis who are anti capitalist. 633 00:33:23,560 --> 00:33:26,400 Speaker 1: The Night of Long Knives is the right wing of 634 00:33:26,400 --> 00:33:28,680 Speaker 1: the Nazi Party, which is the dominant chunk of the party, 635 00:33:28,840 --> 00:33:31,080 Speaker 1: murdering all of those ps. Which is not to say 636 00:33:31,120 --> 00:33:32,680 Speaker 1: the left wing of the Nazi Party weren't a bunch 637 00:33:32,680 --> 00:33:36,840 Speaker 1: of hideous racist monsters. They were, Um, they just believed 638 00:33:36,880 --> 00:33:39,800 Speaker 1: slightly different things and were then murdered, right Like. That's 639 00:33:39,880 --> 00:33:41,560 Speaker 1: that's what the Knight of Long Knives was, was a 640 00:33:41,640 --> 00:33:44,640 Speaker 1: purging of the kind of more socialist elements within the 641 00:33:44,680 --> 00:33:47,360 Speaker 1: Nazi Party that they needed to kind of get into 642 00:33:47,360 --> 00:33:49,760 Speaker 1: power and get enough workers behind them that they could, 643 00:33:49,840 --> 00:33:53,959 Speaker 1: you know, um take the streets. Um so. Again, a 644 00:33:53,960 --> 00:33:57,880 Speaker 1: lot of Chairman, his political history is incredibly complicated in 645 00:33:57,960 --> 00:34:01,320 Speaker 1: this period, so much is going on, um and again, 646 00:34:02,240 --> 00:34:05,800 Speaker 1: like people who are convinced that the system needs to 647 00:34:05,840 --> 00:34:10,480 Speaker 1: be destroyed will often have some stuff in common with 648 00:34:10,520 --> 00:34:12,480 Speaker 1: each other, which is what you do see Nazis and 649 00:34:12,520 --> 00:34:16,400 Speaker 1: communists on a couple of occasions, like fight together against 650 00:34:16,400 --> 00:34:19,359 Speaker 1: police in the state, not because they agree with each other, 651 00:34:19,440 --> 00:34:22,200 Speaker 1: but because they agree on the fact that the state 652 00:34:22,280 --> 00:34:25,920 Speaker 1: is ship. Um you know, it's it's a very messy 653 00:34:26,000 --> 00:34:29,319 Speaker 1: time because everything is falling apart. Again, I'm sure Americans 654 00:34:29,360 --> 00:34:35,319 Speaker 1: can identify with that. Um so. Yeah. This Hitler's you know, 655 00:34:35,560 --> 00:34:38,960 Speaker 1: commanding officer sends him to infiltrate this far right group 656 00:34:38,960 --> 00:34:41,440 Speaker 1: and learn if it's like a threat to the German government, 657 00:34:41,640 --> 00:34:43,520 Speaker 1: which I think you have to count as like one 658 00:34:43,560 --> 00:34:47,080 Speaker 1: of the worst decisions ever made, like calculation and I 659 00:34:47,080 --> 00:34:49,680 Speaker 1: don't know if anything's ever backfired more than be like, oh, 660 00:34:49,760 --> 00:34:51,120 Speaker 1: we don't want to we we want to make sure 661 00:34:51,120 --> 00:34:53,400 Speaker 1: these guys don't overthrow the government. Send Hitler in the 662 00:34:53,520 --> 00:34:57,560 Speaker 1: checkout him yeah yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah yeah yeah. 663 00:34:57,560 --> 00:35:02,279 Speaker 1: Mostly underestimated big so Hitler at the time was an 664 00:35:02,320 --> 00:35:06,319 Speaker 1: angry young man, still suffering from his war injuries. He'd 665 00:35:06,360 --> 00:35:08,200 Speaker 1: been pretty badly messed up at the front, and he'd 666 00:35:08,239 --> 00:35:10,440 Speaker 1: been at the front for about four straight years. So 667 00:35:10,520 --> 00:35:14,480 Speaker 1: he's he's riddled with PTSD and physically injured, and he's 668 00:35:14,520 --> 00:35:16,799 Speaker 1: adrift in a nation on the verge of collapse. The 669 00:35:16,840 --> 00:35:19,680 Speaker 1: economy is in free fall. People don't have jobs, and 670 00:35:19,760 --> 00:35:21,640 Speaker 1: Hitler's kind of One of the reasons he does this 671 00:35:21,719 --> 00:35:24,239 Speaker 1: is he's desperate to not get kicked out of the military. 672 00:35:24,320 --> 00:35:27,160 Speaker 1: Most soldiers are released from the military after the war. 673 00:35:27,520 --> 00:35:29,640 Speaker 1: He hangs onto his job for a while, and this 674 00:35:29,719 --> 00:35:32,520 Speaker 1: is how and he needs the fucking money, right, so 675 00:35:32,840 --> 00:35:34,839 Speaker 1: he takes this gig. He goes in and shows up 676 00:35:34,840 --> 00:35:36,840 Speaker 1: at a meeting or two of the Nazi Party, and 677 00:35:36,880 --> 00:35:40,399 Speaker 1: he finds himself kind of enthralled by the group's discussions. Now, 678 00:35:40,560 --> 00:35:43,200 Speaker 1: one of the party's early members was a fellow named 679 00:35:43,239 --> 00:35:46,600 Speaker 1: Dietrich Eckert. Now Eckert was an anti Semitic poet, and 680 00:35:46,680 --> 00:35:50,160 Speaker 1: most historians consider him to be the spiritual founder of 681 00:35:50,200 --> 00:35:54,000 Speaker 1: the Nazi Party. Hitler himself, in some private writings, described 682 00:35:54,000 --> 00:35:57,920 Speaker 1: Eckert as the spiritual founder of Nazism. Now, Eckert was 683 00:35:58,040 --> 00:36:01,560 Speaker 1: all about nationalism and saving Germany from the Jewish menace 684 00:36:01,640 --> 00:36:04,560 Speaker 1: that he believed had lost the war for her bereft 685 00:36:04,560 --> 00:36:07,520 Speaker 1: of a Kaiser. Dietrich became convinced that an Aryan hero 686 00:36:07,760 --> 00:36:10,479 Speaker 1: was needed to save the German race, and he spent 687 00:36:10,560 --> 00:36:12,479 Speaker 1: a lot of his time thinking about who that hero 688 00:36:12,719 --> 00:36:15,560 Speaker 1: might be. And I'm gonna quote Dietrich here. This is 689 00:36:15,600 --> 00:36:18,839 Speaker 1: talking about like what he believes is necessary to save Germany. Yeah, 690 00:36:19,680 --> 00:36:22,680 Speaker 1: the rabble has to be scared shitless. I can't use 691 00:36:22,719 --> 00:36:25,279 Speaker 1: an officer, by which he means a military officer. The 692 00:36:25,320 --> 00:36:28,239 Speaker 1: people no longer have any respect for them. Best of 693 00:36:28,239 --> 00:36:30,279 Speaker 1: all would be a worker who's got his mouth in 694 00:36:30,320 --> 00:36:33,759 Speaker 1: the right place. He doesn't need much intelligence. Politics is 695 00:36:33,800 --> 00:36:41,719 Speaker 1: the stupidest business in the world, right, I mean, politics 696 00:36:42,000 --> 00:36:49,080 Speaker 1: is the stupidest. Yeah, you have to see Eckard is 697 00:36:49,120 --> 00:36:51,080 Speaker 1: in a lot of ways one of the most effective 698 00:36:51,280 --> 00:36:55,520 Speaker 1: and like political thinkers of all time. He's absolutely right 699 00:36:55,600 --> 00:37:00,040 Speaker 1: about how to take over German democracy. It succeeds, a 700 00:37:00,080 --> 00:37:04,080 Speaker 1: plan works. Yeah, he turns out he was right. Yeah. Now, 701 00:37:04,239 --> 00:37:07,200 Speaker 1: during one early Nazi party meeting, a professor got up 702 00:37:07,200 --> 00:37:10,000 Speaker 1: and made an impassioned argument about why Bavaria needed to 703 00:37:10,040 --> 00:37:13,000 Speaker 1: seceed from Germany. Hitler got enraged by this, and he 704 00:37:13,000 --> 00:37:16,200 Speaker 1: starts screaming at this professor and he's so eloquent in 705 00:37:16,239 --> 00:37:18,960 Speaker 1: his arguments about like why Germany needs to stay together, 706 00:37:19,320 --> 00:37:22,360 Speaker 1: that like everyone who's there is just struck by his 707 00:37:22,360 --> 00:37:25,360 Speaker 1: his skill as a speaker. Um, And this professor actually 708 00:37:25,440 --> 00:37:28,200 Speaker 1: like flees the room in in shame because he can't 709 00:37:28,200 --> 00:37:31,319 Speaker 1: like argue against Hitler. And yeah, this convinces all of 710 00:37:31,320 --> 00:37:33,759 Speaker 1: the party leaders at the time that Hitler had a 711 00:37:33,840 --> 00:37:36,160 Speaker 1: future as an orator, that he could be like a 712 00:37:36,200 --> 00:37:40,319 Speaker 1: big voice for spreading the party's propaganda. So they start 713 00:37:40,360 --> 00:37:43,120 Speaker 1: having Hitler gift speeches and they're right, Like he's able 714 00:37:43,160 --> 00:37:45,400 Speaker 1: to draw a crowd. That guy is a good public speaker. 715 00:37:45,800 --> 00:37:47,920 Speaker 1: He gets better and better about it over time, and 716 00:37:47,960 --> 00:37:50,360 Speaker 1: in short order he's the most prominent member of the 717 00:37:50,440 --> 00:37:54,520 Speaker 1: National Socialist Party and the soon it's figurehead. Now the 718 00:37:54,640 --> 00:37:57,799 Speaker 1: Nazis grew quickly at this point, drawing in other disaffected 719 00:37:57,880 --> 00:38:01,200 Speaker 1: veterans like Herman Gearing and Ernst Rome. Him. Now, Rome 720 00:38:01,239 --> 00:38:03,680 Speaker 1: had been a stormtrooper and he's a really interesting guy. 721 00:38:03,719 --> 00:38:05,640 Speaker 1: He's one of the members who's purged in the Night 722 00:38:05,680 --> 00:38:08,040 Speaker 1: of Long Knives. So he had in World War One 723 00:38:08,080 --> 00:38:11,040 Speaker 1: been like a Special Forces guy, an elite assault trooper. 724 00:38:11,080 --> 00:38:14,360 Speaker 1: He's covered head to toe in scars. His nickname because 725 00:38:14,360 --> 00:38:16,480 Speaker 1: he has so many connections in the military. He's able 726 00:38:16,520 --> 00:38:19,560 Speaker 1: to get like heavy machine guns for these militias and 727 00:38:19,600 --> 00:38:22,279 Speaker 1: stuff like have them smuggled out illegally from the army 728 00:38:22,320 --> 00:38:24,920 Speaker 1: to these right wing groups. They call him the machine 729 00:38:24,920 --> 00:38:29,480 Speaker 1: Gun King, which is an objectively cool nickname. No, Rome 730 00:38:29,600 --> 00:38:33,239 Speaker 1: is a terrifying person um and and it's just like 731 00:38:33,280 --> 00:38:35,040 Speaker 1: a like and if you want to think about his 732 00:38:35,400 --> 00:38:37,440 Speaker 1: the way he's seen by a lot of the radical 733 00:38:37,520 --> 00:38:39,479 Speaker 1: right at this point point in Germany. You think about 734 00:38:39,480 --> 00:38:42,080 Speaker 1: a guy like Chris Kyle, right, the American Sniper, how 735 00:38:42,080 --> 00:38:45,560 Speaker 1: Republicans talk about him. Rome was that sort of legend. 736 00:38:45,600 --> 00:38:52,080 Speaker 1: He's just this absolute legendary brawler, a warrior. He's also 737 00:38:52,560 --> 00:38:56,279 Speaker 1: very almost openly gay, which is why he's murdered in 738 00:38:56,280 --> 00:38:58,480 Speaker 1: the light Night of Long Knives, right, is because like 739 00:38:58,560 --> 00:39:00,840 Speaker 1: Hitler doesn't want that kind of ad pr He's a 740 00:39:00,960 --> 00:39:04,600 Speaker 1: very interesting guy. Um. Yeah, he's a tough He's a 741 00:39:04,600 --> 00:39:07,440 Speaker 1: tough and that's like a huge factor in you know 742 00:39:07,480 --> 00:39:09,719 Speaker 1: there there again we talked about all these kind of 743 00:39:09,760 --> 00:39:13,040 Speaker 1: countercultural movements coming together. You see versions of this within 744 00:39:13,080 --> 00:39:15,799 Speaker 1: the Proud Boys too, right like where and that's a 745 00:39:15,840 --> 00:39:18,279 Speaker 1: big part of Like at the time, what you know, 746 00:39:18,400 --> 00:39:21,880 Speaker 1: Romes sexuality wasn't something that they advertised. Now it is 747 00:39:21,960 --> 00:39:23,799 Speaker 1: kind of an advertising point where it's like, hey, we're 748 00:39:23,800 --> 00:39:26,120 Speaker 1: not white nationalists, like look, you know our leaders, this 749 00:39:26,840 --> 00:39:29,160 Speaker 1: our leader is like a black guy. We've got all 750 00:39:29,160 --> 00:39:32,160 Speaker 1: these gay people, like, we couldn't possibly be fascists. And 751 00:39:32,160 --> 00:39:35,120 Speaker 1: it's like, no, no, no, The fascists have had always 752 00:39:35,160 --> 00:39:38,480 Speaker 1: at the start a lot of different people represented as 753 00:39:38,480 --> 00:39:40,680 Speaker 1: long as they're violent. Now, once they get into power, 754 00:39:40,719 --> 00:39:46,480 Speaker 1: they murder those people. Yeah, Rome doesn't last after Hitler 755 00:39:46,520 --> 00:39:51,400 Speaker 1: gets into power. No no, no, no. But Hitler's happy 756 00:39:51,440 --> 00:39:53,759 Speaker 1: to be his friend when he needs to be up. 757 00:39:54,000 --> 00:39:56,840 Speaker 1: The finesse on that kid, Hitler, Man, it's just that 758 00:39:56,960 --> 00:40:00,480 Speaker 1: the finesse is ridiculous, Like yeah, yeah, any you can't 759 00:40:01,440 --> 00:40:04,480 Speaker 1: finesse is ridiculous. Anyway, Hitler starts attracting these war heres 760 00:40:04,480 --> 00:40:06,720 Speaker 1: because Garing is also herman. Garring is like a fighter 761 00:40:06,800 --> 00:40:08,880 Speaker 1: ace and he's very handsome as a young man. Like 762 00:40:08,920 --> 00:40:12,120 Speaker 1: everyone knows like the obese heroin addicted garing that like, 763 00:40:12,520 --> 00:40:15,160 Speaker 1: you know, gets caricatured when he's a young man. He's 764 00:40:15,200 --> 00:40:18,160 Speaker 1: this like very handsome, prominent look like he looks like 765 00:40:18,160 --> 00:40:21,399 Speaker 1: a movie star, and he's a legendary fighter pilot. You've 766 00:40:21,400 --> 00:40:23,920 Speaker 1: got Ernst Rome, who's just like tough as nails, and 767 00:40:23,960 --> 00:40:27,160 Speaker 1: all of these like war heroes start joining the Nazi ranks, 768 00:40:27,160 --> 00:40:29,160 Speaker 1: which of course brings in more guys from the far 769 00:40:29,280 --> 00:40:33,359 Speaker 1: right because you've got all as a young man. Yeah, 770 00:40:33,440 --> 00:40:35,759 Speaker 1: you need a young one. Now I'm looking at young one. 771 00:40:35,840 --> 00:40:42,360 Speaker 1: This dude's handsome, young herman Gary, drop the leak. Yeah, 772 00:40:42,520 --> 00:40:44,080 Speaker 1: I'll show you a picture of him. I'll show you 773 00:40:44,160 --> 00:40:46,200 Speaker 1: a picture of him. Drop that into chet. You know what, 774 00:40:46,640 --> 00:40:49,360 Speaker 1: we're gonna agree to disagree on this one. This is 775 00:40:49,360 --> 00:40:53,200 Speaker 1: a point to motherfucker looking like no, no, no, no, no, no, 776 00:40:53,239 --> 00:40:57,320 Speaker 1: I'm gonna throw I'm gonna like an ugly lego loss 777 00:40:57,640 --> 00:41:00,160 Speaker 1: from one of the rings. Well you got it. Well 778 00:41:00,200 --> 00:41:02,759 Speaker 1: you gotta type those in there, so I mean no, 779 00:41:02,960 --> 00:41:10,440 Speaker 1: I don't ugly. Okay, chat chat picture of them. Okay, 780 00:41:10,480 --> 00:41:13,960 Speaker 1: hold up this the same picture I was looking at. Yes, 781 00:41:14,160 --> 00:41:16,759 Speaker 1: this is not an attractive man. He looks like he 782 00:41:16,800 --> 00:41:19,399 Speaker 1: looks like a young bing Crosby. Yo. That's a little 783 00:41:19,440 --> 00:41:22,200 Speaker 1: bit of you know what I'm saying, a little Matthew McConaughey, jaw, Yeah, 784 00:41:22,239 --> 00:41:26,279 Speaker 1: you know what I'm saying. It's traditionally, I I don't 785 00:41:26,280 --> 00:41:28,480 Speaker 1: want to get caught into the talking about how hot 786 00:41:28,480 --> 00:41:31,480 Speaker 1: Herman Garring used to be. Discuss he's still a monster. 787 00:41:31,960 --> 00:41:34,719 Speaker 1: He is, he's he is seen as being an attractive 788 00:41:34,760 --> 00:41:39,680 Speaker 1: young war here traditionally attractive recording to Western standards. Also, 789 00:41:39,960 --> 00:41:42,239 Speaker 1: half of the men in Germany in this period have 790 00:41:42,360 --> 00:41:44,880 Speaker 1: had their faces blown off, So it's the bar is 791 00:41:44,920 --> 00:41:50,040 Speaker 1: not as hot. Um, it's like Ricketts chip, it's a 792 00:41:50,120 --> 00:41:54,280 Speaker 1: no for me dog. Okay, well good does not think 793 00:41:54,280 --> 00:41:57,440 Speaker 1: Herman Garring is hot. Well, that's a T shirt right 794 00:41:57,480 --> 00:41:59,719 Speaker 1: there on the motherfucking record. We need to we need 795 00:41:59,760 --> 00:42:04,080 Speaker 1: a let's get two sets of T shirts out Team 796 00:42:04,080 --> 00:42:08,680 Speaker 1: Herman Garring was fuckable and Team Herman Garring wasn't fuckable yet, Sophie, 797 00:42:08,760 --> 00:42:10,520 Speaker 1: can we get can we get t public on? That? 798 00:42:10,600 --> 00:42:15,520 Speaker 1: Is that a good idea? I'm sure, but I don't know. 799 00:42:15,840 --> 00:42:19,000 Speaker 1: It's just just a picture of Hermann Garring and DTF 800 00:42:19,080 --> 00:42:22,480 Speaker 1: The question, right under uh, that might not go over 801 00:42:22,560 --> 00:42:27,160 Speaker 1: well for us. It's all bad, so uh yeah, they 802 00:42:27,160 --> 00:42:29,480 Speaker 1: start to draw in a lot of like because they've 803 00:42:29,480 --> 00:42:31,520 Speaker 1: got all these war heroes, they start to draw in 804 00:42:31,680 --> 00:42:33,879 Speaker 1: a lot of other people on the right who had 805 00:42:33,880 --> 00:42:36,600 Speaker 1: idolized these men's soldiers who you know, these guys have 806 00:42:36,719 --> 00:42:39,319 Speaker 1: been their heroes in the trenches, and also younger men 807 00:42:39,360 --> 00:42:41,120 Speaker 1: who hadn't been old enough to fight in the war. 808 00:42:41,239 --> 00:42:43,440 Speaker 1: But we're drawn to wanting to be in the company 809 00:42:43,520 --> 00:42:46,920 Speaker 1: of these legends, guys like Heinrich Hemler, right, he sees 810 00:42:46,960 --> 00:42:49,400 Speaker 1: all these heroes joining the Nazis. He never got to 811 00:42:49,440 --> 00:42:52,279 Speaker 1: fight in the war, so he joins the Nazis. Now 812 00:42:52,480 --> 00:42:55,879 Speaker 1: Hitler's give speech after speech after speech, and while he's 813 00:42:55,920 --> 00:42:59,040 Speaker 1: doing this, Dietrich Ekort is helping Hitler mold his public 814 00:42:59,080 --> 00:43:01,120 Speaker 1: appearance and create what came to be known as the 815 00:43:01,200 --> 00:43:04,080 Speaker 1: Hitler myth. And this is the idea that Hitler was 816 00:43:04,120 --> 00:43:08,279 Speaker 1: not just a politician, but he kind of supernaturally embodied 817 00:43:08,320 --> 00:43:11,000 Speaker 1: the spirit of the German people and was their defender 818 00:43:11,040 --> 00:43:15,000 Speaker 1: against their racial enemies. Eckert is the architect of this idea, 819 00:43:15,080 --> 00:43:17,279 Speaker 1: which is the core of like what became It comes 820 00:43:17,320 --> 00:43:20,839 Speaker 1: like the fewer principle like the center of Nazism. Now, 821 00:43:21,200 --> 00:43:23,840 Speaker 1: one of Eckert's main points was that a new German 822 00:43:23,880 --> 00:43:28,080 Speaker 1: revolution was necessary. The nineteen eighteen revolution, he felt, which 823 00:43:28,120 --> 00:43:30,359 Speaker 1: is like the socialist revolution that takes O Remunich, had 824 00:43:30,400 --> 00:43:34,680 Speaker 1: failed because it was soulless and Jewish. Eckert wanted a revolution, 825 00:43:35,000 --> 00:43:37,320 Speaker 1: but he wanted a revolution that was led by someone 826 00:43:37,360 --> 00:43:41,240 Speaker 1: he crafted, namely hitler Um, that could lead the German 827 00:43:41,280 --> 00:43:44,000 Speaker 1: people into freedom and wipe away the stain of defeat 828 00:43:44,040 --> 00:43:47,799 Speaker 1: in World War One. Now, of course, the Nazis were 829 00:43:47,800 --> 00:43:50,279 Speaker 1: opposed even from an early period, as they always are 830 00:43:50,360 --> 00:43:53,440 Speaker 1: by the left, namely socialists and communists. In this period, 831 00:43:53,800 --> 00:43:56,520 Speaker 1: and this is before the birth of German anti fascismism 832 00:43:56,719 --> 00:43:59,360 Speaker 1: as a movement, there are people fighting fascism, but like 833 00:43:59,480 --> 00:44:02,080 Speaker 1: the idea of like Antifa as we know it like 834 00:44:02,160 --> 00:44:04,839 Speaker 1: comes out of Germany like a decade later than this 835 00:44:04,960 --> 00:44:08,560 Speaker 1: or so um, that hasn't really evolved yet. And there 836 00:44:08,600 --> 00:44:10,640 Speaker 1: anti fascism in Germany in this period is at a 837 00:44:10,680 --> 00:44:15,040 Speaker 1: more primitive level than it is in say Italy. Right, um, 838 00:44:15,080 --> 00:44:17,800 Speaker 1: so there are but they are still opposing the Nazis, 839 00:44:17,800 --> 00:44:20,560 Speaker 1: and there are frequent fights at Nazi party rallies. Communists 840 00:44:20,560 --> 00:44:23,160 Speaker 1: and socialists will show up at beer halls where Nazis 841 00:44:23,200 --> 00:44:24,879 Speaker 1: are meeting and like try to beat the ship out 842 00:44:24,920 --> 00:44:27,040 Speaker 1: of these guys, and the Nazis will do the same 843 00:44:27,040 --> 00:44:29,799 Speaker 1: thing at left wing gatherings. All everything, every political thing 844 00:44:29,840 --> 00:44:31,880 Speaker 1: in Munich happens at a beer hall. And you do 845 00:44:31,920 --> 00:44:34,360 Speaker 1: have to assume that everyone but Hitler has wasted it 846 00:44:34,400 --> 00:44:36,719 Speaker 1: pretty much all the time. Hitler is not much of 847 00:44:36,719 --> 00:44:39,239 Speaker 1: a drinker. Everybody else is just fucking man. How come 848 00:44:39,440 --> 00:44:44,280 Speaker 1: like as unstable as the world is like at this time, Matt, 849 00:44:44,400 --> 00:44:46,319 Speaker 1: you know, I wonder if we would have much more 850 00:44:46,360 --> 00:44:50,560 Speaker 1: people entering into political discourse if they fought the way 851 00:44:50,560 --> 00:44:53,279 Speaker 1: that these people fight. Y'all just drinking scrap, Like could 852 00:44:53,280 --> 00:44:55,799 Speaker 1: you imagine that that? Like our party, I know, our 853 00:44:55,800 --> 00:44:58,040 Speaker 1: parliament in the seventeen d was like this, you know 854 00:44:58,040 --> 00:45:00,760 Speaker 1: what I'm saying, eight hunts, We used to actually scrap, 855 00:45:01,080 --> 00:45:03,640 Speaker 1: you know what I'm saying. But like these dudes like 856 00:45:03,640 --> 00:45:06,239 Speaker 1: like you you talking. It's so funny because it's like 857 00:45:07,640 --> 00:45:10,560 Speaker 1: it's this is hood ship. This sounds like gangbanging, Like 858 00:45:10,640 --> 00:45:12,600 Speaker 1: y'all pulling up. It's like, yo, you left this Yeah, 859 00:45:12,600 --> 00:45:14,600 Speaker 1: and I'm left this what's what's What's what I'm saying. 860 00:45:14,600 --> 00:45:18,240 Speaker 1: It's like you flashing signs at each other, y'all, y'are politicians. 861 00:45:18,719 --> 00:45:21,839 Speaker 1: Y'are politicians. You know what I'm saying? Like what that's 862 00:45:21,840 --> 00:45:24,880 Speaker 1: so that's what I think Again, that's going back to 863 00:45:24,920 --> 00:45:28,879 Speaker 1: what I mean by like, we don't have we don't 864 00:45:28,920 --> 00:45:34,800 Speaker 1: have categories for it is their officials fight. Yeah, that's 865 00:45:34,840 --> 00:45:39,719 Speaker 1: crazy to me. M Yeah, they are like like and 866 00:45:39,760 --> 00:45:41,560 Speaker 1: this is a lot of these guys are like kind 867 00:45:41,600 --> 00:45:44,360 Speaker 1: of not elected, like elected leaders do get into fights 868 00:45:44,400 --> 00:45:47,560 Speaker 1: and stuff. This. Yeah, a lot of these guys are 869 00:45:47,560 --> 00:45:49,360 Speaker 1: just sort of like campaigning, and a lot of it 870 00:45:49,440 --> 00:45:52,600 Speaker 1: happens via street fighting, and it's it's ugly. Ship people 871 00:45:52,640 --> 00:45:56,600 Speaker 1: are being gunned down and stabbed and beating um like 872 00:45:56,640 --> 00:45:59,720 Speaker 1: it's nasty stuff. And in fact, it gets so nasty 873 00:45:59,719 --> 00:46:02,040 Speaker 1: that now only does like Hitler start carrying a whip 874 00:46:02,080 --> 00:46:04,320 Speaker 1: and a handgun so that he can like slash people's 875 00:46:04,360 --> 00:46:07,560 Speaker 1: faces open during barbawlls. But the Nazis, in order to 876 00:46:07,640 --> 00:46:11,160 Speaker 1: like defend their meetings, develop a powerful and organized street 877 00:46:11,200 --> 00:46:14,280 Speaker 1: fighting arm. Uh. These guys are called the Storm Abtai 878 00:46:14,360 --> 00:46:16,640 Speaker 1: Lung or the Storm Division and they were created an 879 00:46:16,680 --> 00:46:20,319 Speaker 1: early nineteen twenty as a hall protection force, like a 880 00:46:20,320 --> 00:46:23,520 Speaker 1: beer hall protection force for like the meetings that the 881 00:46:23,520 --> 00:46:26,759 Speaker 1: party would hold in Munich. Now, in addition to having 882 00:46:26,760 --> 00:46:28,160 Speaker 1: like a bunch of guys who would show up to 883 00:46:28,200 --> 00:46:31,440 Speaker 1: like crackheads and fight communists, they also opened a sports 884 00:46:31,440 --> 00:46:34,720 Speaker 1: and gymnastics wing which started training their men in boxing, 885 00:46:34,840 --> 00:46:37,719 Speaker 1: jiu jitsu, and exercise. And you see the same thing 886 00:46:37,760 --> 00:46:40,359 Speaker 1: with modern fascist. There's a lot of fascist and neo 887 00:46:40,440 --> 00:46:43,240 Speaker 1: Nazi m M A. Jim's a strong like lifting culture 888 00:46:43,280 --> 00:46:45,520 Speaker 1: among like the Rise Against movement, who are a big 889 00:46:45,560 --> 00:46:49,880 Speaker 1: part of Charlottesville Unite the Right in Charlottessville. Like you 890 00:46:49,920 --> 00:46:52,560 Speaker 1: know that that the idea of like nazis loving to 891 00:46:52,600 --> 00:46:54,960 Speaker 1: get into jiu jitsu. Nothing against jiu jitsu, it's rad 892 00:46:55,000 --> 00:46:56,719 Speaker 1: as hell, but like the fact that they've been into 893 00:46:56,719 --> 00:47:00,799 Speaker 1: it that goes back a century. Man, I'd say, bro, like, yeah, 894 00:47:00,840 --> 00:47:03,279 Speaker 1: it's been playing its eyes where I'm like I just 895 00:47:03,400 --> 00:47:06,840 Speaker 1: may I just do some like somebody like catasthenics like 896 00:47:06,880 --> 00:47:09,160 Speaker 1: plan metrics stuff. Man, I'm not going to these gyms 897 00:47:09,160 --> 00:47:11,799 Speaker 1: just just like you just feel like it's just full 898 00:47:11,800 --> 00:47:14,040 Speaker 1: of these like buck boys. You know what I'm saying, 899 00:47:14,400 --> 00:47:16,600 Speaker 1: and now it makes sense. It's like, yeah, there's a 900 00:47:16,600 --> 00:47:18,640 Speaker 1: history of this. Yeah, there's a history which is like 901 00:47:18,680 --> 00:47:21,719 Speaker 1: there's also some pretty rad you know, anti fascist like 902 00:47:21,800 --> 00:47:25,520 Speaker 1: m m A gyms and stuff out there. Yeah, because 903 00:47:25,520 --> 00:47:28,240 Speaker 1: I think it's important to train people who aren't Nazis 904 00:47:28,280 --> 00:47:31,120 Speaker 1: and how to defend themselves against But there's a long 905 00:47:31,239 --> 00:47:34,239 Speaker 1: history of like there's a there's a huge like fascist 906 00:47:34,400 --> 00:47:39,360 Speaker 1: m m A fighting like network in Eastern Europe, particularly 907 00:47:39,400 --> 00:47:42,359 Speaker 1: in Ukraine. Like they'll have these big conventions and and 908 00:47:42,480 --> 00:47:45,239 Speaker 1: competitions and stuff like. It's a big part of that 909 00:47:45,360 --> 00:47:49,840 Speaker 1: kind of culture. Um. Yeah, so that you know that 910 00:47:49,840 --> 00:47:52,080 Speaker 1: starts with the Nazis in this period. Um, they're doing 911 00:47:52,160 --> 00:47:55,200 Speaker 1: jiu jitsu in nineteen fucking twenty, so that's kind of 912 00:47:55,880 --> 00:47:59,399 Speaker 1: And the Stormtrooper catchphrase in this period was a very 913 00:47:59,440 --> 00:48:04,880 Speaker 1: subtle death to the Jews. So not great at keeping 914 00:48:04,920 --> 00:48:08,279 Speaker 1: a lid on what they're about, you know. Now. In 915 00:48:08,400 --> 00:48:11,600 Speaker 1: nineteen two, Herman Gearing was promoted to lead the Sturm 916 00:48:11,640 --> 00:48:14,200 Speaker 1: up Tailung, hereafter known as the Essay These are the 917 00:48:14,200 --> 00:48:16,640 Speaker 1: guys that come to be known as the brown Shirts. Now, 918 00:48:16,719 --> 00:48:18,960 Speaker 1: by that point, his men had spent much of the 919 00:48:19,040 --> 00:48:21,440 Speaker 1: last two years and by being a steady diet of 920 00:48:21,520 --> 00:48:26,040 Speaker 1: race hatred and revolutionary fascist propaganda. Wilhelm Bruckner, who was 921 00:48:26,080 --> 00:48:29,000 Speaker 1: the head of the Munich Stormtroopers, told Hitler that year 922 00:48:29,040 --> 00:48:32,040 Speaker 1: that very soon Hitler would be unable to restrain his 923 00:48:32,080 --> 00:48:35,200 Speaker 1: men from doing something. And what Bruckner was warning about 924 00:48:35,239 --> 00:48:36,880 Speaker 1: is the same thing we saw in Washington, d C. 925 00:48:37,080 --> 00:48:39,439 Speaker 1: On the sixth. If you have this movement of young 926 00:48:39,480 --> 00:48:42,040 Speaker 1: men that you gin up with conspiracies about child eating 927 00:48:42,080 --> 00:48:44,760 Speaker 1: pedophiles and the globalist destruction of their race and nation, 928 00:48:45,040 --> 00:48:46,880 Speaker 1: which is exactly the kind of a lot of the 929 00:48:46,880 --> 00:48:49,080 Speaker 1: ship the Nazis are learning hearing this period is like 930 00:48:49,160 --> 00:48:52,680 Speaker 1: q and on ship right, very similar. If you if 931 00:48:52,719 --> 00:48:56,400 Speaker 1: you get a bunch of angry, violent young men obsessed 932 00:48:56,400 --> 00:48:59,919 Speaker 1: with weaponry focused on that ship for years, they will 933 00:49:00,040 --> 00:49:02,319 Speaker 1: demand to go shed blood to stop it at some 934 00:49:02,360 --> 00:49:04,040 Speaker 1: point and you won't be able to stop them. And 935 00:49:04,120 --> 00:49:07,720 Speaker 1: kind of one of the areas where you know Trump 936 00:49:07,840 --> 00:49:12,040 Speaker 1: fucked up is he didn't do anything with them cohesive, 937 00:49:12,040 --> 00:49:13,360 Speaker 1: because I don't think he ever had much of a 938 00:49:13,360 --> 00:49:16,600 Speaker 1: cohesive plan. So they raided the capital and caused a 939 00:49:16,600 --> 00:49:21,080 Speaker 1: crackdown on themselves. It's beyond him. Now, yeah, it's beyond him. 940 00:49:21,080 --> 00:49:24,080 Speaker 1: Now Hitler doesn't let it get beyond him. He realizes 941 00:49:24,200 --> 00:49:27,279 Speaker 1: this is happening and that action needs to be taken now. 942 00:49:27,360 --> 00:49:29,160 Speaker 1: For a while he was able to kind of burn 943 00:49:29,239 --> 00:49:32,640 Speaker 1: out this excess energy among his street fighters by having 944 00:49:32,680 --> 00:49:35,879 Speaker 1: them go after journalists and newspaper offices, having them tear 945 00:49:35,920 --> 00:49:39,040 Speaker 1: down political propaganda and beat up left wing canvassers in 946 00:49:39,080 --> 00:49:42,279 Speaker 1: the streets. So he has them assaulting his enemies and 947 00:49:42,400 --> 00:49:44,680 Speaker 1: part to just try to get off this excess energy 948 00:49:44,960 --> 00:49:47,160 Speaker 1: so they don't blow up and like tip their hand 949 00:49:47,200 --> 00:49:49,440 Speaker 1: too early. And of course all of the fighting and 950 00:49:49,520 --> 00:49:51,960 Speaker 1: violence in the street they're doing is very illegal under 951 00:49:52,040 --> 00:49:55,240 Speaker 1: under German law at the time. But the Police President Powner, 952 00:49:55,280 --> 00:49:59,319 Speaker 1: who we've talked about earlier, ensured the Nazis faced few consequences. 953 00:49:59,360 --> 00:50:01,600 Speaker 1: And I'm gonna quote from McGee's article on the Munich 954 00:50:01,600 --> 00:50:04,800 Speaker 1: political police. At this point, the debt with which the 955 00:50:04,880 --> 00:50:08,320 Speaker 1: Nazi movement owed Powner was real. As Police President Powner 956 00:50:08,360 --> 00:50:11,040 Speaker 1: extended a sheltering hand to protect the activities of the 957 00:50:11,120 --> 00:50:14,320 Speaker 1: nascent Nazi movement. In doing so, he ensured its survival 958 00:50:14,360 --> 00:50:17,840 Speaker 1: and gave it an opportunity for future growth. This passive image, however, 959 00:50:17,920 --> 00:50:20,560 Speaker 1: does little to convey the full dimensions of Powner's commitment 960 00:50:20,600 --> 00:50:23,680 Speaker 1: to both the radical right in general and Nazis in particular. 961 00:50:23,920 --> 00:50:26,359 Speaker 1: As a key figure in Bavarian politics during the post 962 00:50:26,360 --> 00:50:30,080 Speaker 1: war period, Powner actively aided the Volcush movement and occupied 963 00:50:30,120 --> 00:50:33,360 Speaker 1: a central position in its highest councils. And the Vocish 964 00:50:33,400 --> 00:50:35,680 Speaker 1: movement is like all these ideas about the Aryan race 965 00:50:35,719 --> 00:50:38,359 Speaker 1: and the German people that kind of feed into Nazism. 966 00:50:38,800 --> 00:50:42,600 Speaker 1: I mean they had like that judges. Yeah, we'll be 967 00:50:42,719 --> 00:50:47,280 Speaker 1: talking about the judges. Becomes a judge. He's becomes a judge. 968 00:50:47,320 --> 00:50:49,640 Speaker 1: Yeah yeah. These scholl was sitting in court with their 969 00:50:49,719 --> 00:50:52,239 Speaker 1: legs all the way up the cross like yeah, yeah, 970 00:50:52,239 --> 00:50:55,760 Speaker 1: go ahead. Yeah. And for an example of how biased 971 00:50:55,760 --> 00:50:57,560 Speaker 1: he was, at one point during his time as the 972 00:50:57,640 --> 00:50:59,880 Speaker 1: chief of police in Munich, Powner is asked if he 973 00:51:00,080 --> 00:51:03,120 Speaker 1: realizes the Nazis are murdering people in the streets of Bavaria, 974 00:51:03,520 --> 00:51:06,600 Speaker 1: and he replies, yes, but far too few of them. 975 00:51:07,040 --> 00:51:12,280 Speaker 1: So now, as an aside, unrelated to anything we're talking 976 00:51:12,280 --> 00:51:14,560 Speaker 1: about at present, we now know that at least twenty 977 00:51:14,600 --> 00:51:16,799 Speaker 1: eight police officers were present for the storming of the 978 00:51:16,840 --> 00:51:20,920 Speaker 1: capital on January six. Um. I should note that in 979 00:51:20,960 --> 00:51:23,560 Speaker 1: two thousand eighteen, after a series of dueling protests in 980 00:51:23,600 --> 00:51:26,200 Speaker 1: Portland between left and right wing demonstrators that ended with 981 00:51:26,239 --> 00:51:30,200 Speaker 1: police assaulting and hospitalizing a left wing activist, internal planning 982 00:51:30,239 --> 00:51:33,240 Speaker 1: documents from the police revealed that they viewed the fascist 983 00:51:33,320 --> 00:51:37,440 Speaker 1: activists as quote much more mainstream than the anti fascists. 984 00:51:37,680 --> 00:51:40,920 Speaker 1: There's a long through line, you know. Yeah, yeah, that 985 00:51:41,040 --> 00:51:46,359 Speaker 1: mainstream has quite a subtext. It sure does, sure does. Probably. Yeah, 986 00:51:47,800 --> 00:51:50,920 Speaker 1: So by nine the thrill of beating the ship out 987 00:51:50,920 --> 00:51:52,920 Speaker 1: of their enemies in the streets was wearing thin for 988 00:51:52,960 --> 00:51:55,800 Speaker 1: the storm Abtai Lung. Now, roughly two thirds of the 989 00:51:55,880 --> 00:51:58,600 Speaker 1: Nazi Party membership was under the age of thirty one 990 00:51:58,680 --> 00:52:01,360 Speaker 1: at this point. These are young men who want to 991 00:52:01,640 --> 00:52:04,680 Speaker 1: drink and fight and revolt against the liberals and Jews 992 00:52:04,760 --> 00:52:07,759 Speaker 1: they see is ruining their country, right. Um, they look 993 00:52:07,760 --> 00:52:09,480 Speaker 1: a lot like the Proud Boys. It's a group of 994 00:52:09,640 --> 00:52:14,600 Speaker 1: like macho, like, testosterone loaded young men who drink and 995 00:52:14,680 --> 00:52:16,520 Speaker 1: probably do a lot of like the Proud Boys do 996 00:52:16,560 --> 00:52:18,120 Speaker 1: a lot of cocaine. I'm guessing a lot of these 997 00:52:18,160 --> 00:52:20,880 Speaker 1: guys are on blow too, you know, not uncommon in 998 00:52:20,960 --> 00:52:25,400 Speaker 1: Germany in that period. So Hitler was super on board 999 00:52:25,560 --> 00:52:28,880 Speaker 1: with getting these guys into the fight do largely to 1000 00:52:29,000 --> 00:52:30,680 Speaker 1: what he and the rest of the world had watched 1001 00:52:30,719 --> 00:52:33,440 Speaker 1: Benito Mussolini's Black Shirts do in Italy the year before, 1002 00:52:33,680 --> 00:52:36,360 Speaker 1: Because again, the March on Rome is the year before 1003 00:52:36,440 --> 00:52:39,160 Speaker 1: Hitler does his beer hall punch. Twenty three is the 1004 00:52:39,200 --> 00:52:41,279 Speaker 1: beer hall punch. And I'm gonna quote now from a 1005 00:52:41,320 --> 00:52:43,920 Speaker 1: book called The Trial of Adolf Hitler by David King, 1006 00:52:44,640 --> 00:52:46,960 Speaker 1: and that he's this is Hitler talking at first. If 1007 00:52:47,000 --> 00:52:50,040 Speaker 1: a German Mussolini is given to Germany, Hitler said to 1008 00:52:50,120 --> 00:52:52,320 Speaker 1: a journalist for London's Daily Mail on the eve of 1009 00:52:52,360 --> 00:52:55,120 Speaker 1: the push, people would fall down on their knees and 1010 00:52:55,280 --> 00:52:58,840 Speaker 1: worship him more than Mussolini has ever been worshiped. This 1011 00:52:59,040 --> 00:53:02,120 Speaker 1: journalist was unim rest In private, he dismissed Hitler as 1012 00:53:02,120 --> 00:53:05,480 Speaker 1: another hot air merchant. But Hitler had in fact decided 1013 00:53:05,520 --> 00:53:08,440 Speaker 1: to follow in the Fascist footsteps and march on Berlin. 1014 00:53:09,120 --> 00:53:11,719 Speaker 1: The original plan had been to strike on Saturday night, 1015 00:53:11,840 --> 00:53:14,920 Speaker 1: November ten. This was, after all, the weekend, which Hitler 1016 00:53:14,960 --> 00:53:17,879 Speaker 1: believed was the best time for a revolution. Authorities would 1017 00:53:17,880 --> 00:53:19,960 Speaker 1: be away from their desks, police would be reduced to 1018 00:53:20,000 --> 00:53:22,520 Speaker 1: a minimal staff, and the lighter traffic would not impede 1019 00:53:22,560 --> 00:53:26,040 Speaker 1: on the movement of his trucks and troops. So Hitler 1020 00:53:26,120 --> 00:53:29,200 Speaker 1: becomes convinced after seeing Mussolini that like, not only did 1021 00:53:29,239 --> 00:53:32,200 Speaker 1: Missolini have some great ideas, but this will work even 1022 00:53:32,280 --> 00:53:35,440 Speaker 1: better in Germany, um, because we kind of have more 1023 00:53:35,480 --> 00:53:38,640 Speaker 1: of an authoritarian culture. Italy when Mussolini took over, had 1024 00:53:38,640 --> 00:53:43,640 Speaker 1: a much longer democratic Germany a lot more authoritarianism. Hitler's like, 1025 00:53:43,960 --> 00:53:47,000 Speaker 1: if I present myself the way Mussolini did, I'll be 1026 00:53:47,080 --> 00:53:49,160 Speaker 1: even more powerful. People will join me on the road 1027 00:53:49,239 --> 00:53:52,080 Speaker 1: to Berlin and we'll take over the whole country. Now 1028 00:53:52,200 --> 00:53:56,200 Speaker 1: oh my gosh, h Yeah he's not. I mean, he's 1029 00:53:56,280 --> 00:53:59,640 Speaker 1: wrong in this instance, but not overall. There's an interesting 1030 00:53:59,760 --> 00:54:05,400 Speaker 1: light um even with that like Germans like at the 1031 00:54:05,480 --> 00:54:10,800 Speaker 1: time propensity towards like authoritarian like I still think even 1032 00:54:12,719 --> 00:54:15,879 Speaker 1: and and then their their assaulted is towards Catholicism. When 1033 00:54:15,920 --> 00:54:19,920 Speaker 1: I think about their like Protestant movement um being so 1034 00:54:20,120 --> 00:54:24,719 Speaker 1: informed by sort of like reform Calvinist thought like this 1035 00:54:24,920 --> 00:54:28,759 Speaker 1: this idea that like humans are so depraved at their 1036 00:54:28,880 --> 00:54:32,480 Speaker 1: core because of sin. You know what I'm saying like, 1037 00:54:32,840 --> 00:54:38,439 Speaker 1: you can't trust them to make good choices for themselves, 1038 00:54:39,160 --> 00:54:42,680 Speaker 1: So you need a strong man in the same way 1039 00:54:42,760 --> 00:54:45,480 Speaker 1: that Jesus was your strong man. You know what I'm saying, 1040 00:54:45,800 --> 00:54:48,800 Speaker 1: to make to make these answers, to choose these for you, 1041 00:54:48,960 --> 00:54:51,160 Speaker 1: because I mean, you're full of sin nature, So why 1042 00:54:51,160 --> 00:54:53,040 Speaker 1: would we trust what you would vote for yourselves. No, 1043 00:54:53,160 --> 00:54:55,880 Speaker 1: you need a guy. You need a guy, a dude 1044 00:54:56,120 --> 00:54:59,040 Speaker 1: in charge that can tell you what's better for you 1045 00:54:59,160 --> 00:55:02,200 Speaker 1: because you can't us your own instincts. And and that 1046 00:55:03,400 --> 00:55:07,440 Speaker 1: that theological twist to me, it's like it adds to 1047 00:55:08,480 --> 00:55:13,240 Speaker 1: the mythos of how somebody like a good, smooth talking 1048 00:55:13,360 --> 00:55:17,799 Speaker 1: Hitler could convince this nation who already got got authoritarian tendencies. 1049 00:55:18,080 --> 00:55:22,120 Speaker 1: Now you add in this like this like theological worldview 1050 00:55:22,200 --> 00:55:28,279 Speaker 1: to it, it's just like it's just gonna work. And 1051 00:55:28,400 --> 00:55:32,160 Speaker 1: it does. What else is gonna work? The products and 1052 00:55:32,200 --> 00:55:36,120 Speaker 1: services that support this podcast? Oh yeah, that is going 1053 00:55:36,160 --> 00:55:40,520 Speaker 1: to totally deprave my wallet. They are absolutely going to 1054 00:55:40,719 --> 00:55:45,600 Speaker 1: march on Berlin and overthrow the Reichstag. Yes, I I 1055 00:55:45,760 --> 00:55:54,560 Speaker 1: think that's been t public school from the beginning. We're back. 1056 00:55:54,920 --> 00:55:57,800 Speaker 1: So now Hitler knows he wants to march on Berlin. 1057 00:55:57,880 --> 00:56:00,319 Speaker 1: He wants to do a Mussolini but better. But he's 1058 00:56:00,360 --> 00:56:02,840 Speaker 1: he's not a dumb guy. He realizes that he alone 1059 00:56:03,200 --> 00:56:06,360 Speaker 1: doesn't have a big enough name to successfully push Bavaria. 1060 00:56:06,520 --> 00:56:09,439 Speaker 1: He's very popular within Munich and the Munich right. He's 1061 00:56:09,440 --> 00:56:11,680 Speaker 1: not a national figure at this point, so he has 1062 00:56:11,760 --> 00:56:14,040 Speaker 1: to enlist the help of a national figure, and he 1063 00:56:14,120 --> 00:56:18,200 Speaker 1: picked someone he had idolized, General Eric Ludendorff. Now, the 1064 00:56:18,320 --> 00:56:21,160 Speaker 1: old General had already tried to take over the government 1065 00:56:21,239 --> 00:56:23,960 Speaker 1: once before, right after World War One, um, and had 1066 00:56:24,000 --> 00:56:26,240 Speaker 1: failed at that, but he hadn't really been punished because 1067 00:56:26,520 --> 00:56:29,080 Speaker 1: you know, he was the war hero. He's Ludendorf, he 1068 00:56:29,160 --> 00:56:31,719 Speaker 1: was the architect of the victory over Russia. Uh. He 1069 00:56:31,880 --> 00:56:34,840 Speaker 1: was just very beloved and he was a massive figure 1070 00:56:34,880 --> 00:56:37,799 Speaker 1: for the right wing, revered and respected for his part. 1071 00:56:37,880 --> 00:56:41,200 Speaker 1: The old Field Marshal had spent his declining years becoming 1072 00:56:41,280 --> 00:56:44,880 Speaker 1: an increasingly massive racist and conspiracy theorist and mostly pushing 1073 00:56:44,920 --> 00:56:47,759 Speaker 1: the stab in the back narrative, blaming the loss in 1074 00:56:47,800 --> 00:56:50,000 Speaker 1: World War One on the Jews, all that stuff. You 1075 00:56:50,120 --> 00:56:53,560 Speaker 1: could see him as like a General Flynn figure. Um. 1076 00:56:54,080 --> 00:56:57,280 Speaker 1: He's he's this very popular among the far right general 1077 00:56:57,640 --> 00:57:00,920 Speaker 1: who shacks up with this far right political character. Now, 1078 00:57:00,960 --> 00:57:03,640 Speaker 1: the big difference is that General Flynn has been like 1079 00:57:03,840 --> 00:57:07,120 Speaker 1: profoundly loyal to Donald Trump, and Ludendorff just kind of 1080 00:57:07,160 --> 00:57:10,040 Speaker 1: saw Hitler as a vector for which he could, you know, 1081 00:57:10,200 --> 00:57:13,480 Speaker 1: push his kind of fringe right wing politics to get 1082 00:57:13,520 --> 00:57:17,720 Speaker 1: more storm and Norman sports cough head ass, yeah a little, yeah, 1083 00:57:17,720 --> 00:57:21,680 Speaker 1: I mean he's not that. Yeah, yeah, he's not like 1084 00:57:22,000 --> 00:57:24,600 Speaker 1: he's not like, um, loyal to Hitler, but he sees 1085 00:57:24,680 --> 00:57:26,800 Speaker 1: Hitler as a guy he can use, and Hitler sees 1086 00:57:26,880 --> 00:57:29,000 Speaker 1: Ludendorff as a guy he can use. I feel like 1087 00:57:29,080 --> 00:57:31,840 Speaker 1: in that that exact sentence is like was the dagger 1088 00:57:31,920 --> 00:57:34,280 Speaker 1: for almost all the political parties, y'a thought I could 1089 00:57:34,360 --> 00:57:37,920 Speaker 1: uses man like he wasn't. Yeah anyway, yeah, I mean. 1090 00:57:38,000 --> 00:57:40,480 Speaker 1: And so Hitler goes to Ludendorf and is like, hey, 1091 00:57:40,760 --> 00:57:42,680 Speaker 1: I want to overthrow the government. I want to be 1092 00:57:42,800 --> 00:57:45,280 Speaker 1: the dictator, and I want to have you be basically 1093 00:57:45,360 --> 00:57:47,560 Speaker 1: like running the country with me. You'll be in charge 1094 00:57:47,600 --> 00:57:50,880 Speaker 1: of the army and together will bring Germany back to greatness. 1095 00:57:51,480 --> 00:57:54,920 Speaker 1: And Ludendorf gives a soft yes, the kind of yes 1096 00:57:55,040 --> 00:57:57,200 Speaker 1: that could mean to know if like the police came 1097 00:57:57,240 --> 00:57:59,720 Speaker 1: to his door and he could say like, but he's like, yeah, 1098 00:57:59,760 --> 00:58:01,880 Speaker 1: if do it, like, I'm on board. I'll take over 1099 00:58:01,920 --> 00:58:04,320 Speaker 1: the army if you win, you know, like that's the 1100 00:58:04,440 --> 00:58:08,480 Speaker 1: kind of yes Ludendorf gives him um, but he's he's 1101 00:58:08,600 --> 00:58:10,520 Speaker 1: he's on board as long as he doesn't have to 1102 00:58:10,560 --> 00:58:12,440 Speaker 1: stick his neck out too much. Is kind of like 1103 00:58:12,720 --> 00:58:16,640 Speaker 1: Ludendorff's attitude towards this. So the initial plan for the 1104 00:58:16,720 --> 00:58:19,280 Speaker 1: pusch is November ten, but they wound up pushing it 1105 00:58:19,440 --> 00:58:21,520 Speaker 1: up by two days kind of at the last minute, 1106 00:58:21,560 --> 00:58:25,480 Speaker 1: the Thursday, November eight, because Gustav von Kar, who's basically's 1107 00:58:25,520 --> 00:58:28,240 Speaker 1: the General Commissar, he's basically like the governor of of 1108 00:58:28,880 --> 00:58:31,480 Speaker 1: of of Munich. Um. He's giving a speech at the 1109 00:58:31,520 --> 00:58:33,920 Speaker 1: Burger brow Keller beer Hall, which is one of Munich's 1110 00:58:33,960 --> 00:58:37,080 Speaker 1: most prestigious places for people to drink heavily and do politics. 1111 00:58:37,320 --> 00:58:42,200 Speaker 1: Burger Carl Burger, the Burger Browbeer beer Hall. Yeah, man, 1112 00:58:42,320 --> 00:58:44,439 Speaker 1: we need to rename something like that because that's yeah, 1113 00:58:44,920 --> 00:58:48,280 Speaker 1: I would still around today, I think, yeah. Yeah. So 1114 00:58:48,360 --> 00:58:51,000 Speaker 1: this is where the putsch actually starts. So Car is 1115 00:58:51,200 --> 00:58:54,439 Speaker 1: in charge in Munich and he is he's been brought 1116 00:58:54,520 --> 00:58:57,760 Speaker 1: to power and what some would call a military coup um. 1117 00:58:58,080 --> 00:59:00,240 Speaker 1: It was kind of a soft coupe, but basically, after 1118 00:59:00,320 --> 00:59:03,160 Speaker 1: the liberals had let the left seize the city and revolt, 1119 00:59:03,480 --> 00:59:07,120 Speaker 1: the military made sure that a strongman like Car wound 1120 00:59:07,200 --> 00:59:09,280 Speaker 1: up in charge after the you know a year or 1121 00:59:09,320 --> 00:59:12,560 Speaker 1: so later, and Carr had vowed during his campaign to 1122 00:59:12,640 --> 00:59:15,680 Speaker 1: turn the city into a cell of law and order. 1123 00:59:16,320 --> 00:59:20,120 Speaker 1: Oh god, they keep saying that, keep saying that, which 1124 00:59:20,760 --> 00:59:23,400 Speaker 1: just keep saying law and order, but just you don't 1125 00:59:23,560 --> 00:59:28,560 Speaker 1: never happens never. Yeah yeah. So I'm gonna quote from 1126 00:59:28,680 --> 00:59:33,200 Speaker 1: author David King describing cars politics here. He welcomed right 1127 00:59:33,240 --> 00:59:35,880 Speaker 1: wing extremists to settle in the region, and many of 1128 00:59:35,960 --> 00:59:39,040 Speaker 1: them in turn joined the paramilitary societies emerging in the 1129 00:59:39,120 --> 00:59:42,320 Speaker 1: aftermath of the war and revolution. Car also organized many 1130 00:59:42,360 --> 00:59:45,240 Speaker 1: of these bands into a loose coalition called the Iron 1131 00:59:45,320 --> 00:59:49,120 Speaker 1: waterwaven or Citizens Militia, that would soon surpass three hundred 1132 00:59:49,160 --> 00:59:51,960 Speaker 1: thousand men. Car would use this volunteer home guard and 1133 00:59:52,040 --> 00:59:55,360 Speaker 1: everything from law enforcement to border patrol. They were necessary, 1134 00:59:55,480 --> 00:59:59,840 Speaker 1: he said, like a fire brigade. So Car builds this 1135 01:00:00,200 --> 01:00:03,960 Speaker 1: Citizens Militia basically a private army of himself for his 1136 01:00:04,040 --> 01:00:07,520 Speaker 1: own to crack down on the left, and Germany at 1137 01:00:07,560 --> 01:00:10,400 Speaker 1: this point is forbidden from having much of a real military. 1138 01:00:10,440 --> 01:00:13,000 Speaker 1: They're captive about a hundred thousand soldiers in the reichs 1139 01:00:13,080 --> 01:00:15,240 Speaker 1: Fair um. And this is a part of the Treaty 1140 01:00:15,240 --> 01:00:18,200 Speaker 1: of Versailles. And France realizes that Car is raising up 1141 01:00:18,280 --> 01:00:22,600 Speaker 1: thousands and thousands of private soldiers, and they complained that 1142 01:00:22,640 --> 01:00:24,880 Speaker 1: he's building a new German army, and he's forced to 1143 01:00:24,960 --> 01:00:28,840 Speaker 1: disband his militia. UM. Now this pisses off the far right, 1144 01:00:28,880 --> 01:00:32,280 Speaker 1: the fact that Car caves and cancels his militia and 1145 01:00:32,360 --> 01:00:35,280 Speaker 1: tells his guys to go home. Um. And a lot 1146 01:00:35,360 --> 01:00:37,760 Speaker 1: of them consider him like the fascist equivalent of a 1147 01:00:37,880 --> 01:00:39,960 Speaker 1: rhino at this point, you know, a Republican and name 1148 01:00:40,000 --> 01:00:42,360 Speaker 1: only like they're like a cars not really on the right. 1149 01:00:43,400 --> 01:00:49,520 Speaker 1: He got cooked by the French, yea. UM, but he's 1150 01:00:49,560 --> 01:00:51,960 Speaker 1: still very popular with the center right, and he's seen 1151 01:00:52,000 --> 01:00:57,480 Speaker 1: as something of like a a resistance hero um among 1152 01:00:57,680 --> 01:01:00,280 Speaker 1: like the center right. So he's you know, he's not 1153 01:01:00,440 --> 01:01:02,760 Speaker 1: like popular on the fringe right, but he's popular on 1154 01:01:02,800 --> 01:01:05,960 Speaker 1: the middle right. So in October. Now, another thing that's 1155 01:01:05,960 --> 01:01:07,520 Speaker 1: happening at this period of time is. In August of 1156 01:01:07,600 --> 01:01:11,800 Speaker 1: nineteen twenty three, Gustav Stresseman is elected Chancellor of Germany. 1157 01:01:12,360 --> 01:01:15,040 Speaker 1: Um and right before he comes to power, the Germans 1158 01:01:15,080 --> 01:01:18,040 Speaker 1: had begged the Allies for a moratorium on reparations payments 1159 01:01:18,040 --> 01:01:20,520 Speaker 1: because the German economy is collapsing in this period, they 1160 01:01:20,560 --> 01:01:23,360 Speaker 1: just can't afford it. The French had refused to put 1161 01:01:23,440 --> 01:01:26,280 Speaker 1: in a moratorium on payments, and then in order to 1162 01:01:26,400 --> 01:01:29,200 Speaker 1: get money out of Germany that Germany wasn't sending, they 1163 01:01:29,320 --> 01:01:33,040 Speaker 1: invaded and occupied the Ruhr, which is Germany's industrial heartland. 1164 01:01:33,480 --> 01:01:37,640 Speaker 1: So Germany defaults on their payments after, like you know, 1165 01:01:37,760 --> 01:01:39,600 Speaker 1: before they invade the rule and like the fact that 1166 01:01:39,640 --> 01:01:42,360 Speaker 1: the French invade pisses off all of Germany and particularly 1167 01:01:42,560 --> 01:01:45,600 Speaker 1: the German right wing. Yeah so is this this again? Yeah, 1168 01:01:45,720 --> 01:01:48,320 Speaker 1: like a little little little human in his story here 1169 01:01:48,440 --> 01:01:50,560 Speaker 1: is like, yeah, so you guys a new chancellor because 1170 01:01:50,560 --> 01:01:52,800 Speaker 1: they had to write a whole new constitution, the Roho 1171 01:01:52,880 --> 01:01:56,760 Speaker 1: new Constitution, got a new chancellor. They gotta payback Audisty 1172 01:01:56,880 --> 01:01:59,720 Speaker 1: they destroyed for his war. They already feel salty about that, 1173 01:01:59,840 --> 01:02:01,840 Speaker 1: Like damn, I gotta I gotta clean it. I gotta 1174 01:02:01,880 --> 01:02:03,880 Speaker 1: pay for artists, you know what I'm saying. And then 1175 01:02:03,960 --> 01:02:07,960 Speaker 1: they like, literally, we're broke, Like God, damn it, we're broke, 1176 01:02:08,280 --> 01:02:10,440 Speaker 1: you know what I'm saying. So then and then for 1177 01:02:10,560 --> 01:02:12,280 Speaker 1: France to be like, oh, you're gonna give me my 1178 01:02:12,400 --> 01:02:16,840 Speaker 1: money and they're like what money, Well, they don't have anything. 1179 01:02:17,320 --> 01:02:21,640 Speaker 1: What money? We don't have it. Yeah, we starve to 1180 01:02:21,720 --> 01:02:24,280 Speaker 1: death on turnips last winter, like we have nothing, like 1181 01:02:24,440 --> 01:02:27,960 Speaker 1: you saw it. We lost. Damn man, we lost, and 1182 01:02:28,040 --> 01:02:30,640 Speaker 1: now we are like we got it. Yeah. And this 1183 01:02:30,960 --> 01:02:33,240 Speaker 1: this a lot of the anger at the Treaty of 1184 01:02:33,360 --> 01:02:36,680 Speaker 1: Versailles and the way the French are behaving gets pushed 1185 01:02:36,720 --> 01:02:42,040 Speaker 1: onto the German liberals, who like because their internationalists kind 1186 01:02:42,080 --> 01:02:45,360 Speaker 1: of like try to engage with the French and g 1187 01:02:45,440 --> 01:02:47,120 Speaker 1: stop stress him and gets elected and one of the 1188 01:02:47,160 --> 01:02:49,640 Speaker 1: first things he does is he orders the end of 1189 01:02:49,680 --> 01:02:51,760 Speaker 1: a general strike against the French and the RU and 1190 01:02:51,840 --> 01:02:55,960 Speaker 1: he starts resuming reparations payments, and this enrages the right 1191 01:02:56,000 --> 01:02:58,520 Speaker 1: wing and so and stress him and knows it's going 1192 01:02:58,640 --> 01:03:00,920 Speaker 1: to so he has the President of the Reich declare 1193 01:03:00,960 --> 01:03:04,720 Speaker 1: an emergency. The Bavarian government gets pissed by this because 1194 01:03:04,760 --> 01:03:07,440 Speaker 1: they hate Stressman. They're all very conservative, he's a liberal, 1195 01:03:07,760 --> 01:03:09,600 Speaker 1: and they're like, basically, this guy has been cucked by 1196 01:03:09,600 --> 01:03:12,080 Speaker 1: the French, and they declare Bavaria to close its own 1197 01:03:12,120 --> 01:03:14,800 Speaker 1: state of emergency. Now, the decision to do that was 1198 01:03:14,880 --> 01:03:17,680 Speaker 1: made by the Triumvirate that ruled Bavaria, which consisted of 1199 01:03:17,800 --> 01:03:20,400 Speaker 1: von Kar General von Lasso, who's in charge of the 1200 01:03:20,520 --> 01:03:23,120 Speaker 1: army in Bavaria, and the commander of the state police, 1201 01:03:23,120 --> 01:03:26,240 Speaker 1: a guy named Ciser I think. Now, this triumvirate had 1202 01:03:26,320 --> 01:03:29,560 Speaker 1: publicly refused a number of orders from Berlin as a 1203 01:03:29,600 --> 01:03:31,600 Speaker 1: show of protest and his red meat to their right 1204 01:03:31,640 --> 01:03:33,640 Speaker 1: wing base. So basically it's like a state in the 1205 01:03:33,720 --> 01:03:37,360 Speaker 1: United States refusing orders from the federal government because it's 1206 01:03:37,400 --> 01:03:40,960 Speaker 1: against what their political base wants. Um. And this is 1207 01:03:41,040 --> 01:03:44,160 Speaker 1: mostly for show, because yeah, this is mostly for show 1208 01:03:44,480 --> 01:03:46,880 Speaker 1: um because like the federal government has the ability to 1209 01:03:46,960 --> 01:03:49,600 Speaker 1: deny funds to Bavaria, right, which kind of fox them over. 1210 01:03:49,960 --> 01:03:53,240 Speaker 1: And so by early November, the Triumvirate is losing heart 1211 01:03:53,280 --> 01:03:55,320 Speaker 1: because they wanted to get red meat to their base 1212 01:03:55,480 --> 01:03:58,160 Speaker 1: and like improve their own personal popularity by saying fuck 1213 01:03:58,240 --> 01:04:00,360 Speaker 1: you to the central government. But they did want to 1214 01:04:00,360 --> 01:04:03,840 Speaker 1: pay consequences, so they're starting to cave by November, but 1215 01:04:04,040 --> 01:04:07,000 Speaker 1: most voters don't know that. And so when von Kar 1216 01:04:07,240 --> 01:04:09,520 Speaker 1: takes the stage at the burger Brow beer Hall on 1217 01:04:09,600 --> 01:04:12,240 Speaker 1: November eight, the really like a lot of people show 1218 01:04:12,360 --> 01:04:14,560 Speaker 1: up because they think he's about to announce that Bavaria 1219 01:04:14,680 --> 01:04:18,880 Speaker 1: is seceding from Germany. Um. Now, Hitler knows that's not 1220 01:04:18,960 --> 01:04:22,160 Speaker 1: gonna happen. He knows that's very unlikely because Hitler sees 1221 01:04:22,200 --> 01:04:24,919 Speaker 1: von Kar is basically a moderate. But he also knows 1222 01:04:24,960 --> 01:04:28,360 Speaker 1: that a huge crowd, including all of the people running Bavaria, 1223 01:04:28,600 --> 01:04:30,520 Speaker 1: are going to be in the beer hall that night, 1224 01:04:30,680 --> 01:04:33,160 Speaker 1: which makes it a great place to occupy with armed men. 1225 01:04:33,200 --> 01:04:35,280 Speaker 1: If you're going to do a push, if you're pushing, 1226 01:04:35,560 --> 01:04:37,200 Speaker 1: you know, that's where you want to put this where 1227 01:04:37,200 --> 01:04:40,640 Speaker 1: you push the put. Yeah, this is the beer hall. 1228 01:04:40,760 --> 01:04:42,840 Speaker 1: The burger Brow beer Hall is the equivalent of the 1229 01:04:42,960 --> 01:04:45,440 Speaker 1: capital on January six. Here, it's like where all these 1230 01:04:45,480 --> 01:04:48,720 Speaker 1: elected leaders are. If you want to actually capture these people, 1231 01:04:48,960 --> 01:04:51,800 Speaker 1: this is where you do it. Um. So he gets 1232 01:04:51,880 --> 01:04:54,680 Speaker 1: together his stormtrooper leaders and his key advisors and they 1233 01:04:54,720 --> 01:04:57,080 Speaker 1: work with their police insider, who's a fellow named Frick. 1234 01:04:57,120 --> 01:05:00,040 Speaker 1: Because a lot of cops are Nazis. I'm not to 1235 01:05:00,120 --> 01:05:02,000 Speaker 1: get a put like a timeline on that a lot 1236 01:05:02,080 --> 01:05:07,040 Speaker 1: of cops. Let's just for a little okay, cool, so 1237 01:05:07,560 --> 01:05:10,680 Speaker 1: frick this cop ensures that the police presence outside the 1238 01:05:10,760 --> 01:05:13,560 Speaker 1: beer hall is minimal. Like all of the guys running 1239 01:05:13,600 --> 01:05:15,800 Speaker 1: Bavaria are there, but they don't have very many cops 1240 01:05:15,880 --> 01:05:19,160 Speaker 1: protecting them, and that's by design to make it easier 1241 01:05:19,240 --> 01:05:22,680 Speaker 1: for the storm trippers. So Hitler sets Yeah, I know 1242 01:05:22,800 --> 01:05:29,240 Speaker 1: another thing that has never happened again, yea. So Hitler's 1243 01:05:29,280 --> 01:05:31,920 Speaker 1: other lackeys, the guys who aren't like fighters, get set 1244 01:05:32,000 --> 01:05:35,000 Speaker 1: to the organizing propaganda. One man was set was like 1245 01:05:35,120 --> 01:05:37,600 Speaker 1: put to the job of organizing the distribution of posters 1246 01:05:37,640 --> 01:05:41,520 Speaker 1: and newspapers announcing the Nazi overthrow of the government. Hitler's 1247 01:05:41,520 --> 01:05:44,640 Speaker 1: half American friend, a guy named Hunt Stengele that are 1248 01:05:44,680 --> 01:05:47,880 Speaker 1: known as Putsy, who's like a Harvard graduate um was 1249 01:05:47,960 --> 01:05:50,439 Speaker 1: in charge of making stir. The foreign press was there 1250 01:05:50,560 --> 01:05:53,240 Speaker 1: without knowing why they were there, because Puts a charmer. 1251 01:05:53,320 --> 01:05:56,280 Speaker 1: He's a he's a like an aristocrat guy. He's good 1252 01:05:56,320 --> 01:05:59,320 Speaker 1: at talking to people. He's good talking to like American media, 1253 01:05:59,400 --> 01:06:01,240 Speaker 1: so like the New York Times has a guy there 1254 01:06:01,320 --> 01:06:04,760 Speaker 1: on this night. Now, Hitler and his entourage show up 1255 01:06:04,800 --> 01:06:08,320 Speaker 1: at the beer hole uh that night, like as thousands 1256 01:06:08,360 --> 01:06:10,440 Speaker 1: of people are gathered up outside to get in to 1257 01:06:10,480 --> 01:06:13,520 Speaker 1: watch von Kar speak, and Hitler's immediately gets out of 1258 01:06:13,600 --> 01:06:16,160 Speaker 1: his I think it's a Mercedes, and he's immediately greeted 1259 01:06:16,200 --> 01:06:18,600 Speaker 1: by a crowd of three thousand people outside the hall. 1260 01:06:18,680 --> 01:06:22,160 Speaker 1: Because Hitler is very popular in with the right in Munich, 1261 01:06:22,480 --> 01:06:24,400 Speaker 1: so he gets mobbed by this crowd who wanted to 1262 01:06:24,480 --> 01:06:26,640 Speaker 1: know if, like he knew what von Kar was going 1263 01:06:26,720 --> 01:06:28,840 Speaker 1: to speak about, is you know, are we going to succeed? 1264 01:06:28,960 --> 01:06:31,520 Speaker 1: What's happening? And Hitler's like, I'm just a guest. I'm 1265 01:06:31,560 --> 01:06:33,640 Speaker 1: here like the rest of you. And he goes inside 1266 01:06:33,720 --> 01:06:35,400 Speaker 1: to get a beer, and he doesn't get a beer 1267 01:06:35,400 --> 01:06:37,640 Speaker 1: because he wants to drink it. Hitler's not really a drinker. 1268 01:06:37,800 --> 01:06:40,520 Speaker 1: Every now and then he'll he'll like down like um, 1269 01:06:40,760 --> 01:06:43,400 Speaker 1: some champagne or something. He's not much of a drinker. 1270 01:06:43,480 --> 01:06:46,360 Speaker 1: He has the beer because Garing has warned him like, hey, 1271 01:06:46,640 --> 01:06:48,520 Speaker 1: we're going to try to overthrow the government. We don't 1272 01:06:48,520 --> 01:06:50,840 Speaker 1: want people to realize we're onto something early. If you're 1273 01:06:50,880 --> 01:06:52,720 Speaker 1: sitting in a beer hole in Munich with a beer. 1274 01:06:52,960 --> 01:06:54,880 Speaker 1: No one will suspect that you're planning to break the 1275 01:06:54,960 --> 01:06:58,840 Speaker 1: law because it's Munich. Um. So Hitler gets a beer 1276 01:06:58,920 --> 01:07:01,280 Speaker 1: and he's like kind of nurse sing it um, and 1277 01:07:01,440 --> 01:07:05,200 Speaker 1: Car takes the podium. Now, car speech is boring and pointless, 1278 01:07:05,240 --> 01:07:07,080 Speaker 1: in a big bummer to everybody. He just starts like 1279 01:07:07,160 --> 01:07:09,720 Speaker 1: he's not succeeding. He starts a standard harangue about the 1280 01:07:09,800 --> 01:07:12,720 Speaker 1: evils of Marxism, about how Munich was going to fight 1281 01:07:12,800 --> 01:07:16,920 Speaker 1: the contagion and quintessential evil of socialism. Pretty normal right 1282 01:07:17,000 --> 01:07:21,000 Speaker 1: wing stuff. Um. And Hitler is reported to have asked 1283 01:07:21,040 --> 01:07:23,760 Speaker 1: his men during cars speech, does anyone understand what he's 1284 01:07:23,800 --> 01:07:25,960 Speaker 1: talking about? Like? What the fund is this guy doing 1285 01:07:26,040 --> 01:07:32,120 Speaker 1: up there? Started trolling him. Yeah, well this is going 1286 01:07:32,240 --> 01:07:34,640 Speaker 1: on while you know, Hitler and his kind of inner 1287 01:07:34,680 --> 01:07:37,280 Speaker 1: circle or watching Car speak, and this beer halls got 1288 01:07:37,320 --> 01:07:40,880 Speaker 1: thousands of people in it. Hitler's stormtroopers are assembling nearby. 1289 01:07:41,400 --> 01:07:44,680 Speaker 1: Now twenty six year old Cigar a dealer named Josef 1290 01:07:44,840 --> 01:07:47,040 Speaker 1: was the quartermaster, and so he basically like as the 1291 01:07:47,240 --> 01:07:49,920 Speaker 1: troops assembled, he starts handing out rifles and machine guns 1292 01:07:49,960 --> 01:07:53,640 Speaker 1: and grenades to several dozen of the Nazi Party's best fighters, 1293 01:07:53,960 --> 01:07:58,080 Speaker 1: the men of Stostrip Hitler or the Hitler Assault Squad. Now, 1294 01:07:58,160 --> 01:08:00,880 Speaker 1: these guys wore a gray military a uniform with a 1295 01:08:01,000 --> 01:08:04,400 Speaker 1: silver Death's Head badge on their caps. The star Strup 1296 01:08:04,440 --> 01:08:06,760 Speaker 1: would wind up evolving into the shoot Staffle, which is 1297 01:08:06,800 --> 01:08:09,640 Speaker 1: the infamous SS right, Like, that's the the guys who, 1298 01:08:09,640 --> 01:08:12,640 Speaker 1: among other things, man the concentration camps. At this point, 1299 01:08:12,920 --> 01:08:16,240 Speaker 1: they're Hitler street fighters, um, and are responsible for protecting 1300 01:08:16,320 --> 01:08:17,880 Speaker 1: him and stuff. And these are the guys he's going 1301 01:08:17,920 --> 01:08:21,320 Speaker 1: to use to be the the armed fist of his push. Now, 1302 01:08:21,680 --> 01:08:24,160 Speaker 1: before the putch, Hitler had given his fighters a few 1303 01:08:24,240 --> 01:08:28,280 Speaker 1: suggestions for how to behave. He had told them cruelty impresses, 1304 01:08:28,560 --> 01:08:32,320 Speaker 1: and don't leave a fight unless you're being carried out dead. God, 1305 01:08:33,479 --> 01:08:37,240 Speaker 1: these are disorders screen light. Yeah, look you the only 1306 01:08:37,560 --> 01:08:41,639 Speaker 1: the only way you leave is in a bagh. Yeah, 1307 01:08:41,720 --> 01:08:44,400 Speaker 1: these guys are sucking. Um. You know, he's a gangster. 1308 01:08:44,880 --> 01:08:47,400 Speaker 1: This is a gangster regime. A lot of people at 1309 01:08:47,439 --> 01:08:50,320 Speaker 1: the time, actually, like a lot of American newspaperman in 1310 01:08:50,360 --> 01:08:52,559 Speaker 1: the twenties and thirties will say this about the Nazis. 1311 01:08:52,600 --> 01:08:57,240 Speaker 1: These people are working gangsters. Yeah. Now, a little before 1312 01:08:57,280 --> 01:09:00,519 Speaker 1: eight thirty pm, a hundred stormtroopers swarmed the premises of 1313 01:09:00,560 --> 01:09:03,280 Speaker 1: the Burger Brow and entered the beer hall, shouting Heil 1314 01:09:03,400 --> 01:09:06,960 Speaker 1: Hitler and waving guns. Herman Gering, who led the assault team, 1315 01:09:07,160 --> 01:09:10,560 Speaker 1: told the police officers outside that the government was being overthrown. 1316 01:09:10,960 --> 01:09:13,920 Speaker 1: The dozen or so cops there were easily overpowered. Garing 1317 01:09:14,000 --> 01:09:16,439 Speaker 1: and his men secured the building, and as he entered, 1318 01:09:16,479 --> 01:09:18,679 Speaker 1: he called for quiet. Now everybody's drunk at this point, 1319 01:09:18,760 --> 01:09:20,880 Speaker 1: so they don't get quiet. So he has to shoot 1320 01:09:20,920 --> 01:09:23,759 Speaker 1: into the roof with his handgun. Then he like basically 1321 01:09:23,840 --> 01:09:26,040 Speaker 1: hands things over to Hitler, who pulls off his trench 1322 01:09:26,120 --> 01:09:28,799 Speaker 1: coat to reveal a black suit with two iron crosses 1323 01:09:28,840 --> 01:09:31,320 Speaker 1: pinned to his lapel. And I'm gonna quote next from 1324 01:09:31,360 --> 01:09:34,640 Speaker 1: a rite up by Douglas oh Linder. He jumped up 1325 01:09:34,680 --> 01:09:36,880 Speaker 1: on a table, pulled out a pistol, and fired two 1326 01:09:36,920 --> 01:09:39,240 Speaker 1: shots into the ceilings. The second guy who's fired into 1327 01:09:39,280 --> 01:09:41,639 Speaker 1: the ceiling that night, it keeps happening. It happened several 1328 01:09:41,720 --> 01:09:45,719 Speaker 1: more drinking guys and fired two shots into the ceiling. Silence, 1329 01:09:45,800 --> 01:09:48,360 Speaker 1: he yelled. Then Hitler and several supporters pushed their way 1330 01:09:48,400 --> 01:09:50,519 Speaker 1: to the front of the room and confronted speaker Car 1331 01:09:50,640 --> 01:09:53,920 Speaker 1: at the podium. Stormtroopers pointed a machine gun at the crowd. 1332 01:09:54,200 --> 01:09:56,040 Speaker 1: Many who were in the audience leader said that they 1333 01:09:56,040 --> 01:09:59,559 Speaker 1: suspected they were about to witness an assassination. Hitler shouted 1334 01:09:59,600 --> 01:10:02,559 Speaker 1: to the crowd out, the national revolution has begun. Six 1335 01:10:02,680 --> 01:10:05,719 Speaker 1: hundred armed men are occupying this hall. No one may leave. 1336 01:10:06,120 --> 01:10:08,759 Speaker 1: The governments of Bavaria and in Berlin have been overthrown. 1337 01:10:09,120 --> 01:10:11,639 Speaker 1: Army barracks and police headquarters are now under the control 1338 01:10:11,720 --> 01:10:14,000 Speaker 1: of this party. None of this was true, but Hitler 1339 01:10:14,040 --> 01:10:16,799 Speaker 1: hoped and suspected that it would be soon enough. Hitler 1340 01:10:16,840 --> 01:10:19,559 Speaker 1: then told car and two other important political leaders, General 1341 01:10:19,640 --> 01:10:22,240 Speaker 1: von Lasso and Colonel von Seiser, that they should join 1342 01:10:22,360 --> 01:10:25,280 Speaker 1: him in a side room for a conversation about Bavaria's future. 1343 01:10:25,640 --> 01:10:28,479 Speaker 1: After the men leave, Garing told the crowd, you all 1344 01:10:28,560 --> 01:10:31,040 Speaker 1: have your beer, keep drinking. You have nothing to worry about. 1345 01:10:32,080 --> 01:10:34,679 Speaker 1: It's gonna be fine. It's just a punch. Chill out, guys. 1346 01:10:36,439 --> 01:10:39,639 Speaker 1: Nobody has to die. Man, keep drinking. Just that's it. Yeah, 1347 01:10:40,240 --> 01:10:43,719 Speaker 1: we're in charge where the Nazis. It's fine, it's fine. 1348 01:10:44,880 --> 01:10:49,559 Speaker 1: So Hitler's goal was to convince the triumvirate to back 1349 01:10:49,720 --> 01:10:52,880 Speaker 1: his plan. He wanted Bavaria's army units and police on 1350 01:10:52,960 --> 01:10:55,160 Speaker 1: his side. He doesn't want to fight these guys. His 1351 01:10:55,320 --> 01:10:57,640 Speaker 1: plan is to do a grander version of what Mussolini 1352 01:10:57,720 --> 01:11:00,600 Speaker 1: had done and start marching with Ten's basically all of 1353 01:11:00,680 --> 01:11:03,000 Speaker 1: the right wingers in the military of Bavaria and start 1354 01:11:03,120 --> 01:11:05,320 Speaker 1: marching up to Berlin. And he imagines thousands of people 1355 01:11:05,320 --> 01:11:07,040 Speaker 1: are going to join him on the way, and once 1356 01:11:07,080 --> 01:11:09,679 Speaker 1: they reach Berlin, they're going to overthrow the liberal government 1357 01:11:09,720 --> 01:11:13,160 Speaker 1: easily in institute of fascist state run by Hitler and Ludendorff. 1358 01:11:13,439 --> 01:11:15,800 Speaker 1: And of course for that to happen, they can't get 1359 01:11:15,880 --> 01:11:21,120 Speaker 1: bogged down fighting the Bavarian state right now. Seisser, loss 1360 01:11:21,160 --> 01:11:24,920 Speaker 1: Out and car were all pretty close to being fascists themselves. 1361 01:11:25,360 --> 01:11:28,560 Speaker 1: But these guys are all state loyal right, they're not revolutionaries. 1362 01:11:28,560 --> 01:11:30,800 Speaker 1: They don't want to overthrow the government. They want the 1363 01:11:30,840 --> 01:11:33,240 Speaker 1: government to change into a more right wing government. But 1364 01:11:33,280 --> 01:11:37,560 Speaker 1: they're not like bomb throwers like Hitler is um. So 1365 01:11:38,360 --> 01:11:40,519 Speaker 1: they didn't want to follow his weird little Nazi guy 1366 01:11:40,640 --> 01:11:43,600 Speaker 1: in open rebellion against the state. Now, Hitler tried to 1367 01:11:43,640 --> 01:11:45,920 Speaker 1: smooth talk them. He promised them cushy positions in the 1368 01:11:45,960 --> 01:11:49,360 Speaker 1: new regime. Car is a monarchist and Hitler tells him like, hey, man, 1369 01:11:49,360 --> 01:11:51,720 Speaker 1: I'm gonna bring back the King of Bavaria and you 1370 01:11:51,840 --> 01:11:53,880 Speaker 1: can be his envoy to the government. Isn't that like 1371 01:11:54,000 --> 01:12:01,920 Speaker 1: your dream? Um? Right? Yeah? So they resist um Car 1372 01:12:02,040 --> 01:12:04,280 Speaker 1: and Lasso and everyone like they're not they're not on 1373 01:12:04,400 --> 01:12:07,000 Speaker 1: board with this, And before very long, Hitler did what 1374 01:12:07,160 --> 01:12:11,240 Speaker 1: Hitler's do and he starts threatening to murder them at gunpoint. Now, Ludendorff, 1375 01:12:11,360 --> 01:12:14,120 Speaker 1: who like when the occupation of the beer Hall starts, 1376 01:12:14,200 --> 01:12:16,000 Speaker 1: Ludendorff like some Nazis show up at his house and 1377 01:12:16,000 --> 01:12:17,640 Speaker 1: they're like, hey, you know that thing you kind of 1378 01:12:17,720 --> 01:12:21,240 Speaker 1: agreed to, we're doing it. Ludendorff like shows up and 1379 01:12:21,400 --> 01:12:23,360 Speaker 1: it's like, okay, I guess we'll see if this works. 1380 01:12:23,600 --> 01:12:26,320 Speaker 1: And he's kind of horrified by Hitler's behavior because Ludendorff 1381 01:12:26,439 --> 01:12:30,519 Speaker 1: is a he's like a classic imperial German manners dude, Right, 1382 01:12:30,560 --> 01:12:33,639 Speaker 1: there are ways in which you, especially these people are nobles. 1383 01:12:34,600 --> 01:12:37,040 Speaker 1: You don't you don't point a gun in their face, right, 1384 01:12:37,200 --> 01:12:40,400 Speaker 1: Like that's very ghost and he's not. He doesn't like 1385 01:12:40,600 --> 01:12:42,840 Speaker 1: Hitler in a lot of ways because Hitler's a fucking, 1386 01:12:43,080 --> 01:12:47,960 Speaker 1: you know, kind of a peon to him, but he's not, 1387 01:12:48,280 --> 01:12:50,960 Speaker 1: you know, he's he's he's gotten acclimatized to being in 1388 01:12:51,040 --> 01:12:55,439 Speaker 1: high society. Hitler is very much crude, um damn and 1389 01:12:55,520 --> 01:12:58,400 Speaker 1: Ludendorff is kind of like horrified by this, but he's 1390 01:12:58,680 --> 01:13:00,840 Speaker 1: he's still on board with the Jim Rule plan because 1391 01:13:00,840 --> 01:13:02,920 Speaker 1: he wants to take over the government and institute right 1392 01:13:02,960 --> 01:13:07,439 Speaker 1: wing military dictatorship. And eventually, now that once Ludendorf shows 1393 01:13:07,520 --> 01:13:11,400 Speaker 1: up to these guys, car And and Lasso and Sisser 1394 01:13:11,840 --> 01:13:14,960 Speaker 1: kind of agree to help the putsch and agree to 1395 01:13:15,040 --> 01:13:18,719 Speaker 1: like basically put the powers of the Bavarian state behind 1396 01:13:18,800 --> 01:13:22,200 Speaker 1: Hitler's push attempt. And they didn't really mean it, but 1397 01:13:22,400 --> 01:13:24,280 Speaker 1: a guy was threatening to murder them, so they're like 1398 01:13:24,439 --> 01:13:31,200 Speaker 1: all right, yeah, yeah. Now, while this was happening, different 1399 01:13:31,320 --> 01:13:34,080 Speaker 1: armed groups of Nazis were out capturing key parts of 1400 01:13:34,120 --> 01:13:37,320 Speaker 1: the city. The Bavarian War Ministry was taken by Ernst 1401 01:13:37,439 --> 01:13:40,360 Speaker 1: Rome and his men, including young Heinrich Himler, and they 1402 01:13:40,439 --> 01:13:43,920 Speaker 1: proceeded to fortify it. Another group of four hundred stormtroopers 1403 01:13:44,000 --> 01:13:46,120 Speaker 1: was sent to take guns and equipment from the army 1404 01:13:46,200 --> 01:13:48,840 Speaker 1: engineer barracks. Now this is a very fun story because 1405 01:13:48,880 --> 01:13:51,240 Speaker 1: these Nazis all show up and the captain on duty 1406 01:13:51,520 --> 01:13:53,880 Speaker 1: who's like in charge of handing out guns and stuff. 1407 01:13:53,880 --> 01:13:56,200 Speaker 1: They're like, hey, we're here to do maneuvers. Can we 1408 01:13:56,360 --> 01:14:00,160 Speaker 1: borrow the guns? Um? And the captain realizes something is 1409 01:14:00,280 --> 01:14:03,000 Speaker 1: very fishy, and it's like, you can use the guns, 1410 01:14:03,040 --> 01:14:04,720 Speaker 1: but you can't go on maneuvers outside. You got to 1411 01:14:04,800 --> 01:14:07,280 Speaker 1: show up inside and like the big gymnasium and then 1412 01:14:07,320 --> 01:14:08,720 Speaker 1: I'll hand you the guns there and you can do 1413 01:14:08,800 --> 01:14:12,160 Speaker 1: your maneuvers inside. And so all four hundred Nazis go 1414 01:14:12,280 --> 01:14:15,360 Speaker 1: into the gymnasium and he locks it from the outside. Brilliant. 1415 01:14:20,560 --> 01:14:23,040 Speaker 1: Yeah here, he bro yeah, yeah, I got you us 1416 01:14:23,120 --> 01:14:26,760 Speaker 1: right here there, Yeah, right inside the door. I got you. 1417 01:14:28,560 --> 01:14:30,839 Speaker 1: This guy's name should be remembered. His name is Captain 1418 01:14:30,880 --> 01:14:33,920 Speaker 1: Oscar Canceler, and he ruled. He he saves the German 1419 01:14:34,000 --> 01:14:36,880 Speaker 1: state that night. He definitely stays at least for a 1420 01:14:37,000 --> 01:14:38,920 Speaker 1: little while. You know, it didn't last, but he did 1421 01:14:39,000 --> 01:14:41,759 Speaker 1: his bit um. So the Nazis who were locked inside 1422 01:14:41,800 --> 01:14:44,040 Speaker 1: couldn't call Hitler to let him know they had the guns. 1423 01:14:44,120 --> 01:14:46,160 Speaker 1: And we're ready to take part in the Putsch and 1424 01:14:46,280 --> 01:14:48,479 Speaker 1: Hitler was waiting for that call. Right, He's got teams 1425 01:14:48,520 --> 01:14:51,439 Speaker 1: going out and seizing places in the city, and he realizes, like, 1426 01:14:51,479 --> 01:14:53,960 Speaker 1: these dudes haven't called in from the barracks yet, Right, 1427 01:14:54,120 --> 01:14:56,360 Speaker 1: something must be wrong. And this was a key part 1428 01:14:56,400 --> 01:14:59,640 Speaker 1: of his intricate plan. Uh and he knew. So this 1429 01:14:59,760 --> 01:15:02,760 Speaker 1: kind put Hitler in a bind. Um. He knew that 1430 01:15:03,120 --> 01:15:06,040 Speaker 1: the Triumvirate were not enthusiastic about this plan, and if 1431 01:15:06,080 --> 01:15:08,240 Speaker 1: if he was going to keep them enthusiastic and like 1432 01:15:08,400 --> 01:15:11,200 Speaker 1: kind of forced them to be enthusiastic his men, and 1433 01:15:11,360 --> 01:15:13,040 Speaker 1: we're going to have to be in total control of 1434 01:15:13,120 --> 01:15:15,639 Speaker 1: the city. Right if he could, if he could really 1435 01:15:15,760 --> 01:15:18,200 Speaker 1: be in charge in Munich, they weren't going to fight him. 1436 01:15:18,240 --> 01:15:20,160 Speaker 1: They give the army the orders to go along with it, 1437 01:15:20,240 --> 01:15:22,800 Speaker 1: right because they don't want to die. But he's got 1438 01:15:22,880 --> 01:15:26,559 Speaker 1: to actually be in charge. And making his first critical mistake, 1439 01:15:26,800 --> 01:15:29,439 Speaker 1: Hitler desize it's necessary for him to leave the Burger 1440 01:15:29,479 --> 01:15:32,160 Speaker 1: Brow beer hall late that night to see what's going 1441 01:15:32,240 --> 01:15:35,320 Speaker 1: on at the Engineer barracks, and he leaves Ludendorff alone 1442 01:15:35,400 --> 01:15:39,240 Speaker 1: with the Triumvirate. This is a bad call. Oh, So 1443 01:15:39,840 --> 01:15:42,840 Speaker 1: Hitler and his Nazis know these guys are captives. He 1444 01:15:42,960 --> 01:15:45,160 Speaker 1: knows that he's holding them against their will. He knows 1445 01:15:45,200 --> 01:15:48,280 Speaker 1: that if they're agreeing, it's they're not really that on 1446 01:15:48,439 --> 01:15:52,880 Speaker 1: board with the idea. Ludendorff again is kind of not 1447 01:15:53,080 --> 01:15:55,760 Speaker 1: being told the entire truth about what's happening, and he 1448 01:15:55,840 --> 01:15:59,320 Speaker 1: thinks these guys are fellow German patriots, right um. And 1449 01:15:59,400 --> 01:16:01,680 Speaker 1: he also thought they looked tired, you know, it's been 1450 01:16:01,720 --> 01:16:03,479 Speaker 1: a long night. And he's like, do you guys want 1451 01:16:03,520 --> 01:16:05,400 Speaker 1: to go home and like take a nap or something, 1452 01:16:05,720 --> 01:16:07,360 Speaker 1: and they're like, yeah, we would like to go home, 1453 01:16:07,400 --> 01:16:11,200 Speaker 1: and he's likely, bro, yeah, man, you guys are German officers. I, 1454 01:16:11,520 --> 01:16:13,920 Speaker 1: as a German officer, know that no German officer would 1455 01:16:13,920 --> 01:16:16,679 Speaker 1: ever lie. Give me your word of honor that you'll 1456 01:16:16,760 --> 01:16:21,040 Speaker 1: come back to help us finish the coup tomorrow. Yeah, yeah, yeah, 1457 01:16:21,040 --> 01:16:22,920 Speaker 1: we'll be back. What's time we'll be yeah, they say, 1458 01:16:22,960 --> 01:16:25,000 Speaker 1: of course we'll come back, of course, Bro. What's what's 1459 01:16:25,040 --> 01:16:29,160 Speaker 1: I like, tan, Yeah, yeah, yeah, we'll see you in 1460 01:16:29,160 --> 01:16:31,800 Speaker 1: the morning. Yeah. So some of the Nazis there are 1461 01:16:31,880 --> 01:16:34,240 Speaker 1: Nazis in the room too, and they see Ludendorf doing this, 1462 01:16:34,320 --> 01:16:37,200 Speaker 1: They're like dude, they're not gonna come back. And Ludendorff 1463 01:16:37,280 --> 01:16:40,839 Speaker 1: gets pissed at them and he's like, I forbid anyone 1464 01:16:40,960 --> 01:16:44,280 Speaker 1: in this room from doubting the word of a German officer. 1465 01:16:44,439 --> 01:16:51,479 Speaker 1: How dare you? YEA? When I was a kid, uh, 1466 01:16:52,000 --> 01:16:55,760 Speaker 1: you know, the like the clue you was about to 1467 01:16:55,800 --> 01:16:59,360 Speaker 1: get knocked out but robbed by somebody like hey, hey, hey, hey, 1468 01:17:00,040 --> 01:17:02,639 Speaker 1: your phone right quick? Let me use your phone? Yeah, 1469 01:17:03,080 --> 01:17:05,840 Speaker 1: Well you would look and be like, don't get that 1470 01:17:05,960 --> 01:17:08,800 Speaker 1: man your phone. Do not walk over there and get 1471 01:17:08,840 --> 01:17:09,920 Speaker 1: that mean, what are you talking my many? You just 1472 01:17:09,960 --> 01:17:12,840 Speaker 1: want to borrow my phone. Don't give him your phone? 1473 01:17:14,160 --> 01:17:16,760 Speaker 1: What do you do? You keep walking? Bro? Like, hey, hey, man, 1474 01:17:16,840 --> 01:17:19,200 Speaker 1: come on, let me just use it right quick? No, 1475 01:17:19,720 --> 01:17:23,160 Speaker 1: man like like you know what do you what do you? 1476 01:17:23,240 --> 01:17:24,920 Speaker 1: What do you? What are you doing? What are you doing? Well? 1477 01:17:25,040 --> 01:17:28,519 Speaker 1: There it is now you're now you're sleeping. Hey, just 1478 01:17:28,600 --> 01:17:30,760 Speaker 1: put you to sleep and your stare foot The guy 1479 01:17:30,840 --> 01:17:33,519 Speaker 1: just stole your shoes. I told you not to. Yeah, 1480 01:17:33,800 --> 01:17:36,000 Speaker 1: so that that's totally funny. Like the guys in room 1481 01:17:36,120 --> 01:17:38,760 Speaker 1: saying yeah. The boss is like, yeah, let him go 1482 01:17:38,840 --> 01:17:40,320 Speaker 1: take a nap, and the dudes are like, hey, I 1483 01:17:40,360 --> 01:17:42,360 Speaker 1: don't think that's a good idea. Man, you really think 1484 01:17:42,400 --> 01:17:44,280 Speaker 1: they're gonna come back, Like, I don't think they're gonna 1485 01:17:44,320 --> 01:17:47,120 Speaker 1: come back. Hey boss, maybe you shouldn't let them leave 1486 01:17:48,320 --> 01:17:52,120 Speaker 1: you kind of seeing this why Ludendorff didn't win the war, right, Yeah? Yeah, 1487 01:17:52,640 --> 01:17:57,160 Speaker 1: like this good idea, coach, Yeah, hey boss, this this 1488 01:17:57,320 --> 01:18:00,599 Speaker 1: might not be the plan. So that is where we're 1489 01:18:00,600 --> 01:18:05,040 Speaker 1: gonna leave it in part one. General Ludendorff the genius 1490 01:18:05,280 --> 01:18:08,880 Speaker 1: of German military tactics. It's just let everyone go that 1491 01:18:09,000 --> 01:18:13,719 Speaker 1: he needs in order to make Germans don't lie, German 1492 01:18:13,800 --> 01:18:18,200 Speaker 1: officers don't lie. Um, I swear to you, I'm coming back. 1493 01:18:18,200 --> 01:18:20,800 Speaker 1: I'll bring back Yeah, absolutely tons of coffee. We're gonna 1494 01:18:20,800 --> 01:18:23,400 Speaker 1: we're gonna push the hell out of this state. Give 1495 01:18:23,439 --> 01:18:27,479 Speaker 1: me a minute, Yeah, let me get a nap um prop. 1496 01:18:27,520 --> 01:18:29,360 Speaker 1: You want to plug any plug doubles before we roll 1497 01:18:29,439 --> 01:18:33,000 Speaker 1: out and then I do. Yeah, you can follow me 1498 01:18:33,040 --> 01:18:35,320 Speaker 1: on all the things proper hip hop. Got a podcast 1499 01:18:35,400 --> 01:18:38,720 Speaker 1: called the Politics will prop that um given all the 1500 01:18:38,800 --> 01:18:42,759 Speaker 1: good takes, uh and um. I got some T shirts 1501 01:18:42,800 --> 01:18:44,760 Speaker 1: and music, a lot of music rolling out this year, 1502 01:18:44,800 --> 01:18:47,600 Speaker 1: so I can't wait to show you all that is 1503 01:18:47,760 --> 01:18:51,880 Speaker 1: like the highest quality, Like I wear his shirts all 1504 01:18:51,960 --> 01:18:54,880 Speaker 1: the time. Yeah, I try to. They're all they're all like, 1505 01:18:55,000 --> 01:19:00,000 Speaker 1: they're all like you know, uh, ethically sourced and recyclable material. 1506 01:19:00,400 --> 01:19:06,000 Speaker 1: Yeah yeah. Yeah. So that's me highly recommend And you 1507 01:19:06,120 --> 01:19:08,720 Speaker 1: can find me somewhere on the internet if if you 1508 01:19:09,000 --> 01:19:12,120 Speaker 1: first told me in your heart, but only then, only 1509 01:19:12,200 --> 01:19:15,360 Speaker 1: if I am with you, and you can follow me 1510 01:19:15,520 --> 01:19:22,360 Speaker 1: on Twitter. I'm underscore Sophie, underscore why I was, Yeah, 1511 01:19:22,400 --> 01:19:28,679 Speaker 1: happy plugged for myself. You should not and uh yeah, 1512 01:19:28,880 --> 01:19:31,960 Speaker 1: check out Sophie, check out prop find me in your 1513 01:19:32,000 --> 01:19:34,559 Speaker 1: heart and come back on Thursday to hear the thrilling 1514 01:19:34,640 --> 01:19:48,639 Speaker 1: conclusion of Put Put Tabulous. There you go, yes, but Sam, Yes,