WEBVTT - Part One: The Tramp Printers: Union Vagabonds 0:00:00.800 --> 0:00:03.040 Hello, and welcome to Cool People Who Did Cool Stuff, 0:00:03.040 --> 0:00:05.200 the podcast that does what it says in the title, 0:00:05.640 --> 0:00:08.760 I mean host Margaret Kiljoy, the Arbiter of Cool People, 0:00:09.080 --> 0:00:12.600 the Arbiter of cool Stuff. Also, I discovered today I'm 0:00:12.600 --> 0:00:15.480 the one who gets to determine who is sick and 0:00:15.520 --> 0:00:19.159 who is healthy with me today, as my guest is 0:00:19.239 --> 0:00:21.640 a cool person, a bona fide cool person. Since I'm 0:00:21.680 --> 0:00:24.320 the arbiter of cool people, this is a good bit. 0:00:24.320 --> 0:00:27.280 I'm very excited about this. Caitlin durante Um, best known 0:00:27.280 --> 0:00:30.080 perhaps for hosting the show The Beachtel Cast. Caitlin, how 0:00:30.080 --> 0:00:33.159 are you? I'm pretty good? Thank you? How are you? 0:00:34.800 --> 0:00:37.279 I'm okay. I've been driving all day and now I'm 0:00:37.280 --> 0:00:39.680 podcasting all day. I somehow I have two days today. 0:00:40.360 --> 0:00:43.760 Mm hmm, yeah, I guess I already asked how are you? 0:00:44.520 --> 0:00:47.159 I'll answer again. All allow right, all right, all right. 0:00:47.240 --> 0:00:49.839 Let's you said that you get to decide who is 0:00:49.880 --> 0:00:51.920 sick and who is not. And that's a reference to 0:00:52.840 --> 0:00:55.480 when we were talking off Mike about how I've been 0:00:55.520 --> 0:00:59.400 a little sick lately and it's my responsibility to be 0:00:59.560 --> 0:01:04.040 so like just funny and good and charming on your 0:01:04.080 --> 0:01:09.720 episode today or I will stay sick. That will be punishment. Yeah, 0:01:09.840 --> 0:01:14.880 and so it's up to the audience to descernment. How funny, Caitlin, 0:01:15.520 --> 0:01:20.440 this is the worst and luckily humor is completely objective. 0:01:20.920 --> 0:01:27.479 That's true, so classically yeah, famously yeah, yeah, Okay, well, 0:01:27.760 --> 0:01:30.480 I'll tell you what. Well, at the end, we'll let 0:01:30.640 --> 0:01:33.520 it'll be Sophie and I will decide how about that 0:01:33.520 --> 0:01:38.600 instead of as the audience, Yes, our producer, uh and 0:01:38.760 --> 0:01:44.840 fellow arboriter of illness and well healthy Sophie. Sophie, how 0:01:44.840 --> 0:01:46.960 are you doing? I mean, I'm doing well, and I 0:01:47.040 --> 0:01:50.360 feel like I feel like, uh, you know, Caitlin, who 0:01:50.440 --> 0:01:54.240 does have a master's integrating, we'll we'll do really well 0:01:54.280 --> 0:01:56.320 at um. I mean, I know you don't like to 0:01:56.360 --> 0:01:58.480 mention it, but we'll do really well. I mean, I 0:01:58.840 --> 0:02:01.800 hate it, will do really well and making us go ah, 0:02:01.840 --> 0:02:06.280 and therefore will not have to be unwell, Okay, Like 0:02:06.320 --> 0:02:09.160 I feel I feel confident that because Kaylin has a 0:02:09.160 --> 0:02:11.160 master's screwding, that this is going to go really well 0:02:11.200 --> 0:02:13.960 for all of us. I mean, I've met a lot 0:02:14.000 --> 0:02:18.000 of people with masters in screenwriting and otherwise who are 0:02:18.040 --> 0:02:22.400 not good at making people laugh, So it's not. But 0:02:22.560 --> 0:02:29.640 what I mean is, yes, s freaking funny. That's good. Good, 0:02:29.680 --> 0:02:34.320 I'm glad. So to considue our credits, our sound engineers Ian, 0:02:34.760 --> 0:02:37.440 and our theme music was written by the esteemable musician 0:02:37.520 --> 0:02:41.800 known only under the mysterious name on Woman, also under 0:02:41.800 --> 0:02:46.040 other names to friends. But so, Caitlin, you have a 0:02:46.080 --> 0:02:49.760 master's degree in screenwriting, is what I hear? That makes 0:02:49.760 --> 0:02:52.000 you kind of an expert on film stuff. And last 0:02:52.000 --> 0:02:54.040 time we had you on we talked about film stuff 0:02:54.639 --> 0:02:59.880 Max Shrek who Since that recording, we did a bectel 0:03:00.000 --> 0:03:04.320 past episode on Batman Returns, which famously has a character 0:03:04.400 --> 0:03:09.040 played by Christopher Walkin named Max Shrek. The character was 0:03:09.120 --> 0:03:14.040 named after the actor whoa he discussed at length. I 0:03:14.080 --> 0:03:16.640 watched a nose ferato Since the last time I saw you, 0:03:16.960 --> 0:03:20.679 I watched and you did not watch Twilight, so you 0:03:20.760 --> 0:03:24.200 will not get Caitlin eyes jokes that still continues to 0:03:24.200 --> 0:03:26.720 be true now. Instead I had to watch like something 0:03:26.800 --> 0:03:31.520 like Okay, who's the the director who likes getting shot 0:03:31.520 --> 0:03:34.080 on camera and jumping into thanks full of cactuses and 0:03:34.160 --> 0:03:43.760 making documentaries about how terrible the world is? Dead Pan Germany? Um, 0:03:43.760 --> 0:03:48.680 oh my gosh, his name he did Grizzly Man and stuff. Yeah, 0:03:48.680 --> 0:03:53.440 I think so, oh what is his name? I normally 0:03:53.480 --> 0:03:55.160 this is like a name I normally know in my 0:03:55.240 --> 0:04:01.200 daily life. Same. Uh it's um Oh. I am googling 0:04:01.200 --> 0:04:07.040 it because I have to know. I watched The Verner 0:04:07.080 --> 0:04:14.320 her Zog Knows ferrall too since last I really liked it. 0:04:14.360 --> 0:04:18.440 But then I watched on The Devil's based on Aldie 0:04:18.520 --> 0:04:21.440 Huxley book, and like, this makes me sound like I'm 0:04:21.520 --> 0:04:23.760 very much like an old film buff, which is I'll 0:04:23.800 --> 0:04:26.960 pretend like it's true in order to get the cred 0:04:27.120 --> 0:04:30.159 and viewed as pretentious that that will allow me to 0:04:30.160 --> 0:04:32.840 have access to but every every all the other movies 0:04:32.880 --> 0:04:34.560 I watched this, Like last week, I kind of wiped 0:04:34.600 --> 0:04:37.360 away by The Devil's Um, it was really good m 0:04:38.240 --> 0:04:42.600 But this time we're not talking about film stuff. I 0:04:42.720 --> 0:04:47.280 just like having you on. Thank you so much. Today 0:04:47.800 --> 0:04:50.640 we're going to talk about labor union Hobos. We traveled 0:04:50.640 --> 0:04:53.200 around the US on freight trains and later in r 0:04:53.240 --> 0:05:00.080 vs who were printers and printed newspapers. No kidding, I 0:05:00.160 --> 0:05:05.880 also have a master's degree in that, so I don't 0:05:05.880 --> 0:05:17.240 know this episode. Yeah, exactly master's degree in freight train writing. Yeah, excellent. 0:05:17.600 --> 0:05:21.120 So these tramp printers laid out a ton of the 0:05:21.120 --> 0:05:23.240 newspapers that did a ton of the political ship that 0:05:23.279 --> 0:05:25.160 made a ton of things happen in this country, lots 0:05:25.160 --> 0:05:30.320 of good things and bad things. M They were the hard, drinking, 0:05:30.360 --> 0:05:34.720 hard fighting, hard cussin book reading, lonely road rail writing, 0:05:35.320 --> 0:05:41.720 short living, morally complicated and not boring tramp printers. All right, 0:05:42.560 --> 0:05:45.400 but first, have you ever heard of a printing press? 0:05:47.160 --> 0:05:53.960 I have heard of a printing press. Yes, excellent. Um, 0:05:54.000 --> 0:05:55.760 I gotta I gotta talk. In order to talk about 0:05:55.760 --> 0:05:57.480 these people. I thought I'd be able to like cut 0:05:57.600 --> 0:05:59.120 right in, to be like and then they had a union, 0:05:59.160 --> 0:06:01.479 and then they did this off and then like slowly 0:06:01.480 --> 0:06:05.240 I realized that the like, the physical form of printing 0:06:05.600 --> 0:06:08.679 really ties into a lot of stuff about their culture. 0:06:09.120 --> 0:06:15.240 So we got a flashback to like, that's my guests 0:06:15.400 --> 0:06:20.120 for the date that a printing press was invented. Well, 0:06:20.800 --> 0:06:23.000 there might have been a printing press invented, but it 0:06:23.120 --> 0:06:26.039 is not when the printing presses we're talking about were invented? 0:06:28.000 --> 0:06:30.480 Is the main European one. I think it's in my script, 0:06:30.560 --> 0:06:32.719 and so therefore I totally know it and I don't 0:06:33.160 --> 0:06:37.039 ever forget things, and like a whatever animal it is 0:06:37.080 --> 0:06:40.680 that doesn't forget things. Um, that's also a good bit. 0:06:40.839 --> 0:06:44.960 It's a joke. Yeah, thank you, all right. So on 0:06:45.040 --> 0:06:47.840 some level, printing seems like a chore that is just 0:06:47.960 --> 0:06:49.599 part of what we read, right, It's part of the 0:06:49.640 --> 0:06:53.599 process of making things. But printing is really the core 0:06:53.720 --> 0:06:56.159 of media and mass communication, and like the origin of 0:06:56.200 --> 0:07:01.320 mass communication, without hands set type, there wouldn't be mass literacy, 0:07:01.400 --> 0:07:03.640 at least in the Western world. There was a good 0:07:03.640 --> 0:07:07.160 amount of literacy in the Eastern world going back a 0:07:07.200 --> 0:07:10.320 thousand years before Europe figured out how to read without 0:07:10.400 --> 0:07:12.600 using movable type, even though they had movable type. Whatever 0:07:12.600 --> 0:07:16.280 I'm getting ahead, mhm. Europe was kind of a backwater 0:07:16.360 --> 0:07:19.480 of the world until people they're figured out that they 0:07:19.480 --> 0:07:26.120 could colonize everyone and be monsters. And movable type, like 0:07:26.160 --> 0:07:28.600 a lot of things, was first invented in what is 0:07:28.600 --> 0:07:30.960 now China, or I guess was China at the time too. 0:07:31.640 --> 0:07:35.360 In the eleventh century, guy named b Shang mostly used porcelain, 0:07:35.440 --> 0:07:37.480 but he also used wood, and he made movable type 0:07:37.480 --> 0:07:39.920 with all of the different characters and stuff and it 0:07:39.920 --> 0:07:43.000 didn't really catch on at the time he invented it, 0:07:43.040 --> 0:07:45.200 and it was used for some stuff, but it wasn't 0:07:45.240 --> 0:07:50.240 like it didn't replace woodblock cutting m pretty quickly. Uh, 0:07:50.400 --> 0:07:52.800 some folks in China and some folks in Korea figured 0:07:52.800 --> 0:07:56.840 out metal movable type started using it. Again, didn't really 0:07:56.840 --> 0:08:00.920 take off, basically, would block printing with whole pages carved 0:08:00.920 --> 0:08:04.080 at a time stayed the normal way of printing stuff. 0:08:04.560 --> 0:08:08.760 And there's lots of like reasons why this is. But 0:08:08.960 --> 0:08:10.640 like a lot of history that has to do with 0:08:10.680 --> 0:08:16.640 Western historians writing about Asian history, everyone's like, I'm not 0:08:16.720 --> 0:08:19.120 really sure if they're being objective or I'm not really 0:08:19.120 --> 0:08:23.119 sure he's being objective in these histories. Sure, it seems 0:08:23.120 --> 0:08:26.040 like it didn't catch on basically because it wasn't necessary 0:08:26.560 --> 0:08:29.040 based on the way that typography worked and like the 0:08:29.040 --> 0:08:31.679 way that the written language has worked in different places. 0:08:33.040 --> 0:08:36.440 So for like a thousand years, the Eastern world was 0:08:36.520 --> 0:08:39.040 using woodblock printed books and they were doing quite well, 0:08:39.240 --> 0:08:41.880 while Europe was still scribbling away by candle light with 0:08:41.960 --> 0:08:47.000 quill and ink. And so once again that's how I 0:08:47.040 --> 0:08:52.000 send my tweets out. It's quill and ink. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, 0:08:52.200 --> 0:08:55.920 no that. Um, yeah, you know, I feel like at 0:08:55.960 --> 0:08:58.000 this point, tweets are probably about as long as I 0:08:58.240 --> 0:09:02.520 used to handwrite all my like fiction, no kidding, yeah, 0:09:02.640 --> 0:09:06.080 I I couldn't imagine doing that anymore. I don't know, 0:09:08.200 --> 0:09:13.880 because of a man named Johannes Guttenberg. I don't know 0:09:13.880 --> 0:09:17.480 if I said his first name, right. He was probably 0:09:17.480 --> 0:09:21.600 born around the year fourteen hundred. And I'm really annoyed 0:09:21.640 --> 0:09:23.200 because I was like, oh, I'm gonna do this deep 0:09:23.200 --> 0:09:28.000 Divan Gutenberg for this part of this episode. He's really boring. Like, yeah, 0:09:28.520 --> 0:09:30.360 as far as I can tell, maybe some would have 0:09:30.400 --> 0:09:33.400 proved me wrong, but everything I've read about him not 0:09:33.480 --> 0:09:36.600 like the most interesting guy, one of the most influential 0:09:36.640 --> 0:09:39.800 figures in history, like kind of up there with like 0:09:39.880 --> 0:09:43.440 Jesus and Mohammed in terms of like pure cultural impact, 0:09:43.559 --> 0:09:48.319 you know. But um, by the mid fourteen hundreds, he 0:09:48.400 --> 0:09:50.199 was like, hey, guys, I've got an idea, and he 0:09:50.360 --> 0:09:53.800 changed basically everything about the world ever since. Not necessarily 0:09:53.840 --> 0:09:56.680 for the better, because Europe no longer being a backwater 0:09:56.760 --> 0:10:01.600 has actually worked out really badly for everyone, right, but 0:10:01.760 --> 0:10:05.000 he certainly changed the world. Okay, As a tangent, I 0:10:05.080 --> 0:10:07.559 used to stay in the squat in Amsterdam years ago, 0:10:07.600 --> 0:10:09.840 and there was this, um, this little piece of graffiti 0:10:09.880 --> 0:10:14.240 that said changed the world, make it worse, um, and 0:10:14.240 --> 0:10:16.240 then someone changed it to change the world, make it 0:10:16.280 --> 0:10:20.280 hoarsey instead of worse. But okay, nice anyway, I already know. 0:10:20.320 --> 0:10:21.839 And then I think about that one. I'm feeling really 0:10:21.880 --> 0:10:24.319 cynicals changed the world make it worse, which is what 0:10:24.360 --> 0:10:26.760 Guttenberg managed to do. Maybe I don't know. Whatever, I'm 0:10:26.760 --> 0:10:28.920 not trying to put a moral judgment on this particular character. 0:10:29.960 --> 0:10:35.040 He invented movable type again sort of in four it's 0:10:35.080 --> 0:10:41.360 like one or whatever date I said, right, yes, sorry, yeah, okay, 0:10:41.600 --> 0:10:43.840 well for now we'll go on the wrong one, the 0:10:43.880 --> 0:10:48.000 one that I got off offers. Yeah, Um, I didn't 0:10:48.040 --> 0:10:52.480 ask you. I should have asked you. So historians like 0:10:52.520 --> 0:10:54.559 to argue about whether or not movable type found its 0:10:54.559 --> 0:10:56.760 way over from China or whether it was like invented 0:10:56.760 --> 0:11:00.280 whole cloth separately. Um. There's a couple other people who 0:11:00.280 --> 0:11:02.360 were like, no, I swear I invented at the same 0:11:02.400 --> 0:11:05.640 time over in the Netherlands. It just didn't like take off, right, 0:11:06.360 --> 0:11:08.679 And so a lot of people were like thinking about 0:11:08.679 --> 0:11:11.200 these concepts at the same time. And Gutenberg of force 0:11:11.280 --> 0:11:13.439 also didn't like solely invented. He was working with a 0:11:13.440 --> 0:11:15.320 bunch of other people whose names are forgotten from mystery, 0:11:15.360 --> 0:11:17.120 who I didn't feel like writing into my script, so 0:11:17.200 --> 0:11:21.120 they will continue to be forgotten. And he still did 0:11:21.160 --> 0:11:24.760 a lot no matter what. He got an immovable type, 0:11:25.720 --> 0:11:28.640 and he also invented an alloy of lead, tin and 0:11:28.720 --> 0:11:32.079 antimony called type metal that was very good to cast 0:11:32.120 --> 0:11:35.920 type out of, basically like making you know, casting each 0:11:35.920 --> 0:11:39.720 individual letter so that you can print with it. Sure, 0:11:40.760 --> 0:11:43.480 he developed really neat ways of casting type. He developed 0:11:43.520 --> 0:11:46.960 oil based inks that did a really good job of printing, 0:11:47.160 --> 0:11:50.360 and just like all around good job Gutenberg. He he 0:11:50.400 --> 0:11:53.320 took things further than anyone else had taken them as 0:11:53.360 --> 0:11:57.760 far as I can tell, mhm. And this time movable type. 0:11:58.480 --> 0:12:02.400 It takes off. Within a decade, it's all over Europe. 0:12:02.760 --> 0:12:05.760 You've got this massive explosion of media and literacy and 0:12:05.800 --> 0:12:08.520 all kinds of neat ship. The most famous thing he 0:12:08.559 --> 0:12:10.880 did is in that fourteen fifty five or you know, 0:12:11.360 --> 0:12:16.040 before he even invented this, in he printed the Gutenberg Bible, 0:12:16.160 --> 0:12:19.319 which was the first type set Bible, which probably did 0:12:19.320 --> 0:12:23.640 a lot for people being Christians. I guess, I don't know. 0:12:25.360 --> 0:12:28.320 The printing press first reached Mexico and the fifteen hundreds, 0:12:28.720 --> 0:12:32.360 it first reached what became later the US in early 0:12:32.400 --> 0:12:35.920 sixteen hundreds, when a woman actually started the first printing 0:12:36.000 --> 0:12:41.560 press in the United States, Elizabeth Glover feminist icon, I know, 0:12:41.800 --> 0:12:45.480 and like many medieval feminist icons or Renaissance femist icons 0:12:45.559 --> 0:12:49.360 or whatever, she became in charge of things through the 0:12:49.400 --> 0:12:54.880 old fashioned method of her husband dying. Her husband was like, 0:12:54.920 --> 0:12:57.679 we're taking this print and press to America, babe, and 0:12:57.720 --> 0:13:01.040 she was like, all right, that's cool. And then on 0:13:01.080 --> 0:13:05.480 the boat over he mysteriously died. I don't actually think 0:13:05.520 --> 0:13:07.280 she murdered him, but I wish she had. That would 0:13:07.280 --> 0:13:12.280 have been more. I like that headcanon though, And so 0:13:13.120 --> 0:13:17.000 you know, he probably died of smallpox. Because it's the 0:13:17.040 --> 0:13:22.400 seventeenth century, right, So women have been involved in printing 0:13:22.440 --> 0:13:25.280 since the beginning of printing, basically before it was the US. 0:13:25.320 --> 0:13:29.160 The first woman editor of a newspaper was named Katerina Zanger, 0:13:29.480 --> 0:13:31.880 who took over the business from her husband. And this 0:13:32.000 --> 0:13:34.600 time she took over because he was in jail for printing. 0:13:35.200 --> 0:13:38.360 Like pamphlets critical of the governor, and then later he 0:13:38.440 --> 0:13:43.000 died and so she became the first woman editor of 0:13:43.000 --> 0:13:47.640 a newspaper. Mm hmm. Western World gets ahold of the 0:13:47.640 --> 0:13:50.440 printing press and printing they did. And the thing that's 0:13:50.440 --> 0:13:54.440 really interesting is that for fucking hundreds of years, more 0:13:54.520 --> 0:13:57.199 or less than toil than eighteen eighties, the basic idea 0:13:57.200 --> 0:14:01.680 of how printing was done didn't change mm hmm. Like 0:14:01.840 --> 0:14:04.679 it was a stationary and not entirely right. There was 0:14:04.679 --> 0:14:07.600 like different things people developed, but overall more or less 0:14:07.600 --> 0:14:11.920 like a mature technology for like four hundred years. Okay, 0:14:12.320 --> 0:14:16.679 you know, when it's not broke, don't fix it. Yeah, 0:14:17.000 --> 0:14:26.680 until whatever e eighties and then fix it. Yeah, and yep, Wow, 0:14:26.720 --> 0:14:30.040 amazing contribution, Caitlin. I'm killing it and being so funny 0:14:30.040 --> 0:14:32.400 and charming and hilarious. Yeah, you're totally going to get 0:14:32.440 --> 0:14:42.680 your cold here. Thank you, Sophie get at left. I 0:14:42.720 --> 0:14:44.920 don't know why I were doing this bit where if 0:14:44.960 --> 0:14:52.680 you don't perform, you stay sick. You invent I know, 0:14:52.920 --> 0:14:56.800 but but why did you let me? I thought you 0:14:56.840 --> 0:15:01.960 were in charge? No, this is yeah, you're the arbiter 0:15:02.040 --> 0:15:13.040 of accountability. So interesting, not funny kitly. Oh no, I 0:15:13.160 --> 0:15:21.640 feel so sick. So the way that people sit type 0:15:22.200 --> 0:15:24.440 for hundreds of years, going back to Gutenberg, is that 0:15:24.760 --> 0:15:27.520 type setters would spell out each word letter by letter. 0:15:28.000 --> 0:15:30.800 Have you ever seen a type case, like an actual 0:15:31.080 --> 0:15:34.040 physical object that holds type. I have no idea how 0:15:34.080 --> 0:15:37.600 common about I think in real life, but I feel 0:15:37.640 --> 0:15:41.280 like I've seen it in a movie, maybe at the 0:15:41.400 --> 0:15:45.080 end of like Little Women or something like that. Yeah. Probably, 0:15:46.920 --> 0:15:48.800 you know. It's funny too to me because like, um, 0:15:48.840 --> 0:15:50.960 a lot of the like little like knickknack shelves that 0:15:51.000 --> 0:15:54.160 people have in their house, like the little tiny knick 0:15:54.200 --> 0:15:56.480 knack shells, a little tiny squares cut out of it 0:15:56.560 --> 0:15:58.400 or whatever, right, Like I think actually a lot of 0:15:58.440 --> 0:16:02.360 them are literally type cases wooden cases like trays meant 0:16:02.400 --> 0:16:07.240 for holding type. And certainly that that's an easy way 0:16:07.280 --> 0:16:10.160 to imagine a type case. And this is where upper 0:16:10.200 --> 0:16:12.720 case and lower case letters come from. Is like literally 0:16:12.760 --> 0:16:16.560 the capitals were in the upper case and the non 0:16:16.640 --> 0:16:19.840 capitals were in the lower case. So you pull out 0:16:19.840 --> 0:16:22.480 a letter one at a time, and you put it 0:16:22.520 --> 0:16:25.560 upside down and backwards onto something called a composity and stick, 0:16:25.600 --> 0:16:28.480 which is a little stick that you can fit type into. 0:16:29.440 --> 0:16:31.280 You do it one line at a time until it 0:16:31.320 --> 0:16:34.280 goes into an iron frame called a chase, and you 0:16:34.480 --> 0:16:36.320 fill everything, all the rest of it up with like 0:16:36.400 --> 0:16:39.840 blocks of wood or different slugs of lead and all 0:16:39.840 --> 0:16:41.600 this other ship in order to like fill it all 0:16:41.720 --> 0:16:44.560 up right to do the layout, and then that gets 0:16:44.560 --> 0:16:48.280 inked and printed. And some folks still do this. I 0:16:48.320 --> 0:16:50.160 got to do it once. I used to have business. 0:16:50.480 --> 0:16:53.320 I'm totally not pretentious. I used a business cards that 0:16:53.440 --> 0:16:56.320 I like. Yeah, I use my friends letter press to 0:16:57.480 --> 0:17:00.600 hand set all the type on my fun And did 0:17:00.600 --> 0:17:03.560 that take a very long time. It's like I don't 0:17:03.560 --> 0:17:06.159 have the longest name in the world. I don't even remember. 0:17:06.200 --> 0:17:07.719 I mean, I didn't know what I was doing. And 0:17:07.800 --> 0:17:09.560 my poor friend had likes it over my shoulder and 0:17:09.600 --> 0:17:13.440 be like, now you're doing it wrong, like several times. Um, 0:17:13.520 --> 0:17:16.560 but I don't know. I didn't didn't take an hour 0:17:16.800 --> 0:17:19.840 just to lay out my name or whatever. You know. Yeah, 0:17:19.840 --> 0:17:21.639 I guess a business card doesn't have a lot of 0:17:21.680 --> 0:17:25.560 text on it. Yeah, unless I get into like the 0:17:25.640 --> 0:17:32.040 Dr Bronner's style business cards or something which food for thought. Yeah, 0:17:32.840 --> 0:17:34.560 if someone hand me a business carden, it was like 0:17:34.920 --> 0:17:40.160 full of indecipherable, complicated theology. I would probably be more 0:17:41.320 --> 0:17:45.879 interested in what in my own fighting into my life. 0:17:46.119 --> 0:17:50.919 So the type setting is a nasty business in the 0:17:50.960 --> 0:17:55.040 colonial era, and actually for a long long time, presses 0:17:55.040 --> 0:17:58.399 were cleaned with urine to get the end lie and 0:17:58.440 --> 0:18:01.520 all kinds of off. You don't really want to hang 0:18:01.560 --> 0:18:05.520 out with urine. I don't know, and I wish I did, 0:18:05.600 --> 0:18:08.760 and nothing I immediately read would tell me mm hmm. 0:18:09.560 --> 0:18:11.840 I don't know whether it's animal urine or whether like 0:18:12.400 --> 0:18:14.160 a lot of these printers drank a lot of beer, 0:18:14.200 --> 0:18:18.080 so it could have just been there urine, I don't know. 0:18:19.119 --> 0:18:23.000 In dark, unventilated basements is where you were working, they'd 0:18:23.000 --> 0:18:26.200 be like lit by like whale oil lamps or kerosene, 0:18:26.200 --> 0:18:29.520 depending on the era. Sometimes these rooms are a hundred 0:18:29.520 --> 0:18:34.040 and thirty degrees because of all the type molten crap 0:18:34.080 --> 0:18:38.480 that they're fucking dealing with. Typesetters would hold lead type 0:18:38.520 --> 0:18:40.439 in their mouths in order, you know, in the same 0:18:40.480 --> 0:18:42.879 way that you hold a nail while you're being a 0:18:43.280 --> 0:18:47.800 cartoon character on a ladder with a hammer. So they're 0:18:47.800 --> 0:18:51.560 getting lead poisoning. They're breathing in piss fumes, it's hot, 0:18:51.960 --> 0:18:57.640 it's you know, there's flammable lamps. Yeah, getting knocked over, 0:18:57.760 --> 0:19:02.080 I'm guessing. Yeah, yeah, actually that gets us. That's guess 0:19:02.080 --> 0:19:06.320 to someone I want to mention. In the eight hundreds, 0:19:06.359 --> 0:19:09.240 at one point um it was estimated at twelve percent 0:19:09.359 --> 0:19:16.280 of printers had had the symptom spits blood. M I 0:19:16.320 --> 0:19:18.600 don't know. He's just spinning some blood up every now 0:19:18.640 --> 0:19:22.119 and then he's like, oh, hold on, guess it's some 0:19:22.160 --> 0:19:27.040 blood up, which I've seen a movie. I don't know 0:19:27.040 --> 0:19:30.119 if you've ever seen a movie, but if someone is 0:19:30.240 --> 0:19:33.520 coughing there, they might die. If someone is spitting up blood, 0:19:33.520 --> 0:19:35.200 they are not even making it to the last act 0:19:35.200 --> 0:19:39.840 of the film. They're they're already dead. And that's what 0:19:39.920 --> 0:19:45.720 I will get sick with if I'm not funny Enough's 0:19:45.920 --> 0:19:51.560 blood my hardcore band. So they contracted a friend of 0:19:51.560 --> 0:19:55.560 the pod tuberculosis at about twice the rate of everyone else, 0:19:56.080 --> 0:19:58.600 which was saying something because everyone else got a lot 0:19:58.640 --> 0:20:04.520 of tuberculosis and venture and the presses themselves were crazy dangerous. 0:20:04.560 --> 0:20:06.200 Like at one point it was like like they would 0:20:06.240 --> 0:20:10.600 like eat fingers, you know, like because why it's just 0:20:10.640 --> 0:20:12.639 like you get your finger in the wrong way and like, whoops, 0:20:12.640 --> 0:20:15.320 it gets sliced off. Whatever. Sorry, I thought you were 0:20:15.320 --> 0:20:19.000 talking about the people who worked at the press and 0:20:19.040 --> 0:20:26.480 they were just just that's why the printers roamed as 0:20:26.560 --> 0:20:32.000 they needed new flesh eat. So it's like that movie. Um, 0:20:32.000 --> 0:20:33.800 oh my gosh, this would have been a good joke 0:20:33.840 --> 0:20:35.679 if I could have thought of the title of the 0:20:35.680 --> 0:20:38.879 movie I just saw two days ago. No, klin are 0:20:38.960 --> 0:20:45.240 you coughing? You can't get the joke out. It's the 0:20:45.280 --> 0:20:48.000 Blood Bones and all buns and all. Well, that's a 0:20:48.000 --> 0:20:50.320 good name for a movie. I've never heard of it. Um, 0:20:50.320 --> 0:20:56.119 it's about like cannibal, like the early twenties cannibal people 0:20:57.080 --> 0:21:00.560 calling in love anyway, So you're speaking of the machine 0:21:00.600 --> 0:21:06.320 itself eats people's fingers, not the people. Are people probably 0:21:06.359 --> 0:21:09.600 not eating a ton of fingers, Like, can't say never sure, 0:21:10.080 --> 0:21:15.040 But you know what else won't eat your fingers? You 0:21:15.080 --> 0:21:18.360 don't know that. You know what else probably won't eat 0:21:18.400 --> 0:21:22.399 your fingers most of the time. Approved is it the 0:21:22.440 --> 0:21:25.520 products and services you're about to hear about? It is? 0:21:25.680 --> 0:21:27.880 And if it's one of those true crime podcasts about 0:21:27.920 --> 0:21:32.080 people who eat people, then I was wrong and we 0:21:32.119 --> 0:21:37.760 didn't authorize it. Here's some podcasts. No, here's some ads, 0:21:38.000 --> 0:21:45.879 usually for podcasts. And we are back, Kalen. What do 0:21:45.960 --> 0:21:50.200 you think of those, um buying goods and services? Oh 0:21:50.400 --> 0:21:57.080 my favorite. Yeah, they're so good, except for the terrible ones. Yeah, yeah, 0:21:57.320 --> 0:21:59.600 which is a lot of them. So the other ways 0:21:59.640 --> 0:22:03.240 that prints would die, uh sometimes they would dry the 0:22:03.320 --> 0:22:08.520 type like the ink over flame. And sometimes for some 0:22:08.560 --> 0:22:12.880 odd reason, drying ink on paper over flame would ignite. 0:22:13.840 --> 0:22:18.080 Uh uh yeah, and so that wasn't very good. Um. 0:22:18.080 --> 0:22:20.600 And then my other weird self insert about printing into 0:22:20.680 --> 0:22:24.000 this episode is that I apprenticed as a as a 0:22:24.040 --> 0:22:27.960 printer for one summer once when I was bored, and 0:22:27.960 --> 0:22:30.760 and the first day I showed up Charles Oberbeck, who 0:22:30.800 --> 0:22:32.679 wrote the book Tramp Printers, which is a lot of 0:22:32.680 --> 0:22:35.720 what I'm pulling from. It's a very good book. He 0:22:35.840 --> 0:22:38.160 was like, you need to tie your hair back. If 0:22:38.160 --> 0:22:40.760 that falls into the machine, it will rip your hair 0:22:40.760 --> 0:22:44.920 out of your scalp. So and that's the modern offset printers. 0:22:45.040 --> 0:22:48.040 That's not so. I don't know whether people were losing 0:22:48.040 --> 0:22:49.600 their hair or not. I can't speak to that part. 0:22:50.080 --> 0:22:54.360 I mean, if they're losing fingers, they're probably losing hair, Yeah, totally. 0:22:55.160 --> 0:22:59.760 So the life expectancy for printers from about eight eighteen 0:22:59.800 --> 0:23:05.480 five D was you want to guess this fun was 0:23:05.520 --> 0:23:10.960 it like thirty seven years old? It's so optimistic less, 0:23:11.880 --> 0:23:14.840 I guess probably the average lifespan that during that time, 0:23:14.920 --> 0:23:20.520 let's thirty seven. So let's say twenty six, it was 0:23:20.520 --> 0:23:25.399 twenty eight years old. Okay, that's how long printers were lasting. 0:23:26.680 --> 0:23:29.360 Later they get unionized and we'll talk about that part 0:23:29.359 --> 0:23:30.760 of the story in a little bit, and their life 0:23:30.760 --> 0:23:36.399 expectancy went up dramatically, so much so that by the 0:23:36.440 --> 0:23:43.280 average printer lived to be forty one years Wow for them. Yeah, 0:23:43.880 --> 0:23:46.480 so printing was actually this very no future job. It 0:23:46.560 --> 0:23:48.840 was very punk rock in all of the negative ways, 0:23:49.320 --> 0:23:54.320 you know. Hell yeah, printing was fairly cheap all told. 0:23:54.600 --> 0:23:57.760 During this time. With this style of printing, you could 0:23:57.760 --> 0:24:00.399 start a press without a ton of capital compared to 0:24:00.400 --> 0:24:03.560 a lot of other business ventures. So presses followed the 0:24:03.560 --> 0:24:07.240 westward expansion across the US as part of the great 0:24:07.320 --> 0:24:10.359 colonial project that they don't really have very many positive 0:24:10.359 --> 0:24:14.399 things to say about. Often, mere days after a town 0:24:14.600 --> 0:24:18.240 or something would show up, ox drawn carts would bring 0:24:18.280 --> 0:24:21.200 hand presses out to the frontier, and some of which 0:24:21.240 --> 0:24:23.720 were up and running and like printing that town's newspaper 0:24:24.240 --> 0:24:28.119 before buildings were erected to house the presses. Because the 0:24:28.119 --> 0:24:32.359 presses are these like giant hulking industrial machine, not giant hulking, 0:24:32.400 --> 0:24:36.600 but like they're sturdy, right, sure you can. You can 0:24:36.600 --> 0:24:39.480 have it out in the weather a little bit. And 0:24:39.560 --> 0:24:42.400 at least in the beginning of Paddington too, I've seen 0:24:42.440 --> 0:24:46.160 a printing press, yeah, totally. And I've know who Paddington 0:24:46.240 --> 0:24:51.399 Bear is. For those listening eight full twenty six minutes 0:24:51.440 --> 0:24:54.920 for Caitlin's reference Paddington And that is a new record, 0:24:55.520 --> 0:24:57.320 my friend. How long do you think it will take 0:24:57.359 --> 0:25:02.120 into my reference Titanic? It's right now. It just happened. 0:25:04.960 --> 0:25:07.960 We just well, we actually already talked about Shrekh, although 0:25:08.000 --> 0:25:12.760 in a different way to speak of the green ogre 0:25:13.080 --> 0:25:19.160 Shrek who was also have that come up? Mm hmm. Anyway, 0:25:20.160 --> 0:25:23.720