1 00:00:00,160 --> 00:00:02,600 Speaker 1: This episode of Stuff You Missed in History Class is 2 00:00:02,640 --> 00:00:05,480 Speaker 1: brought to you by Squarespace, the all in one platform 3 00:00:05,519 --> 00:00:07,640 Speaker 1: that makes it fast and easy to create your own 4 00:00:07,680 --> 00:00:11,480 Speaker 1: professional website, portfolio, and online store. For a free trial 5 00:00:11,560 --> 00:00:15,400 Speaker 1: and ten percent off, visit squarespace dot com, slash history 6 00:00:15,440 --> 00:00:18,680 Speaker 1: and enter offer code history at check out a better 7 00:00:18,720 --> 00:00:23,279 Speaker 1: web starts with your website. Welcome to Stuff you Missed 8 00:00:23,280 --> 00:00:33,240 Speaker 1: in History Class from how Stuff Works dot com. Hello, 9 00:00:33,280 --> 00:00:37,280 Speaker 1: and welcome to the podcast. I'm Tracy Wilson. Today we 10 00:00:37,320 --> 00:00:40,760 Speaker 1: are continuing our story of the Batavia, which is a 11 00:00:40,760 --> 00:00:43,120 Speaker 1: story that includes just about everything that can go wrong 12 00:00:43,200 --> 00:00:45,919 Speaker 1: at see there's storms and sicknesses that we haven't really 13 00:00:45,920 --> 00:00:48,280 Speaker 1: talked about that they were there, and then also a 14 00:00:48,320 --> 00:00:51,640 Speaker 1: shipwreck and a mutiny and a massacre. Yeah, definitely some 15 00:00:51,680 --> 00:00:54,120 Speaker 1: bad behavior going on a board. Yeah there, there, we're 16 00:00:54,120 --> 00:00:57,600 Speaker 1: going to talk about the only people who really come 17 00:00:57,600 --> 00:00:59,800 Speaker 1: out looking pretty good in this whole situation. We don't 18 00:00:59,840 --> 00:01:03,320 Speaker 1: hear about them until the very end. So our last episode, 19 00:01:03,520 --> 00:01:05,319 Speaker 1: which you know, if you're going out of order, I 20 00:01:05,440 --> 00:01:07,520 Speaker 1: encourage you to listen to that one first. That was 21 00:01:07,560 --> 00:01:10,480 Speaker 1: the shipwreck part of this story. That's a little bit 22 00:01:10,520 --> 00:01:12,720 Speaker 1: about a mutiny that never really got off the ground. 23 00:01:13,480 --> 00:01:17,520 Speaker 1: Where we left off, the upper Merchant Francisco Pelsert has 24 00:01:17,680 --> 00:01:21,600 Speaker 1: left hundreds of survivors on a few tiny islands off 25 00:01:21,600 --> 00:01:25,440 Speaker 1: the coast of Australia. Uh He and nearly every other 26 00:01:25,480 --> 00:01:28,479 Speaker 1: senior officer on the ship have gone all the way 27 00:01:28,520 --> 00:01:32,319 Speaker 1: to Indonesia and back to get help. So we know 28 00:01:32,400 --> 00:01:34,360 Speaker 1: that they got to Indonesia, we know they got back. 29 00:01:35,000 --> 00:01:40,520 Speaker 1: This episode is what happened while they were gone. So 30 00:01:41,200 --> 00:01:43,240 Speaker 1: nobody on the islands, as we talked about at the 31 00:01:43,319 --> 00:01:45,959 Speaker 1: end of the last episode, knew that Pelser had decided 32 00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:48,600 Speaker 1: to go to Batavia for help. They had no way 33 00:01:48,600 --> 00:01:51,440 Speaker 1: of finding out about his progress. They just knew that 34 00:01:51,480 --> 00:01:54,400 Speaker 1: they hadn't seen anything of him or the skipper for days. 35 00:01:55,080 --> 00:01:57,280 Speaker 1: But about a week after the search party left in 36 00:01:57,320 --> 00:02:01,720 Speaker 1: their longboat, the survivors finally got an authority figure. The 37 00:02:01,720 --> 00:02:06,600 Speaker 1: Batavia finally broke apart, forcing Cornelis to join the survivors 38 00:02:06,680 --> 00:02:11,280 Speaker 1: that were on these islands. So, just for context, about 39 00:02:11,360 --> 00:02:15,120 Speaker 1: forty people died when the Batavia broke apart. The survivors 40 00:02:15,120 --> 00:02:18,000 Speaker 1: clung to rafts that they had made on board as 41 00:02:18,080 --> 00:02:20,800 Speaker 1: it became clear that the time of the ship was 42 00:02:20,880 --> 00:02:25,079 Speaker 1: drying to a close Cornelis in particular survived by climbing 43 00:02:25,080 --> 00:02:27,200 Speaker 1: the bowsprit at the four of the ship and then 44 00:02:27,240 --> 00:02:29,920 Speaker 1: clinging to it when it broke off and using it 45 00:02:29,960 --> 00:02:33,120 Speaker 1: to float to land. And for the backstory we promised 46 00:02:33,120 --> 00:02:37,080 Speaker 1: on him earlier, Cornelis was an educated, literate man from 47 00:02:37,120 --> 00:02:41,560 Speaker 1: an affluent family. He had trained an apprenticed as an apothecary, 48 00:02:41,680 --> 00:02:45,320 Speaker 1: and he started his own apothecary practice. He had been 49 00:02:45,360 --> 00:02:47,919 Speaker 1: married and had a child, but the baby unfortunately died 50 00:02:47,960 --> 00:02:52,120 Speaker 1: in its infancy. And first a deranged and incompetent midwife 51 00:02:52,120 --> 00:02:54,880 Speaker 1: had handled the delivery, and she failed to deliver part 52 00:02:54,880 --> 00:02:57,960 Speaker 1: of the placenta, so his wife got a life threatening 53 00:02:58,000 --> 00:03:00,760 Speaker 1: infection as a result, and then they had to hire 54 00:03:00,800 --> 00:03:03,640 Speaker 1: a wet nurse while she recovered, and the wet nurse 55 00:03:04,000 --> 00:03:07,280 Speaker 1: unfortunately gave the baby syphilis. It was just the worst 56 00:03:07,320 --> 00:03:10,440 Speaker 1: possible series of events for a birth. What's also kind 57 00:03:10,480 --> 00:03:13,680 Speaker 1: of unclear exactly how he was such a poor judge 58 00:03:13,680 --> 00:03:17,440 Speaker 1: of character to have hired both an incompetent midwife and, 59 00:03:18,600 --> 00:03:22,120 Speaker 1: as we are about to tell you, a clearly unwell 60 00:03:22,200 --> 00:03:25,880 Speaker 1: wet nurse for the baby. So in spite of Cornelis 61 00:03:25,880 --> 00:03:29,400 Speaker 1: getting sworn statements from basically everybody attesting to the fact 62 00:03:29,400 --> 00:03:31,840 Speaker 1: that he was completely clean and the wet nurse was 63 00:03:31,919 --> 00:03:35,960 Speaker 1: an abominable character and obviously poor health, everyone still assumed 64 00:03:36,000 --> 00:03:38,960 Speaker 1: that the baby had gotten syphilis from his mother, and 65 00:03:39,000 --> 00:03:42,840 Speaker 1: this was a huge stigma and a very terrible reflection 66 00:03:42,960 --> 00:03:46,680 Speaker 1: on Cornelis and his family and his practice. Like, obviously, 67 00:03:47,400 --> 00:03:49,880 Speaker 1: if the baby had gotten syphilis, it had gotten siphilps 68 00:03:49,920 --> 00:03:51,800 Speaker 1: from his mother, and that meant that his mother or 69 00:03:51,880 --> 00:03:54,520 Speaker 1: his father, somebody had been unfaithful in this situation, Like 70 00:03:54,600 --> 00:03:59,360 Speaker 1: there was a whole boatload of social expectation and and 71 00:03:59,480 --> 00:04:03,000 Speaker 1: rules for behavior and that's violated, and that meant that 72 00:04:03,040 --> 00:04:07,720 Speaker 1: as an apothecary, there was sickness introduced into that as well. Yeah, 73 00:04:07,880 --> 00:04:11,160 Speaker 1: so his business seriously suffered as a result, and it 74 00:04:11,200 --> 00:04:14,720 Speaker 1: had already been on shaky footing even before this scandal happened. 75 00:04:15,280 --> 00:04:18,520 Speaker 1: All of this combined with demands for reparation from a 76 00:04:18,560 --> 00:04:21,520 Speaker 1: merchant who had known Cornelli's money to put him completely 77 00:04:21,680 --> 00:04:24,599 Speaker 1: under and otherwise he'd not really have had any reason 78 00:04:24,680 --> 00:04:28,960 Speaker 1: to go to sea. And he had also developed sort 79 00:04:29,000 --> 00:04:32,200 Speaker 1: of a strange personal, religious, and moral code. It was 80 00:04:32,360 --> 00:04:36,400 Speaker 1: a hodgepodge of influences from throughout his life. It combined 81 00:04:36,480 --> 00:04:40,920 Speaker 1: Anabaptist and Mennonite teachings with the blasphemous and heretical philosophies 82 00:04:41,320 --> 00:04:45,200 Speaker 1: of a Dutch painter named Johannes Simons Vanderbeek who also 83 00:04:45,320 --> 00:04:48,480 Speaker 1: was known as Tarentius, and somewhere along the line he 84 00:04:48,480 --> 00:04:51,599 Speaker 1: picked up ideas from Epicurus as well, along with the 85 00:04:51,920 --> 00:04:55,640 Speaker 1: Antonomian idea that you only need faith to attain salvation. 86 00:04:56,320 --> 00:04:59,320 Speaker 1: So reason number two that Cornellis had taken to a 87 00:04:59,360 --> 00:05:02,640 Speaker 1: life at sea. Trentius wound up on trial for his 88 00:05:02,960 --> 00:05:06,200 Speaker 1: heretical beliefs and other stuff, and Cornelis realized that he 89 00:05:06,279 --> 00:05:09,760 Speaker 1: was extremely lucky not to have been named in the proceedings, 90 00:05:09,839 --> 00:05:12,960 Speaker 1: which would have resulted in him being prosecuted as well. 91 00:05:13,440 --> 00:05:15,880 Speaker 1: So all of this together made it seem really prudent 92 00:05:15,920 --> 00:05:20,400 Speaker 1: that he gets as far away as possible. I'm again 93 00:05:20,680 --> 00:05:24,279 Speaker 1: lack of judgment. Maybe on top of prompting him to 94 00:05:24,360 --> 00:05:28,120 Speaker 1: abandon his wife and his home. These philosophical and religious 95 00:05:28,120 --> 00:05:32,440 Speaker 1: influences led Cornelis to hold some troubling beliefs of his own. 96 00:05:33,080 --> 00:05:36,800 Speaker 1: He deeply believed that every action that he personally undertook 97 00:05:36,880 --> 00:05:40,240 Speaker 1: was divinely inspired. And this also meant that nothing he 98 00:05:40,279 --> 00:05:43,000 Speaker 1: could do, no matter what it was, could be considered 99 00:05:43,040 --> 00:05:46,239 Speaker 1: sinful or evil because it had all been inspired by God. 100 00:05:47,240 --> 00:05:52,800 Speaker 1: So when the when the Batavia broke up, this became 101 00:05:52,839 --> 00:05:59,400 Speaker 1: the highest ranking man on the islands. And before we 102 00:05:59,400 --> 00:06:01,400 Speaker 1: talk about why he did, let's take a moment and 103 00:06:01,440 --> 00:06:04,280 Speaker 1: talk about a word from our sponsor. To get back 104 00:06:04,560 --> 00:06:09,520 Speaker 1: to Cornelis's plan for world domination, the people who were 105 00:06:09,600 --> 00:06:12,680 Speaker 1: left on the islands really felt like Pelser had abandoned 106 00:06:12,680 --> 00:06:16,320 Speaker 1: them when they really really needed him, and so Cornelis 107 00:06:16,440 --> 00:06:18,880 Speaker 1: was really, without a whole lot of effort able to 108 00:06:18,920 --> 00:06:22,360 Speaker 1: recruit about forty men to continue in his original plan 109 00:06:22,480 --> 00:06:24,960 Speaker 1: to commit mutiny, even though the ship they were going 110 00:06:25,000 --> 00:06:29,080 Speaker 1: to originally use for this plan was now destroyed. Instead, 111 00:06:29,160 --> 00:06:31,640 Speaker 1: what he and his mutineers planned to do was to 112 00:06:31,720 --> 00:06:34,600 Speaker 1: commandeer whatever ship came to their rescue and then to 113 00:06:34,720 --> 00:06:39,480 Speaker 1: use it to become pirates. It's hard not to giggle. 114 00:06:39,560 --> 00:06:41,400 Speaker 1: I feel like this is a plan that like a 115 00:06:41,440 --> 00:06:44,520 Speaker 1: ten year old put together. The plans of this story 116 00:06:44,600 --> 00:06:47,960 Speaker 1: are not good plans, but the results are horribly tragic. 117 00:06:48,720 --> 00:06:50,960 Speaker 1: Uh to make sure he would face no opposition. He 118 00:06:51,040 --> 00:06:54,159 Speaker 1: started systematically removing people who might not be down with 119 00:06:54,200 --> 00:06:57,240 Speaker 1: his mutiny plam from the island. This also gave him 120 00:06:57,279 --> 00:06:59,960 Speaker 1: fewer mouths to feed. Even though the current really had 121 00:07:00,040 --> 00:07:02,560 Speaker 1: delivered a bunch of supplies from the Batavia to the islands, 122 00:07:02,920 --> 00:07:06,480 Speaker 1: it still wasn't enough to sustain everyone there. And everybody 123 00:07:06,520 --> 00:07:09,840 Speaker 1: he got rid of that was not on his team, 124 00:07:09,920 --> 00:07:12,320 Speaker 1: so to speak, would make it all last a little 125 00:07:12,320 --> 00:07:14,800 Speaker 1: bit longer. Yeah, everybody had sort of felt like it 126 00:07:14,840 --> 00:07:17,560 Speaker 1: was a huge long shot to think that the Batavia 127 00:07:17,600 --> 00:07:20,880 Speaker 1: would break apart and the current would bring supplies to them. 128 00:07:20,960 --> 00:07:24,200 Speaker 1: That did actually happen, the one thing that worked out. Yeah, 129 00:07:24,280 --> 00:07:26,240 Speaker 1: And it sounds like a lot of supplies because it 130 00:07:26,280 --> 00:07:28,640 Speaker 1: was like hundreds of barrels of things, but that it 131 00:07:28,760 --> 00:07:31,200 Speaker 1: was not when you looked at how many mouths there 132 00:07:31,200 --> 00:07:35,000 Speaker 1: were to feed, that did not actually equate many days 133 00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:41,240 Speaker 1: of sustenance any any So, Cornelis started sending people off 134 00:07:41,280 --> 00:07:43,680 Speaker 1: to the other nearby islands, and he would tell them 135 00:07:43,680 --> 00:07:45,840 Speaker 1: that there was water there, or he would send them 136 00:07:45,880 --> 00:07:49,000 Speaker 1: there to search for water or some other ploy. And 137 00:07:49,040 --> 00:07:51,320 Speaker 1: he basically sent them off to these islands and didn't 138 00:07:51,320 --> 00:07:54,360 Speaker 1: expect them to survive. He was expecting them to die 139 00:07:54,440 --> 00:08:01,080 Speaker 1: of hunger and thirst. Horrible man. Uh, meditorializing, But I 140 00:08:01,080 --> 00:08:03,160 Speaker 1: don't know how you can't come to that conclusion. At 141 00:08:03,200 --> 00:08:06,240 Speaker 1: that point, he also started sending people out in boats, 142 00:08:06,240 --> 00:08:09,680 Speaker 1: presumably as scouts, but he'd also put men that were 143 00:08:09,680 --> 00:08:13,160 Speaker 1: loyal to him on those boats and they would throw 144 00:08:13,200 --> 00:08:18,680 Speaker 1: his targets overboard and leave them to drown. Really systematic. Yeah. 145 00:08:18,920 --> 00:08:21,800 Speaker 1: He also straight up had his cronies murder people who 146 00:08:21,840 --> 00:08:24,960 Speaker 1: were sick or hurt, and they left most of the 147 00:08:25,000 --> 00:08:28,640 Speaker 1: women alive when so that he and his crew could 148 00:08:28,760 --> 00:08:33,280 Speaker 1: use them for sexual purposes. Uh. He also claimed Lucretia 149 00:08:33,360 --> 00:08:35,840 Speaker 1: yawns as his own sexual toy. So on top of 150 00:08:35,840 --> 00:08:38,160 Speaker 1: all these murders, there were many many rates happening on 151 00:08:38,200 --> 00:08:42,680 Speaker 1: the island. When he saw survivors on one island continuing 152 00:08:42,720 --> 00:08:44,960 Speaker 1: to wander around the shore when he thought they should 153 00:08:45,000 --> 00:08:48,079 Speaker 1: be dead, uh, and then his little I'll just get 154 00:08:48,160 --> 00:08:50,120 Speaker 1: rid of them this way plan had not worked out, 155 00:08:50,320 --> 00:08:52,640 Speaker 1: he sent men in boats to kill them as well. 156 00:08:53,080 --> 00:08:55,880 Speaker 1: So as a result of all of this, Beacon Island 157 00:08:56,040 --> 00:09:00,599 Speaker 1: later came to be known as Batavia's Graveyard. This strategy 158 00:09:00,679 --> 00:09:04,840 Speaker 1: of removing threats from the island became Corneli's downfall. He 159 00:09:04,920 --> 00:09:07,880 Speaker 1: sent a group of soldiers led by Wibby Hayes to 160 00:09:08,200 --> 00:09:11,120 Speaker 1: two large islands where they which they were calling the 161 00:09:11,200 --> 00:09:14,720 Speaker 1: High Islands. Pelser and company had already searched these islands 162 00:09:14,760 --> 00:09:17,200 Speaker 1: and reported that they had no water, but that was 163 00:09:17,280 --> 00:09:21,440 Speaker 1: not widespread knowledge, and Cornelis confiscated the soldiers weapons and 164 00:09:21,520 --> 00:09:25,280 Speaker 1: sent them there, assuming that they would just die of thirst. Yeah. 165 00:09:25,360 --> 00:09:27,760 Speaker 1: He was like, you guys, go search these big islands. 166 00:09:28,200 --> 00:09:32,000 Speaker 1: Water over there, you guys go find it. Yeah. Wibby Hayes, 167 00:09:32,480 --> 00:09:35,880 Speaker 1: on the other hand, was a good leader, and you 168 00:09:35,920 --> 00:09:39,920 Speaker 1: know his soldiers under his direction were very industrious. They 169 00:09:39,960 --> 00:09:43,520 Speaker 1: built a shelter. They conducted this methodical search for water. 170 00:09:43,679 --> 00:09:46,679 Speaker 1: They would like they would nourish themselves from water that 171 00:09:46,760 --> 00:09:49,680 Speaker 1: had been collected in little pits in the rock. As 172 00:09:49,720 --> 00:09:55,240 Speaker 1: they systematically conducted this widespread search, they eventually found two cisterns. 173 00:09:55,800 --> 00:09:58,800 Speaker 1: On top of that, the two islands, which they were 174 00:09:58,880 --> 00:10:01,439 Speaker 1: right next to each other, they could between them. They 175 00:10:01,440 --> 00:10:04,320 Speaker 1: were later named East and West Wallaby Island. They were 176 00:10:04,360 --> 00:10:07,240 Speaker 1: home to wallabies and lots of birds, which gave them 177 00:10:07,240 --> 00:10:10,440 Speaker 1: a pretty ample supply of food. Apparently the fishing near 178 00:10:10,480 --> 00:10:15,280 Speaker 1: these islands was also pretty awesome, so they were also, 179 00:10:15,440 --> 00:10:17,160 Speaker 1: you know, in addition to the fact that they found water, 180 00:10:17,280 --> 00:10:22,679 Speaker 1: they found food, they made a shelter, and they started 181 00:10:22,679 --> 00:10:26,880 Speaker 1: making simple weapons with which to defend themselves. And when 182 00:10:26,960 --> 00:10:30,240 Speaker 1: Hayes men found the cisterns, they sent up a smoke signal. 183 00:10:30,559 --> 00:10:33,320 Speaker 1: This was their prearranged method of letting Cornelis know that 184 00:10:33,360 --> 00:10:36,520 Speaker 1: there was water. And while water was awesome and all, 185 00:10:36,760 --> 00:10:41,680 Speaker 1: Cornelis immediately saw the soldiers, their water supply, their vantage point, 186 00:10:41,760 --> 00:10:45,160 Speaker 1: and their smoke signals as a threat. How dare you 187 00:10:45,200 --> 00:10:49,040 Speaker 1: be more industrious and successful than me? Well, as how 188 00:10:49,120 --> 00:10:51,760 Speaker 1: there you now have things to eat and water to drink, 189 00:10:51,880 --> 00:10:55,559 Speaker 1: and weapons to defend yourself with because they were industrious, 190 00:10:56,200 --> 00:10:58,240 Speaker 1: and a little shelter that they built out of rocks. 191 00:10:58,800 --> 00:11:02,760 Speaker 1: So first he tried to persuade them to join his mutineers, 192 00:11:03,040 --> 00:11:08,199 Speaker 1: and they refused, after which a big fight followed um 193 00:11:08,240 --> 00:11:11,320 Speaker 1: and so Hayes and his men drove Cornelis and his 194 00:11:11,400 --> 00:11:15,319 Speaker 1: men off. So after that Cornelis sent an attack party 195 00:11:15,360 --> 00:11:18,080 Speaker 1: to try to kill them, and by this point hayes men, 196 00:11:18,240 --> 00:11:22,240 Speaker 1: who had named themselves the defenders have really organized themselves. 197 00:11:22,320 --> 00:11:25,320 Speaker 1: They had tried to rescue other survivors. They fought back 198 00:11:25,480 --> 00:11:28,920 Speaker 1: and after a really bloody battle, the soldiers executed five 199 00:11:29,000 --> 00:11:33,080 Speaker 1: of Cornelis's men, and they captured Cornelis himself and held 200 00:11:33,160 --> 00:11:37,840 Speaker 1: him prisoner as they continued to wait for rescue. Cornelis 201 00:11:37,920 --> 00:11:40,120 Speaker 1: Is Coronis, who had not been part of this failed 202 00:11:40,160 --> 00:11:43,600 Speaker 1: overthrow of Webby Hayes, were smart enough to stay away 203 00:11:43,600 --> 00:11:47,280 Speaker 1: from the Wallaby Islands. From that point, they recognize that 204 00:11:47,320 --> 00:11:50,199 Speaker 1: they were not going to win again. They were outmatched, 205 00:11:51,200 --> 00:11:53,800 Speaker 1: uh by perhaps the man who should have been in 206 00:11:53,920 --> 00:11:57,960 Speaker 1: charge from the beginning. Hitting That is my editorializing of 207 00:11:58,000 --> 00:12:05,320 Speaker 1: this situation. So finally, after a month spent getting back 208 00:12:05,400 --> 00:12:09,520 Speaker 1: to Australia from Indonesia, and then another month spent in 209 00:12:09,559 --> 00:12:12,360 Speaker 1: a frustrating search to try to figure out where they 210 00:12:12,360 --> 00:12:16,320 Speaker 1: had left that shipwreck, Pelzer and his yacht wound up 211 00:12:16,320 --> 00:12:20,240 Speaker 1: back at Batavia's graveyard. Uh It sounds maybe a little 212 00:12:20,320 --> 00:12:22,960 Speaker 1: ridiculous that they got back to Australia and they could 213 00:12:23,000 --> 00:12:25,320 Speaker 1: not find the shipwreck, but at this point the ship 214 00:12:25,320 --> 00:12:28,840 Speaker 1: had been destroyed and the area was not charted in 215 00:12:28,880 --> 00:12:30,480 Speaker 1: the first place. Because they didn't know where they were 216 00:12:30,520 --> 00:12:34,360 Speaker 1: when they wrecked to begin with. So yeah, so he 217 00:12:34,400 --> 00:12:37,760 Speaker 1: wound up back back in the area. He disembarked on 218 00:12:37,800 --> 00:12:40,120 Speaker 1: an island that was about a mile away from the 219 00:12:40,160 --> 00:12:43,559 Speaker 1: Wallaby Islands, and they had water and wine and bread 220 00:12:43,600 --> 00:12:47,600 Speaker 1: for the survivors with them. Soon Webby Hayes and three 221 00:12:47,600 --> 00:12:49,640 Speaker 1: other men rode up and told them to get back 222 00:12:49,640 --> 00:12:52,840 Speaker 1: aboard the yacht because there were two parties of Corneliss 223 00:12:52,840 --> 00:12:55,120 Speaker 1: men on the loose and they meant to commandeer the 224 00:12:55,200 --> 00:12:58,000 Speaker 1: yacht u And they did in fact try to do that. 225 00:12:58,600 --> 00:13:02,280 Speaker 1: They they were eating mutineers found the yacht. They tried 226 00:13:02,320 --> 00:13:04,600 Speaker 1: to board it, but Pelser and the screw, having now 227 00:13:04,679 --> 00:13:07,360 Speaker 1: advanced knowledge of what was going on, captured them, and 228 00:13:07,400 --> 00:13:11,480 Speaker 1: while questioning his newfound prisoners, Pelser learned that Jacobs and 229 00:13:11,520 --> 00:13:15,360 Speaker 1: cornelis original plan to mutiny had started way way back 230 00:13:15,440 --> 00:13:17,600 Speaker 1: before the ship was even shipwrecked in the first place. 231 00:13:18,320 --> 00:13:22,199 Speaker 1: After Hayes handed Cornelis over, Pelser questioned him, then went 232 00:13:22,280 --> 00:13:25,000 Speaker 1: to round up the rest of his co conspirators, and 233 00:13:25,040 --> 00:13:28,400 Speaker 1: while a few seem to have evaded capture, most surrendered 234 00:13:28,400 --> 00:13:32,360 Speaker 1: on the spot. Pelser interrogated all of the accomplices, and 235 00:13:32,679 --> 00:13:35,120 Speaker 1: uh found out that their crimes included, in addition to 236 00:13:35,240 --> 00:13:40,400 Speaker 1: mutiny and murder, rape, looting and treason. Their trials, which 237 00:13:40,440 --> 00:13:44,319 Speaker 1: were really torture and interrogation, and their executions were carried 238 00:13:44,360 --> 00:13:47,520 Speaker 1: out on Seals Island. All of the primary mutineers had 239 00:13:47,559 --> 00:13:50,040 Speaker 1: their right hands cut off, Cornelis had both of his 240 00:13:50,120 --> 00:13:52,600 Speaker 1: hands cut off, and then all of them were hanged 241 00:13:52,679 --> 00:13:56,600 Speaker 1: on October two of six nine, roughly a year after 242 00:13:56,640 --> 00:13:59,920 Speaker 1: the Batavia set sail from Holland, and those hanged on 243 00:14:00,040 --> 00:14:03,720 Speaker 1: Seals Island were left dangling from the gallows. Pelser also 244 00:14:03,840 --> 00:14:07,160 Speaker 1: marooned two of the youngest members of the crew in Australia. 245 00:14:07,720 --> 00:14:10,360 Speaker 1: The rest of them were keeled, hauled and dropped from 246 00:14:10,440 --> 00:14:13,040 Speaker 1: yard arms and flogged on the way back to Batavia, 247 00:14:13,120 --> 00:14:17,560 Speaker 1: where they were ultimately executed. Before leaving the islands, Pelser 248 00:14:17,720 --> 00:14:22,000 Speaker 1: led a pretty successful savage salvage mission, loading up the 249 00:14:22,040 --> 00:14:24,600 Speaker 1: Stardum with as much as they could find before returning 250 00:14:24,600 --> 00:14:28,720 Speaker 1: to Batavia, and they arrived there on December five nine. 251 00:14:29,480 --> 00:14:32,280 Speaker 1: Even though he had done his ultimate job of protecting 252 00:14:32,280 --> 00:14:37,160 Speaker 1: the cargo, eventually, after a fashion, his career never really 253 00:14:37,200 --> 00:14:40,000 Speaker 1: recovered from this whole incident, and he died not long after, 254 00:14:40,520 --> 00:14:43,000 Speaker 1: probably of the same illness that had brought him down 255 00:14:43,000 --> 00:14:46,200 Speaker 1: on board. And it was after he died that they 256 00:14:46,240 --> 00:14:50,280 Speaker 1: discovered his illicit money lending business, which he was funding 257 00:14:50,280 --> 00:14:53,280 Speaker 1: with company money. Yeah. So again it's hard to root 258 00:14:53,320 --> 00:14:55,120 Speaker 1: for very many people in the story, even though he 259 00:14:55,160 --> 00:14:58,800 Speaker 1: seems kind of stand up in many ways he compared 260 00:14:59,120 --> 00:15:02,080 Speaker 1: to the other people on board, but there were still 261 00:15:02,480 --> 00:15:05,760 Speaker 1: there were issues, And then the v o C didn't 262 00:15:05,800 --> 00:15:08,640 Speaker 1: actually make a lot of money, even though he he 263 00:15:08,920 --> 00:15:11,080 Speaker 1: did salvage a lot of the stuff, because the person 264 00:15:11,160 --> 00:15:13,480 Speaker 1: they had been planning to sell all of this stuff too. 265 00:15:13,600 --> 00:15:15,360 Speaker 1: By the time it was all said and done was 266 00:15:15,400 --> 00:15:17,920 Speaker 1: no longer in power, and the person who had taken 267 00:15:17,960 --> 00:15:20,440 Speaker 1: his place did not really care about the stuff that 268 00:15:20,480 --> 00:15:23,320 Speaker 1: had been brought over. It was a failure in a 269 00:15:23,360 --> 00:15:26,600 Speaker 1: lot of ways. Uh. The last living mutineers who had 270 00:15:26,640 --> 00:15:30,240 Speaker 1: come all the way back to Batavia were eventually executed there, 271 00:15:30,520 --> 00:15:32,840 Speaker 1: and in the end, out of the three hundred and 272 00:15:32,840 --> 00:15:35,600 Speaker 1: sixteen people who were aboard the Batavia when it wrecked, 273 00:15:36,040 --> 00:15:39,800 Speaker 1: only about a hundred and sixteen survived. Webby Hayes was 274 00:15:39,840 --> 00:15:43,240 Speaker 1: commissioned as an officer on arrival in Batavia, and all 275 00:15:43,280 --> 00:15:47,920 Speaker 1: his soldiers were promoted from privates to cadets. Lucretia Jahns, 276 00:15:47,960 --> 00:15:51,160 Speaker 1: who at one point during the trials was accused by 277 00:15:51,240 --> 00:15:54,680 Speaker 1: her rapists of having tempted them into it, arrived in 278 00:15:54,760 --> 00:15:57,440 Speaker 1: Batavia to learn that her husband had been dead for 279 00:15:57,560 --> 00:16:01,800 Speaker 1: at least five months. We don't really know whether Cornelis's 280 00:16:01,920 --> 00:16:04,680 Speaker 1: wife ever learned of his treachery. Her story sort of 281 00:16:04,680 --> 00:16:07,520 Speaker 1: fades away after a prolonged and public back and forth 282 00:16:07,920 --> 00:16:10,520 Speaker 1: with the syphilitic wet nurse that they had hired. So 283 00:16:11,280 --> 00:16:14,960 Speaker 1: Lobster fisherman found the Batavia's wreckage in nineteen sixty three 284 00:16:15,400 --> 00:16:17,760 Speaker 1: and part of the hall was raised from the ocean 285 00:16:17,760 --> 00:16:21,640 Speaker 1: floor and it's now displayed in the Western Australian Maritime Museum, 286 00:16:21,680 --> 00:16:23,760 Speaker 1: and there are also other artifacts from the wreck that 287 00:16:23,800 --> 00:16:27,200 Speaker 1: are on displayed there and in other museums. There has 288 00:16:27,240 --> 00:16:30,760 Speaker 1: also been an extensive study of bodies from Batavia's graveyard 289 00:16:30,840 --> 00:16:36,080 Speaker 1: and surrounding islands. It's basically super horrifying. Yeah, lots of 290 00:16:36,160 --> 00:16:40,080 Speaker 1: evidence of how people were brutally bludgeoned to death and 291 00:16:40,160 --> 00:16:45,200 Speaker 1: had multiple broken bones and skull fractures, and that's pretty 292 00:16:45,320 --> 00:16:49,680 Speaker 1: terrible uh. In a weird way, the Batavia and its 293 00:16:49,680 --> 00:16:52,360 Speaker 1: shipwreck wound up being the source of a whole lot 294 00:16:52,400 --> 00:16:57,280 Speaker 1: of first slash other notable historical things, like it was 295 00:16:57,320 --> 00:17:00,160 Speaker 1: the first Dutch ship lost off the coast of Australia. 296 00:17:00,800 --> 00:17:04,199 Speaker 1: Webby Hayes's shelters were the first European structures on the 297 00:17:04,240 --> 00:17:07,240 Speaker 1: continent of Australia, and the ruins of those shelters still 298 00:17:07,240 --> 00:17:11,919 Speaker 1: stand today. That two marooned Mutineers were the first European 299 00:17:12,000 --> 00:17:15,399 Speaker 1: residents of Australia. And the Batavia is the only v 300 00:17:15,480 --> 00:17:18,680 Speaker 1: o C ship to have been archaeologically raised and conserved. 301 00:17:19,119 --> 00:17:21,920 Speaker 1: And this whole incident also inspired the v o C 302 00:17:22,240 --> 00:17:25,919 Speaker 1: to methodically map the coastline of US Australia so that 303 00:17:26,040 --> 00:17:32,000 Speaker 1: perhaps such a disaster would never happen again. Yeah, that 304 00:17:32,119 --> 00:17:33,800 Speaker 1: will make you not want to get on a boat. 305 00:17:34,600 --> 00:17:38,159 Speaker 1: It's the The whole story has so many layers of 306 00:17:38,280 --> 00:17:43,480 Speaker 1: just awful, our awfulness that keeps getting worse and more awful. 307 00:17:44,320 --> 00:17:46,119 Speaker 1: I think this is one I don't remember who. I 308 00:17:46,119 --> 00:17:50,399 Speaker 1: think this is one that someone suggested on Twitter and 309 00:17:50,720 --> 00:17:53,120 Speaker 1: I was kind of like, Mutine's me and you sound good. 310 00:17:53,320 --> 00:17:55,120 Speaker 1: And then I took one look at it and went, wait, 311 00:17:55,200 --> 00:17:57,480 Speaker 1: this is more than just a mutiny. There's a whole 312 00:17:57,520 --> 00:18:00,640 Speaker 1: lot more than mutiny going on here. Yeah, it's kind 313 00:18:00,720 --> 00:18:04,080 Speaker 1: of like a portrait of like the worst of humanity 314 00:18:04,240 --> 00:18:10,960 Speaker 1: in many ways. Yeah, that troubling. Yeah, I like Webby Hayes. 315 00:18:12,240 --> 00:18:14,320 Speaker 1: He kind of fades away from history. We don't really 316 00:18:14,760 --> 00:18:16,879 Speaker 1: know what happened to him. It's kind of assumed that 317 00:18:16,960 --> 00:18:19,520 Speaker 1: perhaps he died of some sort of tropical illness. We 318 00:18:20,000 --> 00:18:23,040 Speaker 1: just don't have a lot of historical record on him 319 00:18:23,080 --> 00:18:28,080 Speaker 1: after the end of the Batavia story. But yeah, while 320 00:18:28,080 --> 00:18:31,080 Speaker 1: everybody else was having some Lord of Flies action, he 321 00:18:31,200 --> 00:18:36,800 Speaker 1: was keeping things. Ducks were in a row. So I 322 00:18:36,840 --> 00:18:40,840 Speaker 1: have a little listener mail dependent. This listener mail is 323 00:18:40,960 --> 00:18:45,840 Speaker 1: from Alexander, and Alexander says, Dear Tracy and Holly. I've 324 00:18:45,840 --> 00:18:47,919 Speaker 1: been a longtime listener of the podcast, and while not 325 00:18:47,960 --> 00:18:49,840 Speaker 1: as regular as I like to me, try to listen 326 00:18:50,160 --> 00:18:52,880 Speaker 1: as much as I can. They certainly help an otherwise 327 00:18:52,880 --> 00:18:56,040 Speaker 1: slow day at work fly by. While listening to past episodes, 328 00:18:56,119 --> 00:18:58,000 Speaker 1: I heard your podcast on say Shown a Gone and 329 00:18:58,000 --> 00:19:00,520 Speaker 1: I wanted to pass on an interesting fact about the period. 330 00:19:00,880 --> 00:19:03,600 Speaker 1: As a history major that focused on Asian studies. I 331 00:19:03,640 --> 00:19:06,720 Speaker 1: had always wondered why medieval Japan had so many female 332 00:19:06,760 --> 00:19:08,880 Speaker 1: authors as opposed to the rest of the world, which 333 00:19:08,880 --> 00:19:12,119 Speaker 1: focused more on male dominated traditions. While women in the 334 00:19:12,160 --> 00:19:14,879 Speaker 1: hand Court were responsible for many great literary works of 335 00:19:14,960 --> 00:19:17,040 Speaker 1: the time and then in parentheses the Tale of Ganji 336 00:19:17,119 --> 00:19:19,960 Speaker 1: and the Pillow Talks in particular, the men of the 337 00:19:19,960 --> 00:19:23,000 Speaker 1: period didn't really come up with much to match. This 338 00:19:23,080 --> 00:19:25,840 Speaker 1: had remained a mystery to me until recently. It turns 339 00:19:25,840 --> 00:19:28,560 Speaker 1: out that a big reason for hay on courts, prolific 340 00:19:28,640 --> 00:19:32,080 Speaker 1: female population and lackluster showing for the men has to 341 00:19:32,119 --> 00:19:35,159 Speaker 1: do with court tradition. As you Guys mentioned in the podcast, 342 00:19:35,480 --> 00:19:38,359 Speaker 1: the hand court was largely dominated by Chinese culture, and 343 00:19:38,400 --> 00:19:41,480 Speaker 1: tradition has had a major effect on how court nobles 344 00:19:41,520 --> 00:19:44,719 Speaker 1: conducted themselves, including the language that they would write in. 345 00:19:45,240 --> 00:19:48,119 Speaker 1: It was considered proper and sophisticated for male noblemen to 346 00:19:48,160 --> 00:19:50,840 Speaker 1: write and speak in Chinese, while women were expected to 347 00:19:50,840 --> 00:19:54,680 Speaker 1: know Japanese. This ironically had a negative influence on men 348 00:19:54,720 --> 00:19:56,840 Speaker 1: and their poetry because they will be writing using a 349 00:19:56,880 --> 00:20:00,520 Speaker 1: second language, which resulted in mediocre literary works. On the 350 00:20:00,520 --> 00:20:02,520 Speaker 1: other hand, women in the hand court were able to 351 00:20:02,560 --> 00:20:06,240 Speaker 1: write in their first language, which facilitated much more artistic 352 00:20:06,320 --> 00:20:09,399 Speaker 1: and literary ability. Has resulted at a much higher quality 353 00:20:09,440 --> 00:20:12,480 Speaker 1: of literary writings, such as the Tale of Genji Uh 354 00:20:12,520 --> 00:20:15,600 Speaker 1: and pillow books from the fetal population, while the male 355 00:20:15,640 --> 00:20:20,800 Speaker 1: population tended to lag behind. That is fascinating. It is 356 00:20:20,960 --> 00:20:23,439 Speaker 1: it rang a distant bell in my head. I vaguely 357 00:20:23,440 --> 00:20:26,960 Speaker 1: remember at one point hearing about um the separation of 358 00:20:27,040 --> 00:20:30,560 Speaker 1: languages across the sexes, but that's as far as my 359 00:20:30,600 --> 00:20:33,040 Speaker 1: brain went with it. Yeah, so it's cool to get 360 00:20:33,640 --> 00:20:36,920 Speaker 1: more in depth analysis of how that all panned out. 361 00:20:37,040 --> 00:20:39,240 Speaker 1: So thank you very much for that note. If you 362 00:20:39,240 --> 00:20:41,119 Speaker 1: would like to write to us, you can. We're at 363 00:20:41,160 --> 00:20:44,080 Speaker 1: History Podcasts that Discovery dot com. We're also on Facebook 364 00:20:44,080 --> 00:20:46,320 Speaker 1: at facebook dot com, slash miss in History and on 365 00:20:46,359 --> 00:20:48,960 Speaker 1: Twitter at missed in History. Are tumbler is missed in 366 00:20:49,000 --> 00:20:52,080 Speaker 1: History dot tumbler dot com. Our pinterest is pinterest dot com. 367 00:20:52,119 --> 00:20:54,960 Speaker 1: Slast missed in History one more time. We are at 368 00:20:55,000 --> 00:20:59,440 Speaker 1: missed in History dot com as well. Uh. You can 369 00:20:59,560 --> 00:21:01,959 Speaker 1: come to our website our other website, which is how 370 00:21:01,960 --> 00:21:04,640 Speaker 1: stuff Works dot com. We have two websites now. If 371 00:21:04,640 --> 00:21:06,280 Speaker 1: you would like to learn more about what we talked 372 00:21:06,280 --> 00:21:08,720 Speaker 1: about today. You can come to our other website, which 373 00:21:08,720 --> 00:21:10,560 Speaker 1: is how stuff works dot com to learn a little 374 00:21:10,560 --> 00:21:12,560 Speaker 1: bit more about we talked about today. Put in the 375 00:21:12,560 --> 00:21:15,000 Speaker 1: words East India Company and you will learn about one 376 00:21:15,040 --> 00:21:18,240 Speaker 1: of the other East India companies, which is the British 377 00:21:18,280 --> 00:21:20,720 Speaker 1: East India Company. 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