1 00:00:01,240 --> 00:00:04,680 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know from house Stuff Works 2 00:00:04,720 --> 00:00:15,520 Speaker 1: dot com. Won wa hey, and welcome to the podcast. 3 00:00:15,600 --> 00:00:19,840 Speaker 1: I'm Josh Clark Wal There's Charles W. Chuck Bryant Wall, 4 00:00:19,960 --> 00:00:23,360 Speaker 1: and there's Jerry And this is stuff you should wall 5 00:00:23,560 --> 00:00:28,800 Speaker 1: Wall Wall Wall the podcast you're making. I'm giggling like 6 00:00:28,800 --> 00:00:32,200 Speaker 1: a schoolgirl. You're making a I think I just topped 7 00:00:32,200 --> 00:00:35,599 Speaker 1: to school girl. One echo e reverbi uh sound. So 8 00:00:35,720 --> 00:00:39,080 Speaker 1: this could only be about one thing. Nature's ox siden 9 00:00:39,120 --> 00:00:42,440 Speaker 1: that's right, and two oh, that's right. Hippie Crack, the 10 00:00:42,520 --> 00:00:49,400 Speaker 1: Bitter Mistress, Whippets, jazz Juice, Yeah, why not? I mean 11 00:00:49,440 --> 00:00:52,920 Speaker 1: those are the street names that has medical efforts. Some 12 00:00:52,960 --> 00:00:55,040 Speaker 1: of those are made up. Yeah, we're gonna cover the 13 00:00:55,040 --> 00:00:59,280 Speaker 1: whole gamut here. Yeah, medical use and recreational use dangers. 14 00:01:00,400 --> 00:01:03,120 Speaker 1: We're gonna do an episode on nitrous ox side. That's right. 15 00:01:03,640 --> 00:01:07,800 Speaker 1: Um so, Chuck, we should probably start not at the beginning, 16 00:01:08,200 --> 00:01:11,119 Speaker 1: but not at the end, somewhere in the middle, because 17 00:01:11,200 --> 00:01:14,959 Speaker 1: the history of nitrous ox side is extraordinarily interesting. Just 18 00:01:15,040 --> 00:01:17,399 Speaker 1: the history. Yeah, we're gonna tell it out of order 19 00:01:17,520 --> 00:01:21,640 Speaker 1: like pulp fiction. That's right. See if you can recognize 20 00:01:21,680 --> 00:01:27,600 Speaker 1: characters from other movies like Vincent vegas brother. Yeah, Michael 21 00:01:27,600 --> 00:01:30,720 Speaker 1: Madison was Vincent Vega's brother. Did you know that? Yeah, oh, 22 00:01:30,760 --> 00:01:33,720 Speaker 1: you knew that. I did. Well. Well, I don't think 23 00:01:33,760 --> 00:01:37,040 Speaker 1: that's not most heavily guarded secrets. Did you notice that 24 00:01:37,200 --> 00:01:39,720 Speaker 1: red Apple cigarettes make an appearance in more than just 25 00:01:39,760 --> 00:01:43,120 Speaker 1: pulp ficture? I'm done. Did you notice that Quentin Tarantino 26 00:01:43,280 --> 00:01:47,120 Speaker 1: likes to write two hundred and seventy five page scripts. Yeah, 27 00:01:47,520 --> 00:01:51,080 Speaker 1: but that's nothing compared to the five hundred and eighty 28 00:01:51,240 --> 00:01:55,440 Speaker 1: page tone that Humphrey Davy wrote on nitros ox side. 29 00:01:55,520 --> 00:01:57,680 Speaker 1: Very nice little segue. All right, So we're not even 30 00:01:57,680 --> 00:01:59,800 Speaker 1: talking about Humphrey Davy yet, he's at the beginning. He's 31 00:01:59,840 --> 00:02:01,559 Speaker 1: not even at the beginning, but he's towards the beginning. 32 00:02:01,560 --> 00:02:04,600 Speaker 1: We're gonna talk instead about the sad saga of one 33 00:02:04,720 --> 00:02:08,560 Speaker 1: Dr Horace Wells d d S very sad. Yeah. So 34 00:02:08,760 --> 00:02:12,320 Speaker 1: Dr Horace Wells was a dentist in New Haven, Connecticut. 35 00:02:12,400 --> 00:02:16,560 Speaker 1: I believe in the eighteen forties. What is dds is 36 00:02:16,560 --> 00:02:20,000 Speaker 1: that Dennis Dennis Cee? Is that what that means? That's 37 00:02:20,000 --> 00:02:22,720 Speaker 1: what I've always assumed it was. And at this point 38 00:02:22,760 --> 00:02:24,680 Speaker 1: everyone knows. We just make most of the stuff we 39 00:02:24,720 --> 00:02:27,760 Speaker 1: stay up. That's right. Uh, so you're right, sir. He 40 00:02:27,800 --> 00:02:30,480 Speaker 1: was a dentist in Hotford, Connecticut. It was Hartford, I said, 41 00:02:30,520 --> 00:02:34,079 Speaker 1: new Haven. Uh what's the difference, as long as the 42 00:02:34,160 --> 00:02:38,320 Speaker 1: thing Connecticut. And this was in the eighteen thirties and uh, 43 00:02:40,240 --> 00:02:44,280 Speaker 1: oh man really yeah, maybe we should start over. Wow 44 00:02:44,280 --> 00:02:47,639 Speaker 1: wow wow, all right. Uh. He was a dnnist in 45 00:02:47,639 --> 00:02:50,400 Speaker 1: the eighteen thirties, and he recognized something that all dennist 46 00:02:50,440 --> 00:02:54,080 Speaker 1: of the day recognized, which is, everyone hates your guts 47 00:02:54,240 --> 00:02:59,000 Speaker 1: because you're causing excruciating amounts of pain on a daily 48 00:02:59,040 --> 00:03:02,480 Speaker 1: basis to your patients. Yeah. It's it's like, here's some whiskey, 49 00:03:02,560 --> 00:03:05,880 Speaker 1: Maybe bite on this broomstick. Well, actually can't do that 50 00:03:05,960 --> 00:03:08,839 Speaker 1: because you're doing dynastry. You can't even do that. Yeah, 51 00:03:08,880 --> 00:03:11,320 Speaker 1: you ever heard the term it's like pulling teeth. That's 52 00:03:11,400 --> 00:03:14,200 Speaker 1: where it comes from, right, And and so Horace wells 53 00:03:14,280 --> 00:03:19,160 Speaker 1: dds dentist. Dentist. See. Uh. He felt pretty bad about 54 00:03:19,200 --> 00:03:22,519 Speaker 1: this enough so that um he went to a traveling 55 00:03:22,520 --> 00:03:25,679 Speaker 1: exhibition once that came through town. And this was in 56 00:03:25,760 --> 00:03:28,280 Speaker 1: the eighteen forties, and it was staged by a man 57 00:03:28,440 --> 00:03:32,280 Speaker 1: named h A. Gardener Colton. That's a great name, Gardner 58 00:03:32,360 --> 00:03:36,960 Speaker 1: Quincy Colton sounds like a rich kid from Texas or yeah, 59 00:03:37,040 --> 00:03:40,200 Speaker 1: or like a side show showman, which is what he was, right. 60 00:03:40,480 --> 00:03:43,320 Speaker 1: And he actually was in medical school for a little while. 61 00:03:43,320 --> 00:03:45,800 Speaker 1: And while he was in med school he was introduced 62 00:03:45,800 --> 00:03:49,600 Speaker 1: to the wonders of huffing nitrous oxide. And he said, 63 00:03:50,480 --> 00:03:52,960 Speaker 1: I'm not gonna do medical school anymore. I's gonna drop 64 00:03:53,000 --> 00:03:55,880 Speaker 1: out and hit the road with the old hippie crack. 65 00:03:56,120 --> 00:03:59,400 Speaker 1: Yeah exactly, and show people what's what. And so at 66 00:03:59,440 --> 00:04:04,600 Speaker 1: one of these inmonstrations in Hartford and sometime in the forties, um, 67 00:04:04,720 --> 00:04:08,600 Speaker 1: he saw Colton give this demo and and I guess 68 00:04:08,680 --> 00:04:11,800 Speaker 1: right afterwards, saw a man run into the stage or 69 00:04:11,840 --> 00:04:15,880 Speaker 1: fell off the stage and hurt his leg, and Wells 70 00:04:15,920 --> 00:04:17,240 Speaker 1: went over. I was like, are you okay? And the 71 00:04:17,320 --> 00:04:19,520 Speaker 1: guys like, what are you talking about? And he said 72 00:04:19,600 --> 00:04:21,840 Speaker 1: the bonus sticking out of your legs, sir, And he's like, 73 00:04:21,960 --> 00:04:24,960 Speaker 1: what's the bone? Now? It wasn't that bad, but he 74 00:04:25,040 --> 00:04:29,159 Speaker 1: did say interesting, Um, here's what I'll do. I'll get 75 00:04:29,279 --> 00:04:32,760 Speaker 1: Colton to come into my office tomorrow and my buddy 76 00:04:33,080 --> 00:04:37,240 Speaker 1: colleague John Riggs, I'll get Colton to administer the gas, 77 00:04:37,279 --> 00:04:39,520 Speaker 1: and I'll get Rigs to pull one of my teeth, 78 00:04:40,320 --> 00:04:43,200 Speaker 1: and uh, he did so, and he said, I did 79 00:04:43,200 --> 00:04:45,200 Speaker 1: not feel so much as the prick of a pin. 80 00:04:45,640 --> 00:04:48,080 Speaker 1: And he said, I think we're onto something here, something 81 00:04:48,520 --> 00:04:52,400 Speaker 1: called pain free dentistry a k a. Please stop painting me, right, 82 00:04:52,440 --> 00:04:55,839 Speaker 1: And so Wells followed in this really great tradition that 83 00:04:56,800 --> 00:05:00,000 Speaker 1: really stopped and I guess probably about the twentieth century 84 00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:03,160 Speaker 1: of the late twentieth century of where if you're a scientist, 85 00:05:03,360 --> 00:05:06,680 Speaker 1: you or your own first human test subject. People still 86 00:05:06,720 --> 00:05:10,960 Speaker 1: do that. Yeah, apparently in um in Marvel Comics they do. 87 00:05:11,160 --> 00:05:13,719 Speaker 1: One of the greatest articles I've ever read in any 88 00:05:13,760 --> 00:05:17,360 Speaker 1: magazine anywhere in all time throughout the universe in perpetuity 89 00:05:18,000 --> 00:05:21,080 Speaker 1: is called blood Spore, and it was about the murder 90 00:05:21,120 --> 00:05:26,920 Speaker 1: of a mycologist scientists who studies mushrooms, and um it's 91 00:05:27,160 --> 00:05:30,520 Speaker 1: really really interesting. There's all sorts of weird like cold 92 00:05:30,600 --> 00:05:33,080 Speaker 1: case stuff to it, but there's also like an under 93 00:05:33,320 --> 00:05:36,360 Speaker 1: underlying thread where if you're a mycologist and you discover 94 00:05:36,440 --> 00:05:40,279 Speaker 1: a mushroom, you try it out on yourself, Like that's 95 00:05:40,360 --> 00:05:42,680 Speaker 1: just what they do still today. I think that you 96 00:05:42,720 --> 00:05:44,880 Speaker 1: try it on yourself after you fed it to your children, 97 00:05:45,920 --> 00:05:48,120 Speaker 1: just to see what happens. Maybe your dog first, and 98 00:05:48,160 --> 00:05:50,560 Speaker 1: then you try it on you. Man. I'll bet those 99 00:05:50,640 --> 00:05:54,680 Speaker 1: those mycologist dogs were bandanas then are super laid back. 100 00:05:54,720 --> 00:05:57,880 Speaker 1: You know. Uh, what's the name of the article? I 101 00:05:57,920 --> 00:06:00,680 Speaker 1: want to check that blood spore is in Harper's which 102 00:06:00,680 --> 00:06:04,039 Speaker 1: means it's behind a paywall. But gotcha, it's It's almost 103 00:06:04,080 --> 00:06:07,320 Speaker 1: worth a year's subscription just for that one. And Harper's 104 00:06:07,400 --> 00:06:12,120 Speaker 1: archives are definitely full of good articles, agreed. So Wells 105 00:06:12,320 --> 00:06:14,880 Speaker 1: was pretty happy because he knew he was onto something there. 106 00:06:15,320 --> 00:06:20,240 Speaker 1: And he said he performed um, just dental procedures for 107 00:06:20,279 --> 00:06:23,240 Speaker 1: the next uh a few weeks and months on dozens 108 00:06:23,279 --> 00:06:25,239 Speaker 1: of patients, and they were all like, this is great, 109 00:06:25,480 --> 00:06:27,400 Speaker 1: it's great. Didn't feel a thing, doc, And he said, 110 00:06:27,400 --> 00:06:29,800 Speaker 1: I think I'm ready. I wanna present this to some 111 00:06:29,880 --> 00:06:33,680 Speaker 1: Harvard medical students in the establishment. And he got on 112 00:06:33,760 --> 00:06:37,719 Speaker 1: stage and uh, he went to pull a tooth and 113 00:06:37,760 --> 00:06:40,919 Speaker 1: the guy started screaming. Yeah. So like after all of 114 00:06:40,960 --> 00:06:44,479 Speaker 1: these tests, successful tests, when he finally gets up the 115 00:06:44,520 --> 00:06:48,919 Speaker 1: gumpchen to give a successful demonstration, it goes as bad 116 00:06:48,960 --> 00:06:51,280 Speaker 1: as it could and it's actually called the Humbug affair 117 00:06:51,720 --> 00:06:55,919 Speaker 1: because the medical students shouted humbug and what was the 118 00:06:55,960 --> 00:06:59,480 Speaker 1: other swindler at him, and he's like, no, I'm not, 119 00:06:59,600 --> 00:07:01,520 Speaker 1: I'm not, and I swear this is for real, I 120 00:07:01,520 --> 00:07:04,000 Speaker 1: really care about my patients. In the room started spinning 121 00:07:04,000 --> 00:07:06,039 Speaker 1: and he fell over and when he came to, he 122 00:07:06,080 --> 00:07:10,240 Speaker 1: was on skid row, hooked on chloroform and nitrous oxide. Yeah. 123 00:07:10,320 --> 00:07:12,440 Speaker 1: He later went on to say that, um, although wait, 124 00:07:12,560 --> 00:07:16,040 Speaker 1: let me let me clarify, you technically can't get hooked 125 00:07:16,040 --> 00:07:18,600 Speaker 1: on nitrous ox side, but he was huffing a lot 126 00:07:18,640 --> 00:07:22,600 Speaker 1: of nitrous oxide, right. Uh. Well, although, Davy, well we'll 127 00:07:22,600 --> 00:07:25,000 Speaker 1: get to that be a spoiler. He went on to 128 00:07:25,000 --> 00:07:28,520 Speaker 1: say that he thought that he had probably withdrawn too 129 00:07:28,600 --> 00:07:32,440 Speaker 1: much too soon from the guy, because, as we'll go 130 00:07:32,480 --> 00:07:34,960 Speaker 1: on to talk about here in a little bit, um, 131 00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:37,600 Speaker 1: when you stopped breathing in nitris, you go back to 132 00:07:37,640 --> 00:07:40,600 Speaker 1: normal pretty quickly, very quickly. So he kind of just aired. 133 00:07:40,680 --> 00:07:42,080 Speaker 1: I don't know, I would have gone a little bit 134 00:07:42,120 --> 00:07:44,760 Speaker 1: overboard for the demo. Sure, on the same side, I 135 00:07:44,760 --> 00:07:48,440 Speaker 1: would have been like ninety night pal, but um, yeah, 136 00:07:48,480 --> 00:07:52,040 Speaker 1: he he became well, like you said, not hooked, but 137 00:07:52,440 --> 00:07:55,800 Speaker 1: a heavy user of ether and chloroform. Oh yes, ether 138 00:07:56,200 --> 00:07:59,920 Speaker 1: um in the on his thirty third birthday, he was 139 00:08:00,160 --> 00:08:03,480 Speaker 1: I think awaiting arrival of his He ended up living alone, 140 00:08:03,560 --> 00:08:06,240 Speaker 1: moved and was waiting on his wife and kid to 141 00:08:06,320 --> 00:08:08,760 Speaker 1: come to London. But by this time he'd sunk into 142 00:08:08,800 --> 00:08:13,040 Speaker 1: like a terrible depression, right and uh, he was alone 143 00:08:13,080 --> 00:08:15,320 Speaker 1: because his family wasn't able to join him yet. And 144 00:08:15,400 --> 00:08:18,440 Speaker 1: he flipped out on his thirty third birthday, went out 145 00:08:18,440 --> 00:08:20,400 Speaker 1: on the street and throw acid on these two women. 146 00:08:20,480 --> 00:08:23,960 Speaker 1: Flipped out after going on like a chloroform vendor. Yeah, 147 00:08:24,040 --> 00:08:28,200 Speaker 1: and went to prison, and in prison he sort of reached. 148 00:08:28,280 --> 00:08:30,960 Speaker 1: He kept doing chloroform and ether in prison because I 149 00:08:30,960 --> 00:08:35,800 Speaker 1: guess you could get it and hit rock bottom and 150 00:08:36,200 --> 00:08:40,040 Speaker 1: under an ether, Binge slashed his femoral artery in his 151 00:08:40,160 --> 00:08:43,720 Speaker 1: thigh died. Well. Yeah, he talked to the guard into 152 00:08:44,360 --> 00:08:47,640 Speaker 1: escorting him home to get his shaving kit. And at 153 00:08:47,679 --> 00:08:49,960 Speaker 1: home it's like I need a big razor. I think 154 00:08:50,000 --> 00:08:52,720 Speaker 1: at home or maybe back. If he's getting chloroform in prison, 155 00:08:52,800 --> 00:08:55,000 Speaker 1: it could have been there. He huffed the dose of 156 00:08:55,080 --> 00:08:59,120 Speaker 1: chloroform to anesthetize himself and then he cut his femoral 157 00:08:59,240 --> 00:09:03,200 Speaker 1: artery to the end. He was a believer in anesthesia, 158 00:09:04,160 --> 00:09:08,520 Speaker 1: I guess so. However, um years later, in eighteen sixty four, 159 00:09:08,600 --> 00:09:11,880 Speaker 1: he was he was recognized by the ADA, the American 160 00:09:11,960 --> 00:09:17,880 Speaker 1: Dental Association as a pioneer of using uh not ether 161 00:09:18,080 --> 00:09:22,680 Speaker 1: But what are we talking about? Two in dentistry in two? Oh? Yeah, 162 00:09:22,720 --> 00:09:26,760 Speaker 1: And do you know who got him to that point? Well, yeah, 163 00:09:27,360 --> 00:09:32,040 Speaker 1: Gardner Colton's He set up practice as a dentist, after all, 164 00:09:32,360 --> 00:09:35,120 Speaker 1: and it was his successful demonstrations that got the a 165 00:09:35,240 --> 00:09:37,880 Speaker 1: DA on board. So now we need to go back 166 00:09:37,920 --> 00:09:40,640 Speaker 1: in time. Yeah, even further back. That's sort of the middle. 167 00:09:41,080 --> 00:09:46,400 Speaker 1: So we're in the way back machine. I guess we 168 00:09:46,440 --> 00:09:48,240 Speaker 1: didn't point out where we're in there already. I think 169 00:09:48,280 --> 00:09:52,120 Speaker 1: everyone just assumed. And we go back seventy years previous 170 00:09:52,120 --> 00:09:59,600 Speaker 1: to Horace Wells, to a guy named Jason Priestley. Dylan, sorry, no, Brandon, 171 00:10:00,080 --> 00:10:05,840 Speaker 1: Joseph Priestley, that guy Jason Priestly's dad, Yeah, or great great, great, great, 172 00:10:05,880 --> 00:10:08,840 Speaker 1: great great great grandfather. I don't think there was any relation. Actually, 173 00:10:08,960 --> 00:10:14,839 Speaker 1: you don't know, you're right. Joseph Priestly. He was an Englishman, 174 00:10:15,400 --> 00:10:19,160 Speaker 1: and he begins like Priestley, that's right. And he was 175 00:10:19,200 --> 00:10:23,000 Speaker 1: a big he was an enlightened thinker, and he was 176 00:10:23,040 --> 00:10:26,079 Speaker 1: a contemporary Ben Franklin, and he was a smart guy 177 00:10:26,360 --> 00:10:30,080 Speaker 1: on a lot of different subjects. He was a polyglot. Yeah, 178 00:10:30,120 --> 00:10:32,560 Speaker 1: that's a good word for it. Cool guy. And no, 179 00:10:32,679 --> 00:10:36,120 Speaker 1: I'm sorry, he's a poly math. A polyglot as somebody 180 00:10:36,160 --> 00:10:38,600 Speaker 1: speaks a bunch of different languages. Poly math is somebody 181 00:10:38,600 --> 00:10:43,200 Speaker 1: who's in a bunch of different fields. Yeah. Probably. He 182 00:10:43,320 --> 00:10:45,400 Speaker 1: was an enlightenment guy for sure. Uh. And in the 183 00:10:45,400 --> 00:10:48,280 Speaker 1: seventeen seventies he was studying a love I think we 184 00:10:48,280 --> 00:10:51,800 Speaker 1: should go back to using only old terminology because what 185 00:10:51,840 --> 00:10:55,320 Speaker 1: they called gases back then was the study of the airs, 186 00:10:56,080 --> 00:11:00,480 Speaker 1: which is great, totally makes sense. Gasses and to shoot 187 00:11:00,480 --> 00:11:04,520 Speaker 1: a duck. And he actually lived next to a brewery, 188 00:11:05,120 --> 00:11:07,000 Speaker 1: so he had a lot of access to CEO two 189 00:11:07,840 --> 00:11:12,080 Speaker 1: and very smartly created a device called the pneumatic trough 190 00:11:12,800 --> 00:11:15,679 Speaker 1: to isolate gases, collect and isolate these gases, and he 191 00:11:15,720 --> 00:11:17,640 Speaker 1: was good at it so well. A guy named Steven 192 00:11:17,640 --> 00:11:21,720 Speaker 1: Hales actually created the first pneumatic trough, which is actually 193 00:11:21,800 --> 00:11:24,960 Speaker 1: pretty simple invention. It's neat though, so like you have 194 00:11:25,040 --> 00:11:27,400 Speaker 1: a tube Let's say you have a fire and you 195 00:11:27,440 --> 00:11:30,240 Speaker 1: want to collect carbon monoxide from it. You basically have 196 00:11:30,280 --> 00:11:33,240 Speaker 1: a tube that collects it the smoke that's coming off 197 00:11:33,280 --> 00:11:36,720 Speaker 1: of it, and the tube goes into a vat of 198 00:11:36,800 --> 00:11:42,000 Speaker 1: water and up into a like a glass bell jar 199 00:11:42,400 --> 00:11:45,080 Speaker 1: that's upside down. It's inverted so that there's there's air 200 00:11:45,080 --> 00:11:47,800 Speaker 1: at the top. I think the principle is similar. And 201 00:11:48,080 --> 00:11:50,640 Speaker 1: so the smoke goes into the water and then goes 202 00:11:50,800 --> 00:11:53,640 Speaker 1: up and is filtered through the water. And what the 203 00:11:53,840 --> 00:11:56,000 Speaker 1: gas you have on the other end is whatever you're 204 00:11:56,000 --> 00:11:58,400 Speaker 1: looking for, or a bunch of different gases that you 205 00:11:58,400 --> 00:12:01,560 Speaker 1: can study and pure form, simple, pistically beautiful. It is 206 00:12:01,679 --> 00:12:04,640 Speaker 1: so um priestly had his own that he made the 207 00:12:04,679 --> 00:12:10,240 Speaker 1: pneumatic trough. And this guy actually isolated eight different gases 208 00:12:10,440 --> 00:12:14,360 Speaker 1: or airs for the first time, which apparently is a record. Still, yeah, 209 00:12:14,440 --> 00:12:16,520 Speaker 1: I don't know what the record is, like most gases 210 00:12:16,520 --> 00:12:20,880 Speaker 1: discovered in a single lifetime. Okay, I guess all right, 211 00:12:21,960 --> 00:12:24,320 Speaker 1: that's good it is. I don't know that there's any 212 00:12:24,360 --> 00:12:28,200 Speaker 1: more gases to discover. I wonder, and who studies that 213 00:12:28,280 --> 00:12:30,680 Speaker 1: kind of thing? What do you call somebody who studies gases? 214 00:12:31,320 --> 00:12:36,200 Speaker 1: An Arologists analysis. Well, if you do that right into us, 215 00:12:36,200 --> 00:12:38,120 Speaker 1: because I want to know all about that and if 216 00:12:38,200 --> 00:12:40,160 Speaker 1: there's if you guys think there's any gases left to 217 00:12:40,200 --> 00:12:44,280 Speaker 1: be discovered here on earth. Agreed. Alright, let's take a 218 00:12:44,280 --> 00:12:47,440 Speaker 1: break before we talk about Humphrey Davy because he's this 219 00:12:47,520 --> 00:13:08,000 Speaker 1: is where the story gets really good. That was quite 220 00:13:08,040 --> 00:13:11,080 Speaker 1: a break. Yeah, I can't believe you broke that lamp. 221 00:13:11,600 --> 00:13:17,920 Speaker 1: That was upset, all right, Humphrey Davy. Uh, he worked 222 00:13:17,920 --> 00:13:21,520 Speaker 1: at a place called the Neumatic Institute, and they used 223 00:13:22,080 --> 00:13:28,120 Speaker 1: gases as for therapy, curative therapies, and he got into 224 00:13:28,280 --> 00:13:30,280 Speaker 1: using them on himself, which, like you said, was sort 225 00:13:30,280 --> 00:13:32,400 Speaker 1: of the thing to do at the time, you experiment 226 00:13:32,440 --> 00:13:35,480 Speaker 1: on yourself, right. Plus, as the author of this Rolling 227 00:13:35,520 --> 00:13:39,360 Speaker 1: Stone article from n that I read pointed out, Yeah, 228 00:13:39,559 --> 00:13:41,880 Speaker 1: he was also like twenty at the time, so it 229 00:13:41,960 --> 00:13:44,520 Speaker 1: totally makes sense that he would like half a bunch 230 00:13:44,559 --> 00:13:48,319 Speaker 1: of nitrous ocksides and then and call it science, right, 231 00:13:48,440 --> 00:13:50,760 Speaker 1: But he I mean, it really was science. So this 232 00:13:50,840 --> 00:13:55,120 Speaker 1: guy apparently had tried it a few times before, but 233 00:13:55,160 --> 00:13:58,120 Speaker 1: then his big experiment, his first huge experiment was on 234 00:13:58,240 --> 00:14:01,160 Speaker 1: Boxing Day of seventeen nine d nine, right, which is 235 00:14:01,200 --> 00:14:07,400 Speaker 1: December it's very important that you remember December. Why is 236 00:14:07,440 --> 00:14:11,400 Speaker 1: it important, Well, it was boxing Day, but it was 237 00:14:11,440 --> 00:14:15,800 Speaker 1: also literally box day because Humphrey Davy got into a 238 00:14:15,840 --> 00:14:19,560 Speaker 1: box and had some guy pump in. Was it like 239 00:14:19,600 --> 00:14:22,520 Speaker 1: twenty courts? Yeah, he's he stepped into a seal box 240 00:14:22,520 --> 00:14:26,760 Speaker 1: and he requested a physician, like a real doctor, to 241 00:14:26,840 --> 00:14:30,640 Speaker 1: release twenty courts because otherwise it just be crazy. Right, 242 00:14:31,400 --> 00:14:35,160 Speaker 1: He released twenty quarts of nitrous oxide every five minutes 243 00:14:35,240 --> 00:14:38,560 Speaker 1: as long as I'm conscious. That must have been the 244 00:14:38,600 --> 00:14:41,760 Speaker 1: safe word is I'm passed out. And he went for 245 00:14:41,840 --> 00:14:44,840 Speaker 1: an hour and fifteen minutes like that in this box, 246 00:14:45,480 --> 00:14:48,680 Speaker 1: and then he stepped out and apparently grabbed some oil 247 00:14:48,760 --> 00:14:53,840 Speaker 1: skins or also called gas bags, and um huffed another 248 00:14:53,880 --> 00:14:57,440 Speaker 1: twenty courts right afterward. And they're like, how are you 249 00:14:57,480 --> 00:15:01,720 Speaker 1: still standing? And he goes, I'm not i' he basically did. 250 00:15:01,840 --> 00:15:05,120 Speaker 1: He had a great disposition to laugh, which eventually is 251 00:15:05,160 --> 00:15:08,520 Speaker 1: where laughing gas would come from. Uh. He talked about 252 00:15:09,320 --> 00:15:13,360 Speaker 1: shining packets of light and energy. He talked about objects 253 00:15:13,720 --> 00:15:17,680 Speaker 1: dazzling in their intensity and sounds amplified into a cacophony 254 00:15:17,720 --> 00:15:21,600 Speaker 1: that echoed through infinite space, and losing all connection to 255 00:15:21,760 --> 00:15:24,560 Speaker 1: external things. It's pretty cool. So we there's this really 256 00:15:24,560 --> 00:15:27,760 Speaker 1: great article on the public domain review and it's called 257 00:15:27,760 --> 00:15:32,240 Speaker 1: oh excellent, gas bag, gas bag or airbag, airbag, air bag, 258 00:15:32,280 --> 00:15:35,360 Speaker 1: I'm sorry, which is a quote from a poet that 259 00:15:35,400 --> 00:15:37,880 Speaker 1: was friends with Humphrey Debut, who became the Poet Laureate 260 00:15:37,920 --> 00:15:43,320 Speaker 1: of Great Britain. Later on Um and the the Um, 261 00:15:43,840 --> 00:15:46,720 Speaker 1: the author really does a good job of describing what 262 00:15:46,880 --> 00:15:53,440 Speaker 1: nitrous oxide does to you, almost suspiciously good. So um. 263 00:15:53,600 --> 00:15:57,560 Speaker 1: They say that the first signature was it's curiously benign 264 00:15:57,600 --> 00:15:59,840 Speaker 1: sweet taste, followed by a general pressure in the head 265 00:16:00,040 --> 00:16:03,320 Speaker 1: as he continued to inhale. Within thirty seconds, the sensation 266 00:16:03,360 --> 00:16:06,440 Speaker 1: of soft, probing pressure had extended to his chest and 267 00:16:06,520 --> 00:16:09,160 Speaker 1: the tips of his fingers and toes. This was accompanied 268 00:16:09,200 --> 00:16:11,840 Speaker 1: by a vibrant burst of pleasure and a gradual change 269 00:16:11,840 --> 00:16:15,000 Speaker 1: in the world around him. Objects became brighter and clearer, 270 00:16:15,120 --> 00:16:17,360 Speaker 1: and the space in the cramped box seemed to expand 271 00:16:17,360 --> 00:16:21,160 Speaker 1: and take on unfamiliar dimensions. Now under the influence of 272 00:16:21,200 --> 00:16:24,400 Speaker 1: the largest dose of nitrous oxide anyone had ever taken, 273 00:16:24,680 --> 00:16:27,680 Speaker 1: these effects were intensified to levels he could not have imagined. 274 00:16:29,040 --> 00:16:32,120 Speaker 1: Should I keep going sure, do you want to do 275 00:16:32,160 --> 00:16:34,280 Speaker 1: you want to take over? I think it's better when 276 00:16:34,280 --> 00:16:40,120 Speaker 1: we break it, Okay. His hearing became fantastically acute, allowing 277 00:16:40,200 --> 00:16:43,000 Speaker 1: him to distinguish every sound in the room, and seemingly 278 00:16:43,040 --> 00:16:47,200 Speaker 1: from far beyond, a vast distant hump wah wah wah wah, 279 00:16:47,440 --> 00:16:50,720 Speaker 1: perhaps the vibration of the universe itself. In his field 280 00:16:50,720 --> 00:16:53,320 Speaker 1: of vision. The objects around him were teasing themselves apart 281 00:16:53,400 --> 00:16:56,440 Speaker 1: into shining packets of light and energy. He was rising 282 00:16:56,480 --> 00:17:00,440 Speaker 1: effortlessly in a new world whose existence he had never suspected. Somehow, 283 00:17:00,440 --> 00:17:04,600 Speaker 1: the whole experience was irresistibly funny. So Robert Southey, his 284 00:17:04,640 --> 00:17:08,239 Speaker 1: buddy you mentioned the future poet laureate. He brought him in. 285 00:17:08,280 --> 00:17:10,720 Speaker 1: Afterward he was like, I gotta get some more people 286 00:17:10,720 --> 00:17:13,960 Speaker 1: in on this fantastic I gotta share this. Yeah, that's 287 00:17:13,960 --> 00:17:17,679 Speaker 1: what you do. So he brought in Southey, got him high, 288 00:17:17,960 --> 00:17:21,600 Speaker 1: and he wrote his brother Tom a letter that said, 289 00:17:21,600 --> 00:17:26,600 Speaker 1: oh Tom, exclamation point, such a gas. As Davy discovered 290 00:17:26,680 --> 00:17:32,040 Speaker 1: the gaseous oxid, Oh Tom again, exclamation point, I have 291 00:17:32,119 --> 00:17:34,080 Speaker 1: had some. It made me laugh and tingle in every 292 00:17:34,119 --> 00:17:37,360 Speaker 1: toe and fingertip. Davy has actually invented a new pleasure 293 00:17:37,720 --> 00:17:41,560 Speaker 1: for which language has no name. Oh Tom, I am 294 00:17:41,600 --> 00:17:44,399 Speaker 1: going for more this evening. It makes one strong and 295 00:17:44,440 --> 00:17:50,000 Speaker 1: so happy, so gloriously happy. Oh excellent air bag exclamation point. 296 00:17:50,400 --> 00:17:54,639 Speaker 1: Pretty great stuff, no wonder So in the summer of 297 00:17:55,800 --> 00:17:59,120 Speaker 1: after they closed the shop down the Pneumatic Institution, during 298 00:17:59,119 --> 00:18:03,840 Speaker 1: the day, he would invite surgeons and playwrights and poets 299 00:18:03,840 --> 00:18:07,160 Speaker 1: and chemists and anyone who was interested who we could 300 00:18:07,200 --> 00:18:09,520 Speaker 1: get the word to to come in there and huff 301 00:18:09,600 --> 00:18:12,399 Speaker 1: nitrius um. I was about to say under the guise 302 00:18:12,400 --> 00:18:15,479 Speaker 1: of experimentation, but it really was because he would he 303 00:18:15,600 --> 00:18:18,840 Speaker 1: learned that he was really finding that there were it 304 00:18:18,920 --> 00:18:22,040 Speaker 1: was a language experiment because no one could accurately describe 305 00:18:22,040 --> 00:18:25,440 Speaker 1: what they were feeling with English words right exactly they 306 00:18:26,200 --> 00:18:30,880 Speaker 1: He found that very strange and insignificant that people would 307 00:18:30,920 --> 00:18:33,640 Speaker 1: just come out and just couldn't put it into into 308 00:18:33,680 --> 00:18:36,840 Speaker 1: words their experience. I mean, it was a brand new sensation, 309 00:18:36,880 --> 00:18:39,520 Speaker 1: there was um. One guy, James Thompson said, we must 310 00:18:39,520 --> 00:18:43,119 Speaker 1: either invent new terms to express these new and peculiar sensations, 311 00:18:43,400 --> 00:18:45,959 Speaker 1: or attach new ideas to old ones before we can 312 00:18:46,000 --> 00:18:50,359 Speaker 1: communicate intelligently, or I'm sorry intelligibly with each other on 313 00:18:50,400 --> 00:18:54,560 Speaker 1: the operation of this extraordinary gas. I think Um Samuel 314 00:18:54,800 --> 00:18:58,840 Speaker 1: Taylor Coleridge, the great poet, um put it best. He 315 00:18:58,920 --> 00:19:01,520 Speaker 1: put it really succinctly. He basically said that it was 316 00:19:01,600 --> 00:19:06,640 Speaker 1: like coming in from the snow into a warm room. Yeah. 317 00:19:06,680 --> 00:19:09,040 Speaker 1: So what happened was he did these experiments of these people. 318 00:19:09,119 --> 00:19:12,160 Speaker 1: They eventually got kind of tired of it. He experimented 319 00:19:12,240 --> 00:19:14,280 Speaker 1: on himself, like, not even in the room. He just 320 00:19:14,280 --> 00:19:16,720 Speaker 1: would fill up a big balloon or not a balloon 321 00:19:16,760 --> 00:19:21,560 Speaker 1: but a sip bag and just walk around England huffing. 322 00:19:22,440 --> 00:19:28,320 Speaker 1: And he found himself getting psychologically hooked at least because 323 00:19:28,359 --> 00:19:31,119 Speaker 1: he said, he confessed that the desire to breathe the 324 00:19:31,119 --> 00:19:33,879 Speaker 1: gas is awakened in me by the sight of a 325 00:19:33,920 --> 00:19:37,040 Speaker 1: person breathing. So he would just see someone walking and 326 00:19:37,080 --> 00:19:39,719 Speaker 1: breathing and think, oh, man, I wish I had some gas. 327 00:19:39,840 --> 00:19:42,600 Speaker 1: That's how they call it, hippie crack, Yeah, exactly. So 328 00:19:42,680 --> 00:19:45,280 Speaker 1: everyone else fell away. He was only experimenting with himself 329 00:19:45,280 --> 00:19:46,919 Speaker 1: for a little while. Then he brings in Cole Ridge 330 00:19:47,280 --> 00:19:50,520 Speaker 1: and they really buddied up, and Um, he I think 331 00:19:50,560 --> 00:19:53,199 Speaker 1: they were just kind of saw eye to eye on 332 00:19:53,280 --> 00:19:56,639 Speaker 1: the gas like neither one of them wanted to cease 333 00:19:56,720 --> 00:19:59,840 Speaker 1: using it. And so again, though you have to point out, 334 00:20:00,000 --> 00:20:02,399 Speaker 1: all this time, while he's under the he's just huffing 335 00:20:02,480 --> 00:20:06,760 Speaker 1: nitrous basically constantly. Humphrey Davy is still remaining a man 336 00:20:06,800 --> 00:20:12,159 Speaker 1: of science. Right, So remember December was the day that 337 00:20:12,240 --> 00:20:16,919 Speaker 1: the Boxing Day experiment took place, right by Easter. Just 338 00:20:16,960 --> 00:20:19,760 Speaker 1: a few months later, he'd written a five hundred and 339 00:20:19,800 --> 00:20:24,600 Speaker 1: eighty page scientific treatise on nitrous oxide and its effects 340 00:20:24,640 --> 00:20:29,880 Speaker 1: on humans and animals? Should I read the title Researches 341 00:20:30,040 --> 00:20:35,760 Speaker 1: Chemical and Philosophical Chiefly concerning Nitrous oxide or de man? 342 00:20:35,880 --> 00:20:40,440 Speaker 1: What is that word? Deflogisticated nitrous air and its respiration 343 00:20:41,200 --> 00:20:43,760 Speaker 1: was the name of it? Yes, So in that book 344 00:20:44,240 --> 00:20:47,960 Speaker 1: he mentioned something um kind of I guess off handedly. 345 00:20:48,280 --> 00:20:51,280 Speaker 1: He says that as nitrous oxide appears capable of destroying 346 00:20:51,320 --> 00:20:54,480 Speaker 1: physical pain, it may probably be used with advantage during 347 00:20:54,480 --> 00:20:58,119 Speaker 1: surgical operations in which no great effusion of blood takes place. Yes, 348 00:20:58,200 --> 00:21:01,440 Speaker 1: so not like open heart surgery, but maybe if you're 349 00:21:01,440 --> 00:21:05,720 Speaker 1: gonna set someone's broken arm. Right, So he says this, 350 00:21:06,000 --> 00:21:11,879 Speaker 1: But it's another forty years before Horace Wells starts trying 351 00:21:11,880 --> 00:21:15,000 Speaker 1: to use nitrous oxide as an anesthetic. Up to that point, 352 00:21:15,359 --> 00:21:19,320 Speaker 1: it's basically just a high society drug that people have 353 00:21:19,440 --> 00:21:23,560 Speaker 1: like nitrous parties with. That was the fate of nitrous 354 00:21:23,560 --> 00:21:26,840 Speaker 1: oxide from eighteen hundred to about the eighteen forties. And 355 00:21:26,880 --> 00:21:29,800 Speaker 1: then Horace Wells picks it up and it becomes brought 356 00:21:29,840 --> 00:21:33,040 Speaker 1: into the medical field. Yeah, they finally start using it 357 00:21:33,080 --> 00:21:35,360 Speaker 1: for its intended Uh, well, what would end up being 358 00:21:35,359 --> 00:21:39,959 Speaker 1: its intended purpose? That's still used today, right and uh. 359 00:21:40,000 --> 00:21:43,800 Speaker 1: In fact, nitrous oxide is the number one inhaled anesthetic 360 00:21:44,400 --> 00:21:48,159 Speaker 1: in the medical profession. Asked for it by name. And 361 00:21:48,240 --> 00:21:50,439 Speaker 1: here's the deal though, when you get it in the 362 00:21:50,560 --> 00:21:53,800 Speaker 1: at the dentist, they can actually vary it, but it 363 00:21:53,840 --> 00:21:56,840 Speaker 1: never goes more than a seventy thirty mix. I saw 364 00:21:56,840 --> 00:21:59,400 Speaker 1: that too. This article says it's always a fifty fifty mix. 365 00:21:59,480 --> 00:22:02,480 Speaker 1: That's not right. So it's it's um no more than 366 00:22:03,440 --> 00:22:06,480 Speaker 1: nitrous Yeah, which is very much key, as you'll learn, 367 00:22:06,520 --> 00:22:10,120 Speaker 1: because one of the big dangers of doing it recreationally 368 00:22:10,320 --> 00:22:13,560 Speaker 1: is not mixing it with oxygen. If you mix it 369 00:22:13,600 --> 00:22:19,239 Speaker 1: with oxygen, like, you're fine, You're totally fine. Um, So 370 00:22:19,280 --> 00:22:23,600 Speaker 1: it's kind of nuts. Chuck that with nitrous oxide. We've 371 00:22:23,640 --> 00:22:26,720 Speaker 1: spent at least a hundred and fifty years and still 372 00:22:26,720 --> 00:22:29,679 Speaker 1: the day we're not a million percent sure, but at 373 00:22:29,760 --> 00:22:32,920 Speaker 1: least a hundred and fifty years using it medically without 374 00:22:33,040 --> 00:22:36,080 Speaker 1: understanding how it worked. Yeah, it's like you said, though 375 00:22:36,080 --> 00:22:37,879 Speaker 1: it's still a little dicey. It is a little bit 376 00:22:37,920 --> 00:22:41,280 Speaker 1: dice know. It makes you feel good, right, It does 377 00:22:41,320 --> 00:22:43,760 Speaker 1: the trick, and it kicks in your your dopamine and 378 00:22:43,800 --> 00:22:47,320 Speaker 1: all the pleasure receptors. So it's it's classified as three things. 379 00:22:47,359 --> 00:22:49,920 Speaker 1: It's an analgesic, which means that it kills pain, it's 380 00:22:49,960 --> 00:22:53,280 Speaker 1: a it's an anesthetic, but it's actually not a true anesthetic. 381 00:22:53,920 --> 00:22:57,879 Speaker 1: And uh, it's an anxio lot eltic, which means it 382 00:22:57,960 --> 00:23:01,480 Speaker 1: diminishes anxiety. And so I found this two thousand six 383 00:23:01,520 --> 00:23:06,080 Speaker 1: paper um and it basically says here's what we think 384 00:23:06,200 --> 00:23:11,600 Speaker 1: is going on. So within angxiolitic um, it triggers the 385 00:23:11,640 --> 00:23:16,200 Speaker 1: same um response in the brain as a benzodiazepin, which 386 00:23:16,240 --> 00:23:18,360 Speaker 1: is like valium or z annex or something like that. 387 00:23:18,720 --> 00:23:21,280 Speaker 1: So it actually does cut down an anxiety, which is 388 00:23:21,320 --> 00:23:23,920 Speaker 1: why they dentist will use it for like little kids 389 00:23:24,040 --> 00:23:27,040 Speaker 1: or patients who are like nervous about going to the dentists. 390 00:23:27,560 --> 00:23:30,920 Speaker 1: Get a little gas, probably not a seventy thirty concentration, 391 00:23:31,400 --> 00:23:32,960 Speaker 1: just a little bit, and it will cut down on 392 00:23:33,040 --> 00:23:36,040 Speaker 1: your anxiety and you're you're totally fine, Doc, go ahead 393 00:23:36,080 --> 00:23:38,919 Speaker 1: and do whatever you like. UM as far as an 394 00:23:38,920 --> 00:23:42,920 Speaker 1: analgesic is concerned, it actually does have a tremendous amount 395 00:23:43,000 --> 00:23:46,120 Speaker 1: of um an ability to cut down on pain. And 396 00:23:46,240 --> 00:23:50,480 Speaker 1: it does so by activating your opioids that those are released, 397 00:23:51,280 --> 00:23:55,880 Speaker 1: opioids are producing the brain and your sorry opioid receptors 398 00:23:55,920 --> 00:23:58,960 Speaker 1: are activated as well. And then it also goes to 399 00:23:59,000 --> 00:24:02,240 Speaker 1: your spinal column and messes with its ability to UM 400 00:24:02,480 --> 00:24:05,760 Speaker 1: to process pain there too. And they say that something 401 00:24:05,800 --> 00:24:09,400 Speaker 1: like a just a thirty percent concentration of nitrous oxide 402 00:24:10,040 --> 00:24:13,720 Speaker 1: is equal to about ten to fifteen milligrams of morphine. Yeah, 403 00:24:13,720 --> 00:24:16,560 Speaker 1: and that's if it's fifty fifty or below with oxygen. 404 00:24:16,760 --> 00:24:21,280 Speaker 1: It's on the analgesic side, I think up to is 405 00:24:21,320 --> 00:24:24,159 Speaker 1: when it is known as an anesthetic, right, and so 406 00:24:24,240 --> 00:24:28,160 Speaker 1: it's not technically an anesthetic in that if you if 407 00:24:28,200 --> 00:24:32,560 Speaker 1: you huff that until you lost consciousness, you're probably in 408 00:24:32,600 --> 00:24:35,840 Speaker 1: big trouble. You don't want to use nitrous oxide for that, 409 00:24:35,920 --> 00:24:39,560 Speaker 1: and anesthetists know that kind of thing. But it's used 410 00:24:39,640 --> 00:24:43,520 Speaker 1: usually as an aid to a general anesthetic, right, And 411 00:24:43,600 --> 00:24:47,159 Speaker 1: it does have anesthetic properties, but it's a dissociative anesthetic, 412 00:24:47,280 --> 00:24:50,000 Speaker 1: kind of like ketamine, which means that it goes after 413 00:24:50,119 --> 00:24:53,119 Speaker 1: your n M d A receptors, which have to do 414 00:24:53,160 --> 00:24:58,520 Speaker 1: with memory formation and they control UM like neural firing. Right, 415 00:24:59,240 --> 00:25:02,520 Speaker 1: And it has a dissociative effect, which is why when 416 00:25:02,560 --> 00:25:06,439 Speaker 1: you're on nitris you feel like you have left your body, 417 00:25:06,880 --> 00:25:10,240 Speaker 1: You've gone back the time you died and are being reborn. Yeah. 418 00:25:10,240 --> 00:25:11,840 Speaker 1: And one of the UM, we'll talk a little bit 419 00:25:11,880 --> 00:25:14,679 Speaker 1: more about childbirth later, but um, one of the quotes 420 00:25:14,760 --> 00:25:18,160 Speaker 1: I saw from a childbirth nurse. Um, they said they 421 00:25:18,240 --> 00:25:22,280 Speaker 1: the mothers who use it during childbirth are that sometimes 422 00:25:22,320 --> 00:25:24,359 Speaker 1: they can still feel pain, they just don't care about it, 423 00:25:24,880 --> 00:25:28,040 Speaker 1: which would be the disassociative quality. But I don't get 424 00:25:28,080 --> 00:25:32,320 Speaker 1: because you said it was an analgesic. Yeah, I mean, well, 425 00:25:32,440 --> 00:25:35,680 Speaker 1: I guess maybe childbirth is so painful you can't knock 426 00:25:35,680 --> 00:25:38,480 Speaker 1: it out completely. And also I mean, like with anesthetics 427 00:25:38,480 --> 00:25:41,680 Speaker 1: of any kind, UM or even analgesics, any any person 428 00:25:41,760 --> 00:25:45,280 Speaker 1: is going to have different reactions, varying reactions to different drugs, 429 00:25:45,320 --> 00:25:49,199 Speaker 1: you know. UM, So that's that's kind of the current 430 00:25:49,240 --> 00:25:54,480 Speaker 1: state of understanding with um the what nitrous does to 431 00:25:54,520 --> 00:25:58,040 Speaker 1: the brain. Right, you can also find nitrous elsewhere outside 432 00:25:58,040 --> 00:26:00,199 Speaker 1: of medical settings to right, Yeah, you can find in 433 00:26:00,200 --> 00:26:05,040 Speaker 1: the can of ready whip, or if you UM, A 434 00:26:05,080 --> 00:26:08,280 Speaker 1: lot of chefs will have their own um nitrous canister 435 00:26:08,440 --> 00:26:10,840 Speaker 1: to put whatever they want in it, uh to be 436 00:26:10,960 --> 00:26:14,600 Speaker 1: used as a propellant. So uh, it works really well 437 00:26:14,640 --> 00:26:17,879 Speaker 1: with fatty liquids and heavy creams and things. So what 438 00:26:17,960 --> 00:26:20,960 Speaker 1: happens is the gases in there compressed into a liquid 439 00:26:21,000 --> 00:26:24,000 Speaker 1: and mixed with the cream because it's it's fat soluble, 440 00:26:25,280 --> 00:26:29,040 Speaker 1: highly pressurized. But as soon as you open that thing up, 441 00:26:29,359 --> 00:26:32,119 Speaker 1: it turns back into a gas and expands it like 442 00:26:32,200 --> 00:26:34,479 Speaker 1: four times. So that's why the whip cream will come 443 00:26:34,480 --> 00:26:38,080 Speaker 1: shooting out. What's neat is you could buy ready whip 444 00:26:38,640 --> 00:26:43,320 Speaker 1: twenty years hence after it sat in a garage in Tampa, Florida, 445 00:26:43,840 --> 00:26:48,440 Speaker 1: say somewhere hot and muggy and shake it up and 446 00:26:48,520 --> 00:26:51,679 Speaker 1: pour it out, and that whipped cream will be totally fresh, 447 00:26:51,800 --> 00:26:56,160 Speaker 1: not the least bit rancid. That's because nitrous oxide totally 448 00:26:56,200 --> 00:27:00,320 Speaker 1: displaces air and oxygen, so no bacteria can can form 449 00:27:00,480 --> 00:27:04,280 Speaker 1: inside a can of ready whip or any other instant 450 00:27:04,320 --> 00:27:07,200 Speaker 1: whip cream. Well, and that displacement of oxygen is also 451 00:27:07,280 --> 00:27:10,040 Speaker 1: why you can die if you, let's say, put a 452 00:27:10,080 --> 00:27:13,359 Speaker 1: bag over your head to intensify your high if you're 453 00:27:13,440 --> 00:27:16,680 Speaker 1: using it recreationally. Well, we'll talk more about that later, right, yes, 454 00:27:17,560 --> 00:27:21,640 Speaker 1: before we break though, let's mention cars, because anyone who 455 00:27:21,680 --> 00:27:26,399 Speaker 1: has ever seen Fast and Furious is or is this 456 00:27:26,480 --> 00:27:30,960 Speaker 1: Sammy Hagar solo fan, I can't drive, that's right. Does 457 00:27:31,000 --> 00:27:34,240 Speaker 1: he talk about nitros No, but it's just assumed that 458 00:27:34,320 --> 00:27:37,760 Speaker 1: there's nitrous involved. Well, you've heard, you may have heard 459 00:27:37,840 --> 00:27:40,600 Speaker 1: or seen on TV or movies about using nitrous in 460 00:27:40,640 --> 00:27:42,679 Speaker 1: your car, like you have that little tank or you 461 00:27:42,680 --> 00:27:45,040 Speaker 1: may see one of those cheesy cars in a parking 462 00:27:45,040 --> 00:27:48,040 Speaker 1: lot with the with the little tank in there. And 463 00:27:48,119 --> 00:27:51,119 Speaker 1: basically what it does is cars run burn hotter. Engines 464 00:27:51,160 --> 00:27:54,320 Speaker 1: burn hotter and go faster with more oxygen. And if 465 00:27:54,359 --> 00:27:58,440 Speaker 1: you crank in that nitrous oxide, Uh, it's just basically 466 00:27:58,440 --> 00:28:01,920 Speaker 1: going to ramp up the oxygen level going into the engine. Right, 467 00:28:02,320 --> 00:28:06,000 Speaker 1: with more oxygen, more gaskets burned, right, more gaskets burned, 468 00:28:06,000 --> 00:28:09,439 Speaker 1: more horsepowers produced because the gases expanding pump those pistons 469 00:28:09,520 --> 00:28:12,359 Speaker 1: even harder than You're too fast and too furious for 470 00:28:12,400 --> 00:28:16,480 Speaker 1: the roads, maybe even doing a little tokyo drifting. Have 471 00:28:16,560 --> 00:28:19,240 Speaker 1: you seen those any of them? No? But I believe 472 00:28:20,200 --> 00:28:23,439 Speaker 1: I believe they're the most lucrative movie franchise in the 473 00:28:23,520 --> 00:28:29,040 Speaker 1: history of like all movies, because I made seven of them. Yeah, 474 00:28:29,080 --> 00:28:32,240 Speaker 1: but like the first one made a billion dollars its 475 00:28:32,280 --> 00:28:34,639 Speaker 1: first week, or last one. The last one made like 476 00:28:34,680 --> 00:28:38,680 Speaker 1: a billion dollars. It's crazy how I think I saw 477 00:28:38,720 --> 00:28:41,760 Speaker 1: the first one. I've never seen any of them. But 478 00:28:41,840 --> 00:28:44,800 Speaker 1: that's about it's just not my bag. I don't. If 479 00:28:44,840 --> 00:28:48,320 Speaker 1: you like that kind of thing, that's great. I'm not. 480 00:28:48,320 --> 00:28:51,120 Speaker 1: I've never been a car guy. Yeah, you know, like 481 00:28:51,160 --> 00:28:53,840 Speaker 1: I like my cars, but I've never been like, oh man, 482 00:28:53,880 --> 00:28:56,800 Speaker 1: look at that sports car. I sure would like to 483 00:28:56,880 --> 00:29:00,000 Speaker 1: drive fast in that. Well. Remember when we hosted or 484 00:29:00,120 --> 00:29:02,800 Speaker 1: Um Judge that Red Bull thing. Oh yeah, I was 485 00:29:02,840 --> 00:29:06,640 Speaker 1: talking to uh young Jock and I was talking to 486 00:29:06,720 --> 00:29:08,800 Speaker 1: him and he started talking about cars, and I'm like, Wow, 487 00:29:08,800 --> 00:29:11,000 Speaker 1: we don't have anything in common, do we. Yeah, Josh 488 00:29:11,000 --> 00:29:13,720 Speaker 1: and I judged a soapbox derby contest sponsored by Red 489 00:29:13,720 --> 00:29:16,400 Speaker 1: Bull and Young Jock at local Atlanta rapper who was 490 00:29:16,400 --> 00:29:18,400 Speaker 1: super cool. He's a very nice guy, but he was 491 00:29:18,440 --> 00:29:20,280 Speaker 1: a car dude, and I'm not a car dude. I 492 00:29:20,320 --> 00:29:23,480 Speaker 1: know you're not a car dude either. Like, well, I 493 00:29:23,480 --> 00:29:25,320 Speaker 1: got my pickup truck. Yeah, I'm like, look at those 494 00:29:25,440 --> 00:29:31,120 Speaker 1: uh tires pretty neat. They really make contact with the asphalt, 495 00:29:31,160 --> 00:29:34,920 Speaker 1: don't they. All Right, well, let's take a break and 496 00:29:34,960 --> 00:29:38,360 Speaker 1: go learn more about cars, and we'll come back and 497 00:29:38,400 --> 00:29:40,680 Speaker 1: talk about some of the recreational use and dangers. But 498 00:29:40,720 --> 00:30:00,600 Speaker 1: we're done talking about cars, right And by the way, 499 00:30:00,600 --> 00:30:02,800 Speaker 1: if you want to know about cars, if you're into 500 00:30:02,840 --> 00:30:05,520 Speaker 1: that kind of thing and you love us, and you're 501 00:30:05,520 --> 00:30:08,040 Speaker 1: not getting your fixed from cars from us, go listen 502 00:30:08,080 --> 00:30:11,479 Speaker 1: to car stuff. You don't. You're definitely not getting your 503 00:30:11,480 --> 00:30:13,800 Speaker 1: fix about cars from us. I can't tell you that 504 00:30:13,920 --> 00:30:15,760 Speaker 1: you can get it from car stuff. Ben and Scott 505 00:30:15,840 --> 00:30:17,920 Speaker 1: have it locked down over there. I bet you they've 506 00:30:17,920 --> 00:30:23,560 Speaker 1: covered nitros. I'm sure in the automobile they've covered everything. Alright. So, uh, 507 00:30:23,760 --> 00:30:26,960 Speaker 1: recreational use, um, it has this medical purposes and its 508 00:30:26,960 --> 00:30:31,680 Speaker 1: food and auto purposes. But Nitris is very famous for 509 00:30:32,760 --> 00:30:38,840 Speaker 1: becoming um, a big, a big, especially at concerts. That's 510 00:30:38,840 --> 00:30:40,960 Speaker 1: what they call it, hippie crack. In the in the seventies, 511 00:30:41,000 --> 00:30:43,400 Speaker 1: you started being able to buy this stuff like a 512 00:30:43,400 --> 00:30:46,520 Speaker 1: big balloon full of it at like a concert festival or, 513 00:30:46,640 --> 00:30:49,360 Speaker 1: let's be honest, at a Grateful Dead show. All right. 514 00:30:49,680 --> 00:30:54,760 Speaker 1: They're also I'll post that Rolling Stone um article on 515 00:30:54,800 --> 00:30:57,760 Speaker 1: the podcast page for this. Really interesting it is, but 516 00:30:57,840 --> 00:31:02,480 Speaker 1: it's also a a what is that? Oh, it's called 517 00:31:02,480 --> 00:31:06,880 Speaker 1: second hand embarrassment? Like, um, what people getting from watching 518 00:31:06,960 --> 00:31:09,840 Speaker 1: the Jeb Bush campaign? Second hand embarrassment? Well, yes, what 519 00:31:09,960 --> 00:31:15,720 Speaker 1: you never hear somebody? Yes, exactly, Um, the the the 520 00:31:15,960 --> 00:31:19,880 Speaker 1: you definitely get that from reading this because the writers 521 00:31:20,440 --> 00:31:26,080 Speaker 1: very earnestly super seventies. Yeah, Like, one of the person 522 00:31:26,280 --> 00:31:29,600 Speaker 1: that people who has interviewed as a as an expert 523 00:31:29,600 --> 00:31:33,080 Speaker 1: of source is the guy from High Times. Only in 524 00:31:33,120 --> 00:31:35,440 Speaker 1: the mid seventies did you get away with calling up 525 00:31:35,440 --> 00:31:38,680 Speaker 1: the High Times guy and just using him like a 526 00:31:38,720 --> 00:31:42,080 Speaker 1: regular source. You'll see what I'm saying, like it sounds normal. 527 00:31:42,560 --> 00:31:44,360 Speaker 1: Read the article and you'll be like, yeah, this is 528 00:31:45,080 --> 00:31:48,640 Speaker 1: super seventies. Well, in the seventies is when it started 529 00:31:48,680 --> 00:31:51,920 Speaker 1: becoming a big concert going activity. Oh wait, I know 530 00:31:52,080 --> 00:31:55,600 Speaker 1: it was room. In this Rolling Stone article they were saying, 531 00:31:55,720 --> 00:31:57,680 Speaker 1: like if you go to like a lot of us 532 00:31:57,680 --> 00:31:59,840 Speaker 1: said at Burke in Berkeley, California, and they were like 533 00:32:00,000 --> 00:32:03,640 Speaker 1: places all over, not just a concerts. Sure, um, it 534 00:32:03,720 --> 00:32:06,680 Speaker 1: was everywhere in the seventies. Yeah, because a lot of 535 00:32:06,720 --> 00:32:09,240 Speaker 1: people were like, a, SI, it's cool, but this stuff 536 00:32:09,280 --> 00:32:11,640 Speaker 1: like you could just stop and five minutes later you're 537 00:32:11,680 --> 00:32:14,400 Speaker 1: back on your feet. Yeah, so it was like a 538 00:32:14,400 --> 00:32:16,200 Speaker 1: big deal to them. Well, which is one reason they 539 00:32:16,240 --> 00:32:19,480 Speaker 1: call it hippie crack, because the the highest short lived. 540 00:32:20,400 --> 00:32:23,680 Speaker 1: Uh and you want to do another one? Uh and 541 00:32:23,760 --> 00:32:26,320 Speaker 1: go listen to our crack episode. Should we talk about 542 00:32:26,360 --> 00:32:29,960 Speaker 1: why the highest short lived? Uh? Well, let me finish 543 00:32:29,960 --> 00:32:34,240 Speaker 1: my thoughts. Sorry. So um, earlier in the nineteenth and 544 00:32:34,280 --> 00:32:36,680 Speaker 1: twentieth century, though, like you said, when it was um 545 00:32:36,840 --> 00:32:39,880 Speaker 1: sort of the back room parlor game of the high society. 546 00:32:40,400 --> 00:32:43,840 Speaker 1: It made its way into Hollywood and uh back in 547 00:32:43,960 --> 00:32:46,320 Speaker 1: like the days of making High Times and movies like 548 00:32:46,800 --> 00:32:49,680 Speaker 1: or Not High Times? The h what was the one 549 00:32:49,960 --> 00:32:53,680 Speaker 1: cast of Blanket No, the famous pop movie I'm totally 550 00:32:53,720 --> 00:32:58,680 Speaker 1: blanking out on the pot movie madness. Uh, there were 551 00:32:58,720 --> 00:33:01,360 Speaker 1: movies about huffing those. Charlie Chaplin was in one in 552 00:33:01,480 --> 00:33:05,360 Speaker 1: nine fourteen where he played a dentist. Uh, well, someone 553 00:33:05,400 --> 00:33:08,080 Speaker 1: posing as a dentist who would hugh gas? Have you 554 00:33:08,080 --> 00:33:10,240 Speaker 1: have you ever seen that chaplin um thing where he 555 00:33:10,280 --> 00:33:12,760 Speaker 1: does coke and jail and ends up like pulling the 556 00:33:12,760 --> 00:33:16,880 Speaker 1: bars apart. It's pretty hilarious actually. And there were several 557 00:33:17,760 --> 00:33:21,480 Speaker 1: movies early on called laughing gas, not just one, right, 558 00:33:21,560 --> 00:33:23,800 Speaker 1: and they weren't sequels. There were just multiple movies called 559 00:33:23,880 --> 00:33:26,320 Speaker 1: laughing gas. Yeah, I'm sure you could get a decent 560 00:33:26,320 --> 00:33:28,520 Speaker 1: amount of people into a theater to watch people doing 561 00:33:28,600 --> 00:33:31,800 Speaker 1: laughing gas. And then they thought, man, I could go 562 00:33:31,840 --> 00:33:35,400 Speaker 1: for some laughing gas myself. All right, So what were 563 00:33:35,400 --> 00:33:40,120 Speaker 1: you gonna say about? Oh? Why the high last such 564 00:33:40,120 --> 00:33:42,840 Speaker 1: a short period of time? So it's constant while you're 565 00:33:42,920 --> 00:33:46,760 Speaker 1: huffing it, right, because you're huffing nitrogen gas or nitrogen 566 00:33:46,840 --> 00:33:50,080 Speaker 1: nitrogen oxide gas. Yeah, and it's displacing oxygen I'm sorry, 567 00:33:50,120 --> 00:33:53,320 Speaker 1: nitros oxide gas, and it is displacing oxygen. But as 568 00:33:53,320 --> 00:33:56,960 Speaker 1: long as you're huffing in a safe supply of oxygen 569 00:33:57,000 --> 00:34:00,640 Speaker 1: as well, your brains continuing to function. But you're opioid 570 00:34:00,640 --> 00:34:04,240 Speaker 1: receptors are also going crazy, and you're dissociative, and d 571 00:34:04,440 --> 00:34:07,440 Speaker 1: m A receptors are going crazy too, and so you're high, 572 00:34:07,600 --> 00:34:10,480 Speaker 1: but you're staying alive because you're taking in enough oxygen. Right. 573 00:34:11,640 --> 00:34:16,440 Speaker 1: The thing is, your body doesn't metabolize almost any of 574 00:34:16,480 --> 00:34:20,440 Speaker 1: that nitrous oxide. Something like point zero zero four percent 575 00:34:20,600 --> 00:34:23,319 Speaker 1: of nitrous oxide is metabolized for the most part. You 576 00:34:23,360 --> 00:34:26,200 Speaker 1: huff it in, it's dissipated through your lungs and your 577 00:34:26,200 --> 00:34:29,520 Speaker 1: bloodstream and then brought back out and you exhale it, 578 00:34:29,800 --> 00:34:33,160 Speaker 1: so it resembles almost exactly. It's same form that it 579 00:34:33,239 --> 00:34:36,160 Speaker 1: went in when it comes out, which means that there's 580 00:34:36,160 --> 00:34:39,960 Speaker 1: no hangover and it's expelled from your body through breathing, 581 00:34:40,080 --> 00:34:43,479 Speaker 1: just normal breathing after you take the nitrous away, which 582 00:34:43,520 --> 00:34:45,839 Speaker 1: is why so many people were like, you can have 583 00:34:45,960 --> 00:34:48,520 Speaker 1: crazy visions on this. This is what the hippies were saying. 584 00:34:48,800 --> 00:34:50,640 Speaker 1: You can have crazy visions on this, and it takes 585 00:34:50,640 --> 00:34:53,600 Speaker 1: you to other universes and then five minutes later, you're fine, 586 00:34:54,160 --> 00:34:56,440 Speaker 1: sign me up. Let's call the High Times guy and 587 00:34:56,480 --> 00:34:58,160 Speaker 1: see what he thinks about it. Let's get a quote 588 00:34:58,200 --> 00:35:03,400 Speaker 1: from him. H I did find a study though, and UM, 589 00:35:03,440 --> 00:35:08,880 Speaker 1: I think it was last year, uh, published in Clinical neurophysiology, 590 00:35:08,880 --> 00:35:11,160 Speaker 1: that they've hooked people up to an e G And 591 00:35:11,239 --> 00:35:15,000 Speaker 1: had him huff nitrous They really yeah, and the guy 592 00:35:15,040 --> 00:35:17,440 Speaker 1: there said nitrous oxide has control over the brain in 593 00:35:17,480 --> 00:35:20,239 Speaker 1: ways no other drug does. And what they found was 594 00:35:20,520 --> 00:35:24,440 Speaker 1: UM it altered it basically created slow delta waves for 595 00:35:24,600 --> 00:35:27,200 Speaker 1: up to three minutes across the front of the brain 596 00:35:27,280 --> 00:35:31,640 Speaker 1: every ten seconds. I wonder if that's what makes the sound. Well, 597 00:35:31,680 --> 00:35:34,000 Speaker 1: it's it's basically what they found is it lasted for 598 00:35:34,200 --> 00:35:37,879 Speaker 1: three minutes. After you think you're okay, oh yeah, so 599 00:35:37,960 --> 00:35:42,560 Speaker 1: it's still uh, still doing damage even though you think 600 00:35:42,600 --> 00:35:46,440 Speaker 1: you feel fine for for three minutes, which completely surprised them. 601 00:35:46,480 --> 00:35:48,480 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, I could see that especially. I mean, if 602 00:35:48,520 --> 00:35:51,400 Speaker 1: the effects where off, you would think, yeah, you would 603 00:35:52,080 --> 00:35:56,480 Speaker 1: you you would physiologically be back to normal too. I 604 00:35:56,520 --> 00:36:00,719 Speaker 1: found another study, UM from I'm not sure when that 605 00:36:00,960 --> 00:36:04,759 Speaker 1: sometimes in the last few years where they studied the 606 00:36:04,800 --> 00:36:09,240 Speaker 1: effects of it on rats and found that UM short 607 00:36:09,360 --> 00:36:13,520 Speaker 1: term low concentration exposure and low concentration meaning like fifty 608 00:36:13,560 --> 00:36:17,719 Speaker 1: years like what they use medically, UM would like the 609 00:36:17,760 --> 00:36:21,400 Speaker 1: effects of it on the brain neural cells. Is reversible. 610 00:36:22,120 --> 00:36:24,840 Speaker 1: But it is very true. And this is why everybody 611 00:36:24,880 --> 00:36:28,239 Speaker 1: hears about nitrous oxide is that when you huff you 612 00:36:28,760 --> 00:36:32,319 Speaker 1: it kills brain cells. That's absolutely true. It create It 613 00:36:32,320 --> 00:36:37,279 Speaker 1: creates apoptosis, which is pre programmed cellular death, and your neurons. 614 00:36:37,520 --> 00:36:39,400 Speaker 1: It causes your brain cells to die because of a 615 00:36:39,480 --> 00:36:43,400 Speaker 1: lack of oxygen. Nitrogen or nitrous oxide displaces oxygen and 616 00:36:43,440 --> 00:36:46,560 Speaker 1: your brain needs oxygen. When your brain cells don't get oxygen, 617 00:36:47,000 --> 00:36:50,520 Speaker 1: they die and your brain undergoes hypoxy All right, not 618 00:36:50,640 --> 00:36:54,000 Speaker 1: good for you. Plus the fact that um, it goes 619 00:36:54,040 --> 00:36:58,279 Speaker 1: after n D M A uh receptors which are responsible 620 00:36:58,280 --> 00:37:00,280 Speaker 1: for the mile in, which is the sheath that coats 621 00:37:00,320 --> 00:37:05,400 Speaker 1: your your nerves right yeah, um that can lead to 622 00:37:06,440 --> 00:37:09,120 Speaker 1: brain damage. That last two The thing is, and this 623 00:37:09,160 --> 00:37:12,480 Speaker 1: is a rat study, it seems like it's prolonged exposure 624 00:37:12,719 --> 00:37:17,480 Speaker 1: or exposure super high concentrations that that create irreversible damage. Yeah. 625 00:37:17,520 --> 00:37:20,120 Speaker 1: They've done a lot more studying about it in the 626 00:37:20,239 --> 00:37:25,000 Speaker 1: UK than here because up until this year it was legal. Yeah. Well, 627 00:37:25,400 --> 00:37:27,600 Speaker 1: so I guess the results of the study weren't promising. 628 00:37:27,960 --> 00:37:30,799 Speaker 1: Uh well, I mean this is that only what is 629 00:37:30,800 --> 00:37:33,239 Speaker 1: it now? Mid February. Yeah, it's only like two weeks 630 00:37:33,280 --> 00:37:37,319 Speaker 1: ago that like literally came on the books has officially law. Uh. 631 00:37:37,360 --> 00:37:40,600 Speaker 1: And there were big demonstrations in in England, like like 632 00:37:40,800 --> 00:37:44,840 Speaker 1: massive huffing parties on the lawn of Uh. Like the 633 00:37:45,040 --> 00:37:47,360 Speaker 1: I don't know where they decide these things is a Parliament, 634 00:37:47,880 --> 00:37:52,920 Speaker 1: Buckingham Palace, say Buckingham Palace because they're like this is 635 00:37:52,960 --> 00:37:55,480 Speaker 1: you know, what are we gonna do at Glastonbury Festival 636 00:37:55,520 --> 00:37:59,719 Speaker 1: every year? Now? Uh? And they nice buzz marketing. By 637 00:37:59,760 --> 00:38:03,319 Speaker 1: the way, what the glass roof? Well we're not going 638 00:38:03,360 --> 00:38:06,919 Speaker 1: to that, I know, I was saying nice. Um, well, 639 00:38:06,920 --> 00:38:09,480 Speaker 1: they do it a lot there. That's why the festival 640 00:38:09,480 --> 00:38:13,759 Speaker 1: people said it's like a big litter offender because I 641 00:38:13,760 --> 00:38:16,280 Speaker 1: could totally see that canisters and balloons are just everywhere, 642 00:38:16,719 --> 00:38:19,359 Speaker 1: and you know, birds pick up the balloons and they 643 00:38:19,400 --> 00:38:21,560 Speaker 1: tried to fly off of the cancers and tear their 644 00:38:21,600 --> 00:38:24,000 Speaker 1: legs off because they're not strong enough to lift them. 645 00:38:24,120 --> 00:38:27,239 Speaker 1: So worldwide it was in two thousand fourteen it was 646 00:38:27,239 --> 00:38:33,640 Speaker 1: the fourteenth most used drug in the world and um, yeah, 647 00:38:34,040 --> 00:38:36,200 Speaker 1: huh would you think it be higher or lower? I 648 00:38:36,239 --> 00:38:38,279 Speaker 1: didn't even think about it. I think it's just that 649 00:38:38,400 --> 00:38:42,400 Speaker 1: stats is totally common, by surprise. Uh. And The Independent 650 00:38:42,560 --> 00:38:46,280 Speaker 1: said that UM the UK's largest drug and alcohol charity, 651 00:38:46,920 --> 00:38:50,160 Speaker 1: alistair BOM. They said, you know what, we can't credibly 652 00:38:50,200 --> 00:38:52,600 Speaker 1: deny that, compared to other drugs, is relatively low risk. 653 00:38:53,239 --> 00:38:56,200 Speaker 1: The risk from taking it from balloons are quite low. Uh. 654 00:38:56,239 --> 00:38:57,920 Speaker 1: And to back up what you said, he said, where 655 00:38:57,960 --> 00:38:59,920 Speaker 1: there have been stories about deaths, they tend to be 656 00:39:00,000 --> 00:39:03,919 Speaker 1: from people who are using canisters uh in masks. Uh. 657 00:39:04,160 --> 00:39:06,480 Speaker 1: That's when you get into danger. Like that's stupid. Let 658 00:39:06,520 --> 00:39:08,640 Speaker 1: me get up this old World War two gas masks, 659 00:39:09,080 --> 00:39:10,520 Speaker 1: or let me put a bag over my head, or 660 00:39:10,560 --> 00:39:12,960 Speaker 1: let me get in a car. Uh. And then you're 661 00:39:12,960 --> 00:39:15,160 Speaker 1: not getting that mix of oxygen and then you die. 662 00:39:15,480 --> 00:39:18,160 Speaker 1: First of all, kids, if you are putting a plastic 663 00:39:18,200 --> 00:39:20,520 Speaker 1: bag over your head for any reason, don't do it. 664 00:39:20,719 --> 00:39:24,240 Speaker 1: You're a dummy. That's a dumb thing to do. Well, yeah, 665 00:39:24,600 --> 00:39:28,279 Speaker 1: you're you're you're reaching, you're going down the wrong path 666 00:39:28,320 --> 00:39:32,080 Speaker 1: in life. That's a great way to put it, because 667 00:39:32,120 --> 00:39:33,399 Speaker 1: I don't want some kid to be like, oh, I'm 668 00:39:33,400 --> 00:39:36,200 Speaker 1: a dummy and that's why I do these things. You know, 669 00:39:36,640 --> 00:39:39,480 Speaker 1: that's self defeating. Come on, come on, But there have 670 00:39:39,560 --> 00:39:44,000 Speaker 1: been plenty of plenty of incidences of death. UM. Joseph 671 00:39:44,040 --> 00:39:46,520 Speaker 1: been At, a seventeen year old from North London, died 672 00:39:46,520 --> 00:39:50,000 Speaker 1: in two thousand twelve after falling into a coma. And 673 00:39:50,040 --> 00:39:52,960 Speaker 1: then just this year that's twenty one year old student 674 00:39:53,080 --> 00:39:56,320 Speaker 1: was found dead Um in his room with two hundred 675 00:39:56,400 --> 00:40:00,680 Speaker 1: spent cartridges. Oh well, they're just chasing that high. It's 676 00:40:00,719 --> 00:40:02,960 Speaker 1: the problem. Yes, I mean, you shouldn't try it at all, 677 00:40:03,520 --> 00:40:07,799 Speaker 1: but you're you're gonna die when you have those high, high, 678 00:40:07,840 --> 00:40:11,480 Speaker 1: high concentrations. Yeah, that's the I mean, that's the problem 679 00:40:11,520 --> 00:40:14,600 Speaker 1: with nitrous. I mean, like, if you're being administered nitrous, 680 00:40:14,800 --> 00:40:16,879 Speaker 1: even in a medical setting, you can have a bad 681 00:40:16,920 --> 00:40:19,719 Speaker 1: reaction to it and it turns out your allergic to 682 00:40:19,800 --> 00:40:24,279 Speaker 1: nitrous and your dead or if you are in right, 683 00:40:24,360 --> 00:40:26,720 Speaker 1: but if you even if you're in a medical setting, 684 00:40:26,880 --> 00:40:30,160 Speaker 1: you're you're you're flirting with death. You're right there on 685 00:40:30,160 --> 00:40:31,759 Speaker 1: on the edge of death. And if you're doing it 686 00:40:31,840 --> 00:40:35,359 Speaker 1: outside of medical setting, your likelihood of dying or or 687 00:40:35,400 --> 00:40:38,759 Speaker 1: suffering some sort of horrible adverse reaction to it is 688 00:40:38,880 --> 00:40:41,839 Speaker 1: even more through the roof, right, especially if you're taking 689 00:40:41,880 --> 00:40:44,320 Speaker 1: hits straight out of a tank and you're not taking 690 00:40:44,600 --> 00:40:48,640 Speaker 1: breaths of clean air in between. Yes, you you very 691 00:40:48,680 --> 00:40:52,680 Speaker 1: likely could die. And it's not just um hypoxia that 692 00:40:52,680 --> 00:40:56,600 Speaker 1: that gets you or asphyxiation. You can also die from 693 00:40:56,640 --> 00:40:59,879 Speaker 1: passing out and hitting your head. Yeah. Or I saw 694 00:41:00,040 --> 00:41:02,239 Speaker 1: this one sad case. I think it was in the 695 00:41:02,280 --> 00:41:07,280 Speaker 1: United States. This uh lady's son, like you know, wandered 696 00:41:07,280 --> 00:41:09,520 Speaker 1: out into traffic and got hit by a car from 697 00:41:09,680 --> 00:41:12,560 Speaker 1: nitrous Yeah, because he did nitrous and was just like 698 00:41:12,880 --> 00:41:16,520 Speaker 1: so spaced out. He just kind of walked out into traffic. Um, 699 00:41:16,560 --> 00:41:18,279 Speaker 1: because you're not you know, you're not aware of what's 700 00:41:18,280 --> 00:41:21,400 Speaker 1: going on at the time and chasing that high like 701 00:41:21,440 --> 00:41:24,120 Speaker 1: I was talking about, Uh, it would feel so good. 702 00:41:24,120 --> 00:41:26,839 Speaker 1: You're like, but it's so fast, Like, well, how can 703 00:41:26,880 --> 00:41:30,720 Speaker 1: I prolong that experience? I'll just stop breathing regular aeron between. 704 00:41:30,760 --> 00:41:34,960 Speaker 1: What a waste. Yeah, it's just it's not smart. No, 705 00:41:35,040 --> 00:41:37,920 Speaker 1: it doesn't know. Um, I think we got that across 706 00:41:37,920 --> 00:41:40,440 Speaker 1: the naway. I think. So, you know who doesn't do 707 00:41:40,600 --> 00:41:46,759 Speaker 1: nitrous No, how no way who scientologists? Uh? Why? L 708 00:41:46,880 --> 00:41:50,480 Speaker 1: Ron Hubbard hated nitrous oxide really so much so that 709 00:41:50,560 --> 00:41:53,560 Speaker 1: he stopped going to the dentist he had famously terrible 710 00:41:53,680 --> 00:41:57,840 Speaker 1: um teeth, and he didn't go to the dentist, and 711 00:41:57,920 --> 00:42:01,239 Speaker 1: he in eight he did go to the dentist to 712 00:42:01,360 --> 00:42:03,400 Speaker 1: have some work done, and they put him under with 713 00:42:03,440 --> 00:42:06,279 Speaker 1: some nitris and he had a near death experience and 714 00:42:06,360 --> 00:42:09,920 Speaker 1: came back and he wrote in a manuscript called ex Caliber, 715 00:42:10,000 --> 00:42:13,600 Speaker 1: and it's unpublished, and in ex Caliber, l Ron Hubbard 716 00:42:13,600 --> 00:42:17,360 Speaker 1: claimed that anyone who read it either went insane committed suicide. 717 00:42:17,360 --> 00:42:19,359 Speaker 1: I remember reading about that, and and all of this 718 00:42:19,520 --> 00:42:22,800 Speaker 1: knowledge was given to him from his nitrous oxide experience. 719 00:42:22,800 --> 00:42:25,239 Speaker 1: So he determined that nitrous oxide is very bad. It's 720 00:42:25,239 --> 00:42:29,520 Speaker 1: a hypnotic, it makes you too suggestible, and um, you 721 00:42:29,560 --> 00:42:32,439 Speaker 1: should avoid at all costs. Interesting. Yeah, he writes about 722 00:42:32,440 --> 00:42:34,719 Speaker 1: it in Dianetics, saying it's it's a bad jam. He's 723 00:42:34,760 --> 00:42:36,160 Speaker 1: the only person to ever do it and not say 724 00:42:36,200 --> 00:42:39,480 Speaker 1: this is great. You had a bad time on it. Well, 725 00:42:39,560 --> 00:42:43,520 Speaker 1: let's talk about childbirth, uh, unless you have anything else. No. 726 00:42:44,560 --> 00:42:51,759 Speaker 1: So in Canada, in Finland, Australia, and the United Kingdom, Uh, 727 00:42:51,960 --> 00:42:55,759 Speaker 1: traditionally women have used this and still do today during 728 00:42:55,840 --> 00:42:59,680 Speaker 1: childbirth up to six in the UK and about and 729 00:42:59,719 --> 00:43:02,960 Speaker 1: those other countries. But it's not in the US. In 730 00:43:02,960 --> 00:43:05,879 Speaker 1: two thousand eleven, less than one percent of hospitals even 731 00:43:05,920 --> 00:43:09,080 Speaker 1: offered it. I've never heard of that in the US. 732 00:43:09,360 --> 00:43:13,759 Speaker 1: Well that's all changing now. UM. Basically, the medical establishment 733 00:43:13,840 --> 00:43:16,360 Speaker 1: is basically saying, there's really no good reason not to. 734 00:43:16,960 --> 00:43:20,359 Speaker 1: It's just sort of stubbornness in our history and being 735 00:43:20,400 --> 00:43:23,920 Speaker 1: fixed in our ways. UM of offering the epidural and 736 00:43:23,920 --> 00:43:27,239 Speaker 1: and other kinds of drugs during childbirth. So it's there's 737 00:43:27,239 --> 00:43:28,839 Speaker 1: been a big push lately to have it as an 738 00:43:28,840 --> 00:43:32,600 Speaker 1: option at least for women. UM. Labor machines are only 739 00:43:32,640 --> 00:43:35,279 Speaker 1: fifty fifty. You can't even alter the setting to go 740 00:43:35,320 --> 00:43:38,680 Speaker 1: any higher than that. Uh. And it's self administered, Like 741 00:43:38,719 --> 00:43:42,040 Speaker 1: the woman has the mask and she breathes it when 742 00:43:42,080 --> 00:43:44,880 Speaker 1: she feels like she needs it, and at any point 743 00:43:44,920 --> 00:43:49,440 Speaker 1: she can be like nope, I want the epidural. UM. 744 00:43:49,560 --> 00:43:52,359 Speaker 1: The thing is, though epidurals can be really expensive, UM 745 00:43:52,480 --> 00:43:55,000 Speaker 1: nitris is super cheap. It is super cheap. And again 746 00:43:55,120 --> 00:43:59,080 Speaker 1: it's as effective as ten to fifteen milligrams of morphine 747 00:43:59,640 --> 00:44:02,440 Speaker 1: for take can care pain. So they're basically saying women 748 00:44:02,440 --> 00:44:04,640 Speaker 1: should have the option at least if they want to 749 00:44:04,640 --> 00:44:07,759 Speaker 1: try it out. Uh, it's a lot cheaper than an epidural, 750 00:44:08,440 --> 00:44:11,719 Speaker 1: uh safer and they haven't um epidural. I mean they're 751 00:44:12,040 --> 00:44:14,359 Speaker 1: narcotics and epidurals. Say, you know, there are a lot 752 00:44:14,360 --> 00:44:16,640 Speaker 1: of side effects, and they really haven't found any side 753 00:44:16,640 --> 00:44:21,160 Speaker 1: effects with that fifty mix under like a controlled supervise setting. Well, 754 00:44:21,160 --> 00:44:23,800 Speaker 1: the big fear though, is that aside from dizziness, the 755 00:44:23,960 --> 00:44:26,200 Speaker 1: kid is going to absorb some of this and there's 756 00:44:26,239 --> 00:44:30,520 Speaker 1: going to be neural cell death in the baby as 757 00:44:30,560 --> 00:44:33,120 Speaker 1: it's delivered. Is that has that been proven wrong? They 758 00:44:33,160 --> 00:44:35,480 Speaker 1: don't think there is any danger to the kids so 759 00:44:35,520 --> 00:44:38,319 Speaker 1: far because they said it's filtered through the lungs and 760 00:44:38,520 --> 00:44:42,560 Speaker 1: uh not like the narcotics that are filtered to deliver um. 761 00:44:42,600 --> 00:44:44,279 Speaker 1: So they said, so far they haven't found where it 762 00:44:44,480 --> 00:44:46,680 Speaker 1: hurts the baby in any way. Plus, it lets you 763 00:44:46,719 --> 00:44:51,480 Speaker 1: remember being born. I just think the self administration part 764 00:44:51,520 --> 00:44:54,440 Speaker 1: of is pretty interesting. Yeah that they you know, it 765 00:44:54,520 --> 00:44:57,480 Speaker 1: makes lets the woman feel more in control, supposedly of 766 00:44:57,560 --> 00:45:02,600 Speaker 1: their own uh comfort. Right, So I'm all for it. 767 00:45:02,960 --> 00:45:05,360 Speaker 1: Why not? Well, yeah, I mean, if it doesn't have 768 00:45:05,400 --> 00:45:09,040 Speaker 1: any adverse effects, why not? It is a pretty good question. 769 00:45:10,400 --> 00:45:12,120 Speaker 1: Are you got anything else? I got nothing else? That's 770 00:45:12,200 --> 00:45:20,439 Speaker 1: nitrous socks side n two. Oh, Humphrey Davy the gas Uh. 771 00:45:20,480 --> 00:45:22,439 Speaker 1: If you want to know more about nitrous oxide, type 772 00:45:22,480 --> 00:45:24,759 Speaker 1: those words in the search part how stuff works dot com. 773 00:45:24,800 --> 00:45:26,840 Speaker 1: And since I said search parts, time for a listener 774 00:45:26,920 --> 00:45:30,840 Speaker 1: mayo no, Chuck, no, no, what is it time for? 775 00:45:30,960 --> 00:45:42,640 Speaker 1: It's time for so chuck First and foremost, I really 776 00:45:42,680 --> 00:45:46,600 Speaker 1: want to thank John Morgan over at Queen Charlotte's Pimento 777 00:45:46,680 --> 00:45:51,920 Speaker 1: Cheese Royal. He has hooked us up. Good good stuff, 778 00:45:52,880 --> 00:45:56,319 Speaker 1: wonderful stuff. The minute cheese, like the best pimento cheese 779 00:45:56,360 --> 00:45:59,160 Speaker 1: you can buy on the planet, better than palmetto cheese, 780 00:45:59,680 --> 00:46:02,560 Speaker 1: I think. So. All right, Yeah, yeah, it's good. And 781 00:46:02,600 --> 00:46:05,759 Speaker 1: there's like some Yeah it's really good. Good try that 782 00:46:05,800 --> 00:46:08,800 Speaker 1: stuff Queen Charlotte's Pamano Cheese Royal. All right, we received 783 00:46:08,840 --> 00:46:14,000 Speaker 1: the Christmas cards from the Kavanaughs, the Leaves, the Loses, 784 00:46:14,280 --> 00:46:18,000 Speaker 1: and you know, Hillary and Mike. We're talking to hook 785 00:46:18,239 --> 00:46:21,480 Speaker 1: up with the cheese. Yeah, with a flathead lake, flathead 786 00:46:21,520 --> 00:46:24,319 Speaker 1: lake or just flathead cheese. I think flathead lake. I 787 00:46:24,360 --> 00:46:27,280 Speaker 1: think it is. It's delicious. Hillary, do the best. Yeah, 788 00:46:27,280 --> 00:46:30,319 Speaker 1: thank you and the Nelson's so thank you for those 789 00:46:30,400 --> 00:46:35,440 Speaker 1: Christmas cards. Um Mike over at Shaker and Spoon and 790 00:46:35,480 --> 00:46:37,319 Speaker 1: the rest of the gang. I thank them before for 791 00:46:37,400 --> 00:46:41,239 Speaker 1: sending the box. Um, go check out Shaker and Spoon. 792 00:46:41,280 --> 00:46:44,320 Speaker 1: It's off great gift for yourself for somebody else where. 793 00:46:44,640 --> 00:46:46,839 Speaker 1: They send you all the ingredients you need to make 794 00:46:47,120 --> 00:46:51,799 Speaker 1: cocktails putting recipes. You just add booze and wow are 795 00:46:51,800 --> 00:46:54,800 Speaker 1: your friends? And what better time to go off the 796 00:46:54,880 --> 00:46:58,560 Speaker 1: page and thank Crown Royal. When we off handedly mentioned 797 00:46:58,600 --> 00:47:02,360 Speaker 1: that the Crown Royals uh Rye Whiskey won the whiskey 798 00:47:02,440 --> 00:47:04,799 Speaker 1: year and I was like, man, I'd love to try that, 799 00:47:05,239 --> 00:47:07,719 Speaker 1: they sent us some someone heard it and they sent 800 00:47:07,840 --> 00:47:11,879 Speaker 1: us six bottles of Boothe nice guy? Did you try 801 00:47:12,440 --> 00:47:14,640 Speaker 1: not yet? I guess you just found it today in 802 00:47:14,680 --> 00:47:16,719 Speaker 1: the office. So did there he tried it? That'd be 803 00:47:16,880 --> 00:47:21,280 Speaker 1: nine We should We should mention Crown Royal basically every 804 00:47:21,280 --> 00:47:25,840 Speaker 1: time every episode. So Crown Royal, Ashley Miller, thank you 805 00:47:25,880 --> 00:47:27,840 Speaker 1: for the wonderful Lego candy that you gave us in 806 00:47:27,880 --> 00:47:31,120 Speaker 1: San Francisco. Yes, thank you for that. Um, and I 807 00:47:31,160 --> 00:47:33,960 Speaker 1: think in Los Angeles to remember, she just follows us 808 00:47:34,000 --> 00:47:37,040 Speaker 1: around with Lego candy, well, at least in California now, um, 809 00:47:37,120 --> 00:47:39,480 Speaker 1: Lucy Brooks sent us a nice letter. Good luck with 810 00:47:39,520 --> 00:47:43,280 Speaker 1: the rest of the Granny List, Lucy, thank you, congratulations 811 00:47:43,280 --> 00:47:45,640 Speaker 1: the best of luck to Allison and Chuck for their 812 00:47:45,640 --> 00:47:50,520 Speaker 1: wedding in Cleveland. Yes, Um Connor and Beatriz Marinan send 813 00:47:50,600 --> 00:47:54,799 Speaker 1: us our beautiful wine cork Greek Chuck. Thanks who sent that? Yes, 814 00:47:55,400 --> 00:47:57,680 Speaker 1: loves that. She won't set it down. Good luck with 815 00:47:57,719 --> 00:48:02,719 Speaker 1: your alcoholism right just kidding. Thanks to Eric Young from 816 00:48:02,880 --> 00:48:06,359 Speaker 1: Squamish BC with the typewritten letter. Eric has a site 817 00:48:06,360 --> 00:48:11,920 Speaker 1: called pigeons and Inc. Dot com where he offers the 818 00:48:11,960 --> 00:48:16,239 Speaker 1: service of writing typewritten letters on others. Behalf Yeah. He 819 00:48:16,360 --> 00:48:20,240 Speaker 1: uses a Squarespace site. Pretty awesome. How about that. Kelly 820 00:48:20,280 --> 00:48:23,160 Speaker 1: from the Elephants Trunk sent us some awesome toys. Thank 821 00:48:23,200 --> 00:48:26,000 Speaker 1: you very much for those, Kelly. Thank you to him 822 00:48:26,000 --> 00:48:30,280 Speaker 1: from Melbourne, Australia via Knoxville, Tennessee with the homemade sour 823 00:48:30,360 --> 00:48:34,879 Speaker 1: dough hot cross bun. Yes, that was good. Um. And 824 00:48:34,880 --> 00:48:37,960 Speaker 1: then Elizabeth Henry sent us a signed copy of Who 825 00:48:38,040 --> 00:48:40,560 Speaker 1: Killed Mr Moonlight by the One and Only David J. 826 00:48:40,800 --> 00:48:44,479 Speaker 1: Of Bauhaus. I made a joke about ba House and 827 00:48:44,640 --> 00:48:48,480 Speaker 1: Um Elizabeth Henry said, Oh, David J. Is my boyfriend's dad. 828 00:48:48,480 --> 00:48:51,360 Speaker 1: I'll get him to sign a copy of his autobiography 829 00:48:51,480 --> 00:48:53,680 Speaker 1: and mail it to the guys. Who was he in Ballhouse? 830 00:48:53,920 --> 00:48:56,960 Speaker 1: He played Basso. Yeah, he also had a good solo 831 00:48:57,040 --> 00:49:00,040 Speaker 1: career too. Yeah yeah, Shaan Erskine, thank you for of 832 00:49:00,120 --> 00:49:02,400 Speaker 1: the stuff you should know bottle cap logo art. That 833 00:49:02,520 --> 00:49:07,480 Speaker 1: was great. Yes, Um, Jeremy and Irene Kemia K A 834 00:49:07,800 --> 00:49:11,040 Speaker 1: M I y A send us glass on teak which 835 00:49:11,080 --> 00:49:14,160 Speaker 1: is amazing, Chuck, let me just describe us. They basically 836 00:49:14,239 --> 00:49:17,439 Speaker 1: take an awesome piece of teak driftwood sure, and then 837 00:49:18,560 --> 00:49:21,759 Speaker 1: blow a glass bowl so that it molds on the 838 00:49:21,760 --> 00:49:25,120 Speaker 1: bottom to that specific piece of tea. And then, buddy, 839 00:49:25,360 --> 00:49:27,799 Speaker 1: you've got yourself a beautiful place to house a goldfish 840 00:49:28,160 --> 00:49:32,640 Speaker 1: put used for hurricane, lamp for candle, keep your keys 841 00:49:32,640 --> 00:49:36,680 Speaker 1: in there, maybe hold those jelly bean counting contests with 842 00:49:36,960 --> 00:49:39,800 Speaker 1: who knows Sky's limit. But it's awesome and attractive and 843 00:49:39,800 --> 00:49:42,600 Speaker 1: it looks really really cool and mid century modern, so good. 844 00:49:42,640 --> 00:49:46,600 Speaker 1: Check out K A M I y A ceo dot com. 845 00:49:47,120 --> 00:49:51,480 Speaker 1: Dorrian Wilson, owner of Revival Ltd. They make cool shirts 846 00:49:51,480 --> 00:49:54,279 Speaker 1: and the proceeds of those shirts go to people in 847 00:49:54,320 --> 00:49:59,839 Speaker 1: Brazil displaced by the World Cup is that right? Wo 848 00:50:00,880 --> 00:50:03,760 Speaker 1: uh And you can find that information at Revival Global 849 00:50:03,800 --> 00:50:07,920 Speaker 1: dot com. Yes. Um, Johnny Wood who works for Yakima 850 00:50:08,600 --> 00:50:16,359 Speaker 1: the outfitter, the biking outfitter, you know what I'm talking about. Yeah, Yakima, Yeah, 851 00:50:16,520 --> 00:50:19,560 Speaker 1: make like pike racks. Thank you. Yeah. He sent us 852 00:50:19,560 --> 00:50:24,440 Speaker 1: some swag yeah yeah, and he travels around selling Yakima 853 00:50:24,480 --> 00:50:27,120 Speaker 1: stuff which probably sells itself, you know what I mean. 854 00:50:27,840 --> 00:50:29,680 Speaker 1: And uh, he listens to us on the road. So 855 00:50:29,760 --> 00:50:31,880 Speaker 1: thanks a lot, Johnny. This is one of my favorites 856 00:50:31,880 --> 00:50:37,200 Speaker 1: of recent memory. Robbie Zupta he made the bullet pins 857 00:50:37,360 --> 00:50:39,719 Speaker 1: man and he sent the so long ago and it's 858 00:50:39,840 --> 00:50:42,880 Speaker 1: so it's we we've just been lack, so thank you 859 00:50:42,920 --> 00:50:44,879 Speaker 1: for those. It's really neat. He has a series called 860 00:50:44,920 --> 00:50:48,040 Speaker 1: the He's an artist called the Mightier Than series, as 861 00:50:48,120 --> 00:50:50,279 Speaker 1: in pin as mightier than the sword, and he takes 862 00:50:50,280 --> 00:50:55,400 Speaker 1: like bullet casings and makes these fountain pins from bullet casings. 863 00:50:55,840 --> 00:50:59,560 Speaker 1: It's really neat. Makes a statement in the school looking Yeah. Um, 864 00:50:59,719 --> 00:51:02,800 Speaker 1: we in a nice letter from Jenny Cochrane. That's that. 865 00:51:03,360 --> 00:51:06,040 Speaker 1: We want to thank Matt for the handmade hinge game 866 00:51:06,239 --> 00:51:08,960 Speaker 1: h E n g E is in Stone inche Um 867 00:51:09,000 --> 00:51:12,000 Speaker 1: and Lori Gesh for the copy of her kid's book 868 00:51:12,440 --> 00:51:16,520 Speaker 1: Copper Light Colin a really crappy story, very nice, and 869 00:51:16,600 --> 00:51:20,200 Speaker 1: she sent us some real copper Lights, which is fossilized poop. 870 00:51:20,960 --> 00:51:23,399 Speaker 1: Oh that's right, I remember seeing that. I have piece 871 00:51:23,440 --> 00:51:26,320 Speaker 1: tucked in my cheek right now. Thanks to our buddy 872 00:51:26,320 --> 00:51:29,960 Speaker 1: Gary for the homemade cookies. Uh. And then Beth View 873 00:51:29,960 --> 00:51:33,200 Speaker 1: Manic Lopez sent us a copy of Unbound colin How 874 00:51:33,239 --> 00:51:36,680 Speaker 1: Eight Technologies Made Us Human, Transformed Society and brought the 875 00:51:36,719 --> 00:51:39,400 Speaker 1: World to the Brink by Richard L. Courrier. Thank you 876 00:51:39,480 --> 00:51:42,640 Speaker 1: very much for that hard copy. No less. Uh. In 877 00:51:42,719 --> 00:51:45,000 Speaker 1: my final one, I had a bunch of people send 878 00:51:45,480 --> 00:51:49,520 Speaker 1: very lovely gifts for Ruby. Oh yeah, my baby when 879 00:51:49,560 --> 00:51:53,200 Speaker 1: we got her, and um, I'm not going to read 880 00:51:53,200 --> 00:51:55,640 Speaker 1: off all of their names, but you know who you are, 881 00:51:55,800 --> 00:51:59,960 Speaker 1: and it was very very nice. You know you are they? Uh. 882 00:52:00,239 --> 00:52:03,160 Speaker 1: I've got the last one all right, uh, which seems 883 00:52:03,640 --> 00:52:07,160 Speaker 1: chumpy following that heartfelt thing. But thanks a lot to 884 00:52:07,200 --> 00:52:10,720 Speaker 1: Brett Goodson for sending us pork cloud stuff pork cloud 885 00:52:11,120 --> 00:52:15,400 Speaker 1: pork grind chips, soap and pork dust. If you're like 886 00:52:15,600 --> 00:52:18,120 Speaker 1: I'm not too big on bread crumbs. I'd rather than 887 00:52:18,160 --> 00:52:21,680 Speaker 1: be porky. Port Cloud has you covered. I think that 888 00:52:21,760 --> 00:52:26,600 Speaker 1: was decidedly non chumpy. Thank you nice, Thank you Brett Goodson, 889 00:52:26,640 --> 00:52:28,480 Speaker 1: thanks to all Right, well we're gonna finish up. We 890 00:52:28,520 --> 00:52:30,279 Speaker 1: have quite a few more and we're gonna finish up 891 00:52:30,280 --> 00:52:34,000 Speaker 1: in the next episode. I think yes and uh as 892 00:52:34,040 --> 00:52:37,600 Speaker 1: always thank you to those who send in good thoughts 893 00:52:37,640 --> 00:52:42,160 Speaker 1: and letters and handmade fun gifts were we really appreciate it. 894 00:52:42,160 --> 00:52:44,600 Speaker 1: It's the best ye uh So, if you want to 895 00:52:44,640 --> 00:52:46,080 Speaker 1: get in touch of this, you can tweet to us 896 00:52:46,120 --> 00:52:48,120 Speaker 1: at s y s K podcast. You can join us 897 00:52:48,120 --> 00:52:50,520 Speaker 1: on Facebook dot com slash stuff you Should Know. You 898 00:52:50,560 --> 00:52:52,960 Speaker 1: can send us an email to stuff Podcast at how 899 00:52:53,000 --> 00:52:55,360 Speaker 1: stuff Works dot com and has always joined us at 900 00:52:55,360 --> 00:53:03,040 Speaker 1: our home on the web, Stuff you Should Know dot com. 901 00:53:03,080 --> 00:53:05,600 Speaker 1: For more on this and thousands of other topics, visit 902 00:53:05,680 --> 00:53:12,480 Speaker 1: how stuff Works dot com. H