1
00:00:00,240 --> 00:00:05,600
Speaker 1: Now here's a highlight from coast to coast am on iHeartRadio.

2
00:00:05,080 --> 00:00:07,640
Speaker 2: Doctor Lowbe. I have to tell you what I'm most

3
00:00:07,680 --> 00:00:11,319
Speaker 2: excited about your new book, Interstellary, is that it is

4
00:00:11,360 --> 00:00:14,360
Speaker 2: so hopeful, it's positive. There's a sense of excitement in

5
00:00:14,400 --> 00:00:14,840
Speaker 2: this book.

6
00:00:14,920 --> 00:00:15,880
Speaker 1: It's like a.

7
00:00:15,800 --> 00:00:18,439
Speaker 2: Message, Let's go learn about this, Let's dig into it.

8
00:00:18,520 --> 00:00:21,120
Speaker 2: Let's find out our true place in the cosmos, our

9
00:00:21,160 --> 00:00:24,080
Speaker 2: position and the universal pecking order. You know, find out

10
00:00:24,120 --> 00:00:26,760
Speaker 2: are we alone? Do you set out to purposely make

11
00:00:26,800 --> 00:00:29,840
Speaker 2: it kind of a hopeful, positive message?

12
00:00:30,160 --> 00:00:32,960
Speaker 3: Yeah? I think one of the things I learned about

13
00:00:33,040 --> 00:00:36,720
Speaker 3: life is that it's often a self fulfilling prophecy. So

14
00:00:37,000 --> 00:00:40,360
Speaker 3: it's better to be an optimist. If I would think

15
00:00:40,360 --> 00:00:43,560
Speaker 3: that I will not find anything in the Pacific Ocean,

16
00:00:43,560 --> 00:00:45,680
Speaker 3: I would not go there and I wouldn't find anything.

17
00:00:46,600 --> 00:00:51,720
Speaker 3: So it's much better to be positive because every now

18
00:00:51,760 --> 00:00:58,360
Speaker 3: and then your wishes come true. And you know, there

19
00:00:58,440 --> 00:01:01,360
Speaker 3: is a book, a famous book by Steven Weinberg and

20
00:01:02,000 --> 00:01:05,479
Speaker 3: the physicists who won the Nobel Prize called the First

21
00:01:05,600 --> 00:01:11,000
Speaker 3: three Minutes, and towards the end of it, he says,

22
00:01:11,760 --> 00:01:18,760
Speaker 3: the more we comprehend the universe, the more pointless, it seems,

23
00:01:19,840 --> 00:01:24,240
Speaker 3: and that's a depressing thought. The universe is pointless. And

24
00:01:24,560 --> 00:01:28,080
Speaker 3: I thought about it, and I realized that he's completely wrong.

25
00:01:28,160 --> 00:01:31,600
Speaker 3: The reason he finds the universe pointless, and by the way,

26
00:01:31,600 --> 00:01:34,640
Speaker 3: it's not only him, but it's all my colleagues that

27
00:01:34,760 --> 00:01:40,319
Speaker 3: work on studying the universe is because they focus on

28
00:01:40,760 --> 00:01:46,679
Speaker 3: lifeless objects, you know, elementary particles, radiation, things that have

29
00:01:46,760 --> 00:01:51,640
Speaker 3: no life. And we know from our own life that

30
00:01:52,200 --> 00:01:57,040
Speaker 3: finding a partner brings a meaning to your life, and

31
00:01:57,200 --> 00:02:04,600
Speaker 3: loneliness is pointless. And so my advice is, let's search

32
00:02:04,680 --> 00:02:07,920
Speaker 3: for a partner out there, for a neighbor, because that

33
00:02:08,000 --> 00:02:11,280
Speaker 3: would change our perspective. Suddenly the universe would appear to

34
00:02:11,320 --> 00:02:17,840
Speaker 3: be meaningful. And you know, that is a very basic

35
00:02:19,200 --> 00:02:23,480
Speaker 3: perspective that could change the future of humanity because if

36
00:02:23,520 --> 00:02:29,000
Speaker 3: we find a partner, a neighbor that is more accomplished

37
00:02:29,040 --> 00:02:32,360
Speaker 3: than we are, we could learn something new that we

38
00:02:32,440 --> 00:02:36,959
Speaker 3: haven't yet learned in the last century of science and technology.

39
00:02:37,800 --> 00:02:41,760
Speaker 3: They could inspire us to go into space, and at

40
00:02:41,760 --> 00:02:45,440
Speaker 3: the very least I can imagine that, you know, it

41
00:02:45,480 --> 00:02:48,720
Speaker 3: would convince us that what we are doing now makes

42
00:02:48,760 --> 00:02:53,040
Speaker 3: no sense. I mean, we are engaged in conflicts. Two

43
00:02:53,080 --> 00:02:57,320
Speaker 3: trillion dollars a year is going to military budgets worldwide,

44
00:02:58,040 --> 00:03:01,760
Speaker 3: and just you know, think about using this money for

45
00:03:03,120 --> 00:03:08,160
Speaker 3: space exploration. I calculated that we could reach every star

46
00:03:08,280 --> 00:03:13,840
Speaker 3: in the Milky Way galaxy by sending probes within one century.

47
00:03:14,040 --> 00:03:17,960
Speaker 3: Billions of probes with this budget in one century, we'll

48
00:03:18,000 --> 00:03:22,519
Speaker 3: go towards every star. So it's just a matter of priorities.

49
00:03:23,080 --> 00:03:27,160
Speaker 3: And perhaps if we realize that we have a neighbor

50
00:03:27,200 --> 00:03:32,120
Speaker 3: out there and they reached our doorstep before we reached

51
00:03:32,160 --> 00:03:35,600
Speaker 3: their doorstep, you know, that would convince us to work

52
00:03:35,640 --> 00:03:39,880
Speaker 3: together because we are all in the same boat earth,

53
00:03:40,760 --> 00:03:44,720
Speaker 3: sailing through space. And when I was in the Pacific Ocean,

54
00:03:44,880 --> 00:03:48,000
Speaker 3: I realized, you know, all the team members were working together,

55
00:03:48,520 --> 00:03:53,880
Speaker 3: selflessly towards the success of the mission. That's the kind

56
00:03:53,920 --> 00:03:58,800
Speaker 3: of attitude that I'm really hoping for. If you know,

57
00:03:58,840 --> 00:04:03,000
Speaker 3: there would be this way coming from a neighbor, that

58
00:04:03,120 --> 00:04:06,600
Speaker 3: will change the priorities of humanity, make us all work

59
00:04:06,720 --> 00:04:09,560
Speaker 3: together as equal members of the human species.

60
00:04:10,680 --> 00:04:13,960
Speaker 2: This expedition you made out into the Pacific sounds like

61
00:04:14,000 --> 00:04:17,039
Speaker 2: a just a rollicking grand adventure. Could you share with

62
00:04:17,120 --> 00:04:19,840
Speaker 2: our audience why you picked that spot, what you were

63
00:04:19,880 --> 00:04:21,520
Speaker 2: looking for and what you found.

64
00:04:22,680 --> 00:04:27,280
Speaker 3: Yeah, So the story starts on January eighth, twenty fourteen,

65
00:04:27,400 --> 00:04:33,080
Speaker 3: when US government satellites detected the fireboard from the collision

66
00:04:33,080 --> 00:04:36,440
Speaker 3: of an object with Earth. And that's called the meteor

67
00:04:36,520 --> 00:04:38,960
Speaker 3: when an object collides with Earth and burns up in

68
00:04:39,040 --> 00:04:43,200
Speaker 3: the atmosphere as a result of friction with Earth. What

69
00:04:43,440 --> 00:04:46,279
Speaker 3: was unusual about this one is that the object was

70
00:04:46,320 --> 00:04:51,400
Speaker 3: moving very fast. It actually came from behind the Earth

71
00:04:51,640 --> 00:04:54,760
Speaker 3: in its orbit around the Sun. And even though it

72
00:04:54,800 --> 00:04:57,839
Speaker 3: came from behind the Earth, it was moving at forty

73
00:04:57,880 --> 00:05:02,960
Speaker 3: five kilometers per second, faster than Earth relative to Earth itself.

74
00:05:04,320 --> 00:05:09,000
Speaker 3: And we calculated in twenty nineteen. January twenty nineteen, when

75
00:05:09,400 --> 00:05:14,000
Speaker 3: that was exactly five years after this object was found

76
00:05:14,040 --> 00:05:16,440
Speaker 3: by the US government. It was just put in a

77
00:05:16,480 --> 00:05:21,839
Speaker 3: catalog of NASA, and I was interviewed about another meteor

78
00:05:22,000 --> 00:05:29,560
Speaker 3: that landed near Kamchatka, and it's called the Kamchatka meteor,

79
00:05:30,240 --> 00:05:34,160
Speaker 3: just a couple of weeks earlier. So the radio interviewer

80
00:05:34,240 --> 00:05:36,960
Speaker 3: wanted to ask questions about that, and I looked at

81
00:05:36,960 --> 00:05:40,400
Speaker 3: the online and found this catalog of NASA, and I

82
00:05:40,440 --> 00:05:44,120
Speaker 3: asked my student to check if any of the objects,

83
00:05:44,480 --> 00:05:48,440
Speaker 3: the fastest objects might have originated from outside the Solar System,

84
00:05:48,720 --> 00:05:53,320
Speaker 3: because I was already intrigued by Omuamua that looked unlike

85
00:05:53,400 --> 00:05:57,200
Speaker 3: any rock that we're familiar with in the Solar System,

86
00:05:57,480 --> 00:05:59,480
Speaker 3: and so I said, why don't we find if there

87
00:05:59,520 --> 00:06:02,200
Speaker 3: is any me that came from outside the source system?

88
00:06:02,200 --> 00:06:06,800
Speaker 3: And we found this one and then submitted the paper

89
00:06:06,800 --> 00:06:11,240
Speaker 3: for publications and the refere is. My colleagues rejected it.

90
00:06:11,560 --> 00:06:15,600
Speaker 3: They said, we don't believe the US government. So at

91
00:06:15,600 --> 00:06:18,320
Speaker 3: the time, I was chair of the Board of Physics

92
00:06:18,360 --> 00:06:21,800
Speaker 3: and Astronomy of the National Academies, and I complained about

93
00:06:21,839 --> 00:06:24,880
Speaker 3: it to my colleagues there. I said, look, I mean

94
00:06:24,920 --> 00:06:28,039
Speaker 3: this is data that you know, the US Space Command

95
00:06:28,440 --> 00:06:32,680
Speaker 3: is getting more funding than NASA, and we should trust

96
00:06:33,000 --> 00:06:37,520
Speaker 3: the you know, the data, because you know, they're supposed

97
00:06:37,520 --> 00:06:40,919
Speaker 3: to alert the US President if a ballistic missile is

98
00:06:40,920 --> 00:06:44,800
Speaker 3: coming from North Korea, and if they make mistakes, they

99
00:06:44,800 --> 00:06:47,200
Speaker 3: will say no, it's going to Mexico while it's heading

100
00:06:47,240 --> 00:06:50,279
Speaker 3: towards Washington. So it's you know, they know what they're

101
00:06:50,320 --> 00:06:55,080
Speaker 3: talking about anyway. So as a result of me frustrated,

102
00:06:56,040 --> 00:06:59,040
Speaker 3: one of the people with behind the National Security Defense

103
00:06:59,080 --> 00:07:01,920
Speaker 3: suggested to help, and it ended up with a person

104
00:07:01,960 --> 00:07:06,560
Speaker 3: from the White House reaching to the US Space Command,

105
00:07:06,600 --> 00:07:10,200
Speaker 3: and there was the letter issued by the US Space

106
00:07:10,200 --> 00:07:14,720
Speaker 3: Command in March twenty twenty two, three years later, saying

107
00:07:14,800 --> 00:07:18,160
Speaker 3: that they confirm after looking at the data again, they

108
00:07:18,240 --> 00:07:23,800
Speaker 3: confirmed that it's of interstellar origin. This meteor came from

109
00:07:23,800 --> 00:07:26,520
Speaker 3: outside the Solar System, and they do it at the

110
00:07:26,600 --> 00:07:29,640
Speaker 3: ninety nine point nine nine percent confidence. That was a

111
00:07:29,720 --> 00:07:34,880
Speaker 3: letter sent to NASA. The Department of Defense basically came

112
00:07:34,960 --> 00:07:38,520
Speaker 3: to my defense on this matter, and our paper was

113
00:07:38,560 --> 00:07:42,040
Speaker 3: accepted for publication at that point, and the government also

114
00:07:42,120 --> 00:07:46,160
Speaker 3: released the data about the fireball, the light curb from

115
00:07:46,240 --> 00:07:51,680
Speaker 3: this meteor, and that allowed us to conclude two things. Well.

116
00:07:51,720 --> 00:07:54,920
Speaker 3: First of all, it came with a very high speed

117
00:07:54,960 --> 00:07:58,960
Speaker 3: already outside the Solar System, faster than ninety five percent

118
00:07:59,000 --> 00:08:02,360
Speaker 3: of the stars in the vicinity of the Sun relative

119
00:08:02,400 --> 00:08:06,160
Speaker 3: to the local frame of the Milky Way galaxy. That's unusual,

120
00:08:06,480 --> 00:08:09,160
Speaker 3: faster than ninety five percent of the stars near the Sun.

121
00:08:09,960 --> 00:08:13,960
Speaker 3: And moreover, it exploded only in the lower atmosphere, where

122
00:08:14,000 --> 00:08:18,920
Speaker 3: the stress on the object was far greater than on

123
00:08:19,040 --> 00:08:22,240
Speaker 3: all other space rocks that we had seen as meteors

124
00:08:22,440 --> 00:08:25,480
Speaker 3: two hundred and seventy two of them in the NASA

125
00:08:25,520 --> 00:08:29,960
Speaker 3: catalog over the past decade. So the object was unusually

126
00:08:30,080 --> 00:08:36,880
Speaker 3: tough material strength, larger than even iron meteorites, which make

127
00:08:37,000 --> 00:08:42,679
Speaker 3: up five percent of the meteors. So you know, if

128
00:08:42,720 --> 00:08:46,480
Speaker 3: that raised the possibility that it may be a voyager

129
00:08:46,640 --> 00:08:50,960
Speaker 3: like meteor. Just imagine our own spacecraft voyager going to

130
00:08:51,000 --> 00:08:55,000
Speaker 3: interestellar space and eventually colliding with a planet like the Earth.

131
00:08:55,960 --> 00:08:58,240
Speaker 3: It would appear as a meteor in the sky of

132
00:08:58,320 --> 00:09:03,120
Speaker 3: that planet. Is of unusual material strength because it's made

133
00:09:03,160 --> 00:09:07,559
Speaker 3: of stainless steel, and unusual speed because it was propelled

134
00:09:07,600 --> 00:09:12,200
Speaker 3: by a rocket. And so I decided to go to

135
00:09:12,240 --> 00:09:14,800
Speaker 3: the side of the meteor and find what it was

136
00:09:14,840 --> 00:09:18,440
Speaker 3: made of. And that was a big challenge. You know,

137
00:09:18,480 --> 00:09:22,440
Speaker 3: there were many failure points. First, we had to get

138
00:09:22,440 --> 00:09:26,359
Speaker 3: one and a half million dollars had to fund the expedition,

139
00:09:26,440 --> 00:09:32,800
Speaker 3: and gladly Charles Hoskinson and the Thunder contacted me out

140
00:09:32,840 --> 00:09:36,080
Speaker 3: of the blue and we had a zoom call and

141
00:09:36,480 --> 00:09:40,560
Speaker 3: he said, you have the money. And then organizing a

142
00:09:40,640 --> 00:09:43,600
Speaker 3: team of twenty eight people, the best in the world

143
00:09:43,679 --> 00:09:46,240
Speaker 3: by the way, and that was again a very fortunate

144
00:09:47,080 --> 00:09:52,200
Speaker 3: circumstance that those people agreed and joined, and actually many

145
00:09:52,240 --> 00:09:55,800
Speaker 3: of them volunteered to join us. And then we built

146
00:09:55,800 --> 00:10:00,000
Speaker 3: a sled with magnets on both sides that is one

147
00:10:00,480 --> 00:10:03,960
Speaker 3: wide and two hundred kilograms in mass, and we placed

148
00:10:04,000 --> 00:10:08,000
Speaker 3: it on the ocean floor, connected with a cable to

149
00:10:08,080 --> 00:10:12,880
Speaker 3: the ship that was fittingly called the Silver Star, and

150
00:10:12,920 --> 00:10:16,720
Speaker 3: we basically dragged the sled back and forth, just like

151
00:10:16,840 --> 00:10:21,480
Speaker 3: mowing the lawn across the region that is seven miles

152
00:10:21,520 --> 00:10:25,400
Speaker 3: in size, and the ocean is more than a mile deep.

153
00:10:26,160 --> 00:10:29,880
Speaker 3: And what we were looking for are the molten droplets

154
00:10:29,920 --> 00:10:32,920
Speaker 3: from the surface of the object when it was exposed

155
00:10:32,920 --> 00:10:37,400
Speaker 3: to the fireball the immense heat that surrounded it, and

156
00:10:38,559 --> 00:10:43,080
Speaker 3: those droplets were supposed to be a millimeter or best

157
00:10:43,400 --> 00:10:47,360
Speaker 3: in size, the size of a grain of sand. So

158
00:10:47,520 --> 00:10:51,520
Speaker 3: just think about it, searching for planes of sand at

159
00:10:51,520 --> 00:10:53,880
Speaker 3: the bottom of the ocean a mile deep, across the

160
00:10:53,920 --> 00:10:58,880
Speaker 3: region of seven miles in length. And so many of

161
00:10:58,920 --> 00:11:02,559
Speaker 3: my colleagues obviously said, you will find nothing. It's a

162
00:11:02,600 --> 00:11:06,000
Speaker 3: waste of time. And I said, you know, why don't

163
00:11:06,000 --> 00:11:08,480
Speaker 3: you sit back and relax. I'm not asking you to

164
00:11:08,559 --> 00:11:13,360
Speaker 3: do anything. I'm doing the heavy lifting and if I

165
00:11:13,400 --> 00:11:17,240
Speaker 3: come back with nothing, you can say that's what I expected.

166
00:11:18,080 --> 00:11:22,319
Speaker 3: So we went there, and then after six days, I mean,

167
00:11:22,360 --> 00:11:25,160
Speaker 3: at first the sled was not lying on the ocean

168
00:11:25,160 --> 00:11:28,960
Speaker 3: floor because the cable was lifting it. It was guiding,

169
00:11:30,160 --> 00:11:36,040
Speaker 3: and the exceptional engineers that we had on the ship

170
00:11:36,440 --> 00:11:38,560
Speaker 3: realized that we need to go with the current in

171
00:11:38,679 --> 00:11:40,880
Speaker 3: order to keep it on the floor. But then we

172
00:11:40,920 --> 00:11:44,760
Speaker 3: started collecting materials and most of it was volcanic ash.

173
00:11:44,880 --> 00:11:51,040
Speaker 3: This is black powder from volcanic activity. And then after

174
00:11:51,080 --> 00:11:53,960
Speaker 3: the sixth day, I mean, I wrote forty three diary

175
00:11:54,000 --> 00:11:58,959
Speaker 3: reports altogether, and after the sixth day I wrote an

176
00:11:59,040 --> 00:12:01,760
Speaker 3: essay on mediu dot com. All of them were published,

177
00:12:01,760 --> 00:12:05,600
Speaker 3: by the way, and there were few millions millions of

178
00:12:05,640 --> 00:12:09,079
Speaker 3: people around the world who read those reports. They were

179
00:12:09,200 --> 00:12:15,080
Speaker 3: very excited, and then they were translated to Spanish. And

180
00:12:15,160 --> 00:12:18,960
Speaker 3: on the sixth day I wrote a report with the

181
00:12:19,000 --> 00:12:23,679
Speaker 3: title where are the sperrels? These are the molten droplets.

182
00:12:23,720 --> 00:12:27,720
Speaker 3: We didn't find them yet, And then I was straightforward,

183
00:12:27,840 --> 00:12:32,400
Speaker 3: we didn't find them, And then the following day we

184
00:12:32,520 --> 00:12:36,680
Speaker 3: started filtering the black powder. The particles that are small,

185
00:12:36,800 --> 00:12:40,440
Speaker 3: We let them out with a mesh and that had

186
00:12:40,440 --> 00:12:44,200
Speaker 3: the size of a quarter of a millimeter, and then

187
00:12:44,800 --> 00:12:48,400
Speaker 3: we started looking at the big particles through a microscope

188
00:12:49,200 --> 00:12:54,000
Speaker 3: and lo and behold, we found a sparrow. It looked

189
00:12:54,080 --> 00:12:58,360
Speaker 3: very distinct from the background sand. It was like a

190
00:12:58,440 --> 00:13:03,720
Speaker 3: metallic marble. And I basically hugged the person who found

191
00:13:03,720 --> 00:13:07,280
Speaker 3: it first on the microscope. And I was so thrilled

192
00:13:07,840 --> 00:13:10,120
Speaker 3: because I knew that if you find an aunt in

193
00:13:10,160 --> 00:13:13,679
Speaker 3: the kitchen, there must be many more out there. And

194
00:13:14,720 --> 00:13:18,840
Speaker 3: then we found the fifty of them during the expedition

195
00:13:19,000 --> 00:13:23,319
Speaker 3: that lasted two weeks between June fourteenth to twenty eight,

196
00:13:24,080 --> 00:13:28,400
Speaker 3: twenty twenty three. And when we came back to had

197
00:13:28,600 --> 00:13:32,640
Speaker 3: I shipped the materials by FedEx. It arrived a few

198
00:13:32,720 --> 00:13:36,760
Speaker 3: days later to my home. I realized that a few

199
00:13:36,840 --> 00:13:38,840
Speaker 3: days of a delay is not a big deal, because

200
00:13:38,920 --> 00:13:42,079
Speaker 3: this material took millions of years to arrive to us

201
00:13:42,840 --> 00:13:46,440
Speaker 3: from far away. And then I brought it to a

202
00:13:46,520 --> 00:13:50,680
Speaker 3: laboratory of Stein Jacobson at Harvard that has the best

203
00:13:51,840 --> 00:13:56,320
Speaker 3: mass spectrometer in the world to analyze the composition of

204
00:13:56,360 --> 00:14:00,400
Speaker 3: the squirrels, and we found that there isn't a excess

205
00:14:00,480 --> 00:14:04,520
Speaker 3: of cereals along the meteor path. We made the map

206
00:14:04,800 --> 00:14:09,679
Speaker 3: my post dot Laura Domini made that map, and we

207
00:14:09,720 --> 00:14:15,160
Speaker 3: saw concentration of extra excess of cerreals along the path,

208
00:14:15,240 --> 00:14:18,120
Speaker 3: and of course there were some background ferrols in the

209
00:14:18,360 --> 00:14:21,600
Speaker 3: control regions and also in the area of the meteor,

210
00:14:21,720 --> 00:14:24,600
Speaker 3: but on top of that there was an excess. And

211
00:14:25,360 --> 00:14:28,240
Speaker 3: then we found a special type of cereals that were

212
00:14:28,640 --> 00:14:33,880
Speaker 3: along the meteor path in those regions of excess, and

213
00:14:33,960 --> 00:14:38,640
Speaker 3: that the composition of that was never seen before in

214
00:14:38,720 --> 00:14:44,600
Speaker 3: the scientific literature. Its materials that have a very different

215
00:14:45,040 --> 00:14:50,760
Speaker 3: abundance of elements than in the solar system. You know,

216
00:14:51,040 --> 00:14:57,240
Speaker 3: elements like lanthanum, uranium, beryllium are hundreds of times more

217
00:14:57,280 --> 00:15:03,080
Speaker 3: abundant in those serals, and that was never seen anywhere.

218
00:15:03,760 --> 00:15:08,920
Speaker 3: And so we reported the results the findings. And now,

219
00:15:09,080 --> 00:15:12,080
Speaker 3: I mean, so far we analyzed only about the tenth

220
00:15:12,400 --> 00:15:15,320
Speaker 3: of the spirals we have. When we came back to Harvard,

221
00:15:15,480 --> 00:15:22,200
Speaker 3: my summer intern found six hundred more in addition to

222
00:15:22,240 --> 00:15:24,640
Speaker 3: the fifty we had on the ship, and so altogether

223
00:15:24,720 --> 00:15:28,040
Speaker 3: we have about seven hundred right now. So we analyzed

224
00:15:28,080 --> 00:15:30,680
Speaker 3: fifty seven and we are now in the process of

225
00:15:30,680 --> 00:15:36,120
Speaker 3: analyzing many more. And it's just, you know, an amazing story.

226
00:15:36,120 --> 00:15:42,080
Speaker 3: Of discovery, taking risks despite all odds, and being successful.

227
00:15:42,120 --> 00:15:45,640
Speaker 3: And you know, there were so many points of failure

228
00:15:45,720 --> 00:15:50,440
Speaker 3: that every team member was essential for the success of

229
00:15:50,480 --> 00:15:55,280
Speaker 3: this mission. And we will go again because for now

230
00:15:55,280 --> 00:15:57,600
Speaker 3: we can just say it came from outside the Solar System,

231
00:15:57,600 --> 00:16:02,280
Speaker 3: but to be able to tell if it uh natural,

232
00:16:02,400 --> 00:16:04,760
Speaker 3: if it's if it was a rock that came from

233
00:16:04,800 --> 00:16:09,360
Speaker 3: an unusual environment different than the Solar System, or it

234
00:16:09,640 --> 00:16:16,040
Speaker 3: was technological gadget, maybe we found the element of semiconductors.

235
00:16:16,360 --> 00:16:19,200
Speaker 1: Listen to more Coast to Coast a m every weeknight

236
00:16:19,400 --> 00:16:21,880
Speaker 1: at one a m. Eastern and go to Coast to

237
00:16:21,920 --> 00:16:23,680
Speaker 1: coastam dot com for more