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Speaker 1: This Day in History Class is a production of I

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Speaker 1: Heart Radio. Hey I'm Eves and you're listening to This

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Speaker 1: Day in History Class, a podcast where we bring you

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Speaker 1: a slice of history every day. Today it's October nineteen.

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Speaker 1: The day was October. The Australian government gave the title

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Speaker 1: deeds to the Uluru Katar National Park back to his

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Speaker 1: arn traditional owners. Arnango homelands include areas in South Australia,

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Speaker 1: Western Australia and the Northern Territory. Uluru National Park is

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Speaker 1: located in the Northern Territory and includes Uluru, a famous

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Speaker 1: sandstone rock formation, as well as kat a group of

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Speaker 1: domed rock formations. A British born Australian explorer organized expedition

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Speaker 1: across Australia. He gave Katatar the name Mount Olga in

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Speaker 1: eighteen seventy two. The next year, another explorer dubbed Uluru

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Speaker 1: Airs Rock after the Chief Secretary of South Australia, Henry Ayers.

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Speaker 1: As more Europeans arrived in Australia and dispossessed Aboriginal people

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Speaker 1: of their land, conflict grew between Arnangu and pastoralists, but

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Speaker 1: in nineteen twenty the land around Uluru and Katatar was

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Speaker 1: declared the Southwest Reserve as part of a larger system

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Speaker 1: of reserve for Aboriginal people, but the rock formations had

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Speaker 1: great potential as lucrative tourist attractions. In nineteen forty eight,

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Speaker 1: an access road to Uluru was constructed and tours of

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Speaker 1: the area began. Ularu became airs Rock National Park in

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Speaker 1: nineteen fifty and eight years later kata Ttar joined Ularu

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Speaker 1: to become heirs Rock Mount Olga National Park. The title

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Speaker 1: to the park was vested in the Director of the

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Speaker 1: Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service, but in meetings organized

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Speaker 1: by the Office of Aboriginal Affairs, the traditional owners of

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Speaker 1: Luru Catat and the surrounding land made clear their opposition

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Speaker 1: to pastoralism, mining and tourism that harmed the land. Nevertheless,

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Speaker 1: in nineteen seventy seven, the Commonwealth officially declared the area

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Speaker 1: a national park under the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act.

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Speaker 1: Nineteen seventy five, the Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service

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Speaker 1: paid the Conservation Commission of the Northern Territory to employ

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Speaker 1: park rangers, and from nineteen seventy eight to nineteen eighty

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Speaker 1: five the Northern Territory government ran the park, but thanks

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Speaker 1: to the efforts of Aboriginal people working to have their

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Speaker 1: land rights recognized, the Australian Parliament passed the Aboriginal Land

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Speaker 1: Rights Northern Territory Act in nineteen seventy six. The law

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Speaker 1: recognized the Aboriginal system of land ownership by traditional landowners

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Speaker 1: and provided ways for Aboriginal people to own, control, and

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Speaker 1: use the resources of their land, but to keep airs

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Speaker 1: Rough Mount Oga a national park, it was excluded from

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Speaker 1: the Act. The Pitjan Jajara and Central Land Council opposed

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Speaker 1: this exclusion and lobbied for an amendment to the Act

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Speaker 1: to allow a land claim to the Ulurut land on

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Speaker 1: behalf of the Nangu people. Many groups, including people in

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Speaker 1: the tourism industry and pastoral lists, opposed the claim to

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Speaker 1: the uluru Cata land due to their own interests in

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Speaker 1: the area and concern about how the Arnagu would manage it.

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Speaker 1: The councils went back and forth with the Commonwealth and

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Speaker 1: Northern Territory government, but in nineteen eighty three Australian Prime

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Speaker 1: Minister Bob Hawk announced that the government would amend the

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Speaker 1: Aboriginal Land Rights Act and gives a title back to

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Speaker 1: Arnango owners. The handback, as it's known, occurred in a

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Speaker 1: ceremony on October night. After they got the title, Arnangu

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Speaker 1: representatives leased the park back to the director of the

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Speaker 1: Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service, ensuring continued public access.

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Speaker 1: The duration of the lease per the agreement is ninety

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Speaker 1: nine years. The land is run under a system of

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Speaker 1: joint management with a board of management represented by a

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Speaker 1: majority of our Nagu traditional owners. However, there is still

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Speaker 1: tension over the public treatment of the site and opportunities

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Speaker 1: provided for Ongo people. I'm Eve Jeff Coote and hopefully

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Speaker 1: you know a little more about history today than you

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Speaker 1: did yesterday. If you have any insight on an accent

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Speaker 1: or pronunciation spoken in the show today, feel free to

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Speaker 1: are comments to us at this day at I heart

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Speaker 1: media dot com. Thanks again for listening and have a

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