1 00:00:07,920 --> 00:00:21,760 Speaker 1: Pushkin. This show contains adult language and occasional descriptions of violence. 2 00:00:22,160 --> 00:00:24,880 Speaker 1: Please keep that in mind when choosing when and where 3 00:00:25,079 --> 00:00:33,560 Speaker 1: to listen. It's May nineteen seventy three, Iowa City. There's 4 00:00:33,560 --> 00:00:36,280 Speaker 1: a damp chill in the air. We are on a 5 00:00:36,360 --> 00:00:39,440 Speaker 1: sort of shabby block in front of a brick apartment 6 00:00:39,440 --> 00:00:42,080 Speaker 1: building with a white door in need of a paint job, 7 00:00:42,320 --> 00:00:47,680 Speaker 1: and a storefront window with its blinds drawn shut. The 8 00:00:47,800 --> 00:00:51,360 Speaker 1: sidewalk just in front of the door is covered in blood, 9 00:00:52,720 --> 00:00:55,560 Speaker 1: and it looks like the blood might be seeping out 10 00:00:55,640 --> 00:00:59,800 Speaker 1: from under the door jam. It's a busy week day, 11 00:01:00,280 --> 00:01:03,360 Speaker 1: and as pedestrians pass the puddle of blood, they notice 12 00:01:03,360 --> 00:01:07,399 Speaker 1: it and casually step around it. Eventually, a man in 13 00:01:07,440 --> 00:01:10,800 Speaker 1: a green and black plaid jacket pauses and looks around 14 00:01:11,520 --> 00:01:15,840 Speaker 1: as if looking for an explanation. When none comes, he 15 00:01:16,000 --> 00:01:19,800 Speaker 1: walks away. Then a well dressed white woman uses her 16 00:01:19,920 --> 00:01:23,000 Speaker 1: umbrella to poke at the bloody puddle, but after a 17 00:01:23,040 --> 00:01:28,240 Speaker 1: moment or two of inspection, she also walks away. Finally, 18 00:01:28,400 --> 00:01:32,039 Speaker 1: an older gentleman emerges from a nearby store front and 19 00:01:32,200 --> 00:01:35,880 Speaker 1: silently cleans up the mess, and the evidence of whatever 20 00:01:35,959 --> 00:01:40,560 Speaker 1: happened is suddenly gone. And with it disappears any account 21 00:01:40,600 --> 00:01:47,920 Speaker 1: of whose blood was spilled and how. The whole scene 22 00:01:48,320 --> 00:01:52,720 Speaker 1: is being captured by two young women in their twenties, sisters, 23 00:01:52,760 --> 00:01:56,240 Speaker 1: who sit in an old car parked near by. One 24 00:01:56,280 --> 00:01:58,960 Speaker 1: of them holds a super eight camera, the kind you'd 25 00:01:59,000 --> 00:02:03,240 Speaker 1: make home movies with back them. The other snaps photos 26 00:02:03,240 --> 00:02:07,320 Speaker 1: with a thirty five millimeter camera. They are Anna and 27 00:02:07,400 --> 00:02:12,519 Speaker 1: Reclean Mendieta, Cuban refugees who landed in this unlikely place 28 00:02:12,680 --> 00:02:20,320 Speaker 1: as children in nineteen seventy three. Anna was a first 29 00:02:20,400 --> 00:02:26,240 Speaker 1: year MFA student at the University of Iowa. She was funny, loud, outrageous, 30 00:02:26,520 --> 00:02:29,840 Speaker 1: and had to take no prisoners vibe, and in the 31 00:02:29,840 --> 00:02:33,000 Speaker 1: way of sisters, she had roped Reclean into helping her 32 00:02:33,040 --> 00:02:36,600 Speaker 1: make a new piece, and like many works Anna made, 33 00:02:36,720 --> 00:02:39,679 Speaker 1: it would come to seem tragically prophetic in the wake 34 00:02:39,760 --> 00:02:46,440 Speaker 1: of her death. She basically staged what looked like the 35 00:02:46,480 --> 00:02:50,960 Speaker 1: remnants of, you know, physical violence with what looked like 36 00:02:51,080 --> 00:02:53,720 Speaker 1: blood in the doorway of a building, and I thought 37 00:02:53,720 --> 00:02:57,000 Speaker 1: it was extremely powerful for a very young artist to 38 00:02:57,040 --> 00:03:00,880 Speaker 1: be doing that, and to be doing it in a small, 39 00:03:01,200 --> 00:03:04,880 Speaker 1: largely white town of Iowa City was fascinating to me. 40 00:03:05,880 --> 00:03:08,760 Speaker 1: That's Connie Butler, one of the many curators who would 41 00:03:08,760 --> 00:03:11,640 Speaker 1: come to admire and study Ana Mendietta's work in the 42 00:03:11,680 --> 00:03:15,960 Speaker 1: decades that followed. The photos in film the Mendietta Sisters 43 00:03:15,960 --> 00:03:18,880 Speaker 1: took that day would ultimately become a work of art 44 00:03:19,000 --> 00:03:23,480 Speaker 1: called Moffett Building Piece. The fact that it still exists 45 00:03:23,520 --> 00:03:26,920 Speaker 1: only in these little thirty five millimeter slides, which you know, 46 00:03:26,960 --> 00:03:29,200 Speaker 1: you have to get very close to with a loop, 47 00:03:29,280 --> 00:03:34,400 Speaker 1: and it's a very intimate way of viewing these things. 48 00:03:34,600 --> 00:03:36,880 Speaker 1: You know, that implicates you as a viewer too, almost 49 00:03:36,920 --> 00:03:39,560 Speaker 1: as if you are yourself looking at a crime scene. 50 00:03:40,240 --> 00:03:43,400 Speaker 1: Anna's interest in blood wasn't only meant to shock. She 51 00:03:43,520 --> 00:03:47,480 Speaker 1: was keenly aware of violence and injustice. When she made 52 00:03:47,480 --> 00:03:51,200 Speaker 1: the Moffitt Building Piece, she was investigating her own community's 53 00:03:51,280 --> 00:03:54,920 Speaker 1: reaction to a brutal crime, a rape and murder that 54 00:03:55,000 --> 00:03:58,480 Speaker 1: had happened on campus a few months before. Here's how 55 00:03:58,480 --> 00:04:03,240 Speaker 1: she explained her inspiration. A young woman was killed, raped 56 00:04:03,280 --> 00:04:06,200 Speaker 1: and killed at Iowa in one of the dorms, and 57 00:04:06,440 --> 00:04:09,440 Speaker 1: it just really freaked me out. So I did sort 58 00:04:09,480 --> 00:04:13,080 Speaker 1: of rape performances type things at that time, using my 59 00:04:13,120 --> 00:04:17,279 Speaker 1: own body. I did something I believe in and that 60 00:04:17,400 --> 00:04:20,839 Speaker 1: I felt I had to do. That's not actually Anna 61 00:04:20,880 --> 00:04:25,159 Speaker 1: Mendietta's voice you're hearing. That was Tanya Brigera, another artist 62 00:04:25,200 --> 00:04:33,680 Speaker 1: from Cuba who you'll hear from more later. Anna Mendietta's 63 00:04:33,800 --> 00:04:37,679 Speaker 1: question was could you make art about something so awful? 64 00:04:38,400 --> 00:04:41,839 Speaker 1: And she used blood, not paint. Blood is the most 65 00:04:41,960 --> 00:04:45,279 Speaker 1: essential substance of life. Could it jolt people out of 66 00:04:45,320 --> 00:04:50,840 Speaker 1: their daily routines? Could blood make people pay attention? She 67 00:04:50,880 --> 00:04:53,600 Speaker 1: didn't know it yet, but the Moffett Building piece was 68 00:04:53,640 --> 00:04:56,760 Speaker 1: about to be her first major artwork, and in a 69 00:04:56,800 --> 00:05:01,560 Speaker 1: circular way, that's kind of terrifying. The question she asked 70 00:05:01,839 --> 00:05:05,719 Speaker 1: about how we react when we encounter the residue of violence. 71 00:05:06,520 --> 00:05:09,880 Speaker 1: This question would haunt all of us after she died. 72 00:05:13,440 --> 00:05:17,600 Speaker 1: I'm your host, Helen Molesworth and from Pushkin Industries, Something 73 00:05:17,640 --> 00:05:22,840 Speaker 1: Else and Sony Music Entertainment. This is Death of an Artist, 74 00:05:24,000 --> 00:05:39,799 Speaker 1: Episode one. The Haunting Boom. For my entire professional life, 75 00:05:39,880 --> 00:05:42,440 Speaker 1: I've been a member of something called the art world, 76 00:05:42,760 --> 00:05:47,919 Speaker 1: an exclusive network of artists, gallery dealers, curators, collectors, and 77 00:05:48,000 --> 00:05:51,880 Speaker 1: philanthropists for two decades. I was lucky enough to be 78 00:05:51,920 --> 00:05:55,080 Speaker 1: a museum curator, making me one of a small group 79 00:05:55,120 --> 00:05:58,960 Speaker 1: of cultural insiders who determine what art we see and 80 00:05:59,080 --> 00:06:02,680 Speaker 1: how we talk about it. In the museum world and 81 00:06:02,800 --> 00:06:05,760 Speaker 1: in art history, there are a lot of unspoken rules 82 00:06:05,760 --> 00:06:08,760 Speaker 1: about what you can say publicly and what is supposed 83 00:06:08,800 --> 00:06:12,800 Speaker 1: to stay private. It turns out I wasn't that good 84 00:06:12,839 --> 00:06:16,080 Speaker 1: at sticking to the script, and I guess I'm still 85 00:06:16,120 --> 00:06:18,440 Speaker 1: not good at it, because I'm going to tell you 86 00:06:18,480 --> 00:06:22,919 Speaker 1: Anna Mendietta's whole story, all the way to its shocking 87 00:06:23,120 --> 00:06:30,080 Speaker 1: and troubling end, and much to my surprise, I discovered 88 00:06:30,080 --> 00:06:32,680 Speaker 1: it's a story many of my colleagues in the art 89 00:06:32,680 --> 00:06:40,599 Speaker 1: world would prefer I didn't tell at first, blush. It 90 00:06:40,680 --> 00:06:42,800 Speaker 1: seemed like people didn't want me to talk about it 91 00:06:42,839 --> 00:06:45,760 Speaker 1: because of who else is part of that story. On 92 00:06:45,960 --> 00:06:50,600 Speaker 1: his husband, the famous sculptor Carl Andre. He is one 93 00:06:50,600 --> 00:06:54,039 Speaker 1: of the so called fathers of minimalism, a cultural hero 94 00:06:54,240 --> 00:06:58,919 Speaker 1: to many a revered artists with lots of connections, and 95 00:06:59,040 --> 00:07:05,799 Speaker 1: he was a suspect in Anna's death. Even though Carl 96 00:07:05,839 --> 00:07:09,480 Speaker 1: Andrea and Anna Mendietta were a highly visible art world couple, 97 00:07:10,520 --> 00:07:13,800 Speaker 1: even though something terrible happened between them the night she died. 98 00:07:14,360 --> 00:07:16,960 Speaker 1: You will not read about it on a museum wall label, 99 00:07:17,200 --> 00:07:21,320 Speaker 1: or in most art history textbooks reviews of their exhibitions 100 00:07:21,440 --> 00:07:23,720 Speaker 1: tend to take care of it. In a sentence or two, 101 00:07:24,560 --> 00:07:27,880 Speaker 1: you would not know that Mendietta's death divided the art 102 00:07:27,880 --> 00:07:32,160 Speaker 1: world in nineteen eighty five, and in many ways still does. 103 00:07:37,640 --> 00:07:40,160 Speaker 1: I'm not the first person to try and tell this story. 104 00:07:40,880 --> 00:07:43,280 Speaker 1: In fact, many of the voices you'll hear in this 105 00:07:43,360 --> 00:07:48,320 Speaker 1: show are from interviews conducted by investigative journalist Robert Katz. 106 00:07:49,120 --> 00:07:51,760 Speaker 1: He published a book in nineteen ninety that remains the 107 00:07:51,840 --> 00:07:56,440 Speaker 1: most comprehensive look into this art world tragedy. He spoke 108 00:07:56,480 --> 00:07:59,800 Speaker 1: with dozens of Anna and Carl's friends in noisy restaurants, 109 00:08:00,000 --> 00:08:03,600 Speaker 1: in parks, in busy offices, and you'll hear the voices 110 00:08:03,640 --> 00:08:06,920 Speaker 1: of some art world insiders on these tapes who have 111 00:08:07,040 --> 00:08:10,960 Speaker 1: since decided not to talk. Most folks don't want to 112 00:08:10,960 --> 00:08:13,760 Speaker 1: discuss what happened that night. They don't want to talk 113 00:08:13,800 --> 00:08:16,600 Speaker 1: about what the ramifications of that night were on the 114 00:08:16,720 --> 00:08:20,200 Speaker 1: art world. They don't want to contemplate what it means 115 00:08:20,440 --> 00:08:23,960 Speaker 1: when a community is torn apart by violence, and they 116 00:08:24,000 --> 00:08:27,400 Speaker 1: don't want to discuss whether or not justice has been served. 117 00:08:28,560 --> 00:08:31,640 Speaker 1: All these different folks not talking for all of their 118 00:08:31,640 --> 00:08:35,320 Speaker 1: different reasons means that a veil of silence started to 119 00:08:35,360 --> 00:08:40,200 Speaker 1: fall over this project. And I can't lie. The more 120 00:08:40,280 --> 00:08:44,280 Speaker 1: silence we encountered, the more sad and frustrated I became, 121 00:08:45,040 --> 00:08:48,240 Speaker 1: And the more silence we encountered, the more I wanted 122 00:08:48,280 --> 00:09:06,920 Speaker 1: to talk. Both Anna Mendietta and Carl Andre were incredible artists. 123 00:09:07,640 --> 00:09:10,160 Speaker 1: This could have been a story about a romance between 124 00:09:10,200 --> 00:09:14,440 Speaker 1: two fascinating people, but their story ends in a nine 125 00:09:14,559 --> 00:09:20,199 Speaker 1: one one call. Those who loved Anna Mendietta loved her fiercely. 126 00:09:21,080 --> 00:09:28,640 Speaker 1: Anna was extremely good company, super interesting, super funny, super lively. 127 00:09:29,360 --> 00:09:33,000 Speaker 1: She was always making plans, making schemes, getting you involved 128 00:09:33,000 --> 00:09:36,880 Speaker 1: in something. She decided that the only way to get 129 00:09:36,880 --> 00:09:39,240 Speaker 1: by in realme was to learn how to curse when 130 00:09:39,240 --> 00:09:41,840 Speaker 1: you drove, and she would like keep her window. She 131 00:09:41,920 --> 00:09:44,640 Speaker 1: told me, the left window down all the time so 132 00:09:44,640 --> 00:09:46,880 Speaker 1: she could put her arm out and flare the finger 133 00:09:47,000 --> 00:09:49,880 Speaker 1: and curse the people and they could hear her. Anna 134 00:09:50,040 --> 00:09:52,680 Speaker 1: was a contradictory. You know, she was a vegetarian, but 135 00:09:52,840 --> 00:09:57,040 Speaker 1: she loved to order stake tartar. She was funny, she 136 00:09:57,160 --> 00:10:00,240 Speaker 1: was engaging, She was very vital. She was a kind 137 00:10:00,240 --> 00:10:03,680 Speaker 1: of person you don't forget, like a lot of people 138 00:10:03,720 --> 00:10:07,840 Speaker 1: who are unforgettable. Even though everybody remembered her, not everyone 139 00:10:08,040 --> 00:10:12,400 Speaker 1: liked her. Her pensiant for pushing boundaries and not giving 140 00:10:12,400 --> 00:10:16,680 Speaker 1: the fuck what anyone else thought, both compelled and sometimes 141 00:10:16,960 --> 00:10:21,520 Speaker 1: irritated people. She was very magnetic. That's be Ruby Rich, 142 00:10:21,880 --> 00:10:24,720 Speaker 1: a prominent film scholar and a good friend of Anna's. 143 00:10:25,559 --> 00:10:29,600 Speaker 1: But she was also, as you may have heard, very 144 00:10:29,760 --> 00:10:33,680 Speaker 1: very argumentative, and so often people would end up in 145 00:10:33,679 --> 00:10:36,240 Speaker 1: a fight with her. But I found her very entertaining 146 00:10:36,240 --> 00:10:40,600 Speaker 1: even then. Anna's art school classmates remembered her early days 147 00:10:40,600 --> 00:10:45,480 Speaker 1: of art making is very experimental, sometimes a little gross, 148 00:10:45,520 --> 00:10:49,280 Speaker 1: sometimes kind of fun. Anna would sneak into the copy 149 00:10:49,360 --> 00:10:53,280 Speaker 1: center and xerox her breasts and her labia. She'd get 150 00:10:53,360 --> 00:10:56,240 Speaker 1: buckets of blood from the butcher and carry them into 151 00:10:56,240 --> 00:10:59,600 Speaker 1: the woods, where she'd strip down, hide parts of her 152 00:10:59,600 --> 00:11:03,280 Speaker 1: body under leaves, and then she'd have her friends blatter 153 00:11:03,360 --> 00:11:07,880 Speaker 1: blood around her and take photos. She got one of 154 00:11:07,920 --> 00:11:10,400 Speaker 1: her friends to trim his beard, and then she glued 155 00:11:10,440 --> 00:11:20,520 Speaker 1: the hair to her own face. In the nineteen seventies, 156 00:11:20,760 --> 00:11:24,000 Speaker 1: art was starting to get radical, and Anna was at 157 00:11:24,000 --> 00:11:31,000 Speaker 1: the forefront. The world was changing. The women's movement the 158 00:11:31,080 --> 00:11:35,640 Speaker 1: anti war movement were in full effect, and those movements 159 00:11:35,679 --> 00:11:39,680 Speaker 1: inspired artists to engage more directly with current events and 160 00:11:39,760 --> 00:11:43,199 Speaker 1: the public. Many artists wanted their art to be outside 161 00:11:43,200 --> 00:11:46,640 Speaker 1: the confines of a museum or a gallery, so they 162 00:11:46,679 --> 00:11:51,079 Speaker 1: staged performances in public spaces and started using non art 163 00:11:51,120 --> 00:11:56,400 Speaker 1: materials borrowed from everyday life. Back then, Manhattan was the 164 00:11:56,520 --> 00:11:59,440 Speaker 1: undisputed center of the art world. It was where the 165 00:11:59,480 --> 00:12:03,720 Speaker 1: action was. Like most young, ambitious artists of the time, 166 00:12:04,160 --> 00:12:07,520 Speaker 1: after finishing her degree in Iowa, Anna made her way 167 00:12:07,559 --> 00:12:11,800 Speaker 1: to New York. There she found a vibrant downtown scene 168 00:12:11,880 --> 00:12:16,000 Speaker 1: dominated by radical artists challenging the status quo of art. 169 00:12:17,520 --> 00:12:20,320 Speaker 1: One of the most important players at the time was 170 00:12:20,360 --> 00:12:27,600 Speaker 1: the already famous sculptor Carl Andre. This question is that art? 171 00:12:27,679 --> 00:12:31,160 Speaker 1: That's always the American and felistine question. How can you 172 00:12:31,240 --> 00:12:35,000 Speaker 1: call that art? And it's easy to call things arts, 173 00:12:35,120 --> 00:12:38,400 Speaker 1: very easy, But the question is is it good or 174 00:12:38,440 --> 00:12:42,960 Speaker 1: bad or useless? And that question is not generally As 175 00:12:44,320 --> 00:12:48,360 Speaker 1: notorious for his genre busting work, Andre looked exactly how 176 00:12:48,360 --> 00:12:51,160 Speaker 1: an artist was supposed to look. He was a stocky 177 00:12:51,200 --> 00:12:55,319 Speaker 1: white man who sported a bohemian beard and more uniform 178 00:12:55,400 --> 00:12:58,959 Speaker 1: of workers overalls. He was a fixture in the boozy 179 00:12:59,040 --> 00:13:03,000 Speaker 1: Soho arts scene. He had a reputation for his intellect, 180 00:13:03,000 --> 00:13:07,199 Speaker 1: his drinking, and his sharply worded opinions, and he helped 181 00:13:07,200 --> 00:13:10,040 Speaker 1: to invent a movement, so much so that he is 182 00:13:10,080 --> 00:13:14,800 Speaker 1: typically referred to as a founding father of minimalism. Andre 183 00:13:14,960 --> 00:13:18,240 Speaker 1: played a central role in defining the visual vocabulary of 184 00:13:18,280 --> 00:13:22,520 Speaker 1: minimalism and essentially redefine the very nature of sculpture itself. 185 00:13:25,679 --> 00:13:29,280 Speaker 1: Minimalism completely dominated the art scene of the late nineteen 186 00:13:29,320 --> 00:13:33,440 Speaker 1: sixties and seventies. Loosely speaking, it's a type of sculpture 187 00:13:33,520 --> 00:13:39,120 Speaker 1: known for its rigorous abstraction and simplicity. Think cubes, rectangles, 188 00:13:39,280 --> 00:13:43,800 Speaker 1: basic geometric forms, all of which were made using industrial 189 00:13:43,880 --> 00:13:49,880 Speaker 1: materials like steel, plywood, and fluorescent tubes. The vibe was cool, intellectual, 190 00:13:50,040 --> 00:13:55,000 Speaker 1: and severe. These minimalist guys, and they were predominantly guys, 191 00:13:55,520 --> 00:14:00,640 Speaker 1: didn't think art was about emotions or pretty pictures. For them, 192 00:14:00,920 --> 00:14:05,160 Speaker 1: art was a philosophical arena, a place to challenge outmoded 193 00:14:05,200 --> 00:14:09,720 Speaker 1: ideas and develop new ones. Today we might call this disruption. 194 00:14:10,600 --> 00:14:16,160 Speaker 1: Back then, it was called the avant garde. Andrea's major 195 00:14:16,200 --> 00:14:20,000 Speaker 1: contribution was to remove sculpture from its pedicial and to 196 00:14:20,080 --> 00:14:23,400 Speaker 1: examine its relation to the floor. There would be no 197 00:14:23,440 --> 00:14:27,320 Speaker 1: more monuments, no heroic reaching for the sky, no guys 198 00:14:27,360 --> 00:14:32,320 Speaker 1: on horseback. Instead, Andrea would make sculpture as close to 199 00:14:32,360 --> 00:14:35,440 Speaker 1: the floor as he could, get, so close that you 200 00:14:35,480 --> 00:14:39,800 Speaker 1: could even walk on them. Similar to Mendietta's use of blood, 201 00:14:40,400 --> 00:14:43,360 Speaker 1: Andrea was playing with a huge taboo in the art world. 202 00:14:44,000 --> 00:14:48,400 Speaker 1: He broke the fundamental rule of don't touch, and in 203 00:14:48,560 --> 00:14:51,800 Speaker 1: doing so, paved the way for a new kind of art, 204 00:14:52,560 --> 00:14:57,640 Speaker 1: and like Mendietta, he inspired strong reactions. Not everyone was 205 00:14:57,680 --> 00:15:01,400 Speaker 1: a fan of either him or his work. I'm not 206 00:15:01,440 --> 00:15:03,840 Speaker 1: sure where they are is in it? They just look 207 00:15:03,960 --> 00:15:08,520 Speaker 1: like tiles. I found him insufferable. He always dressed up 208 00:15:08,520 --> 00:15:11,520 Speaker 1: in his little worker's costume to show a badge of 209 00:15:11,640 --> 00:15:15,560 Speaker 1: being a working class artist, his overalls, which was faintly 210 00:15:15,640 --> 00:15:19,040 Speaker 1: ridiculous by then, as he lived in this luxury building 211 00:15:19,080 --> 00:15:22,240 Speaker 1: with a doorman. I had had little dealings with Andre, 212 00:15:22,480 --> 00:15:26,440 Speaker 1: except to be insulted by imperiodically. Yeah, the nicest personality 213 00:15:26,440 --> 00:15:32,640 Speaker 1: in the world. House. He's always extremely competitive with that 214 00:15:32,840 --> 00:15:36,000 Speaker 1: last voice is Carl LeWitt, wife of the equally famous 215 00:15:36,040 --> 00:15:39,920 Speaker 1: conceptual artist Saul LeWitt, who Carl was friends with for decades. 216 00:15:40,600 --> 00:15:43,040 Speaker 1: If you can't quite hear what she was saying, she 217 00:15:43,160 --> 00:15:48,200 Speaker 1: noted how competitive Carl could be with Saul. Controversy came 218 00:15:48,280 --> 00:15:53,000 Speaker 1: early to Carl Andre. He used everyday building materials such 219 00:15:53,000 --> 00:15:56,720 Speaker 1: as bricks and metal plates, which he typically just placed 220 00:15:56,720 --> 00:16:01,400 Speaker 1: on the floor. Because Andrea's work was not carved, bolted, 221 00:16:01,600 --> 00:16:06,359 Speaker 1: or welded, and was always just simply arranged or placed, 222 00:16:06,960 --> 00:16:10,840 Speaker 1: it inspired as much derision in the popular press as 223 00:16:10,840 --> 00:16:17,680 Speaker 1: it did admiration in the art world when London's most 224 00:16:17,720 --> 00:16:22,080 Speaker 1: important contemporary art museum bought a piece All Held Broke Loose. 225 00:16:22,680 --> 00:16:26,560 Speaker 1: In the nineteen seventies, the Tate acquired a piece by 226 00:16:26,600 --> 00:16:30,800 Speaker 1: Carl Andrea called Equivalent eight low lying piece on the 227 00:16:30,840 --> 00:16:34,280 Speaker 1: ground of fire bricks that are arranged in a grid. 228 00:16:34,760 --> 00:16:38,760 Speaker 1: That's art historian Julie Bryan Wilson, a professor who teaches 229 00:16:38,760 --> 00:16:43,120 Speaker 1: her UC Berkeley students about both Carl Andrea and an Amendetta. 230 00:16:43,640 --> 00:16:47,040 Speaker 1: It became a kind of press scandal how much the 231 00:16:47,120 --> 00:16:50,400 Speaker 1: sculpture was purchased for and how you know it was 232 00:16:50,440 --> 00:16:52,320 Speaker 1: one of these like my kid could do it kind 233 00:16:52,320 --> 00:16:57,000 Speaker 1: of arguments. When an interviewer asked Carl Andrea about it later, 234 00:16:57,160 --> 00:17:01,160 Speaker 1: he seemed amused by the controversy. Publicity is as good 235 00:17:01,160 --> 00:17:04,600 Speaker 1: as good publicity. It's not whether it's nice. I mean, 236 00:17:04,640 --> 00:17:07,160 Speaker 1: if they say it's nice and that's all, that's no good. 237 00:17:07,359 --> 00:17:09,800 Speaker 1: If they go on for hours and hours saying how 238 00:17:09,880 --> 00:17:12,600 Speaker 1: terrible it is, that's good. It's one thing to have 239 00:17:12,680 --> 00:17:16,240 Speaker 1: bravado about the bad press for your artwork. But this 240 00:17:16,280 --> 00:17:20,640 Speaker 1: wouldn't be Andrea's worst brush with the tabloids. But we'll 241 00:17:20,640 --> 00:17:25,880 Speaker 1: get to that later. For the moment, we're still squarely 242 00:17:25,920 --> 00:17:29,240 Speaker 1: in the nineteen seventies, a high flying time for avant 243 00:17:29,240 --> 00:17:32,320 Speaker 1: garde artists who made up a tight knit community that 244 00:17:32,440 --> 00:17:37,320 Speaker 1: revolved around a handful of bars, restaurants, and galleries. Most 245 00:17:37,440 --> 00:17:41,240 Speaker 1: artists were still relatively poor, taking day jobs to make 246 00:17:41,320 --> 00:17:44,679 Speaker 1: ends meet, making art in the after hours, and when 247 00:17:44,760 --> 00:17:47,320 Speaker 1: she first arrived in New York, Anna was one of 248 00:17:47,359 --> 00:17:52,600 Speaker 1: those artists. But a handful of artists became wildly successful 249 00:17:52,720 --> 00:17:55,479 Speaker 1: from the sale of their work, and Carl was one 250 00:17:55,520 --> 00:17:59,080 Speaker 1: of those artists. It was in this heady mixture of 251 00:17:59,160 --> 00:18:02,520 Speaker 1: ideas and art and Booze that Carl and Anna would 252 00:18:02,600 --> 00:18:06,959 Speaker 1: meet in a packed gallery in November nineteen seventy nine. 253 00:18:09,840 --> 00:18:13,280 Speaker 1: But this is no romcom. It's a tragedy, and it 254 00:18:13,359 --> 00:18:19,880 Speaker 1: involves two impressive, complex, flawed humans, two artistic powerhouses who 255 00:18:20,000 --> 00:18:24,720 Speaker 1: changed how we think about art. Anna and Carl's fateful 256 00:18:24,800 --> 00:18:29,360 Speaker 1: meeting would entangle their lives and reputations forever. They would 257 00:18:29,400 --> 00:18:32,480 Speaker 1: become symbolic of so much more that was larger than 258 00:18:32,560 --> 00:18:37,119 Speaker 1: just them as people. They came to represent insider versus outsider, 259 00:18:37,440 --> 00:18:42,320 Speaker 1: male versus female, white versus Latin X, cool and intellectual 260 00:18:42,960 --> 00:18:48,040 Speaker 1: versus bodily and emotional In a way, it's almost too overdetermined. 261 00:18:48,920 --> 00:18:52,160 Speaker 1: But none of this symbolism changes the fact that Anna 262 00:18:52,280 --> 00:18:54,479 Speaker 1: was trying to elbow her way to a seat at 263 00:18:54,480 --> 00:18:58,600 Speaker 1: the table that had already been set for Carl. When 264 00:18:58,640 --> 00:19:01,439 Speaker 1: Anna arrived in New York, she quickly fell in with 265 00:19:01,480 --> 00:19:04,520 Speaker 1: a small coterie of other women artists trying to make 266 00:19:04,520 --> 00:19:08,280 Speaker 1: their way in an incredibly white and male dominated art world. 267 00:19:09,280 --> 00:19:12,600 Speaker 1: She joined a feminist gallery called Ai R, and after 268 00:19:12,640 --> 00:19:15,000 Speaker 1: about a year and a half in Manhattan, Anna was 269 00:19:15,000 --> 00:19:20,040 Speaker 1: ready for her first solo exhibition. She came out of 270 00:19:20,040 --> 00:19:22,679 Speaker 1: the gate strong with a compelling body of work she 271 00:19:22,760 --> 00:19:27,000 Speaker 1: called Silhouetta, the Spanish word for silhouette. The show was 272 00:19:27,040 --> 00:19:29,800 Speaker 1: made up of a suite of photographs hung plainly on 273 00:19:29,880 --> 00:19:33,919 Speaker 1: the wall, no fancy frames, nothing to distract from the image. 274 00:19:34,359 --> 00:19:38,280 Speaker 1: The Silhouetta series had occupied Anna for years. Some of 275 00:19:38,320 --> 00:19:41,760 Speaker 1: the photographs show her lying naked on the earth, covered 276 00:19:41,800 --> 00:19:46,040 Speaker 1: with leaves, flowers, or grass. Others depict the outline of 277 00:19:46,040 --> 00:19:49,680 Speaker 1: a human body pressed into the ground. Still others show 278 00:19:49,680 --> 00:19:54,120 Speaker 1: a mild indentation, a shallow space where a body once lay. 279 00:19:54,680 --> 00:19:57,280 Speaker 1: The press release for the show described her project as 280 00:19:57,359 --> 00:20:01,840 Speaker 1: quote an ongoing dialog between the artist in nature. The 281 00:20:01,920 --> 00:20:10,840 Speaker 1: works were part performance art, part earth art. In order 282 00:20:10,880 --> 00:20:14,200 Speaker 1: to drama attendance on his friend and colleague, the artist 283 00:20:14,280 --> 00:20:18,080 Speaker 1: Nancy Spiro, organized a panel discussion and invited the famous 284 00:20:18,119 --> 00:20:21,760 Speaker 1: Carl Andre to speak. The title of the panel discussion 285 00:20:21,960 --> 00:20:25,240 Speaker 1: was I Kid You Not? How has the women's art 286 00:20:25,280 --> 00:20:29,679 Speaker 1: movement affected male art attitudes? Such was the state of 287 00:20:29,760 --> 00:20:33,359 Speaker 1: feminism in the New York art world circa nineteen seventy nine. 288 00:20:34,280 --> 00:20:37,080 Speaker 1: But the idea worked and the panel drew the crowd 289 00:20:37,119 --> 00:20:41,520 Speaker 1: they were seeking. And then during the talk, something strange 290 00:20:41,600 --> 00:20:45,639 Speaker 1: started to happen to honest photographs. Nancy Spiro told the 291 00:20:45,720 --> 00:20:50,440 Speaker 1: journalist Robert Katz about it, for pictures started popping off 292 00:20:50,520 --> 00:20:55,679 Speaker 1: the wall. What happened was I think that maybe the 293 00:20:55,800 --> 00:20:58,879 Speaker 1: heat of all people in there must have been some 294 00:20:59,080 --> 00:21:04,200 Speaker 1: warping or expand was very bizarre and sold during receiving rate, 295 00:21:04,359 --> 00:21:09,439 Speaker 1: they popped off the love. That was terrible. She was 296 00:21:09,600 --> 00:21:13,520 Speaker 1: very upset about them. This old tape from the nineteen 297 00:21:13,600 --> 00:21:16,600 Speaker 1: eighties is hard to hear, but Nancy is saying that 298 00:21:16,680 --> 00:21:19,600 Speaker 1: honest photographs fell off the wall in the middle of 299 00:21:19,600 --> 00:21:23,560 Speaker 1: the event. After the panel discussion wrapped up, the almost 300 00:21:23,600 --> 00:21:26,879 Speaker 1: always generous Carl took several people out to a Japanese 301 00:21:26,920 --> 00:21:32,760 Speaker 1: restaurant next door, and I think Carl then invited Anna. 302 00:21:33,320 --> 00:21:37,000 Speaker 1: He didn't even know who she was. This is very gracious. 303 00:21:38,160 --> 00:21:41,520 Speaker 1: Nancy and Anna stayed behind to make sure Anna's photos 304 00:21:41,520 --> 00:21:43,800 Speaker 1: were back on the wall, and when they finally joined 305 00:21:43,840 --> 00:21:48,320 Speaker 1: the dinner, Carl paid Anna a lot of attention. Perhaps 306 00:21:48,400 --> 00:21:51,239 Speaker 1: his left wing politics led him to be interested in 307 00:21:51,240 --> 00:21:55,240 Speaker 1: an exile from Cuba. Perhaps he could sense an affinity 308 00:21:55,320 --> 00:21:59,199 Speaker 1: between their art. Both were exploring the horizontal quality of 309 00:21:59,200 --> 00:22:02,000 Speaker 1: the floor, the ground, and the earth as a space 310 00:22:02,040 --> 00:22:07,280 Speaker 1: for sculpture. Perhaps it was just your typical heterosexual shenanigans, 311 00:22:07,600 --> 00:22:12,440 Speaker 1: as Anna was undeniably charismatic and attractive, and Carl had 312 00:22:12,480 --> 00:22:16,840 Speaker 1: the shine of art world, fame and stardom. Anna's friend 313 00:22:17,000 --> 00:22:21,080 Speaker 1: Natalia Delgado thought it was a case of opposites attracting. 314 00:22:21,760 --> 00:22:24,440 Speaker 1: He had a call Mark's type of look, this long 315 00:22:24,520 --> 00:22:28,800 Speaker 1: hair and then a big, full beard wearing overalls, and 316 00:22:28,920 --> 00:22:31,800 Speaker 1: he was so tall and kind of heavy, and Anna, 317 00:22:32,400 --> 00:22:35,000 Speaker 1: she looked very slight compared to him, to look like 318 00:22:35,040 --> 00:22:38,840 Speaker 1: a bear. Here's how Anna's friend, Ella Troiano, a Cuban 319 00:22:38,880 --> 00:22:46,119 Speaker 1: American filmmaker, described her. Anna was small, thin, very pretty, 320 00:22:46,240 --> 00:22:50,840 Speaker 1: very vivacious. She was dark, what somebody would have called 321 00:22:50,880 --> 00:22:54,399 Speaker 1: exotic looking, and she had that kind of look that 322 00:22:54,680 --> 00:23:00,200 Speaker 1: wasn't easily classifiable. And thus began a tangled, on again, 323 00:23:00,280 --> 00:23:05,080 Speaker 1: off again relationship between an older, already legendary and twice 324 00:23:05,119 --> 00:23:08,919 Speaker 1: divorced man and the young, up and coming artist. But 325 00:23:09,080 --> 00:23:12,920 Speaker 1: Natalia felt they made sense together. There was an intellectual 326 00:23:12,920 --> 00:23:16,600 Speaker 1: attraction because of the interest in art, and that was 327 00:23:16,600 --> 00:23:18,919 Speaker 1: a big part of their relationship. I think that she 328 00:23:19,200 --> 00:23:23,600 Speaker 1: admired him because of his accomplishments as an artist, so 329 00:23:23,640 --> 00:23:26,120 Speaker 1: I think that was part of the attraction for her, 330 00:23:26,880 --> 00:23:30,200 Speaker 1: and he also gave her advice, and I think he 331 00:23:30,920 --> 00:23:34,120 Speaker 1: did exposure to artists that were you know, they would 332 00:23:34,119 --> 00:23:36,399 Speaker 1: go to Tuscany and go to have lunch with a 333 00:23:36,480 --> 00:23:39,479 Speaker 1: soula wit and they would get together at a party 334 00:23:39,480 --> 00:23:44,360 Speaker 1: with Frank Stella. Frank Stella was another hugely successful contemporary 335 00:23:44,440 --> 00:23:47,879 Speaker 1: of Carl's. You know, it gave her an exposure to 336 00:23:48,040 --> 00:23:51,720 Speaker 1: people that were really Carl's friends and really stayed as 337 00:23:51,760 --> 00:23:55,400 Speaker 1: Carl's friends, but that she probably would not admit initially 338 00:23:55,840 --> 00:23:59,960 Speaker 1: on her own. As is so often the case for women, 339 00:24:00,320 --> 00:24:04,040 Speaker 1: Anna was frequently described as being ambitious in a way 340 00:24:04,040 --> 00:24:08,480 Speaker 1: that was more accusation than accolade. Even some of her friends, 341 00:24:08,520 --> 00:24:12,520 Speaker 1: like the conceptual artist Louise Camnetzer, made the subtle assumption 342 00:24:12,680 --> 00:24:15,760 Speaker 1: that she got together with Carl for his connections and 343 00:24:15,920 --> 00:24:22,080 Speaker 1: didn't forgive her for entering a marriage situation with somebody 344 00:24:22,320 --> 00:24:27,680 Speaker 1: that was, according to her, very problematic. And I saw 345 00:24:27,680 --> 00:24:32,760 Speaker 1: it as partially a career move, but she definitely was ambitious. 346 00:24:32,760 --> 00:24:39,040 Speaker 1: It wanted to make it that Carl might have been 347 00:24:39,080 --> 00:24:42,320 Speaker 1: equally attracted to her. Rising star energy did not seem 348 00:24:42,359 --> 00:24:46,000 Speaker 1: to enter the equation for anyone, whatever the nuance of 349 00:24:46,040 --> 00:24:49,960 Speaker 1: the attraction. They became an art world couple, taking their 350 00:24:49,960 --> 00:24:52,560 Speaker 1: place in a social circle filled with the big names 351 00:24:52,600 --> 00:24:56,280 Speaker 1: of the Soho art scene at the time. They socialized 352 00:24:56,359 --> 00:24:58,919 Speaker 1: with other couples whose names you might know from the 353 00:24:58,960 --> 00:25:03,320 Speaker 1: walls of Art Museum Saul and Carol LeWitt, Lawrence and 354 00:25:03,400 --> 00:25:08,000 Speaker 1: Alice Weener, Nancy Spiro and Leon golub By all accounts, 355 00:25:08,040 --> 00:25:11,119 Speaker 1: they were feisty, and as was the habit of the time, 356 00:25:11,359 --> 00:25:14,760 Speaker 1: the booze flowed freely at art world openings and dinners, 357 00:25:15,040 --> 00:25:18,919 Speaker 1: fueling the whole scene. Anna was known for mixing her 358 00:25:18,960 --> 00:25:22,719 Speaker 1: wine with water, while Carl like champagne and good wine, 359 00:25:23,680 --> 00:25:29,120 Speaker 1: and after copious amounts of drinking, things could get uncomfortable. 360 00:25:30,440 --> 00:25:33,400 Speaker 1: So on one level we had good discussions, but then 361 00:25:33,480 --> 00:25:38,480 Speaker 1: as they proceeded to get um drunker or things, it 362 00:25:38,680 --> 00:25:44,000 Speaker 1: was just a kind of strange neuonic between them that 363 00:25:44,119 --> 00:25:50,600 Speaker 1: you would witness. They were very loud, yeah yeah, yeah, 364 00:25:50,680 --> 00:25:56,040 Speaker 1: Carl would be very cutting, and then she would be 365 00:25:58,119 --> 00:26:03,960 Speaker 1: more or less no retaliating the girl's way out to 366 00:26:04,000 --> 00:26:06,800 Speaker 1: the point where I didn't like to be with dam 367 00:26:08,440 --> 00:26:10,919 Speaker 1: you know, which is something that I don't didn't feel 368 00:26:10,960 --> 00:26:15,359 Speaker 1: about either of them. Girl can be really quite quite 369 00:26:15,920 --> 00:26:19,439 Speaker 1: nice and wonderful, except when he drinks too much, he 370 00:26:19,760 --> 00:26:25,240 Speaker 1: becomes doctor Jacklin. He would be a difficult to be 371 00:26:25,280 --> 00:26:33,200 Speaker 1: a ring. Like I said, this isn't a rom com. 372 00:26:33,359 --> 00:26:37,320 Speaker 1: Darkness is creeping in. One of Anna's friends could feel 373 00:26:37,320 --> 00:26:41,879 Speaker 1: it coming. I didn't know what to do. How can 374 00:26:41,960 --> 00:26:46,040 Speaker 1: you tell someone someone's going to kill you? That story? 375 00:26:46,680 --> 00:27:03,080 Speaker 1: After the break, Anna would always take me out to 376 00:27:03,119 --> 00:27:07,679 Speaker 1: dinner for my birthday. That's Howard Dina Pindell an artist, 377 00:27:07,920 --> 00:27:11,240 Speaker 1: a co founder of ai R, and a former curator 378 00:27:11,320 --> 00:27:15,159 Speaker 1: at the Museum of Modern Art. In nineteen seventy nine, 379 00:27:15,200 --> 00:27:17,920 Speaker 1: she was in a terrible car accident that left her 380 00:27:17,920 --> 00:27:21,600 Speaker 1: with a head injury and memory issues, and it also 381 00:27:21,760 --> 00:27:26,080 Speaker 1: left her with a high degree of emotional sensitivity. What 382 00:27:26,160 --> 00:27:30,560 Speaker 1: I found was I was somewhat sensitive. I don't want 383 00:27:30,600 --> 00:27:33,920 Speaker 1: to say psychic, but I was sensitive from the injury. 384 00:27:34,280 --> 00:27:36,800 Speaker 1: We were at a restaurant which no longer exists, just 385 00:27:36,920 --> 00:27:39,600 Speaker 1: the three of us, no one else was there. They 386 00:27:39,680 --> 00:27:42,400 Speaker 1: both drank a lot near the end of the meal, 387 00:27:43,520 --> 00:27:46,880 Speaker 1: and it literally just flashed across my mind. Literally, he's 388 00:27:46,920 --> 00:27:50,720 Speaker 1: going to kill her with his hands, and I was stunned. 389 00:27:51,000 --> 00:27:53,679 Speaker 1: And I heard that or felt that thought or whatever. 390 00:27:54,520 --> 00:27:58,120 Speaker 1: I didn't know what to do. How can you tell 391 00:27:58,160 --> 00:28:03,040 Speaker 1: someone someone's going to kill you? And why trust a voice, 392 00:28:03,440 --> 00:28:08,679 Speaker 1: you know, or a thought? So I'm assuming that you 393 00:28:08,760 --> 00:28:11,080 Speaker 1: didn't tell Anna that. There's no way I would have 394 00:28:11,160 --> 00:28:15,879 Speaker 1: told her. I mean, you know you don't you know 395 00:28:15,960 --> 00:28:22,600 Speaker 1: you discount I mean, how can I prove it? Yeah? 396 00:28:22,640 --> 00:28:25,760 Speaker 1: So no, I just felt I couldn't say anything. I 397 00:28:25,880 --> 00:28:27,800 Speaker 1: kind of pushed it into the back of my mind. 398 00:28:29,720 --> 00:28:32,960 Speaker 1: Things have started to get a little woo woo. First 399 00:28:32,960 --> 00:28:35,640 Speaker 1: the photos fall off the wall, and then there's Anna's 400 00:28:35,640 --> 00:28:40,200 Speaker 1: friend Howardina carrying around this awful, terrible vision that Anna's 401 00:28:40,240 --> 00:28:44,640 Speaker 1: life will end in violence. Perhaps Howardina was picking up 402 00:28:44,640 --> 00:28:47,920 Speaker 1: on the energy between Anna and Carl. After all, the 403 00:28:48,000 --> 00:28:51,040 Speaker 1: record shows they had plenty of tension, and one of 404 00:28:51,080 --> 00:28:55,760 Speaker 1: their perennial problems was how they compared professionally. One of 405 00:28:55,840 --> 00:29:00,680 Speaker 1: Anna's closest friends, Natalia Delgado, remembers going to an exhibit 406 00:29:00,720 --> 00:29:03,440 Speaker 1: of one of the most famous art couples of all time, 407 00:29:03,920 --> 00:29:07,960 Speaker 1: Diego Rivera and Frieda Callo. I went to the show 408 00:29:08,000 --> 00:29:12,360 Speaker 1: with Anna and she showed me this painting. There's a 409 00:29:12,440 --> 00:29:17,840 Speaker 1: painting by Frieda Callo of Diego and herself, and Diego's big, 410 00:29:17,880 --> 00:29:22,560 Speaker 1: and Frieda's next to him, and she's quite small by comparison. 411 00:29:22,640 --> 00:29:26,560 Speaker 1: And he said to Anna, this is us, this is us. 412 00:29:28,200 --> 00:29:33,080 Speaker 1: We are Diegoon Frieda. The Calo painting from nineteen thirty 413 00:29:33,080 --> 00:29:37,960 Speaker 1: one is a classic. In it, Frieda paints Diego standing 414 00:29:38,120 --> 00:29:42,600 Speaker 1: ramrod straight, enormous as a redwood, his feet the scale 415 00:29:42,600 --> 00:29:47,800 Speaker 1: of hamhocks, planted solidly on the ground. His gaze, smug 416 00:29:47,840 --> 00:29:51,840 Speaker 1: and confident, engages the viewer directly, and in one hand 417 00:29:51,880 --> 00:29:55,719 Speaker 1: he holds a painter's palette and several brushes. It's a 418 00:29:55,760 --> 00:30:01,560 Speaker 1: consummate image of the great artist, the grand old mass Her. Frieda, 419 00:30:01,680 --> 00:30:04,920 Speaker 1: on the other hand, is birdlike. Her feet are so 420 00:30:05,000 --> 00:30:07,720 Speaker 1: tiny that she almost looks like a doll. Her right 421 00:30:07,760 --> 00:30:11,080 Speaker 1: hand gently touches Diego, while her left hand gathers her 422 00:30:11,120 --> 00:30:15,160 Speaker 1: shawl around her Torso, even though she is the artist 423 00:30:15,200 --> 00:30:19,720 Speaker 1: who painted this picture, she offers herself as wife, companion, 424 00:30:20,080 --> 00:30:24,320 Speaker 1: and accessory to his main event. What did Anna think 425 00:30:24,360 --> 00:30:27,440 Speaker 1: of that comparison? She thought he had a big ego, 426 00:30:27,520 --> 00:30:30,960 Speaker 1: that he was comparing himself to Dior, Riera. That's what 427 00:30:31,040 --> 00:30:34,240 Speaker 1: she said, what an ego? Do you think she felt 428 00:30:34,280 --> 00:30:38,720 Speaker 1: he was rivalrous or threatened? Yes, by her rise? Oh yes. 429 00:30:39,400 --> 00:30:42,760 Speaker 1: And I think that the whole description of he was 430 00:30:42,880 --> 00:30:45,600 Speaker 1: Diego and she was freed to Callo. In a way, 431 00:30:45,600 --> 00:30:47,760 Speaker 1: they looked very much, you know, he looked like Diego 432 00:30:47,960 --> 00:30:51,640 Speaker 1: is big and hefty and she was small and petite. 433 00:30:52,000 --> 00:30:54,400 Speaker 1: Was a way of kind of saying, look, I'm more 434 00:30:54,440 --> 00:30:58,360 Speaker 1: important than you. Diego was still more the more prominent artist. 435 00:30:58,520 --> 00:31:02,240 Speaker 1: And I do think that's how he how he Carl 436 00:31:02,760 --> 00:31:06,760 Speaker 1: wanted it to be. And I do think that was 437 00:31:06,800 --> 00:31:09,680 Speaker 1: an issue for them. And she would say and she'd say, well, Carl, 438 00:31:10,200 --> 00:31:12,760 Speaker 1: you know, my career is on the rise right now. 439 00:31:12,800 --> 00:31:16,560 Speaker 1: And I think that really really rubbed him the wrong way. 440 00:31:17,240 --> 00:31:21,360 Speaker 1: He found that very threatening. It was a prescient comparison. 441 00:31:22,200 --> 00:31:25,640 Speaker 1: In the nineteen eighties, Diego was the hero and Frieda 442 00:31:25,760 --> 00:31:30,080 Speaker 1: was still just a footnote in art history. Diego, like Carl, 443 00:31:30,240 --> 00:31:33,479 Speaker 1: was known for his Marxist politics and his history of 444 00:31:33,560 --> 00:31:37,960 Speaker 1: thumbing his nose at capitalism. Carl had been active in 445 00:31:37,960 --> 00:31:41,040 Speaker 1: the anti war movement and adopted the posture that the 446 00:31:41,240 --> 00:31:45,360 Speaker 1: artist was similar to a day laborer. Diego was the 447 00:31:45,440 --> 00:31:48,680 Speaker 1: muralist who painted the workers rather than the factory owners. 448 00:31:50,560 --> 00:31:54,320 Speaker 1: Both Frieda and Anna in their lifetimes were the lesser 449 00:31:54,440 --> 00:31:59,640 Speaker 1: than partners to their male genius companions. What neither Frieda 450 00:31:59,760 --> 00:32:03,440 Speaker 1: nor Anna could have known was how the tides would 451 00:32:03,560 --> 00:32:07,120 Speaker 1: change and how they would each become the bigger star 452 00:32:07,320 --> 00:32:11,440 Speaker 1: in their own right. But again that's more rushing ahead. 453 00:32:13,320 --> 00:32:17,720 Speaker 1: It's late summer nineteen eighty five. Carl and Anna had 454 00:32:17,720 --> 00:32:21,440 Speaker 1: gotten married in January. They'd been spending most of their 455 00:32:21,440 --> 00:32:23,680 Speaker 1: time in Europe. Then we're just now back in New 456 00:32:23,760 --> 00:32:27,600 Speaker 1: York getting ready to set a house together. Anna was 457 00:32:27,640 --> 00:32:30,320 Speaker 1: going to give up her small apartment in Little Italy 458 00:32:30,640 --> 00:32:34,520 Speaker 1: and move into Carl's place. She asked her friend Marcia 459 00:32:34,560 --> 00:32:37,960 Speaker 1: Pelle's to help her with the move. She told me, 460 00:32:38,720 --> 00:32:40,920 Speaker 1: and we were going to move her stuff. We're gonna 461 00:32:40,920 --> 00:32:43,240 Speaker 1: go out and have a drink and dinner. So you 462 00:32:43,320 --> 00:32:46,480 Speaker 1: were going to move her books on Sunday to Car's aparbum. 463 00:32:47,440 --> 00:32:51,520 Speaker 1: But then she called the album Thursday night. She was 464 00:32:51,680 --> 00:32:55,000 Speaker 1: very upset and she said, I can't talk to you now. 465 00:32:55,400 --> 00:32:59,560 Speaker 1: The plans had changed, but I'm going to be moving 466 00:32:59,600 --> 00:33:05,760 Speaker 1: things from Karl's to my Carl. Anna had changed her plans. 467 00:33:06,560 --> 00:33:09,760 Speaker 1: Instead of moving more of her stuff into Karl's apartment, 468 00:33:10,360 --> 00:33:14,880 Speaker 1: she wanted to move everything out of Carl's apartment. They 469 00:33:14,960 --> 00:33:18,080 Speaker 1: had some kind of fight who are the last by her? 470 00:33:18,760 --> 00:33:22,400 Speaker 1: And she decided that she was been not moving and 471 00:33:22,520 --> 00:33:28,040 Speaker 1: move with samside. We've arrived at the threshold of our 472 00:33:28,200 --> 00:33:36,000 Speaker 1: terrible story. Sunday, September eighth, nineteen eighty five, a mere 473 00:33:36,200 --> 00:33:39,760 Speaker 1: nine months after their wedding. There's a lot we don't 474 00:33:39,800 --> 00:33:43,160 Speaker 1: know about that evening. Here are a few things we 475 00:33:43,240 --> 00:33:47,600 Speaker 1: know for certain. We know that Anna never moved her 476 00:33:47,640 --> 00:33:51,000 Speaker 1: things as she had planned to. We know that the 477 00:33:51,120 --> 00:33:55,880 Speaker 1: unhappy couple spent the evening at Carl's place, an apartment 478 00:33:56,120 --> 00:33:59,960 Speaker 1: on the thirty fourth floor of a relatively new lug 479 00:34:00,040 --> 00:34:05,080 Speaker 1: Jury high rise in Greenwich Village. That night, like New 480 00:34:05,120 --> 00:34:11,320 Speaker 1: Yorkers everywhere, they ordered Chinese food and watched TV. Then, 481 00:34:12,320 --> 00:34:16,160 Speaker 1: sometime after five am, a passer by on the street 482 00:34:16,200 --> 00:34:22,560 Speaker 1: below heard a woman's scream, no, no, no. A moment later, 483 00:34:22,600 --> 00:34:25,000 Speaker 1: there was a sound like an explosion on the roof 484 00:34:25,000 --> 00:34:29,560 Speaker 1: of the deli below Carl's apartment. Anna had fallen from above. 485 00:34:35,400 --> 00:34:40,480 Speaker 1: Carl called nine five twenty nine am. We don't have 486 00:34:40,560 --> 00:34:43,840 Speaker 1: the tape of that call. After the verdict, the whole 487 00:34:43,880 --> 00:34:48,160 Speaker 1: trial record, including the call, was sealed, but a reporter 488 00:34:48,280 --> 00:34:52,040 Speaker 1: who heard it played at trial said Carl Andre's voice 489 00:34:52,120 --> 00:34:56,759 Speaker 1: was distressed that he wailed, and thus his explanation was 490 00:34:56,840 --> 00:35:01,520 Speaker 1: interrupted with cries and moans. You've asked voice actors to 491 00:35:01,600 --> 00:35:12,440 Speaker 1: read parts of the transcript of the nine one one call. Again, 492 00:35:12,840 --> 00:35:17,160 Speaker 1: my wife has committed suicide. Carl gives the address his 493 00:35:17,239 --> 00:35:19,920 Speaker 1: phone number and says they're on the thirty fourth floor. 494 00:35:20,719 --> 00:35:26,080 Speaker 1: The operator asks what happened exactly? Yeah, what happened was 495 00:35:26,960 --> 00:35:30,120 Speaker 1: we had a My wife is an artist and I'm 496 00:35:30,160 --> 00:35:33,040 Speaker 1: an artist, and we had a quarrel about the fact 497 00:35:33,080 --> 00:35:36,000 Speaker 1: that I was more exposed to the public than she 498 00:35:36,160 --> 00:35:39,359 Speaker 1: wasn't She went to the bedroom and I went after her, 499 00:35:39,400 --> 00:35:43,040 Speaker 1: and she went out of the window. So she jumped 500 00:35:43,080 --> 00:35:45,319 Speaker 1: out of the window. How long ago did this happen? Well, 501 00:35:45,320 --> 00:35:46,920 Speaker 1: I don't know, I don't know. I don't know, I 502 00:35:47,160 --> 00:35:50,040 Speaker 1: don't know it was I don't I don't know. They 503 00:35:50,120 --> 00:35:53,319 Speaker 1: talked for several more seconds. Did it happen recently? Did 504 00:35:53,360 --> 00:35:56,560 Speaker 1: it happen just now? Oh, it happened just now. I mean, 505 00:35:56,600 --> 00:36:01,320 Speaker 1: I can't I can't tell you about way the building 506 00:36:01,360 --> 00:36:04,200 Speaker 1: and yeah, I don't know it's it. I can, I can, 507 00:36:04,680 --> 00:36:22,240 Speaker 1: I can help. In September of nineteen eighty five, I 508 00:36:22,280 --> 00:36:26,440 Speaker 1: was a sophomore in college in Albany, New York. I 509 00:36:26,520 --> 00:36:29,640 Speaker 1: had already walked on top of one of carl Andre's sculptures. 510 00:36:30,080 --> 00:36:32,840 Speaker 1: They were installed in nearly every museum in the country. 511 00:36:33,520 --> 00:36:35,520 Speaker 1: I'd be lying if I didn't tell you how much 512 00:36:35,560 --> 00:36:39,239 Speaker 1: I love them. I was completely turned on by their 513 00:36:39,320 --> 00:36:43,920 Speaker 1: taboo breaking fuck you energy. The severity of his metal 514 00:36:43,960 --> 00:36:47,240 Speaker 1: plates lying on the floor in a simple checkerboard pattern 515 00:36:47,760 --> 00:36:51,280 Speaker 1: almost struck me as punk in my younger Brasher years. 516 00:36:52,719 --> 00:36:56,440 Speaker 1: I didn't learn about Anna Mendietta until years after her death, 517 00:36:56,960 --> 00:37:00,399 Speaker 1: when I was well into graduate school, and even then 518 00:37:00,440 --> 00:37:03,520 Speaker 1: I learned about her from a fellow student, not through 519 00:37:03,560 --> 00:37:07,960 Speaker 1: any of my professors. I was trained by art historians 520 00:37:07,960 --> 00:37:10,839 Speaker 1: who believe the prime directive was to separate the life 521 00:37:10,840 --> 00:37:13,719 Speaker 1: of the artist from their work. This meant no one 522 00:37:13,800 --> 00:37:16,920 Speaker 1: ever said that Carl Andre was married to Anna Mendietta, 523 00:37:17,600 --> 00:37:21,640 Speaker 1: much less that he was accused of murdering her. Top 524 00:37:21,760 --> 00:37:24,279 Speaker 1: that off with the fact that Anna Mendietta was a 525 00:37:24,360 --> 00:37:28,600 Speaker 1: Cuban immigrant showing at a feminist gallery, working with blood, 526 00:37:29,000 --> 00:37:31,480 Speaker 1: making work that summoned the idea of the Earth goddess. 527 00:37:32,280 --> 00:37:35,840 Speaker 1: Nothing could have been less cool in my philosophically inclined 528 00:37:35,960 --> 00:37:42,640 Speaker 1: education that privileged theory over feeling. But during the first 529 00:37:42,640 --> 00:37:45,520 Speaker 1: two decades of the twenty first century, the world changed 530 00:37:45,560 --> 00:37:48,840 Speaker 1: a lot and fast, and I think I did too. 531 00:37:49,400 --> 00:37:51,160 Speaker 1: You know, if I had a Sonny looked like Trebon 532 00:37:52,719 --> 00:37:56,040 Speaker 1: at this moment, and where we are right now is 533 00:37:56,080 --> 00:37:59,399 Speaker 1: a resurgence from where the civil rights movement left off. 534 00:37:59,520 --> 00:38:02,720 Speaker 1: President Trump is defending a temporary travel band for seven 535 00:38:02,800 --> 00:38:06,680 Speaker 1: Muslim majority countries as a monument of Thousands of women 536 00:38:06,719 --> 00:38:10,320 Speaker 1: are using two words on social media to identify themselves 537 00:38:10,320 --> 00:38:14,960 Speaker 1: as survivors of sexual harassment and assault. Today it's hashtag 538 00:38:15,400 --> 00:38:23,000 Speaker 1: me too. I found myself thinking about Anna because she 539 00:38:23,200 --> 00:38:25,040 Speaker 1: did go on to become a free to call a 540 00:38:25,160 --> 00:38:29,560 Speaker 1: like figure, more powerful after her death than before, larger 541 00:38:29,600 --> 00:38:34,719 Speaker 1: than life. Revered. Scores of artists, mostly women, studied her, 542 00:38:35,200 --> 00:38:39,280 Speaker 1: reenacted her performances, paid homage to her with their own work. 543 00:38:40,080 --> 00:38:44,120 Speaker 1: They make pilgrimages to the important sites of her life Havana, 544 00:38:44,480 --> 00:38:49,640 Speaker 1: Iowa City, Rome, Greenwich Village and over the years, I 545 00:38:49,719 --> 00:38:53,040 Speaker 1: came to love Anna Mendieta's art because it felt so urgent, 546 00:38:53,400 --> 00:38:57,480 Speaker 1: so relevant, because politics did start to feel personal and 547 00:38:57,640 --> 00:39:02,959 Speaker 1: identity does matter. But could I love Mendieta's work well 548 00:39:03,040 --> 00:39:07,200 Speaker 1: also still being a fan of Carl Andres sculptures? Or 549 00:39:07,239 --> 00:39:11,359 Speaker 1: did I have to choose sides? It felt like the 550 00:39:11,440 --> 00:39:14,960 Speaker 1: only way to answer that question was by asking another 551 00:39:16,200 --> 00:39:21,319 Speaker 1: what really happened the night Anna died? I wondered what 552 00:39:21,520 --> 00:39:24,000 Speaker 1: we might be able to learn if we returned to 553 00:39:24,040 --> 00:39:29,120 Speaker 1: her story. When we first started making this podcast, I 554 00:39:29,160 --> 00:39:32,640 Speaker 1: assumed folks would want to talk about what happened between 555 00:39:32,680 --> 00:39:38,239 Speaker 1: Anna and Carl Man. Was I wrong? I don't want 556 00:39:38,280 --> 00:39:42,680 Speaker 1: to like badger you. You know what I mean? Right right? 557 00:39:44,160 --> 00:39:47,640 Speaker 1: May I ask you what you think the harm would 558 00:39:47,760 --> 00:39:52,040 Speaker 1: be a lot of my calls went like that. I 559 00:39:52,040 --> 00:39:55,279 Speaker 1: obviously wish we saw eye to eye on this one. 560 00:39:55,480 --> 00:39:58,440 Speaker 1: Thank you very much. I appreciate the time. Okay, bye. 561 00:39:59,520 --> 00:40:02,640 Speaker 1: Silence was starting to feel like a main character in 562 00:40:02,719 --> 00:40:07,279 Speaker 1: this story. Perhaps some art world insiders just want to 563 00:40:07,280 --> 00:40:10,920 Speaker 1: protect their own professional relationships with Carl Andre or with 564 00:40:11,000 --> 00:40:13,879 Speaker 1: the art dealers he's tight with. But it's not just 565 00:40:13,960 --> 00:40:17,760 Speaker 1: those who are loyal to Carl who remain quiet. Many 566 00:40:17,760 --> 00:40:21,399 Speaker 1: of Anna's friends also no longer want to talk. Quite 567 00:40:21,400 --> 00:40:24,799 Speaker 1: a few folks turned us down, citing reasons ranging from 568 00:40:24,840 --> 00:40:28,000 Speaker 1: busy schedules to not wanting to revisit the pain, to 569 00:40:28,160 --> 00:40:31,879 Speaker 1: not wanting to discuss Carl and Anna's relationship. We also 570 00:40:31,920 --> 00:40:34,919 Speaker 1: tried to talk to the estate of Annamandietta, even though 571 00:40:34,920 --> 00:40:38,040 Speaker 1: it's well known that they don't participate in conversations that 572 00:40:38,160 --> 00:40:41,920 Speaker 1: include Carl Andre. They prefer the focus to be solely 573 00:40:42,040 --> 00:40:45,719 Speaker 1: on Annamandietta's artwork. The more I thought about all the 574 00:40:45,760 --> 00:40:48,759 Speaker 1: different reasons people have for not wanting to talk, the 575 00:40:48,880 --> 00:40:52,200 Speaker 1: more I felt that the silence wasn't only protecting Carl Andre. 576 00:40:53,040 --> 00:40:58,440 Speaker 1: There were so many other ideas at stake. I was 577 00:40:58,480 --> 00:41:02,760 Speaker 1: in a community at odds with itself, unresolved about gendered 578 00:41:02,760 --> 00:41:07,040 Speaker 1: power dynamics, unsure of the boundaries between private and public, 579 00:41:07,560 --> 00:41:12,480 Speaker 1: and ultimately divided on whether it wanted institutional stability or 580 00:41:12,520 --> 00:41:16,960 Speaker 1: cultural change. As frustrating as it was to get turned 581 00:41:17,000 --> 00:41:20,759 Speaker 1: away over and over, honestly, it kind of lit a 582 00:41:20,760 --> 00:41:24,839 Speaker 1: fire in me. The more silence we encountered, the more 583 00:41:24,880 --> 00:41:27,480 Speaker 1: I felt like there was something important to say about 584 00:41:27,560 --> 00:41:31,879 Speaker 1: that silence. I keep coming back to Anna Mendieta's work. 585 00:41:32,560 --> 00:41:35,400 Speaker 1: The Moffett Building piece was just one in a series 586 00:41:35,440 --> 00:41:38,520 Speaker 1: of pieces she made with blood where she invited people 587 00:41:38,760 --> 00:41:41,240 Speaker 1: to look at the blood, to look at the violence. 588 00:41:42,600 --> 00:41:45,719 Speaker 1: Some people say Anna was morbid, that maybe she had 589 00:41:45,760 --> 00:41:48,399 Speaker 1: a death wish, But that's not what I see when 590 00:41:48,440 --> 00:41:53,000 Speaker 1: I look at her work. The Moffatt Building piece, really 591 00:41:53,040 --> 00:41:55,759 Speaker 1: all of her work with blood, It's not about her, 592 00:41:56,400 --> 00:42:01,080 Speaker 1: It's about you. It's about us. Her work is asking 593 00:42:01,160 --> 00:42:04,480 Speaker 1: us to stop and pay attention. It's asking us to 594 00:42:04,520 --> 00:42:08,960 Speaker 1: bear witness, to look, to not walk by, to open 595 00:42:09,040 --> 00:42:20,200 Speaker 1: the door. And that's what we're going to do. Coming 596 00:42:20,280 --> 00:42:22,640 Speaker 1: up on death of an artist, the story of what 597 00:42:22,719 --> 00:42:26,800 Speaker 1: happened after Carl's nine one one call. How could Carl, 598 00:42:26,840 --> 00:42:29,600 Speaker 1: who represented the purity of the desire, how could he 599 00:42:29,640 --> 00:42:32,040 Speaker 1: have done such an act like that? He had two 600 00:42:32,040 --> 00:42:35,800 Speaker 1: different stories, and we confronted him on that. Carl's attorney 601 00:42:35,920 --> 00:42:40,719 Speaker 1: basically based his analysis of why she might have committed 602 00:42:40,840 --> 00:42:44,520 Speaker 1: suicide on Santia, on voodoo. There was a sense of 603 00:42:44,640 --> 00:42:51,359 Speaker 1: someone this tough, this strong, this brilliant as Anna could 604 00:42:51,400 --> 00:42:54,080 Speaker 1: be killed, then any of us could be killed. Well, 605 00:42:54,160 --> 00:42:56,960 Speaker 1: sometimes people would scream at you on the street. It 606 00:42:57,160 --> 00:43:00,239 Speaker 1: was quite a confrontational things and why it's still anger 607 00:43:00,400 --> 00:43:04,959 Speaker 1: so many artists today. I just started tweeting like there 608 00:43:04,960 --> 00:43:22,560 Speaker 1: will be blood. Death of an Artist is a co 609 00:43:22,719 --> 00:43:27,560 Speaker 1: production between Pushkin Industries, Something Else and Sony Music Entertainment. 610 00:43:28,040 --> 00:43:32,359 Speaker 1: Written and hosted by me Helen Mouldsworth. Executive producers are 611 00:43:32,400 --> 00:43:37,200 Speaker 1: Lizzie Jacobs, Tom kinig Blee, Talmulaud, Jacob Weissberg and Lucas Werner. 612 00:43:37,600 --> 00:43:42,440 Speaker 1: Produced by Maria Luisa Tucker, editing by Lizzie Jacobs. Our 613 00:43:42,520 --> 00:43:47,279 Speaker 1: managing producer is Jacob Smith. Associate producers are Poodrou and 614 00:43:47,360 --> 00:43:52,440 Speaker 1: Eloise Linton. Additional production helped by Tally Abacassas, Voice acting 615 00:43:52,440 --> 00:43:56,400 Speaker 1: by Nick Brain and David Glover. Anna Mendieta's quotes were 616 00:43:56,480 --> 00:44:01,280 Speaker 1: read by Tanya Burgera, engineered by Sam Bear, fact checking 617 00:44:01,320 --> 00:44:06,160 Speaker 1: by Andrea Lopez Crusado. Our theme song is by Pooge Rue. 618 00:44:15,680 --> 00:44:19,000 Speaker 1: If you love this show, consider subscribing to Pushkin Plus 619 00:44:19,040 --> 00:44:22,440 Speaker 1: to listen early, add free and get exclusive bonus content. 620 00:44:22,840 --> 00:44:25,840 Speaker 1: Look for the Pushkin Plus channel on Apple Podcasts or 621 00:44:25,880 --> 00:44:30,000 Speaker 1: at pushkin dot Fm. Find more great podcasts from Sony 622 00:44:30,120 --> 00:44:34,280 Speaker 1: Music Entertainment. At sonymusic dot com. Backslash podcasts,