WEBVTT - The Skinny on Probiotics 0:00:01.040 --> 0:00:04.240 Welcome to you stuff you should know from house Stuff 0:00:04.240 --> 0:00:12.559 Works dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm 0:00:12.640 --> 0:00:15.440 Josh Clark with Charles W. Chuck Bryant from Jerry, This 0:00:15.520 --> 0:00:23.040 is Snow. No guest producer, No Ben Bolan, just us. 0:00:24.040 --> 0:00:27.200 That really got into your crowd? And what the three 0:00:27.280 --> 0:00:30.600 D printing? Frank, What I don't know that prank? Ben 0:00:30.640 --> 0:00:34.280 Bolan sitting in for you? Oh that yeah, how many 0:00:34.280 --> 0:00:35.920 pranks have you pulled? No, no, I didn't know. I 0:00:35.920 --> 0:00:38.120 didn't know it was three D printing. I thought he 0:00:38.240 --> 0:00:41.000 printed something for me. No, no, no, I thought that 0:00:41.080 --> 0:00:43.760 was great. I thought it was pretty fun. Yeah, you 0:00:43.800 --> 0:00:47.400 know what, I'm looking forward to. What are Christmas episode? 0:00:47.680 --> 0:00:51.519 In our Halloween episode? Because those two no one can 0:00:51.600 --> 0:00:55.080 complain about. There are no sides to be taken. Oh, 0:00:55.160 --> 0:00:58.720 you guys seem to favor Christmas in the Christmas episode. 0:00:59.280 --> 0:01:01.200 You're a very new true about it. Yeah, those are 0:01:01.280 --> 0:01:05.080 definitely we love those episodes. We do or like anything 0:01:05.120 --> 0:01:08.000 on like Plato or Spammer or we didn't do Plato yet, 0:01:08.040 --> 0:01:11.240 did we. No, it's in the queue. Yeah, it's coming. Yeah, 0:01:11.319 --> 0:01:15.600 it's supposedly very neat stuff. That's right. I was deprived 0:01:15.640 --> 0:01:17.840 as a child that was not allowed to play with toys. 0:01:18.600 --> 0:01:21.560 But I just sit in a room quietly for the 0:01:21.640 --> 0:01:26.400 first twelve years of my life. A little Albert I wish. Yeah, yeah, 0:01:26.440 --> 0:01:29.039 at least he got to be exposed to rabbits and 0:01:29.040 --> 0:01:31.880 stuff like that. Speaking of you know, I did a 0:01:31.959 --> 0:01:36.200 video on little Albert. Oh yeah, don't be dumb. No 0:01:36.319 --> 0:01:39.679 on psychology is nuts? Okay. Oh and speaking of video, 0:01:40.120 --> 0:01:42.919 what a perfect segue. We have a new video series 0:01:42.959 --> 0:01:46.520 out called Studio Show Notes. And if you've ever wanted 0:01:46.560 --> 0:01:48.840 to get inside the studio with this, this is the 0:01:48.880 --> 0:01:53.160 best way to do it. Yeah. That or win a contest. Yeah, 0:01:53.160 --> 0:01:54.760 we like bring the cameras in here, and we talk 0:01:54.800 --> 0:01:56.960 about like some newsy things. It's usually a news item 0:01:57.000 --> 0:01:59.480 that relates to a past show or if there's an 0:01:59.560 --> 0:02:03.320 update or a correction. And it's short and sweet and uh, 0:02:03.520 --> 0:02:09.320 that's short. It's cool. No, it's sweet. It's tangy. Yeah, 0:02:09.200 --> 0:02:12.760 short and tangy. Yeah, it's good. Yes. So the Studio 0:02:12.840 --> 0:02:14.600 Show Notes. Yeah, And you can go to our YouTube 0:02:14.680 --> 0:02:18.000 channel search Josh and Chuck and YouTube. Check those out 0:02:18.040 --> 0:02:19.760 and don't be done. We've got some good videos going 0:02:19.800 --> 0:02:23.399 lately and psychology is nuts, right, thanks man? Yeah, so 0:02:24.120 --> 0:02:30.040 now onto probiotics, Chuck, Yes, you remember when we went 0:02:30.080 --> 0:02:33.640 to Guatemala. Yeah, you and Jerry both took probiotics. I 0:02:33.639 --> 0:02:36.640 think I had a timed into it. I did, and 0:02:36.680 --> 0:02:39.359 it did nothing to help you. There was a Jerry 0:02:39.360 --> 0:02:42.160 which one if you got sick? Oh, I did, yes, 0:02:42.240 --> 0:02:46.320 because of the ice and the rum drinks. Think. I 0:02:46.400 --> 0:02:48.920 closed my mouth in the shower, did everything right all week, 0:02:49.000 --> 0:02:52.600 and that last night I went crazy at a dance 0:02:52.600 --> 0:02:58.960 club and drank ice y with alcohol. Man, that's crazy. Yeah, 0:02:58.960 --> 0:03:00.680 I wouldn't trade it though. That was like one of 0:03:00.720 --> 0:03:03.320 the best nights. How long are you sick for? I 0:03:03.360 --> 0:03:04.920 don't remember, but I had what do they call it? 0:03:05.000 --> 0:03:08.640 The gut? Chuck late, that's so gross? Is so gross? 0:03:08.800 --> 0:03:13.200 That's so gross. It tore me up. Luckily it was 0:03:13.280 --> 0:03:16.400 after I'd gotten back home because I could not imagine. 0:03:16.440 --> 0:03:18.000 I remember thinking at the time, Man, if I was 0:03:18.000 --> 0:03:21.640 in Guatemala suffering through this right now, I would be miserable. Yeah, 0:03:21.720 --> 0:03:23.320 because I'd be missing out on the trip from our 0:03:23.360 --> 0:03:27.720 friends at at the Cooperative for Education co ed dot org. 0:03:28.680 --> 0:03:33.880 The question remains, thought, Well, no, I know you took probiotics, 0:03:33.880 --> 0:03:35.800 but the question remains, like, did it help you? Did 0:03:35.840 --> 0:03:39.720 it shorten the duration of your travelers diarrhea? Have no 0:03:39.760 --> 0:03:43.360 idea what someone called? No, you don't. No one knows 0:03:43.400 --> 0:03:50.480 because probiotics, although very intuitive, isn't backed up with science. 0:03:51.240 --> 0:03:54.920 Not not yet. Yeah, a little bit. Uh, and we'll 0:03:54.960 --> 0:03:58.240 we'll get to findings. But um, yeah, I don't want 0:03:58.240 --> 0:03:59.800 to spoil it yet. We'll get to that later. No, 0:04:00.080 --> 0:04:03.080 but again, it's extremely intuitive. It makes a lot of sense. 0:04:03.480 --> 0:04:13.160 Probiotics means for life or good life in favor of life. Yeah. Um, 0:04:13.200 --> 0:04:18.240 it's the idea and the practice of taking bacteria that's 0:04:18.279 --> 0:04:22.080 been proven or suggested to be beneficial to the health 0:04:22.120 --> 0:04:26.159 of our guts um and ingesting it like either in 0:04:26.200 --> 0:04:30.120 a pill form or in certain types of food. Yeah. 0:04:30.400 --> 0:04:32.479 Northern Europe and Japan have been big on this for 0:04:32.520 --> 0:04:34.640 a while. Yeah. As a matter of fact, the whole 0:04:34.680 --> 0:04:40.039 concept of eating bacteria to improve health rather than contracting 0:04:40.080 --> 0:04:44.560 disease comes from Europe, comes from Central Europe or Eastern Europe. 0:04:44.839 --> 0:04:48.920 There's a Nobel Prize winner and his name was Eli. 0:04:49.920 --> 0:04:57.240 Uh what is it nice um? And mansh Nikov said Russian. Yeah, 0:04:57.320 --> 0:05:01.240 but he was studying Bulgarians. He was studying the longevity 0:05:01.240 --> 0:05:04.120 of Bulgarian peasants, and Bulgarian peasants were known to eat 0:05:04.400 --> 0:05:09.000 a fermented milk product called caelo mil yaco, which is 0:05:09.040 --> 0:05:13.400 sheep's milk yogurt, known colloquially here in the US is 0:05:13.480 --> 0:05:17.400 Bulgarian sour milk, and it's a fermented milk product. Sounds 0:05:18.160 --> 0:05:20.159 it does, but all that, it's pretty tasty. It's probably 0:05:20.200 --> 0:05:24.680 like keffer. I've never had that either. It's not bad. 0:05:25.240 --> 0:05:29.880 It's like it's like a much more liquid e Greek yogurt. Okay. 0:05:29.920 --> 0:05:31.800 I definitely though if if I had a hot day 0:05:31.880 --> 0:05:34.600 working in the yard and then it's about some Bulgarian 0:05:34.600 --> 0:05:39.159 sour milk it's room temperature, yeah no, you would not 0:05:39.240 --> 0:05:44.040 want to do that. But after a m you just 0:05:44.080 --> 0:05:48.120 eat it. Okay, your Bulgarian, your balky bartacamus now and 0:05:48.240 --> 0:05:51.719 you are living forever because you've been eating Bulgarian sour 0:05:51.839 --> 0:05:55.440 milk for your whole life. So minch Nikof was studying 0:05:55.480 --> 0:05:57.800 this at the beginning of the twentieth century, and in 0:05:57.880 --> 0:06:01.039 around nine I think around ninety seven he published this 0:06:01.040 --> 0:06:03.559 whole idea like wait a minute, I figured it out. 0:06:03.920 --> 0:06:10.240 There is a fermented or fermenting bacteria called lacto bacillus 0:06:11.440 --> 0:06:16.440 that basically produces lactic acid during the fermentation process, and 0:06:17.560 --> 0:06:20.560 it's in this food stuff, and if you eat this 0:06:20.600 --> 0:06:24.039 food stuff, you will gain health benefits from it. And 0:06:24.120 --> 0:06:28.240 everybody was like, shut up, you crazy Russian. You're probably 0:06:28.279 --> 0:06:31.040 friends with rescipute or something, and we're not going to 0:06:31.160 --> 0:06:34.320 listen to you. But it turns out he was totally right. Well, yeah, 0:06:34.360 --> 0:06:37.160 I think he was like, these are Bulgarian peasants. They 0:06:37.160 --> 0:06:41.280 should not be this healthy, you know, because they don't 0:06:41.320 --> 0:06:44.480 have all the benefits of living in a different place 0:06:44.480 --> 0:06:46.000 and having a lot of wealth. Now, and you saw 0:06:46.040 --> 0:06:50.560 perfect strangers like BALKI was not risk averse, accident prone. 0:06:50.720 --> 0:06:52.559 There are a lot of reasons you shouldn't have been alive, 0:06:52.720 --> 0:06:57.040 see Bulgarian. I think. So I didn't watch it? What 0:06:57.560 --> 0:07:01.120 I didn't watch it? I know the show, but I 0:07:01.160 --> 0:07:05.240 didn't watch it. You should go back and watch it. Yeah, yeah, yeah, 0:07:05.520 --> 0:07:09.360 cut show. I like the dude and the other guy too. Yeah. 0:07:09.400 --> 0:07:10.960 I don't know why I didn't watch it becausin what 0:07:11.080 --> 0:07:14.960 year was that? Yeah, mid late eighties, like eighties, seven 0:07:15.000 --> 0:07:18.160 eighty eight. I was watching Moonlighting. You could have watched 0:07:18.160 --> 0:07:20.280 them both. I don't think they were on in different 0:07:20.280 --> 0:07:24.200 time slots. You remember the time slot, dude, the one 0:07:24.200 --> 0:07:29.520 where they have to move a piano upstairs. Classic it is. 0:07:29.880 --> 0:07:31.640 It's great TV. But I guess did they get it 0:07:31.680 --> 0:07:33.200 all the way to the top and it rolled back 0:07:33.240 --> 0:07:37.160 on somebody? I think that happened in the middle oh man. Yeah. 0:07:38.680 --> 0:07:43.120 So anyway, Um, Mitchtikov publishes his findings, they go largely 0:07:43.160 --> 0:07:46.560 ignored and um. Around the same time, actually, a few 0:07:46.640 --> 0:07:50.160 years before, there was a Frenchman named ri ti A 0:07:50.760 --> 0:07:56.160 and in he started studying the poop of healthy breastfed 0:07:56.200 --> 0:08:01.280 infants and he noticed that the healthiest ones all had 0:08:01.360 --> 0:08:05.920 something called what he called bifido bacterium. So why shape 0:08:05.920 --> 0:08:11.320 Graham negative bacteria? And uh he said, you know what, 0:08:11.520 --> 0:08:15.320 I think this is linked to health. And again no 0:08:15.320 --> 0:08:17.280 one listened to him because at the time it was like, 0:08:17.560 --> 0:08:20.440 we're all happy with germ theory. Yeah that sounds that 0:08:20.520 --> 0:08:23.040 was probably like magic. This flies in the face of 0:08:23.080 --> 0:08:26.200 germ theories, like, yeah, we agree, there's little tiny things around, 0:08:26.200 --> 0:08:29.000 but they're trying to kill us. They're not making us healthier. Well, 0:08:29.040 --> 0:08:31.840 these two guys said, yes they are, and they provided 0:08:31.880 --> 0:08:36.920 the basis for probiotics, which still today. The two types 0:08:36.960 --> 0:08:41.800 of probiotics, the two genera of probiotics that are UM 0:08:41.960 --> 0:08:47.040 that are viewed as beneficial are lack of basilus and bacteria. Yeah, 0:08:47.040 --> 0:08:48.800 it's crazy that they were onto this way back then 0:08:49.200 --> 0:08:52.920 and now it's becoming a very trendy thing. And uh, 0:08:52.960 --> 0:08:54.520 if you go to buy a supplement, they say to 0:08:54.600 --> 0:08:58.960 look for like at least so many billion of those 0:08:59.000 --> 0:09:04.760 two strains. One billion is the minimum amount, but they 0:09:04.800 --> 0:09:07.760 recommend much more than that, Like Emily takes ones. It's 0:09:07.800 --> 0:09:11.160 like fifteen billion. Because and we'll get into this too, 0:09:11.280 --> 0:09:16.000 you can't necessarily count on all those fifteen billion being 0:09:16.080 --> 0:09:19.000 alive by the time they hit your intestines, I know, 0:09:19.800 --> 0:09:21.640 but we'll get to that. Although it's sort of just 0:09:23.640 --> 0:09:27.120 so let's let's talk about UM probiotics in general. Like 0:09:27.160 --> 0:09:30.800 the World Health Organization, like you said, Europe and Japan 0:09:31.480 --> 0:09:35.360 have been hip to the probiotics for a while UM 0:09:35.440 --> 0:09:39.000 and the World Health Organization created a definition that's just 0:09:39.160 --> 0:09:43.320 out of this world. Live microorganisms, which, when administered in 0:09:43.400 --> 0:09:47.280 adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. That 0:09:47.400 --> 0:09:49.920 sounds on the host to say the person, right and 0:09:50.000 --> 0:09:53.960 live organisms like you could that could be possums. Yeah, 0:09:54.240 --> 0:09:57.120 but the need of possums that doesn't confer health in 0:09:57.160 --> 0:09:59.040 a bit, Well, there's only one way to find out 0:09:59.120 --> 0:10:01.120 if it does or not. Yeah, yeah, haven't tried it. 0:10:01.760 --> 0:10:05.000 And like we said these days, um, it's in a 0:10:05.000 --> 0:10:07.280 lot of food products. Um, A lot of people are 0:10:07.280 --> 0:10:10.320 on the supplement plan though, just to take him in 0:10:10.360 --> 0:10:13.280 a capsule form, right, But when you add something like 0:10:13.320 --> 0:10:16.000 a probiotic to food, you create what's called in the 0:10:16.040 --> 0:10:18.800 industry a functional food. And there's a bit of problem 0:10:18.840 --> 0:10:21.960 with functional foods in that they have made a lot 0:10:22.000 --> 0:10:26.520 of claims because they're not regulated by the f d A. Uh, 0:10:26.559 --> 0:10:29.439 and so they can say certain things they can't say 0:10:29.480 --> 0:10:32.360 other things. And like, um, I guess we can go 0:10:32.360 --> 0:10:35.160 ahead and say because it's public news. Dan and who 0:10:35.200 --> 0:10:38.800 made Activia. Um, we all saw the commercials with Jamie 0:10:38.880 --> 0:10:43.280 Lee Curtis. Just one serving will make your regular. Um. 0:10:43.400 --> 0:10:45.040 I even worked on a photo shoot for I just 0:10:45.080 --> 0:10:49.280 remembered that now with her for Activita for Activia way 0:10:49.320 --> 0:10:52.520 back in the day. And uh, she got mad because 0:10:52.600 --> 0:10:55.400 the PA was taking pictures of her like mad, mad 0:10:55.920 --> 0:10:59.240 she wasn't very nice about it. What did she say? Um, well, 0:10:59.280 --> 0:11:01.360 I was just doing that p A thing where you know, 0:11:01.440 --> 0:11:03.160 there's a scene he's try and get close and listen. 0:11:03.240 --> 0:11:05.360 Were you the one who was taking pictures? No, no, no, no, 0:11:05.520 --> 0:11:08.200 not my friend was um. And it was on the beach, 0:11:08.200 --> 0:11:11.360 and I just remember him taking pictures in her like. 0:11:11.400 --> 0:11:14.280 She didn't smash his camera. She didn't show him penna, 0:11:14.400 --> 0:11:18.080 but she had it smashed. No, no, no, she had it. Um. 0:11:18.120 --> 0:11:20.520 She had the film taken from him though this is 0:11:20.520 --> 0:11:25.120 pretty digital. Oh well, yeah, I just remember that. I'm 0:11:25.120 --> 0:11:27.520 not knocking Jamie Lee Curtis. No. I mean, you know, 0:11:27.679 --> 0:11:30.679 it's like the paparazzi following me all the way. You 0:11:30.800 --> 0:11:33.000 can't even get away from it on a film smashed 0:11:33.000 --> 0:11:36.320 the camera. Um. But danon Um did get into trouble 0:11:36.320 --> 0:11:39.440 because they overstated the effects. And while they're not under 0:11:39.480 --> 0:11:42.800 the f d A, the FDC got involved and said 0:11:42.880 --> 0:11:44.920 the Federal Trade Commission and called them out and they 0:11:44.920 --> 0:11:49.520 had to stop making those claims of regularity. Um. They 0:11:49.520 --> 0:11:52.880 had to stop making claims that it prevented cold and flu. Yeah, 0:11:53.880 --> 0:11:56.640 and they had to pay out one million dollars to 0:11:57.240 --> 0:12:01.240 thirty nine state attorney generals, which I don't I guess 0:12:01.280 --> 0:12:05.760 those are fines. I couldn't get exactly how they're settlements. 0:12:05.840 --> 0:12:09.040 They were sued, well, I don't think they were sued. Yeah, 0:12:09.240 --> 0:12:14.360 it turned by the way attorneys general. Yeah, sorry, it 0:12:14.480 --> 0:12:18.960 was William Stapphire's ghosts going through me. But um, they 0:12:19.040 --> 0:12:22.240 they sue like they get together and say hey, like, 0:12:22.440 --> 0:12:25.160 I guess I just thought they were fine. Well, either way, 0:12:25.160 --> 0:12:27.480 they had to pay out money, and they had to 0:12:27.520 --> 0:12:31.880 stop overstating these things and go to more generalized claims, 0:12:31.960 --> 0:12:34.920 which they paid out twenty one million. You say, yeah, 0:12:34.920 --> 0:12:36.600 I mean that it may have ended up being more 0:12:36.640 --> 0:12:38.920 than that. Even that's not too bad because the first 0:12:39.000 --> 0:12:42.080 year that activity was out, according to this article, it 0:12:42.800 --> 0:12:46.840 made a hundred million dollars in sales. Twenty one million 0:12:46.880 --> 0:12:51.480 here chairs, But the point is if activity it could 0:12:51.520 --> 0:12:54.120 make a hundred million dollars in sales. It's a yogurt. 0:12:54.200 --> 0:12:57.520 Everybody a hundred million dollars in sales in the US, 0:12:58.240 --> 0:13:01.280 and it's a yogurt. It show It's like, wow, people 0:13:01.320 --> 0:13:03.880 really want this, they want probiotics. They believe in it. 0:13:04.960 --> 0:13:07.880 But we find after looking into it, like, well, there 0:13:07.880 --> 0:13:11.240 everybody like, yes, it makes sense, we know it makes sense, 0:13:11.240 --> 0:13:14.679 and yes, yogurt can be delicious, but we also know 0:13:14.800 --> 0:13:18.520 yogurt is good for you. Yeah, and and but we've 0:13:18.520 --> 0:13:20.120 got to get to the science of all this, and 0:13:20.200 --> 0:13:22.240 we will get to the science of this right after this. 0:13:22.360 --> 0:13:29.600 Everybody so chuck. Everybody's really hot and heavy to buy activity, 0:13:29.760 --> 0:13:33.800 to take probiotics supplements, like everyone wants us to work 0:13:33.840 --> 0:13:37.200 because the idea of friendly little bacteria getting into our 0:13:37.320 --> 0:13:40.600 tommi's and you know, tickling everything just right to make 0:13:40.679 --> 0:13:43.720 everything go well, you know, especially like if you can't 0:13:43.720 --> 0:13:46.280 poop or something like that, or if you're pooping a lot, 0:13:46.640 --> 0:13:50.439 right then then this idea very much appeals to you. 0:13:50.480 --> 0:13:54.080 Eat some yogurt, feel better. That sounds great. That's like 0:13:54.160 --> 0:13:56.679 what food ideally is supposed to do is to make 0:13:56.760 --> 0:14:00.280 you feel better, not give you diabetes and a few 0:14:00.400 --> 0:14:03.959 from standing up from the couch. You know, it's supposed 0:14:04.000 --> 0:14:05.880 to like make you jump on the beach and have 0:14:06.040 --> 0:14:10.280 someone's camera broken when they take pictures. It's supposed to 0:14:10.280 --> 0:14:12.520 make you poop. Like that's what food is supposed to do. 0:14:12.640 --> 0:14:16.560 And I think that's why Activita sold as much as 0:14:16.640 --> 0:14:20.280 it did and that's why people want this stuff to work. 0:14:20.400 --> 0:14:22.560 But like I said, we have to get into the 0:14:22.600 --> 0:14:25.560 science of it, and the science is there in some cases, 0:14:25.960 --> 0:14:28.840 but not nearly as far as it's being stretched at 0:14:28.880 --> 0:14:33.920 this point. Yeah. I went to the Harvard uh et 0:14:34.120 --> 0:14:36.320 U site to look at the skinny on what they 0:14:36.360 --> 0:14:44.560 found in right now in they can pretty much say 0:14:44.640 --> 0:14:50.040 with great confidence through study scientific study that, uh, it 0:14:50.160 --> 0:14:56.000 can help your bowel situation. It can reduce diarrhea. Hey man, 0:14:58.120 --> 0:15:00.840 your bow sitch. It can help you maybe if you 0:15:00.880 --> 0:15:04.000 have IBS or if you have taken antibiotics that give 0:15:04.040 --> 0:15:07.360 you diarrhea because they give me diarrhea like crazy. Um, 0:15:07.440 --> 0:15:10.480 they've they've pretty much sussed that out with studies. Yes, 0:15:10.720 --> 0:15:13.680 all those are backed up with study. Yeah, um, so 0:15:13.760 --> 0:15:16.880 it'll it can help you. If you have intestinal issues, 0:15:16.960 --> 0:15:21.000 it can help you. Um. There are other intestinal issues 0:15:21.040 --> 0:15:23.960 that it's being touted to be able to help, like 0:15:24.040 --> 0:15:27.200 Crohn's disease. Jury is still out on that, even though 0:15:27.200 --> 0:15:29.360 a lot of people are like, yeah, probiotics can help 0:15:29.640 --> 0:15:33.800 and that would make sense intuitively because the beneficial probiotics 0:15:33.840 --> 0:15:39.320 like um Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus um supposedly cut down on 0:15:39.400 --> 0:15:42.600 inflammation and an inflammation response, and that's what Crohn's disease is. 0:15:43.520 --> 0:15:47.520 UM and they they supposedly also can help with everything 0:15:47.640 --> 0:15:54.840 from vaginal infections UM to allergies, childhood allergies. All of 0:15:54.880 --> 0:15:58.479 these claims are being made about probiotics and again, intuitively 0:15:58.840 --> 0:16:02.400 they may help, they could consumably help, but the science 0:16:02.480 --> 0:16:04.360 is not. They're backing it up. And that's not to 0:16:04.400 --> 0:16:08.480 say that the science is saying no this, We've we've 0:16:08.480 --> 0:16:12.040 shown that this doesn't have an effect. It's at the 0:16:12.040 --> 0:16:14.520 point where these studies are just now beginning to be 0:16:14.600 --> 0:16:18.760 carried out, so a body of study on them is 0:16:19.360 --> 0:16:22.080 starting to now be a massed in the United States 0:16:22.080 --> 0:16:25.160 at least. Yeah. Um, it's a difficult thing to study 0:16:25.240 --> 0:16:28.960 because you have to study feces uh and um. I 0:16:29.000 --> 0:16:31.920 think Molly wrote this. She pointed out a good point. 0:16:31.960 --> 0:16:34.480 Even if you do study feces, and even if you 0:16:34.560 --> 0:16:38.680 do find that a certain amount of bacteria has made 0:16:38.720 --> 0:16:41.960 it all the way through into your feces, um, you 0:16:41.960 --> 0:16:45.640 don't necessarily know what exactly it did, right, I mean, 0:16:45.760 --> 0:16:49.520 it has reported findings like I felt better or I 0:16:49.560 --> 0:16:52.160 didn't have diarrhea as long this time. I took any 0:16:52.200 --> 0:16:54.920 bodys and there's a lot of dispute also over what 0:16:55.000 --> 0:16:58.520 constitutes an effective dose. And when you're talking about probiotics, 0:16:58.600 --> 0:17:01.880 what you're taking are called all any forming units cf US, 0:17:02.400 --> 0:17:06.200 and these are viable bacteria that can reproduce and spread 0:17:06.600 --> 0:17:11.560 and colonize your colon. Right. So this panel of UM 0:17:11.600 --> 0:17:15.120 I guess, probiotic experts academics got together and I think 0:17:15.160 --> 0:17:20.040 Florida in October of two thousand thirteen and said, we've 0:17:20.080 --> 0:17:22.840 studied all the literature, We've done some meta analysis, and 0:17:22.880 --> 0:17:25.520 this is what we've concluded, and they recommend that you 0:17:25.600 --> 0:17:28.760 take no less than one billion colony forming units c 0:17:28.920 --> 0:17:31.320 f US, so it's tend to the ninth power. And 0:17:31.359 --> 0:17:34.240 like you said, Emily takes them that are like fifteen 0:17:34.320 --> 0:17:38.600 billion colony forming units UM. And that they also said 0:17:38.840 --> 0:17:44.560 that we need to study more particular species and strains, 0:17:45.320 --> 0:17:48.880 because if you say Biffeto Bacterium or Lacto bacillus, you're 0:17:48.880 --> 0:17:52.439 talking about an entire genera of bacteria, not even like 0:17:52.480 --> 0:17:57.080 a strain or species, a genera, right, And you you 0:17:57.119 --> 0:18:02.680 can't say, oh, Biffeto Bacterium is good for uh crones. 0:18:03.600 --> 0:18:08.040 That's like saying red pills make you healthy? Like what 0:18:08.040 --> 0:18:09.960 what what type of red pills and what do the 0:18:09.960 --> 0:18:14.720 red pills specifically do. So, thanks to the Human Microbiome Project, 0:18:14.760 --> 0:18:17.439 which we've talked about before in the episode, we're starting 0:18:17.480 --> 0:18:20.600 to get a clearer picture of what constitutes a healthy 0:18:20.640 --> 0:18:25.240 gut in an average person depending on your genetic makeup, right, 0:18:25.960 --> 0:18:30.119 and what constitutes an unhealthy gut. And once we start 0:18:30.160 --> 0:18:33.600 to understand what a healthy gut looks more like, we 0:18:33.640 --> 0:18:37.520 can kind of enrich that environment and maybe add more 0:18:37.520 --> 0:18:41.800 bacteria to the beneficial bacteria probiotic list. Yeah, there's a 0:18:41.840 --> 0:18:45.800 researcher um at the University of Colorado School of Medicine 0:18:45.800 --> 0:18:49.880 that says that there's just a misconception out there that 0:18:50.400 --> 0:18:54.439 you're just reseting your good bacteria that's missing. She her 0:18:54.480 --> 0:18:57.800 basic point is is there's a lot of over generalization 0:18:57.880 --> 0:19:01.160 going on, like you were talking about with the red pill. Um. 0:19:01.200 --> 0:19:03.679 She thinks there's a lot of potential in the future 0:19:04.119 --> 0:19:05.879 and that it could end up doing a lot of this, 0:19:06.080 --> 0:19:10.080 But the notion of you know, you're receding your bacteria 0:19:10.720 --> 0:19:12.239 and it's good for you and that's all you need 0:19:12.280 --> 0:19:15.040 to know, it's just a big oversimplification of what's going 0:19:15.119 --> 0:19:18.560 on because everyone's different and like you said, the different 0:19:18.680 --> 0:19:22.720 strains and h what's good for one person might not 0:19:22.880 --> 0:19:25.879 be as good for another. It's like super specific. But 0:19:25.960 --> 0:19:30.040 the two the two genera biffido Bacterium and UM Lactobacillus 0:19:30.760 --> 0:19:36.879 have been shown to the reason they're considered probiotics is 0:19:36.960 --> 0:19:40.720 because they are not necessarily going in and recolonizing your 0:19:41.000 --> 0:19:44.080 your gut, like those things are present, but again, you're 0:19:44.240 --> 0:19:48.920 the the healthy microbiome we're starting to understand is just 0:19:48.960 --> 0:19:52.240 this huge grab bag that can change from person to person, 0:19:52.760 --> 0:19:58.760 from UM race to race basically UM. But those two specifically, 0:19:58.760 --> 0:20:03.280 those two genera specific have effects on things like your 0:20:03.320 --> 0:20:06.320 immune system, like they spur the production of immunoglobin A 0:20:07.119 --> 0:20:11.399 or UM beta defense in which are both they they're 0:20:11.520 --> 0:20:16.240 they're both immune proteins that go after pathogens, so they 0:20:16.280 --> 0:20:19.400 help with your immune system. These two things do specifically, Yeah, 0:20:19.440 --> 0:20:21.280 that's what you you want to look for those two, 0:20:21.720 --> 0:20:24.239 and those are the two main players anyway, Like if 0:20:24.280 --> 0:20:26.720 you're going to get a probiotic, you're probably gonna find those. 0:20:27.320 --> 0:20:31.480 But not coincidentally, those are also the ones that were 0:20:31.560 --> 0:20:34.920 discovered a hundreds something years ago and have been studied 0:20:34.920 --> 0:20:37.159 in one form of fashion ever since. So as we 0:20:37.200 --> 0:20:40.520 start to come across more potentially good bacteria from the 0:20:40.600 --> 0:20:44.920 Human Microbiome Project, they will be studied in um more 0:20:45.040 --> 0:20:48.800 detail and we'll get a better idea of this particular strain, 0:20:48.840 --> 0:20:54.760 of this species of this genera is probably good for this, right. Yeah. 0:20:54.800 --> 0:20:58.399 And then there's the whole thing of prebiotics, which we 0:20:58.440 --> 0:21:09.879 should talk about right for this. Okay, So you're in 0:21:09.920 --> 0:21:12.639 the store and you want to get something good for 0:21:12.680 --> 0:21:16.040 your gut because you've been pooping, you have a diarrhea, 0:21:16.560 --> 0:21:21.159 and you just got general trouble with your stomach. Place forever, 0:21:21.480 --> 0:21:24.919 place forever. Uh. You go in and you see probiotics 0:21:24.960 --> 0:21:26.400 and you think, hey, I've heard of those on the news. 0:21:26.480 --> 0:21:30.360 There Jamie Nae Curtis is dancing on the beach um 0:21:30.400 --> 0:21:34.040 coating herself with yogurt and she's doing great. And but 0:21:34.200 --> 0:21:36.960 this pre biotic, what in the world is that that 0:21:37.160 --> 0:21:42.160 is not the same prebiotics spurs this growth. It's these bacteria. 0:21:42.200 --> 0:21:45.600 It's like food for probiotics. Yeah. Instead of a probiotic, 0:21:45.600 --> 0:21:49.640 which is the actual bacteria you're ingesting, probiotics will help 0:21:49.680 --> 0:21:52.520 them grow Yeah, you're giving it a nourishing environment to 0:21:52.560 --> 0:21:54.399 grow in, and you can take them both at the 0:21:54.400 --> 0:21:58.400 same time. Yeah, there's something called symbiotics, which is prebiotic 0:21:58.600 --> 0:22:00.880 and the probiotics. So it's the food and the thing 0:22:00.920 --> 0:22:06.720 that eats the food all mixed together. And things like yogurt, kefir, kimchi, miso, 0:22:06.840 --> 0:22:09.920 sour kraut, fermented foods like that, they have it naturally. 0:22:09.960 --> 0:22:14.480 Those are symbiotics. They have both and and probe prebiotics. 0:22:14.800 --> 0:22:17.400 It's kind of just fiber in a lot of cases, 0:22:17.440 --> 0:22:22.280 dietary fiber that they like to eat and ferment. Al Right, Well, 0:22:22.320 --> 0:22:24.879 we talked earlier about Um, you don't know exactly how 0:22:24.960 --> 0:22:29.240 much you're getting in some of these foods. Um, that's 0:22:29.280 --> 0:22:32.240 a problem because you don't know if you don't know 0:22:32.280 --> 0:22:34.879 what dosage you need, you don't know how much is 0:22:34.920 --> 0:22:37.600 six Because these things are you know, that's why there's 0:22:37.640 --> 0:22:40.040 fifteen billion of them in a tiny little pill. They 0:22:40.119 --> 0:22:44.080 die very easily and through packaging and chipping. Uh, you 0:22:44.119 --> 0:22:47.560 don't know how much you're gonna be getting in the end. Yeah, 0:22:47.640 --> 0:22:49.280 if you're if not in the end, you know what 0:22:49.359 --> 0:22:50.919 I mean? Well, you know, like if you look if 0:22:50.960 --> 0:22:53.240 you go into a health of food store or something, right, 0:22:53.400 --> 0:22:56.359 and they have probiotics. They might have some of that 0:22:56.400 --> 0:22:58.600 are refrigerated, but then they have some on the shelf. 0:22:59.520 --> 0:23:02.840 Like what's the difference. Well, the ones on the shelf 0:23:02.840 --> 0:23:05.840 have undergone a process of freeze drying. They're basically in 0:23:05.920 --> 0:23:10.919 cryonic suspendure suspended animation right then, and it protects them 0:23:10.960 --> 0:23:15.919 being in that state like basically, and it protects them 0:23:15.960 --> 0:23:18.760 from exposure to um when they're if they're exposed to 0:23:18.800 --> 0:23:23.120 heat or cold or um moisture, all they're not moisture. 0:23:23.119 --> 0:23:25.520 Once they're exposed the moisture, they come back and they're 0:23:25.520 --> 0:23:29.120 they're in trouble unless they're in your tomic. But so 0:23:29.200 --> 0:23:31.120 those those have been free stright, the ones that are 0:23:31.280 --> 0:23:34.560 in the refrigerator are likely not freeze right, and they're 0:23:34.600 --> 0:23:39.520 much more fragile. Yeah, that's what Emily's are refrigerated and expensive. Well, yeah, 0:23:39.640 --> 0:23:42.040 because it costs a lot more to take care of 0:23:42.080 --> 0:23:46.200 them to keep them in a state of um life 0:23:47.240 --> 0:23:49.920 so that they can have an effect. The problem is 0:23:49.920 --> 0:23:53.800 when you buy those at the store, you have no 0:23:53.880 --> 0:23:56.360 idea of what you're buying is the real deal or not, 0:23:56.520 --> 0:24:00.639 because like you said, the f d A isn't regulating this, 0:24:02.000 --> 0:24:04.560 Uh true, But there you can do a little research 0:24:04.600 --> 0:24:07.920 and find out, like, you know, I don't think there's 0:24:07.920 --> 0:24:09.760 a ton of snake oil out there, is there? Well, 0:24:09.960 --> 0:24:13.840 so I read this article from consumer lab dot com. 0:24:14.040 --> 0:24:16.719 Was it called snake oil as proa No, it was. 0:24:16.800 --> 0:24:20.240