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Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to cool People did cool stuff. I'm

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Speaker 1: your host, Margaret Kiljoy. The only Margaret Killjoy in the

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Speaker 1: world with me today is the one and only James

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Speaker 1: Stout sadly not the case. Actually, what there's other? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: old old race horse jockey. Oh wait, I thought you

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Speaker 1: wanted race. How can there be more than one race horse?

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Speaker 1: James Stout? Well, I see, it's in the genes. It's

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Speaker 1: it's in the I raced bicycles, whereas he raised both

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Speaker 1: just generally underweight dude sitting on things, going fast and

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Speaker 1: falling off and breaking themselves. But there are differences with

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Speaker 1: the spandex. They're the silk. That's that's how you can

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Speaker 1: tell it. Okay, okay, although silk bike Okay anyway, Um,

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Speaker 1: well I would ride bike and silk now yeah yeah,

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Speaker 1: someone someone send me a cape. I'll do it. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: Um look that way you get the wind resistance to

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Speaker 1: help keep the whole thing more stable. Yep. And you're

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Speaker 1: a badass, James. How are how are you doing well?

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Speaker 1: I'm good and it's been ten minutes since our last episode.

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Speaker 1: I've been thriving throughout them. Oh excellent. Who who are you? Who?

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Speaker 1: That's a good question, isn't it. I am a podcaster,

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Speaker 1: part of the team. It could happen here. Cool zone

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Speaker 1: media journalist who writes about Nazis and cops and Nazis

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Speaker 1: who are cops and conflict. And I'm a historian. I

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Speaker 1: have PhD in the history of anti fascist physical culture,

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Speaker 1: which is cool. Our producer is the one and only

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Speaker 1: Sophie Lichtman, who was also the only Sophie Licterman. I think, so,

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Speaker 1: why did you check out the curse word that you

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Speaker 1: have in the script? I like that that's true. I'm true.

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Speaker 1: I'm sorry. In the script it says our producer is

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Speaker 1: Sophie fucking Lictorman. And you know, I feel like I

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Speaker 1: really defanged you in a way I shouldn't have. She

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Speaker 1: had to go through a lot of ship to get

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Speaker 1: that added to her government name. I know, I know.

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Speaker 1: It's retty fine every time she entity country. Yeah, and

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Speaker 1: sometimes you call Sophie just Sophie instead of Sophie fucking Lectman,

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Speaker 1: and Sophie gets really upset, like you all just went

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Speaker 1: to fairy dies. Yeah, furious. Our audio editor is ian

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Speaker 1: legally distinct from the entity that is currently battering the

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Speaker 1: west coast of Florida. And it's always funny to make

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Speaker 1: fun of people's names because it's something that is always original,

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Speaker 1: like before I think before recording I accidentally anyway, and

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Speaker 1: our theme music is written by a woman. Today we're

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Speaker 1: talking about education. That's where you take podcast hosts and

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Speaker 1: you say making fun of people's names isn't as funny

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Speaker 1: as you think, and then they learn and then they

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Speaker 1: don't do it again. And that's what we all need

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Speaker 1: in this world. Education that thing that you added. When

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Speaker 1: you advocate for it, you might get murdered by the

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Speaker 1: Spanish crown. Last week we talked to Last week we

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Speaker 1: talked about Paul Robin and his orphanage and the creepily

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Speaker 1: named but actually cool the Hive. And today we're going

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Speaker 1: to talk about the modern school, which is kind of

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Speaker 1: a meaningless name. Right, Like whenever people are like modern

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Speaker 1: and then people are like modern means fifty years ago,

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Speaker 1: and you're like, that doesn't make any sense. I don't

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Speaker 1: get it anyway. That's the context in which the modern

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Speaker 1: school is modern. This is not modern anymore. I'm really

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Speaker 1: stretching this out. I forge if I do it long enough,

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Speaker 1: Sophie laugh. Okay, it worked, Um, I was telling my

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Speaker 1: friend that I was going to write about for Their

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Speaker 1: Francisco for the person we're gonna be talking about who

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Speaker 1: helped found the modern school, and they summed up like this,

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Speaker 1: There once was a guy in Spain named Francisco for Their,

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Speaker 1: and he was like, what if we teach kids in

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Speaker 1: a reasonable way? So the government shot him and left

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Speaker 1: him in a ditch. Yeah, funk, that's Javis jay Z that. Yeah. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: there's no there's or to it, but they're not fundamentally wrong. No,

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Speaker 1: it's pretty much see and the narrative arc that we've

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Speaker 1: got for you today, isn't it. Yeah, yeah, with some

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Speaker 1: like you know, the whole cool thing about being a

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Speaker 1: murdyr as your ideas live longer than you and we're

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Speaker 1: all going to die one day anyway, so you know,

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Speaker 1: mm hmm. So let's talk about Francisco FIDN. And actually

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Speaker 1: I think you know some of the stuff that we're

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Speaker 1: gonna get into. I feel like you maybe wrote a

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Speaker 1: PhD about in terms of the time period and stuff,

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Speaker 1: and so please feel free to well I guess you

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Speaker 1: do that anyway, but I'm particularly excited about anything you

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Speaker 1: might have to say about early nineteenth century Spain or

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Speaker 1: early twentieth century Spain. So Francisco FDN was born on

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Speaker 1: January tenth, eighteen fifty nine, on a farm outside Barcelona,

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Speaker 1: to devout Catholic parents. Like all of the rest of

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Speaker 1: the heroes this week, well, they weren't all born on

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Speaker 1: a farm outside of Barcelona. They might have been that,

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Speaker 1: but that's not information I have. So Francisco did not

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Speaker 1: grow up excited about religion. At the very least. I

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Speaker 1: think he had um like some free finger some stuff,

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Speaker 1: and his family, like one of his uncles, was a

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Speaker 1: free thinker, and at the very least, by the time

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Speaker 1: he was twenty four in eighteen eighty four, he was

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Speaker 1: a Freemason, which is an incredibly complex topic that I'm

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Speaker 1: not going to talk about today, which is when you

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Speaker 1: say it now and people are like, oh, some weird person,

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Speaker 1: you know, conservative or something, but at the time meant

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Speaker 1: often the opposite of that. He was a radical Republican,

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Speaker 1: again in the we don't like King's way, and he

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Speaker 1: was anti clerical, and not in that he doesn't like

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Speaker 1: the D and D class cleric. I don't know his

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Speaker 1: thoughts one way or the other about the dungeons and

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Speaker 1: dragons class cleric, but instead referring to a society that

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Speaker 1: is not run by monolithic church organization called the Church.

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Speaker 1: It's important to understand the Catholic Church in Spain during

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Speaker 1: this time because it wasn't like like now, like you know, okay,

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Speaker 1: actually Catholicism continued continue to do a lot of ship,

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Speaker 1: but you know, it's like Catholicism in nine at this

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Speaker 1: time period in Spain is not like just the fun

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Speaker 1: religion where you drink blood and there's incense and you

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Speaker 1: say you're sorry for doing all the sins or whatever.

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Speaker 1: The Church was a force of oppression in a country

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Speaker 1: that was usually some kind of monor key, and Francisco

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Speaker 1: did not like what was happening there. It's my long

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Speaker 1: way of yeah, I'm actually curious. I think that's pretty

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Speaker 1: the Spanish Church sucked to a degree that is sort

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Speaker 1: of hard for us to fathom. Now. I think like

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Speaker 1: the Spain, Spain doesn't have like a this argument that

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Speaker 1: gets made right. They like, Spain is not a nation.

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Speaker 1: People don't conceive of themselves of Spanish and Catholicism takes

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Speaker 1: over instead so that their identity is as Catholic and

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Speaker 1: that's what Franco manipulates, and it's why there's this debate

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Speaker 1: about whether Franco is fascist or not right because he

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Speaker 1: has this whole national Catholic thing, whereas it's largely just

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Speaker 1: national race in other places. And so, yeah, the Spanish

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Speaker 1: Church are a lot of land it is. It goes

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Speaker 1: hand in hand with with landlords. It goes hand in

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Speaker 1: hand with the violent repression of working class movements, and

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Speaker 1: it is hated more than you can perhaps imagine, Like

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Speaker 1: if you look at uh, like anti clerical violence and

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Speaker 1: violence by the church at the start of the econod

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Speaker 1: wor and I'm sure we'll talk about like the tragic

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Speaker 1: week today and you will see, like you give anyone

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Speaker 1: half a fucking chance and like a mag dick, and

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Speaker 1: they will burn the funk out of a church often.

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Speaker 1: Actually it's really interesting because sometimes they they object to

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Speaker 1: like the institution of the church and that the bad

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Speaker 1: ship that it does. Sometimes you will get priests who

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Speaker 1: are not total pieces of ship, who are also willing

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Speaker 1: to help poor people in their parish right, So sometimes

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Speaker 1: they go next door and burn the church instead of

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Speaker 1: instead of the church nearest to their house, they burned

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Speaker 1: the other church. But yeah, the church, like in when

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Speaker 1: you in the July start of the Spanish Civil War

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Speaker 1: in Barcelona, like all the bell towers have snipers in them,

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Speaker 1: when the when the military does a coup, right, because

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Speaker 1: the church goes hand in hand with the people who

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Speaker 1: are killing the working class in the street. Yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: not best friends, church and the people. Yeah, it's someone

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Speaker 1: presented it to me and as this idea that like,

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Speaker 1: imagine if the Christian nationalists are currently trying to take

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Speaker 1: over the United States had already taken over the United States,

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Speaker 1: you know, and obviously that's not they're not Catholics, right,

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Speaker 1: they often hate Catholics, but that same religious framework, that

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Speaker 1: same religious cultural and perical domination, church and state go

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Speaker 1: hand in hand, like yeah, and there they notice scent

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Speaker 1: could be tolerated. So Francisco for there, he doesn't like

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Speaker 1: any of this stuff. And so in his job, he's

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Speaker 1: a railroad conductor, which is objectively cool because trains are cool.

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Speaker 1: I don't know if you knew this, but trains are cool.

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Speaker 1: And he used that position to help exiled revolutionists, which

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Speaker 1: is even cooler. There was this radical Republican guy named

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Speaker 1: Manuel ruiz Zodiya, who had been prime minister for a

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Speaker 1: hot minute about fifteen minutes earlier, and at this point

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Speaker 1: was an exile in France, trying to foment revolution in

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Speaker 1: Spain so that Spain could be a republican instead of

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Speaker 1: a monarchy, which they had later pull off for less

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Speaker 1: than two years in eighteen seventies. This is not a

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Speaker 1: we're not gonna go two into that, but our man

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Speaker 1: Francisco he couriered letters to Zodia and he helps smuggle

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Speaker 1: people across the border. And then in eighteen eighty six,

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Speaker 1: which is the cool thing to do with the train conductor, right,

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Speaker 1: like I don't know, I just I like this idea

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Speaker 1: of being like, oh, I'm just the whatever, I'm the

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Speaker 1: train guy. In six all the Republicans tried to overthrow

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Speaker 1: the monarchy and they failed. They had actually tried two

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Speaker 1: years earlier too. There's a lot of various Uh, there's

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Speaker 1: a lot of revolutions that Spain tries in all kinds

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Speaker 1: of directions. Yeah, and so they failed pretty spectacular in

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Speaker 1: eighteen eighty six. So Fair and his wife and his

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Speaker 1: three daughters they funk off to Paris and self imposed

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Speaker 1: exile because they know what's up right, And he spent

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Speaker 1: sixteen years in France, and he's working unpaid for most

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Speaker 1: of that, for a good chunk of that for Zodia,

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Speaker 1: and as a secretary, and he's teaching Spanish as his

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Speaker 1: day job. And he's selling wine, not as like a

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Speaker 1: wine merchant, but as like a wine in vendor, like

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Speaker 1: he's on commission. I think, okay, um, he's just doing

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Speaker 1: whatever the funk he can. He's working class guy. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and he's involved in everything cool and lefty in Paris

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Speaker 1: at the time, including the free thought movement, which is,

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Speaker 1: you know, the freethinkers, not quite atheists and like all

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Speaker 1: people value In the eighteen nineties France, he was involved

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Speaker 1: in the Dreyfist campaign trying to stop anti Semitism in France,

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Speaker 1: and then Zodia died and so Francisco in Francisco is like, well,

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Speaker 1: well fuck, that was like my things. I was trying

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Speaker 1: to help this prime minister guy. It's like Francisco Freday,

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Speaker 1: he's like a Bernie guy, right, He's like, I'm going

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Speaker 1: to fucking help Bernie if Bernie was trying to overthrow

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Speaker 1: the United States America, and well, which he is. Oh yeah,

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Speaker 1: that's true. So we're not supposed to stay that on

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Speaker 1: the podcast, right, Um, okay. So so he starts hanging

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Speaker 1: out with the anarchists now that Bernie's dead, and he

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Speaker 1: starts getting really into pedagogy because he's a teacher. He's

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Speaker 1: teaching Spanish for most of his money, and and he's

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Speaker 1: interested in how to teach things and how to develop

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Speaker 1: freethinking individuals. So soon enough he's corresponding with our guy,

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Speaker 1: Paul Robin, the French guy from one of the two

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Speaker 1: French guys from the last time the guy ran the orphanage,

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Speaker 1: and he starts dreaming of how he's going to found

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Speaker 1: a liberal, a libertarian school with boys and girls learning

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Speaker 1: in the same classes, with lessons based on science instead

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Speaker 1: of the blood drinking cannibal cult. And Spanish folks have

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Speaker 1: been trying for years to get some decent education for

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Speaker 1: the working class, and he's like, I'm going to be

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Speaker 1: part of that dream. You know, he's not the only

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Speaker 1: guy who's like, I'm gonna fix the educational system in Spain,

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Speaker 1: but he's he's thinking about it all the time. Education

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Speaker 1: in Spain in the nineteenth century was sucking awful. Most

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Speaker 1: people couldn't read. It was like about two thirds of

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Speaker 1: people couldn't read. Most towns didn't have a public school.

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Speaker 1: Once again, about two thirds of towns didn't have a

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Speaker 1: public school, and most teachers were sworn to uphold Catholic dogma,

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Speaker 1: and there would be like diet in this or whatever.

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Speaker 1: Like church people would be like walking around being like,

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Speaker 1: you better teach the right things, you know, because they

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Speaker 1: live in this like fucking weird dystopia that I didn't

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Speaker 1: quite realize. Spain was such a fucking weird anyway, And

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Speaker 1: people are getting sick of all this ship right, and

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Speaker 1: they want change. And so for decades, Republicans and anarchists

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Speaker 1: and just not the church people had been starting schools,

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Speaker 1: but they kept getting crushed by the state. And so

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Speaker 1: for air, he's like, I want to give it a

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Speaker 1: shot to write. If only he had some money, and

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Speaker 1: he got money in one of the classic ways that

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Speaker 1: radicals get money. Have you heard of how he got

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Speaker 1: his money. I'm just curious, kind of curious, though I

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Speaker 1: don't think I have. No, he's slightly before my time period,

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Speaker 1: Like he dies about twenty years before my stuff sted. No,

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Speaker 1: that's a good point, okay, Or does he what if

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Speaker 1: he's in the blood drinking cult? Okay, so yeah, then

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Speaker 1: he comes back to life. Yeah, lady finds him. It's

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Speaker 1: the whole thing. Yeah, Easter eggs because of it. Yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: you're familiar. Yeah. So he's like, I need some money,

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Speaker 1: and he's teaching Spanish to all of these people, including

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Speaker 1: a like the way that this is written in history,

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Speaker 1: um is and whatever. I always think there's something going

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Speaker 1: on beyond of the history when people are like and

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Speaker 1: then this thing happened that the clearest obvious answers either

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Speaker 1: crime and or sex work or some sort of combination

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Speaker 1: of the too. Francisco for the is a Spanish teacher,

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Speaker 1: and he has a student who is a rich, middle

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Speaker 1: aged lady and two quote historian Paul Average, she'd been

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Speaker 1: a woman of conventional outlook until Fredair, a persuasive teacher,

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Speaker 1: succeeded in converting her to his ideas, and when she died,

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Speaker 1: she left him half of her estate. Okay, yeah, he's

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Speaker 1: what the contemporary discourse we called a gold digg. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: I think he gold dig that money up, which is

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Speaker 1: a valid way to go and get a million. Yeah yeah,

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Speaker 1: proud of him. Yeah, so he gets his he gets

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Speaker 1: his million francs and the nineteen O one he moves

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Speaker 1: back to Barcelona. I have literally no, I should have

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Speaker 1: looked it up. I'm like Frank's to modern dollars. I

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Speaker 1: don't know, gets a bunch of money. Yeah, it takes

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Speaker 1: a long time to do those conversions I had. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I know, I always do them when I do like dollar,

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Speaker 1: but when I do currencies that don't exist anymore, it's

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Speaker 1: really hard. Yeah, yeah, yeah, it's it's yeah, it's you

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Speaker 1: can sometimes find The quickest way I found was to

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Speaker 1: find the newspapers from that date, Like if you find

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Speaker 1: something in the New York Times archive and then you

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Speaker 1: look at the exchange rates that date, and then you

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Speaker 1: go that day's dollars to today's dollars. That's how you

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Speaker 1: gets give the euro. Yeah, that's how you got the PhD.

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Speaker 1: It was yeah, that was it. They were like that

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Speaker 1: I had to give someone. Actually I didn't have to

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Speaker 1: give him any money. Some money had to move around

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Speaker 1: from a donor a donor to an institution that fundamentally sucks. Yeah, okay,

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Speaker 1: M sorry. So In he moves to Barcelona and he's

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Speaker 1: going to open a school, and he knows that UM

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Speaker 1: wrote memorization isn't the same thing as learning. He wants

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Speaker 1: to tear down the division between education and play, which

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Speaker 1: is kind of some what you're talking about, like sport

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Speaker 1: and play, right, Yeah, And he wants to cultivate physical

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Speaker 1: and mental development. He wants to foster self realization. He

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Speaker 1: wants that teachers should help students discover things, not convince

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Speaker 1: them of things. So he starts to school where he

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Speaker 1: wants a school where there's no discipline, no rewards, no

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Speaker 1: yelling at kids, no arbitrary rules, no homework, no forced

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Speaker 1: working in silence. Uh, no teaching as competition through grades

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Speaker 1: and ship. Everyone is only competing against them themselves. Right.

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Speaker 1: He's flush with cash, so he starts a school of

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Speaker 1: moderna the modern School. It's based on these principles. He

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Speaker 1: starts with thirty eight students, but by five years later

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Speaker 1: it has a hundred and twenty six students. And the

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Speaker 1: stated purpose was to educate the working class in a rational, secular,

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Speaker 1: and non coercive setting. And I've read different ideas about

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Speaker 1: how this worked in practice. I've read that the tuition

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Speaker 1: was based on the parents ability to pay, so it's

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Speaker 1: like super sliding scale. But other places I've read have

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Speaker 1: claimed that only the leftist middle class was able to

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Speaker 1: afford to send their it's there. I don't know further

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Speaker 1: in all of those explanations, there's like a clear bias.

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Speaker 1: This is one of the things that really annoys me about.

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Speaker 1: You know, there's clear biased where they're like it was

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Speaker 1: perfect in every way and everyone you know, and you're like,

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Speaker 1: was it And then on the other side you have like,

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Speaker 1: but it was just some elitea ship and fuck them

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Speaker 1: and you know whatever. Um, And both of those histories

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Speaker 1: I read that claimed one thing or the other seemed

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Speaker 1: really fucking biased. Um. Yeah, these like hag geographies, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: totally well fortunately, um, I would never do a hagiography.

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Speaker 1: I would never name my podcast of something like cool people.

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Speaker 1: And I will just say completely honestly and truthfully that

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Speaker 1: Francisco Ferrare not only umu was it sliding scale, but

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Speaker 1: it was actually sliding scale. Bout how much money he

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Speaker 1: gave to the parents for sending their kids there. Um no, wait, no,

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Speaker 1: that makes them buying children, Okay, So students would visit

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Speaker 1: um okay, and so like and like field trips were

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Speaker 1: a big part of all of this, like popular education

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Speaker 1: and like libertarian schooling, and it always gets brought up

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Speaker 1: in this way where I'm like, Oh, I think that

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Speaker 1: maybe because I grew up with field trips in public

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Speaker 1: school here in the United States. Um, it's like one

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Speaker 1: of the only things out of all of these things

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Speaker 1: that I experienced, right, Um, boys and girls taught in

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Speaker 1: the same classroom and field trips. But the way it

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Speaker 1: talks about it, I get the feeling that field trips

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Speaker 1: were not a big part of nineteenth century public school. No,

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Speaker 1: I don't think so. I think especially like when you

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Speaker 1: look at uh, like the British quote unquote public school,

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Speaker 1: which actually meets private school. Yeah, yeah, good stuff. It's

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Speaker 1: I think the idea was to like sequest to young

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Speaker 1: men away from the corrupting influences of the city have

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Speaker 1: been in these kind of semi rural of suburban schools

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Speaker 1: where they could just like practice being soldiers. Oh is

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Speaker 1: that what I guess because I've always been There's been

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Speaker 1: a couple of things that confused me, and one of

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Speaker 1: them is the private school means public school and in Britain, yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's tod stinguish it from a I think it's to

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Speaker 1: from a grammar school, which is actually a school that

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Speaker 1: is free, but you have to pass an exam to

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Speaker 1: get into it when I think they also perhaps no,

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Speaker 1: I'm trying to remember, so, like some schools had like

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Speaker 1: classical and modern curriculums, but I think that was within

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Speaker 1: public schools. Wait in public school means private Wait, public

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Speaker 1: school is a is a specific class of private schools,

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Speaker 1: a special kind of elite class of private boarding schools. Yeah. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: we are a country which has really made it as

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Speaker 1: hard as possible to understand our ship. Yeah, it's the

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Speaker 1: boarding schools. Like they're they're a kind of wide variety

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Speaker 1: of them, or it's not a wide variety of them.

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Speaker 1: They're pretty pretty consistently for wealthy people, right, But like

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Speaker 1: eaton is the one that, like if you're thinking of one,

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Speaker 1: like when all our fucking primate or a decent chunk

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Speaker 1: of our prime ministers all went to the same school,

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Speaker 1: she's weird. And some people would think that is a problem,

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Speaker 1: but not Britain, because we love class and that is

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Speaker 1: that eaten? Is that like a thing that is eaten?

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Speaker 1: Yet that's where the royal family go, It's where fucking

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Speaker 1: prime ministers go. Yeah. Yeah, and not a problematic system

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Speaker 1: at all. It's a great one. It doesn't reward privilege.

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Speaker 1: It's fine. Yeah, they do have a form of folk

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Speaker 1: football that they play there, But I would argue that

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Speaker 1: you have removed the folk element from anything more than

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Speaker 1: most people earn in a year to go there. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I mean there's the like, you know, the richer free

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Speaker 1: kind of thing. You know, you're like, oh, yeah, you

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Speaker 1: get to do all this, Like like there's a lot

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Speaker 1: of a lot of the stuff that I'm reading about

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Speaker 1: about the educational system. There's a lot of private schools

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Speaker 1: in the US that do this kind of thing, right,

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Speaker 1: and that rules, and I'm glad for that, but I'm like,

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Speaker 1: I'm bummed that it's not in the public schools, you know, yeah, yeah,

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Speaker 1: it seems to be. I know, when I was like

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Speaker 1: applying for teaching jobs, this was a sort of ship.

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Speaker 1: I really wanted to do them very I left the

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Speaker 1: outdoors and obviously like exercising and ship. And then you

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Speaker 1: look at these schools and you're like, it's not the

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Speaker 1: kind of thing I want to do, though, because you know,

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Speaker 1: we cost so much money, and like you're only getting

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Speaker 1: one the people who benefit from perhaps not the people

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Speaker 1: who would benefit from most. And it's not a reasonable

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Speaker 1: pross section of society. Yeah, it's a shame. I think

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Speaker 1: some of them still exist in Barcelona, writes some of

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Speaker 1: these more modernist schools. I think. So I'm going to

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Speaker 1: talk a little bit at the end about what I've

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Speaker 1: learned about what still exists. Um, it's like weird versions

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Speaker 1: of different things. But but yeah, so we're not there. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: So at the modern school, kids get field trips, this

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Speaker 1: wild crazy idea where they're like, what if we learned

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Speaker 1: things by going to the places where those things are done?

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Speaker 1: And so they'll they'll go to like and this is

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Speaker 1: such a like workers like nineteenth century or twenties century

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Speaker 1: Spain thing. It's like they visit factories and also laboratories

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Speaker 1: and museum m and nature and all of that. But

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Speaker 1: I just love that they like to go visit factories

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00:21:03,200 --> 00:21:08,679
Speaker 1: and shipp too. Yeah, and parents were invited to to

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Speaker 1: come to lectures at the school because basically, like at

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Speaker 1: night and at the in the evenings, parents could come

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Speaker 1: and learn about things. And one of the things that

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00:21:16,880 --> 00:21:20,679
Speaker 1: they could learn about is the products and services that

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Speaker 1: support this podcast. Really yeah, they there was like a

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Speaker 1: weird portal to the future that Francisco Fair developed. Um,

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00:21:29,280 --> 00:21:31,320
Speaker 1: that's actually One of the things he's less known for

403
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Speaker 1: is the the their paradox that allows educational material to

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Speaker 1: come from the future. Unfortunately, he didn't understand the modern

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Speaker 1: advertising landscape well enough, and so people have been able

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Speaker 1: to game the air paradox algorithm to bring advertising the

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Speaker 1: minds of early twentieth century Spanish radicals. That's a great

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Speaker 1: consumer base. That's what ranks it truly modern. Yeah exactly.

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Speaker 1: That is actually where it got the name modern. Is

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Speaker 1: it always is attached to whatever is the current real

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Speaker 1: time because we live in the real time lane that

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Speaker 1: they live in the past, which is fake. Um, much

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00:22:08,080 --> 00:22:12,399
Speaker 1: like the fake ads and no um, it's true the

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00:22:12,440 --> 00:22:15,359
Speaker 1: happiness that you gain from these products and services, yeah exactly,

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00:22:16,080 --> 00:22:17,920
Speaker 1: So go out and consumee. Actually, it's funny, is like,

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Speaker 1: when I listened to this podcast, it's mostly adds for

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Speaker 1: other podcasts, which is totally chill. Yeah, I mean all

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Speaker 1: of us chill. I love everyone who's ever Okay, here's

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00:22:25,480 --> 00:22:33,520
Speaker 1: some ads, buy some gold, and we are back and

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00:22:33,560 --> 00:22:36,960
Speaker 1: we're talking about how greatly we personally endorse every single

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Speaker 1: advertisement that has ever been put on this show in

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Speaker 1: any region. And if you have any problems with anything

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Speaker 1: that we have personally selected to put on as advertisers.

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Speaker 1: You can direct those questions to me at on Twitter

425
00:22:48,760 --> 00:22:56,320
Speaker 1: at I write, okay, yeah, so this message here there anyway, Uh,

426
00:22:56,400 --> 00:22:59,040
Speaker 1: they have field trips. Oh, and the teachers get to

427
00:22:59,280 --> 00:23:02,680
Speaker 1: or parents get to come and continue do continuing education

428
00:23:02,720 --> 00:23:05,959
Speaker 1: for free. And I don't know. And and the thing

429
00:23:06,000 --> 00:23:07,679
Speaker 1: that once again I like it is this thing that

430
00:23:07,680 --> 00:23:10,159
Speaker 1: comes up at time and time again that the coolest

431
00:23:10,240 --> 00:23:12,880
Speaker 1: ratist ship, like all the coolest ratist groups, basically offer

432
00:23:12,920 --> 00:23:16,800
Speaker 1: culture to people without money. Right. And so he also

433
00:23:17,000 --> 00:23:19,879
Speaker 1: in order to because he's always thinking bigger than just

434
00:23:19,960 --> 00:23:21,639
Speaker 1: like oh, and so just being teacher, he wants to

435
00:23:21,640 --> 00:23:23,200
Speaker 1: develop a new school system, and in order to develop

436
00:23:23,200 --> 00:23:25,399
Speaker 1: a new school system, he also needs all new types

437
00:23:25,400 --> 00:23:27,480
Speaker 1: of stuff. So he needs a school to teach teachers.

438
00:23:27,880 --> 00:23:30,040
Speaker 1: So he starts at a school to teach teachers at

439
00:23:30,040 --> 00:23:34,159
Speaker 1: the modern school. And he also starts a textbook printing press,

440
00:23:34,359 --> 00:23:36,760
Speaker 1: because of course he did. He reached out to scientists

441
00:23:36,760 --> 00:23:38,560
Speaker 1: and writers and shipped all over Europe so that the

442
00:23:38,560 --> 00:23:41,639
Speaker 1: school had all the latest scientific information. They printed like

443
00:23:41,680 --> 00:23:44,400
Speaker 1: forty of these textbooks in the five years of the

444
00:23:44,400 --> 00:23:48,919
Speaker 1: school ran. And and they also published utopian children's books,

445
00:23:48,920 --> 00:23:51,600
Speaker 1: including one that was called The Adventures of No No,

446
00:23:52,160 --> 00:23:54,560
Speaker 1: which was written by an anarchist named Gean Grave. And

447
00:23:54,600 --> 00:23:56,560
Speaker 1: I have no idea if this book was actually good.

448
00:23:56,680 --> 00:23:58,560
Speaker 1: The history book I read was like it was the

449
00:23:58,560 --> 00:24:03,440
Speaker 1: most popular book among this students, but I don't know, maybe, like,

450
00:24:03,560 --> 00:24:05,919
Speaker 1: maybe it was awful. I don't know. This is this

451
00:24:06,000 --> 00:24:08,199
Speaker 1: school I think aired a little bit more on the

452
00:24:08,240 --> 00:24:11,800
Speaker 1: side of like, we are an anarcho syndicalist project who

453
00:24:11,800 --> 00:24:16,120
Speaker 1: will create the working class that will overthrow the bourgeoisie,

454
00:24:16,440 --> 00:24:19,960
Speaker 1: rather than like, I think the school is great, but

455
00:24:20,440 --> 00:24:22,879
Speaker 1: in that spectrum I was talking about earlier, between like

456
00:24:22,920 --> 00:24:26,359
Speaker 1: your soul goal is freethinking individuals versus your like soul

457
00:24:26,480 --> 00:24:30,960
Speaker 1: goal is like making anarchists or whatever, right, right, I

458
00:24:31,000 --> 00:24:33,960
Speaker 1: think this one leaned a little bit more towards the indoctrination.

459
00:24:34,560 --> 00:24:37,560
Speaker 1: But again I don't know, because half the ship that's

460
00:24:37,600 --> 00:24:40,040
Speaker 1: written about this unlike the other ones that are obscure

461
00:24:40,119 --> 00:24:41,359
Speaker 1: enough that the people who wrote about them in a

462
00:24:41,400 --> 00:24:43,520
Speaker 1: modern sense or like these rule all the ones. A

463
00:24:43,560 --> 00:24:44,800
Speaker 1: lot of the people who write about the ship in

464
00:24:44,840 --> 00:24:47,680
Speaker 1: the modern sense are like, we fucking hate these people,

465
00:24:47,920 --> 00:24:51,680
Speaker 1: you know, Yeah, right, And then it's just a way

466
00:24:51,720 --> 00:24:57,640
Speaker 1: to I have encountered those people in my historical academic Yeah. Yeah,

467
00:24:57,720 --> 00:25:03,640
Speaker 1: pair reviews a great system. It does not read force what. Yeah,

468
00:25:03,720 --> 00:25:06,639
Speaker 1: I actually have reproductions of some of those pedagogical texts

469
00:25:06,680 --> 00:25:10,119
Speaker 1: that I was. I wasn't just a really chest slightly yeah, like, um,

470
00:25:10,440 --> 00:25:16,280
Speaker 1: oh cool some of these titles. Yeah. So it's it's

471
00:25:16,280 --> 00:25:21,639
Speaker 1: a series called Texas Decktoria Sport. So it's in Catalan, um,

472
00:25:21,760 --> 00:25:25,640
Speaker 1: and they were made by the Catalan government. But like, um,

473
00:25:25,680 --> 00:25:29,480
Speaker 1: you can kind of see all these reproductions here. These

474
00:25:29,480 --> 00:25:31,480
Speaker 1: were given to me by a friend. I don't know how.

475
00:25:33,080 --> 00:25:35,280
Speaker 1: I don't know how, like how possible it would be

476
00:25:35,359 --> 00:25:38,160
Speaker 1: for people to obtain these, but yeah, it's pretty cool,

477
00:25:38,200 --> 00:25:42,159
Speaker 1: like you can see. Um, like I'm just looking like

478
00:25:42,480 --> 00:25:47,480
Speaker 1: the summary informing of the goals of Physical Culture education, right,

479
00:25:47,720 --> 00:25:52,199
Speaker 1: Like it's like things that are of use for like

480
00:25:52,240 --> 00:25:54,720
Speaker 1: a healthy body, things sort of used for a healthy mind,

481
00:25:55,520 --> 00:25:58,000
Speaker 1: like things that are of use in the workplace. So

482
00:25:58,119 --> 00:26:02,040
Speaker 1: it's it's interesting to see them like categorized physical culture.

483
00:26:02,080 --> 00:26:05,080
Speaker 1: Not until put the ball in the hole, score the point,

484
00:26:05,800 --> 00:26:09,560
Speaker 1: you know, get a brain injury. Um, Like it's it's

485
00:26:09,560 --> 00:26:12,120
Speaker 1: interesting to see them. The characterized physical culture in ways

486
00:26:12,160 --> 00:26:14,800
Speaker 1: to develop a healthy body, mind and you know, a

487
00:26:14,840 --> 00:26:16,840
Speaker 1: fulfilling way to make a living. It's interesting because a

488
00:26:16,920 --> 00:26:18,760
Speaker 1: hundred years later we're sort of back to kind of,

489
00:26:18,760 --> 00:26:21,320
Speaker 1: at least in the United States, just sort of discovering

490
00:26:21,400 --> 00:26:25,440
Speaker 1: that concept again. It's like holistic idea of like actually

491
00:26:26,119 --> 00:26:29,280
Speaker 1: moving your body and things as goals besides just sports.

492
00:26:29,320 --> 00:26:33,600
Speaker 1: And you know, I don't know, um yeah, I don't

493
00:26:33,760 --> 00:26:35,879
Speaker 1: know what the case is here. I imagine it's the

494
00:26:35,920 --> 00:26:39,560
Speaker 1: same because capitalism likes to do this. But in Britain, certainly,

495
00:26:39,600 --> 00:26:42,560
Speaker 1: many of our schools have been like they've they've sold

496
00:26:42,600 --> 00:26:46,600
Speaker 1: off like the places that used to be their playing fields. No,

497
00:26:46,800 --> 00:26:49,440
Speaker 1: like kids don't get to play outside, and actually that's

498
00:26:49,520 --> 00:26:51,760
Speaker 1: a very important part of learning how to be part

499
00:26:51,920 --> 00:26:56,480
Speaker 1: of a democratic society. Yeah. No, And and I mean

500
00:26:56,520 --> 00:26:59,760
Speaker 1: more of the like kind of the radical concept of like,

501
00:27:00,760 --> 00:27:03,159
Speaker 1: you know, people should go and exercise and that's like

502
00:27:03,200 --> 00:27:08,399
Speaker 1: part of their like developing a healthy mind. And I

503
00:27:08,440 --> 00:27:10,080
Speaker 1: don't know, I mean it leads down this also this

504
00:27:10,160 --> 00:27:12,800
Speaker 1: rabbit hole of like standing desks are okay, and treadmill

505
00:27:12,840 --> 00:27:14,800
Speaker 1: desks which are okay, but they're also like this thing

506
00:27:14,840 --> 00:27:20,040
Speaker 1: that whatever quite dystopian, isn't it. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah,

507
00:27:20,119 --> 00:27:23,240
Speaker 1: it's see these kids on treadmill desks in the cars room.

508
00:27:23,520 --> 00:27:25,760
Speaker 1: But yeah, like just to get up and move around.

509
00:27:25,760 --> 00:27:27,720
Speaker 1: Like I even I remember when I was doing Pettigo

510
00:27:27,800 --> 00:27:32,240
Speaker 1: G training, you know, ten years ago something that like

511
00:27:32,400 --> 00:27:35,440
Speaker 1: it was still pretty radical to be like fucking get

512
00:27:35,440 --> 00:27:38,879
Speaker 1: out from behind the pantheon where you teach and everyone

513
00:27:38,880 --> 00:27:43,240
Speaker 1: moves around, and you know, even though it's better. One

514
00:27:43,240 --> 00:27:44,959
Speaker 1: of the other things that they taught at this school

515
00:27:45,040 --> 00:27:49,480
Speaker 1: is I think everyone learned Esperanto, which was the leftist

516
00:27:49,480 --> 00:27:55,960
Speaker 1: idea of Hell, yeah, Esperanto is fucking great, and I okay,

517
00:27:55,960 --> 00:28:00,360
Speaker 1: I love this ship off now. It's like, I don't

518
00:28:00,680 --> 00:28:02,679
Speaker 1: I think it's so wonderful, right that there was a

519
00:28:02,760 --> 00:28:06,320
Speaker 1: time when the working class was like, we all need

520
00:28:06,359 --> 00:28:07,800
Speaker 1: to work together to make a language so we can

521
00:28:07,840 --> 00:28:10,040
Speaker 1: all understand each other, and that will help us to

522
00:28:10,280 --> 00:28:13,040
Speaker 1: understand each other better, to have more unity, to ferment

523
00:28:13,200 --> 00:28:15,800
Speaker 1: revolution and build a world where the working class can

524
00:28:15,840 --> 00:28:19,719
Speaker 1: be united and look after itself and we cannot versus

525
00:28:19,800 --> 00:28:22,240
Speaker 1: like this sort of idea of nations and languages and

526
00:28:22,280 --> 00:28:24,840
Speaker 1: monolithic language blocks from one group being pitched against another

527
00:28:24,840 --> 00:28:26,760
Speaker 1: group and I'm not understanding each other because they can't

528
00:28:26,760 --> 00:28:29,679
Speaker 1: talk to each other. And like so at the Popular

529
00:28:29,720 --> 00:28:33,520
Speaker 1: Olympics right in nineteen thirty six, and the last surviving

530
00:28:33,560 --> 00:28:37,119
Speaker 1: Popular Olympian died last year, and he was an esperantist

531
00:28:37,280 --> 00:28:41,080
Speaker 1: his whole life, right, So like, yeah, he's born in

532
00:28:41,120 --> 00:28:45,680
Speaker 1: the nineteen twenties, right, he dies in a lot of shit,

533
00:28:46,680 --> 00:28:50,720
Speaker 1: but like I was, so I tried to correspond with him,

534
00:28:50,760 --> 00:28:52,360
Speaker 1: and the only way can correspond with him with through

535
00:28:52,360 --> 00:28:55,280
Speaker 1: the Esperanto society. And like I'm not an esperantist myself,

536
00:28:55,320 --> 00:28:57,760
Speaker 1: but I was. I met all these people who were,

537
00:28:57,840 --> 00:29:00,600
Speaker 1: and there was so inspirational to me, like the sayda

538
00:29:01,000 --> 00:29:03,600
Speaker 1: that like we're going to talk together, we're going to

539
00:29:03,680 --> 00:29:06,120
Speaker 1: play together, and we're going to change the worlds that

540
00:29:06,160 --> 00:29:09,360
Speaker 1: we all understand each other. It's so cool, Like I

541
00:29:09,440 --> 00:29:11,320
Speaker 1: really love this idea of instead of like you learned

542
00:29:11,320 --> 00:29:12,720
Speaker 1: my language so you can talk to me, and we

543
00:29:12,840 --> 00:29:14,880
Speaker 1: learned this language that we all share and then we

544
00:29:14,920 --> 00:29:18,959
Speaker 1: can all talk to each other. And yeah, it's just

545
00:29:19,160 --> 00:29:21,480
Speaker 1: I don't know, I'm really sad that obviously. And Esperanto

546
00:29:21,560 --> 00:29:24,480
Speaker 1: is like designed to be very easy to understand, easy

547
00:29:24,560 --> 00:29:28,400
Speaker 1: to learn, right, particularly complex language. But yeah, they had

548
00:29:28,480 --> 00:29:31,920
Speaker 1: Esperanto translators at the at the Popular Olympics, and that

549
00:29:31,960 --> 00:29:34,240
Speaker 1: the idea was that like, if two people didn't have

550
00:29:34,520 --> 00:29:37,000
Speaker 1: a translator who could go between them, that they could

551
00:29:37,000 --> 00:29:39,800
Speaker 1: just use an esperantist as a passed through right totally,

552
00:29:39,840 --> 00:29:42,560
Speaker 1: And and one of the things I I haven't studied

553
00:29:42,600 --> 00:29:44,440
Speaker 1: as much about Esperanto as I would like, And so

554
00:29:44,480 --> 00:29:46,160
Speaker 1: maybe this is a bit my own conjecture of my

555
00:29:46,200 --> 00:29:48,120
Speaker 1: own projecting onto it. But one of the things that

556
00:29:48,120 --> 00:29:49,800
Speaker 1: struck me about at least the people I talked to

557
00:29:49,840 --> 00:29:52,360
Speaker 1: about it, was that it wasn't meant to be everyone's

558
00:29:52,440 --> 00:29:54,800
Speaker 1: only language, or at least a lot of people. It

559
00:29:54,840 --> 00:29:56,840
Speaker 1: wasn't meant to be your only language. You still speak

560
00:29:57,160 --> 00:30:01,240
Speaker 1: whatever language you're from, but then the internation sal communication

561
00:30:01,360 --> 00:30:03,840
Speaker 1: happens in this language that is no one's mother's tongue,

562
00:30:04,320 --> 00:30:07,560
Speaker 1: mother tongue, and so you avoid this like you know

563
00:30:07,600 --> 00:30:10,400
Speaker 1: more and more, like English is the quote universal language

564
00:30:10,800 --> 00:30:12,640
Speaker 1: in a lot of places and a lot of context,

565
00:30:13,120 --> 00:30:16,880
Speaker 1: and and since it's some of ours, like native tongue,

566
00:30:17,280 --> 00:30:19,520
Speaker 1: you get this like fucking problem where you get this

567
00:30:19,920 --> 00:30:24,240
Speaker 1: more you know, cultural colonialism and all this ship. Um, yeah,

568
00:30:24,240 --> 00:30:27,200
Speaker 1: and so I find us Bronto. Yeah, Like, I don't

569
00:30:27,200 --> 00:30:28,560
Speaker 1: know whether it's like the thing that I'm trying to be,

570
00:30:28,560 --> 00:30:32,480
Speaker 1: like let's bring back us Toronto, but yeah, but it

571
00:30:32,920 --> 00:30:34,600
Speaker 1: it was really interesting. One of the things that really

572
00:30:34,600 --> 00:30:36,400
Speaker 1: strikes me whenever I read some of this history is

573
00:30:36,440 --> 00:30:40,920
Speaker 1: I'm like, oh, the radical left was better at internationalism

574
00:30:40,960 --> 00:30:43,680
Speaker 1: before the fucking Internet. Not because the Internet killed it,

575
00:30:43,720 --> 00:30:47,360
Speaker 1: but just because the way that the movement prioritized communications.

576
00:30:47,400 --> 00:30:51,280
Speaker 1: You would have people like in Brazil commenting on labor

577
00:30:51,320 --> 00:30:55,240
Speaker 1: struggles in Japan, you know, commenting on Portuguese and having

578
00:30:55,240 --> 00:30:57,560
Speaker 1: it have an impact on the decisions that some of

579
00:30:57,600 --> 00:31:00,120
Speaker 1: the Japanese labor struggle people are doing, you know, and like,

580
00:31:01,320 --> 00:31:04,280
Speaker 1: I don't whatever not to get lost in We can

581
00:31:04,320 --> 00:31:06,320
Speaker 1: do it again. We can do it by paying attention

582
00:31:06,360 --> 00:31:11,080
Speaker 1: to each other. So yes, esperanto. Big thing the modern

583
00:31:11,120 --> 00:31:15,720
Speaker 1: school and and the whole modern school was not a

584
00:31:16,080 --> 00:31:17,880
Speaker 1: modest idea. I feel like a lot of the other

585
00:31:17,880 --> 00:31:19,600
Speaker 1: people were like, oh, I'm going to teach some kids,

586
00:31:19,600 --> 00:31:21,400
Speaker 1: and other people might want to do it, but I

587
00:31:21,680 --> 00:31:24,760
Speaker 1: was like, this is the whole thing is couched and

588
00:31:24,800 --> 00:31:27,800
Speaker 1: revolutionary terms. The goal is to develop the kinds of

589
00:31:27,800 --> 00:31:30,560
Speaker 1: people who could make a better society, people who are

590
00:31:30,560 --> 00:31:33,800
Speaker 1: constantly improving themselves. And it was consciously part of the

591
00:31:33,880 --> 00:31:36,800
Speaker 1: larger and archo syndicalist movement, the one that later saw

592
00:31:37,000 --> 00:31:41,120
Speaker 1: millions of workers taking over their factories into a collectivized economy. So,

593
00:31:42,000 --> 00:31:45,360
Speaker 1: you know, in some ways, I'm not saying the modern

594
00:31:45,400 --> 00:31:48,480
Speaker 1: school did that right, but it consciously saw itself as

595
00:31:48,920 --> 00:31:53,440
Speaker 1: we're going to be helping people I don't know become

596
00:31:53,480 --> 00:31:56,880
Speaker 1: the people who can make the world better. The government,

597
00:31:57,520 --> 00:32:02,880
Speaker 1: they weren't really into this. Oh yeah, which, to be fair,

598
00:32:02,960 --> 00:32:05,240
Speaker 1: I guess was mutual. Right. Sometimes I'm like, oh, the

599
00:32:05,280 --> 00:32:09,000
Speaker 1: state's so mean to these people who actively are attempting

600
00:32:09,040 --> 00:32:12,960
Speaker 1: to destroy this. Know, I guess that's fair. Y cops

601
00:32:13,040 --> 00:32:16,040
Speaker 1: raided his house all the time, they followed him around

602
00:32:16,200 --> 00:32:19,360
Speaker 1: all the fucking time, and they also spread rumors about him.

603
00:32:19,640 --> 00:32:22,440
Speaker 1: They were really into spreading rumors that he like gambled

604
00:32:22,480 --> 00:32:26,440
Speaker 1: and had loose morals. Um to be fair, he did

605
00:32:26,520 --> 00:32:31,480
Speaker 1: fuck like a lot. And then but we're just in

606
00:32:31,600 --> 00:32:35,120
Speaker 1: line with his like his his particular moral structure, without

607
00:32:35,400 --> 00:32:37,600
Speaker 1: mean anything wrong with that, right, right, No, totally, And

608
00:32:37,640 --> 00:32:40,120
Speaker 1: within the context of the social movement he was part

609
00:32:40,120 --> 00:32:42,560
Speaker 1: of I'm not aware of people being particularly upset. Well, okay,

610
00:32:42,600 --> 00:32:45,480
Speaker 1: I'll get to one person, but but overall, like no,

611
00:32:45,720 --> 00:32:49,680
Speaker 1: it was like, um yeah, I mean there there were

612
00:32:49,760 --> 00:32:52,680
Speaker 1: arguments within the left and anarchism at that time about

613
00:32:52,720 --> 00:32:55,680
Speaker 1: like the free love and about essentially what you would

614
00:32:55,680 --> 00:32:57,479
Speaker 1: probably call polyamory now and stuff like that. There are

615
00:32:57,520 --> 00:33:01,320
Speaker 1: arguments back and forth. But like, he wasn't breaking his

616
00:33:01,360 --> 00:33:03,800
Speaker 1: own morals. But the government was like, we are going

617
00:33:03,840 --> 00:33:06,160
Speaker 1: to paint this man as horribly as we can, and

618
00:33:06,200 --> 00:33:08,840
Speaker 1: you will soon see why they did all of this work.

619
00:33:09,320 --> 00:33:13,160
Speaker 1: In five someone threw a bomb at the King's carriage.

620
00:33:13,560 --> 00:33:19,680
Speaker 1: It injured seventeen people. Then, in nineteen o six, one

621
00:33:19,720 --> 00:33:22,360
Speaker 1: of the school's textbook printers, who was a twenty year

622
00:33:22,400 --> 00:33:26,800
Speaker 1: old guy named Matteo Morale, he tried to murder the

623
00:33:26,880 --> 00:33:29,440
Speaker 1: King and Queen of Spain on their wedding day. He

624
00:33:30,360 --> 00:33:32,720
Speaker 1: it starts off classy. He put a bomb into the

625
00:33:32,840 --> 00:33:35,320
Speaker 1: into a bouquet of flowers and tried to drop it

626
00:33:35,320 --> 00:33:39,440
Speaker 1: on the wedding procession. It wasn't a good plan. It

627
00:33:39,480 --> 00:33:42,720
Speaker 1: was really actually pretty shitty. He killed twenty four onlookers.

628
00:33:42,720 --> 00:33:45,160
Speaker 1: He injured a hundred and seven people, including all of

629
00:33:45,160 --> 00:33:47,920
Speaker 1: the people who were on the balconies below him, and

630
00:33:48,000 --> 00:33:49,960
Speaker 1: he didn't so much as touch the King and queen.

631
00:33:50,000 --> 00:33:53,080
Speaker 1: Apparently the the queen's wedding dress was covered in the

632
00:33:53,120 --> 00:33:57,760
Speaker 1: blood of the horse, so not well whatever, I think

633
00:33:57,760 --> 00:34:00,840
Speaker 1: my opinion about random bomb means is pbably pretty known

634
00:34:00,880 --> 00:34:06,440
Speaker 1: at this point and mateo, he did this possibly because

635
00:34:06,480 --> 00:34:11,120
Speaker 1: he was love sick. He propositioned one of the women

636
00:34:11,160 --> 00:34:13,680
Speaker 1: at the school, one of the teachers, who was probably

637
00:34:13,719 --> 00:34:19,480
Speaker 1: fucking for their Oh, who's like, and I think she's

638
00:34:19,520 --> 00:34:21,759
Speaker 1: I think like she's way older than this twenty year

639
00:34:21,800 --> 00:34:24,719
Speaker 1: old and she's way younger than for their And she

640
00:34:24,800 --> 00:34:27,080
Speaker 1: said no, and he was like, fuck it, I'm gonna

641
00:34:27,120 --> 00:34:28,600
Speaker 1: try and kill the king. And I don't know if

642
00:34:28,640 --> 00:34:32,040
Speaker 1: this was like to impress this lady or not. Big

643
00:34:32,120 --> 00:34:35,279
Speaker 1: John Henley movie, Yeah, yeah, exactly so John Henkley, he

644
00:34:35,320 --> 00:34:38,000
Speaker 1: takes to the wind and he was spotted at a

645
00:34:38,000 --> 00:34:40,120
Speaker 1: train station. It was as simple as a Spottish trains.

646
00:34:40,200 --> 00:34:42,719
Speaker 1: This is a massive nationwide man hunt to find him,

647
00:34:42,920 --> 00:34:44,680
Speaker 1: and he was like he was in a region where

648
00:34:44,680 --> 00:34:46,359
Speaker 1: he had an accent, and the fact that he had

649
00:34:46,360 --> 00:34:49,840
Speaker 1: like disheveled clothes really like had him stand out or whatever.

650
00:34:50,440 --> 00:34:52,759
Speaker 1: So yet he gets spotted at a train station, they

651
00:34:52,760 --> 00:34:54,839
Speaker 1: come for him, he shoots the cop that's coming for him,

652
00:34:54,880 --> 00:34:57,560
Speaker 1: and then he kills himself, and the cops arrested for

653
00:34:57,600 --> 00:35:00,120
Speaker 1: their for conspiracy, and they held him in prison for

654
00:35:00,200 --> 00:35:02,399
Speaker 1: fucking year before they finally gave up trying to find

655
00:35:02,400 --> 00:35:06,760
Speaker 1: evidence against him because there wasn't any evidence against him.

656
00:35:06,800 --> 00:35:11,200
Speaker 1: And this huge international support campaign came up around around

657
00:35:11,239 --> 00:35:12,800
Speaker 1: this because it was just like, why then are you

658
00:35:12,840 --> 00:35:17,160
Speaker 1: resting this guy? But the cops shut down the Modern

659
00:35:17,239 --> 00:35:20,200
Speaker 1: School like two weeks after they arrested him, and it

660
00:35:20,239 --> 00:35:22,240
Speaker 1: was had only been open for five years. It actually

661
00:35:22,280 --> 00:35:25,160
Speaker 1: never reopens, this this thing that looms large and a

662
00:35:25,200 --> 00:35:28,520
Speaker 1: lot of like popular education, but it only existed for

663
00:35:28,600 --> 00:35:32,280
Speaker 1: five years. And the right wing breeze this a sigh

664
00:35:32,320 --> 00:35:35,719
Speaker 1: of relief because the Modern School fucking terrified them. One

665
00:35:35,800 --> 00:35:39,840
Speaker 1: right wing paper put it like this quote, these crimes

666
00:35:39,920 --> 00:35:43,440
Speaker 1: will continue as long as Spaniards maintain the freedom to read,

667
00:35:43,800 --> 00:35:47,319
Speaker 1: to teach, and to think, from which come all these

668
00:35:47,360 --> 00:35:53,799
Speaker 1: anti social monsters. Yeah, there it is. Yeah, yeah, I

669
00:35:53,800 --> 00:35:55,880
Speaker 1: think we need to put any commentary on that. And

670
00:35:55,960 --> 00:36:02,959
Speaker 1: Spence so so some folks, I don't know, they tried

671
00:36:02,960 --> 00:36:04,480
Speaker 1: to get all the secu so some of the right

672
00:36:04,520 --> 00:36:06,520
Speaker 1: wing people, they tried to get all the secular schools

673
00:36:06,520 --> 00:36:08,319
Speaker 1: shut down as a result as well. They were like, yeah,

674
00:36:08,440 --> 00:36:10,600
Speaker 1: let's shut down all of the ones that aren't Catholic, right,

675
00:36:11,000 --> 00:36:15,560
Speaker 1: and that didn't pass. Um and historians, both anarchists and

676
00:36:15,600 --> 00:36:17,920
Speaker 1: non anarchists, like to argue about whether or not Francisco

677
00:36:17,960 --> 00:36:21,759
Speaker 1: had actually plotted the attack. I don't think he did personally.

678
00:36:22,320 --> 00:36:24,359
Speaker 1: I think that because all of the evidence that they

679
00:36:24,360 --> 00:36:26,440
Speaker 1: have is all the evidence that wasn't even enough for

680
00:36:26,480 --> 00:36:31,080
Speaker 1: this right wing court to use against him. Right. But

681
00:36:31,080 --> 00:36:32,920
Speaker 1: but this is where we start to get two different

682
00:36:32,920 --> 00:36:37,359
Speaker 1: pictures of who Francisco was. On one side, publicly, at

683
00:36:37,360 --> 00:36:40,520
Speaker 1: this point, he's actually he maintains that he's a pacifist

684
00:36:40,719 --> 00:36:42,879
Speaker 1: and it's not even really an anarchist, even though he's

685
00:36:42,920 --> 00:36:46,400
Speaker 1: like and he's just committed to libertarian education. But the

686
00:36:46,440 --> 00:36:48,719
Speaker 1: reason that I and many historians feel safe continue to

687
00:36:48,719 --> 00:36:50,279
Speaker 1: call an anarchist, even at this point, he's like, oh,

688
00:36:50,280 --> 00:36:52,759
Speaker 1: I'm not an anarchist anymore, is it. He's like, he's

689
00:36:52,760 --> 00:36:55,880
Speaker 1: not just running this school, but he's like contributing to

690
00:36:55,920 --> 00:36:58,840
Speaker 1: all the anarchist newspapers, and he's like doing all this

691
00:36:58,920 --> 00:37:02,000
Speaker 1: anarchist organizing or explicitly anarchist ory, and he's like a

692
00:37:02,000 --> 00:37:03,839
Speaker 1: big part of the synarcho syndic Actually he's a big

693
00:37:03,840 --> 00:37:06,600
Speaker 1: part of a syndicalist union that includes anarchists and socialists.

694
00:37:07,160 --> 00:37:10,560
Speaker 1: And but he's like, oh no, I'm just a teacher guy.

695
00:37:10,680 --> 00:37:12,239
Speaker 1: That's like his kind of take. And I think it's

696
00:37:12,280 --> 00:37:15,480
Speaker 1: his take because what we'll get to that. And on

697
00:37:15,520 --> 00:37:19,359
Speaker 1: the other side, he was a bloodthirsty, mad bomber who

698
00:37:19,400 --> 00:37:21,719
Speaker 1: just wanted to see the guts of kings painting the

699
00:37:21,719 --> 00:37:27,040
Speaker 1: walls of Madrid. You know, um I, that's not the problem.

700
00:37:27,120 --> 00:37:30,880
Speaker 1: The problem needs to pull by standers, absolutely, way absolutely

701
00:37:31,760 --> 00:37:35,160
Speaker 1: uh not a very the track record of throwing bombs

702
00:37:35,160 --> 00:37:38,880
Speaker 1: at people you don't like it doesn't work for governments

703
00:37:38,920 --> 00:37:42,120
Speaker 1: when they do it in other countries. It doesn't work.

704
00:37:42,600 --> 00:37:47,480
Speaker 1: Yeah yeah, yeah yeah, Which is an awkward transition into

705
00:37:47,920 --> 00:37:51,000
Speaker 1: our our main sponsor of this show. Um uh the

706
00:37:51,040 --> 00:37:54,319
Speaker 1: circle bomb. Have you ever had a problem that you

707
00:37:54,360 --> 00:37:58,200
Speaker 1: don't know how to? No, No, the bombs. I think

708
00:37:58,239 --> 00:38:01,640
Speaker 1: they're rebranded as obomba sphere. Okay, what about just like

709
00:38:01,680 --> 00:38:06,440
Speaker 1: bouquets of flowers? Without bombs in them. Okay, disappointing, Okay, No, no,

710
00:38:06,440 --> 00:38:09,200
Speaker 1: because like, okay, think about it, because like it's actually

711
00:38:09,239 --> 00:38:11,520
Speaker 1: really nice. Like when my book came out, someone gave

712
00:38:11,520 --> 00:38:13,520
Speaker 1: me a bouquet of flowers and it made me really happy.

713
00:38:13,560 --> 00:38:15,799
Speaker 1: I almost cried and it didn't have a bombinate. And

714
00:38:15,960 --> 00:38:18,160
Speaker 1: think about how much worse that would have been if

715
00:38:18,160 --> 00:38:20,400
Speaker 1: someone was like, congratulations on your book release, and then

716
00:38:20,400 --> 00:38:22,160
Speaker 1: they gave you bouquet flowers and there was a bombinate.

717
00:38:22,840 --> 00:38:27,400
Speaker 1: That'd be bad. It would either way, you're inviting death

718
00:38:27,440 --> 00:38:34,600
Speaker 1: into your home. Yeah, foers, there there is there a

719
00:38:34,640 --> 00:38:37,000
Speaker 1: positive product that you would like to that you would

720
00:38:37,040 --> 00:38:40,279
Speaker 1: like to be the sponsor of this episode A lot

721
00:38:40,320 --> 00:38:43,560
Speaker 1: of time, as we we we previously have been sponsored

722
00:38:43,600 --> 00:38:47,960
Speaker 1: by the concept of potatoes, the concept of clean tap water,

723
00:38:48,840 --> 00:38:55,040
Speaker 1: a always cool pillow, um, a really good comb, smiling children,

724
00:38:55,640 --> 00:38:59,600
Speaker 1: smiling children. I'd like it to be sponsored by like

725
00:39:00,200 --> 00:39:03,279
Speaker 1: the idea of bicycles, because it's great. I feel like

726
00:39:03,320 --> 00:39:06,440
Speaker 1: you're flying while you're still on the ground, and they

727
00:39:06,440 --> 00:39:09,040
Speaker 1: can empower people to travel and see the world and

728
00:39:09,080 --> 00:39:13,560
Speaker 1: meet each other. So yeah, bicycles, I think, alright, no

729
00:39:13,640 --> 00:39:19,040
Speaker 1: particular type of bicycles, Yeah, no, absolutely. Not. Incidentally, bicycles

730
00:39:19,080 --> 00:39:22,239
Speaker 1: in the early twentieth century were used a lot to

731
00:39:22,239 --> 00:39:26,120
Speaker 1: spread socialist Mannichism because he's left wing. Cycling groups would

732
00:39:26,120 --> 00:39:31,040
Speaker 1: travel around rural areas reading prudon and marks through megaphones.

733
00:39:31,800 --> 00:39:35,960
Speaker 1: That's so, that is so weird. You should do it now,

734
00:39:36,000 --> 00:39:39,200
Speaker 1: but don't expect positive results because it will just confuse everyone.

735
00:39:39,520 --> 00:39:43,719
Speaker 1: But the world should be a little word. Yeah, do that.

736
00:39:44,680 --> 00:39:53,080
Speaker 1: And here's some other ads. And we are back and

737
00:39:53,120 --> 00:39:55,800
Speaker 1: we're talking about whether Francisco Frere is a mad bomber

738
00:39:55,920 --> 00:39:58,840
Speaker 1: or a pacifist. And my answer, my guests, is that

739
00:39:58,880 --> 00:40:02,480
Speaker 1: he's somewhere but ween these two. Uh. He absolutely was

740
00:40:02,520 --> 00:40:06,720
Speaker 1: affiliating with the broader anarchist movement, and that included pacifist elements,

741
00:40:06,800 --> 00:40:10,200
Speaker 1: right like Tolstoy, friend of the acts, one of the

742
00:40:10,200 --> 00:40:12,760
Speaker 1: main accidental friends of the pod, someone who just shows

743
00:40:12,800 --> 00:40:14,880
Speaker 1: up in every episode. The three things will show up

744
00:40:14,880 --> 00:40:17,040
Speaker 1: in every episode by accident are Quakers, which aren't in

745
00:40:17,080 --> 00:40:20,239
Speaker 1: this one. I'm sorry, tuberculosis, which is in everyone because

746
00:40:20,239 --> 00:40:23,799
Speaker 1: death weights for all of us, including Flowers and Tolstoy.

747
00:40:23,840 --> 00:40:27,520
Speaker 1: But Tolstoy big part of supporting the libertarian school movement.

748
00:40:27,920 --> 00:40:29,960
Speaker 1: UM he would send all kinds of money and like

749
00:40:30,200 --> 00:40:32,440
Speaker 1: wrote about it, and I think started some of these schools.

750
00:40:32,480 --> 00:40:33,879
Speaker 1: And I kind of want to when I one day

751
00:40:33,920 --> 00:40:36,560
Speaker 1: do a Tolstoy episode, which will I have to include

752
00:40:36,560 --> 00:40:39,640
Speaker 1: also all the terrible things that Tolstoy did. But anyway,

753
00:40:39,880 --> 00:40:43,600
Speaker 1: so he's he's at least friends with some pacifists like Tolstoy,

754
00:40:43,640 --> 00:40:46,080
Speaker 1: but he's also clearly hanging out with the more revolutionary anarchists.

755
00:40:47,040 --> 00:40:49,600
Speaker 1: And this is the this is the fourth attempt by

756
00:40:49,640 --> 00:40:53,359
Speaker 1: the Spanish state to claim he'd plotted an assassination. Even

757
00:40:53,480 --> 00:40:55,080
Speaker 1: he got played for the nineteen of five bombing, the

758
00:40:55,160 --> 00:40:58,640
Speaker 1: nineteen six bombing and to two attacks before then. They

759
00:40:58,640 --> 00:41:00,839
Speaker 1: were like any time any one tried to do something

760
00:41:00,880 --> 00:41:03,040
Speaker 1: in Spain, they were like a Francisco for there is

761
00:41:03,080 --> 00:41:05,560
Speaker 1: behind it. And every time everyone's like, why are you

762
00:41:05,600 --> 00:41:08,680
Speaker 1: saying that? Because he teaches kids, and they're like no, no, no,

763
00:41:09,520 --> 00:41:12,160
Speaker 1: because he tried to kill them, you know, and there's

764
00:41:12,160 --> 00:41:15,600
Speaker 1: like just no fucking evidence. Ever, Um, they really wanted

765
00:41:15,680 --> 00:41:18,600
Speaker 1: him gone, which I think I assume is why he

766
00:41:18,680 --> 00:41:21,320
Speaker 1: was like, I'm not even an anarchist anymore, I'm a pacifist.

767
00:41:21,400 --> 00:41:26,760
Speaker 1: It's because like they kept trying to fucking murder him.

768
00:41:25,120 --> 00:41:29,280
Speaker 1: So he's out of prison. He doesn't have a school anymore.

769
00:41:29,600 --> 00:41:32,319
Speaker 1: He's banned from opening it again, but other people are

770
00:41:32,360 --> 00:41:34,400
Speaker 1: kind of doing that ship now, and Francisco forms the

771
00:41:34,440 --> 00:41:38,480
Speaker 1: straightforwardly named International League for the Rational Education of Children.

772
00:41:39,239 --> 00:41:42,000
Speaker 1: I think this podcast is really actually sponsored by everyone

773
00:41:42,080 --> 00:41:43,640
Speaker 1: on both all sides of things should go back to

774
00:41:43,719 --> 00:41:47,120
Speaker 1: naming their organizations the League of something something m H.

775
00:41:47,560 --> 00:41:49,719
Speaker 1: He travels around Europe. He's talking about all this ship.

776
00:41:50,320 --> 00:41:52,920
Speaker 1: He keeps printing textbooks for all the other libertarian schools

777
00:41:52,920 --> 00:41:55,360
Speaker 1: that are starting to crop up. He starts a newspaper

778
00:41:55,400 --> 00:41:58,680
Speaker 1: to discuss pedagogical ideas to be the equivalent of starting

779
00:41:58,680 --> 00:42:01,600
Speaker 1: like a discord. At this point, I think we should

780
00:42:01,600 --> 00:42:03,799
Speaker 1: be like, one day someone's going to be like, ah, yes,

781
00:42:03,920 --> 00:42:07,440
Speaker 1: James Stout did a lot of work about physical education

782
00:42:07,480 --> 00:42:12,840
Speaker 1: once started a discord. You know, yeah, I am permanently

783
00:42:12,880 --> 00:42:16,479
Speaker 1: banned from discord. Actually yeah, I sent a big video

784
00:42:16,480 --> 00:42:18,440
Speaker 1: of my chickens and it was like you're on something

785
00:42:18,480 --> 00:42:29,239
Speaker 1: really weird, and it banned me. And what was the

786
00:42:29,320 --> 00:42:35,960
Speaker 1: chicken's name? That was Emma Goldham. We also have Wraiths Featherspoon.

787
00:42:40,200 --> 00:42:43,239
Speaker 1: They were just enjoying a mango and of all the

788
00:42:43,280 --> 00:42:45,560
Speaker 1: ship that happens on Discord, I am the one who

789
00:42:45,600 --> 00:42:51,319
Speaker 1: gets ip band it's wild. I understand my bands from

790
00:42:51,320 --> 00:42:54,879
Speaker 1: Twitter for responding to tweets with pictures of Mussolini hanging

791
00:42:54,960 --> 00:42:57,160
Speaker 1: upside down dead like I can see where people might

792
00:42:57,160 --> 00:43:00,400
Speaker 1: get upset by that. I will continue you to do

793
00:43:00,480 --> 00:43:08,320
Speaker 1: it like you can. You can. Don't never take my freedom,

794
00:43:08,440 --> 00:43:11,280
Speaker 1: but I see. And in the last few weeks particularly,

795
00:43:11,280 --> 00:43:14,520
Speaker 1: it's been very hard to restrain myself. But okay, yeah,

796
00:43:15,200 --> 00:43:18,200
Speaker 1: discord not cool with chickens. Why does something happened in

797
00:43:18,200 --> 00:43:23,640
Speaker 1: the past few weeks that's somehow relates to Italy and fascism? Yes,

798
00:43:23,800 --> 00:43:27,120
Speaker 1: quite possibly a girl boss was winning and the Internet

799
00:43:27,120 --> 00:43:30,040
Speaker 1: hates to see a girl boss winning. That's right, Internet

800
00:43:30,160 --> 00:43:35,040
Speaker 1: does a girl boss that And I have positive feelings

801
00:43:35,120 --> 00:43:40,200
Speaker 1: about hierarchy and right wing politicians who use identity in

802
00:43:40,320 --> 00:43:44,440
Speaker 1: order to so um so the league starts, it spreads

803
00:43:44,440 --> 00:43:47,399
Speaker 1: from country to country, and that group we hive, the hive,

804
00:43:47,719 --> 00:43:49,960
Speaker 1: the awkwardly named one maybe the cool name. When someone

805
00:43:49,960 --> 00:43:52,520
Speaker 1: listening this is like, that's the coolest name, and that's fine. Yeah,

806
00:43:52,920 --> 00:43:54,920
Speaker 1: these are pretty cool. Yeah, like they you know, they

807
00:43:54,920 --> 00:43:58,359
Speaker 1: work together, they get stuff downe authoritarian, that's true, but

808
00:43:58,440 --> 00:44:01,440
Speaker 1: you know, I mean, who had okay whatever, like the

809
00:44:01,600 --> 00:44:04,080
Speaker 1: simple okay whatever. There's some joke there that I don't

810
00:44:04,080 --> 00:44:07,480
Speaker 1: know how to make. So the hive joins this league,

811
00:44:07,600 --> 00:44:10,080
Speaker 1: and libertarian education becomes all the rage, and schools are

812
00:44:10,080 --> 00:44:12,960
Speaker 1: cropping up all over the place. And then in nine

813
00:44:13,160 --> 00:44:18,480
Speaker 1: Francisco went back to jail because you see, Spain was

814
00:44:18,520 --> 00:44:22,000
Speaker 1: a colonial power and they've been losing colonies all over

815
00:44:22,040 --> 00:44:25,880
Speaker 1: the place, but they still had Morocco. But in nineteen

816
00:44:25,880 --> 00:44:29,120
Speaker 1: o nine they were losing bad in Morocco. They started

817
00:44:29,120 --> 00:44:34,080
Speaker 1: calling up the reserves to go do a colonialism, and

818
00:44:34,160 --> 00:44:38,960
Speaker 1: James people didn't want to do a colonialism. Yeah, I know.

819
00:44:39,800 --> 00:44:41,560
Speaker 1: I would like to say it was because they were

820
00:44:41,600 --> 00:44:44,640
Speaker 1: all committed anti racist and anti colonialism. I think that

821
00:44:44,719 --> 00:44:48,959
Speaker 1: was part of it. I think mostly someone said, you there, soul,

822
00:44:49,000 --> 00:44:51,680
Speaker 1: bread winner for your family, we would like you to

823
00:44:51,760 --> 00:44:55,000
Speaker 1: go die in some country for no fucking good reason.

824
00:44:57,160 --> 00:44:59,120
Speaker 1: I don't know, that's my take on it. I'm curious

825
00:44:59,120 --> 00:45:03,120
Speaker 1: if you know this has never happened again in history, fortunately,

826
00:45:03,640 --> 00:45:07,600
Speaker 1: But yeah, well, I mean there is an element that

827
00:45:07,800 --> 00:45:12,680
Speaker 1: is like anarchism anarchism anarcho syndicalism are much much more

828
00:45:12,719 --> 00:45:16,480
Speaker 1: relevant than the like communism in Catlan, labor organizing at

829
00:45:16,480 --> 00:45:19,760
Speaker 1: this time and since this time, until the nineteen thirties.

830
00:45:20,800 --> 00:45:22,880
Speaker 1: So like, there's an element that I'm sure it's committed

831
00:45:22,880 --> 00:45:27,279
Speaker 1: to anti colonialism that exists within the Catalan left, but

832
00:45:27,719 --> 00:45:29,640
Speaker 1: I think the larger idea being like, I don't want

833
00:45:29,680 --> 00:45:31,839
Speaker 1: to go and die so someone else can make some money.

834
00:45:31,920 --> 00:45:34,840
Speaker 1: I don't want to participate in war, which is scary,

835
00:45:35,080 --> 00:45:38,120
Speaker 1: and you know, there is no veterans pension, there's no

836
00:45:38,239 --> 00:45:40,399
Speaker 1: v a right. You might come back with one less leg,

837
00:45:40,440 --> 00:45:43,200
Speaker 1: but they're not going to help you. And if you're

838
00:45:43,239 --> 00:45:45,839
Speaker 1: going to go and die in Morocco fighting the riff,

839
00:45:46,600 --> 00:45:49,400
Speaker 1: why not die in the street in Barcelona trying to

840
00:45:50,000 --> 00:45:51,959
Speaker 1: stop it? Being the case that the state can force

841
00:45:52,000 --> 00:45:54,560
Speaker 1: you to go to Morocco and fight the riff, which

842
00:45:54,640 --> 00:45:55,920
Speaker 1: which is more or less how it goes down. A

843
00:45:55,960 --> 00:45:59,880
Speaker 1: lot of people made that decision and had that end result.

844
00:46:00,719 --> 00:46:05,760
Speaker 1: Syndicalas called for a general strike on July. The government

845
00:46:05,840 --> 00:46:08,319
Speaker 1: responded in the same way that they've responded to every

846
00:46:08,360 --> 00:46:10,200
Speaker 1: strike so far in this episode and pretty much every

847
00:46:10,200 --> 00:46:13,200
Speaker 1: strike I've covered on the show by firing on people

848
00:46:13,960 --> 00:46:17,759
Speaker 1: for being on strike then declaring martial law. So the

849
00:46:17,800 --> 00:46:20,279
Speaker 1: general strike became an insurrection because they were like, we

850
00:46:20,320 --> 00:46:22,440
Speaker 1: don't actually want martial law. We want to continue to

851
00:46:22,640 --> 00:46:25,000
Speaker 1: have power over our own lives, and they didn't want

852
00:46:25,000 --> 00:46:28,960
Speaker 1: to fucking go invade Morocco. And this gets called the

853
00:46:28,960 --> 00:46:31,920
Speaker 1: Tragic Week. More than a hundred people die at the

854
00:46:31,920 --> 00:46:34,320
Speaker 1: hands of the police, about eight cops get got to

855
00:46:36,200 --> 00:46:38,759
Speaker 1: and as far as I can tell, one of the

856
00:46:38,800 --> 00:46:41,640
Speaker 1: kind of interesting things about it, like the Syndicalus were

857
00:46:41,719 --> 00:46:45,040
Speaker 1: one of the main organizing bodies behind it, but it

858
00:46:45,080 --> 00:46:48,759
Speaker 1: was Republicans and liberals and Cantalan nationalists and socialists and anarchists,

859
00:46:49,400 --> 00:46:51,879
Speaker 1: and it was it was fairly spontaneous, is at least

860
00:46:51,880 --> 00:46:53,960
Speaker 1: the read I've I've gotten, And I'm wondering if that

861
00:46:54,680 --> 00:46:59,280
Speaker 1: maps to here. Yeah, there's always been some links towards

862
00:46:59,360 --> 00:47:02,160
Speaker 1: these people, right, like, and some of these people like

863
00:47:02,320 --> 00:47:06,440
Speaker 1: end up on the on the other side. And when

864
00:47:06,440 --> 00:47:09,800
Speaker 1: we get to the Spanish Civil War, right, but these

865
00:47:09,880 --> 00:47:13,240
Speaker 1: people always had these uneasy alliances, right that, like, especially

866
00:47:13,239 --> 00:47:17,520
Speaker 1: the Catalan nationalists and the anarchists, right, so compounds who's

867
00:47:17,600 --> 00:47:20,680
Speaker 1: the president one of a better term of Catalonia when

868
00:47:20,719 --> 00:47:23,520
Speaker 1: the civil war starts. Had previously been a lawyer for

869
00:47:23,560 --> 00:47:28,719
Speaker 1: anarchists who were facing the same state persecution, right and

870
00:47:28,719 --> 00:47:32,680
Speaker 1: and Catalonia like certainly by the nineteen thirties develops, and

871
00:47:32,840 --> 00:47:35,560
Speaker 1: maybe in part because of the Tragic Week, and because

872
00:47:36,200 --> 00:47:38,960
Speaker 1: as Catalan nationalists, even if they were bourgeois, which they

873
00:47:39,000 --> 00:47:42,680
Speaker 1: mostly were, they were familiar with the concept of being

874
00:47:42,800 --> 00:47:46,160
Speaker 1: ruled by an hoblitary power that you didn't choose, in

875
00:47:46,160 --> 00:47:48,279
Speaker 1: this case Madrid. A lots of them felt that like

876
00:47:48,360 --> 00:47:50,319
Speaker 1: it should be the other They didn't particularly feel that

877
00:47:50,440 --> 00:47:53,160
Speaker 1: there should be self determination for nations. Some did, but

878
00:47:53,160 --> 00:47:54,360
Speaker 1: many of them just felt like it should be the

879
00:47:54,400 --> 00:47:56,920
Speaker 1: other way around, that Barcelona should rule Madrid and not Madrida.

880
00:47:58,320 --> 00:48:04,399
Speaker 1: So they weren't even as they were just supremacists. Yeah. Yeah,

881
00:48:04,920 --> 00:48:08,600
Speaker 1: Catalonia was much more economically advanced than Madrid at this time, right,

882
00:48:08,680 --> 00:48:11,920
Speaker 1: much more industrialized. Catalonia, the basqu country outstripped, which is

883
00:48:11,920 --> 00:48:14,120
Speaker 1: why you have this working class where you have these unions,

884
00:48:14,160 --> 00:48:16,360
Speaker 1: when you have this organization, right, and many of the

885
00:48:16,400 --> 00:48:20,680
Speaker 1: working class weren't born in Catalonia, didn't speak Catalan. They

886
00:48:20,840 --> 00:48:23,800
Speaker 1: often called them later chapnego is kind of a slurd

887
00:48:23,840 --> 00:48:27,080
Speaker 1: that's used more fiano, like they're like pretending they're from

888
00:48:27,080 --> 00:48:31,839
Speaker 1: mercia Um, part of Spain. Like there you can see

889
00:48:31,880 --> 00:48:34,280
Speaker 1: science in front of these like shanty towns to develop

890
00:48:34,320 --> 00:48:36,399
Speaker 1: around the factory. You can see pictures of them saying

891
00:48:36,440 --> 00:48:40,360
Speaker 1: like Catalon, your ends here, Martha starts here. Well, okay,

892
00:48:40,800 --> 00:48:43,120
Speaker 1: so sometimes they would be complete turned to one another.

893
00:48:43,200 --> 00:48:46,120
Speaker 1: But then yeah, when there comes a chance to take

894
00:48:46,160 --> 00:48:49,040
Speaker 1: a swing at the Spanish state, particularly when the Spanish

895
00:48:49,040 --> 00:48:51,239
Speaker 1: state is in the form of monarchy, there's a whole

896
00:48:51,239 --> 00:48:52,680
Speaker 1: lot of people who are just going to join in

897
00:48:52,719 --> 00:48:54,480
Speaker 1: and be like, yeah, suck it. Oh, put that aside

898
00:48:54,520 --> 00:48:58,359
Speaker 1: for now, let's go. Yeah, it didn't go incredibly well

899
00:48:58,400 --> 00:49:03,239
Speaker 1: in the end. Um. Thus the name Tragic Week, which

900
00:49:03,280 --> 00:49:05,680
Speaker 1: is what I pitched as the name of this podcast,

901
00:49:05,760 --> 00:49:11,840
Speaker 1: is the Tragic Podcast Week podcast. Sophie's um looking confused. No,

902
00:49:12,840 --> 00:49:15,239
Speaker 1: I could be a new weekly show, the Tragic Week

903
00:49:15,680 --> 00:49:24,359
Speaker 1: this week and bad stuff bummer Town. Yeah, what if

904
00:49:24,360 --> 00:49:26,359
Speaker 1: I pivot to something totally What if I start talking

905
00:49:26,360 --> 00:49:32,000
Speaker 1: about bad Okay? Anyway, so people get indicted for this

906
00:49:32,080 --> 00:49:36,120
Speaker 1: rebellion and the anarchists they tried four times previously to

907
00:49:36,160 --> 00:49:39,680
Speaker 1: frame up Francisco Fredair. He's one of them, and he

908
00:49:39,719 --> 00:49:42,680
Speaker 1: gets accused of being the leader of the entire rebellion.

909
00:49:43,120 --> 00:49:45,719
Speaker 1: What a funny coincidence that this person that they keep

910
00:49:45,800 --> 00:49:49,440
Speaker 1: trying to murder, it's suddenly accused of being the leader

911
00:49:49,480 --> 00:49:53,680
Speaker 1: of thousands and thousands and thousands of people. And to

912
00:49:53,719 --> 00:49:56,280
Speaker 1: be clear, if he had been the leader of this rebellion,

913
00:49:56,480 --> 00:49:59,520
Speaker 1: he would absolutely be cool person doing cool stuff and

914
00:49:59,560 --> 00:50:04,719
Speaker 1: beyond the show. But uh, the old saying applies here.

915
00:50:04,840 --> 00:50:08,920
Speaker 1: We support our prisoners even when they're innocent. And fair

916
00:50:09,080 --> 00:50:12,440
Speaker 1: was probably innocent, not I. I totally stayed home. What

917
00:50:12,480 --> 00:50:15,239
Speaker 1: are you talking about? Innocent? He almost certainly threw down.

918
00:50:15,320 --> 00:50:17,879
Speaker 1: He was like forty nine or fifty the tragic week,

919
00:50:18,600 --> 00:50:22,160
Speaker 1: he almost certainly was like part of it and probably

920
00:50:22,239 --> 00:50:25,320
Speaker 1: fighting with violence against the people who are trying to

921
00:50:25,440 --> 00:50:29,640
Speaker 1: kill him and everyone else, you know. And is his Yeah,

922
00:50:29,680 --> 00:50:32,960
Speaker 1: his his trials a sham. It's a military tribunal. They

923
00:50:33,120 --> 00:50:35,640
Speaker 1: kind of just don't bother entering evidence besides the fact

924
00:50:35,680 --> 00:50:39,000
Speaker 1: that he's an anarchist, and he and four others get

925
00:50:39,000 --> 00:50:43,879
Speaker 1: condemned to death. So in October nine, he's fifty years old,

926
00:50:44,200 --> 00:50:46,520
Speaker 1: they lead him to the trenches outside of Fortress one,

927
00:50:46,560 --> 00:50:50,080
Speaker 1: where anarchists have been tortured and executed before most week

928
00:50:50,480 --> 00:50:55,759
Speaker 1: I did not have pronounced as I didn't write into script. Yeah. Yeah,

929
00:50:56,600 --> 00:50:58,280
Speaker 1: it's a good place to go of you on holiday

930
00:50:58,280 --> 00:51:01,600
Speaker 1: that you can find like the routie it's buried there.

931
00:51:02,160 --> 00:51:06,360
Speaker 1: Oh okay ship so they just this is just keeping Yeah, No,

932
00:51:06,440 --> 00:51:11,360
Speaker 1: it's a very cool si. Yeah, there's a little memorial

933
00:51:11,360 --> 00:51:15,560
Speaker 1: and it's like different for that, but for roast it's

934
00:51:15,600 --> 00:51:18,560
Speaker 1: like this one, like big Headstone just got like yeah,

935
00:51:18,600 --> 00:51:20,600
Speaker 1: there's lots of cool people in there. Check it out.

936
00:51:20,880 --> 00:51:27,919
Speaker 1: When Companch was executed. It's where the Olympics were. Yeah,

937
00:51:28,120 --> 00:51:31,000
Speaker 1: see the fortress where the commander of the fortress was

938
00:51:31,040 --> 00:51:34,160
Speaker 1: like killed by his non commissioned officers who then handed

939
00:51:34,160 --> 00:51:36,640
Speaker 1: all the weapons in the armory too anarchists. Hell yeah

940
00:51:36,760 --> 00:51:42,640
Speaker 1: yeah yeah, coming back twenty years later. Yeah, and all

941
00:51:42,640 --> 00:51:47,640
Speaker 1: the other energies have been tortured there. Yeah. His last

942
00:51:47,680 --> 00:51:51,200
Speaker 1: words And this might be apocryphal because I cannot quite

943
00:51:51,320 --> 00:51:53,319
Speaker 1: fathom the source for the last words for the guy

944
00:51:53,320 --> 00:51:55,600
Speaker 1: that they drag out to a ditch and execute, but

945
00:51:55,880 --> 00:51:59,600
Speaker 1: his last words were to his fireing squad. Aim Well,

946
00:51:59,680 --> 00:52:03,479
Speaker 1: my and you are not responsible. I am innocent. Long

947
00:52:03,520 --> 00:52:08,080
Speaker 1: live the modern school and and you know, and part

948
00:52:08,080 --> 00:52:10,640
Speaker 1: of the reason I actually do believe him about his

949
00:52:10,680 --> 00:52:12,279
Speaker 1: like innocence or whatever. I mean again, like he was

950
00:52:12,280 --> 00:52:16,240
Speaker 1: probably fighting, but like is that like the more bomber

951
00:52:16,239 --> 00:52:19,440
Speaker 1: type anarchists who are also have badass last words are like,

952
00:52:20,120 --> 00:52:23,200
Speaker 1: you know, funk all you someone else will blow you

953
00:52:23,280 --> 00:52:27,279
Speaker 1: up instead. Yeah, you know, And he's like, no, you're

954
00:52:27,320 --> 00:52:29,480
Speaker 1: working class people who have been like put in this

955
00:52:29,560 --> 00:52:33,840
Speaker 1: bad position. You shouldn't be doing this. But whatever, my

956
00:52:33,960 --> 00:52:38,600
Speaker 1: will live on. There's a big narrative of like anarchist

957
00:52:38,719 --> 00:52:41,600
Speaker 1: martyrdom in this time and this movement as well, right,

958
00:52:41,600 --> 00:52:44,880
Speaker 1: and I think it fits within like the idea of

959
00:52:44,880 --> 00:52:47,800
Speaker 1: how geographies and saints lives, which is very culturally relevant

960
00:52:47,800 --> 00:52:50,600
Speaker 1: in that part of the world. That's a good point.

961
00:52:51,239 --> 00:52:53,080
Speaker 1: I don't want to like, I don't want to like Spain.

962
00:52:53,120 --> 00:52:55,400
Speaker 1: It's essentially culturally Catholic, and these people he's doing a

963
00:52:55,440 --> 00:52:57,239
Speaker 1: different version of that, because that's not true. They're doing

964
00:52:57,280 --> 00:52:59,440
Speaker 1: something very different, Like that's not what I'm saying. That

965
00:52:59,680 --> 00:53:02,520
Speaker 1: the idea of having something to say for your last words,

966
00:53:03,120 --> 00:53:06,200
Speaker 1: because because martyrdom is important and because your ideas will

967
00:53:06,239 --> 00:53:09,719
Speaker 1: live longer than you will. It doesn't not fit that

968
00:53:09,800 --> 00:53:11,440
Speaker 1: he would have thought about what to say and then

969
00:53:11,440 --> 00:53:15,680
Speaker 1: said it. Yeah, yeah, and I mean honestly, I mean,

970
00:53:16,000 --> 00:53:18,640
Speaker 1: from from my point of view, like some of the

971
00:53:18,680 --> 00:53:20,880
Speaker 1: stuff that comes out of being culturally Catholic, if you

972
00:53:20,920 --> 00:53:22,920
Speaker 1: strip away all the power and all the obedience to

973
00:53:22,960 --> 00:53:25,359
Speaker 1: the church and ship like yeah, okay, if it means

974
00:53:25,360 --> 00:53:28,040
Speaker 1: that people are like I want to go down with

975
00:53:28,080 --> 00:53:31,239
Speaker 1: really cool last words and want to like be brave

976
00:53:31,360 --> 00:53:35,439
Speaker 1: to the last and ship. Yeah, being prepared to die

977
00:53:35,560 --> 00:53:37,320
Speaker 1: for your like a thing that you believe it is

978
00:53:37,360 --> 00:53:41,480
Speaker 1: more important than you is inherent to to this anarchism

979
00:53:41,520 --> 00:53:43,920
Speaker 1: as well as as Catholicism. Right. It becomes a big

980
00:53:43,920 --> 00:53:46,320
Speaker 1: problem in the Civil War because they keep just frankly

981
00:53:46,400 --> 00:53:53,360
Speaker 1: charging machine. Yeah, yeah, that is that's when the downsides. Yeah,

982
00:53:53,560 --> 00:53:59,440
Speaker 1: but no respect and overnight he's a martyr, to quote

983
00:54:00,040 --> 00:54:04,840
Speaker 1: the historian Paul Average. In Europe, in America, even in Asia,

984
00:54:05,000 --> 00:54:07,600
Speaker 1: hundreds of meetings took place to denounce what was regarded

985
00:54:07,600 --> 00:54:13,400
Speaker 1: as a monstrous miscarriage of justice. There were demonstrations in London, Rome, Berlin, Vienna, Amsterdam, Brussels,

986
00:54:13,440 --> 00:54:16,720
Speaker 1: Geneva and many other cities. A crowd of fifteen thousand

987
00:54:16,719 --> 00:54:20,240
Speaker 1: people stormed the Spanish embassy in Paris, while in Milan

988
00:54:20,360 --> 00:54:22,560
Speaker 1: a group of anarchists ran the black flag from the

989
00:54:22,560 --> 00:54:25,520
Speaker 1: spire of the Great Cathedral. But the protests were not

990
00:54:25,560 --> 00:54:28,920
Speaker 1: only by anarchists. They came from all sections of liberal society,

991
00:54:30,520 --> 00:54:34,920
Speaker 1: and a Brown University sociologist wrote, but Air was a

992
00:54:34,960 --> 00:54:37,960
Speaker 1: martyr to the principle of education. There have been martyrs

993
00:54:37,960 --> 00:54:41,359
Speaker 1: to religion and to science, but never before was there

994
00:54:41,400 --> 00:54:46,960
Speaker 1: a martyr to education. And it was this execution that

995
00:54:47,080 --> 00:54:50,719
Speaker 1: spread his ideas outside of radical circles. Finally, you know,

996
00:54:50,760 --> 00:54:53,640
Speaker 1: no one like he was very him and his work

997
00:54:53,640 --> 00:54:56,480
Speaker 1: were a big deal within this fairly large movement that

998
00:54:56,520 --> 00:54:58,640
Speaker 1: he was part of. Right, but this is this is

999
00:54:58,719 --> 00:55:00,800
Speaker 1: kind of when the rest of the world heard about

1000
00:55:00,880 --> 00:55:04,399
Speaker 1: his ideas was when they killed him. After this, he's

1001
00:55:04,480 --> 00:55:07,400
Speaker 1: he's the front page of the New York Times. Brussels

1002
00:55:07,440 --> 00:55:09,640
Speaker 1: puts up more than one monument to him. There's like

1003
00:55:09,719 --> 00:55:12,480
Speaker 1: different ones, there's like plaques, there's a statue than the

1004
00:55:12,520 --> 00:55:14,680
Speaker 1: statue I think gets destroyed in World War One and

1005
00:55:14,719 --> 00:55:19,279
Speaker 1: then like gets real rebuilt in the twenties in the

1006
00:55:19,480 --> 00:55:22,879
Speaker 1: in the US your chicken. Em A gold Hen goes

1007
00:55:22,960 --> 00:55:26,320
Speaker 1: coast to coast in the US teaching his ideas in

1008
00:55:26,400 --> 00:55:29,280
Speaker 1: nineteen ten. It's very old chicken. It's actually Emma Goldman.

1009
00:55:29,400 --> 00:55:34,040
Speaker 1: Anyone who okay, anyway, Yeah, people are genuinely confused. That's

1010
00:55:34,040 --> 00:55:37,200
Speaker 1: why I got banned from discord. Yeah, that's right, exactly,

1011
00:55:37,719 --> 00:55:41,360
Speaker 1: Catholic Church discord in hand. Yeah, well you were on

1012
00:55:41,360 --> 00:55:45,160
Speaker 1: the Catholic Church Discord Server. So it's really that was

1013
00:55:45,200 --> 00:55:47,600
Speaker 1: the main problem. Yeah, it was on the Opus stay

1014
00:55:47,680 --> 00:55:50,440
Speaker 1: so ever again Yeah, I know. Um, and so we've

1015
00:55:50,440 --> 00:55:54,399
Speaker 1: got to stop doing that. And free thinkers in birth

1016
00:55:54,400 --> 00:55:56,640
Speaker 1: control advocates teamed up with anarchists in the U S

1017
00:55:56,680 --> 00:55:59,400
Speaker 1: and they formed the Francisco Fadair Association, which was like

1018
00:55:59,400 --> 00:56:02,640
Speaker 1: a very CROs class organization. The anarchists were mostly Eastern

1019
00:56:02,680 --> 00:56:05,680
Speaker 1: European Jewish immigrants. The freethinkers were generally a bit older,

1020
00:56:05,719 --> 00:56:08,640
Speaker 1: born in the US and middle class, and they started

1021
00:56:08,640 --> 00:56:12,040
Speaker 1: schools all over the world. People started schools that lasted

1022
00:56:12,080 --> 00:56:15,600
Speaker 1: for decades um. Most lasted about a decade to be real.

1023
00:56:15,960 --> 00:56:18,839
Speaker 1: Only one, the Fedair Center in Stalton, New Jersey, lasted

1024
00:56:18,880 --> 00:56:22,719
Speaker 1: until ninette and his death ended the career of two

1025
00:56:22,760 --> 00:56:28,200
Speaker 1: different prime ministers, which the first one was forced to

1026
00:56:28,280 --> 00:56:31,279
Speaker 1: resign by international outrage. These are the two ways that

1027
00:56:31,280 --> 00:56:34,120
Speaker 1: anarchist were getting ship done at the time, right one

1028
00:56:34,160 --> 00:56:37,400
Speaker 1: of them was forced by international outrage to resign, So

1029
00:56:37,440 --> 00:56:40,080
Speaker 1: then the next one steps in. So in an anarchist,

1030
00:56:40,200 --> 00:56:43,279
Speaker 1: an anarchist in revenge for far Air just kills him.

1031
00:56:43,400 --> 00:56:45,680
Speaker 1: I think he's like window shopping and the guy just

1032
00:56:46,000 --> 00:56:50,000
Speaker 1: kills him. And and there's rumors that Farrere's girlfriend, the

1033
00:56:50,000 --> 00:56:54,200
Speaker 1: one who was from earlier or whatever, the teacher, there's

1034
00:56:54,239 --> 00:56:56,360
Speaker 1: rumors that she was involved in the conspiracy for this

1035
00:56:56,480 --> 00:56:58,720
Speaker 1: second one, being like, well, someone's kind of kills someone,

1036
00:56:58,760 --> 00:57:02,759
Speaker 1: and my boyfriend someone's got to stab someone, you know.

1037
00:57:04,800 --> 00:57:07,520
Speaker 1: The New Jersey for Air Center was a cultural center

1038
00:57:07,560 --> 00:57:09,720
Speaker 1: and evening school, and of course it was a day school.

1039
00:57:10,040 --> 00:57:12,600
Speaker 1: Lectures were held for workers. It was basically who's who

1040
00:57:12,600 --> 00:57:16,520
Speaker 1: have prominent artists, authors, lawyers, philosophers and organizers. If I'm

1041
00:57:16,560 --> 00:57:20,040
Speaker 1: being honest, though, for Air's legacy wasn't really these schools.

1042
00:57:20,440 --> 00:57:22,600
Speaker 1: Most of them didn't last, and that last one wasn't

1043
00:57:22,720 --> 00:57:25,360
Speaker 1: honestly super impressive. I mean whatever, it was better than

1044
00:57:25,400 --> 00:57:29,000
Speaker 1: anything I've ever done, but like it whatever in the US,

1045
00:57:29,080 --> 00:57:31,800
Speaker 1: the Red Scare really fucked the idea of popular education

1046
00:57:31,880 --> 00:57:34,760
Speaker 1: over um, and so the people doing things really explicitly

1047
00:57:34,760 --> 00:57:38,760
Speaker 1: in his name weren't the thing that came of his

1048
00:57:38,840 --> 00:57:41,960
Speaker 1: life and his work. His his legacy was his impact

1049
00:57:41,960 --> 00:57:45,200
Speaker 1: on pedagogy worldwide and on the ideas of his schools

1050
00:57:45,800 --> 00:57:48,200
Speaker 1: and his work as like one of many many influences

1051
00:57:48,200 --> 00:57:51,640
Speaker 1: on popular education. Because it's not like he didn't coin this,

1052
00:57:51,720 --> 00:57:55,040
Speaker 1: but but he became the symbol around which this this coalesced,

1053
00:57:55,560 --> 00:57:58,600
Speaker 1: and so various free school movements cropped up in his wake,

1054
00:57:59,120 --> 00:58:02,400
Speaker 1: somewhere directly influenced by him, some less so. Anarchists in

1055
00:58:02,440 --> 00:58:05,560
Speaker 1: France maybe took his ideas the furthest Before World War Two,

1056
00:58:05,600 --> 00:58:08,240
Speaker 1: they set up the Proletarian University, which was crushed during

1057
00:58:08,280 --> 00:58:11,120
Speaker 1: the war. After the war they set up even more schools.

1058
00:58:11,120 --> 00:58:14,440
Speaker 1: They proposed the idea of instead of tracking a country

1059
00:58:14,480 --> 00:58:17,920
Speaker 1: success based on economic development, tracking it by cultural development,

1060
00:58:18,120 --> 00:58:22,280
Speaker 1: which has like had lasting impact on world politics. In

1061
00:58:22,360 --> 00:58:25,520
Speaker 1: Latin America, popular education was taken up more by Marxists

1062
00:58:25,520 --> 00:58:30,000
Speaker 1: and by future friend of the pod liberation theology. But yeah,

1063
00:58:30,360 --> 00:58:34,880
Speaker 1: but popular education, that struggle continues today. Boys and girls

1064
00:58:34,920 --> 00:58:38,120
Speaker 1: are often educated together. But most of the popular education ideas, remember,

1065
00:58:38,520 --> 00:58:41,400
Speaker 1: remain only a dream except for a handful of lucky

1066
00:58:41,400 --> 00:58:43,680
Speaker 1: students who have no homework and of discipline. We get

1067
00:58:43,680 --> 00:58:46,440
Speaker 1: to have self direction in their education. We learn crafts

1068
00:58:46,480 --> 00:58:49,080
Speaker 1: and sciences both and have a formal and equals, say

1069
00:58:49,080 --> 00:58:54,360
Speaker 1: in running other schools. So the education that they're they're

1070
00:58:54,400 --> 00:58:57,320
Speaker 1: all working towards, we're still working towards, would be an

1071
00:58:57,400 --> 00:59:00,400
Speaker 1: education that teaches people that they have both individuality and

1072
00:59:00,440 --> 00:59:03,040
Speaker 1: they also have the capacity to organize collectively, and people

1073
00:59:03,080 --> 00:59:05,000
Speaker 1: who are brought up ready to make a better world.

1074
00:59:05,200 --> 00:59:09,600
Speaker 1: That's my my rousing summation that I wrote. Pretty proud

1075
00:59:09,640 --> 00:59:14,120
Speaker 1: of that. Yeah he should be great. Yeah he's a

1076
00:59:14,120 --> 00:59:17,120
Speaker 1: cool guy. Also opposed to bullfighting. Sometimes his name is

1077
00:59:17,480 --> 00:59:23,760
Speaker 1: raised like inn in like Catalan people have become increasingly

1078
00:59:23,760 --> 00:59:28,160
Speaker 1: opposed to bullfighting spanning Catalonia now uh and like sometimes

1079
00:59:28,160 --> 00:59:30,000
Speaker 1: you'll see him sited as one of the first like

1080
00:59:30,120 --> 00:59:34,439
Speaker 1: anti bullfighting catlans. That's cool? Was he just like that's

1081
00:59:34,480 --> 00:59:37,480
Speaker 1: fucked up? Why would you do that thing? They keep

1082
00:59:37,680 --> 00:59:41,200
Speaker 1: mowing people down? Or like what's the as I've been

1083
00:59:41,280 --> 00:59:45,280
Speaker 1: mowed down by a bull in my younger years, broken

1084
00:59:45,320 --> 00:59:49,520
Speaker 1: a lot of ribs, kind of like it was all right, yeah, yeah, yeah,

1085
00:59:49,640 --> 00:59:51,920
Speaker 1: fuck it. You shouldn't be mean too animals. I entirely

1086
00:59:51,920 --> 00:59:54,480
Speaker 1: deserved it, Like it was my fault. If you're going

1087
00:59:54,560 --> 00:59:58,800
Speaker 1: to animals, yeah, they should you if you hurt them, yeah,

1088
00:59:58,840 --> 01:00:04,560
Speaker 1: I it all guilt. Yeah, I like I like cows.

1089
01:00:04,560 --> 01:00:06,480
Speaker 1: You shouldn't hurt them if they hurt you. When you're

1090
01:00:06,520 --> 01:00:10,040
Speaker 1: hurting the mate, your fault. No, I think his his

1091
01:00:10,080 --> 01:00:11,640
Speaker 1: opposition was more on the lines that this is the

1092
01:00:11,680 --> 01:00:14,560
Speaker 1: way that we could inculcate nationalism and it's a weird

1093
01:00:14,560 --> 01:00:17,280
Speaker 1: blood cult, what the fox is happening. It wasn't specifically

1094
01:00:17,480 --> 01:00:20,760
Speaker 1: like this is mean, like because Spain has this whole

1095
01:00:20,840 --> 01:00:23,280
Speaker 1: thing with bulls and national identity, right, like the big

1096
01:00:23,280 --> 01:00:25,960
Speaker 1: Osborne Sherry bulls on hillsides that you see in Spain

1097
01:00:26,000 --> 01:00:29,840
Speaker 1: and stuff. It's a very strange thing. And he was like,

1098
01:00:29,880 --> 01:00:33,080
Speaker 1: now this is weird. We need to stop. Yeah. All

1099
01:00:33,120 --> 01:00:35,760
Speaker 1: around had some really progressive ideas or ahead of the

1100
01:00:35,800 --> 01:00:39,000
Speaker 1: time in many ways, and Catalan people will know him

1101
01:00:39,040 --> 01:00:44,840
Speaker 1: as Francesca as well that they have perfectly well understood Francisco,

1102
01:00:44,920 --> 01:00:46,800
Speaker 1: which is what most people will say in the rest

1103
01:00:46,840 --> 01:00:49,720
Speaker 1: of the world. And it is on his gravestone. Oh huh.

1104
01:00:50,480 --> 01:00:52,440
Speaker 1: Checked it's with an oh, like the Spanish, not in

1105
01:00:52,440 --> 01:00:57,160
Speaker 1: the Catalan. I wonder whether I wonder how he would

1106
01:00:57,160 --> 01:00:59,720
Speaker 1: have felt about that, you know, I guess it was

1107
01:00:59,560 --> 01:01:01,680
Speaker 1: it was like it's all nationalists, I guess, so maybe

1108
01:01:01,720 --> 01:01:05,080
Speaker 1: it would have been like same. I don't know. Most

1109
01:01:05,120 --> 01:01:08,800
Speaker 1: of the anarchists at the time spoke in Spanish, not

1110
01:01:08,840 --> 01:01:11,120
Speaker 1: known in Catalan because most of the working class did

1111
01:01:11,120 --> 01:01:15,520
Speaker 1: the same. Yeah, I mean depends where his name was

1112
01:01:15,520 --> 01:01:19,760
Speaker 1: in Esperanto, I guess, yeah, totally. Yeah, it's interesting because

1113
01:01:19,760 --> 01:01:22,280
Speaker 1: it's his grave standards. I'm looking at it is Francisco

1114
01:01:22,640 --> 01:01:28,000
Speaker 1: Ferrari Guarthia. But then the inscription from the door, it's

1115
01:01:28,000 --> 01:01:33,000
Speaker 1: like it's in Catalan. Oh ship huh. At least I'm

1116
01:01:33,000 --> 01:01:34,960
Speaker 1: looking now, well, I know it's not. No, it's it's

1117
01:01:34,960 --> 01:01:37,960
Speaker 1: in Spanish with the name of the school in Catalan. Okay, well,

1118
01:01:38,160 --> 01:01:40,960
Speaker 1: in honor of Francisco for there. I'm going to now

1119
01:01:41,160 --> 01:01:46,160
Speaker 1: redo reread the entire script in Esperanto. So everyone, um,

1120
01:01:46,320 --> 01:01:50,760
Speaker 1: hold on, glub James, do you ever anything you'd like

1121
01:01:50,840 --> 01:01:55,400
Speaker 1: to plug? I already plugged some stuff last time, so

1122
01:01:55,480 --> 01:01:58,040
Speaker 1: I guess they don't don't funk with bulls. I think

1123
01:01:58,080 --> 01:02:02,560
Speaker 1: would be my main thing that they will fund you. Yeah, cool, Margaret.

1124
01:02:02,600 --> 01:02:05,840
Speaker 1: Any any final thoughts, anything you want to plug it

1125
01:02:05,880 --> 01:02:08,040
Speaker 1: could happen. Here is a good podcast and you should

1126
01:02:09,400 --> 01:02:13,160
Speaker 1: um and I also have another podcast called Live Like

1127
01:02:13,200 --> 01:02:17,000
Speaker 1: the World Is Dying, which is about doing what it

1128
01:02:17,040 --> 01:02:20,840
Speaker 1: also says on the title it's individual community preparedness podcast.

1129
01:02:21,480 --> 01:02:24,480
Speaker 1: And also you can follow me on Internet if you

1130
01:02:24,560 --> 01:02:26,680
Speaker 1: really want to. I post pictures of my dog on

1131
01:02:26,840 --> 01:02:31,480
Speaker 1: Instagram at murdert Killjoy, and I get into arguments that

1132
01:02:31,520 --> 01:02:36,400
Speaker 1: I regret on Twitter at Magpie kill Joy and Sophie,

1133
01:02:38,360 --> 01:02:41,240
Speaker 1: why don't you close this out with a joke? Oh man,

1134
01:02:41,920 --> 01:02:43,480
Speaker 1: it's fun to put people on the spot because then

1135
01:02:43,520 --> 01:02:47,960
Speaker 1: no one has one night and night Okay, the only

1136
01:02:48,080 --> 01:02:52,840
Speaker 1: joke is that I don't have one. Okay, Well that's

1137
01:02:52,880 --> 01:02:56,920
Speaker 1: it sad ending. What is that? No, I don't like that.

1138
01:02:57,000 --> 01:03:02,320
Speaker 1: Hold on, let me think. Just tell us about your

1139
01:03:02,320 --> 01:03:04,640
Speaker 1: plant collection, Sophie. That's a happy We don't. We don't

1140
01:03:04,640 --> 01:03:05,960
Speaker 1: have a lot of time. We don't have enough time

1141
01:03:06,000 --> 01:03:12,160
Speaker 1: for Oh, I have a great plant joke. Actually that

1142
01:03:12,280 --> 01:03:14,720
Speaker 1: what you mentioned my plant I David is Okay, what

1143
01:03:14,800 --> 01:03:29,440
Speaker 1: did the young plant say to the old plant? Ready? Okay, Bloomer, welcome,

1144
01:03:29,880 --> 01:03:34,000
Speaker 1: You're welcome, thank you, thank you whoever posted on the internet,

1145
01:03:34,040 --> 01:03:39,280
Speaker 1: and it's stuck in my brain. Um, it's good. It's

1146
01:03:39,280 --> 01:03:42,200
Speaker 1: a dad joke, but like dad's dad to the also

1147
01:03:42,440 --> 01:03:47,040
Speaker 1: like the victory of punchlines. Okay Bloomer, okay, cool, glad

1148
01:03:47,120 --> 01:03:49,800
Speaker 1: that we we had this time. Anyways, we'll see you

1149
01:03:49,880 --> 01:03:58,160
Speaker 1: next week, right by everyone. Cool People Who Did Cool

1150
01:03:58,200 --> 01:04:00,640
Speaker 1: Stuff is a production of cool Zone and Media. For

1151
01:04:00,800 --> 01:04:03,800
Speaker 1: more podcasts on cool Zone Media, visit our website cool

1152
01:04:03,840 --> 01:04:06,240
Speaker 1: zone media dot com, or check us out on the

1153
01:04:06,320 --> 01:04:09,320
Speaker 1: I Heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get

1154
01:04:09,360 --> 01:04:17,320
Speaker 1: your podcasts. M