1 00:00:03,800 --> 00:00:06,680 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind from how Stuff 2 00:00:06,680 --> 00:00:13,960 Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind. 3 00:00:14,000 --> 00:00:16,440 Speaker 1: My name is Robert Lamb and I'm Julie Douglas. Julie 4 00:00:16,480 --> 00:00:19,720 Speaker 1: takes back to nine. We're we're picking up a newspaper. 5 00:00:20,239 --> 00:00:23,439 Speaker 1: What's going to be the big big news, like, what's captivating? 6 00:00:23,440 --> 00:00:27,120 Speaker 1: What's what's the juicy story that everyone is outraged about. Well, 7 00:00:27,160 --> 00:00:30,320 Speaker 1: there is a woman named Kitty Genovese and this New 8 00:00:30,360 --> 00:00:32,199 Speaker 1: York City, this is in It was actually in Queen's 9 00:00:32,760 --> 00:00:35,680 Speaker 1: and she is a twenty eight year old bar manager 10 00:00:35,920 --> 00:00:38,519 Speaker 1: and she's coming back from her job something like three 11 00:00:38,560 --> 00:00:40,640 Speaker 1: o'clock in the morning, and she gets out of her 12 00:00:40,680 --> 00:00:44,920 Speaker 1: car and she's walking and she is all of a sudden, 13 00:00:44,920 --> 00:00:48,280 Speaker 1: she's in hot pursuit by this guy wielding a knife, 14 00:00:48,400 --> 00:00:52,600 Speaker 1: and she happens to be in a neighborhood right um, 15 00:00:52,680 --> 00:00:55,800 Speaker 1: and she calls out for help. He begins to stab her, 16 00:00:56,760 --> 00:00:59,760 Speaker 1: and the story goes like this that for thirty five 17 00:01:00,000 --> 00:01:03,160 Speaker 1: in it's during three different attacks because this guy like 18 00:01:03,400 --> 00:01:06,399 Speaker 1: attacks her and then he realizes that his cars in 19 00:01:06,440 --> 00:01:08,480 Speaker 1: the open and people will I d his car, so 20 00:01:08,600 --> 00:01:10,080 Speaker 1: he goes and he moves his car and he comes back, 21 00:01:10,120 --> 00:01:12,120 Speaker 1: and he starts attacking her, and then so on and 22 00:01:12,160 --> 00:01:15,160 Speaker 1: so forth, three different attacks. Her cries were heard by 23 00:01:15,200 --> 00:01:19,120 Speaker 1: an estimated thirty eight people, and all of this unprovoked, 24 00:01:19,520 --> 00:01:25,640 Speaker 1: just out of the blue, random attack, and and she dies. Um. 25 00:01:25,840 --> 00:01:30,240 Speaker 1: Finally the one person telephones the police. One person out 26 00:01:30,240 --> 00:01:32,760 Speaker 1: of the thirty eight. This is the story, and it 27 00:01:32,800 --> 00:01:36,800 Speaker 1: absolutely shocks the United States. Um, the people in the 28 00:01:36,880 --> 00:01:40,319 Speaker 1: United States, they're just horrified that we could let this 29 00:01:40,520 --> 00:01:44,280 Speaker 1: happen to a fellow human, particularly when they say that 30 00:01:44,360 --> 00:01:47,000 Speaker 1: the people who overheard this, Yeah, I heard of this 31 00:01:47,080 --> 00:01:49,560 Speaker 1: lady screaming and I didn't know what was going on 32 00:01:49,720 --> 00:01:52,080 Speaker 1: or I didn't want to get involved. That was something 33 00:01:52,120 --> 00:01:55,560 Speaker 1: that they heard. Um, And you know, it's it's just 34 00:01:55,680 --> 00:01:57,520 Speaker 1: awful to think that we could allow something like this 35 00:01:57,600 --> 00:02:00,760 Speaker 1: to happen to another person. Yeah, I mean it is. 36 00:02:00,840 --> 00:02:03,600 Speaker 1: It is a really um to hear this story, as 37 00:02:03,640 --> 00:02:07,520 Speaker 1: it was popularized in the New York Times that year 38 00:02:07,720 --> 00:02:09,960 Speaker 1: and has since. This is and has since become a 39 00:02:09,960 --> 00:02:14,040 Speaker 1: popularized version of this story. Um. Yeah, it's really it's 40 00:02:14,040 --> 00:02:17,480 Speaker 1: really damning information because the ideas, hey, I could be 41 00:02:17,520 --> 00:02:20,200 Speaker 1: that one that one person you know, and then and 42 00:02:20,200 --> 00:02:21,960 Speaker 1: then you feel shameful to think, But then am I 43 00:02:22,040 --> 00:02:24,480 Speaker 1: one of those thirty people that in any other situation 44 00:02:24,480 --> 00:02:27,600 Speaker 1: would do nothing right? Yeah, people really took it um 45 00:02:27,760 --> 00:02:30,720 Speaker 1: to heart, and it became known as the genevase syndrome, 46 00:02:30,880 --> 00:02:34,119 Speaker 1: but also known as the bystander effect, which is something 47 00:02:34,160 --> 00:02:36,760 Speaker 1: that's probably know that term is known better now or 48 00:02:36,800 --> 00:02:39,359 Speaker 1: just bystander apathy, right by standard apathy. Yeah. This, and 49 00:02:39,680 --> 00:02:41,919 Speaker 1: but what we found out though, is that this story 50 00:02:42,080 --> 00:02:46,400 Speaker 1: was actually greatly exaggerated. Yes, Kitty Genevase A was killed 51 00:02:46,639 --> 00:02:48,760 Speaker 1: by a man who went out that night and decided 52 00:02:48,800 --> 00:02:50,919 Speaker 1: that he was going to kill a woman. Um, and 53 00:02:51,120 --> 00:02:53,640 Speaker 1: and and he was very open about this, Like there 54 00:02:53,919 --> 00:02:57,320 Speaker 1: this guy was was mentally disturbed and was very open 55 00:02:57,320 --> 00:02:59,840 Speaker 1: about I went out to kill somebody that night. And 56 00:03:00,040 --> 00:03:04,400 Speaker 1: he's still in prison h to this day. Um yeah. 57 00:03:04,480 --> 00:03:07,280 Speaker 1: But it turns out that there weren't as many bystanders 58 00:03:07,320 --> 00:03:10,320 Speaker 1: as previously thought. There was something around the order of 59 00:03:10,400 --> 00:03:13,600 Speaker 1: six people. And in fact, she was at one point 60 00:03:13,880 --> 00:03:16,000 Speaker 1: dragged to this one part of the building I think 61 00:03:16,000 --> 00:03:19,160 Speaker 1: it was in maybe like the portico, and one guy 62 00:03:19,240 --> 00:03:22,519 Speaker 1: could hear her essentially being finished off, so to speak. 63 00:03:23,000 --> 00:03:26,120 Speaker 1: But he, you know, he still didn't contact the police. 64 00:03:26,120 --> 00:03:30,440 Speaker 1: He was inebriated. He didn't want to um get involved, 65 00:03:30,440 --> 00:03:32,760 Speaker 1: so he did ask his neighbor to call the police. Yeah, 66 00:03:32,800 --> 00:03:37,320 Speaker 1: there's an American psychologist paper from two thousand seven where 67 00:03:37,080 --> 00:03:39,360 Speaker 1: they went back and they were they were going beyond 68 00:03:39,360 --> 00:03:41,440 Speaker 1: the New York Times article and looking at legal documents, 69 00:03:41,440 --> 00:03:46,760 Speaker 1: court transcripts, and some recent historical research into the the event, 70 00:03:47,040 --> 00:03:48,960 Speaker 1: into the attack, and they had found that there were 71 00:03:48,960 --> 00:03:52,360 Speaker 1: two attacks, not three, that the kind of the way 72 00:03:52,360 --> 00:03:54,560 Speaker 1: that the crime scene was configured would have made it 73 00:03:54,600 --> 00:03:57,280 Speaker 1: impossible for all but one of the known witnesses to 74 00:03:57,400 --> 00:04:01,320 Speaker 1: have seen the crime in its entirety. Yeah, and the people, uh, 75 00:04:01,480 --> 00:04:03,800 Speaker 1: the police may have been called him much earlier than thought, 76 00:04:04,000 --> 00:04:06,760 Speaker 1: and she may have been alive when the cops arrived. 77 00:04:06,920 --> 00:04:09,040 Speaker 1: So okay, And the reason why we're bringing all this 78 00:04:09,160 --> 00:04:11,960 Speaker 1: up is because you know, whether or not the story 79 00:04:12,040 --> 00:04:15,400 Speaker 1: was exaggerated, what it did is it actually helped people 80 00:04:15,440 --> 00:04:17,839 Speaker 1: to put a term to to something that actually is 81 00:04:17,839 --> 00:04:20,800 Speaker 1: a real condition, the bystander effect. You kicked off enough 82 00:04:20,880 --> 00:04:24,280 Speaker 1: outrage and public interest that we named it, and a 83 00:04:24,320 --> 00:04:28,520 Speaker 1: lot of really solid research went into why this kind 84 00:04:28,520 --> 00:04:31,479 Speaker 1: of behavior exists in the crowd. Yeah, and we've seen 85 00:04:31,480 --> 00:04:33,719 Speaker 1: this again and again, And in fact, Joseph DeMay, who 86 00:04:33,720 --> 00:04:37,200 Speaker 1: who talks about the story and how it's exaggerated, was 87 00:04:37,320 --> 00:04:40,160 Speaker 1: asked on the show on the Media NPR show, it's 88 00:04:40,160 --> 00:04:43,359 Speaker 1: really great if you checked it out. Um. He was asked, well, so, okay, 89 00:04:43,440 --> 00:04:46,000 Speaker 1: if that story was exaggerated, that doesn't really exist, and 90 00:04:46,040 --> 00:04:48,839 Speaker 1: he said, well, of course, the bystandard effect exists. Just 91 00:04:48,920 --> 00:04:51,599 Speaker 1: look around you. You know, there was that incident where 92 00:04:51,680 --> 00:04:55,239 Speaker 1: poor worker was trampled at the Green Acres shopping center 93 00:04:55,279 --> 00:04:58,440 Speaker 1: by shoppers anxious to get an electronic sale. We've seen 94 00:04:58,440 --> 00:05:00,480 Speaker 1: this again and again, I think just most recently there 95 00:05:00,480 --> 00:05:03,480 Speaker 1: was a pregnant woman who was trampled and lost her baby. 96 00:05:03,680 --> 00:05:06,840 Speaker 1: Um with this same sort of excitement that was happening 97 00:05:06,839 --> 00:05:09,120 Speaker 1: around around a sale. Yeah, and you don't even really 98 00:05:09,160 --> 00:05:12,320 Speaker 1: have You don't even have to go to outrageous newspaper 99 00:05:12,600 --> 00:05:15,360 Speaker 1: stories to to get examples of it. Just any time 100 00:05:15,360 --> 00:05:18,720 Speaker 1: you've ever driven down the highway and passed that that 101 00:05:18,760 --> 00:05:22,279 Speaker 1: poor guy, that poor family that has a flat tire, 102 00:05:22,680 --> 00:05:24,640 Speaker 1: because you you just keep going and you probably don't 103 00:05:24,640 --> 00:05:27,080 Speaker 1: even really think anything about it. Well you think someone 104 00:05:27,080 --> 00:05:28,680 Speaker 1: else will help. Well, yeah, even if you if you 105 00:05:28,760 --> 00:05:31,760 Speaker 1: even consciously, uh, you know, turn the wheels like maybe 106 00:05:31,839 --> 00:05:33,520 Speaker 1: you know it's having a subconscious level a lot of 107 00:05:33,560 --> 00:05:35,000 Speaker 1: the time, but but you know, you might think, oh, 108 00:05:35,000 --> 00:05:36,800 Speaker 1: well someone else will help them, or oh they probably 109 00:05:36,839 --> 00:05:39,599 Speaker 1: called triple away or they got it well. And even 110 00:05:39,920 --> 00:05:43,200 Speaker 1: even in the circumstance like this, DeMay points out like, okay, 111 00:05:43,200 --> 00:05:45,320 Speaker 1: there was a woman in the King's County psychiatric ward 112 00:05:45,360 --> 00:05:48,480 Speaker 1: who collapsed on the floor there where where she's being 113 00:05:48,520 --> 00:05:51,680 Speaker 1: taken care of, right in theory. So basically the staff 114 00:05:51,760 --> 00:05:54,520 Speaker 1: just left her there to die, you know, four hours 115 00:05:54,600 --> 00:05:57,159 Speaker 1: later she died. Um. And then he also said, you 116 00:05:57,200 --> 00:05:59,480 Speaker 1: know there that you can look in the newspaper on 117 00:05:59,520 --> 00:06:03,320 Speaker 1: any given da and see something that is reflective of 118 00:06:03,360 --> 00:06:06,440 Speaker 1: the bystander effect. Um. And he says that, you know, 119 00:06:06,520 --> 00:06:09,600 Speaker 1: it's a it's this diffusion of responsibility, and it's impossible 120 00:06:09,640 --> 00:06:11,800 Speaker 1: to say that such a phenomenon of some sort does 121 00:06:11,839 --> 00:06:14,560 Speaker 1: not exist. Yeah, So there are four key components in 122 00:06:14,600 --> 00:06:16,800 Speaker 1: the bystander effect, like you said, one of them is 123 00:06:17,160 --> 00:06:22,159 Speaker 1: diffuse responsibility. That's just the simple idea that if thirty 124 00:06:22,160 --> 00:06:24,960 Speaker 1: people were witnessing something, that if I'm one of thirty 125 00:06:24,960 --> 00:06:27,479 Speaker 1: people witnessing an event, well, they're twenty nine other people 126 00:06:27,800 --> 00:06:30,200 Speaker 1: that could do something. It's like if I'm driving down 127 00:06:30,400 --> 00:06:32,479 Speaker 1: an interstate and I see somebody with a flat tire, 128 00:06:32,720 --> 00:06:35,080 Speaker 1: they're countless cars. Like, there are plenty of other people. 129 00:06:35,080 --> 00:06:37,280 Speaker 1: I'm just one of many. Somebody will do something about that. 130 00:06:37,600 --> 00:06:39,720 Speaker 1: But if I am on a like say a deserted 131 00:06:39,800 --> 00:06:42,080 Speaker 1: road in the middle of nowhere, that and I know 132 00:06:42,160 --> 00:06:44,200 Speaker 1: that I'm probably one of the only people that are 133 00:06:44,560 --> 00:06:47,080 Speaker 1: going to go down that road today, and I see 134 00:06:47,120 --> 00:06:49,520 Speaker 1: somebody with a flat tire, well, then there's not really 135 00:06:49,800 --> 00:06:52,640 Speaker 1: much in the way of diffused responsibility unless I have 136 00:06:52,720 --> 00:06:54,640 Speaker 1: some sort of mistaken idea that a woodchuck is going 137 00:06:54,680 --> 00:06:57,359 Speaker 1: to help this guy with his tire. A woodchuck could, 138 00:06:57,480 --> 00:07:00,479 Speaker 1: if a witch could, that's true. That's that's to saying. 139 00:07:01,200 --> 00:07:03,839 Speaker 1: Another one is self awareness. All right. This is the 140 00:07:03,880 --> 00:07:07,560 Speaker 1: perceived or actual presence of an audience to your actions 141 00:07:07,600 --> 00:07:10,040 Speaker 1: that inhibits you from acting all right, you don't want 142 00:07:10,040 --> 00:07:13,520 Speaker 1: to appear foolish or inappropriate. An example of this um 143 00:07:13,720 --> 00:07:16,200 Speaker 1: takes me back to this weekend when I was at 144 00:07:16,200 --> 00:07:18,680 Speaker 1: the dentist office and I go in. I'm sitting down 145 00:07:18,680 --> 00:07:20,400 Speaker 1: at the Nednist office, and they always have you know, 146 00:07:20,440 --> 00:07:22,880 Speaker 1: the TVs on it's playing something annoying. I was the 147 00:07:22,920 --> 00:07:24,880 Speaker 1: only person in there, and they were playing an episode 148 00:07:25,280 --> 00:07:29,480 Speaker 1: of UM Law and Order of Special Victims Unit, and 149 00:07:29,520 --> 00:07:32,000 Speaker 1: it was like this whole thing like some it all 150 00:07:32,040 --> 00:07:34,080 Speaker 1: has to do with like sexual assault, like very much 151 00:07:34,280 --> 00:07:36,240 Speaker 1: the kind of thing that we covered, The kind of 152 00:07:36,240 --> 00:07:38,840 Speaker 1: story we covered with at the beginning's not necessarily something 153 00:07:39,040 --> 00:07:41,880 Speaker 1: you want to watch while you are in a dentist chair. Yeah, 154 00:07:41,920 --> 00:07:43,520 Speaker 1: but I'm kind of like, all right, I don't feel 155 00:07:43,560 --> 00:07:46,200 Speaker 1: like like complaining about it. But then a mother and 156 00:07:46,240 --> 00:07:49,520 Speaker 1: two kids comes in come into the dnist dopice and 157 00:07:49,680 --> 00:07:52,080 Speaker 1: they sat down, they like start feeling out the paperwork. 158 00:07:52,120 --> 00:07:53,920 Speaker 1: But it's like two little kids and they're they're reading 159 00:07:53,920 --> 00:07:56,160 Speaker 1: their little children's books, and the mom sitting there looking 160 00:07:56,160 --> 00:07:59,080 Speaker 1: at a magazine and the TV is Special Victims Unit 161 00:07:59,160 --> 00:08:03,520 Speaker 1: with you know, in in investigators looking into like sexual 162 00:08:03,760 --> 00:08:08,200 Speaker 1: offenses and and some pretty graphic discussion of what these uh, 163 00:08:08,480 --> 00:08:11,680 Speaker 1: these these crimes consisted of. And so I'm sitting there 164 00:08:11,680 --> 00:08:13,960 Speaker 1: and part of me is like I should get up 165 00:08:14,000 --> 00:08:17,200 Speaker 1: and go tell the lady the front desk, Hey, there 166 00:08:17,200 --> 00:08:19,920 Speaker 1: are kids here. Why don't you change to Disney Channel 167 00:08:19,960 --> 00:08:24,320 Speaker 1: or something um, you know, or something less um potentially traumatic. 168 00:08:24,800 --> 00:08:27,520 Speaker 1: But the other voice was saying, no, the mom setting 169 00:08:27,600 --> 00:08:29,080 Speaker 1: right there, I'm gonna come off looking like a total 170 00:08:29,160 --> 00:08:31,520 Speaker 1: jerk because I'm gonna be implying that she doesn't know 171 00:08:31,600 --> 00:08:34,319 Speaker 1: what she's doing, or she, you know, isn't exerting enough 172 00:08:34,360 --> 00:08:37,440 Speaker 1: responsibility for these kids. So that's a self awareness factor 173 00:08:37,520 --> 00:08:39,920 Speaker 1: of it. We're afraid, you know, somebody needs help, but 174 00:08:39,960 --> 00:08:41,880 Speaker 1: are we gonna look stupid getting up and going to 175 00:08:41,920 --> 00:08:44,000 Speaker 1: help them? So we're afraid of being judged right right? 176 00:08:44,040 --> 00:08:46,199 Speaker 1: Then the next one is social clues. All right, Individuals 177 00:08:46,400 --> 00:08:49,200 Speaker 1: actively look to one another for for queues about how 178 00:08:49,240 --> 00:08:54,040 Speaker 1: to behave in the situation. The pluralistic ignorance. Yeah, I 179 00:08:54,040 --> 00:08:57,439 Speaker 1: think so this is like you say, you're on on 180 00:08:57,480 --> 00:09:00,560 Speaker 1: the on the subway train and there's some by the acting, 181 00:09:00,800 --> 00:09:04,160 Speaker 1: there's somebody acting strange there. You sort of look to 182 00:09:04,240 --> 00:09:06,640 Speaker 1: everybody else to say, hey, we should we be concerned 183 00:09:06,679 --> 00:09:08,520 Speaker 1: about this? Is this? Is this for real? Is this 184 00:09:08,559 --> 00:09:11,200 Speaker 1: a deal? You know? And uh? And if nobody everyone 185 00:09:11,200 --> 00:09:12,880 Speaker 1: else is ignoring it, you're kind of like, all right, 186 00:09:12,880 --> 00:09:14,880 Speaker 1: I guess this is nothing. I'm just gonna you know, 187 00:09:15,000 --> 00:09:16,840 Speaker 1: I straight ahead right back to my book or something. 188 00:09:16,880 --> 00:09:18,679 Speaker 1: But if everyone else is looking a little weird, then 189 00:09:18,679 --> 00:09:21,080 Speaker 1: you're like, all right, this is something serious. Some one 190 00:09:21,080 --> 00:09:22,360 Speaker 1: of us is gonna pick it up and go push 191 00:09:22,400 --> 00:09:25,400 Speaker 1: the alert button. That kind of situations, and then there's blocking. 192 00:09:25,520 --> 00:09:28,560 Speaker 1: This is a realization that if somebody needs help, all 193 00:09:28,600 --> 00:09:33,120 Speaker 1: thirty of us cannot help in this particular situation. Like 194 00:09:33,160 --> 00:09:35,160 Speaker 1: if if it's a situation where do you just need 195 00:09:35,200 --> 00:09:39,320 Speaker 1: one person maybe to to help this individual with their situation, 196 00:09:39,760 --> 00:09:42,920 Speaker 1: thirty people is just gonna overwhelm them and possibly make 197 00:09:42,920 --> 00:09:45,800 Speaker 1: a situation worse. So is that that same idea of 198 00:09:45,840 --> 00:09:48,559 Speaker 1: just shirking off the responsibility because you figure that someone 199 00:09:48,600 --> 00:09:52,320 Speaker 1: else is going to help, or like like you're they're 200 00:09:52,360 --> 00:09:54,319 Speaker 1: thirty people. And then there's another person who has a 201 00:09:54,360 --> 00:09:56,680 Speaker 1: cut on their finger. If if we all go and 202 00:09:56,679 --> 00:09:59,319 Speaker 1: put a band aid on it, that's the person doesn't 203 00:09:59,320 --> 00:10:02,040 Speaker 1: need thirty band needs. They need one, maybe two band aids, 204 00:10:02,080 --> 00:10:03,480 Speaker 1: you know, if they want to do the cross thing. 205 00:10:03,880 --> 00:10:06,199 Speaker 1: But um, that would be kind of awesome in that 206 00:10:06,640 --> 00:10:09,760 Speaker 1: and and horrible too, crushed by thirty people just trying 207 00:10:09,800 --> 00:10:13,720 Speaker 1: to get your hand bandaged. Um yeah, I mean this again, 208 00:10:13,760 --> 00:10:18,680 Speaker 1: this diffusion of responsibility. I think is really interesting. And um, 209 00:10:18,760 --> 00:10:21,280 Speaker 1: there are two rules that we usually operate in under 210 00:10:21,400 --> 00:10:23,400 Speaker 1: when we're in society, one that we ought to help 211 00:10:23,480 --> 00:10:25,720 Speaker 1: right and too that we ought to do what everyone 212 00:10:25,760 --> 00:10:30,720 Speaker 1: else is doing. So these temporary rules bubble up that 213 00:10:30,800 --> 00:10:33,520 Speaker 1: we inadvertently create when we're a group, which we have, 214 00:10:33,600 --> 00:10:37,920 Speaker 1: we're not even communicating to one another, you know, with language, right, 215 00:10:37,960 --> 00:10:40,680 Speaker 1: we're not even saying, hey, let's not do this because 216 00:10:40,679 --> 00:10:43,000 Speaker 1: we all feel okay with it. But somehow we all 217 00:10:43,040 --> 00:10:46,680 Speaker 1: know that, you know, we're all bouncing off of each 218 00:10:46,679 --> 00:10:49,200 Speaker 1: other and somehow are thinking to ourselves, okay, well if 219 00:10:49,200 --> 00:10:51,240 Speaker 1: you're not concerned about it, that I'm not concerned about 220 00:10:51,280 --> 00:10:53,920 Speaker 1: And I think that's fascinating. And there are a bunch 221 00:10:53,920 --> 00:10:57,240 Speaker 1: of BBC shorts um that were experiences that you can 222 00:10:57,240 --> 00:11:00,160 Speaker 1: go on YouTube and see them where they show us 223 00:11:00,280 --> 00:11:03,520 Speaker 1: in action and I thought it was pretty fascinating. They 224 00:11:03,600 --> 00:11:07,160 Speaker 1: did one UM set of videos at the Liverpool Street 225 00:11:07,200 --> 00:11:09,880 Speaker 1: station in London and there was an actor dressed in 226 00:11:10,000 --> 00:11:12,920 Speaker 1: jeans and overcoat and sneakers and he's crumpled up at 227 00:11:12,960 --> 00:11:14,800 Speaker 1: the foot of the stairs and he's sanging to people 228 00:11:14,800 --> 00:11:16,720 Speaker 1: as they passed by, please help me, Please help me. 229 00:11:17,080 --> 00:11:20,240 Speaker 1: And he lays there for twenty minutes, twenty minutes without 230 00:11:20,360 --> 00:11:23,640 Speaker 1: anybody helping him, which I think in and of itself 231 00:11:23,720 --> 00:11:26,960 Speaker 1: is pretty interesting. But then they have a female actor 232 00:11:27,280 --> 00:11:29,920 Speaker 1: do the same thing. She's dressed in a skirt and 233 00:11:29,960 --> 00:11:32,480 Speaker 1: a jacket, she has a purse on, and she's not 234 00:11:32,559 --> 00:11:34,480 Speaker 1: saying help me, but she actually she kind of looks 235 00:11:34,480 --> 00:11:37,320 Speaker 1: dead actually, but she sprawled out on the stairs and 236 00:11:37,440 --> 00:11:40,160 Speaker 1: thirty four people pass in four minutes and they don't 237 00:11:40,160 --> 00:11:43,480 Speaker 1: help her. And finally there's a woman who is uh. 238 00:11:43,520 --> 00:11:46,080 Speaker 1: You see her behavior, it's very interesting. She starts to 239 00:11:46,120 --> 00:11:48,880 Speaker 1: pass by, and then she starts, she stops, and she 240 00:11:49,000 --> 00:11:51,040 Speaker 1: kind of looks around at other people like, Hey, isn't 241 00:11:51,080 --> 00:11:54,240 Speaker 1: this weird? And then she kind of circles and hangs out, 242 00:11:54,280 --> 00:11:57,520 Speaker 1: but she's not quite going to do anything yet. Out 243 00:11:57,520 --> 00:12:01,680 Speaker 1: of nowhere, this guy comes directly to the woman and says, 244 00:12:01,679 --> 00:12:03,880 Speaker 1: are you okay? And then all of a sudden she's 245 00:12:03,960 --> 00:12:07,319 Speaker 1: right by his side and she's saying, you know, can 246 00:12:07,360 --> 00:12:09,360 Speaker 1: I help you? You know, she needed that guy to 247 00:12:09,440 --> 00:12:13,640 Speaker 1: come to to corroborate her concern. Yeah, And you see 248 00:12:13,679 --> 00:12:15,160 Speaker 1: that happen a lot, a lot. You know, it's like 249 00:12:15,440 --> 00:12:17,920 Speaker 1: the first person to actually come forward and try to 250 00:12:17,960 --> 00:12:19,880 Speaker 1: help somebody. Then suddenly there are a few other people 251 00:12:19,920 --> 00:12:22,680 Speaker 1: as well. Yeah, maybe not all thirty, but suddenly it'll 252 00:12:22,720 --> 00:12:25,440 Speaker 1: go from you know, from nothing to five or six 253 00:12:25,559 --> 00:12:27,960 Speaker 1: just like that. Yeah. Well, and this was the most 254 00:12:28,040 --> 00:12:31,120 Speaker 1: interesting one. This is the the third person in this experiment. 255 00:12:31,360 --> 00:12:33,280 Speaker 1: It was the same actor from the from the first 256 00:12:33,320 --> 00:12:35,800 Speaker 1: that was crumpled on the stairs with his jeans on. 257 00:12:36,240 --> 00:12:38,920 Speaker 1: But um, now he comes back and he's dressed in 258 00:12:39,040 --> 00:12:42,440 Speaker 1: like an impeccable expensive suit and he's crumpled up at 259 00:12:42,480 --> 00:12:45,000 Speaker 1: the bottom of the stairs, and it takes just six 260 00:12:45,080 --> 00:12:49,120 Speaker 1: seconds for one person to help him, which then attracts 261 00:12:49,120 --> 00:12:52,720 Speaker 1: this crowd of people who are now around him saying yeah, yeah, 262 00:12:52,880 --> 00:12:55,320 Speaker 1: can you can I help you? So there is this 263 00:12:55,360 --> 00:12:57,880 Speaker 1: one element where where yeah, we're we're sort of seating 264 00:12:58,000 --> 00:13:01,360 Speaker 1: our decisions to other people. But then it's sort of like, well, 265 00:13:01,480 --> 00:13:04,520 Speaker 1: if you're if you look socially like in in the 266 00:13:04,559 --> 00:13:07,680 Speaker 1: most correct role, then you're probably going to get more help, 267 00:13:07,800 --> 00:13:10,760 Speaker 1: right right, because he looked important. All right, we're gonna 268 00:13:10,760 --> 00:13:12,880 Speaker 1: take a quick break and when we come back, we're 269 00:13:12,880 --> 00:13:17,120 Speaker 1: gonna look at some of that hard research that that 270 00:13:17,280 --> 00:13:23,720 Speaker 1: popped up following this, uh, the geneviec case. This podcast 271 00:13:23,800 --> 00:13:26,600 Speaker 1: is brought to you by Intel, the sponsors of Tomorrow 272 00:13:27,040 --> 00:13:31,400 Speaker 1: and the Discovery Channel. At Intel, we believe curiosity is 273 00:13:31,440 --> 00:13:35,440 Speaker 1: the spark which drives innovation. Join us at curiosity dot 274 00:13:35,480 --> 00:13:41,480 Speaker 1: com and explore the answers to life's questions. All right, 275 00:13:41,480 --> 00:13:44,920 Speaker 1: and we're back. So, like we said, the Genovic case, Uh, 276 00:13:44,960 --> 00:13:48,160 Speaker 1: some of the details are kind of contested, were not contested, 277 00:13:48,200 --> 00:13:50,080 Speaker 1: but it is proven today and the version of the 278 00:13:50,080 --> 00:13:55,439 Speaker 1: story that is sometimes um referenced in papers and textbooks, etcetera, 279 00:13:55,840 --> 00:13:58,320 Speaker 1: is is maybe not the true version of what happened. 280 00:13:58,320 --> 00:14:00,680 Speaker 1: It's kind of kind of has become a parable. But 281 00:14:00,800 --> 00:14:04,040 Speaker 1: the research, as we said, is still pretty solid. Like 282 00:14:04,080 --> 00:14:06,440 Speaker 1: people were outraged enough by this they were like, let's 283 00:14:06,480 --> 00:14:09,560 Speaker 1: do some studies and uh. And the first big study 284 00:14:09,800 --> 00:14:13,880 Speaker 1: was this one by um Darley and Latine, Right, yeah, 285 00:14:14,000 --> 00:14:18,040 Speaker 1: John Darlie and Biblitaine that this whole Jenevase syndrome or 286 00:14:18,400 --> 00:14:21,640 Speaker 1: by sing or effect really inspired them to to try 287 00:14:21,680 --> 00:14:25,120 Speaker 1: to look at this in multiple models and really ferret 288 00:14:25,560 --> 00:14:29,840 Speaker 1: out what was going on. Um And I think one 289 00:14:29,840 --> 00:14:31,880 Speaker 1: of the ones that I think is most interesting to 290 00:14:31,920 --> 00:14:36,040 Speaker 1: me is the lady in distress, and this experiment, subjects 291 00:14:36,040 --> 00:14:39,920 Speaker 1: either waited alone with a friend or with a passive 292 00:14:39,920 --> 00:14:43,800 Speaker 1: confederate meaning an actor who was acting passively right, or 293 00:14:43,840 --> 00:14:45,840 Speaker 1: with a stranger in a room. And the room was 294 00:14:45,880 --> 00:14:49,640 Speaker 1: separate from another room by a curtain which they would 295 00:14:49,680 --> 00:14:52,400 Speaker 1: pass on their way to their waiting room, and the 296 00:14:52,440 --> 00:14:55,320 Speaker 1: experiment or who led them there returned to the other 297 00:14:55,400 --> 00:14:59,040 Speaker 1: room and left, turning on a tape recording um of 298 00:14:59,040 --> 00:15:02,880 Speaker 1: of what sounded like someone falling and then moaning in 299 00:15:03,000 --> 00:15:06,240 Speaker 1: that other room. So they couldn't see that person, but 300 00:15:06,560 --> 00:15:10,120 Speaker 1: for hundred and thirty seconds, they could hear this person 301 00:15:10,200 --> 00:15:13,560 Speaker 1: in some sort of distress. And they measured the percent 302 00:15:13,720 --> 00:15:15,960 Speaker 1: of people who took action and how long it took 303 00:15:16,000 --> 00:15:19,440 Speaker 1: for them to act. And overall, sixty one percent of 304 00:15:19,480 --> 00:15:22,440 Speaker 1: people pulled back the curtain to check on the experiment or, 305 00:15:22,520 --> 00:15:24,720 Speaker 1: because they assumed it was the experimenter who fell right, 306 00:15:26,520 --> 00:15:31,200 Speaker 1: entered via another door to check on the experiment simply 307 00:15:31,240 --> 00:15:34,720 Speaker 1: called out to say hey, are you okay, But nobody 308 00:15:34,760 --> 00:15:37,440 Speaker 1: went to actually report the accident okay, to say, hey, 309 00:15:37,480 --> 00:15:40,520 Speaker 1: there's someone hurt in the other room. Um. And this 310 00:15:40,560 --> 00:15:44,000 Speaker 1: is where the data gets really interesting. Sevent of alone 311 00:15:44,040 --> 00:15:49,200 Speaker 1: subjects reacted, but only seven percent of those with another 312 00:15:49,280 --> 00:15:51,920 Speaker 1: person in the in the room the passive confederate, the 313 00:15:51,960 --> 00:15:55,080 Speaker 1: actor who just sat there and pretending like everything was okay, 314 00:15:55,280 --> 00:15:59,160 Speaker 1: only seven percent of them reacted. So it means if 315 00:15:59,160 --> 00:16:01,800 Speaker 1: you're if you're by yourself, you're probably going to be 316 00:16:01,840 --> 00:16:04,760 Speaker 1: a lot more responsible, right, But if someone else is 317 00:16:04,760 --> 00:16:07,840 Speaker 1: in the room, they don't seem concerned. Boom, it doesn't matter. 318 00:16:09,040 --> 00:16:13,480 Speaker 1: The subjects with confederates became confused and they frequently looked 319 00:16:13,520 --> 00:16:16,600 Speaker 1: over at the person. And when they were paired with 320 00:16:16,640 --> 00:16:21,680 Speaker 1: a stranger, only um of those people in the room 321 00:16:21,680 --> 00:16:25,040 Speaker 1: with a stranger actually acted out or said hey, are 322 00:16:25,040 --> 00:16:27,880 Speaker 1: you okay? So when they had their friends in the room, 323 00:16:28,080 --> 00:16:32,240 Speaker 1: seventy of the time they helped um, which shows you 324 00:16:32,280 --> 00:16:36,320 Speaker 1: know that they felt responsibility with someone that they knew okay. 325 00:16:36,440 --> 00:16:39,200 Speaker 1: But what's interesting about that is that that's the same 326 00:16:39,320 --> 00:16:42,120 Speaker 1: percent as if they were alone. So you would think, 327 00:16:42,160 --> 00:16:44,200 Speaker 1: and this is this is what the researchers say, that 328 00:16:44,280 --> 00:16:47,000 Speaker 1: you would think that if they were alone, like of 329 00:16:47,080 --> 00:16:49,960 Speaker 1: the time, they would have reacted. So based on the 330 00:16:49,960 --> 00:16:53,360 Speaker 1: findings of that study, if I am also say I'm 331 00:16:53,360 --> 00:16:55,720 Speaker 1: feeling like like, let's say I've been stabbed. No, no, 332 00:16:55,800 --> 00:16:58,520 Speaker 1: that's what it's said. Let me let's say I have, 333 00:16:58,840 --> 00:17:02,920 Speaker 1: UM I'm feeling really sick, and I'm I'm about to puke, 334 00:17:03,440 --> 00:17:05,760 Speaker 1: and I'm I'm on the market train taking the train 335 00:17:05,800 --> 00:17:09,040 Speaker 1: to work, and I get to choose which car I'm 336 00:17:09,080 --> 00:17:12,199 Speaker 1: going to throw up in. Um, and and after I 337 00:17:12,240 --> 00:17:14,320 Speaker 1: throw up, I'm really going to hope somebody helps me 338 00:17:14,359 --> 00:17:17,200 Speaker 1: and gets me to a hospital. What is the appropriate 339 00:17:17,280 --> 00:17:20,639 Speaker 1: number of people on the train? Oh my goodness, is 340 00:17:20,680 --> 00:17:23,119 Speaker 1: this like a test? Yeah, this is the test? Or 341 00:17:23,240 --> 00:17:25,880 Speaker 1: you know, just asking your learning opinion? Oh my goodness, 342 00:17:25,880 --> 00:17:28,640 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, even even better. I'm just gonna say that 343 00:17:28,680 --> 00:17:30,960 Speaker 1: maybe one or two other people in the train with 344 00:17:31,000 --> 00:17:34,400 Speaker 1: you is greatly going to increase your chances of getting aid. 345 00:17:34,560 --> 00:17:37,920 Speaker 1: But not one, it's just one person. If it's one, 346 00:17:38,200 --> 00:17:41,800 Speaker 1: even better. That's my opinion, right, just from what we've 347 00:17:41,840 --> 00:17:45,680 Speaker 1: seen that the lower the amount of people around you, 348 00:17:45,840 --> 00:17:48,320 Speaker 1: the more app they are to help you. Correct. But 349 00:17:48,359 --> 00:17:50,040 Speaker 1: if you're if you're about to puke all over the 350 00:17:50,080 --> 00:17:51,920 Speaker 1: place and thirty people are in the train with you, 351 00:17:52,080 --> 00:17:54,680 Speaker 1: they're all going to back away. Yeah, or I've already 352 00:17:54,760 --> 00:17:59,040 Speaker 1: changed cars. What's it's it? Definitely provides a lot of 353 00:17:59,040 --> 00:18:01,639 Speaker 1: insight into how crowds think. I mean, there's more to 354 00:18:01,760 --> 00:18:03,800 Speaker 1: health crowds think. We have believe we've covered some of 355 00:18:03,800 --> 00:18:06,480 Speaker 1: this in the past, talking about the group think and 356 00:18:06,960 --> 00:18:10,000 Speaker 1: and how crowds are respond h on a on a 357 00:18:10,040 --> 00:18:13,040 Speaker 1: mental level. In in our very very recent episode, we 358 00:18:13,160 --> 00:18:16,400 Speaker 1: discussed uh sort of the physics of crowds and how 359 00:18:16,880 --> 00:18:19,720 Speaker 1: a large number of people can can quickly spiral out 360 00:18:19,720 --> 00:18:22,080 Speaker 1: of control and then become this like the movement, the 361 00:18:22,080 --> 00:18:24,480 Speaker 1: physical movement of the crowd becomes something that cannot be 362 00:18:24,560 --> 00:18:27,880 Speaker 1: predicted or control well. In the psychology is so interesting 363 00:18:27,920 --> 00:18:32,280 Speaker 1: because going back to the Lady in distress um experiments 364 00:18:32,359 --> 00:18:36,280 Speaker 1: that Lobott did UM, is that the interveners, the people 365 00:18:36,320 --> 00:18:38,800 Speaker 1: who did something, they claimed that they acted that way 366 00:18:38,840 --> 00:18:41,080 Speaker 1: because the fall seems serious and it was the right 367 00:18:41,119 --> 00:18:44,679 Speaker 1: thing to do. But the non interveners who were with 368 00:18:44,720 --> 00:18:48,040 Speaker 1: the other people said that they were unsure what happened, UM, 369 00:18:48,280 --> 00:18:50,720 Speaker 1: and they decided it wasn't serious, and some felt that 370 00:18:50,760 --> 00:18:53,919 Speaker 1: they didn't want to embarrass the researcher, which was that 371 00:18:53,960 --> 00:18:58,119 Speaker 1: whole judgment part right, UM. So they were really influenced 372 00:18:58,119 --> 00:18:59,640 Speaker 1: by the people that were in the room with them, 373 00:18:59,640 --> 00:19:02,120 Speaker 1: and you don't think that when when you're you're making 374 00:19:02,200 --> 00:19:05,399 Speaker 1: individual decisions, you don't even realize that on that level, 375 00:19:05,520 --> 00:19:08,760 Speaker 1: you're sitting there calculating whether or not the person next 376 00:19:08,760 --> 00:19:12,879 Speaker 1: to you is unless you're highly self aware, right right, 377 00:19:13,480 --> 00:19:15,800 Speaker 1: usually don't realize that that person is having an effect 378 00:19:15,800 --> 00:19:18,639 Speaker 1: on your decision making processes, which again brings into the 379 00:19:18,640 --> 00:19:20,600 Speaker 1: whole question of free will about whether or not it 380 00:19:20,640 --> 00:19:24,000 Speaker 1: really exists. And this the study is especially interesting given 381 00:19:24,440 --> 00:19:28,760 Speaker 1: the way our lives have been affected by social media 382 00:19:29,000 --> 00:19:32,199 Speaker 1: and the internet, because you you everyone has seen stories 383 00:19:32,240 --> 00:19:35,320 Speaker 1: in the past year or two where somebody, um, you know, 384 00:19:35,520 --> 00:19:38,560 Speaker 1: basically put out a cry for help on Facebook on 385 00:19:38,600 --> 00:19:41,320 Speaker 1: their Facebook profile and then in and in some of 386 00:19:41,359 --> 00:19:44,359 Speaker 1: these cases, nobody really did anything and then the person 387 00:19:44,440 --> 00:19:47,240 Speaker 1: dies or you know, it ends up trying to take 388 00:19:47,240 --> 00:19:49,960 Speaker 1: their own life or something to this effect. And uh, 389 00:19:50,040 --> 00:19:52,160 Speaker 1: and people are like, why didn't we do anything? Why 390 00:19:52,160 --> 00:19:54,920 Speaker 1: did we just sit there and just scan over there? 391 00:19:55,440 --> 00:19:59,080 Speaker 1: They're they're depressing Facebook status update or why did we 392 00:19:59,400 --> 00:20:03,360 Speaker 1: even maybe us ignore you know, why didn't we do something? Yeah, 393 00:20:03,400 --> 00:20:05,359 Speaker 1: I was thinking about that too, that that when we 394 00:20:05,400 --> 00:20:08,400 Speaker 1: talk about crowds these days, we really need to probably 395 00:20:08,440 --> 00:20:11,280 Speaker 1: redefine what a crowd is because it's not doesn't have 396 00:20:11,320 --> 00:20:14,360 Speaker 1: to be a bunch of people in a physical room together. 397 00:20:14,560 --> 00:20:18,480 Speaker 1: I mean, we have a crowd action via the internet 398 00:20:18,520 --> 00:20:21,840 Speaker 1: these days with just as many community ties. Yeah, I saw. 399 00:20:22,160 --> 00:20:24,959 Speaker 1: I was looking at a paper earlier UM from Georgian 400 00:20:25,000 --> 00:20:27,800 Speaker 1: Student of Technology Georgia Tech here in town, and they 401 00:20:27,840 --> 00:20:30,959 Speaker 1: were actually using the bystander effect UM as a as 402 00:20:31,000 --> 00:20:34,080 Speaker 1: a way to try and understand patterns of participation in 403 00:20:34,200 --> 00:20:37,639 Speaker 1: online classrooms. So I found that interesting, Like they were 404 00:20:37,680 --> 00:20:39,520 Speaker 1: kind of you know, taking it slightly out of its 405 00:20:39,600 --> 00:20:44,400 Speaker 1: context because bystander effect deals more specifically with people responding 406 00:20:44,440 --> 00:20:48,560 Speaker 1: to uh, you know, a bad situation, someone that's injured, 407 00:20:48,600 --> 00:20:51,320 Speaker 1: somebody that's endanger, more of a life and death type 408 00:20:51,359 --> 00:20:53,960 Speaker 1: of a thing, rather than are you paying attention to 409 00:20:54,000 --> 00:20:56,960 Speaker 1: the lecture or not? Or are you participating in class? 410 00:20:57,480 --> 00:21:01,280 Speaker 1: But but but it did supply some insight into how 411 00:21:01,440 --> 00:21:04,639 Speaker 1: these classrooms behave and to what degree they're going to 412 00:21:04,680 --> 00:21:07,679 Speaker 1: interact with the class That makes total sense to me. 413 00:21:07,720 --> 00:21:09,920 Speaker 1: In fact, that's you know, being in a classroom. I'm 414 00:21:09,920 --> 00:21:12,439 Speaker 1: sure everybody knows that. Um. You know, whether or not 415 00:21:12,480 --> 00:21:15,119 Speaker 1: you are eight years old at the time or twenty 416 00:21:15,200 --> 00:21:18,600 Speaker 1: years old. When someone says something or something happens, don't 417 00:21:18,600 --> 00:21:20,600 Speaker 1: you all look at each other to see how you're 418 00:21:20,600 --> 00:21:23,040 Speaker 1: going to react, right, And it's a classic case of 419 00:21:23,080 --> 00:21:26,399 Speaker 1: how a crowd affects one another. Yeah, and you know 420 00:21:26,400 --> 00:21:27,679 Speaker 1: it's one of those things too. If you're in a 421 00:21:27,720 --> 00:21:31,960 Speaker 1: classroom where most people just do not care, I feel 422 00:21:31,960 --> 00:21:33,440 Speaker 1: like a lot of times you're gonna be less likely 423 00:21:33,480 --> 00:21:36,199 Speaker 1: to be the brainy egghead who's going to interact with 424 00:21:36,240 --> 00:21:39,120 Speaker 1: the teacher. You could have an amazing lecturer, but if 425 00:21:39,359 --> 00:21:42,520 Speaker 1: most of the people in there are sleeping or just 426 00:21:42,600 --> 00:21:45,520 Speaker 1: kind of you know, shooting evilize at each other then 427 00:21:46,520 --> 00:21:49,440 Speaker 1: drawing unicorns, drawing unicorns, then then you get it feels 428 00:21:49,440 --> 00:21:52,560 Speaker 1: like you're gonna be less less likely to interact. Whereas 429 00:21:52,560 --> 00:21:54,919 Speaker 1: if the class, the class as a whole is really engaged, 430 00:21:55,040 --> 00:21:57,240 Speaker 1: is going to be this energy of engagement and you're 431 00:21:57,240 --> 00:21:59,080 Speaker 1: gonna want to be like, yeah, these are my thoughts 432 00:21:59,080 --> 00:22:03,760 Speaker 1: on you know, fall Byzantium. Speaking of unicorns and doodling, 433 00:22:03,840 --> 00:22:06,400 Speaker 1: didn't you just post something recently on Facebook about how 434 00:22:06,400 --> 00:22:09,440 Speaker 1: that actually helps you retain information in a meeting? Yes? Yeah, 435 00:22:09,480 --> 00:22:12,800 Speaker 1: I was really uh yeah that was just came out 436 00:22:12,800 --> 00:22:14,440 Speaker 1: the other day, I put it on the Facebook um 437 00:22:14,880 --> 00:22:17,760 Speaker 1: profile for stuff to blow your mind, and uh and yeah, 438 00:22:17,840 --> 00:22:20,160 Speaker 1: yeah that it was a ted talk Actually yeah, yeah, 439 00:22:20,280 --> 00:22:21,840 Speaker 1: I didn't want to check that out because I was 440 00:22:21,840 --> 00:22:24,440 Speaker 1: pretty excited about that. Yeah. Yeah, I headed on, but 441 00:22:24,560 --> 00:22:27,280 Speaker 1: I was doling, so I didn't really of course. Yeah yeah, 442 00:22:27,600 --> 00:22:29,480 Speaker 1: but you retained everything. Yeah, but you don't know that 443 00:22:29,560 --> 00:22:32,199 Speaker 1: makes sense because I I doodle a lot, and and 444 00:22:32,280 --> 00:22:34,679 Speaker 1: some of my note taking is borderline doodling. It's just 445 00:22:34,800 --> 00:22:37,359 Speaker 1: kind of well, I've noticed just when you and I 446 00:22:37,400 --> 00:22:41,240 Speaker 1: talked about podcast subjects sometimes, um, when we meet beforehand 447 00:22:41,280 --> 00:22:42,880 Speaker 1: just to say, hey, we're going to talk about that, 448 00:22:42,960 --> 00:22:45,960 Speaker 1: you draw a lot of pictures when when you're talking 449 00:22:45,960 --> 00:22:47,600 Speaker 1: about this up to you you want to explain, you're 450 00:22:47,600 --> 00:22:50,800 Speaker 1: illustrating it. It's pretty great. We should post those actually 451 00:22:50,800 --> 00:22:53,879 Speaker 1: sometimes well sometimes it's about like you know, I do 452 00:22:53,920 --> 00:22:57,320 Speaker 1: a lot of talking with my hands sometimes, but that's 453 00:22:57,359 --> 00:22:59,679 Speaker 1: that's that's sometimes instead of doing that, I'll just you know, 454 00:22:59,720 --> 00:23:01,480 Speaker 1: you just sort of doodle and sort of draw the 455 00:23:01,760 --> 00:23:04,919 Speaker 1: motions on the paper. I don't know why, but I 456 00:23:04,960 --> 00:23:07,240 Speaker 1: don't know. There you go. So I actually do not 457 00:23:07,320 --> 00:23:09,359 Speaker 1: have any listener mail because I forgot to get some 458 00:23:09,560 --> 00:23:12,000 Speaker 1: because there's there's a similarly endless supply of it. But 459 00:23:12,040 --> 00:23:16,400 Speaker 1: I forgot to dip the ladle into the bucket. Um. 460 00:23:16,480 --> 00:23:18,760 Speaker 1: I can't believe you forgot your ladle. Yeah, you didn't 461 00:23:18,760 --> 00:23:21,159 Speaker 1: hear the scream on the inside, did you on the 462 00:23:21,160 --> 00:23:24,919 Speaker 1: inside of the Yeah, when you said that we'll survive 463 00:23:24,920 --> 00:23:28,919 Speaker 1: that I spose gut. The name of Brandon did come 464 00:23:29,000 --> 00:23:31,200 Speaker 1: up to me at a campfire this weekend because you 465 00:23:31,240 --> 00:23:32,879 Speaker 1: were out of camp fire? Okay, yeah, well it was 466 00:23:32,920 --> 00:23:34,280 Speaker 1: in the backyard. I don't know IF's really a camp 467 00:23:34,280 --> 00:23:37,200 Speaker 1: fires in the backyard. Nobody's camping, but you know there's 468 00:23:37,240 --> 00:23:40,280 Speaker 1: a fire and uh. And so he came up and said, Hey, 469 00:23:40,320 --> 00:23:43,159 Speaker 1: this show is really great, you know. So thanks Brandon. 470 00:23:43,280 --> 00:23:45,840 Speaker 1: So if you know me and you would like to 471 00:23:45,880 --> 00:23:48,240 Speaker 1: approach me and tell me the show is great, do so. 472 00:23:48,320 --> 00:23:50,960 Speaker 1: It will not be awkward at all. It'll be it'll 473 00:23:50,960 --> 00:23:53,360 Speaker 1: be kind of awesome, and we'll we'll grow closer for 474 00:23:53,440 --> 00:23:56,639 Speaker 1: the experience. I heard too that if someone does that 475 00:23:56,680 --> 00:23:59,480 Speaker 1: to you, that you'll start crooning stuff to blow your 476 00:23:59,480 --> 00:24:02,840 Speaker 1: mind song to them. Is that true? We have a 477 00:24:02,880 --> 00:24:05,960 Speaker 1: song for a pleasant train. You mean the secret lyrics 478 00:24:06,000 --> 00:24:09,600 Speaker 1: to the intro song play every time. Oh, yeah, it's true. Yeah, 479 00:24:09,600 --> 00:24:13,520 Speaker 1: it's only available if you approach me in person, though, UM, 480 00:24:13,560 --> 00:24:15,280 Speaker 1: try not to do it at a funeral because I'm 481 00:24:15,320 --> 00:24:17,800 Speaker 1: I'm oath bound to break into song and I would 482 00:24:17,840 --> 00:24:20,040 Speaker 1: prefer not to do it in front of an open casket. Yeah, 483 00:24:21,440 --> 00:24:24,119 Speaker 1: awkward places where you probably shouldn't do it. All right, 484 00:24:24,200 --> 00:24:26,160 Speaker 1: So there you go. UM. I hope that you guys 485 00:24:26,160 --> 00:24:28,960 Speaker 1: have all enjoyed, UM some interesting facts about the by 486 00:24:29,000 --> 00:24:32,119 Speaker 1: Center effect, and it certainly made me think about my 487 00:24:32,160 --> 00:24:36,680 Speaker 1: own reactions to circumstances in my life. Um, and whether 488 00:24:36,800 --> 00:24:41,800 Speaker 1: or not I was unknowingly under the power of it. Yeah, 489 00:24:41,840 --> 00:24:43,919 Speaker 1: and I should I should also add that the at 490 00:24:43,960 --> 00:24:46,280 Speaker 1: the didneral office, they eventually did change the TV to 491 00:24:46,400 --> 00:24:49,359 Speaker 1: Disney Channel, but it was more. It was more it 492 00:24:49,400 --> 00:24:52,360 Speaker 1: was a situation where the lady we're working the front 493 00:24:52,400 --> 00:24:54,000 Speaker 1: desk kind of figured out it's like, oh, maybe I 494 00:24:54,000 --> 00:24:57,040 Speaker 1: should change off of um a special Victims unit and 495 00:24:57,080 --> 00:24:59,320 Speaker 1: maybe go to like Donald Tuck or something. That's all 496 00:24:59,400 --> 00:25:01,240 Speaker 1: right because they just went home and played Grand Auto 497 00:25:01,320 --> 00:25:06,600 Speaker 1: Theft and killed a couple of hookers. Anyway, Grand Theft Auto. 498 00:25:06,920 --> 00:25:11,320 Speaker 1: But it's adorable that you thought it was Grand Auto. 499 00:25:11,720 --> 00:25:14,320 Speaker 1: I always say it that way, so there you can anyway. 500 00:25:14,359 --> 00:25:16,800 Speaker 1: So if you have anything you would like to share 501 00:25:16,840 --> 00:25:20,080 Speaker 1: with us, be it about Grand Auto, theft, or uh 502 00:25:20,160 --> 00:25:24,240 Speaker 1: your own encounters with the apathy of the crowds, then 503 00:25:24,560 --> 00:25:26,160 Speaker 1: let us know about it. For starters, you can find 504 00:25:26,200 --> 00:25:28,280 Speaker 1: us on Facebook and Twitter. We are blow the Mind 505 00:25:28,320 --> 00:25:30,520 Speaker 1: on both of those, and you can always drop us 506 00:25:30,520 --> 00:25:32,320 Speaker 1: a line at blow the Mind at how stuff works 507 00:25:32,320 --> 00:25:40,160 Speaker 1: dot com. Be sure to check out our new video podcast, 508 00:25:40,400 --> 00:25:43,239 Speaker 1: Stuff from the Future. Join how Stuff Work staff as 509 00:25:43,280 --> 00:25:47,000 Speaker 1: we explore the most promising and perplexing possibilities of tomorrow.