1 00:00:00,280 --> 00:00:02,000 Speaker 1: This Day in History Class. It's a production of I 2 00:00:02,080 --> 00:00:08,400 Speaker 1: Heart Radio Hid Again. Everyone. I'm Eves and you're listening 3 00:00:08,480 --> 00:00:11,479 Speaker 1: to this Day in History class, where instead of going 4 00:00:11,520 --> 00:00:14,120 Speaker 1: back to the future, we go back to the past. 5 00:00:15,920 --> 00:00:30,920 Speaker 1: Today is December nineteen. The day was December Emilio Jacinto, 6 00:00:31,200 --> 00:00:35,760 Speaker 1: a revolutionary during the Philippine Revolution, was born. Jacinto was 7 00:00:35,800 --> 00:00:41,400 Speaker 1: born in Tondo, Manila, to Mariano Jacinto and his father. 8 00:00:41,520 --> 00:00:45,600 Speaker 1: Mariano died when he was young. His maternal uncle, Jose Dison, 9 00:00:45,880 --> 00:00:49,880 Speaker 1: helped support him. Not much is known about Jacinto's childhood, 10 00:00:50,240 --> 00:00:52,559 Speaker 1: but it is known that he was fluent in Spanish 11 00:00:52,600 --> 00:00:57,080 Speaker 1: and Tagalog. He attended the San Juan de Letron College 12 00:00:57,080 --> 00:01:00,680 Speaker 1: in Manila, transferring later to the University of Santo Thomas 13 00:01:00,920 --> 00:01:04,560 Speaker 1: to study law, but his opposition to Spanish colonial rule 14 00:01:04,600 --> 00:01:07,479 Speaker 1: in the Philippines drove him to leave school and join 15 00:01:07,560 --> 00:01:11,920 Speaker 1: a revolutionary group called the Katipoon in The Spanish began 16 00:01:12,040 --> 00:01:15,760 Speaker 1: colonizing the Philippines in the mid fifteen hundreds after Spanish 17 00:01:15,880 --> 00:01:21,160 Speaker 1: navigator Miguel Lopez de Legaspi arrived with an expedition. Spanish 18 00:01:21,160 --> 00:01:24,120 Speaker 1: colonial rule was marked by the Christianization of Filipinos and 19 00:01:24,160 --> 00:01:28,280 Speaker 1: a powerful church, investment in education, and the development of 20 00:01:28,319 --> 00:01:32,199 Speaker 1: an indigenous upper class and educated middle class, among other 21 00:01:32,280 --> 00:01:36,680 Speaker 1: major political and social shifts. There had been some resistance 22 00:01:36,720 --> 00:01:40,120 Speaker 1: to Spanish rule over the years, but by the nineteenth century, 23 00:01:40,240 --> 00:01:45,800 Speaker 1: ideas of Philippine independence began to spread. In eighteen seventy two, 24 00:01:46,080 --> 00:01:51,720 Speaker 1: Filipino priest Mariana Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora, collectively 25 00:01:51,760 --> 00:01:55,600 Speaker 1: known as Gombursa, were executed by Spanish authorities for their 26 00:01:55,600 --> 00:01:59,560 Speaker 1: alleged involvement with the Cavite mutiny and uprising of Filipino 27 00:01:59,600 --> 00:02:04,800 Speaker 1: troops and workers. This inspired reform minded Filipino students who 28 00:02:04,800 --> 00:02:07,920 Speaker 1: went to Europe to study to form the Propaganda movement. 29 00:02:09,000 --> 00:02:12,520 Speaker 1: Jose Rizal was one of the movement's most prominent leaders, 30 00:02:12,800 --> 00:02:16,639 Speaker 1: and his writings galvanized people into fighting for Philippine independence. 31 00:02:17,760 --> 00:02:21,359 Speaker 1: Motivated by these Spanish crackdowns on the nationalist movement and 32 00:02:21,520 --> 00:02:25,560 Speaker 1: growing resistance to Spanish authority, the Katipunan formed as a 33 00:02:25,639 --> 00:02:31,359 Speaker 1: secret revolutionary society, Andres Bonifacio, a warehouse clerk, led the society, 34 00:02:31,480 --> 00:02:33,680 Speaker 1: which called for the expulsion of the Spanish from the 35 00:02:33,680 --> 00:02:39,240 Speaker 1: Philippines and prepared for armed rebellion Jacinto served as fiscal 36 00:02:39,280 --> 00:02:44,040 Speaker 1: advisor and secretary to Bonifacio. He also wrote manifestos, articles, 37 00:02:44,160 --> 00:02:48,960 Speaker 1: and poetry for the society's newspaper, The Kalian. He wrote 38 00:02:48,960 --> 00:02:53,079 Speaker 1: the Society's official handbook, which detailed its rules and principles 39 00:02:53,320 --> 00:02:56,840 Speaker 1: for new and existing members, and he became a general 40 00:02:56,880 --> 00:03:01,880 Speaker 1: in the society's guerilla army. Membership, the Katipunan grew substantially, 41 00:03:02,280 --> 00:03:06,760 Speaker 1: and the Spanish discovered the society. The Philippine Revolution broke 42 00:03:06,800 --> 00:03:10,760 Speaker 1: out in eighteen ninety six. That same year, the Spanish 43 00:03:10,800 --> 00:03:15,600 Speaker 1: executed Resolve, but in eighteen ninety seven the Media Aguinaldo, 44 00:03:15,880 --> 00:03:19,600 Speaker 1: who led the Magdalo faction of the Katipunan, made himself 45 00:03:19,680 --> 00:03:23,800 Speaker 1: president of the revolutionary government and ordered the execution of Bonifacio. 46 00:03:24,919 --> 00:03:28,760 Speaker 1: Jacinto carried on Bonifacio's legacy of fighting the Spanish, but 47 00:03:28,919 --> 00:03:33,280 Speaker 1: he refused to join the Magdalo faction under Aguinaldo. In 48 00:03:33,320 --> 00:03:37,000 Speaker 1: eighteen ninety eight, Jacinto's leg was injured while fighting in Laguna, 49 00:03:37,280 --> 00:03:41,280 Speaker 1: a province southeast of Manila. He died at age twenty 50 00:03:41,360 --> 00:03:46,800 Speaker 1: three after contracting malaria. Initially buried in Laguna, his remains 51 00:03:46,880 --> 00:03:50,480 Speaker 1: were later transferred to Manila North Cemetery and again to 52 00:03:50,560 --> 00:03:56,320 Speaker 1: him Liyang Pilipino Memorial Park. Filipino revolutionary forces declared Philippine 53 00:03:56,320 --> 00:04:00,040 Speaker 1: independence from Spanish rule in eighteen ninety eight, but the 54 00:04:00,120 --> 00:04:03,200 Speaker 1: US soon annexed the Philippines as part of his peace 55 00:04:03,240 --> 00:04:08,400 Speaker 1: treaty with Spain, and resistance efforts persisted. I'm Eve Jeff 56 00:04:08,440 --> 00:04:11,040 Speaker 1: Coote and hopefully you know a little more about history 57 00:04:11,080 --> 00:04:14,640 Speaker 1: today than you did yesterday. 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