WEBVTT - SYSK Selects: Lab-grown meat: Order up! 0:00:00.960 --> 0:00:03.520 Hey, everybody, it's me Josh and for this week's s 0:00:03.640 --> 0:00:06.960 Y s K Selectum choosing Uh the episode on lab 0:00:07.040 --> 0:00:10.959 grown meat. It first aired in December two, twelve, UM, 0:00:11.000 --> 0:00:12.959 and it's good to check in on these things. We've 0:00:13.000 --> 0:00:15.800 made some progress in the field, true, but we still 0:00:15.800 --> 0:00:18.760 have a very long way to go before there's a 0:00:18.840 --> 0:00:22.280 lab grown slab of meat in every pot in every 0:00:22.320 --> 0:00:25.280 house in America. So let's step it up, people. Uh, 0:00:25.320 --> 0:00:28.400 and also keep an ear out for goodbre four Gas. 0:00:29.080 --> 0:00:32.919 Such an excellent name. It actually rivals Ganto genev as 0:00:33.000 --> 0:00:40.360 the possible future name for my horse. Uh. Enjoy. Welcome 0:00:40.400 --> 0:00:51.440 to Stuff You Should Know from House Stuff Works dot com. Hey, 0:00:51.479 --> 0:00:54.520 and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark with me 0:00:54.560 --> 0:00:59.200 as always as Charles W. Chuck Bryant, and Um. This 0:00:59.320 --> 0:01:04.160 here is Stuff should Know the podcast. Welcome bien venue, 0:01:04.880 --> 0:01:10.480 Bill Coleman. What is that from the producers? I don't know. 0:01:11.520 --> 0:01:16.160 Is that from something? Yeah? I think maybe Cabaret. I've 0:01:16.160 --> 0:01:18.360 never seen it. I don't know. I just just saying 0:01:18.360 --> 0:01:22.479 welcome in different languages. Um. So you're feeling good right now. 0:01:22.800 --> 0:01:25.040 I'm feeling better now that we have gotten the Condom 0:01:25.120 --> 0:01:26.560 podcast out of the way. I was a little bit 0:01:26.959 --> 0:01:31.080 uh sweaty oh yeah during that one got me all 0:01:31.080 --> 0:01:34.119 worked up. Um, so now we can talk about lab 0:01:34.120 --> 0:01:38.959 grown meat. What a great one to punch. Jerry's giggling. 0:01:39.959 --> 0:01:43.000 We are talking lab grown meat, man, We're talking about 0:01:43.040 --> 0:01:46.080 possibly the future of humanity or what the future of 0:01:46.160 --> 0:01:51.120 humanity will eat. Um. And this has kind of been 0:01:51.800 --> 0:01:55.520 a big thing ever since two thousand one, which we'll 0:01:55.520 --> 0:01:59.280 get to a second. Let's flash forward by flashing back 0:01:59.600 --> 0:02:02.760 to two thousand eight when Peter the People for the 0:02:02.800 --> 0:02:06.440 Ethical Treatment of Animals and posted a one million dollar 0:02:06.520 --> 0:02:09.639 reward to the first researcher that could come up with 0:02:10.120 --> 0:02:13.679 lab grown a K in vitro a k a cultured 0:02:14.120 --> 0:02:17.640 meat that was commercially viable, meaning it was for sale 0:02:18.040 --> 0:02:23.880 and within in ten states by June twenty thousand twelve. 0:02:24.400 --> 0:02:27.120 That didn't happen. No, it didn't happen. But Peter is 0:02:27.240 --> 0:02:32.040 very excited because they said in October the first taste 0:02:32.040 --> 0:02:36.320 test of in vitro hamburger took place. And I think 0:02:36.320 --> 0:02:39.359 we know who that was, don't we was that the man? 0:02:39.560 --> 0:02:43.079 I believe it was a guy named Gabor four gacks. Yeah, 0:02:43.160 --> 0:02:45.920 that's a funny name, but he is one of the 0:02:46.000 --> 0:02:51.600 leaders in the lab grown meat. He's basically one of two. 0:02:52.200 --> 0:02:54.680 There is a Bill Gates and the Steve Jobs in 0:02:54.720 --> 0:02:58.240 the in vitro meat game and Gibor four Gacks. I 0:02:58.320 --> 0:03:00.960 take it as the Steve Jobs. Yeah. He's from the 0:03:01.080 --> 0:03:05.200 University of Missouri and he's a tissue engineering specialist, and 0:03:05.240 --> 0:03:09.440 he has a company called Modern Meadows. Great name, it's 0:03:09.440 --> 0:03:12.200 a It's one of the better company names I've heard 0:03:12.240 --> 0:03:14.520 of in my life. Yeah, it really fits. It's not 0:03:14.600 --> 0:03:16.880 too clever, you know. I hate the ones that are 0:03:16.880 --> 0:03:20.840 too like not a winkie, you know, like robo cow. 0:03:21.760 --> 0:03:24.080 Yeah is that another one? No, I just made it. 0:03:24.080 --> 0:03:27.120 Oh see, that's awful. That's great. I channel my inner 0:03:27.200 --> 0:03:31.480 John Strickling. That's very good. Um this is I just 0:03:31.520 --> 0:03:33.480 pictured Strickling, like just sticking his head in the door 0:03:33.520 --> 0:03:38.040 and saying a robo cow. Um. So anyway, Modern Meadows 0:03:38.080 --> 0:03:40.920 is his company, and their aim is to get this 0:03:41.000 --> 0:03:44.720 stuff tasty enough and cheap enough to make it a 0:03:44.800 --> 0:03:48.800 viable solution for either people who want to eat meat 0:03:48.880 --> 0:03:53.160 but have reasons to not, or to help solve the 0:03:53.200 --> 0:03:57.480 impending hunger crisis. Not impending it's kind of already here. Uh. 0:03:57.520 --> 0:04:00.160 And apparently it may not have been four gack, so 0:04:00.320 --> 0:04:01.920 it could have been. I don't know, but four gas 0:04:02.000 --> 0:04:05.920 definitely did a taste test himself earlier in two In 0:04:06.000 --> 0:04:09.280 two thousand eleven, Um he went to a ted Med 0:04:09.360 --> 0:04:12.680 conference and talked about his synthetic meat and then eight 0:04:12.760 --> 0:04:17.720 some on stage, which is kind of weird because it's like, yeah, 0:04:17.720 --> 0:04:20.040 it's kind of weird. It's like, I mean, I guess 0:04:20.080 --> 0:04:22.000 if you were like hawking hot dogs or something, you 0:04:22.040 --> 0:04:24.880 would eat them in public. So that's not that odd, 0:04:25.080 --> 0:04:27.520 and it seems at first blush, it's a little sounds 0:04:27.560 --> 0:04:31.040 a little bit of a carnival barker uh feel to that. Though. 0:04:31.160 --> 0:04:35.280 They say that every great scientist is one part BF Skinner, 0:04:35.360 --> 0:04:38.359 one part P. T. Barnum. Yeah, well that's a principal 0:04:38.360 --> 0:04:42.800 Skinner said, oh yeah on The Simpsons. Yeah that's good. 0:04:42.920 --> 0:04:45.400 That's good saying though, like it. Yeah, um, the other 0:04:45.600 --> 0:04:47.640 the Bill Gates or was that the Bill Gates? I 0:04:47.680 --> 0:04:50.279 think four Gacks is Steve Jobs. Okay, so the Bill 0:04:50.320 --> 0:04:54.160 Gates is Marquis post from night Court from TV's Night Court. 0:04:55.080 --> 0:05:00.880 Oh no, Mark post from My Strict You Diversity um 0:05:00.880 --> 0:05:02.920 which is in the Netherlands. Right, It's like these two 0:05:03.000 --> 0:05:07.040 universities get their researchers swapped smart Post is in the 0:05:07.040 --> 0:05:10.840 Netherlands and get more four gases and when University Missouri 0:05:12.120 --> 0:05:15.960 maybe they did an exchange program or something. So Post 0:05:16.080 --> 0:05:21.120 is a vascular physiologist and he and they say that 0:05:21.160 --> 0:05:24.000 they're not competing. No, And if you look at their 0:05:24.040 --> 0:05:27.000 their stuff, they're coming up with two very different means 0:05:27.040 --> 0:05:31.000 to the same end eventually. But who knows, maybe their friends. 0:05:31.240 --> 0:05:33.960 I would imagine that's a pretty small community, the synthetic 0:05:34.000 --> 0:05:36.400 meat community. Yeah, they're probably on each other speed dial, 0:05:36.440 --> 0:05:40.120 I bet right. And they're supposedly only about thirty groups 0:05:40.200 --> 0:05:43.400 working on this right now. But what's what's mind boggling 0:05:43.480 --> 0:05:46.880 is just how much of an impact a breakthrough, a 0:05:46.920 --> 0:05:49.320 real breakthrough. And by breakthrough, it was like you were 0:05:49.360 --> 0:05:52.479 saying four gacks said like, you have to get it cheap, 0:05:52.920 --> 0:05:55.039 you have to get it tasty, and then you have 0:05:55.080 --> 0:05:57.440 to get the public to eat it. But how much 0:05:57.440 --> 0:05:59.960 of a real breakthrough that would be. If someone were 0:06:00.040 --> 0:06:03.000 able to do that, it would be tremendous, okay, and 0:06:03.040 --> 0:06:05.960 potentially solve a lot of problems that are impending so 0:06:06.040 --> 0:06:09.200 this idea is not new, the idea of creating lab 0:06:09.240 --> 0:06:13.839 grown meat, the Churchill thing. Yeah, you don't think that's 0:06:13.880 --> 0:06:17.839 exactly what we're talking about. Oh, I guess so. Plus 0:06:17.839 --> 0:06:20.000 it's Winston Churchill. He's like one of the coolest people 0:06:20.000 --> 0:06:23.560 of all time, that's true. Before he was a prime minister, 0:06:23.680 --> 0:06:29.360 Churchill predicted that by quote, we shall escape the absurdity 0:06:29.560 --> 0:06:32.039 of growing a whole chicken in order to eat the 0:06:32.040 --> 0:06:34.960 breast or wing by growing these parts separately under a 0:06:34.960 --> 0:06:40.480 suitable medium. And he was off roughly by twenty years man, 0:06:41.000 --> 0:06:44.360 you know, and he may have met like mass produced, 0:06:44.360 --> 0:06:46.559 like we'd be doing that by then in fifty years 0:06:47.320 --> 0:06:51.320 in two thousand one, twenty years after his prediction, UM 0:06:51.440 --> 0:06:55.520 or the deadline of his prediction. UM A guy from 0:06:55.880 --> 0:06:59.760 UM two or O College. I've never heard of them, 0:07:00.240 --> 0:07:03.400 New York Toro College, t U r oh never heard 0:07:03.440 --> 0:07:07.279 of it either. Well, his name is Morris Benjaminson. His 0:07:07.360 --> 0:07:11.120 dad's name is Benjamin. Uh. He came up with this 0:07:11.200 --> 0:07:16.000 idea to take gold fish goldfish muscle cut fresh out 0:07:16.000 --> 0:07:18.560 of a live goldfish. Yeah, it was pretty bad for 0:07:18.600 --> 0:07:22.800 the goldfish, and then thrown into a vat of nutrient 0:07:23.000 --> 0:07:27.680 rich fetal bovine serum, which is wow. I wonder why 0:07:27.800 --> 0:07:29.600 use goldfish? That's what I don't get. Why didn't he 0:07:29.680 --> 0:07:31.720 use like talapia or something someone might want to eat. 0:07:31.800 --> 0:07:33.480 I don't know. Maybe that was the only thing that 0:07:33.520 --> 0:07:36.720 was handy. There was an office goals. She brought it 0:07:36.720 --> 0:07:40.800 into his little plastic bag and instead of eating it 0:07:40.920 --> 0:07:45.400 live for his fraternity prank, he grew some more. He 0:07:45.440 --> 0:07:49.440 actually grew fourteen percent more. Yeah, um of what was 0:07:49.520 --> 0:07:54.520 what he put into this fetal bovine serum? The cells divided, yep, 0:07:54.880 --> 0:07:57.200 they he They were live, which is big, but the 0:07:57.240 --> 0:08:00.960 serum coaxed it in, continuing to divid ed and again 0:08:01.240 --> 0:08:05.040 formed four more mass than was originally introduced, more mass 0:08:05.120 --> 0:08:08.440 or did you write this? No? This is Patrick Kiger, 0:08:08.520 --> 0:08:13.880 as Patrick puts it, worth of additional flesh on the chunks. Yeah, 0:08:14.960 --> 0:08:17.600 I like your like mass better than flesh on the chunks. 0:08:17.760 --> 0:08:21.160 Flesh on the chunks is good. It's a band name. Yes, 0:08:22.640 --> 0:08:25.760 So this guy has this bit and he's like, holy cow, 0:08:25.800 --> 0:08:29.440 it worked, let's eat it. So he tried to. He 0:08:29.520 --> 0:08:32.960 started to fried up with a bit of lemon olive 0:08:32.960 --> 0:08:37.160 oil and garlic and pepper, right yeah, it makes great sense, 0:08:37.400 --> 0:08:40.240 and no one would eat it. I would have tried it. 0:08:40.320 --> 0:08:41.880 I would have to. Actually, I don't know if I 0:08:41.880 --> 0:08:43.880 would have tried goldfish, if it would have been something else, 0:08:44.080 --> 0:09:16.600 the goldfish is still a big turn off. So his 0:09:16.679 --> 0:09:20.720 initial thought was this could be great for astronauts, um, 0:09:20.760 --> 0:09:24.680 if they could eat goldfish or I guess fake meat 0:09:25.280 --> 0:09:30.280 out in space. That was his original thought, was astronaut used, 0:09:30.360 --> 0:09:32.680 isn't that what everybody thinks whenever you think of something 0:09:32.720 --> 0:09:35.959 made in the lab that normally nature produces, it's like, oh, well, 0:09:36.000 --> 0:09:40.480 astronauts will go bonkers for this. Well, apparently Benjamin said 0:09:40.480 --> 0:09:43.240 had the same idea, like you said. But as news 0:09:43.240 --> 0:09:47.360 of this got out, UM Peter and other animal rights 0:09:47.480 --> 0:09:50.760 organizations were like, whoa, whoa, wait, what did you just do? 0:09:51.920 --> 0:09:56.920 We are full supporters of this idea, because again People 0:09:56.960 --> 0:10:00.560 for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, the Americans Society for 0:10:00.600 --> 0:10:04.240 the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. When you eat a steak, 0:10:04.280 --> 0:10:10.040 when you eat um pork or bacon or ham, all 0:10:10.080 --> 0:10:15.920 these things come from an animals, often lovable animal, but 0:10:16.040 --> 0:10:18.920 people still like to eat them. People still get nutrients 0:10:18.960 --> 0:10:21.800 from So if you take the idea that an animal, 0:10:21.880 --> 0:10:27.200 a live, sentient animal, suffered and died so that you 0:10:27.200 --> 0:10:31.600 could eat it and still eat it. Man. That's like, 0:10:31.840 --> 0:10:34.360 that's the bonanza right there. It is for at least 0:10:34.400 --> 0:10:36.840 for people who object to eating meat for out of 0:10:37.440 --> 0:10:41.320 cruelty and still want to eat meat, object on the 0:10:41.320 --> 0:10:45.160 grounds of cruelty to write to eating meat. Um. In 0:10:45.200 --> 0:10:47.640 two thousand and eight in Norway they had a conference 0:10:47.640 --> 0:10:51.200 the first time ever on testued meat and they released 0:10:51.200 --> 0:10:55.040 a study saying, you know what, we could potentially manufacture 0:10:55.080 --> 0:10:57.960 the stuff for five thousand dollars a ton, which would 0:10:58.000 --> 0:11:02.719 make it competitive on an economic basis with real meat, um, 0:11:02.800 --> 0:11:05.720 by which is right now they are about thirty different 0:11:05.760 --> 0:11:08.839 research teams working on this. But like we said, I 0:11:09.000 --> 0:11:12.880 get the feeling that post in igor what was his name? 0:11:13.320 --> 0:11:18.600 Good four gags are definitely a deleting edge. Um. And 0:11:18.640 --> 0:11:20.800 I did a little calculating here, Chuck, if if you 0:11:20.840 --> 0:11:24.000 don't mind, I found how much it costs in Illinois 0:11:24.040 --> 0:11:27.240 in two thousand seven to raise a pound of beef 0:11:28.120 --> 0:11:34.600 and it was something like sixty five cents a pound, right, which, um, 0:11:34.640 --> 0:11:37.760 that's how much it costs to raise it Right about now, 0:11:37.800 --> 0:11:40.920 it's about two eight eight a pound for ground beef retail. 0:11:41.760 --> 0:11:44.920 It's like a markup of like four point five times 0:11:45.679 --> 0:11:48.080 for chuck or for or are we just talking? I'm 0:11:48.120 --> 0:11:51.960 just okay, yeah, I'm just this is just rough back 0:11:51.960 --> 0:11:55.840 of the envelope kind of stuff. Um, if if you 0:11:55.920 --> 0:12:01.200 took that five thousand dollars a ton um in vitro 0:12:01.360 --> 0:12:05.200 meat figure and that's how much it costom manufacturer, and 0:12:05.200 --> 0:12:07.640 then also did that same four point five time mark up, 0:12:08.000 --> 0:12:10.640 you come to about eleven dollars a pound, which is 0:12:10.880 --> 0:12:14.360 pretty competitive. Yeah, because I mean think about it. You're 0:12:14.360 --> 0:12:19.400 paying that much for filet, right, Uh well, yeah, if 0:12:19.400 --> 0:12:22.480 this were marketed correctly, it would seem even cooler than filet, 0:12:23.200 --> 0:12:25.240 and people see it tasted good. Yeah, And people pay 0:12:25.240 --> 0:12:28.080 a lot of money for kobe beef. Most times are 0:12:28.120 --> 0:12:31.080 not even getting kobe beef. You know about that whole thing, right, 0:12:31.440 --> 0:12:33.360 It's it's a big a lot of times, it's a 0:12:33.400 --> 0:12:36.400 big scam. I could see that because I mean, who knows, 0:12:36.480 --> 0:12:38.480 there's probably a handful of people in the world who 0:12:38.480 --> 0:12:42.520 could differentiate the taste of kobe beef from other beef. Yeah, exactly. 0:12:42.840 --> 0:12:45.840 Even like really renowned restaurants are serving what they call 0:12:45.920 --> 0:12:47.640 kobe beef for a lot of money. It's not Kobaby 0:12:47.960 --> 0:12:51.080 is messed up it up. That's like a lobster. Lobster. 0:12:51.280 --> 0:12:54.120 The price of lobster is like in the basement right 0:12:54.160 --> 0:12:57.040 now in restaurants are still charging as much as ever 0:12:57.400 --> 0:13:00.600 for it and making tons of money, and but the 0:13:00.640 --> 0:13:02.520 lobster men are just getting like the short end of 0:13:02.559 --> 0:13:05.360 the stick because there's a huge supply of them right now. Yeah, 0:13:05.360 --> 0:13:07.080 but in lobster, one of those where they usually don't 0:13:07.080 --> 0:13:09.600 say market price on the menu, isn't usually like just 0:13:09.880 --> 0:13:13.520 straight up it'll say market price even if it does, 0:13:13.640 --> 0:13:16.160 and they're still charging you a bunch like what market 0:13:16.200 --> 0:13:18.760 price used to be when the price of lobster actually 0:13:18.840 --> 0:13:20.520 was high. I wonder if you could come in with 0:13:20.559 --> 0:13:22.560 some numbers and say, no, no, no, that's not market price. 0:13:22.920 --> 0:13:26.360 Apparently you can argue with just about anybody really. Yeah, 0:13:26.400 --> 0:13:29.440 And and often when you know, our buddy Julie was 0:13:29.440 --> 0:13:33.000 in Maine, she vacations in Maine some and she said 0:13:33.040 --> 0:13:36.520 they're like given her lobsters on her last trip, like 0:13:36.760 --> 0:13:38.679 here's twenty of lobsters, Like we don't want them to 0:13:38.720 --> 0:13:42.120 go to waste. Julie of stuff to blow your mind. No, 0:13:42.280 --> 0:13:46.640 Julie Smith, Oh okay, yeah, a producer, Yeah you have 0:13:46.800 --> 0:13:51.320 TV um. Yes, it's because there's like a huge boom 0:13:51.320 --> 0:13:54.080 in the lobster population. Yeah, man, I love a lobster 0:13:54.200 --> 0:13:57.280 roll boy. We got really off track here, all right. 0:13:57.480 --> 0:14:02.480 See little there's synthetic lobster. It's actually cod right. Oh 0:14:02.679 --> 0:14:06.600 the that' sementation crab meat. Yeah, that's not synthetic though, 0:14:07.480 --> 0:14:12.479 it's imitation. Yeah, imitation a big difference. Alright. So um, 0:14:12.520 --> 0:14:15.839 the Dutch team headed by Marquis Posts, they are using 0:14:16.120 --> 0:14:20.040 cow stem cells to create this meat. So they culture 0:14:20.080 --> 0:14:23.280 the stem cell little petrie dishes, put it in a 0:14:23.280 --> 0:14:27.720 small container um to produce muscle cells. Sounds kind of gross, 0:14:28.600 --> 0:14:31.840 and they form little small pieces of muscle about two 0:14:31.880 --> 0:14:36.120 centimeters long, centimeter wide, and a millimeter thick. And they 0:14:36.160 --> 0:14:38.800 say that it looks a little more like calamari than 0:14:38.840 --> 0:14:41.320 any kind of a hamburger. And the taste initially is 0:14:41.360 --> 0:14:43.880 pretty bland, right, And the reason the taste is bland 0:14:43.920 --> 0:14:48.680 is because it's missing a lot of essential ingredients to meat, 0:14:49.280 --> 0:14:53.840 like blood, blood uh fat, yeah, blood veins, And it's 0:14:53.880 --> 0:14:56.240 sent as muscle cells, but muscle fibers are you're eating. 0:14:56.280 --> 0:14:58.840 And do you know that it was only within the 0:14:58.920 --> 0:15:03.040 last couple of months that I realized meat steak is 0:15:03.240 --> 0:15:06.800 muscle mass. That told me that you were shocked back then, 0:15:06.840 --> 0:15:07.920 and I was like, what do you think it was? 0:15:08.080 --> 0:15:09.880 I I hadn't really thought of it. I thought it 0:15:09.920 --> 0:15:12.920 was its own thing, like there's fat, muscle meat and 0:15:12.960 --> 0:15:16.120 then steak. Yeah, like that's really what I thought. And 0:15:16.160 --> 0:15:18.880 then I suddenly just I don't know why I was 0:15:18.920 --> 0:15:21.440 thinking about it. I think I wanted a steak because 0:15:21.480 --> 0:15:23.000 I was thinking about a steak and I thought too 0:15:23.000 --> 0:15:27.000 hard and all of a sudden realized what a steak was. Um. 0:15:27.040 --> 0:15:29.760 But yeah, so it's but it's not just this muscle. 0:15:29.840 --> 0:15:32.640 It's muscle fibers, it's fat, it's blood. It's like all 0:15:32.760 --> 0:15:35.480 this stuff comes together and they're gonna have to really 0:15:35.600 --> 0:15:40.480 lick that before they can make the stuff commercially viable. Absolutely. Um. 0:15:40.520 --> 0:15:42.920 One of the ideas that modern meadows using is to 0:15:44.160 --> 0:15:46.880 use a three D printer to spray what they call 0:15:47.760 --> 0:15:51.480 bio inc which is muscle cells and stuff like that 0:15:51.560 --> 0:15:55.240 to build up you know, they like spray many layers 0:15:55.240 --> 0:15:57.000 of the stuff to build it up into like more 0:15:57.320 --> 0:16:00.960 viable meat. Option, which is pretty cool. Three D printers. 0:16:01.000 --> 0:16:04.400 Pretty awesome to hear about Japan's photo booth. They they're 0:16:04.440 --> 0:16:07.320 opening the world's first three D printing photo booth. So 0:16:07.400 --> 0:16:08.880 you go in and you come out with like a 0:16:08.880 --> 0:16:12.360 little statue of you or you and your your lady 0:16:12.480 --> 0:16:17.680 and yeah, yeah, I would do that totally. I don't know, 0:16:17.720 --> 0:16:21.400 but I would guess a lot. It's sort of like 0:16:21.440 --> 0:16:26.040 in vitro meat. Alright, So what are the other hurdles here? Um, 0:16:26.080 --> 0:16:29.200 it's tricky, like you said, it's it's a a mix 0:16:29.200 --> 0:16:32.040 of fuel and salt and minerals and hormones, and this 0:16:32.120 --> 0:16:35.160 is just to grow the cells that are healthy enough 0:16:35.200 --> 0:16:38.840 to survive. Like that's not even talking about getting it 0:16:38.840 --> 0:16:42.280 to look like a steak or a hamburger patty, because 0:16:42.280 --> 0:16:44.520 like you said, it's not just you know, it's very 0:16:44.520 --> 0:16:49.680 complex a group of stuff in there. It's not just 0:16:49.760 --> 0:16:53.600 like muscle and that's it. And uh, it's extremely expensive. 0:16:53.920 --> 0:16:56.160 Right now, I think we were kind of touched upon. 0:16:56.280 --> 0:17:00.360 But Mark Posts said that his his hamburger, the first 0:17:00.360 --> 0:17:03.680 one that he would ever make, would cost about grand Yeah, 0:17:04.040 --> 0:17:06.080 but he's looking for a celebrity chef to cook it. 0:17:06.240 --> 0:17:11.200 Kind of drum up business and gabore um fo gas Right, 0:17:11.280 --> 0:17:14.000 that's his last name, four gack four gack Um. He 0:17:14.080 --> 0:17:18.160 was saying his modern Meadows stuff would be between umte 0:17:18.400 --> 0:17:20.880 a d eighty bucks a pound, right, which like you said, 0:17:20.960 --> 0:17:25.399 is competitive with Kobe. Yeah. And and that's four Gacks 0:17:25.480 --> 0:17:28.600 sees this as he I don't think he sees it 0:17:28.640 --> 0:17:31.120 as like, hey, this is gonna be the everyday solution. 0:17:31.440 --> 0:17:34.879 He sees it as a niche industry. Um. He also 0:17:34.920 --> 0:17:37.720 said that his first product is more likely going to 0:17:37.760 --> 0:17:40.840 be leather because it's not as regulated and it's a 0:17:40.840 --> 0:17:45.320 little easier to accept us for the public at large. Um. 0:17:46.080 --> 0:17:49.160 He also was saying that as far as creating food goes, 0:17:49.200 --> 0:17:52.760 like we are imaginations immediately jumped to building a steak building, 0:17:52.800 --> 0:17:55.959 a hamburger building like a pork top or something like that. Right. 0:17:56.720 --> 0:17:59.600 He was saying, probably the first stuff that we're gonna 0:17:59.680 --> 0:18:02.359 see is going to be like flower and he pointed 0:18:02.359 --> 0:18:04.200 out in this one CNN article we read like you 0:18:04.240 --> 0:18:08.840 don't eat flour flowers and like everything that you eat. Um. 0:18:08.880 --> 0:18:10.919 And he was saying, like this will be stuff to 0:18:11.480 --> 0:18:17.600 create meatballs with or pete. It's like instead of taking 0:18:17.600 --> 0:18:19.760 a chicken and chopping it up and then using it 0:18:19.800 --> 0:18:23.800 in that pete. You would, you know, use it although 0:18:24.040 --> 0:18:26.560 more as an ingredient rather than like the steak on 0:18:26.600 --> 0:18:31.840 the plate exactly, at least for now makes sense. Um, 0:18:31.920 --> 0:18:34.440 this could potentially be a great thing for many reasons, 0:18:35.040 --> 0:18:38.480 one of which is uh not, the least of which 0:18:39.040 --> 0:18:42.600 is that lab grown meat would have about seventy eight 0:18:43.640 --> 0:18:49.920 fewer greenhouse gasses, less land obviously, eighty two to ninety 0:18:50.000 --> 0:18:54.440 six percent less water, and eight of the world's greenhouse 0:18:54.480 --> 0:18:56.919 emissions come from the livestock sector right now. And you 0:18:57.000 --> 0:19:03.640 know from what well, gas and and gas yeah, two 0:19:03.640 --> 0:19:06.640 types of gas. Yeah, like we have a methane problem 0:19:06.760 --> 0:19:09.800 from cow poop and gas and then all the gas 0:19:09.960 --> 0:19:11.880 used to you know, obviously take care of the industry. 0:19:11.920 --> 0:19:15.760 Plus it's also just a lot more energy efficient. We 0:19:15.880 --> 0:19:20.359 use a hundred grams of grain to produce fifteen grams 0:19:20.359 --> 0:19:22.879 of meat. That's acent efficiency. Because what do you do 0:19:22.920 --> 0:19:28.240 in chuck when you like, feed something something? Right, you take, um, 0:19:28.520 --> 0:19:31.560 you take the energy found in a plant and feed 0:19:31.600 --> 0:19:35.840 it to an animals. It's energy transfer, but you lose apparently, 0:19:35.960 --> 0:19:38.280 and you're thinking, um, with lab grown meat, the energy 0:19:38.320 --> 0:19:42.439 efficiency will be like, that's awesome, and some of the 0:19:42.440 --> 0:19:45.119 other costs. To grow a pound of beef regular beef 0:19:45.800 --> 0:19:50.240 necessitates gallons of water, twelve pounds of grain, thirty five 0:19:50.280 --> 0:19:53.639 pounds of top soil, and the equivalent energy wise of 0:19:53.680 --> 0:19:56.640 one gallon of gas to grow a pound of meat 0:19:56.760 --> 0:19:58.920 just one pound of ground beef. Right, So you've got 0:19:58.920 --> 0:20:01.359 a lot of people standing for meeting meat because of 0:20:01.440 --> 0:20:04.520 the animal cruelty aspect um. You have a lot of 0:20:04.520 --> 0:20:08.879 people saying it's just socially irresponsible to eat meat. Um. 0:20:08.920 --> 0:20:12.840 And then you have people who, um, well, I guess 0:20:12.840 --> 0:20:14.800 that's it, right, that's the only reason people don't eat me. 0:20:15.800 --> 0:20:18.840 Uh yeah, Well people like my wife who don't like 0:20:18.880 --> 0:20:21.080 the taste. Okay, well this is not going to appeal 0:20:21.080 --> 0:20:23.199 to hurt at all, there no, no, no, um. But 0:20:23.359 --> 0:20:27.159 you were saying like that this this the environment or 0:20:27.240 --> 0:20:30.840 ecological consumption that it takes to create a pound of meat. 0:20:31.000 --> 0:20:33.879 Apparently they think that meat production is going to have 0:20:34.000 --> 0:20:38.439 to um double in the next forty years because of 0:20:38.560 --> 0:20:42.400 increasing incomes around the world. Typically, when your GDP goes up, 0:20:42.600 --> 0:20:45.720 your consumption of meat goes through the roof, and China 0:20:45.760 --> 0:20:48.119 and India are on the way up, and they're thinking 0:20:48.200 --> 0:20:53.399 that meat is going to get in higher demand. Not 0:20:53.520 --> 0:20:55.640 enough land right like right now, I think it's said 0:20:55.640 --> 0:20:58.640 seventy of dry land on the earth is used for 0:20:59.000 --> 0:21:05.800 either grazing or some factor of livestock. So like, what 0:21:05.840 --> 0:21:08.560 are you gonna do there's not that much more land 0:21:08.640 --> 0:21:10.880 left to just use for cattle. Well, what they would 0:21:10.880 --> 0:21:12.959 do is the price of meat would just go up 0:21:13.000 --> 0:21:14.720 and up and up. Yeah, it would just become more scarce. 0:21:14.760 --> 0:21:17.800 I guess ye until this is but as the price 0:21:17.800 --> 0:21:23.120 of meat rises, the economic sensibility of lab grown meat 0:21:23.440 --> 0:21:28.160 will become more viable. Yeah, you know true, because I mean, 0:21:28.280 --> 0:21:30.240 right now, one of the things is so cost prohibitive 0:21:30.240 --> 0:21:32.280 aside from the fact that it looks like calamari and 0:21:32.280 --> 0:21:35.119 it tastes plan Yeah, they said it potentially could be 0:21:35.160 --> 0:21:39.520 healthier to UM. Jason Matheny, director of New Harvest. It's 0:21:39.520 --> 0:21:43.680 a nonprofit research org, and they said that it would 0:21:43.680 --> 0:21:46.159 have health advantages like UM because it's easier to control 0:21:46.200 --> 0:21:50.400 pathogens and a lab and fat content could be systematically controlled, 0:21:50.760 --> 0:21:53.440 making it healthier. Like we're gonna put this layer of 0:21:53.440 --> 0:21:55.800 fat in with our three D printer because you need 0:21:55.800 --> 0:21:58.359 the fat. That's where the lot of flavor comes from. Definitely, 0:21:58.600 --> 0:22:00.600 you gotta have fat, and then you just got to 0:22:00.640 --> 0:22:04.240 convince people once it gets cheap enough and tasty enough. 0:22:04.359 --> 0:22:08.400 Like you said, the third hurdle is like eat fake 0:22:08.480 --> 0:22:11.480 meat people, right, you'll like it, trust me. I think 0:22:11.520 --> 0:22:14.719 the big lesson is to not call it something like 0:22:14.760 --> 0:22:20.639 soil and green modern meadows is perfect. Yeah. I wonder 0:22:20.680 --> 0:22:24.200 what posts the name of his group is. I didn't see, 0:22:24.280 --> 0:22:27.080 did you. I don't know. I would taste this just, 0:22:27.520 --> 0:22:29.760 you know, if they I wouldn't pay three dollars for 0:22:29.800 --> 0:22:32.320 a hamburger, but um, I would taste it just to 0:22:32.359 --> 0:22:35.919 see what it tasted like. But I don't know. It 0:22:35.920 --> 0:22:38.800 sounds kind of gross to me. I would. I would try, 0:22:39.000 --> 0:22:42.360 But a lot of people say that eating meat is gross. Year. 0:22:42.600 --> 0:22:45.080 So before you send in those emails, let me cut 0:22:45.080 --> 0:23:15.320 you off. I understand that. Good go and chuck uh. 0:23:15.359 --> 0:23:17.080 If you want to learn more about lab grown meat 0:23:17.160 --> 0:23:18.720 or any kind of things like that, you should check 0:23:18.720 --> 0:23:21.960 out the Innovations channel on how stuff Works. It's pretty awesome. 0:23:22.760 --> 0:23:26.280 Um go to how stuff Works homepage and you will 0:23:26.320 --> 0:23:31.399 see in them top navigation bar. Innovations is one of 0:23:31.440 --> 0:23:34.240 the channels that we have to click on that or 0:23:34.320 --> 0:23:35.960 you can just search for lab Grown meet in the 0:23:36.040 --> 0:23:38.520 handy search part how stuff works. And I said handy 0:23:38.520 --> 0:23:42.000 search part, which means it's time for listener mail, Josh 0:23:42.000 --> 0:23:45.600 when we call this mentor ship email. UM, Hi guys, 0:23:45.640 --> 0:23:47.720 my name is Colin and I've been listening to you 0:23:47.800 --> 0:23:51.240 guys since the biking episode. I've never really been diligent 0:23:51.280 --> 0:23:53.920 with emails, but I always wanted to write in. I'm 0:23:53.960 --> 0:23:55.600 in my senior year of high school and involved in 0:23:55.600 --> 0:23:59.159 a class called Independent Study Mentorship. This program works like 0:23:59.200 --> 0:24:02.200 an internship for high school students. We're responsible for finding 0:24:02.200 --> 0:24:05.719 a mentor in which ever career field we are interested in. 0:24:06.160 --> 0:24:08.720 We do hands on work with our mentors, and throughout 0:24:08.720 --> 0:24:10.760 the year we can pile a portfolio that will eventually 0:24:10.800 --> 0:24:15.120 be a binder filled not with women, but with everything 0:24:15.119 --> 0:24:18.199 we take part in and research throughout the year. It 0:24:18.200 --> 0:24:20.240 will end up about as thick as a good sized 0:24:20.280 --> 0:24:23.080 dictionary or two. My whole reason for writing you, guys 0:24:23.200 --> 0:24:25.439