1 00:00:01,080 --> 00:00:12,600 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you missed in History Class from dot com. Hello, 2 00:00:12,840 --> 00:00:16,319 Speaker 1: and welcome to the podcast. I'm Tracy be Wilson and 3 00:00:16,440 --> 00:00:18,960 Speaker 1: I'm Holly Fry. We're doing something just a little bit 4 00:00:18,960 --> 00:00:22,599 Speaker 1: different today, entirely new territory for us in terms of 5 00:00:22,600 --> 00:00:24,400 Speaker 1: the different thing that we're doing. So we know we 6 00:00:24,480 --> 00:00:27,080 Speaker 1: have really amazing listeners who have been with us basically 7 00:00:27,080 --> 00:00:29,320 Speaker 1: since day one, and they were listening to the show 8 00:00:29,320 --> 00:00:31,400 Speaker 1: when it was Candice and Josh and it was called 9 00:00:31,400 --> 00:00:34,120 Speaker 1: Factory Factor Fiction and the episodes were five minutes long, 10 00:00:34,479 --> 00:00:37,440 Speaker 1: and like those folks have stayed with us this entire time. 11 00:00:37,800 --> 00:00:39,640 Speaker 1: And then we know we also have other amazing people 12 00:00:39,640 --> 00:00:41,199 Speaker 1: who came in later and then went back to the 13 00:00:41,200 --> 00:00:44,360 Speaker 1: beginning and listened to every single episode, which I applaud you. 14 00:00:44,760 --> 00:00:46,680 Speaker 1: I've only ever managed to do that with Welcome to 15 00:00:46,760 --> 00:00:49,360 Speaker 1: night Vale, and that is way fewer episodes than ours. Right, 16 00:00:51,440 --> 00:00:54,160 Speaker 1: this is gonna be our seven hundred and eighty second episode, 17 00:00:54,520 --> 00:00:57,120 Speaker 1: although the math is a little fuzzy because some of 18 00:00:57,160 --> 00:00:58,480 Speaker 1: them are two parts and a few of them in 19 00:00:58,480 --> 00:01:01,600 Speaker 1: the archive our reruns. So anybody who has listened to 20 00:01:01,760 --> 00:01:05,399 Speaker 1: seven hundred and eighty two episodes of our show Uh, 21 00:01:05,520 --> 00:01:08,480 Speaker 1: shout out to you. That's incredible. But we also have 22 00:01:08,600 --> 00:01:11,640 Speaker 1: so many new people who are a lot newer to 23 00:01:11,720 --> 00:01:14,120 Speaker 1: the podcast and haven't been listening for nearly as long. 24 00:01:14,160 --> 00:01:17,680 Speaker 1: And we know this because number one, a lot more 25 00:01:17,720 --> 00:01:19,560 Speaker 1: people are listening to the show now than we're in 26 00:01:19,600 --> 00:01:21,680 Speaker 1: two thousand and eight, and number two, a lot of 27 00:01:21,720 --> 00:01:25,120 Speaker 1: the requests that we get for episodes for us to 28 00:01:25,120 --> 00:01:28,360 Speaker 1: talk about are actually things that past hosts have already done. 29 00:01:28,840 --> 00:01:31,240 Speaker 1: So in today's podcast, what we're gonna do is give 30 00:01:31,280 --> 00:01:33,800 Speaker 1: the highlights on some of these episodes that people really 31 00:01:33,840 --> 00:01:36,320 Speaker 1: ask for again and again and again. We will give 32 00:01:36,360 --> 00:01:38,639 Speaker 1: a brief hint of what each of them is about, 33 00:01:38,760 --> 00:01:40,679 Speaker 1: and then we are going to put links to all 34 00:01:40,720 --> 00:01:43,480 Speaker 1: of them on our blog. We're also planning to work 35 00:01:43,520 --> 00:01:45,760 Speaker 1: up a playlist from them that will be sharable. So 36 00:01:45,800 --> 00:01:47,960 Speaker 1: it's sort of like one of our Unearthed episodes that 37 00:01:48,000 --> 00:01:50,400 Speaker 1: we do every year, except instead of things that were 38 00:01:50,440 --> 00:01:54,160 Speaker 1: unearthed in other people's addicts there, things were unearthing out 39 00:01:54,160 --> 00:01:58,880 Speaker 1: of our own archive. Um, so all of these are 40 00:01:58,920 --> 00:02:01,160 Speaker 1: from previous hosts of the show. None of them are 41 00:02:01,200 --> 00:02:03,720 Speaker 1: things that Holly and I have worked on together. So 42 00:02:03,760 --> 00:02:05,720 Speaker 1: you'll get to hear some new voices if you go 43 00:02:05,880 --> 00:02:09,000 Speaker 1: listen to these from the archive. But we've also curated 44 00:02:09,000 --> 00:02:11,760 Speaker 1: the list so that it includes the episodes that are 45 00:02:11,840 --> 00:02:15,400 Speaker 1: most like what the show has involved evolved into in 46 00:02:15,520 --> 00:02:18,480 Speaker 1: terms of the length and the way it approaches subjects, 47 00:02:18,520 --> 00:02:22,680 Speaker 1: so probably will not seem completely jarring to hear a 48 00:02:22,800 --> 00:02:28,480 Speaker 1: similarly structured podcast, just with different hosts. Uh. A few 49 00:02:28,480 --> 00:02:30,720 Speaker 1: of them are a little shorter than our episodes are today, 50 00:02:30,760 --> 00:02:32,400 Speaker 1: but for the most part it's because they don't have 51 00:02:32,440 --> 00:02:35,160 Speaker 1: a listener mail at the end. So the first time 52 00:02:35,200 --> 00:02:37,880 Speaker 1: we're going to talk about is the Edmund Fitzgerald and 53 00:02:37,960 --> 00:02:41,880 Speaker 1: the episode that we're referencing is from April eleven, and 54 00:02:41,880 --> 00:02:45,160 Speaker 1: it was hosted by Sarah and Dablina. And that podcast 55 00:02:45,160 --> 00:02:47,760 Speaker 1: on the Edmund Fitzgerald is admittedly a little bit tricky 56 00:02:47,760 --> 00:02:50,000 Speaker 1: to find if you do not already know where it is, 57 00:02:50,040 --> 00:02:53,960 Speaker 1: because it is in a bigger episode called five Shipwreck Stories. 58 00:02:54,000 --> 00:02:56,680 Speaker 1: So if you just search by Edmund Fitzgerald, you may 59 00:02:56,720 --> 00:02:59,799 Speaker 1: have some trouble. Although I think Tracy may have retagged 60 00:02:59,800 --> 00:03:03,720 Speaker 1: it's it's easier to find that way. I tried to. Uh, yeah, 61 00:03:03,760 --> 00:03:05,960 Speaker 1: we're we've been going back and retagging Tracy has really 62 00:03:05,960 --> 00:03:09,040 Speaker 1: been a champion on that. But you know, seven eight 63 00:03:09,120 --> 00:03:13,639 Speaker 1: two episodes, there's a lot to go back and retag. 64 00:03:13,760 --> 00:03:17,040 Speaker 1: So this is the only roundup episode that we're also 65 00:03:17,080 --> 00:03:19,520 Speaker 1: including in this round up, so we don't wind up 66 00:03:19,520 --> 00:03:22,960 Speaker 1: in some sort of recursive podcast loop. It's some sort 67 00:03:23,000 --> 00:03:27,560 Speaker 1: of Edmund Fitzgerald inception. But but so many people have 68 00:03:27,600 --> 00:03:29,680 Speaker 1: asked about the Edmund Fitzgerald that we did not want 69 00:03:29,680 --> 00:03:33,600 Speaker 1: to leave this one out. So the many, many requests 70 00:03:33,600 --> 00:03:36,520 Speaker 1: for the Edmund Fitzgerald are actually not new at all. 71 00:03:36,600 --> 00:03:40,640 Speaker 1: When Sarah and Bblina asked for some shipwreck episode suggestions 72 00:03:41,080 --> 00:03:44,400 Speaker 1: at that time, the thinking of the Edmund Fitzgerald was 73 00:03:44,480 --> 00:03:47,240 Speaker 1: like far in a way the most requested one that 74 00:03:47,280 --> 00:03:51,880 Speaker 1: they got. It's because of that song. Yeah. They theorized 75 00:03:51,880 --> 00:03:54,520 Speaker 1: that maybe that's one of the reasons, and that so 76 00:03:54,560 --> 00:03:58,480 Speaker 1: in brief, the s S Edmund Fitzgerald, captained by Ernest M. 77 00:03:58,560 --> 00:04:03,080 Speaker 1: Mcsorrel sank Lake Superior on November tenth of nine with 78 00:04:03,160 --> 00:04:05,800 Speaker 1: the loss of all twenty nine on board. It was 79 00:04:05,840 --> 00:04:09,080 Speaker 1: accompanied on its journey across the lake by Arthur m Anderson, 80 00:04:09,480 --> 00:04:12,800 Speaker 1: captain by Bernie Cooper, and one of the eerious things 81 00:04:12,800 --> 00:04:15,360 Speaker 1: about this story was that the two captains were in 82 00:04:15,480 --> 00:04:18,120 Speaker 1: radio contact with each other for much of the voyage 83 00:04:18,680 --> 00:04:22,640 Speaker 1: before the Edmund Fitzgerald fell silent. And the exact cause 84 00:04:22,680 --> 00:04:25,279 Speaker 1: of that shipwreck is still a mystery, and that is 85 00:04:25,320 --> 00:04:27,719 Speaker 1: something that Sarah and Bablina discussed, so when you go 86 00:04:27,760 --> 00:04:30,320 Speaker 1: back to that episode, you will get more info on 87 00:04:30,360 --> 00:04:34,920 Speaker 1: that mysterious vanishing. Next up in our frequent Request is 88 00:04:35,040 --> 00:04:39,560 Speaker 1: Mary Secol which is from February, and that is when 89 00:04:39,640 --> 00:04:43,000 Speaker 1: Katie and Sarah are hosting the show together, and Katie 90 00:04:43,080 --> 00:04:46,000 Speaker 1: had a particular fondness for Mary Seacole because she was 91 00:04:46,040 --> 00:04:50,080 Speaker 1: a nurse and Katie's mother also is a nurse. Mary 92 00:04:50,120 --> 00:04:53,320 Speaker 1: Secal was born in Jamaica and developed nursing skills there 93 00:04:53,400 --> 00:04:57,359 Speaker 1: during a cholera epidemic. She then put those skills to 94 00:04:57,440 --> 00:05:02,120 Speaker 1: youth and other epidemics in Jamaica, California, and Panama before 95 00:05:02,200 --> 00:05:06,000 Speaker 1: going to put them into practice on the front lines 96 00:05:06,120 --> 00:05:10,279 Speaker 1: during the Crimean War, and Katie and Sarah talk about 97 00:05:10,279 --> 00:05:12,839 Speaker 1: the context for the Crimean War before getting into Mary 98 00:05:12,920 --> 00:05:15,560 Speaker 1: Secoel's time as a nurse there. She worked at a 99 00:05:15,600 --> 00:05:18,800 Speaker 1: hospital where she earned the nickname the Black Nightingale, and 100 00:05:18,839 --> 00:05:23,200 Speaker 1: she worked on the battlefields themselves. Mary Secul's work was 101 00:05:23,240 --> 00:05:25,880 Speaker 1: really really important and she was way ahead of her 102 00:05:25,920 --> 00:05:30,200 Speaker 1: time in terms of nursing and medicine. She also chronicled 103 00:05:30,240 --> 00:05:34,880 Speaker 1: her story and the delightfully titled autobiography The Wonderful Adventure 104 00:05:35,080 --> 00:05:40,000 Speaker 1: Adventures of Mrs Sea Cool in many Lands. UH. The 105 00:05:40,080 --> 00:05:43,320 Speaker 1: next one that's often requested is the Halifax explosion, and 106 00:05:43,360 --> 00:05:47,000 Speaker 1: this was covered on December nineteenth, even again by Sarah 107 00:05:47,000 --> 00:05:50,200 Speaker 1: and Dablina. And the short version is that on December 108 00:05:50,240 --> 00:05:53,840 Speaker 1: six of nineteen, two ships, the Imo and the mont 109 00:05:53,839 --> 00:05:57,479 Speaker 1: Blanc collided in Halifax Harbor, and the mont Blanc was 110 00:05:57,560 --> 00:06:02,080 Speaker 1: packed with truly staggering amounts of a explosives. When people 111 00:06:02,160 --> 00:06:05,000 Speaker 1: on shore and in the neighboring piers saw the mont 112 00:06:05,000 --> 00:06:08,000 Speaker 1: Block on fire and they did not realize how dangerous 113 00:06:08,040 --> 00:06:11,440 Speaker 1: its cargo was, this big crowd of spectators started to 114 00:06:11,440 --> 00:06:14,039 Speaker 1: gather and there were definitely also people who were helping. 115 00:06:14,600 --> 00:06:17,200 Speaker 1: There was also a lot of people who were just looking, 116 00:06:17,360 --> 00:06:20,080 Speaker 1: and that meant that when the mont Block exploded, more 117 00:06:20,120 --> 00:06:24,279 Speaker 1: than eighteen hundred people were killed and thousands more were injured, 118 00:06:24,640 --> 00:06:27,800 Speaker 1: many of them with eye injuries that resulted in blindness. 119 00:06:28,640 --> 00:06:31,680 Speaker 1: Sarah and Deblina talk in a lot more detail about 120 00:06:31,760 --> 00:06:35,200 Speaker 1: exactly what happened and the investigations into who was at fault, 121 00:06:35,440 --> 00:06:38,159 Speaker 1: as well as the aftermath of this whole massive incident. 122 00:06:38,920 --> 00:06:41,760 Speaker 1: We actually get two distinct categories of emails about the 123 00:06:41,760 --> 00:06:44,640 Speaker 1: Halifax explosion, and one of them is the request that 124 00:06:44,680 --> 00:06:47,080 Speaker 1: we do an episode on it. The other is a 125 00:06:47,160 --> 00:06:49,240 Speaker 1: note from people who have heard that episode and they've 126 00:06:49,240 --> 00:06:52,520 Speaker 1: written in to tell us that every year, Halifax sends 127 00:06:52,520 --> 00:06:56,440 Speaker 1: a Christmas tree to Boston as thanks for the city's 128 00:06:56,520 --> 00:07:00,760 Speaker 1: help after the disaster. We actually got one of these 129 00:07:01,240 --> 00:07:05,599 Speaker 1: literally last night. I wrote this episode outline yesterday. A 130 00:07:05,600 --> 00:07:07,720 Speaker 1: few hours later, we got another email asking us to 131 00:07:07,720 --> 00:07:10,920 Speaker 1: talk about the Christmas tree. And also, by total coincidence, 132 00:07:10,920 --> 00:07:13,280 Speaker 1: we're recording this on December the first, and this year, 133 00:07:13,280 --> 00:07:16,480 Speaker 1: the Christmas Tree is being lit on December three. Uh. 134 00:07:16,720 --> 00:07:18,120 Speaker 1: I don't know if I'll get over there to see 135 00:07:18,120 --> 00:07:20,120 Speaker 1: it in person, because I would need to leave work 136 00:07:20,200 --> 00:07:22,880 Speaker 1: early to do that, and I already left work early 137 00:07:22,920 --> 00:07:25,720 Speaker 1: once this week to go to a lecture about Harvard's 138 00:07:26,040 --> 00:07:30,160 Speaker 1: collection of medicine documents. UM, So I'll definitely try to 139 00:07:30,160 --> 00:07:32,000 Speaker 1: get over and see it on Boston common and take 140 00:07:32,040 --> 00:07:35,760 Speaker 1: some pictures to share with everybody, h regardless of where, 141 00:07:35,800 --> 00:07:37,400 Speaker 1: whether I make it over there for the tree lighting. 142 00:07:37,880 --> 00:07:40,400 Speaker 1: Before anybody writes to say a medicine podcast would be cool, 143 00:07:40,400 --> 00:07:42,280 Speaker 1: we have like seven of them. There are a whole lot. 144 00:07:42,600 --> 00:07:47,480 Speaker 1: There's like a series. It's awesome. Uh So the next 145 00:07:47,520 --> 00:07:52,280 Speaker 1: one that's off requested is uh chungy Sow And this 146 00:07:52,480 --> 00:07:57,240 Speaker 1: was recorded on March nine, also by Sarah Deblina. And 147 00:07:57,320 --> 00:07:59,880 Speaker 1: this podcast on Chungy Sow can be tricky to find 148 00:08:00,160 --> 00:08:03,280 Speaker 1: because before you even get into the multiple spellings that 149 00:08:03,320 --> 00:08:06,040 Speaker 1: are sometimes used for her name, she's referred to by 150 00:08:06,080 --> 00:08:10,600 Speaker 1: two different names. Yet depending on where you're reading this, 151 00:08:11,280 --> 00:08:14,480 Speaker 1: she is either referred to as Chung i Saw, which 152 00:08:14,520 --> 00:08:18,559 Speaker 1: means wife of Chung E, or Chung Shi, which means 153 00:08:18,960 --> 00:08:21,760 Speaker 1: Chung's widow. So she's a wife or a widow, depending 154 00:08:22,240 --> 00:08:24,280 Speaker 1: Most of the requests that we get to talk about 155 00:08:24,280 --> 00:08:28,720 Speaker 1: her asked us to discuss Chung Shi, perhaps because that's 156 00:08:28,760 --> 00:08:31,680 Speaker 1: the name that the Rejected Princesses used when they did 157 00:08:31,720 --> 00:08:34,240 Speaker 1: a post about her, But in the podcast, Sarah and 158 00:08:34,280 --> 00:08:38,160 Speaker 1: Deblina used the name Chungy Sao. They also actually titled 159 00:08:38,160 --> 00:08:40,800 Speaker 1: the podcast Don't Cross the Dragon Lady because that was 160 00:08:40,840 --> 00:08:43,960 Speaker 1: her nickname. Yeah, But so that's one where I went 161 00:08:44,080 --> 00:08:46,480 Speaker 1: in on our website and put her actual name in 162 00:08:46,520 --> 00:08:49,199 Speaker 1: the title so that people can find on our website 163 00:08:49,200 --> 00:08:53,079 Speaker 1: more easily. So Chineseau was a pirate, and contrary to 164 00:08:53,120 --> 00:08:55,360 Speaker 1: the stereotypes that most of us think about when it 165 00:08:55,360 --> 00:08:58,040 Speaker 1: comes to pirates, she was a woman, She was from China, 166 00:08:58,120 --> 00:09:01,360 Speaker 1: and she was not remotely a loner. She commanded what 167 00:09:01,480 --> 00:09:05,400 Speaker 1: was basically a pirate empire. She did become a pirate 168 00:09:05,440 --> 00:09:08,000 Speaker 1: by marrying into a pirate family, so that was the 169 00:09:08,200 --> 00:09:13,920 Speaker 1: chungy that people name her in reference to, but she 170 00:09:14,080 --> 00:09:16,280 Speaker 1: used some real business savvy to take it to a 171 00:09:16,320 --> 00:09:20,520 Speaker 1: whole other level and her pirate confederation, Like when we 172 00:09:20,600 --> 00:09:23,000 Speaker 1: say a whole other level, it is no joke. She 173 00:09:23,040 --> 00:09:27,040 Speaker 1: had six fleets of ships fleets, not a fleet of ships, 174 00:09:27,160 --> 00:09:30,760 Speaker 1: six ships, but six full fleets, four hundred junks, and 175 00:09:30,760 --> 00:09:35,600 Speaker 1: a staff of seventy pirates. So she was really rather amazing. 176 00:09:35,679 --> 00:09:39,480 Speaker 1: Also a very complex character in history. Yeah, And also 177 00:09:39,600 --> 00:09:42,320 Speaker 1: in the pretty amazing and kind of a complex story 178 00:09:42,480 --> 00:09:45,400 Speaker 1: is Pope Joan, which is under the title, was there 179 00:09:45,400 --> 00:09:48,880 Speaker 1: a female pope and that came along on September six 180 00:09:50,160 --> 00:09:54,160 Speaker 1: and was hosted by Katie and Sarah. So Katie and 181 00:09:54,200 --> 00:09:57,360 Speaker 1: Sarah talk about whether Pope Joan was a real person 182 00:09:57,600 --> 00:10:00,920 Speaker 1: or not. The story was that Joan was in love 183 00:10:00,960 --> 00:10:03,960 Speaker 1: with a scholar and followed him to Athens, and since 184 00:10:04,000 --> 00:10:07,480 Speaker 1: a woman couldn't join the Benedictine monastery where he was studying, 185 00:10:07,920 --> 00:10:11,760 Speaker 1: she disguised herself as a man and joined the monastery anyway. 186 00:10:12,000 --> 00:10:15,680 Speaker 1: She purportedly rose up through the ranks and then served 187 00:10:15,679 --> 00:10:18,680 Speaker 1: as pope for two years before her gender came to 188 00:10:18,800 --> 00:10:22,560 Speaker 1: light after she gave birth while riding a horse in 189 00:10:22,600 --> 00:10:28,240 Speaker 1: a procession. I hate when that happens. It's just such 190 00:10:28,320 --> 00:10:31,880 Speaker 1: an absurd assortment of details, all kind of clambered into 191 00:10:31,960 --> 00:10:35,839 Speaker 1: one that. Ah, that sounds just crazy. Uh. There is 192 00:10:35,880 --> 00:10:38,920 Speaker 1: a lot about this story that's possibly apocryphal, and Katie 193 00:10:38,920 --> 00:10:40,960 Speaker 1: and Sarah get into whether it was real or not, 194 00:10:41,600 --> 00:10:43,480 Speaker 1: and they also get into the history of when people 195 00:10:43,520 --> 00:10:46,520 Speaker 1: have believed it and when they haven't and why that 196 00:10:46,600 --> 00:10:49,319 Speaker 1: has been the case at various points in history. So again, 197 00:10:49,360 --> 00:10:51,319 Speaker 1: it's another one that's quite complex. There are a lot 198 00:10:51,320 --> 00:10:55,120 Speaker 1: of layers and still some question marks around the whole thing. Uh. 199 00:10:55,160 --> 00:11:00,160 Speaker 1: So they covered that Whole Banana's episode. We're going to 200 00:11:00,240 --> 00:11:02,360 Speaker 1: talk about another chunk of episodes after we have a 201 00:11:02,400 --> 00:11:05,400 Speaker 1: brief word from one of our sponsors to get back 202 00:11:05,440 --> 00:11:09,440 Speaker 1: to our most frequently requested archival episodes. Uh. Next up, 203 00:11:09,480 --> 00:11:12,960 Speaker 1: we have Emperor Norton and that is from May one 204 00:11:13,720 --> 00:11:17,720 Speaker 1: from Katie and Sarah. So I reread the entirety of 205 00:11:17,760 --> 00:11:20,400 Speaker 1: Neil Game and Sandman over the holiday as a couple 206 00:11:20,400 --> 00:11:22,400 Speaker 1: of years ago, and as I did that, I jotted 207 00:11:22,440 --> 00:11:25,800 Speaker 1: down some of the weird and interesting historical characters that 208 00:11:25,840 --> 00:11:30,360 Speaker 1: make kind of cameos in that comics series. One of 209 00:11:30,360 --> 00:11:32,840 Speaker 1: the ones I got really excited about was Emperor Norton. 210 00:11:33,000 --> 00:11:35,040 Speaker 1: And then I got back to the office after the 211 00:11:35,080 --> 00:11:37,600 Speaker 1: holiday was over and actually started putting together a list 212 00:11:37,640 --> 00:11:40,520 Speaker 1: of episodes that I had thought of. Uh, and I 213 00:11:40,600 --> 00:11:44,439 Speaker 1: learned there was a podcast on him already. Joshua Norton 214 00:11:44,520 --> 00:11:46,800 Speaker 1: had in fact been a pretty successful merchant in San 215 00:11:46,840 --> 00:11:49,920 Speaker 1: Francisco during the Gold Rush. He made quite the fortune 216 00:11:49,960 --> 00:11:52,440 Speaker 1: for himself, but he saw most of it vanish in 217 00:11:52,559 --> 00:11:56,080 Speaker 1: one bad business decision. He disappeared from the scene for 218 00:11:56,120 --> 00:11:58,120 Speaker 1: a couple of years, and then when he came back 219 00:11:58,120 --> 00:12:01,880 Speaker 1: to San Francisco on September seven, teeth of eighteen fifty nine. 220 00:12:02,160 --> 00:12:04,840 Speaker 1: He did so dressed as Napoleon, and he claimed that 221 00:12:04,920 --> 00:12:07,480 Speaker 1: he was the Emperor of the United States and the 222 00:12:07,480 --> 00:12:13,040 Speaker 1: protector of Mexico. He held this self proclaimed emperor post 223 00:12:13,520 --> 00:12:17,840 Speaker 1: for twenty years. I'm imagining no one was paying him 224 00:12:17,880 --> 00:12:21,480 Speaker 1: for this ship, I mean, not officially, but he did 225 00:12:21,559 --> 00:12:24,120 Speaker 1: get a lot of his living expenses came from sort 226 00:12:24,120 --> 00:12:28,439 Speaker 1: of fans of his he developed. He became a very 227 00:12:28,520 --> 00:12:31,760 Speaker 1: locally known character and people people gave him money and 228 00:12:31,800 --> 00:12:34,640 Speaker 1: helped him out. And he was not actually homeless. He 229 00:12:34,679 --> 00:12:36,960 Speaker 1: was living in a boarding house and it became clear 230 00:12:37,000 --> 00:12:39,480 Speaker 1: after his death that that was where he had been 231 00:12:39,520 --> 00:12:42,680 Speaker 1: living and UH and overseeing his empire. It was full 232 00:12:42,720 --> 00:12:45,320 Speaker 1: of all sorts of documents related to the running of 233 00:12:45,400 --> 00:12:51,400 Speaker 1: his empire of the United States. UH. The next one 234 00:12:51,600 --> 00:12:55,040 Speaker 1: that gets requested frequently is Cynthia Anne and Quana Parker. 235 00:12:55,559 --> 00:12:58,719 Speaker 1: In that episode, there are two episodes. One is novembery 236 00:12:59,000 --> 00:13:00,880 Speaker 1: and one is December five. Those are both of two 237 00:13:00,960 --> 00:13:04,040 Speaker 1: thousand and twelve UH, and those are Sarah and Debilina 238 00:13:04,080 --> 00:13:06,880 Speaker 1: episodes of some of their later episodes. A lot of 239 00:13:06,880 --> 00:13:08,800 Speaker 1: folks right in and asked us to do a podcast 240 00:13:08,840 --> 00:13:11,640 Speaker 1: on the two of them, but Sarah and Deblina actually 241 00:13:11,640 --> 00:13:15,679 Speaker 1: did too, or two podcasts, one on each. We actually 242 00:13:15,679 --> 00:13:18,480 Speaker 1: had our biggest spike in requests for this one after 243 00:13:18,559 --> 00:13:22,600 Speaker 1: our episode on Olive Oatman, because, like Olive, Cynthia Anne 244 00:13:22,600 --> 00:13:25,760 Speaker 1: was captured in her case by members of the Commanche 245 00:13:25,840 --> 00:13:30,040 Speaker 1: tribe and wound up living among the tribe. Cynthia Anne 246 00:13:30,080 --> 00:13:32,280 Speaker 1: was kidnapped when the four where her family had been 247 00:13:32,320 --> 00:13:35,640 Speaker 1: living was rated. Some of her family was killed and 248 00:13:35,720 --> 00:13:38,319 Speaker 1: Cynthia Anne was taken captive. She was only nine at 249 00:13:38,320 --> 00:13:41,080 Speaker 1: this time, and Cynthia Anne was the only one of 250 00:13:41,080 --> 00:13:45,240 Speaker 1: her family who survived and was not ransomed back. Her story, 251 00:13:45,360 --> 00:13:47,960 Speaker 1: not Olives, is actually more likely to have been the 252 00:13:47,960 --> 00:13:50,199 Speaker 1: basis for the movie The Searchers. We had a few 253 00:13:50,280 --> 00:13:53,880 Speaker 1: questions about that once we did the Olive Oatmen episode. Yeah, Cynthia. 254 00:13:53,920 --> 00:13:57,800 Speaker 1: Cynthia Anne actually eventually married her abductor. She had three 255 00:13:57,840 --> 00:14:00,800 Speaker 1: children with him, and the eldest, Quanta, wound up being 256 00:14:00,920 --> 00:14:05,480 Speaker 1: the Comanches last war chief. It's a long and often 257 00:14:05,520 --> 00:14:08,000 Speaker 1: a very sad story, and this two part series is 258 00:14:08,040 --> 00:14:09,880 Speaker 1: also a way of looking at the war that grew 259 00:14:09,880 --> 00:14:13,360 Speaker 1: out of the United States Western expansion into the Great Plains. 260 00:14:14,160 --> 00:14:16,480 Speaker 1: Next on our list is another thing about war, and 261 00:14:16,520 --> 00:14:19,160 Speaker 1: that is the New York Draft Riots that came out 262 00:14:19,200 --> 00:14:22,520 Speaker 1: on April eleventh of eleven. It was another Sarah and 263 00:14:22,600 --> 00:14:27,200 Speaker 1: Deblina venture, and most of our requests for it mentioned 264 00:14:27,200 --> 00:14:30,240 Speaker 1: the two thousand to Martin Scorsese movie Gangs of New York. 265 00:14:30,480 --> 00:14:32,560 Speaker 1: So whenever we get a pile of them in a row, 266 00:14:32,800 --> 00:14:36,560 Speaker 1: I wonder if that was just replayed on TV, or 267 00:14:36,560 --> 00:14:38,840 Speaker 1: maybe it's on Netflix right now or something. Because they 268 00:14:38,920 --> 00:14:42,040 Speaker 1: tend to come in and chunks. They did a clump together. 269 00:14:42,640 --> 00:14:45,760 Speaker 1: So during the Civil War, the Federal Congress passed the 270 00:14:45,880 --> 00:14:49,440 Speaker 1: Union Conscription Act of eighteen sixty three, which set up 271 00:14:49,440 --> 00:14:52,680 Speaker 1: a draft. Basically, able bodied men between the ages of 272 00:14:52,680 --> 00:14:56,160 Speaker 1: twenty and forty five were required to register unless they 273 00:14:56,200 --> 00:14:59,240 Speaker 1: could pay a fee or have a substitute take their place, 274 00:14:59,760 --> 00:15:03,960 Speaker 1: and lottery would determine who would actually serve. An attempts 275 00:15:03,960 --> 00:15:07,520 Speaker 1: to enforce this draft on July thirteenth of eighteen sixty 276 00:15:07,520 --> 00:15:10,640 Speaker 1: three led to a riot, and that riot included rating 277 00:15:10,720 --> 00:15:14,880 Speaker 1: and torching government building. About three people were killed, and 278 00:15:14,960 --> 00:15:18,840 Speaker 1: a huge portion of those killed where police officers and soldiers. 279 00:15:20,200 --> 00:15:23,000 Speaker 1: One of the many things that Sarah and Dublina talked 280 00:15:23,000 --> 00:15:26,200 Speaker 1: about in this podcast is all of the social factors 281 00:15:26,240 --> 00:15:29,360 Speaker 1: that led to this riot, including the influx of both 282 00:15:29,400 --> 00:15:32,160 Speaker 1: Irish immigrants following the Great Famine in the late eighteen 283 00:15:32,200 --> 00:15:35,840 Speaker 1: forties and the influx of recently freed slaves, many of 284 00:15:35,880 --> 00:15:39,200 Speaker 1: them competing for the same low wage jobs. It's a 285 00:15:39,200 --> 00:15:41,720 Speaker 1: podcast that ties a lot of the themes that we've 286 00:15:41,760 --> 00:15:45,480 Speaker 1: talked about in more recent podcasts as well altogether, including 287 00:15:45,520 --> 00:15:48,040 Speaker 1: the Harlem hell Fighters and the two parter on the 288 00:15:48,040 --> 00:15:54,160 Speaker 1: Irish Potato famine itself. UH, coming interestingly from from this 289 00:15:54,240 --> 00:15:57,440 Speaker 1: particular episode when they When they began that episode, they 290 00:15:57,440 --> 00:16:00,120 Speaker 1: talked about how they were looking for creative way to 291 00:16:00,200 --> 00:16:02,120 Speaker 1: talk about the Civil War because they didn't just want 292 00:16:02,160 --> 00:16:05,960 Speaker 1: to do a multipart podcast on the Civil War itself. UH. 293 00:16:06,000 --> 00:16:08,800 Speaker 1: Their next the next topic on our list actually came 294 00:16:08,920 --> 00:16:13,080 Speaker 1: from listeners responses to that request. It is on Alan 295 00:16:13,160 --> 00:16:17,240 Speaker 1: Pinkerton from June twenty seven eleven and also obviously by 296 00:16:17,240 --> 00:16:20,640 Speaker 1: Sarah and Bablina. So they had asked for some Civil 297 00:16:20,680 --> 00:16:23,120 Speaker 1: War topics and wound up putting together a series on 298 00:16:23,280 --> 00:16:27,400 Speaker 1: Civil War spycraft, and one of them is the very 299 00:16:27,440 --> 00:16:31,359 Speaker 1: frequently requested by Alan Pinkerton, whose name is so ubiquitous 300 00:16:31,400 --> 00:16:35,040 Speaker 1: that he almost needs no introduction. He and the Pinkerton's, 301 00:16:35,160 --> 00:16:40,120 Speaker 1: which were his detective agency, became both famous and notorious 302 00:16:40,120 --> 00:16:43,600 Speaker 1: in various parts of American history during and after the 303 00:16:43,640 --> 00:16:47,120 Speaker 1: Civil War, and while the episode mostly sticks to his 304 00:16:47,200 --> 00:16:49,600 Speaker 1: Civil War work, it also talks about his founding of 305 00:16:49,600 --> 00:16:53,120 Speaker 1: the first national detective agency, this group called the Pinkerton's, 306 00:16:53,240 --> 00:16:57,000 Speaker 1: and his basically creating the job of private investigator, which 307 00:16:57,000 --> 00:17:00,840 Speaker 1: had not existed before that time. We have a kind 308 00:17:00,880 --> 00:17:03,000 Speaker 1: of fun one the next on the list, and that 309 00:17:03,120 --> 00:17:05,480 Speaker 1: is the Bone Wars, which is another one that Sarah 310 00:17:05,480 --> 00:17:08,000 Speaker 1: and Bablina covered in two parts that came on on 311 00:17:08,080 --> 00:17:13,919 Speaker 1: Decever thirty first and January nine, and our biggest spike 312 00:17:14,000 --> 00:17:17,200 Speaker 1: in requests for an episode about this one definitely came 313 00:17:17,240 --> 00:17:20,639 Speaker 1: in April of this year when Emmanuel Shop who was 314 00:17:20,680 --> 00:17:24,960 Speaker 1: a vertebrate paleontologist at the New University of Lisbon and Portugal, 315 00:17:25,440 --> 00:17:32,280 Speaker 1: suggested reversing the previous reversal and paleontological thought about whether 316 00:17:32,320 --> 00:17:36,000 Speaker 1: the Brontosaurus and the Apatosaurus are two different dinosaurs. That 317 00:17:36,119 --> 00:17:38,760 Speaker 1: question was one of the many oddities of the scientific 318 00:17:38,840 --> 00:17:41,320 Speaker 1: feud that has come to be known as the Bone Wars. 319 00:17:41,640 --> 00:17:45,200 Speaker 1: This was an intense rivalry between Edward Drinker Cope and 320 00:17:45,280 --> 00:17:48,840 Speaker 1: Offnel Charles Marsh, and the two men had been friends, 321 00:17:49,119 --> 00:17:52,200 Speaker 1: but their competition with one another eventually caused a bitter 322 00:17:52,280 --> 00:17:56,080 Speaker 1: divide between them. Their race to be the best paleontologist 323 00:17:56,640 --> 00:17:59,600 Speaker 1: did in fact advance the field dramatically by finding in 324 00:17:59,720 --> 00:18:04,359 Speaker 1: catach rizing many many fossil specimens, but unfortunately their feud 325 00:18:04,400 --> 00:18:07,240 Speaker 1: was so bitter and underhanded that it also actually stood 326 00:18:07,240 --> 00:18:10,240 Speaker 1: in the way of progress. The whole Brontosaurus and a 327 00:18:10,320 --> 00:18:15,000 Speaker 1: Patosaurus question came into the picture because Marsh found an incomplete, 328 00:18:15,000 --> 00:18:18,000 Speaker 1: possible fossil skeleton that he named a Patosaurus, and then 329 00:18:18,040 --> 00:18:21,280 Speaker 1: two years later he found a different, more complete skeleton 330 00:18:21,760 --> 00:18:26,800 Speaker 1: that he named the Brontosaurus, and they were actually Obviously, 331 00:18:27,320 --> 00:18:30,400 Speaker 1: the decision goes back and forth about whether they were 332 00:18:30,440 --> 00:18:35,119 Speaker 1: the same species or different species, but most people credit 333 00:18:35,160 --> 00:18:37,520 Speaker 1: the fact that he named it something else with the 334 00:18:37,560 --> 00:18:40,320 Speaker 1: fact that he was trying to discover more dinosaurs than 335 00:18:40,400 --> 00:18:43,800 Speaker 1: cop did. And another great thing about this particular two 336 00:18:43,840 --> 00:18:46,080 Speaker 1: parter or is that it it makes callouts to the 337 00:18:46,119 --> 00:18:50,000 Speaker 1: other scientific rivalries that Sarah and Deblina covered, including the 338 00:18:50,080 --> 00:18:54,199 Speaker 1: gas Wars and Tesla versus Edison. Up next, we have 339 00:18:54,320 --> 00:18:58,120 Speaker 1: the Boston molasses flood that is from October fifth, two 340 00:18:58,119 --> 00:19:00,960 Speaker 1: thousand and nine, which is a Katie and Sarah episode, 341 00:19:01,000 --> 00:19:03,240 Speaker 1: and we actually don't get quite as many requests for 342 00:19:03,400 --> 00:19:06,159 Speaker 1: as we used to, in part because we mentioned it 343 00:19:06,200 --> 00:19:09,400 Speaker 1: in our first Six Impossible Episodes podcasts that came out 344 00:19:09,400 --> 00:19:13,280 Speaker 1: in February of this year, and in that particular episode 345 00:19:13,320 --> 00:19:16,120 Speaker 1: we talked about the London beer flood and why there's 346 00:19:16,160 --> 00:19:18,679 Speaker 1: not quite enough information on it to flesh out a 347 00:19:18,720 --> 00:19:23,159 Speaker 1: full episode, especially since the moston molasses flood is already 348 00:19:23,160 --> 00:19:26,679 Speaker 1: in the archive and they're extremely similar stories. In the 349 00:19:26,760 --> 00:19:30,320 Speaker 1: nineteen teens, molasses was in fact big business in Boston 350 00:19:30,480 --> 00:19:33,840 Speaker 1: thanks to its use in distilling and making munitions, and 351 00:19:33,880 --> 00:19:37,159 Speaker 1: on January fifteenth of nineteen nineteen, a tank that was 352 00:19:37,200 --> 00:19:41,560 Speaker 1: holding two point three million gallons of it burst. Twenty 353 00:19:41,560 --> 00:19:45,080 Speaker 1: one people died, one and fifty more were injured, and 354 00:19:45,200 --> 00:19:48,840 Speaker 1: property damage from this huge wave of molasses, which crested 355 00:19:48,840 --> 00:19:52,679 Speaker 1: at twenty five ft tall, was enormous. One of the 356 00:19:52,720 --> 00:19:54,919 Speaker 1: things that really cracks me up about this episode is 357 00:19:54,960 --> 00:19:56,760 Speaker 1: that they're talking about what the weather was like in 358 00:19:56,840 --> 00:20:00,280 Speaker 1: Boston at this point, and they referenced superstorms that dropped 359 00:20:00,480 --> 00:20:04,400 Speaker 1: twenty inches of snow on Boston. I hate it when 360 00:20:04,400 --> 00:20:07,000 Speaker 1: you mentioned bad weather and then somebody comes along and 361 00:20:07,040 --> 00:20:08,880 Speaker 1: tells you that the weather is a lot worse where 362 00:20:08,880 --> 00:20:13,600 Speaker 1: they live. But having been in Boston during last year's 363 00:20:13,680 --> 00:20:18,159 Speaker 1: record breaking uh snow season that had a hundred and 364 00:20:18,240 --> 00:20:21,199 Speaker 1: ten inches of snow or something, um, the idea that 365 00:20:21,280 --> 00:20:25,440 Speaker 1: twenty was a superstorm made me giggle a little when 366 00:20:25,480 --> 00:20:28,160 Speaker 1: I heard it on this show. It might have been 367 00:20:28,200 --> 00:20:30,760 Speaker 1: if those twenty inches fell in like an hour, that 368 00:20:30,760 --> 00:20:34,000 Speaker 1: would be a superstorm, But twenty inches by themselves is 369 00:20:34,040 --> 00:20:37,520 Speaker 1: not necessarily super in New England. And with that, we 370 00:20:37,560 --> 00:20:39,560 Speaker 1: are going to pause for just one more moments so 371 00:20:39,600 --> 00:20:41,000 Speaker 1: we can have a word from one of the great 372 00:20:41,000 --> 00:20:46,119 Speaker 1: sponsors that keeps his show going. So another podcast topic 373 00:20:46,160 --> 00:20:49,560 Speaker 1: that is often requested is Oak Island, and this one 374 00:20:49,600 --> 00:20:53,679 Speaker 1: was recorded in April of it's April to be exact 375 00:20:53,760 --> 00:20:55,919 Speaker 1: that it was published h and it is a Katie 376 00:20:55,920 --> 00:21:00,359 Speaker 1: and Sarah episode. So their story about whether there is 377 00:21:00,400 --> 00:21:03,440 Speaker 1: an Oak Island money pit isn't just about that question 378 00:21:03,680 --> 00:21:05,560 Speaker 1: that the name of the episode is actually is there 379 00:21:05,560 --> 00:21:07,959 Speaker 1: a money pit on Oak Island? And it's so it's 380 00:21:08,000 --> 00:21:10,359 Speaker 1: not just about yes or no there is or is 381 00:21:10,480 --> 00:21:12,879 Speaker 1: not a money pit on Oak Island. It looks at 382 00:21:12,920 --> 00:21:15,800 Speaker 1: the whole story of where this idea that maybe there's 383 00:21:15,840 --> 00:21:17,840 Speaker 1: a pit full of money out there, where that idea 384 00:21:17,920 --> 00:21:20,679 Speaker 1: came from, and the series of attempts that people have 385 00:21:20,800 --> 00:21:23,280 Speaker 1: made to try to get to what may or may 386 00:21:23,320 --> 00:21:26,320 Speaker 1: not be buried treasure. And at times they tell the 387 00:21:26,359 --> 00:21:28,639 Speaker 1: story with a lot of chagrin because it seems like 388 00:21:28,720 --> 00:21:31,000 Speaker 1: people were about to answer that question and then they 389 00:21:31,040 --> 00:21:33,840 Speaker 1: went home for the night and everything was ruined when 390 00:21:33,840 --> 00:21:36,480 Speaker 1: they got back in the morning. That is a it's 391 00:21:36,520 --> 00:21:38,600 Speaker 1: a it's a thing that happens in this search for 392 00:21:38,680 --> 00:21:42,920 Speaker 1: money pit. Yeah, and uh, in case you want even 393 00:21:42,960 --> 00:21:45,199 Speaker 1: more on it, Stuff you Should Know also covered this 394 00:21:45,240 --> 00:21:47,600 Speaker 1: one as well, and although there's as much more recent 395 00:21:47,680 --> 00:21:51,680 Speaker 1: from February. And it's kind of funny how that goes. 396 00:21:51,720 --> 00:21:55,000 Speaker 1: Sometimes like a podcast episode that one podcast does will 397 00:21:55,040 --> 00:21:58,160 Speaker 1: inspire a house Stuff Works article, which in turn inspires 398 00:21:58,160 --> 00:22:00,840 Speaker 1: the Stuff you Should Know episode, or sometimes that chain 399 00:22:00,880 --> 00:22:04,320 Speaker 1: goes in a different order. But it's a funny interconnected thing, 400 00:22:04,520 --> 00:22:08,560 Speaker 1: it is. And sometimes we've accidentally done episodes on similar 401 00:22:08,600 --> 00:22:11,800 Speaker 1: topics very close together without any of us actually knowing it, 402 00:22:11,800 --> 00:22:15,639 Speaker 1: because we don't usually consult with other podcasts on what 403 00:22:15,680 --> 00:22:18,359 Speaker 1: they're doing. We sometimes do, but not as a matter 404 00:22:18,400 --> 00:22:21,800 Speaker 1: of course, And so it is funny how sometimes something 405 00:22:21,800 --> 00:22:25,760 Speaker 1: will happen. And yeah, there's definitely there's definitely some overlap 406 00:22:25,840 --> 00:22:28,040 Speaker 1: in the in the listeners of all the various podcasts 407 00:22:28,119 --> 00:22:31,399 Speaker 1: How Stuff Works has, but uh, folks that listen to 408 00:22:31,440 --> 00:22:34,120 Speaker 1: the stuff you should Know don't necessarily listen to ours 409 00:22:34,119 --> 00:22:38,120 Speaker 1: on a regular basis or vice versa. Um. It's also 410 00:22:38,200 --> 00:22:39,960 Speaker 1: kind of funny to me how at this point in 411 00:22:40,000 --> 00:22:42,399 Speaker 1: the whole Oak Island money Pit story, if there is 412 00:22:42,440 --> 00:22:45,240 Speaker 1: actually a pit full of money, there has probably been 413 00:22:45,280 --> 00:22:47,720 Speaker 1: more money spent trying to get to it than the 414 00:22:47,760 --> 00:22:51,119 Speaker 1: pit would actually contain at this point. Yeah, I feel 415 00:22:51,160 --> 00:22:53,720 Speaker 1: like the Oak Island story is the money pit at 416 00:22:53,720 --> 00:22:57,639 Speaker 1: this point. I think they make that joke in the episode, 417 00:22:59,440 --> 00:23:03,800 Speaker 1: like it's just it's its own whole money pits yep yep. 418 00:23:04,920 --> 00:23:10,439 Speaker 1: On a similarly wet but much sadder track is the 419 00:23:10,600 --> 00:23:13,600 Speaker 1: Johnstown Flood. We've gotten lots and lots of requests for 420 00:23:13,640 --> 00:23:16,680 Speaker 1: this one, and it came out on a December time 421 00:23:17,480 --> 00:23:20,879 Speaker 1: another Katie and Sarah. Uh, or no, it's another Sarah 422 00:23:20,920 --> 00:23:25,000 Speaker 1: and Deblina. I'm getting the past hosts confused. Uh, it's 423 00:23:25,000 --> 00:23:28,760 Speaker 1: another Sarah and Deblina podcast. And the South Fork damn 424 00:23:29,119 --> 00:23:33,959 Speaker 1: burst on eighty nine and it sent twenty million tons 425 00:23:34,040 --> 00:23:39,919 Speaker 1: of water through Johnstown, Pennsylvania, killing two thousand two nine people, 426 00:23:40,320 --> 00:23:42,480 Speaker 1: which I think makes it makes sense why so many 427 00:23:42,480 --> 00:23:44,840 Speaker 1: people ask us for it, because we get a lot 428 00:23:44,920 --> 00:23:48,520 Speaker 1: of requests for really sad stuff we do, and it's 429 00:23:48,560 --> 00:23:50,840 Speaker 1: one of those things where the numbers are so staggering 430 00:23:50,880 --> 00:23:53,199 Speaker 1: and it's such an extreme and dramatic event that I 431 00:23:53,200 --> 00:23:55,119 Speaker 1: think that's part of the appeal of people wanting to 432 00:23:55,160 --> 00:23:58,000 Speaker 1: hear more about it. And one of the more surprising 433 00:23:58,080 --> 00:24:00,640 Speaker 1: parts of this episode, if you're not already be familiar 434 00:24:00,680 --> 00:24:03,280 Speaker 1: with the story, comes right at the beginning, and that's 435 00:24:03,320 --> 00:24:06,920 Speaker 1: that Johnstown was so prone to flooding that people basically 436 00:24:06,960 --> 00:24:09,720 Speaker 1: had a routine to deal with it, like they would 437 00:24:09,800 --> 00:24:12,520 Speaker 1: do things like move their belongings upstairs when a flood 438 00:24:12,560 --> 00:24:15,439 Speaker 1: was coming to try to protect those possessions. But this 439 00:24:15,520 --> 00:24:18,600 Speaker 1: particular incident was far, far too big to be managed 440 00:24:18,640 --> 00:24:21,800 Speaker 1: that way. It's like an hour for the water to 441 00:24:21,880 --> 00:24:23,680 Speaker 1: get to the town when a dam burst, but by 442 00:24:23,680 --> 00:24:25,400 Speaker 1: the time it got there it was said to be 443 00:24:25,920 --> 00:24:29,040 Speaker 1: moving with the force of Niagara Falls, and so in 444 00:24:29,080 --> 00:24:31,840 Speaker 1: addition to the thousands of people who were killed, the 445 00:24:31,960 --> 00:24:38,080 Speaker 1: property damage was just enormous. And next up is Nellie 446 00:24:38,080 --> 00:24:41,240 Speaker 1: Bligh and she is often requested, but there is an 447 00:24:41,280 --> 00:24:45,960 Speaker 1: episode about her and it first aired on March was 448 00:24:45,960 --> 00:24:49,080 Speaker 1: an episode done by Katie and Sarah and their episode 449 00:24:49,080 --> 00:24:52,119 Speaker 1: on Nellie Bligh walks through her career as a journalist 450 00:24:52,640 --> 00:24:54,600 Speaker 1: from the early days when she was only making five 451 00:24:54,640 --> 00:24:57,280 Speaker 1: dollars a week to the pinnacle when she was earning 452 00:24:57,280 --> 00:24:59,720 Speaker 1: twenty five thousand dollars a year, and that is in 453 00:25:00,320 --> 00:25:03,919 Speaker 1: late nineteenth century dollars a year, so that was a 454 00:25:03,920 --> 00:25:07,480 Speaker 1: pretty significant income. One of the reasons why her story 455 00:25:07,560 --> 00:25:10,840 Speaker 1: is so fascinating and so often requested is that the 456 00:25:10,960 --> 00:25:14,200 Speaker 1: steps she took as a journalist were often extremely dramatic. 457 00:25:14,320 --> 00:25:16,879 Speaker 1: She did things like feigning a mental illness to get 458 00:25:17,480 --> 00:25:20,320 Speaker 1: access to a mental institution and then do an expose 459 00:25:20,560 --> 00:25:23,080 Speaker 1: on it. She made a record breaking trip around the 460 00:25:23,119 --> 00:25:27,199 Speaker 1: world um so and apart from the innate uh excitement 461 00:25:27,240 --> 00:25:28,960 Speaker 1: and a lot of these assignments that she had, she 462 00:25:29,080 --> 00:25:32,080 Speaker 1: was also these were also definitely not the sorts of 463 00:25:32,080 --> 00:25:35,960 Speaker 1: writing tasks that were assigned to women at this time. 464 00:25:37,440 --> 00:25:39,840 Speaker 1: And it's really clear if you listen to Katie and 465 00:25:39,880 --> 00:25:42,840 Speaker 1: Sarah's episode that they absolutely love her and we do too. 466 00:25:42,920 --> 00:25:45,159 Speaker 1: It's a really good episode, So I highly encourage you 467 00:25:45,200 --> 00:25:47,639 Speaker 1: to go give that one a listen. Of all the 468 00:25:47,640 --> 00:25:50,400 Speaker 1: ones that I listened to in in preparing this episode, 469 00:25:50,440 --> 00:25:52,800 Speaker 1: like that is the one that has the most sheer 470 00:25:53,000 --> 00:25:55,720 Speaker 1: delight in the voices of the hosts and what they're 471 00:25:55,720 --> 00:26:01,359 Speaker 1: talking about, So I I love her. Also, Um, Sarah 472 00:26:01,400 --> 00:26:06,199 Speaker 1: and Doublina have done three different podcasts that are in 473 00:26:06,240 --> 00:26:09,240 Speaker 1: some way related to Ned Kelly, and usually Ned Kelly 474 00:26:09,359 --> 00:26:13,240 Speaker 1: is the person who people specifically ask us to talk about. 475 00:26:13,480 --> 00:26:16,119 Speaker 1: They did a podcast on Ned Kelly and then two 476 00:26:16,160 --> 00:26:20,000 Speaker 1: podcasts on other bush Rangers in Australia, and so the 477 00:26:20,000 --> 00:26:24,040 Speaker 1: one that was just on Ned Kelly came out on June, 478 00:26:25,119 --> 00:26:29,920 Speaker 1: and then on September and September twenty one of that year, 479 00:26:30,080 --> 00:26:33,520 Speaker 1: the two parter came out on other bush Rangers who 480 00:26:33,520 --> 00:26:37,800 Speaker 1: were basically outlaws on the Australian Outback. So these episodes 481 00:26:37,880 --> 00:26:40,879 Speaker 1: together wind up looking at about a hundred years of 482 00:26:40,920 --> 00:26:43,800 Speaker 1: Australian outlaw history, and they take a look at the 483 00:26:43,800 --> 00:26:46,280 Speaker 1: realities and the myths of ned Kelly and the other 484 00:26:46,320 --> 00:26:49,520 Speaker 1: bush Rangers, since, as these stories often go, there are 485 00:26:49,560 --> 00:26:52,800 Speaker 1: some elements that are real and others that have fallen 486 00:26:52,840 --> 00:26:56,399 Speaker 1: into more romanticized mythology, so the facts may not always 487 00:26:56,400 --> 00:26:59,359 Speaker 1: be accurate. And they also talk about how Australia became 488 00:26:59,400 --> 00:27:02,640 Speaker 1: a haven or outlaw activity and it was not just 489 00:27:02,720 --> 00:27:06,520 Speaker 1: because a lot of Bushrangers started as escaped convicts. Yeah. 490 00:27:06,560 --> 00:27:08,359 Speaker 1: They spent a lot of time talking about the social 491 00:27:08,440 --> 00:27:11,760 Speaker 1: factors that led to people turning to crime as basically 492 00:27:11,800 --> 00:27:15,159 Speaker 1: a way of life. Uh. Nick Kelly and the Bushrangers 493 00:27:15,160 --> 00:27:17,760 Speaker 1: are actually so far off of my base of knowledge 494 00:27:17,920 --> 00:27:20,560 Speaker 1: that the one time we have mentioned Bushrangers in a 495 00:27:20,640 --> 00:27:24,919 Speaker 1: past episode, I said it wrong. I said it in 496 00:27:24,920 --> 00:27:27,159 Speaker 1: a different way than how it is pronounced. I'm not 497 00:27:27,200 --> 00:27:32,560 Speaker 1: going to say it again because that was embarrassing. If 498 00:27:32,600 --> 00:27:36,520 Speaker 1: that is your worst crime, my dear. Uh. The next 499 00:27:36,520 --> 00:27:38,040 Speaker 1: one is that are our last one? It is the 500 00:27:38,080 --> 00:27:40,760 Speaker 1: most exciting, I think. Yeah. This one is the whale 501 00:27:40,760 --> 00:27:43,800 Speaker 1: ship Essex, and this was covered by Katie and Sarah 502 00:27:43,920 --> 00:27:50,240 Speaker 1: back in September. First aired on September, and the whaleship Essex, 503 00:27:50,280 --> 00:27:52,480 Speaker 1: in case you did not know, is the inspiration for 504 00:27:52,520 --> 00:27:55,200 Speaker 1: the novel Moby Dick. But it was a real whaling 505 00:27:55,240 --> 00:27:57,679 Speaker 1: ship that was attacked and sunk by a sperm whale 506 00:27:57,720 --> 00:28:01,200 Speaker 1: in eight and the story of that happened is really 507 00:28:01,320 --> 00:28:04,320 Speaker 1: pretty harrowing. So we're gonna leave that to Katie and 508 00:28:04,400 --> 00:28:06,720 Speaker 1: Sarah because they did a lot of really good work 509 00:28:06,800 --> 00:28:09,280 Speaker 1: on that. We don't want to steal their thunder Well, 510 00:28:09,320 --> 00:28:12,320 Speaker 1: and I'm actually really shocked we're not getting more requests 511 00:28:12,440 --> 00:28:15,000 Speaker 1: for the whale ship Essex right now because as we 512 00:28:15,080 --> 00:28:18,080 Speaker 1: are recording this, marketing for the movie In the Heart 513 00:28:18,080 --> 00:28:20,879 Speaker 1: of the Sea, which is based on a book about 514 00:28:20,920 --> 00:28:23,160 Speaker 1: the whaleship x Essex, is like it's at a fever 515 00:28:23,240 --> 00:28:26,119 Speaker 1: pitch right now. I feel like every time I opened 516 00:28:26,160 --> 00:28:28,320 Speaker 1: up a new web page or turn onto television, there 517 00:28:28,359 --> 00:28:30,840 Speaker 1: is a commercial for In the Heart of the Seat 518 00:28:31,080 --> 00:28:36,280 Speaker 1: with the giant giant whale tail destroying things. Well, I 519 00:28:36,359 --> 00:28:40,800 Speaker 1: have a theory completely based in nothing, just I feel 520 00:28:40,840 --> 00:28:43,479 Speaker 1: like the way that they're advertising it doesn't make it 521 00:28:43,520 --> 00:28:47,080 Speaker 1: clear that it is based on anything grounded in reality. 522 00:28:48,240 --> 00:28:51,680 Speaker 1: Um it seems it seems so big and over the 523 00:28:51,720 --> 00:28:54,120 Speaker 1: top the way they're pitching it that it seems more 524 00:28:54,200 --> 00:28:58,520 Speaker 1: like Michael Bay's history than like a Yeah, I watched 525 00:28:58,960 --> 00:29:01,120 Speaker 1: I rewatched one of the trail for it yesterday as 526 00:29:01,160 --> 00:29:02,840 Speaker 1: I was working on this podcast, and I had two 527 00:29:02,840 --> 00:29:05,800 Speaker 1: immediate thoughts, and one was there's a shot of some 528 00:29:05,880 --> 00:29:07,520 Speaker 1: ships in a harbor, and I was like, I am 529 00:29:07,600 --> 00:29:11,040 Speaker 1: pretty sure that is the Boston Tea Party museum and 530 00:29:11,160 --> 00:29:13,840 Speaker 1: ships shot from the air, Like I don't, I'm I 531 00:29:13,880 --> 00:29:15,520 Speaker 1: think that might be what that is. And I thought 532 00:29:15,560 --> 00:29:17,800 Speaker 1: about like going to research that and seeing if it 533 00:29:17,840 --> 00:29:20,360 Speaker 1: really was a shot of the Boston Tea Party ships 534 00:29:20,360 --> 00:29:22,320 Speaker 1: and museum, because it really did look like that to me. 535 00:29:23,040 --> 00:29:27,120 Speaker 1: And the other was that whale is just so big 536 00:29:27,480 --> 00:29:30,040 Speaker 1: and the whales are large, but I have also been 537 00:29:30,080 --> 00:29:32,520 Speaker 1: on a whale watch and the whales we saw were 538 00:29:32,520 --> 00:29:36,320 Speaker 1: not nearly as like Leviathan as the one in the 539 00:29:36,360 --> 00:29:40,520 Speaker 1: movie is, so uh yeah, I'm wondering how the scale 540 00:29:40,640 --> 00:29:44,120 Speaker 1: of the whale actually measures up to the reality of 541 00:29:44,800 --> 00:29:47,920 Speaker 1: sperm whales. This is also what I'm really jealous of 542 00:29:47,960 --> 00:29:52,440 Speaker 1: past hosts for covering like really early, really really early 543 00:29:52,560 --> 00:29:54,520 Speaker 1: in the in the life of us being on the show. 544 00:29:55,320 --> 00:29:57,160 Speaker 1: I was putting the little list of things that I 545 00:29:57,200 --> 00:29:58,840 Speaker 1: really really wanted to talk about, and I was like, 546 00:29:58,880 --> 00:30:00,600 Speaker 1: I want to talk about this we ship they got 547 00:30:00,600 --> 00:30:04,360 Speaker 1: sunk by a whale, but I can't because we have 548 00:30:04,520 --> 00:30:07,400 Speaker 1: that already, which is fine. I love our past host. 549 00:30:07,520 --> 00:30:10,360 Speaker 1: Basically all the folks that have worked on the show 550 00:30:10,360 --> 00:30:14,280 Speaker 1: are friends and colleagues, so I'm happy they got to 551 00:30:14,320 --> 00:30:18,080 Speaker 1: do it, but sad I did not. And that is 552 00:30:18,120 --> 00:30:21,280 Speaker 1: it for our most Requested episode round up. Uh, those 553 00:30:21,320 --> 00:30:26,880 Speaker 1: are the things. I put together this list through a 554 00:30:26,880 --> 00:30:31,440 Speaker 1: couple of methods. One was just memory of the things 555 00:30:31,480 --> 00:30:33,960 Speaker 1: people ask us for over and over, and one was 556 00:30:34,000 --> 00:30:37,040 Speaker 1: looking in my Scent items folder and outlook. Uh, and 557 00:30:37,080 --> 00:30:42,000 Speaker 1: I've emailed I think it was like two thirty six 558 00:30:42,040 --> 00:30:46,120 Speaker 1: emails that were links to episodes that we have already 559 00:30:46,160 --> 00:30:49,000 Speaker 1: in my items folder. And then I was really embarrassed 560 00:30:49,040 --> 00:30:51,480 Speaker 1: because I realized I had sent the same person multiple 561 00:30:51,520 --> 00:30:55,200 Speaker 1: links on multiple days and I never realized it was 562 00:30:55,240 --> 00:30:57,880 Speaker 1: the same person because there's so much so we guess 563 00:30:57,920 --> 00:30:59,960 Speaker 1: there's so much email. I was sending so much email, 564 00:31:00,120 --> 00:31:04,160 Speaker 1: so uh, yeah, embarrassing. Well, I mean I know for me, 565 00:31:04,240 --> 00:31:06,080 Speaker 1: like there's there's a point where we get so much 566 00:31:06,120 --> 00:31:09,960 Speaker 1: email where uh, eventually I will sometimes like, oh I 567 00:31:10,040 --> 00:31:13,640 Speaker 1: remember this person. But it's hard to establish pattern recognition 568 00:31:13,640 --> 00:31:15,880 Speaker 1: when you're getting so much. And we've talked about before 569 00:31:15,880 --> 00:31:18,320 Speaker 1: how like the podcast is not the only thing that 570 00:31:18,480 --> 00:31:21,480 Speaker 1: Tracy and I do, So it's kind of like, oh, 571 00:31:21,520 --> 00:31:23,440 Speaker 1: I'm in the middle of editing this article. Oh there's 572 00:31:23,480 --> 00:31:25,560 Speaker 1: another history email. I'll kind of shunt it off and 573 00:31:25,600 --> 00:31:28,400 Speaker 1: read it later. And so it's like, with the constant 574 00:31:28,440 --> 00:31:30,200 Speaker 1: juggle of all the stuff, I have a really hard 575 00:31:30,240 --> 00:31:34,240 Speaker 1: time developing pattern recognition and see recognizing people's names over 576 00:31:34,280 --> 00:31:37,120 Speaker 1: and over. We do. We do read all of your emails. 577 00:31:37,400 --> 00:31:41,680 Speaker 1: We read them all. We answer a bitifully small proportion 578 00:31:42,400 --> 00:31:44,520 Speaker 1: of them because there are so many, but we do. 579 00:31:44,600 --> 00:31:46,320 Speaker 1: We do read them all. So thank you so much 580 00:31:46,320 --> 00:31:49,760 Speaker 1: everyone who sends us these wonderful emails that come into 581 00:31:49,760 --> 00:31:53,080 Speaker 1: our inbox all time. We love them. Uh. And so, 582 00:31:53,200 --> 00:31:54,560 Speaker 1: as we said at the clap of the show, we're 583 00:31:54,560 --> 00:31:57,720 Speaker 1: basically going to put links to all of these inner 584 00:31:57,760 --> 00:31:59,880 Speaker 1: show notes that are blog at Miston history dot com. 585 00:32:00,000 --> 00:32:03,240 Speaker 1: So people who are interested uh and hearing these for 586 00:32:03,280 --> 00:32:05,640 Speaker 1: the first time or in re listening to an old 587 00:32:05,680 --> 00:32:08,160 Speaker 1: favorite whichever floats your boat. You can find all these 588 00:32:08,160 --> 00:32:11,440 Speaker 1: in one place are awesome. Producer Noll is going to 589 00:32:11,520 --> 00:32:14,120 Speaker 1: try to put together a share able playlist of them 590 00:32:14,200 --> 00:32:17,800 Speaker 1: also to make them easier to find. Um and we 591 00:32:17,840 --> 00:32:20,120 Speaker 1: will post links to all of that as many places 592 00:32:20,160 --> 00:32:24,000 Speaker 1: as we can think of. Uh. And if you want 593 00:32:24,040 --> 00:32:26,320 Speaker 1: to see whether we've got something you're interested in in 594 00:32:26,360 --> 00:32:28,760 Speaker 1: our archive. We also have a blog post that Tracy 595 00:32:28,760 --> 00:32:31,560 Speaker 1: put together which is how to find old episodes of 596 00:32:31,600 --> 00:32:34,080 Speaker 1: stuff you missed in history class, and it basically has 597 00:32:34,120 --> 00:32:35,880 Speaker 1: lots of tips on how to search and how to 598 00:32:35,960 --> 00:32:38,880 Speaker 1: hunt for things that might help you. If you are 599 00:32:38,920 --> 00:32:42,160 Speaker 1: wishing we would do something, it might already exist, either 600 00:32:42,240 --> 00:32:44,280 Speaker 1: by us or previous hosts, and your wish could be 601 00:32:44,280 --> 00:32:47,560 Speaker 1: instantly granted. I love it when the wish is instantly granted. 602 00:32:47,680 --> 00:32:51,400 Speaker 1: I always feel kind of guilty when somebody has clearly 603 00:32:51,440 --> 00:32:53,840 Speaker 1: put so much time and thought into convincing us that 604 00:32:53,880 --> 00:32:55,840 Speaker 1: we should do an episode on something and it's something 605 00:32:55,880 --> 00:33:01,280 Speaker 1: that we already have. Uh. It could be me overthinking things, 606 00:33:01,280 --> 00:33:05,040 Speaker 1: but I always feel like if that were me getting 607 00:33:05,040 --> 00:33:07,800 Speaker 1: the email back saying hey, we we love that person. Also, 608 00:33:07,880 --> 00:33:10,520 Speaker 1: here's a link to the episode that we have on them, 609 00:33:10,560 --> 00:33:11,960 Speaker 1: Like that would kind of take the wind out of 610 00:33:11,960 --> 00:33:15,560 Speaker 1: my sales. I don't know if it would or not 611 00:33:15,680 --> 00:33:17,720 Speaker 1: for me, but I do feel bad that they spent 612 00:33:17,800 --> 00:33:22,320 Speaker 1: time they didn't have to making their case. Yeah. So anyway, Yeah, yeah, 613 00:33:22,320 --> 00:33:24,640 Speaker 1: we have so many episodes in our archive and uh, 614 00:33:25,440 --> 00:33:30,000 Speaker 1: I would say, um, just because in our archive on 615 00:33:30,000 --> 00:33:32,680 Speaker 1: our website and missing history dot com, I have gone 616 00:33:32,720 --> 00:33:36,640 Speaker 1: in and tried to put the person's name in the 617 00:33:36,680 --> 00:33:40,640 Speaker 1: title for things that uh that did not have their name, 618 00:33:41,040 --> 00:33:44,480 Speaker 1: like don't Cross the Dragon Lady did not have the 619 00:33:45,560 --> 00:33:47,240 Speaker 1: in there. So I've like gone and I've put the 620 00:33:47,360 --> 00:33:50,239 Speaker 1: names in as many of the titles as I can 621 00:33:50,280 --> 00:33:53,120 Speaker 1: find to make them easier to find them before and 622 00:33:53,160 --> 00:33:55,760 Speaker 1: so it may be a little easier on our website 623 00:33:55,800 --> 00:34:01,000 Speaker 1: than in like it teams. Um. So yeah, that is 624 00:34:01,040 --> 00:34:04,320 Speaker 1: our most requested episodes that we already have. Do you 625 00:34:04,400 --> 00:34:07,840 Speaker 1: have some fresh listener mail that does not in fact 626 00:34:07,920 --> 00:34:11,120 Speaker 1: requestion episodes that already exists? Uh, it is so fresh 627 00:34:11,280 --> 00:34:15,719 Speaker 1: that it came in this morning. It is from Gabrielle 628 00:34:15,760 --> 00:34:19,320 Speaker 1: and it is from our very very recent episode from yesterday. 629 00:34:19,400 --> 00:34:21,319 Speaker 1: In terms of when we were recording this podcast on 630 00:34:21,360 --> 00:34:25,520 Speaker 1: the Gallipoli campaign, and Gabrielle says, Dear Tracy and Holly, 631 00:34:25,680 --> 00:34:27,600 Speaker 1: I have just finished listening to your episode on the 632 00:34:27,600 --> 00:34:31,000 Speaker 1: Gallipoli Campaign and it was very good. Despite as a 633 00:34:31,000 --> 00:34:34,200 Speaker 1: new Zealander, I couldn't miss it in history class. One 634 00:34:34,239 --> 00:34:36,959 Speaker 1: small point that has recently been made more widely known 635 00:34:37,040 --> 00:34:40,400 Speaker 1: about the Anzac biscuits is that although it is possible 636 00:34:40,480 --> 00:34:43,920 Speaker 1: sweet biscuits were sent over in care packages and ANZACs 637 00:34:44,360 --> 00:34:48,760 Speaker 1: are good keepers and travel well, they became iconic because 638 00:34:48,800 --> 00:34:52,120 Speaker 1: of the massive fundraising efforts for soldiers aid societies such 639 00:34:52,120 --> 00:34:55,280 Speaker 1: as the Red Cross in the early aftermath of the landing. 640 00:34:55,960 --> 00:35:00,200 Speaker 1: Hundreds of bake sales and tables of works were set up, 641 00:35:00,200 --> 00:35:02,719 Speaker 1: and most of them had a version of this oatmeal 642 00:35:02,760 --> 00:35:06,000 Speaker 1: and coconut biscuit that is made without eggs and by 643 00:35:06,040 --> 00:35:09,440 Speaker 1: melting together the butter and golden syrup. This recipe was 644 00:35:09,480 --> 00:35:13,480 Speaker 1: popular during rationing as it uses minimal amounts of scarce ingredients. 645 00:35:13,560 --> 00:35:17,400 Speaker 1: At least one hospital ship was funded in this way. 646 00:35:17,560 --> 00:35:20,400 Speaker 1: They also are the only exception to an Act of 647 00:35:20,520 --> 00:35:24,520 Speaker 1: Parliament that forbids naming any commercial product after Anzas and 648 00:35:24,600 --> 00:35:27,680 Speaker 1: must be one made to the original recipe and two 649 00:35:28,239 --> 00:35:32,719 Speaker 1: only called biscuits, never called cookies, and their title. A 650 00:35:32,800 --> 00:35:35,400 Speaker 1: well known sandwich chain could not do the first when 651 00:35:35,440 --> 00:35:38,520 Speaker 1: attempting to add it to their menu. Half chocolate dipped 652 00:35:38,520 --> 00:35:42,000 Speaker 1: Anzac biscuits are becoming more popular uh and during April, 653 00:35:42,000 --> 00:35:45,200 Speaker 1: commemorative tins are for sale and the supermarkets all over 654 00:35:45,360 --> 00:35:49,879 Speaker 1: the country and in Australia love the show. Gabrielle, thank 655 00:35:49,880 --> 00:35:53,840 Speaker 1: you so much for this awesome information about Anzac biscuits. Um, Gabrielle. 656 00:35:53,920 --> 00:35:57,280 Speaker 1: My my information that they were uh, that they became 657 00:35:57,680 --> 00:36:00,239 Speaker 1: famous for being sent to soldiers actually came I'm a 658 00:36:00,280 --> 00:36:04,840 Speaker 1: prior listener mail from several years ago, uh from somebody 659 00:36:04,840 --> 00:36:10,040 Speaker 1: who actually sent us a recipe for how to make them, um, 660 00:36:10,080 --> 00:36:13,239 Speaker 1: which is delightful. And I have that recipe still and 661 00:36:13,320 --> 00:36:15,960 Speaker 1: maybe over the holidays when I have some extra baking time, 662 00:36:16,600 --> 00:36:18,480 Speaker 1: I will make them and see what they are like. 663 00:36:19,000 --> 00:36:21,520 Speaker 1: So thank you again, Gabrielle sent for sending that. That 664 00:36:21,680 --> 00:36:24,560 Speaker 1: is great information. If you would like to write to us, 665 00:36:24,560 --> 00:36:26,719 Speaker 1: we're a history podcast at how Stuff Works dot com. 666 00:36:27,120 --> 00:36:29,479 Speaker 1: We're also on Facebook at Facebook dot com, slash miss 667 00:36:29,480 --> 00:36:32,120 Speaker 1: in History, and our Twitter is miss in History. Our 668 00:36:32,200 --> 00:36:34,400 Speaker 1: tumbler is miss in History dot tumbler dot com, and 669 00:36:34,440 --> 00:36:37,800 Speaker 1: we're on Pinterest at pinterest dot com. Slash missed in history. 670 00:36:38,719 --> 00:36:40,960 Speaker 1: If you would like to learn more about something that 671 00:36:41,000 --> 00:36:42,920 Speaker 1: we have talked about today, you can go and put 672 00:36:42,920 --> 00:36:45,600 Speaker 1: the words oak Island into the search bar at how 673 00:36:45,640 --> 00:36:47,840 Speaker 1: stuff works dot com and you will find the article 674 00:36:47,960 --> 00:36:51,920 Speaker 1: on the Oak Island money pit uh that was inspired 675 00:36:51,960 --> 00:36:55,400 Speaker 1: by our podcast and then inspired a podcast from stuff 676 00:36:55,440 --> 00:36:57,719 Speaker 1: You should do if you can also come to our 677 00:36:57,719 --> 00:36:59,759 Speaker 1: website where we will have the list of all of 678 00:36:59,760 --> 00:37:02,000 Speaker 1: these episodes, links to all of them, where we have 679 00:37:02,680 --> 00:37:05,560 Speaker 1: our tips on how to search our archive in different formats. 680 00:37:06,080 --> 00:37:07,920 Speaker 1: You can do all that and a whole lot more 681 00:37:08,160 --> 00:37:14,320 Speaker 1: at how stuff works dot com or missing history dot com. 682 00:37:14,320 --> 00:37:16,759 Speaker 1: For more on this and thousands of other topics, is 683 00:37:16,760 --> 00:37:20,920 Speaker 1: it how stuff works dot com. 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