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Speaker 1: Hello, everyone, it's Eves checking in here to let you

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Speaker 1: know that you're going to be hearing two different events

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Speaker 1: in history in this episode. They're both good, if I

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Speaker 1: do say so myself. On with the show. Hi, I'm Eves,

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Speaker 1: and welcome to this Day in History Class, a show

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Speaker 1: that on covers history one day at a time. The

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Speaker 1: day was February two, seventeen o nine. After four years,

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Speaker 1: in four months of being stranded on an island called

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Speaker 1: Masatierra now known as Robinson Crusoe Island, privateer Alexander Selkirk

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Speaker 1: was rescued. His rescuer was Captain Woods Rogers, who came

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Speaker 1: along on a ship called the Duke. The Alexander that

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Speaker 1: Rogers picked up wasn't much like the Alexander that was

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Speaker 1: left on the island years before. Rogers later wrote that

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Speaker 1: self her quote so much forgot his language for want

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Speaker 1: of use, that we could scarce understand him, for he

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Speaker 1: seemed to speak his words by halves. And that kind

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Speaker 1: of transformation is to be expected when someone spends years

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Speaker 1: adjusting to life alone on an island full of rats

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Speaker 1: and feral cats. But selkirk story of being a castaway

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Speaker 1: on an island in the South Pacific is a fantastic tale,

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Speaker 1: so much so that it may have inspired Daniel Dafoe's

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Speaker 1: book Robinson Cruso. Alexander Selkirk was an adventurous seafair with

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Speaker 1: a bit of a troubled past. He was born in

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Speaker 1: sixteen seventy six in Lower Largo, Scotland. Even though his

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Speaker 1: father wanted him to be a shoemaker, Alexander had other dreams.

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Speaker 1: He wanted to live out at sea, and in he

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Speaker 1: did so, running off to sea on a day he

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Speaker 1: was supposed to appear in front of church elders for

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Speaker 1: his transgressions. It's not known where he went, but he

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Speaker 1: didn't stay away forever. In seventeen o one, he beat

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Speaker 1: his brother for laughing at him when he accidentally drank saltwater.

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Speaker 1: In the scuffle that followed, he also assaulted his father,

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Speaker 1: his other brother, and maybe even his father's wife. He

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Speaker 1: did go on to appear before the church elders, but

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Speaker 1: apparently he'd had enough of the town. In seventeen oh three,

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Speaker 1: he left on a privateering expedition to South America with

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Speaker 1: buccaneer William Dampier. Touting his math and geography skills. He

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Speaker 1: got a job as a navigator aboard the sink ports

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Speaker 1: and they set sail in September, But about a year

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Speaker 1: after they left, conditions aboard the ship were miserable. The

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Speaker 1: ship's captain, twenty one year old Lieutenant Thomas chat Ling,

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Speaker 1: was not liked, to say the least, and the ship

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Speaker 1: was so leaky that the men had to keep pumping

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Speaker 1: water out of it. Selkirk was sure the ship was

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Speaker 1: near falling apart, so they went back to the island

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Speaker 1: of Masatierra, where they had been before, and stocked up

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Speaker 1: on turnips, goats and other provisions, and after a month

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Speaker 1: the captain was ready to set sail again, but the

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Speaker 1: ship still hadn't been repaired, and Alexander was worried that

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Speaker 1: the worm eaten vessel would not make the open sea

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Speaker 1: and definitely not the battles it would have to endure.

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Speaker 1: When Straddling made it clear that he was intent on

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Speaker 1: setting off, Selkirk basically through a tantrum, albeit a valid one.

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Speaker 1: Alexander was left on the island with his bedding, a musket,

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Speaker 1: a pistol, gunpowder, a hatchet, a knife, his navigation tools,

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Speaker 1: a pot for boiling food, two pounds of tobacco, some

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Speaker 1: cheese and jam, a flask of rum, his Bible, the

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Speaker 1: Book of Common Prayer in the seventeen Spanish dollars he

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Speaker 1: was entitled to. Alexander realized his mistake quickly and asked

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Speaker 1: to be let back on the ship, but Straddling had

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Speaker 1: a point to prove, and he left Alexander ashore. Selkirk

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Speaker 1: thought it would just be a few days before someone

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Speaker 1: would happen by the island and save him, but that

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Speaker 1: was not the case. At first, Selkirk had a rough time.

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Speaker 1: He had plenty food like goat meat, fruit and lobsters,

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Speaker 1: but he was depressed with no one to talk to,

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Speaker 1: and the island's rats were a nuisance. But after over

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Speaker 1: a year on the island, he seemed to have become

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Speaker 1: accustomed to life there. He domesticated the cats, he learned

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Speaker 1: to hunt goats, he figured out how to make clothes

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Speaker 1: out of goat skins, he built two huts, and he

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Speaker 1: read the Bible a lot. So when the ship the

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Speaker 1: Duke failed up to the shore on a February second,

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Speaker 1: Alexander was used to a whole new way of life,

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Speaker 1: and as it turned out, William Dampier was on board

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Speaker 1: bearing the news that yes, the sink ports had sank.

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Speaker 1: Soon after Alexander was abandoned, Selkirk sailed around with Rogers

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Speaker 1: for two years, then went back to London, where he

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Speaker 1: became a local celebrity through telling accounts of his castaway experience.

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Speaker 1: But the fund didn't last long. He couldn't really adjust

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Speaker 1: to life in London again. He went back out to

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Speaker 1: sea in seventeen twenty, but he died not long after

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Speaker 1: of yellow fever aboard a naval worship I'm Eve Steff

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Speaker 1: Coote and hopefully you know a little more about history

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Speaker 1: today than you did yesterday. If you'd like to learn

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Speaker 1: more about Alexander Selkirk, listen to the episode of stuff

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Speaker 1: he missed in history class called Alexander Selkirk, who was

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Speaker 1: the real Robinson Crusoe. Hey you guys, if you can't

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Speaker 1: tell I am still horse from that same cold, I

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Speaker 1: wish I could predict when I won't be horse anymore,

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Speaker 1: but hopefully it will be soon. And thank you so

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Speaker 1: much again for listening. You can subscribe to This Day

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Speaker 1: in History Class on Apple podcasts, the I Heart Radio app,

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Speaker 1: or wherever you get your podcasts. We'll see you tomorrow.

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Speaker 1: Hello again, it's Eaves and you're listening to This Day

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Speaker 1: in History Class, a podcast that truly believes no day

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Speaker 1: is boring. Today it's February two. The day was February second. Nineto. Ulysses,

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Speaker 1: a novel by Irish writer James Joyce, was first published

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Speaker 1: in its entirety. The book is regarded as one of

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Speaker 1: the most important works in modernist literature, and it has

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Speaker 1: a reputation for being long and difficult to read. People

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Speaker 1: in Ireland and Britain in other places often pronounce it Ulysses,

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Speaker 1: but I'm going to pronounce it Ulysses throughout the rest

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Speaker 1: of the episode because I have an unrefined American accent.

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Speaker 1: Throughout the early twentieth century, Joyce wrote and published prose, poetry,

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Speaker 1: and a play. Some of his most notable pre Ulysses

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Speaker 1: work includes Dubliners, a short story collection about middle class

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Speaker 1: life around Dublin, and a portrait of the artist as

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Speaker 1: a young man, Joyce's first novel. By the time this

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Speaker 1: novel was published, Joyce had already began working on Ulysses.

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Speaker 1: Poet Ezra Pound sent Margaret Anderson and Jane Heat, editors

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Speaker 1: at the Greenwich Village based literary magazine The Little Review

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Speaker 1: parts of Ulysses. They agreed to print the work serially

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Speaker 1: and started doing so in nineteen eighteen, but in nineteen

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Speaker 1: twenty the editors were arrested for publishing obscenity, largely due

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Speaker 1: to Ulysses, but also because of the magazine's tone in general.

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Speaker 1: The two were convicted in nineteen one, and they agreed

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Speaker 1: to stop publishing Ulysses, But just a couple of months

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Speaker 1: after their conviction, Sylvia Beach, an American who had an

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Speaker 1: English language bookstore in Paris called Shakespeare and Company, offered

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Speaker 1: to publish the novel. Joyce set to work on writing

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Speaker 1: the rest of the book. He finished writing in October

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Speaker 1: of ninety one, though revisions continued throughout the rest of

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Speaker 1: the year. On February two, ninety two, the first edition

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Speaker 1: of one thousand copies went on sale. The book was

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Speaker 1: paper bound with a blue cover with white lettering. Seven

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Speaker 1: hundred and fifty copies were normal issue one and fifty

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Speaker 1: numbered copies were printed on a larger format handmade paper,

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Speaker 1: and one hundred were signed by choice. Each of its

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Speaker 1: eighteen chapters are named after an episode of Homer's epic Odyssey.

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Speaker 1: Most of the novel follows Leopold Bloom, the main character

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Speaker 1: around Dublin over the course of one day. Leopold is

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Speaker 1: written as a modern counterpart to Odysseus, while the other

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Speaker 1: two central characters, Stephen Dedalus and Molly Bloom, align with

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Speaker 1: the mythological Telemachus and Penelope. The book is known for

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Speaker 1: its use of the stream of consciousness technique, it's experimentation

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Speaker 1: with language inform, its literary illusions, is robust characterizations, and

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Speaker 1: its humor. The book was immediately successful. Gertrude Stein, Ernest Hemingway,

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Speaker 1: and W. B. Yates were some of the books notable

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Speaker 1: early purchasers. Within eighteen weeks, the first edition had sold out.

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Speaker 1: Beach published another edition each year until ninety five. In

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Speaker 1: the US, the book was banned because it was considered pornographic,

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Speaker 1: but the band was lifted in nineteen thirty five in

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Speaker 1: Random House became the u s publisher of Ulysses. While

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Speaker 1: Joyce had made a little money from the serialization of Ulysses,

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Speaker 1: the publication of the book was much more lucrative. He

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Speaker 1: settled into a middle class lifestyle and began work on

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Speaker 1: the text that was eventually called Finnigan's Wake. Over the years,

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Speaker 1: Ulysses has been subject to plenty of analysis by its fans, critics,

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Speaker 1: and scholars alike. The value of Joyce's impact on modern

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Speaker 1: and post modern fiction has been debated, and Ulysses has

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Speaker 1: been considered too complex and inaccessible, but the book is

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Speaker 1: recognized as a pivotal text in literary history. I'm Eve Jeffcote,

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Speaker 1: and hopefully you know a little more about history today

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Speaker 1: than you did yesterday. If you know you already spend

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Speaker 1: too much time on social media, spend some of that

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Speaker 1: time with us at t d i h C Podcast

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Speaker 1: on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Email still works. Send us

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Speaker 1: a note at this day at I heeart media dot com.

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Speaker 1: We're here every day, so you know where to find us.

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Speaker 1: By