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Speaker 1: Hi, everybody, Chuck here.

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Speaker 2: I hope you're all having some cereal or toaster pastries,

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Speaker 2: or maybe a bagel, maybe an egg sandwich, maybe some

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Speaker 2: overnight oats.

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Speaker 1: Maybe some bacon, maybe some back bacon.

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Speaker 2: Maybe it depends on where you are in the world

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Speaker 2: what kind of bacon you're eating, because we all call

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Speaker 2: it bacon, and it means a different thing wherever you

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Speaker 2: are at any rate, I hope you're enjoying some breakfast,

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Speaker 2: and you should listen to this episode while you eat breakfast.

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Speaker 2: From February twenty second, twenty eighteen. Rosa Parks Colon, agent

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Speaker 2: of change, but a great woman in American history. Welcome

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Speaker 2: to Stuff You Should Know, a production of iHeartRadio.

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Speaker 3: Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark, There's

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Speaker 3: Charles w Chuck Bryant, there's Jerry over there. So it's

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Speaker 3: Stuff you should know.

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Speaker 1: It's a podcast, clean studio version.

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Speaker 3: I don't know, it feels a little weird in here, like, uh,

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Speaker 3: I think it's too good for us or something, you

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Speaker 3: know what I mean.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, just so you folks know, Jerry tests a couple

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Speaker 2: of the editor engineers here with coming in and cleaning

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Speaker 2: up the pile of spaghetti that used to flow from

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Speaker 2: the back of her workstation. Nice, not that it was

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Speaker 2: Jerry's fault. And she said, clean up my mess.

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Speaker 3: Well she clapped twice in rapid secession.

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Speaker 1: They know what that means. Right, looks good though, it does.

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Speaker 2: But now we actually have room to put stuff, so

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Speaker 2: we should put some stuff in here.

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Speaker 3: I agree. It's a little bear.

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Speaker 1: A papa's on right there, that'd be nice. I don't know. Well,

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Speaker 1: we could put a small papas on.

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Speaker 3: Most people don't realize, but this place is lousy with

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Speaker 3: Ikea lamps, I mean everywhere, and the cheapest ones like

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Speaker 3: they're one of them's on fire right now? Yeah that one?

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Speaker 3: Oh yeah, smoldering, it's smoldering. Still fire, Chuck, speaking of fire. Yes,

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Speaker 3: you want to know somebody who had some fire in

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Speaker 3: her more than most people realize. Rosa Parks, who is

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Speaker 3: now one of my all time heroes because before the

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Speaker 3: Rosa Parks I knew again it was like the Harriet

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Speaker 3: Tubman episode. Learned about her in school. She was a

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Speaker 3: great American respector reviewer her. Here's why she didn't give

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Speaker 3: up her seat on the bus. No, like not only

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Speaker 3: is that like just the tip of the Iceberg. It

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Speaker 3: wasn't until about the last five or so years. I

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Speaker 3: think about the last four years, they're like a full

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Speaker 3: picture of this woman and who she was and what

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Speaker 3: she stood for and what drove her emerged, not just

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Speaker 3: to the public in general, but to historians, even because

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Speaker 3: her personal papers were basically held up in auction for

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Speaker 3: years and years and years, and now now that they've

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Speaker 3: been donated for like ten years to the Library of Congress, Yeah,

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Speaker 3: we're starting to get a clear picture of her. And

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Speaker 3: she was even more worth revering than people knew before.

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Speaker 1: Yeah. I mean, I think.

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Speaker 2: What the story isn't is Rosa Parks was just a

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Speaker 2: quiet lady who was super tired on the bus one day,

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Speaker 2: so she didn't want to get up.

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Speaker 3: Her dogs were yapping.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, not true.

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Speaker 2: And she even makes a point in her personal paper saying,

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Speaker 2: I was forty two years old. I was no more

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Speaker 2: tired than I was after any day at work. But

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Speaker 2: what I was tired of was being told to get

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Speaker 2: up by a white bus driver to make room for

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Speaker 2: a white passenger.

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Speaker 1: Right. That was not My dogs weren't barking.

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Speaker 3: Right, So she she I think one of the reasons

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Speaker 3: why she was kind of whittled down into this woman

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Speaker 3: who was just tired and wasn't going to give up

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Speaker 3: her seat because she shouldn't have had to in the

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Speaker 3: first place. And then she was a very meek, quiet person.

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Speaker 3: Also was another way that she was drawn. I think

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Speaker 3: one of the reasons why she was whittled into that

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Speaker 3: package was because she became an icon for the civil

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Speaker 3: rights movement. And one of the things that the civil

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Speaker 3: rights movement had to do, for better or worse, was

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Speaker 3: to get the establishment, both white and black, on the

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Speaker 3: side of the civil rights movement, which was a movement

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Speaker 3: of agitation. And if you agitated at the time, this

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Speaker 3: is the Jim Crow era that made trouble. This wasn't

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Speaker 3: like just trouble like people are going to yell at

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Speaker 3: you on Twitter. This was trouble like the cops might

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Speaker 3: arrest you for some made up infraction and then beat

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Speaker 3: and rape you on the way to the jail, and

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Speaker 3: then you would end up in the prison system. Kind

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Speaker 3: of trouble like. This is the kind of trouble that

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Speaker 3: a woman who refused to give up her seat on

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Speaker 3: the bus faced it at this time. So the idea

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Speaker 3: of taking a woman who was I guess palatable to

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Speaker 3: as many people as possible and saying, look at this woman,

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Speaker 3: we need to protect this woman's rights and do what's right.

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Speaker 3: I think that's why she got kind of whittled down

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Speaker 3: into that. But if you're looking back now, historically, there

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Speaker 3: was so much more to her than just that, and

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Speaker 3: she was certainly not meek and mild.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean, distilling the story down for school books

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Speaker 2: is one thing, but like, I'm glad now that people

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Speaker 2: can get a more robust picture.

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Speaker 1: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: So a lot of this comes from a website called

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Speaker 2: Great Black Heroes dot Com had a really good, lengthy article.

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Speaker 2: And then also I want to shout out a book

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Speaker 2: series called Little People, Big Dreams, And it's a kids

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Speaker 2: book series that we've been reading to my daughter. In fact,

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Speaker 2: it's kind of all she wants to read right now.

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Speaker 2: And they are on great women in history and kind

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Speaker 2: of brutally honest to be reading to kids. But they didn't.

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Speaker 2: It's kind of cool they weren't. They didn't whitewash anything.

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Speaker 2: It's sort of like, uh, Maya Angelo was not treated

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Speaker 2: well by white people, Like you read that to your kid,

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Speaker 2: and Rosa Parks is one. And then there's a Frieda Colo,

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Speaker 2: Coco Chanel, Amelia Earhart, Mary Currie, Aga Christi, and more.

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Speaker 3: But but it's pretty brutal, like they draw Amelia air Hearts,

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Speaker 3: skeleton on the beach. Kind of brutal.

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Speaker 1: You know what.

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Speaker 2: That's the only one we haven't gotten to yet because

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Speaker 2: every night it's read Frida, Read Frida. Really, but it's

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Speaker 2: literally like Frieda Colo is lying in the street after

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Speaker 2: she gets hit by a taxi and she's bloody and

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Speaker 2: her legs don't work again after since. So, I mean,

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Speaker 2: it's pretty brutal stuff, but I don't know, it's kind

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Speaker 2: of cool, like kids can read the stuff and digest it.

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Speaker 1: I think.

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Speaker 2: Sure it's a good way to begin them on the

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Speaker 2: path toward true stories.

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Speaker 3: And to sharpen them to like a razor's edge at

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Speaker 3: a young.

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Speaker 1: Age, you know, look out for taxis.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, that's good. You know, that's good advice at any age.

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Speaker 2: All right, So Rosa Parks, let's go back to where

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Speaker 2: she was born in Tuskegee, Alabama, on February fourth, nineteen

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Speaker 2: thirteen two. While she was born Rosa Louise McCauley to

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Speaker 2: James and Leonora McAuley, who were a carpenter and school teacher, respectively.

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Speaker 3: Right, her parents split, I guess she I don't know

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Speaker 3: how old she was. I guess she was younger than six,

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Speaker 3: but her father went to go look for work up north,

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Speaker 3: and her mom wanted to stay in the South, so

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Speaker 3: she and her mom and her brother moved in with

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Speaker 3: her mother's parents. Her grandparents and her grandfather played a

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Speaker 3: really distinct role in shaping her because she moved in

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Speaker 3: with them when she was, like I said, around six,

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Speaker 3: and at the time in this place Pine Level, which

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Speaker 3: is outside of Montgomery, Alabama, there was a lot of

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Speaker 3: clan violence, a lot of violence against blacks of the

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Speaker 3: hands of the Ku Klux Klan, and her grandfather was

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Speaker 3: not having it. He was actually he was the son

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Speaker 3: of a slave woman and a slave owner, so he

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Speaker 3: was I believe half white. He was a slave himself.

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Speaker 3: He had an owner at a young age who really

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Speaker 3: brutally mistreated him, tried to starve him for a little bit.

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Speaker 3: And her grandfather developed what she called a very intense

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Speaker 3: passionate hatred for white people and definitely im part of

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Speaker 3: that to his daughters and his granddaughter grandchildren. Wouldn't let

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Speaker 3: his grandchildren play with white kids, didn't let his daughters

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Speaker 3: work for white families. He was very much and it

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Speaker 3: sounds like pretty well founded against white people, and definitely

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Speaker 3: some of that rubbed off on Rose. At the very least,

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Speaker 3: her eyes were opened to just how unjust the system

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Speaker 3: was at the time when she was growing up.

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Speaker 2: Well, yeah, and just it wasn't even just through his eyes.

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Speaker 2: Like she went to a segregated school that she had

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Speaker 2: to walk to. White students were picked up and bussed

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Speaker 2: to the school. She went to an elementary school called

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Speaker 2: the Montgomery Industrial School for Girls, cool School. It was

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Speaker 2: created by some northern white Northerners to basically try and

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Speaker 2: foster education in these more rural black communities in the South,

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Speaker 2: and that didn't go over well educating kids, so that

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Speaker 2: school was burned down twice.

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Speaker 1: And then couple that with all the you.

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Speaker 2: Know, influence from her grandfather, and it's no surprise that

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Speaker 2: Rosa Parks from a very very early age was an activist.

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Speaker 3: So and being an activist, we're talking like from age

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Speaker 3: six onward, right, So she dropped out a school, which

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Speaker 3: would have been a huge turning point. She had to

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Speaker 3: take care of her grandmother, and then I think her

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Speaker 3: mom later on because they both fell ill and she

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Speaker 3: met I think at age seventeen or eighteen, and then

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Speaker 3: later on, at age nineteen, married her husband, Raymond Parks,

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Speaker 3: and he encouraged her to go back and finish school

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Speaker 3: and she did. That was a huge move because she

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Speaker 3: was very much meant to be an educated person. So

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Speaker 3: the fact that she met Raymond was a huge influence

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Speaker 3: in that respect. He was also a big influence on

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Speaker 3: her because she said that he was the first activist,

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Speaker 3: like real activist, that she ever met. And I believe

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Speaker 3: this was even before the NAACP was in town. This

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Speaker 3: guy was like a grassroots activist and he and his

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Speaker 3: group were basically armed. Do you remember in the Black

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Speaker 3: Panthers episode where like the whole idea of arming yourself

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Speaker 3: came out of the South. This guy was, like Raymond

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Speaker 3: Parks was one of the real deal people who originated that,

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Speaker 3: and he and the group of activists that he he

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Speaker 3: met with would they would all come to the house

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Speaker 3: and everyone would have a gun. And apparently Rosa Parks

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Speaker 3: said sometimes there were so many guns on the table

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Speaker 3: that she didn't have any place to set the refreshments

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Speaker 3: during these meetings. But these meetings weren't like, you know,

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Speaker 3: how are we going to get white people back? It

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Speaker 3: was how are we going to protect like the Scottsboro

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Speaker 3: Boys from false rape accusations. He was an early pre

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Speaker 3: NAACP activist in Montgomery.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and later on was a member of the NAACP.

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Speaker 2: We should do a show on the Scottsboro Boys at

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Speaker 2: some point. It's too much to get into here, but

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Speaker 2: the short version is a group of black men on

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Speaker 2: a train were accused of rape by two white women

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Speaker 2: who just made up this story. Basically went to trial

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Speaker 2: a few times and well, you know what, we'll save

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Speaker 2: the outcome, okay, because there are all kinds of outcomes

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Speaker 2: because it went to trial so many times.

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Speaker 1: So she did finish high.

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Speaker 2: School, and she became involved along with her husband in

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Speaker 2: the Montgomery chapter of the NAACP and worked as their

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Speaker 2: secretary for fourteen years. So not only was she an activist,

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Speaker 2: but she was involved in service of these organizations.

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Speaker 1: She worked for them like whatever you need done, I

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Speaker 1: will do.

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Speaker 2: And anyone who's ever volunteered like knows that I guess

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Speaker 2: foot soldiers, for lack of a better term, are some

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Speaker 2: of the most important people to like in the Black

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Speaker 2: Panthers episode, when you know, the women didn't get nearly

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Speaker 2: the recognition they should have gotten for just keeping that

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Speaker 2: organization running on time.

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Speaker 3: So, but she was more than a volunteer though. She

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Speaker 3: had some really some jobs with some real gravity. Like

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Speaker 3: she was an investigator of sexual assault of black women

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Speaker 3: by white men, which is a very dangerous thing to

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Speaker 3: do because you're going to like interview witnesses to crimes

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Speaker 3: that aren't being prosecuted because they're perpetrated by white people.

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Speaker 3: She was a Justice for Prisoner advocate. She did a

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Speaker 3: lot of like really important stuff. And as she was

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Speaker 3: doing this stuff as the secretary for the LOCALAACP, she

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Speaker 3: was also making contacts that would later become really important

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Speaker 3: in this nascent civil rights movement that largely grew out

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Speaker 3: of the Montgomery bus boycott we're going to talk about.

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Speaker 3: I had no idea how big of an event it was.

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Speaker 3: I knew it was big, but I didn't realize how

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Speaker 3: far reaching the effects of it were.

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Speaker 2: Oh yeah, And another kind of important thing happened to

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Speaker 2: her as far as integration goes, is she got a

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Speaker 2: job type job at Maxwell Air Force Base for a

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Speaker 2: little while, which because it was a federal institution, was

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Speaker 2: integrated and this was the first time that she had

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Speaker 2: first time she had worked in it, or basically been

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Speaker 2: in a professional integrated atmosphere. And that along with the

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Speaker 2: Highlander Folk School, which is maybe we should do a

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Speaker 2: show on that too. In nineteen fifty five, she went

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Speaker 2: to a meeting a workshop at the Highlander Folks School

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Speaker 2: and this is in the Hills of Tennessee and it

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Speaker 2: is still open today as the Highlander Research and Education Center,

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Speaker 2: not in that original building, but.

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Speaker 1: It was just this great folks school where they prepared kids.

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Speaker 2: For activism, workers tried to get people involved in civil rights.

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Speaker 2: And she actually got sponsored by the white couple that

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Speaker 2: she worked for to go to these meetings at mon Eagle, Tennessee.

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Speaker 3: So that Maxwell Air Force basically mentioned. One of the

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Speaker 3: things she later said, I think they found in her

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Speaker 3: papers was a description of like because it was an

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Speaker 3: integrated base. The bus service on base was integrated as well,

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Speaker 3: So she would be riding next to a white friend

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Speaker 3: on the bus on base, and then once they would

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Speaker 3: get off of the bus on base and get onto

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Speaker 3: a city bus, they would have to stop their conversation

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Speaker 3: and get into the different sections, the white section and

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Speaker 3: the colored section, and that was just the reality of it.

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Speaker 3: And one thing that has really come through from her

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Speaker 3: papers is that she made a conscious decision to never

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Speaker 3: normally cannot be like, well that's just how it is. Yeah,

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Speaker 3: that's just life. That she would never let herself do that. Instead,

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Speaker 3: it was this is messed up. This has to be changed.

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Speaker 3: She was able to get through her day with this knowledge,

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Speaker 3: but she was never like this is normal or this

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Speaker 3: is okay.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I mean she said it required.

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Speaker 2: I think the quote was a lot of mental gymnastics

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Speaker 2: just to survive day to day as a black person

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Speaker 2: in America. So in other words, yeah, not accept it

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Speaker 2: and do everything I can to wrap my head around

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Speaker 2: what I can do moving forward.

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Speaker 1: Should we take a break?

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Speaker 2: Yeah, man, all right, take a break and we'll come

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Speaker 2: back and we will start on December first, nineteen fifty five.

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Speaker 2: Very important day, all right. So it's December first, nineteen

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Speaker 2: fifty five. Rosa Parks is working as a seamstress at

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Speaker 2: the time at a department store. She gets off work

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Speaker 2: like she does every day, in Board's bus twenty eight

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Speaker 2: fifty seven Cleveland Avenue bus at about six o'clock and

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Speaker 2: Here's the deal with the buses at the time is

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Speaker 2: there were a certain amount of rows set aside for

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Speaker 2: white people, and then there was a sign that said,

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Speaker 2: you know, black people where they probably said colored people

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Speaker 2: back then can sit from here back. But that sign

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Speaker 2: could move, so as more white people get on the bus,

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Speaker 2: the bus driver gets up and moves that sign back

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Speaker 2: and says, all right, black folks, you got to get up,

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Speaker 2: get out of your seats because now the white section

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Speaker 2: is here, and just keep doing that until sensibly the

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Speaker 2: entire bus could be full of white people and they

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Speaker 2: just say, sorry, you all have to.

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Speaker 1: Get off, right.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, you either had to get up and move your seat.

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Speaker 3: If there were not seats left, you had to stand.

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Speaker 3: If there was no stand, you had to get off

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Speaker 3: the bus right. And then if the bus you were

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Speaker 3: getting on, if you were African American, if the white

307
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Speaker 3: section was already full, you had to get into the

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Speaker 3: front of the bus, pay, get off of the bus,

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Speaker 3: and get onto that back door.

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Speaker 1: You couldn't even walk through the white section right.

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Speaker 3: And then you know, you could take your seat in

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Speaker 3: the colored section. So there was a lot going on here.

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Speaker 3: At least half of this law was unwritten custom. Right,

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Speaker 3: The local ordinance in Montgomery, Alabama said that buses had

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Speaker 3: to be segregated. There was a white section and there

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Speaker 3: was a colored section. They put it right. All that

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Speaker 3: stuff about moving the sign, about getting up and like

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Speaker 3: having to leave the bus if there wasn't any standing

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Speaker 3: room for you, if more white people came on, all

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Speaker 3: of that was just customary. That was not law. That

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Speaker 3: was not the local ordinance, but it was so practiced

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Speaker 3: on a daily basis that it might as well have

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Speaker 3: been the.

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Speaker 2: Law for sure. And that's really all that matters. As

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Speaker 2: if everyone was playing ball, that's what was going to happen.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, because the courts would even prosecute as if you

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Speaker 3: had broken the law, right, if you had not actually

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Speaker 3: broken the law, but had broken this custom. So yeah,

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Speaker 3: for all intentsive purposes, it was the law.

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Speaker 2: So the driver of that bus was one James Blake,

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Speaker 2: and Rosa had well, she had a long memory and

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Speaker 2: a previous incident with mister Blake twelve years previous, nineteen

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Speaker 2: forty three. She had paid her fare, and like you

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Speaker 2: were talking about, with the fact that they couldn't even

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Speaker 2: walk through the white section, he said, you got to

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Speaker 2: get off the bus. Go around to the back, forced her, well,

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Speaker 2: she had already gotten on, said no, you got to

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Speaker 2: re enter on the rear. She got out and he

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Speaker 2: was like psych closed the door and drove off with

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Speaker 2: her bus fare.

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Speaker 3: Right, Yeah, she had already paid. Yeah, that was the

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Speaker 3: nineteen forty three incident, and.

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Speaker 1: She remembered twelve years later who James Blake was.

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Speaker 3: I would probably not forget that bus driver. So on

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Speaker 3: this day she got on and she took her seat

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Speaker 3: in the colored section, and when she sat down again,

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Speaker 3: she was behind the sign. And I guess after a

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Speaker 3: couple of stops, and think about this, man, imagine riding

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Speaker 3: the bus. Let's say you have like seven stops. Think

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Speaker 3: about that pit that would be in your stomach on

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Speaker 3: a daily basis, Like, am I gonna have to get up?

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Speaker 3: I'm gonna have to be humiliated? I am I gonna

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Speaker 3: have to give up my seat to a white person?

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Speaker 3: Because even if somebody who was told that they had

355
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Speaker 3: to get up because a white person needed to sit there,

356
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Speaker 3: even if they just kind of quietly complied, that doesn't

357
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Speaker 3: get the point across how they were feeling. Right, then

358
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Speaker 3: anybody would be humiliated by that. And I read that

359
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Speaker 3: one of the reasons why buses, not just in Montgomery,

360
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Speaker 3: but throughout the segregated South, they were kind of flash

361
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Speaker 3: points because they were people were in such close quarters.

362
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Speaker 3: The racism was right up in your face in front

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Speaker 3: of a bunch of other people, so the humiliation was

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Speaker 3: even more pronounced. Right. So Rosa Park gets on the bus.

365
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Speaker 3: She takes her seat in the colored section, and after

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Speaker 3: a few stops, some white people got on and the driver,

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Speaker 3: James Blake, said that it was time for them to move,

368
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Speaker 3: that these white people needed a seat, and he was

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Speaker 3: moving the sign back at least one row.

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Speaker 1: Yeah.

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Speaker 2: So at this point there's one white dude left without

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Speaker 2: a seat, so as his custom, he made four black

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Speaker 2: folks get out of their two seats on that row.

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Speaker 2: Everyone had to move back because there had to be

375
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Speaker 2: a whole new white row just for this one guy.

376
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Speaker 2: Three of the passengers got up and moved. Rosa Parks

377
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Speaker 2: just slid over to the window seat and sat there.

378
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Speaker 2: And he said, are you going to get up? And

379
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Speaker 2: she said no, I'm not. He said, well, if you

380
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Speaker 2: don't stand up, I'm going to have to call the

381
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Speaker 2: police and have you arrested. And she said, you may

382
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Speaker 2: do that. I know, man, I mean, just so brave.

383
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Speaker 2: And so the police did come, she was arrested, she

384
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Speaker 2: was booked, charged with disorderly conduct, and bailed out by

385
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Speaker 2: Clifford RR and Edgar Nixon, who were the local president

386
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Speaker 2: of the chapter of the NAACP.

387
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Speaker 1: At the time. Right. So, so she's out, at least temporarily.

388
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Speaker 3: Yeah, the next evening, so she spent the night in jail.

389
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Speaker 3: I don't I didn't run across any any statements or

390
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Speaker 3: any kind of evidence that she was like physically mistreated

391
00:21:26,960 --> 00:21:31,520
Speaker 3: or verbally abused by the police. But that seems to

392
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Speaker 3: be unusual for people who were arrested for not giving

393
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Speaker 3: up their seats on the bus.

394
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Speaker 1: What that she was not mistreated?

395
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Speaker 3: Right?

396
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Speaker 1: Yeah, I mean, I'm sure they didn't throw out the

397
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Speaker 1: welcome Matt.

398
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Speaker 3: No, you know, no, but this is actually this is

399
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Speaker 3: noworthy here. Do you want to talk about how she

400
00:21:49,000 --> 00:21:52,240
Speaker 3: was not the first person that year, not the first

401
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Speaker 3: woman to have been arrested for not giving up her

402
00:21:54,760 --> 00:21:57,639
Speaker 3: seat on the bus. Yeah, sure, this is something I

403
00:21:57,640 --> 00:21:59,400
Speaker 3: didn't realize, and I think a lot of people didn't

404
00:21:59,400 --> 00:22:02,600
Speaker 3: realize this. But there were at least two other women

405
00:22:02,720 --> 00:22:07,159
Speaker 3: in Montgomery who were arrested that same year. One was

406
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Speaker 3: Claudette Colvin. She was fifteen at the time.

407
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Speaker 1: Yeah, wasn't she pregnant too?

408
00:22:11,600 --> 00:22:16,120
Speaker 3: She got pregnant afterwards, Okay, but she was fifteen and

409
00:22:17,640 --> 00:22:21,719
Speaker 3: she in March was arrested for not giving up her

410
00:22:21,760 --> 00:22:25,040
Speaker 3: seat on the bus. She said at the time she

411
00:22:25,200 --> 00:22:27,320
Speaker 3: was scared to death, but she fell on one side,

412
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Speaker 3: so jouring her truth was holding her down, and on

413
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Speaker 3: the other side, Harriet Tubman was holding her down and

414
00:22:31,880 --> 00:22:34,800
Speaker 3: she was not about to get up. So they took

415
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Speaker 3: her off the bus and arrested her, and apparently she

416
00:22:37,760 --> 00:22:42,160
Speaker 3: was ridiculed and treated rather roughly. There was another woman.

417
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Speaker 3: Her name was Mary Louise Smith. I believe she was

418
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Speaker 3: eighteen at the time. She had been arrested in October

419
00:22:48,520 --> 00:22:50,639
Speaker 3: for the same thing. I didn't get the impression that

420
00:22:50,680 --> 00:22:55,720
Speaker 3: she was necessarily treated roughly, but Rosa Parks when she

421
00:22:55,760 --> 00:22:58,560
Speaker 3: was arrested, From what I can tell, she was treated

422
00:22:58,640 --> 00:23:02,320
Speaker 3: like the with the respect that would be afforded to

423
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Speaker 3: a middle class black woman at the time in Montgomery, Alabama,

424
00:23:06,640 --> 00:23:10,440
Speaker 3: which is to say, with maybe the slightest measure of respect,

425
00:23:10,440 --> 00:23:12,920
Speaker 3: which is to say, she wasn't beaten on the way

426
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Speaker 3: to Jail.

427
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Speaker 2: There's a book, by the way called Claudette Colvin Colon

428
00:23:17,760 --> 00:23:22,480
Speaker 2: Twice Toward Justice from Phil Who's or Who's And I

429
00:23:22,520 --> 00:23:24,399
Speaker 2: think a lot of people these days are trying to

430
00:23:24,400 --> 00:23:26,600
Speaker 2: shine a little light on some of the lesser known

431
00:23:26,600 --> 00:23:29,120
Speaker 2: figures of the civil rights movement, and books are being

432
00:23:29,119 --> 00:23:30,840
Speaker 2: written and stuff like that, which is pretty awesome.

433
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Speaker 3: And she was asked, Claudette Colevin was asked, why does

434
00:23:34,560 --> 00:23:37,240
Speaker 3: she think it was Rosa Parks and not her? And

435
00:23:37,280 --> 00:23:38,960
Speaker 3: she had a whole list of reasons, and all of

436
00:23:38,960 --> 00:23:41,879
Speaker 3: them are pretty legitimate. That you know, Rosa Parks was

437
00:23:42,119 --> 00:23:46,199
Speaker 3: a very again, a palatable person to a large swath

438
00:23:46,280 --> 00:23:49,720
Speaker 3: of people. And more of the point, she was also fifteen,

439
00:23:50,160 --> 00:23:52,840
Speaker 3: and the NAACP didn't think that a fifteen year old

440
00:23:52,880 --> 00:23:55,920
Speaker 3: was going to be the most reliable icon to kind

441
00:23:55,920 --> 00:23:58,719
Speaker 3: of project into the national forefront.

442
00:23:59,080 --> 00:24:01,399
Speaker 2: Yeah, not to say that a lot of people have

443
00:24:01,480 --> 00:24:04,600
Speaker 2: said over the years that it was staged so because

444
00:24:04,680 --> 00:24:07,080
Speaker 2: they set Rosa Parks up, or not set her up,

445
00:24:07,080 --> 00:24:10,080
Speaker 2: but they picked her to do this because she was palatable.

446
00:24:10,400 --> 00:24:12,600
Speaker 2: They staged this whole thing to make which you know

447
00:24:12,680 --> 00:24:15,040
Speaker 2: would have been fine if that's the way you want

448
00:24:15,040 --> 00:24:18,440
Speaker 2: to kickstart the bus boycott. But from all accounts, it

449
00:24:18,520 --> 00:24:22,040
Speaker 2: was a in the moment decision. She said, I didn't

450
00:24:22,080 --> 00:24:24,440
Speaker 2: know that I was gonna get arrested and I was

451
00:24:24,480 --> 00:24:25,200
Speaker 2: going to sit down.

452
00:24:25,320 --> 00:24:27,000
Speaker 1: Yeah, it's just something that happened.

453
00:24:27,080 --> 00:24:29,000
Speaker 3: And so so, on the one hand, the people who

454
00:24:29,040 --> 00:24:34,400
Speaker 3: say that no, this was staged the NUBACP, and even

455
00:24:34,480 --> 00:24:38,280
Speaker 3: before the n DOUBLEACP was around, buses had been like

456
00:24:38,359 --> 00:24:42,680
Speaker 3: a target of black activists in Montgomery in particular for decades.

457
00:24:42,720 --> 00:24:45,240
Speaker 3: I think the first bus boycott was in nineteen hundred

458
00:24:45,440 --> 00:24:48,040
Speaker 3: and it wasn't even a bus. There was a trolley line, yeah,

459
00:24:48,080 --> 00:24:53,160
Speaker 3: as well as boycotted. So she and having already been

460
00:24:53,200 --> 00:24:56,600
Speaker 3: the secretary of the NUBACP and an activist herself for

461
00:24:56,720 --> 00:24:59,479
Speaker 3: years by then, she must have been fully aware of

462
00:24:59,520 --> 00:25:03,720
Speaker 3: the potential outcome, which proved to be the actual outcome

463
00:25:03,800 --> 00:25:06,159
Speaker 3: from her arrest for not giving up her seat. But

464
00:25:06,520 --> 00:25:09,919
Speaker 3: the idea of saying that this was all staged it

465
00:25:09,960 --> 00:25:14,000
Speaker 3: does a couple of things. It's almost like a casually

466
00:25:14,119 --> 00:25:16,760
Speaker 3: racist way of just kind of diminishing it because it

467
00:25:17,000 --> 00:25:20,639
Speaker 3: does two things. One, it takes away her bravery, because

468
00:25:20,640 --> 00:25:24,440
Speaker 3: if it was, if it was staged, support the whole time.

469
00:25:25,119 --> 00:25:28,399
Speaker 3: It would have taken away a measure of fear. And

470
00:25:28,440 --> 00:25:32,240
Speaker 3: then secondly, it also makes the NAACP look kind of sneaky,

471
00:25:32,720 --> 00:25:35,960
Speaker 3: like there's socially engineering stuff and then pretending like that's

472
00:25:35,960 --> 00:25:38,800
Speaker 3: not the case. So I think by saying like, no,

473
00:25:38,960 --> 00:25:42,760
Speaker 3: this was staged, it really undermines the reality of the situation,

474
00:25:42,800 --> 00:25:45,560
Speaker 3: which is that this brave woman said she'd had enough.

475
00:25:46,600 --> 00:25:50,159
Speaker 2: Yeah, and you're right, she probably it probably occurred to

476
00:25:50,240 --> 00:25:53,320
Speaker 2: her the ramifications of this, but surely I bet you

477
00:25:53,359 --> 00:25:56,080
Speaker 2: anything in the moment she was just like, nope, nope,

478
00:25:56,240 --> 00:25:56,960
Speaker 2: not getting up.

479
00:25:58,320 --> 00:26:00,920
Speaker 3: That's what I understand, that's what she's always Yeah.

480
00:26:00,960 --> 00:26:04,760
Speaker 2: So here's what happened from there. She was arrested. Like

481
00:26:04,800 --> 00:26:07,400
Speaker 2: I said, she gets out on bail. Over that weekend,

482
00:26:07,480 --> 00:26:10,119
Speaker 2: a bunch of churches got together and they started talking

483
00:26:10,160 --> 00:26:14,960
Speaker 2: boycott on the winter trial comes around. It's a group

484
00:26:15,000 --> 00:26:18,200
Speaker 2: called the Women's Political Council, and they handed out thirty

485
00:26:18,240 --> 00:26:24,160
Speaker 2: five thousand handbills that basically said, please children, grown ups,

486
00:26:24,160 --> 00:26:27,000
Speaker 2: don't ride the bus at all on Monday. Please stay

487
00:26:27,040 --> 00:26:30,240
Speaker 2: off the buses on Monday. Let's really try and make

488
00:26:30,280 --> 00:26:33,560
Speaker 2: a difference here. Because it was I think at the time,

489
00:26:34,280 --> 00:26:39,200
Speaker 2: black people made up seventy five percent of the passengers. Yeah,

490
00:26:39,280 --> 00:26:42,320
Speaker 2: so it could have a real impact on the finances

491
00:26:42,320 --> 00:26:43,160
Speaker 2: of the bus company.

492
00:26:43,240 --> 00:26:45,920
Speaker 3: Yeah. And it just started out as a boycott for

493
00:26:46,359 --> 00:26:50,720
Speaker 3: one day, for the Monday following Rosa Park's rest, which

494
00:26:50,760 --> 00:26:53,760
Speaker 3: was that happened on a Thursday, and they were just

495
00:26:53,840 --> 00:26:57,200
Speaker 3: going to do it for one day. But the success

496
00:26:57,200 --> 00:27:00,560
Speaker 3: of it was so surprising. I think they were hoping

497
00:27:00,600 --> 00:27:03,800
Speaker 3: for like fifty percent reduction. It turned out I saw

498
00:27:04,040 --> 00:27:08,840
Speaker 3: both ninety and ninety nine percent reduction in ridership by

499
00:27:08,920 --> 00:27:10,560
Speaker 3: African Americans that day.

500
00:27:10,600 --> 00:27:12,960
Speaker 1: Right, and if they make up seventy five percent, that's.

501
00:27:12,840 --> 00:27:15,960
Speaker 3: A big loss for the city bus line, right for sure.

502
00:27:16,160 --> 00:27:18,719
Speaker 3: So it was such a success that they said, well,

503
00:27:18,800 --> 00:27:20,840
Speaker 3: let's maybe let's keep this going and see what we

504
00:27:20,880 --> 00:27:23,320
Speaker 3: can do with this. Because initially the demands of the

505
00:27:23,880 --> 00:27:29,360
Speaker 3: Montgomery bus boycott of nineteen fifty five was that one

506
00:27:29,400 --> 00:27:33,000
Speaker 3: of them was black black riders be treated with risk courtesy,

507
00:27:33,920 --> 00:27:41,159
Speaker 3: pretty low hanging request. Another one was that the seats

508
00:27:41,200 --> 00:27:43,600
Speaker 3: be given on a first come, first serve basis, which

509
00:27:43,640 --> 00:27:47,040
Speaker 3: was the law, and that black people sit from back

510
00:27:47,080 --> 00:27:49,959
Speaker 3: to front. White people sit from front to back. So

511
00:27:50,000 --> 00:27:52,520
Speaker 3: they were still saying like, we can keep the segregation,

512
00:27:53,080 --> 00:27:56,000
Speaker 3: but people shouldn't have to give up their seats. And

513
00:27:56,040 --> 00:27:59,360
Speaker 3: then the last one was they wanted black bus drivers

514
00:27:59,400 --> 00:28:03,480
Speaker 3: to be higher to drive the predominantly African American routes, right,

515
00:28:03,560 --> 00:28:06,720
Speaker 3: so that you didn't have to deal with an armed like,

516
00:28:06,840 --> 00:28:09,239
Speaker 3: oh yeah, an armed white bus driver because they were

517
00:28:09,320 --> 00:28:12,280
Speaker 3: armed and they had basically police powers to enforce segregation

518
00:28:12,400 --> 00:28:16,000
Speaker 3: on the bus. So the original boycott thing, their demands

519
00:28:16,000 --> 00:28:21,359
Speaker 3: were not extraordinarily radical. And when the boycott was a

520
00:28:21,400 --> 00:28:25,040
Speaker 3: success on that first Monday, they decided to extend it,

521
00:28:25,040 --> 00:28:28,000
Speaker 3: and they also decided maybe they should expand their demands

522
00:28:28,000 --> 00:28:28,600
Speaker 3: a little more.

523
00:28:28,880 --> 00:28:31,760
Speaker 2: So while all this is going on, she was found

524
00:28:31,800 --> 00:28:33,080
Speaker 2: guilty on that Monday.

525
00:28:33,840 --> 00:28:34,840
Speaker 1: She was fined ten.

526
00:28:34,720 --> 00:28:38,760
Speaker 2: Bucks plus court costs of four dollars for fourteen dollars total,

527
00:28:39,280 --> 00:28:42,960
Speaker 2: and said, nope, I'm going to appeal this conviction. She

528
00:28:43,120 --> 00:28:46,640
Speaker 2: challenged that basically she was what she was challenging was

529
00:28:46,640 --> 00:28:51,360
Speaker 2: segregation in general not being constitutional, right, And that ended

530
00:28:51,440 --> 00:28:54,320
Speaker 2: up being the argument that was, well, we'll get to

531
00:28:54,320 --> 00:28:56,840
Speaker 2: the court case and how it escalated. But she was

532
00:28:56,880 --> 00:29:01,680
Speaker 2: found guilty, and the other no notable thing that happened was.

533
00:29:03,240 --> 00:29:04,920
Speaker 1: One Ralph David Abernethy and.

534
00:29:04,960 --> 00:29:07,720
Speaker 2: Doctor Martin Luther King, who was a young minister in

535
00:29:07,760 --> 00:29:12,320
Speaker 2: town of Dexter Avenue Baptist. He was elected president of

536
00:29:12,360 --> 00:29:17,040
Speaker 2: what was called the MIA, the Montgomery Improvement Association, which

537
00:29:17,080 --> 00:29:19,760
Speaker 2: they formed because the success of the boycott.

538
00:29:20,080 --> 00:29:21,360
Speaker 1: So you have this new organization.

539
00:29:22,520 --> 00:29:25,680
Speaker 2: Then about a month later, month and a half, at

540
00:29:25,680 --> 00:29:28,920
Speaker 2: the end of January, Martin Luther King's home was bombed.

541
00:29:30,200 --> 00:29:33,920
Speaker 2: Everyone was unharmed in the incident, but it really ramped

542
00:29:34,000 --> 00:29:36,320
Speaker 2: up the stakes of what was going on.

543
00:29:37,200 --> 00:29:41,680
Speaker 3: Yeah, well for sure, and they apparently the Montgomery Improvement

544
00:29:41,720 --> 00:29:45,920
Speaker 3: Association is credited with making the boycott successful. And the

545
00:29:45,960 --> 00:29:48,600
Speaker 3: way that they made it successful was through a carpool

546
00:29:48,640 --> 00:29:51,720
Speaker 3: they set up. They bought a bunch of station wagons

547
00:29:52,160 --> 00:29:54,920
Speaker 3: and put them in the name of some of the

548
00:29:55,240 --> 00:30:00,000
Speaker 3: black churches in town. And these station wagons would be

549
00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:06,000
Speaker 3: basically recreate the bus routes. They drove predetermined routes and

550
00:30:06,080 --> 00:30:10,720
Speaker 3: they were giving like twenty thousand people a ride every day.

551
00:30:11,200 --> 00:30:14,120
Speaker 3: That's how successful this was. And they put such a

552
00:30:14,320 --> 00:30:20,000
Speaker 3: crimp in the finances of the city bus line that

553
00:30:20,160 --> 00:30:24,160
Speaker 3: a couple of things happened. One they had to layoff workers,

554
00:30:24,280 --> 00:30:28,280
Speaker 3: close down lines, raise their fares like it really hurt

555
00:30:28,400 --> 00:30:31,960
Speaker 3: the city bus lines. And then secondly, the city and

556
00:30:32,000 --> 00:30:36,200
Speaker 3: I believe maybe even the state sued the Montgomery Improvement

557
00:30:36,240 --> 00:30:41,000
Speaker 3: Association for this boycott, which was apparently illegal under a

558
00:30:41,080 --> 00:30:42,760
Speaker 3: nineteen twenty one Alabama law.

559
00:30:43,040 --> 00:30:47,240
Speaker 2: Yeah, they sued against the car service, specifically saying that

560
00:30:47,280 --> 00:30:50,560
Speaker 2: the bus company had an exclusive franchise, right, and they

561
00:30:50,560 --> 00:30:53,880
Speaker 2: did get an injunction in November of nineteen fifty six.

562
00:30:54,480 --> 00:30:56,920
Speaker 2: But all of this comes out of the fact that

563
00:30:57,040 --> 00:31:00,000
Speaker 2: in like thirty something years earlier, in nineteen twenty one,

564
00:31:00,840 --> 00:31:05,800
Speaker 2: Alabama passed an anti boycott Act which basically said that

565
00:31:07,360 --> 00:31:11,360
Speaker 2: it's illegal for you to not ride the bus in

566
00:31:11,360 --> 00:31:11,880
Speaker 2: this case.

567
00:31:12,200 --> 00:31:16,160
Speaker 3: In that case, sure or at least organize people and

568
00:31:16,280 --> 00:31:18,920
Speaker 3: get them to not ride the bus. Yeah, it was

569
00:31:18,960 --> 00:31:22,960
Speaker 3: something like it was a misdemeanor to organize against somebody

570
00:31:23,000 --> 00:31:25,600
Speaker 3: carrying out lawful business or whatever. So they were getting

571
00:31:25,640 --> 00:31:28,520
Speaker 3: them on two things, that boycott and then infringing on

572
00:31:28,600 --> 00:31:32,120
Speaker 3: the bus lines franchise in that city, right.

573
00:31:32,400 --> 00:31:34,520
Speaker 2: Right, So what do you do if you are suing

574
00:31:34,720 --> 00:31:38,440
Speaker 2: or sorry, if you're if you have an anti boycott act,

575
00:31:39,080 --> 00:31:41,280
Speaker 2: I mean, you can't arrest everyone. So they go after

576
00:31:42,760 --> 00:31:45,800
Speaker 2: I think eighty nine Martin Luther King Junior and eighty

577
00:31:45,880 --> 00:31:50,840
Speaker 2: nine other other members of the MIA and obviously because

578
00:31:50,880 --> 00:31:53,800
Speaker 2: they're the most how many of them twenty four more ministers,

579
00:31:54,160 --> 00:31:56,920
Speaker 2: they're the most prominent members. And he has find five

580
00:31:57,000 --> 00:31:59,880
Speaker 2: hundred bucks and spent a couple of weeks in jail.

581
00:32:00,280 --> 00:32:03,560
Speaker 3: They said, he's very proud of his crime. Should be yeah, sure.

582
00:32:03,640 --> 00:32:10,320
Speaker 3: So now Martin Luther King as appealing. So you've got

583
00:32:10,480 --> 00:32:14,280
Speaker 3: a few things going on here. You've got Rosa Parks

584
00:32:14,640 --> 00:32:17,800
Speaker 3: who has been convicted and now is appealing her ten

585
00:32:17,920 --> 00:32:21,520
Speaker 3: dollars plus four dollars in court costs fine for breaking

586
00:32:21,600 --> 00:32:24,560
Speaker 3: the city ordinance even though she didn't. You've got Martin

587
00:32:24,640 --> 00:32:29,040
Speaker 3: Luther King now who is appealing his five hundred dollars

588
00:32:29,040 --> 00:32:33,120
Speaker 3: fine for the boycott and the infringing on the bus

589
00:32:33,120 --> 00:32:36,120
Speaker 3: lines franchise. And then you have something else. You have

590
00:32:36,560 --> 00:32:41,840
Speaker 3: a class action suit called Browder versus Gail and was

591
00:32:42,840 --> 00:32:47,640
Speaker 3: named after oh what's her name, the woman who's the

592
00:32:48,440 --> 00:32:52,280
Speaker 3: lead plaintiff in the case. Her name is Aurelia S. Browder.

593
00:32:53,040 --> 00:32:56,960
Speaker 3: And the Gail in the case was the Montgomery The

594
00:32:57,000 --> 00:33:01,719
Speaker 3: Montgomery mayor I think William Gail and we'll talk about that. Well,

595
00:33:01,760 --> 00:33:03,480
Speaker 3: let's take a break and we'll talk about this case,

596
00:33:03,520 --> 00:33:07,760
Speaker 3: and we'll come back to the drumbeat of the court system.

597
00:33:07,880 --> 00:33:08,920
Speaker 3: Story end of kick In.

598
00:33:30,440 --> 00:33:34,840
Speaker 2: All right, So appeals run slow anyway, but in the South,

599
00:33:35,000 --> 00:33:38,200
Speaker 2: if it's a if it's a case like this, it's

600
00:33:38,240 --> 00:33:41,400
Speaker 2: going to go super slow because the hope from the

601
00:33:41,400 --> 00:33:44,520
Speaker 2: white establishment is, you know, maybe enough time I'll go

602
00:33:44,640 --> 00:33:47,320
Speaker 2: by time, I'll go buy and these people just sort

603
00:33:47,360 --> 00:33:49,800
Speaker 2: of get in line and forget about it, get tired

604
00:33:49,840 --> 00:33:51,680
Speaker 2: of this boycott and everything.

605
00:33:51,680 --> 00:33:52,640
Speaker 1: We'll just go back to normal.

606
00:33:52,840 --> 00:33:55,640
Speaker 3: Yeah, which is kind of a gamble because this boycott

607
00:33:55,720 --> 00:33:58,880
Speaker 3: was not showing any signs of cracking. So they were

608
00:33:58,920 --> 00:34:02,360
Speaker 3: basically making that bet on the back of the city

609
00:34:02,400 --> 00:34:05,520
Speaker 3: bus line and on the jobs of the drivers who

610
00:34:05,520 --> 00:34:07,880
Speaker 3: were being laid off because ridership was down so.

611
00:34:07,920 --> 00:34:10,879
Speaker 2: Low one days, three hundred and eighty one days right

612
00:34:10,920 --> 00:34:11,600
Speaker 2: for the boycott.

613
00:34:12,680 --> 00:34:16,480
Speaker 3: So, like I said, this court the drumbeat of the

614
00:34:16,520 --> 00:34:19,040
Speaker 3: court system was starting to grow a little bit louder.

615
00:34:19,560 --> 00:34:22,160
Speaker 3: And you had three big cases Martin Luther King's case,

616
00:34:22,840 --> 00:34:27,680
Speaker 3: Rosa Parks case, and you had Browder versus Gail and

617
00:34:27,719 --> 00:34:31,839
Speaker 3: ber versus Gail represented four women originally five, but four

618
00:34:31,880 --> 00:34:36,440
Speaker 3: women who had been convicted of breaking the law for

619
00:34:36,600 --> 00:34:41,200
Speaker 3: not giving up their seat on the bus in Montgomery.

620
00:34:41,560 --> 00:34:43,960
Speaker 3: One of them was claut At Colvin, another one was

621
00:34:44,320 --> 00:34:49,560
Speaker 3: Mary Louise Smith, I believe, and then Aurelia Browder and then.

622
00:34:49,520 --> 00:34:52,160
Speaker 1: Lastly was Susie McDonald.

623
00:34:52,280 --> 00:34:56,800
Speaker 3: Susie McDonald, right. So these four women got together, ensued

624
00:34:56,840 --> 00:35:00,319
Speaker 3: the mayor, the bus line, a few bus drivers, the

625
00:35:00,360 --> 00:35:04,000
Speaker 3: city Public Works Commission, just a big group of people,

626
00:35:04,040 --> 00:35:07,960
Speaker 3: and they were suing to all three of those cases

627
00:35:08,239 --> 00:35:12,680
Speaker 3: were suing the question the constitutionality and the legality of

628
00:35:13,360 --> 00:35:17,520
Speaker 3: segregation in general, but specifically on the bus lines. And

629
00:35:18,120 --> 00:35:21,319
Speaker 3: there was a talk at first by Freddie Gray, who

630
00:35:21,440 --> 00:35:27,040
Speaker 3: was the lead lawyer in the broader Egail, of including

631
00:35:27,320 --> 00:35:31,920
Speaker 3: Rosa Parks. But he very very wisely kept her separate

632
00:35:31,920 --> 00:35:34,600
Speaker 3: from that case because he said he wanted the courts

633
00:35:34,640 --> 00:35:37,200
Speaker 3: to just consider one thing, not whether Rosa Parks was

634
00:35:37,200 --> 00:35:41,839
Speaker 3: guilty or not, but whether the segregation on the Montgomery

635
00:35:41,880 --> 00:35:46,560
Speaker 3: buses was legal and constitutional. So he kept those separate

636
00:35:46,719 --> 00:35:47,840
Speaker 3: very very smartly.

637
00:35:48,040 --> 00:35:49,759
Speaker 2: Yeah. I think he knew that he could get this

638
00:35:49,880 --> 00:35:53,640
Speaker 2: to the Supreme Court this way. It was a test case,

639
00:35:53,680 --> 00:35:56,719
Speaker 2: and that was his ultimate goal because it was a

640
00:35:56,760 --> 00:36:00,400
Speaker 2: state statute though in the state Constitution of Alabama. It

641
00:36:00,440 --> 00:36:03,800
Speaker 2: was of course first brought before District Court, three judges

642
00:36:03,880 --> 00:36:06,759
Speaker 2: in US District Court on June fifth, nineteen fifty six.

643
00:36:07,200 --> 00:36:12,319
Speaker 2: They ruled two to one that segregation was unconstitutional. Of course,

644
00:36:12,320 --> 00:36:16,160
Speaker 2: they cited Brown Versusportive Education as president, and it eventually

645
00:36:16,160 --> 00:36:19,040
Speaker 2: wound its way to the Supreme Court in nineteen fifty

646
00:36:19,080 --> 00:36:21,360
Speaker 2: six on December seventeenth.

647
00:36:21,400 --> 00:36:22,680
Speaker 1: Actually that was pretty quick.

648
00:36:22,520 --> 00:36:27,760
Speaker 2: Yeah, considering Yeah, and they rejected all appeals and voted

649
00:36:27,960 --> 00:36:31,120
Speaker 2: nine to nothing, nine to zero that it was unconstitutional.

650
00:36:31,200 --> 00:36:35,080
Speaker 3: Yep, nine to nothing, which is I mean, that's really

651
00:36:35,120 --> 00:36:38,400
Speaker 3: saying something unanimous Supreme Court decision regarding segregation.

652
00:36:38,760 --> 00:36:39,960
Speaker 1: Yeah, in the nineteen fifties.

653
00:36:40,120 --> 00:36:44,080
Speaker 3: Yeah, so that was a that was huge. I think

654
00:36:44,560 --> 00:36:47,480
Speaker 3: doctor King was in court that day when he was

655
00:36:47,520 --> 00:36:50,680
Speaker 3: told by a reporter about that decision, the Supreme Court decision,

656
00:36:51,520 --> 00:36:56,560
Speaker 3: and even after he said, we're keeping up the boycott

657
00:36:56,760 --> 00:37:00,759
Speaker 3: because well, when they implement this d sgregation on the

658
00:37:00,760 --> 00:37:04,520
Speaker 3: buses will stop the boycott. And after the Supreme Court

659
00:37:04,600 --> 00:37:08,560
Speaker 3: ruling came through, the city of Montgomery saw pretty clearly

660
00:37:08,640 --> 00:37:10,960
Speaker 3: that there wasn't any way to keep this up any longer.

661
00:37:11,080 --> 00:37:14,600
Speaker 3: And I believe within three days the buses were desegregated.

662
00:37:14,920 --> 00:37:17,440
Speaker 3: And on the first day that they were desegregated, Rosa

663
00:37:17,480 --> 00:37:20,520
Speaker 3: Parks took her seat on a bus in the front row,

664
00:37:20,600 --> 00:37:21,120
Speaker 3: I believe.

665
00:37:21,800 --> 00:37:23,800
Speaker 1: Yeah, they hired black bus drivers.

666
00:37:24,200 --> 00:37:26,800
Speaker 2: And this is after, by the way, three hundred and

667
00:37:26,840 --> 00:37:29,760
Speaker 2: eighty one days of a total sales loss of sixty

668
00:37:29,760 --> 00:37:30,760
Speaker 2: five percent.

669
00:37:31,480 --> 00:37:35,000
Speaker 3: So yeah, And on the other side, Ralph David Abernethy's

670
00:37:35,000 --> 00:37:38,880
Speaker 3: home was bombed. Martin Luther King's home was bombed. People

671
00:37:38,880 --> 00:37:42,000
Speaker 3: were in jail, people were in court. It was a

672
00:37:42,000 --> 00:37:43,680
Speaker 3: big struggle down in Montgomery.

673
00:37:43,840 --> 00:37:44,440
Speaker 1: Yeah.

674
00:37:44,480 --> 00:37:48,719
Speaker 2: So on December twenty first, doctor King and his white friend,

675
00:37:48,800 --> 00:37:51,560
Speaker 2: Reverend Glynn Smiley sat together on the front row with

676
00:37:51,680 --> 00:37:55,120
Speaker 2: Ralph David Abernethy Street here in Atlanta. Yea name for him,

677
00:37:55,800 --> 00:37:59,960
Speaker 2: Edie Dixon and Fred Gray, the attorney that saw that case.

678
00:38:00,200 --> 00:38:03,360
Speaker 3: Right. So that was a huge thing that did a

679
00:38:03,440 --> 00:38:06,680
Speaker 3: number of things. It made Rosa Parks and icon. It

680
00:38:06,760 --> 00:38:10,719
Speaker 3: projected Martin Luther King into the national spotlight. That was

681
00:38:10,760 --> 00:38:16,000
Speaker 3: basically where he first found national fame and basically was like, well,

682
00:38:16,040 --> 00:38:18,080
Speaker 3: this guy's the leader of the civil rights movement now,

683
00:38:19,239 --> 00:38:23,160
Speaker 3: and it also was a huge domino in the idea

684
00:38:23,320 --> 00:38:27,400
Speaker 3: of desegregation in general, not just on buses, not just

685
00:38:27,440 --> 00:38:31,560
Speaker 3: in Montgomery, but the concept it followed in the wake

686
00:38:31,680 --> 00:38:35,000
Speaker 3: of plus e v. Ferguson which it was just one

687
00:38:35,000 --> 00:38:41,240
Speaker 3: of those court cases that said separate facilities is inherently racist,

688
00:38:41,239 --> 00:38:44,319
Speaker 3: because the only reason you would have separate facilities is

689
00:38:44,400 --> 00:38:47,680
Speaker 3: because you think one group is superior over the other

690
00:38:47,760 --> 00:38:53,000
Speaker 3: and they shouldn't have to consort or mix. That's inherently unconstitutional.

691
00:38:53,160 --> 00:38:55,719
Speaker 3: And this was one of those dominoes that fell in

692
00:38:55,800 --> 00:38:59,040
Speaker 3: that chain that led to desegregation across the Jim Crow

693
00:38:59,120 --> 00:39:04,799
Speaker 3: South And and like a laser, this particular case and

694
00:39:04,840 --> 00:39:10,320
Speaker 3: the changes it brought were focused right onto Rosa Parks,

695
00:39:11,120 --> 00:39:14,200
Speaker 3: her act, her courage, what she did.

696
00:39:14,560 --> 00:39:18,640
Speaker 1: Yeah, and this was this was within our parents' lifetime.

697
00:39:18,760 --> 00:39:20,600
Speaker 3: I know, I was wondering. I was like, why am

698
00:39:20,680 --> 00:39:22,840
Speaker 3: I so much more jazzed about this than Harriet Tubman.

699
00:39:23,000 --> 00:39:26,400
Speaker 3: I love Harriet Tubsman Tubman's story. Yeah, but I remember

700
00:39:26,440 --> 00:39:28,360
Speaker 3: when I was researching, I wasn't new these jazz and

701
00:39:28,440 --> 00:39:31,440
Speaker 3: I realized, like, I can relate to this woman so

702
00:39:31,600 --> 00:39:35,160
Speaker 3: much better. Just because this is pretty pretty recent, you know.

703
00:39:35,520 --> 00:39:39,480
Speaker 2: Well, yeah, and just the notion that where we are

704
00:39:39,520 --> 00:39:43,959
Speaker 2: as a country now racially, this was not that long ago.

705
00:39:44,719 --> 00:39:47,600
Speaker 2: So for the people in the camp of saying just

706
00:39:47,680 --> 00:39:51,680
Speaker 2: get over things, African Americans, just get over things, it's

707
00:39:51,760 --> 00:39:54,560
Speaker 2: like this was not hundreds and hundreds of years ago.

708
00:39:55,040 --> 00:39:59,120
Speaker 2: This was very recently. These like my peers parents had

709
00:39:59,120 --> 00:39:59,759
Speaker 2: to live through this.

710
00:40:00,239 --> 00:40:03,880
Speaker 3: Well, one thing Rosa Parks is now known for what

711
00:40:03,880 --> 00:40:08,200
Speaker 3: they didn't realize before is, you know, her act in

712
00:40:08,239 --> 00:40:10,279
Speaker 3: like the civil rights movement that grew out of over

713
00:40:10,400 --> 00:40:14,520
Speaker 3: like the next ten years, fifteen years. There's this idea

714
00:40:14,560 --> 00:40:17,560
Speaker 3: that around nineteen seventy there was a button put on

715
00:40:17,600 --> 00:40:20,400
Speaker 3: that and it was like, you guys were successful. Wait

716
00:40:20,480 --> 00:40:23,880
Speaker 3: to go, we can stop doing this now. Rosa Parks

717
00:40:23,920 --> 00:40:26,800
Speaker 3: was like, no, no, it's not done. This hasn't changed.

718
00:40:26,840 --> 00:40:29,440
Speaker 3: Up until she died in two thousand and five, she

719
00:40:29,560 --> 00:40:32,160
Speaker 3: was like, this struggle is still continuing.

720
00:40:32,360 --> 00:40:32,600
Speaker 1: Yeah.

721
00:40:32,760 --> 00:40:36,160
Speaker 3: People didn't realize that about her until this collection was opened.

722
00:40:36,520 --> 00:40:38,439
Speaker 1: Yeah, this all came.

723
00:40:40,000 --> 00:40:43,520
Speaker 2: There was significant cost to her family, to her her husband.

724
00:40:45,080 --> 00:40:48,480
Speaker 2: Her and her husband both suffered through stomach ulcers because

725
00:40:48,520 --> 00:40:54,080
Speaker 2: of this. They lost their jobs. Eventually they left Alabama

726
00:40:54,520 --> 00:40:57,440
Speaker 2: said and let's go to Virginia. And Virginia wasn't a

727
00:40:57,480 --> 00:40:59,960
Speaker 2: whole lot better. They said, all right, let's go to Detroit.

728
00:41:00,400 --> 00:41:03,680
Speaker 2: Kept going north, and then finally, after not having a

729
00:41:03,719 --> 00:41:06,160
Speaker 2: job for a long time, she was hired as secretary

730
00:41:06,760 --> 00:41:12,280
Speaker 2: for John Conyers, a brand new, brand newly elected black

731
00:41:12,280 --> 00:41:15,880
Speaker 2: congressman who she would work for for twenty three years.

732
00:41:15,960 --> 00:41:19,200
Speaker 2: And mister Conyers, you know, he was the one who

733
00:41:19,239 --> 00:41:22,960
Speaker 2: stepped down last year after sexual assault allegations after serving many,

734
00:41:23,000 --> 00:41:26,120
Speaker 2: many years in Congress, and was a civil rights icon.

735
00:41:26,200 --> 00:41:28,359
Speaker 1: So it's kind of a.

736
00:41:27,880 --> 00:41:32,399
Speaker 2: Very sad ending to that story, but Rosa worked for him.

737
00:41:32,520 --> 00:41:36,960
Speaker 2: In seventy seven, her husband, James died of cancer, her

738
00:41:37,000 --> 00:41:40,200
Speaker 2: brother died of cancer three months later, her mom died

739
00:41:40,200 --> 00:41:42,680
Speaker 2: two years after that. But I get the sense that

740
00:41:42,760 --> 00:41:46,960
Speaker 2: after that, it really it really kind of freed her

741
00:41:47,000 --> 00:41:49,600
Speaker 2: to really go back to work and devote herself once

742
00:41:49,640 --> 00:41:53,239
Speaker 2: again to the cause, because after those family members passed away,

743
00:41:53,600 --> 00:41:58,560
Speaker 2: she established the Rosa Parks Scholarship Foundation in the Rosa

744
00:41:58,640 --> 00:42:03,960
Speaker 2: and Raymond Parks Institute for Self Development and wrote two memoirs. Yeah,

745
00:42:04,040 --> 00:42:07,400
Speaker 2: she was busy, she was, and then very sadly, I know.

746
00:42:07,600 --> 00:42:11,719
Speaker 2: I remember this in nineteen ninety four when she was

747
00:42:11,719 --> 00:42:13,520
Speaker 2: home invaded and robbed.

748
00:42:13,640 --> 00:42:15,120
Speaker 1: Yeah, hit over the.

749
00:42:15,040 --> 00:42:17,080
Speaker 3: Head by a guy named Joseph Skipper.

750
00:42:17,280 --> 00:42:22,520
Speaker 1: Yeah, man, that was just like, I mean, for kidding.

751
00:42:22,239 --> 00:42:25,640
Speaker 3: Me with that for fifty eight bucks.

752
00:42:24,640 --> 00:42:30,360
Speaker 2: Of all the houses to accidentally break into. Yeah, what

753
00:42:30,400 --> 00:42:31,640
Speaker 2: do you think you knew it was Rosa Parks.

754
00:42:31,680 --> 00:42:34,000
Speaker 3: I don't know. I don't know, but he I've.

755
00:42:33,880 --> 00:42:35,720
Speaker 1: Seen nothing to indicate that that was true.

756
00:42:35,800 --> 00:42:40,160
Speaker 3: He knew that that he would go down as the

757
00:42:40,200 --> 00:42:43,800
Speaker 3: man who robbed and beat Rosa Parks. Oh well yeah,

758
00:42:43,840 --> 00:42:46,920
Speaker 3: so yeah, I don't I don't think he was she

759
00:42:47,120 --> 00:42:50,600
Speaker 3: was targeted because she was Rosa Parks or anything like that.

760
00:42:50,680 --> 00:42:53,440
Speaker 3: I think she's just a little old lady. The impression

761
00:42:53,480 --> 00:42:55,200
Speaker 3: I have is it doesn't matter if she was Rosa

762
00:42:55,239 --> 00:42:57,960
Speaker 3: Parks or not. Sure, you know what I'm saying. Yeah, yeah,

763
00:42:58,000 --> 00:43:02,360
Speaker 3: so she That was ninety four, and then like right afterward,

764
00:43:02,440 --> 00:43:07,160
Speaker 3: there was a huge national outcry and she moved into

765
00:43:07,360 --> 00:43:10,919
Speaker 3: a very secure high rise in Detroit, where she lived

766
00:43:11,000 --> 00:43:13,120
Speaker 3: until she died in two thousand and five. I believe

767
00:43:13,160 --> 00:43:13,799
Speaker 3: she died in that.

768
00:43:13,800 --> 00:43:18,720
Speaker 2: Apartment ninety two years young, and she had a slew

769
00:43:18,800 --> 00:43:24,080
Speaker 2: of honors, unprecedented honors in this country. She was transported

770
00:43:24,120 --> 00:43:27,319
Speaker 2: her body to Washington, d C. And she laid an

771
00:43:27,320 --> 00:43:30,799
Speaker 2: honor under the rotunda the US capital. First woman, yep

772
00:43:30,920 --> 00:43:34,200
Speaker 2: to get that honor, the second African American and the

773
00:43:34,239 --> 00:43:38,320
Speaker 2: first non government American ever to have this honor.

774
00:43:38,440 --> 00:43:41,200
Speaker 3: Yep. I mean that is a high honor.

775
00:43:41,400 --> 00:43:41,720
Speaker 1: Yeah.

776
00:43:42,080 --> 00:43:46,360
Speaker 3: When she died, every flag on public land in the

777
00:43:46,480 --> 00:43:50,200
Speaker 3: United States and around the world was flown at half mast,

778
00:43:50,800 --> 00:43:52,799
Speaker 3: which is pretty pretty great too.

779
00:43:53,000 --> 00:43:53,239
Speaker 1: Yeah.

780
00:43:53,320 --> 00:43:56,960
Speaker 2: George W. Bush made sure that happened. And then here's

781
00:43:57,000 --> 00:44:01,640
Speaker 2: just some of her lifetime achievement awards. INAACP gave her

782
00:44:01,760 --> 00:44:04,719
Speaker 2: what's called the Sping Garden Medal in nineteen seventy nine,

783
00:44:05,320 --> 00:44:08,400
Speaker 2: their highest honor. She's in the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame,

784
00:44:09,000 --> 00:44:11,000
Speaker 2: Martin Luther King Junior Award nineteen eighty.

785
00:44:12,560 --> 00:44:15,120
Speaker 3: You could have just stopped at the Michigan Hall of.

786
00:44:15,080 --> 00:44:20,040
Speaker 2: Fame, Michigan Women's Hall of Fame, the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

787
00:44:20,200 --> 00:44:21,520
Speaker 1: In nineteen ninety six.

788
00:44:21,840 --> 00:44:24,920
Speaker 3: Congressional Michigan Women's Hall of Fame.

789
00:44:24,760 --> 00:44:28,000
Speaker 1: Congressional Gold Medal. No, now we're in a contest.

790
00:44:28,960 --> 00:44:30,719
Speaker 2: Time magazine named her was one of the twenty most

791
00:44:30,760 --> 00:44:33,240
Speaker 2: influential and iconic figures of the twentieth century.

792
00:44:33,280 --> 00:44:34,560
Speaker 3: It's a big one, okay.

793
00:44:35,560 --> 00:44:37,000
Speaker 1: And then yeah, he mentioned George W.

794
00:44:37,040 --> 00:44:40,480
Speaker 2: Bush ordered half mass flags in two thousand and five.

795
00:44:40,719 --> 00:44:43,560
Speaker 3: So again there was this idea that she was just

796
00:44:43,960 --> 00:44:48,560
Speaker 3: a tired, little old lady who was quietly brave and

797
00:44:48,640 --> 00:44:50,440
Speaker 3: didn't give up her seat, and she was kind of

798
00:44:50,480 --> 00:44:57,000
Speaker 3: meek and quiet. And in twenty fourteen, her personal collection,

799
00:44:57,040 --> 00:45:00,000
Speaker 3: the Rosa Parks Collection, was sold to the Howard Buffett Foundation,

800
00:45:00,680 --> 00:45:04,200
Speaker 3: Warren Buffett's son. They bought it for a song at

801
00:45:04,239 --> 00:45:07,000
Speaker 3: like four and a half million dollars, and it's something

802
00:45:07,040 --> 00:45:09,200
Speaker 3: like I think sixty five hundred documents and twenty five

803
00:45:09,320 --> 00:45:14,960
Speaker 3: hundred photographs, and it is her personal papers, like notes

804
00:45:15,000 --> 00:45:20,440
Speaker 3: for speeches, notes for her books, I believe, correspondence, and

805
00:45:20,520 --> 00:45:23,520
Speaker 3: it paints this picture that no one had of her before,

806
00:45:23,600 --> 00:45:26,400
Speaker 3: which was no like this lady was an activist. They

807
00:45:26,520 --> 00:45:29,399
Speaker 3: went through her whole life. She was an activist who

808
00:45:30,520 --> 00:45:34,160
Speaker 3: wanted to talk about and agitate for the rights of

809
00:45:34,239 --> 00:45:38,400
Speaker 3: black Americans and how messed up the situation was that

810
00:45:38,440 --> 00:45:42,279
Speaker 3: they lived in and that she wouldn't normalize this, she

811
00:45:43,080 --> 00:45:46,360
Speaker 3: would learn to deal with it. As much as she

812
00:45:46,440 --> 00:45:49,839
Speaker 3: needed to while she was working to change it. And

813
00:45:49,880 --> 00:45:52,040
Speaker 3: it was just a surprise to a lot of people

814
00:45:52,080 --> 00:45:55,640
Speaker 3: when they cracked open these papers and found that picture

815
00:45:55,680 --> 00:45:56,040
Speaker 3: of her.

816
00:45:56,400 --> 00:45:56,600
Speaker 1: Yeah.

817
00:45:56,640 --> 00:45:59,160
Speaker 2: I also want to shout out article how history got

818
00:45:59,200 --> 00:46:02,720
Speaker 2: the Roads of Park story wrong. And this was written

819
00:46:02,719 --> 00:46:05,959
Speaker 2: by the same person who wrote the award winning book

820
00:46:05,960 --> 00:46:08,840
Speaker 2: The Rebellious Life of Missus Rosa Parks. Her name is

821
00:46:09,239 --> 00:46:16,799
Speaker 2: Jeane Theo Harris. Theohis it's all one word. Yeah, I

822
00:46:16,840 --> 00:46:18,560
Speaker 2: know it sounds like it should be hyphenated.

823
00:46:18,640 --> 00:46:20,920
Speaker 3: It's really easy to say, but how do you say it?

824
00:46:21,000 --> 00:46:22,320
Speaker 1: I have no idea, I know.

825
00:46:22,400 --> 00:46:27,160
Speaker 2: But she's professor Professor of Polysi at Brooklyn College of

826
00:46:27,480 --> 00:46:28,120
Speaker 2: c U n Y.

827
00:46:28,520 --> 00:46:28,719
Speaker 3: Yep.

828
00:46:29,880 --> 00:46:32,280
Speaker 1: Man, great lady, yep.

829
00:46:33,120 --> 00:46:36,200
Speaker 3: So if you want to know more about Rosa Parks,

830
00:46:36,800 --> 00:46:39,000
Speaker 3: go out on the internet. Educate yourself.

831
00:46:39,239 --> 00:46:41,440
Speaker 1: I don't seen that movie. Have you seen that? No?

832
00:46:41,840 --> 00:46:43,640
Speaker 1: The about the bus boycott?

833
00:46:43,800 --> 00:46:47,040
Speaker 3: No, I mean it was a significant event. I had

834
00:46:47,040 --> 00:46:52,520
Speaker 3: no idea. Okay, well, I think I said go search

835
00:46:52,560 --> 00:46:54,640
Speaker 3: stuff in there somewhere. So that means it's time for

836
00:46:54,719 --> 00:46:55,440
Speaker 3: listener maw.

837
00:46:57,719 --> 00:47:02,120
Speaker 2: I'm gonna call this oh all right, hey, guys, let

838
00:47:02,160 --> 00:47:04,840
Speaker 2: me start off by saying enjoyed the podcast very much fine.

839
00:47:04,880 --> 00:47:08,439
Speaker 2: Aside from being interesting and entertaining, it very much helps

840
00:47:08,480 --> 00:47:09,320
Speaker 2: my time in the car.

841
00:47:09,880 --> 00:47:13,000
Speaker 3: We get that a lot sure commute helps people would

842
00:47:13,000 --> 00:47:14,960
Speaker 3: go insane if it weren't for us.

843
00:47:16,239 --> 00:47:18,640
Speaker 2: Several episodes ago, I believe Chuck mentioned that you love

844
00:47:18,719 --> 00:47:19,279
Speaker 2: tiny things.

845
00:47:19,400 --> 00:47:19,680
Speaker 1: I do.

846
00:47:20,520 --> 00:47:25,040
Speaker 2: Josh likes things that are grossly oversized. That giant pocket

847
00:47:25,040 --> 00:47:25,600
Speaker 2: watch over.

848
00:47:25,480 --> 00:47:27,040
Speaker 1: There, Yeah it's kind of a pain.

849
00:47:27,120 --> 00:47:27,600
Speaker 3: I'm wearing it.

850
00:47:29,680 --> 00:47:32,920
Speaker 2: He mentioned loving tiny things, there are something extraordinarily satisfying

851
00:47:32,960 --> 00:47:35,440
Speaker 2: about them. I agree. I love tiny things. Would be

852
00:47:35,480 --> 00:47:39,319
Speaker 2: remiss if I did not bring bring you to the

853
00:47:39,480 --> 00:47:41,200
Speaker 2: Museum of Jurassic Technology.

854
00:47:41,880 --> 00:47:42,720
Speaker 3: I love that place.

855
00:47:43,000 --> 00:47:45,799
Speaker 2: I know I've been there too. It's in Los Angeles.

856
00:47:46,480 --> 00:47:49,280
Speaker 2: There are not one, but two fantastic exhibits of tiny things.

857
00:47:49,719 --> 00:47:53,160
Speaker 2: I have the needle in micro mosaics. I don't think

858
00:47:53,160 --> 00:47:53,960
Speaker 2: I saw those, did you?

859
00:47:54,520 --> 00:47:57,319
Speaker 3: The tiny thing I remember was like the dioramas of

860
00:47:57,360 --> 00:48:02,120
Speaker 3: the trailers. I have the needle. I remember that. Oh yeah, yeah,

861
00:48:02,200 --> 00:48:04,360
Speaker 3: I don't remember the micro mosaics.

862
00:48:03,880 --> 00:48:06,759
Speaker 1: Though I haven't been in many years. Though, yeah, I

863
00:48:06,800 --> 00:48:08,319
Speaker 1: have the needle features delightful.

864
00:48:07,960 --> 00:48:10,680
Speaker 2: Whimsical miniature sculpture is actually small enough to fit into

865
00:48:10,719 --> 00:48:11,360
Speaker 2: the eye of a needle.

866
00:48:11,600 --> 00:48:13,920
Speaker 1: Oh, there you go. That's a little too small for me.

867
00:48:14,440 --> 00:48:16,080
Speaker 3: Okay, so you like so you like?

868
00:48:16,440 --> 00:48:18,440
Speaker 1: I like the tiny Tabasco bottles that you get in there.

869
00:48:19,080 --> 00:48:20,880
Speaker 3: You like to feel like you're a giant, not like

870
00:48:20,920 --> 00:48:21,400
Speaker 3: a god.

871
00:48:21,920 --> 00:48:24,400
Speaker 1: Yeah, gotcha, exactly. I just want to be taller.

872
00:48:25,400 --> 00:48:29,040
Speaker 2: The micro mosaics exhibit also requires a magnifying glass to enjoy.

873
00:48:29,320 --> 00:48:31,759
Speaker 2: However beautiful, this exhibit has a slightly creepy.

874
00:48:31,480 --> 00:48:32,200
Speaker 1: Aspect to it.

875
00:48:32,520 --> 00:48:36,400
Speaker 2: The tiny mosaic pieces are in fact bits of butterfly wings.

876
00:48:37,520 --> 00:48:41,440
Speaker 1: Yeah, that's not too creepy. Oh, I mean they kill

877
00:48:41,480 --> 00:48:42,080
Speaker 1: the butterflies?

878
00:48:42,200 --> 00:48:44,960
Speaker 3: Depends. Yeah, how'd they come across those wings? Where do

879
00:48:45,000 --> 00:48:45,600
Speaker 3: they rogue kill?

880
00:48:45,640 --> 00:48:49,920
Speaker 2: If so, that's fine, Yeah, what a job, go out

881
00:48:49,920 --> 00:48:51,680
Speaker 2: and just try and find dead butterflies.

882
00:48:51,800 --> 00:48:52,960
Speaker 1: Yeah.

883
00:48:53,000 --> 00:48:55,000
Speaker 2: All in all, these exhibits of a wonderful field of

884
00:48:55,000 --> 00:48:58,440
Speaker 2: magic Realism. Museum also features a lovely rooftop garden as

885
00:48:58,480 --> 00:49:01,879
Speaker 2: well of a meditative tea room to enjoy complimentary cup

886
00:49:01,920 --> 00:49:02,200
Speaker 2: of tea.

887
00:49:03,080 --> 00:49:06,760
Speaker 1: Interesting. That is all guys, cheers from Sandra Williams.

888
00:49:06,920 --> 00:49:09,000
Speaker 3: Thanks a lot for the shout out, Sandra. That is

889
00:49:09,239 --> 00:49:11,640
Speaker 3: indeed a great place if you're ever in Los Angeles,

890
00:49:11,640 --> 00:49:15,680
Speaker 3: everybody go check out the Museum of Jurassic Technology. Just

891
00:49:15,719 --> 00:49:17,640
Speaker 3: going with your mind open and thank us later.

892
00:49:17,760 --> 00:49:19,440
Speaker 1: Yeah, get out of Ripley's Believe it or.

893
00:49:19,400 --> 00:49:20,720
Speaker 3: Not, We'll go both.

894
00:49:21,520 --> 00:49:25,680
Speaker 1: You know, sure I said get out of Ripley's Believe

895
00:49:25,680 --> 00:49:25,960
Speaker 1: it or not?

896
00:49:26,160 --> 00:49:29,440
Speaker 3: Okay? Yeah, But I mean Jack Palance, man, how do

897
00:49:29,440 --> 00:49:30,279
Speaker 3: you pass that guy?

898
00:49:30,960 --> 00:49:31,600
Speaker 1: I don't get it.

899
00:49:31,880 --> 00:49:34,720
Speaker 3: Remember he was the host of the TV show.

900
00:49:36,800 --> 00:49:37,080
Speaker 1: Or Not.

901
00:49:37,480 --> 00:49:40,799
Speaker 2: Yeah, my brother worked with him on City Slickers too,

902
00:49:41,560 --> 00:49:44,520
Speaker 2: and there was one story where, you know, he's kind

903
00:49:44,520 --> 00:49:46,719
Speaker 2: of old at the time, where Scott as the ad

904
00:49:46,920 --> 00:49:49,000
Speaker 2: is to walk him. Second ad is to walk the

905
00:49:49,040 --> 00:49:51,520
Speaker 2: talent to the set from their trailer, and that was

906
00:49:51,880 --> 00:49:54,160
Speaker 2: through the desert, the rocky desert, and Scott was like,

907
00:49:54,560 --> 00:49:56,239
Speaker 2: you know, look out for that wrong, mister Palence or

908
00:49:56,280 --> 00:49:58,200
Speaker 2: something like that. And one day he was just like,

909
00:49:58,400 --> 00:49:59,959
Speaker 2: I don't need you to tell me how to walk,

910
00:50:02,200 --> 00:50:05,080
Speaker 2: Scott like shrank down. Of course I can't remember if

911
00:50:05,120 --> 00:50:06,040
Speaker 2: that's exactly.

912
00:50:05,680 --> 00:50:08,319
Speaker 3: What you said, but but I'll bet I'll bet Jack

913
00:50:08,440 --> 00:50:11,640
Speaker 3: Palance felt so bad for yelling at Scott, of all people,

914
00:50:11,719 --> 00:50:12,319
Speaker 3: I doubt it.

915
00:50:12,640 --> 00:50:15,160
Speaker 2: You know, it's Scott and he didn't delight in Scott

916
00:50:15,239 --> 00:50:16,080
Speaker 2: like everyone else does.

917
00:50:16,840 --> 00:50:19,960
Speaker 3: Jackal Yeah, Well, if you want to tell us how

918
00:50:20,000 --> 00:50:21,680
Speaker 3: great you think Scott is, you can send us all

919
00:50:21,719 --> 00:50:25,080
Speaker 3: an email, including Jerry. It's a stuff podcast at HowStuffWorks

920
00:50:25,080 --> 00:50:27,319
Speaker 3: dot com has always joined us at our home on

921
00:50:27,360 --> 00:50:32,160
Speaker 3: the web, Stuff Youshould Know dot Com.

922
00:50:32,320 --> 00:50:35,200
Speaker 1: Stuff You Should Know is a production of iHeartRadio. For

923
00:50:35,280 --> 00:50:39,480
Speaker 1: more podcasts my heart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts,

924
00:50:39,600 --> 00:50:41,440
Speaker 1: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.