1 00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:03,239 Speaker 1: Hey, history enthusiasts, you get not one, but two events 2 00:00:03,240 --> 00:00:05,960 Speaker 1: in history today. Heads up that you also might hear 3 00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:10,039 Speaker 1: two different hosts, me and Tracy V. Wilson. With that said, 4 00:00:10,160 --> 00:00:13,680 Speaker 1: on with the show. Welcome to this Day in History 5 00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:16,239 Speaker 1: Class from how Stuff Works dot Com and from the 6 00:00:16,280 --> 00:00:18,480 Speaker 1: desk of Stuff you Missed in History Class. It's the 7 00:00:18,480 --> 00:00:20,759 Speaker 1: show where we explore the past, one day at a 8 00:00:20,800 --> 00:00:28,160 Speaker 1: time with a quick look at what happened today in history. Hello, 9 00:00:28,200 --> 00:00:30,920 Speaker 1: and welcome to the podcast. I'm Tracy V. Wilson and 10 00:00:30,920 --> 00:00:35,920 Speaker 1: it's September. On this day in Swami Vivicnonda gave a 11 00:00:36,000 --> 00:00:40,200 Speaker 1: groundbreaking speech on Hinduism at the World's Parliament of Religions 12 00:00:40,280 --> 00:00:44,120 Speaker 1: in Chicago. This parliament was part of the Colombian Exposition 13 00:00:44,159 --> 00:00:47,400 Speaker 1: in Chicago, also known as the Chicago World's Fair. It 14 00:00:47,520 --> 00:00:51,120 Speaker 1: was sponsored by the Unitarians and Universalists of the Free 15 00:00:51,240 --> 00:00:57,440 Speaker 1: Religious Association. This was an international interfaith dialogue representing ten 16 00:00:57,720 --> 00:01:01,640 Speaker 1: world religions. Vivic and Ona's speech is known as the 17 00:01:01,800 --> 00:01:04,960 Speaker 1: Brothers and Sisters of America's Speech, although it's not totally 18 00:01:05,000 --> 00:01:08,280 Speaker 1: clear whether he used those exact words in it. It 19 00:01:08,319 --> 00:01:12,200 Speaker 1: began quote, it fills my heart with joy unspeakable to 20 00:01:12,480 --> 00:01:15,759 Speaker 1: rise in response to the warm and cordial welcome which 21 00:01:15,800 --> 00:01:18,280 Speaker 1: you have given us. I thank you in the name 22 00:01:18,520 --> 00:01:20,759 Speaker 1: of the most ancient order of monks in the world. 23 00:01:21,240 --> 00:01:23,759 Speaker 1: I thank you in the name of the Mother of religions, 24 00:01:23,920 --> 00:01:25,920 Speaker 1: and I thank you in the name of millions and 25 00:01:25,959 --> 00:01:30,280 Speaker 1: millions of Hindu people of all classes and sex. Later on, 26 00:01:30,360 --> 00:01:32,560 Speaker 1: he said quote, I am proud to belong to a 27 00:01:32,640 --> 00:01:36,800 Speaker 1: religion which has taught the world both tolerance and universal acceptance. 28 00:01:37,319 --> 00:01:41,160 Speaker 1: We believe not only in universal toleration, but we accept 29 00:01:41,240 --> 00:01:44,160 Speaker 1: all religions. Is true. I am proud to belong to 30 00:01:44,160 --> 00:01:47,200 Speaker 1: a nation which has sheltered the persecuted and the refugees 31 00:01:47,600 --> 00:01:50,160 Speaker 1: of all religions and all nations on the earth. This 32 00:01:50,360 --> 00:01:54,440 Speaker 1: was really a message of peace and tolerance. On the day, 33 00:01:54,480 --> 00:01:57,400 Speaker 1: he received a standing ovation and he became the first 34 00:01:57,520 --> 00:02:00,560 Speaker 1: Hindu monk from India to visit and teach in the 35 00:02:00,640 --> 00:02:03,800 Speaker 1: United States. He came to the United States, though not 36 00:02:03,880 --> 00:02:06,240 Speaker 1: with the hope of proselytizing, but with the hope of 37 00:02:06,280 --> 00:02:09,800 Speaker 1: getting financial help to assist the people of India. He 38 00:02:09,880 --> 00:02:12,919 Speaker 1: also wanted to introduce the Western world to his sect 39 00:02:13,040 --> 00:02:16,520 Speaker 1: of Hinduism. He really spoke for a Hinduism that was 40 00:02:16,560 --> 00:02:19,920 Speaker 1: monotheistic and scientifically minded, as well as one that was 41 00:02:19,960 --> 00:02:24,160 Speaker 1: socially progressive. So this particular strain of Hinduism was largely 42 00:02:24,160 --> 00:02:30,000 Speaker 1: acceptable and comprehensible to Western audiences. His appearance in Chicago 43 00:02:30,120 --> 00:02:34,040 Speaker 1: also made Hinduism a lot more visible as a world religion, 44 00:02:34,840 --> 00:02:38,399 Speaker 1: but again for the particular vision of Hinduism that he 45 00:02:38,480 --> 00:02:41,959 Speaker 1: was teaching. During the World's Parliament of Religions, he gave 46 00:02:42,040 --> 00:02:46,320 Speaker 1: six different addresses, and they also did things like criticizing 47 00:02:46,360 --> 00:02:50,040 Speaker 1: British colonial rule of India. He pointed out that the 48 00:02:50,120 --> 00:02:53,919 Speaker 1: Christian nations of the world had become wealthy through exploiting 49 00:02:53,960 --> 00:02:57,680 Speaker 1: the non Christian nations of the world. He also criticized 50 00:02:57,720 --> 00:03:00,839 Speaker 1: the practice of sending Christian missionaries to India to try 51 00:03:00,880 --> 00:03:05,680 Speaker 1: to convert its population when food and education and medicine 52 00:03:05,680 --> 00:03:09,480 Speaker 1: were a lot more needed than religious conversions were. He 53 00:03:09,560 --> 00:03:12,680 Speaker 1: spent about three years traveling around the United States teaching 54 00:03:12,680 --> 00:03:16,679 Speaker 1: about yoga and the Vedanta philosophy, which is the philosophy 55 00:03:16,720 --> 00:03:20,919 Speaker 1: that underpins the Hindu religion. Has included teaching the first 56 00:03:21,040 --> 00:03:24,760 Speaker 1: yoga class in the United States. His intent wasn't to 57 00:03:24,800 --> 00:03:27,079 Speaker 1: convert people but to use these efforts to try to 58 00:03:27,160 --> 00:03:31,200 Speaker 1: raise funds back in India, but those efforts weren't really successful. 59 00:03:31,520 --> 00:03:33,680 Speaker 1: He went back to India in eighteen ninety six and 60 00:03:33,880 --> 00:03:36,960 Speaker 1: established a monastic order. He did return to the United 61 00:03:37,000 --> 00:03:41,000 Speaker 1: States for a time in eight So I'm Acananda died 62 00:03:41,040 --> 00:03:44,680 Speaker 1: in India on July four of nineteen o two. Thanks 63 00:03:44,680 --> 00:03:47,440 Speaker 1: so much to Christopher Hasciotis for his research work on 64 00:03:47,480 --> 00:03:50,440 Speaker 1: today's episode, and thanks to Terry Harrison for her audio 65 00:03:50,520 --> 00:03:53,400 Speaker 1: work on the show. You can subscribe to the Stay 66 00:03:53,400 --> 00:03:56,800 Speaker 1: in History Class on Apple Podcasts, Google podcast and wherever 67 00:03:56,840 --> 00:03:59,040 Speaker 1: else you get your podcasts, and you can tune in 68 00:03:59,080 --> 00:04:02,840 Speaker 1: tomorrow Roy Love story which played out at Lisa First 69 00:04:03,120 --> 00:04:15,600 Speaker 1: through letters. Welcome to this Day in History Class, where 70 00:04:15,600 --> 00:04:24,039 Speaker 1: we bring you a new tidbit from history every day. 71 00:04:26,400 --> 00:04:32,039 Speaker 1: The day was September eleven. The Hope Diamond, along with 72 00:04:32,120 --> 00:04:35,920 Speaker 1: other Crown jewels, was stolen when six men broke into 73 00:04:35,960 --> 00:04:39,320 Speaker 1: the house where the jewels were stored. The history of 74 00:04:39,360 --> 00:04:42,440 Speaker 1: the Blue Diamond dates back to the mid seventeenth century, 75 00:04:42,600 --> 00:04:45,520 Speaker 1: when Jean Baptiste to Vernier was in possession of a 76 00:04:45,560 --> 00:04:48,960 Speaker 1: diamond that was about one d and fifteen metric carrots. 77 00:04:49,680 --> 00:04:52,520 Speaker 1: The diamond most likely came from a mine in India, 78 00:04:53,160 --> 00:04:57,839 Speaker 1: and to Vernier described its color as violent. The diamond 79 00:04:57,880 --> 00:04:59,880 Speaker 1: was one of the many stones he sold to King 80 00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:03,640 Speaker 1: Louis the fourteenth of France in sixteen sixty eight. It 81 00:05:03,760 --> 00:05:06,680 Speaker 1: was re cut several years later and became known as 82 00:05:06,720 --> 00:05:10,320 Speaker 1: the French Blue. The diamond is blue because of the 83 00:05:10,400 --> 00:05:15,119 Speaker 1: small amounts of born present in it. In seventeen forty nine, 84 00:05:15,480 --> 00:05:18,360 Speaker 1: King and Louis the fifteenth had the court jeweler reset 85 00:05:18,400 --> 00:05:22,200 Speaker 1: the diamond in a piece of ceremonial jewelry. Decades later, 86 00:05:22,279 --> 00:05:25,839 Speaker 1: during the French Revolution, King Louis the sixteenth and Marie 87 00:05:25,880 --> 00:05:29,800 Speaker 1: Antoinette attempted to flee France, and the crown jewels were 88 00:05:29,800 --> 00:05:34,279 Speaker 1: given to the government. In September of seventeen ninety two, 89 00:05:34,360 --> 00:05:38,119 Speaker 1: while the king and Marie Antoinette were imprisoned, thieves broke 90 00:05:38,160 --> 00:05:41,440 Speaker 1: into the royal storehouse and stole the French Blue diamond 91 00:05:41,800 --> 00:05:45,039 Speaker 1: during a nearly week long looting of the crown jewels. 92 00:05:46,160 --> 00:05:48,839 Speaker 1: According to some historians, one of the thieves took the 93 00:05:48,880 --> 00:05:51,960 Speaker 1: diamond to Lajara, then to London, where he tried to 94 00:05:52,000 --> 00:05:54,919 Speaker 1: sell it. The diamonds whereabouts for the next couple of 95 00:05:54,960 --> 00:05:59,400 Speaker 1: decades are unclear, but in eighteen twelve a large diamond 96 00:05:59,560 --> 00:06:02,080 Speaker 1: was ordered as being in the possession of a London 97 00:06:02,160 --> 00:06:07,120 Speaker 1: diamond merchant named Daniel Eliason. That diamond was likely the 98 00:06:07,160 --> 00:06:11,839 Speaker 1: modern Hope Diamond, cut from the French Blue. King George 99 00:06:11,920 --> 00:06:15,240 Speaker 1: the fourth of the United Kingdom later acquired the stone, 100 00:06:15,720 --> 00:06:18,400 Speaker 1: and it was probably sold upon his death to pay 101 00:06:18,440 --> 00:06:22,640 Speaker 1: off debts. Once the diamond came into possession of the 102 00:06:22,680 --> 00:06:26,880 Speaker 1: Hope A banking family, it became known as the Hope Diamond. 103 00:06:28,120 --> 00:06:31,640 Speaker 1: Since then, the stone has been sold several times, reset 104 00:06:31,839 --> 00:06:35,360 Speaker 1: and re cut. The diamond made it to the US 105 00:06:35,480 --> 00:06:39,120 Speaker 1: in nineteen eleven, when Pierre Cartier sold it to American 106 00:06:39,160 --> 00:06:44,040 Speaker 1: heiress Evelyn Walsh McLean. In nineteen fifty eight, Harry Winston, Inc. 107 00:06:44,240 --> 00:06:49,279 Speaker 1: Donated the diamond to the Smithsonian Institution. It weighs forty 108 00:06:49,360 --> 00:06:53,600 Speaker 1: five point fifty two carrots and the Smithsonian Institution describes 109 00:06:53,680 --> 00:06:57,839 Speaker 1: its color as fancy dark grayish blue. The pendant surrounding 110 00:06:57,880 --> 00:07:01,320 Speaker 1: the diamond is made of sixteen white diamonds, and its 111 00:07:01,360 --> 00:07:06,080 Speaker 1: necklace chain contains forty five white diamonds. The Hope Diamond 112 00:07:06,120 --> 00:07:09,920 Speaker 1: is now housed at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. 113 00:07:10,680 --> 00:07:14,240 Speaker 1: It has a reputation for being cursed since it's associated 114 00:07:14,280 --> 00:07:18,040 Speaker 1: with a bunch of unfortunate events. There's a good chance 115 00:07:18,120 --> 00:07:20,960 Speaker 1: these rumors were a marketing employ to bring attention to 116 00:07:21,000 --> 00:07:24,960 Speaker 1: the Hope Diamond. I'm eave Deathcote and hopefully you know 117 00:07:25,120 --> 00:07:28,120 Speaker 1: a little more about history today than you did yesterday. 118 00:07:29,160 --> 00:07:31,240 Speaker 1: And if you like to follow us on social media, 119 00:07:31,680 --> 00:07:35,080 Speaker 1: you can find us at T d i h C 120 00:07:35,440 --> 00:07:41,240 Speaker 1: Podcast on Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook. Come back tomorrow for 121 00:07:41,280 --> 00:07:54,160 Speaker 1: another tidket from History. For more podcasts from I Heeart Radio, 122 00:07:54,280 --> 00:07:56,840 Speaker 1: visit the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you 123 00:07:56,920 --> 00:07:58,040 Speaker 1: listen to your favorite shows.