WEBVTT - Is Teleportation Possible? 0:00:06.280 --> 0:00:09.000 Hey, Daniel, do you ever wish you could be in 0:00:09.119 --> 0:00:11.239 one place at one moment and then be in a 0:00:11.280 --> 0:00:14.200 totally different place the next moment. Well, since I live 0:00:14.240 --> 0:00:17.520 in southern California, I'm definitely often stuck in traffic and 0:00:17.800 --> 0:00:19.759 want to get somewhere faster. But are you talking about 0:00:19.800 --> 0:00:23.560 getting like a Lamborghini Uber? Yeah, like an instant uber. 0:00:23.920 --> 0:00:27.160 Instant uber. Yet be myself across town instead of having 0:00:27.160 --> 0:00:29.560 to sit on the four or five. That would be wonderful. Well, 0:00:29.600 --> 0:00:31.360 you know, I imagine a lot of the people listening 0:00:31.400 --> 0:00:34.040 to this podcast are listening to it in their cars, 0:00:34.080 --> 0:00:37.920 maybe subway, or while walking to work or walking to class. 0:00:37.960 --> 0:00:41.240 All those intermediate times right, otherwise wasted if you weren't 0:00:41.280 --> 0:00:44.040 listening to such an awesome podcast. Yeah, that's right. We're 0:00:44.040 --> 0:00:46.760 helping you not waste time. Wouldn't it be great if 0:00:46.760 --> 0:00:49.760 it's just pop over from one place in the other. 0:00:50.080 --> 0:00:52.120 That would be wonderful. Do you think that's even possible? 0:00:52.400 --> 0:00:54.120 I don't know that you're the physicist. Tell me is 0:00:54.200 --> 0:00:56.400 do you think something like that as possible or do 0:00:56.480 --> 0:00:58.840 you think there ever will be possible? Listen to this 0:00:58.920 --> 0:01:19.840 episode and you'll find up hi import and I'm Daniel, 0:01:20.240 --> 0:01:23.200 and this is Daniel and Jorge Explain the Universe, where 0:01:23.240 --> 0:01:26.880 we explain everything in the universe and outside of the universe, 0:01:27.040 --> 0:01:30.560 the impossible and the possible, the universe, the multiverse, the 0:01:30.600 --> 0:01:36.119 single verse, the nonverse, every verse, the verse, the lift verse, 0:01:36.360 --> 0:01:40.920 the verse verse. Today we're talking about whether or not 0:01:41.560 --> 0:01:45.440 something is impossible technology that everybody wants. At least everybody 0:01:45.440 --> 0:01:47.840 who's out there sitting in traffic or is wasted time 0:01:47.880 --> 0:01:51.400 in an elevator or climbing upstairs has wanted to get 0:01:51.440 --> 0:01:56.440 somewhere faster. Is it possible to get somewhere instantaneously? Is 0:01:56.560 --> 0:02:01.520 teleportation actually possible? So, as usual before we dive into 0:02:01.520 --> 0:02:04.120 this question and try to answer whether or not this 0:02:04.320 --> 0:02:07.520 incredible idea from science fiction could actually be science one 0:02:07.600 --> 0:02:09.520 day we went out we asked people on the street, 0:02:09.840 --> 0:02:12.360 do you think help ortation is possible? Here's what they 0:02:12.360 --> 0:02:16.200 had to say. I'm not sure. My gut says yes. 0:02:16.240 --> 0:02:21.680 There's a physical lot of preventive so maybe nor um No. 0:02:22.520 --> 0:02:25.720 That seems far fetched to me, even far in the future, 0:02:26.240 --> 0:02:28.400 even now, I think people are already coming up with 0:02:28.480 --> 0:02:30.680 ideas of it. But I just think that people are 0:02:30.800 --> 0:02:36.000 keeping it hidden and maybe secretive and fear of other countries. 0:02:36.000 --> 0:02:40.400 Are companies or other people just monetizing it before they 0:02:40.400 --> 0:02:43.000 do or something? So what do you think of people's answers? 0:02:43.040 --> 0:02:47.080 Forge So nobody seems to think that it's possible. Yeah, 0:02:47.120 --> 0:02:49.560 people seem to think like, wow, that's too far for 0:02:49.680 --> 0:02:53.399 even science to get to. I like the one that said, 0:02:54.040 --> 0:02:55.919 I'm sure somebody's working on it, but they don't want 0:02:55.919 --> 0:02:59.400 to tell anybody. I know that person has watched too 0:02:59.440 --> 0:03:02.760 many movies where the scientists are really smart and also 0:03:02.840 --> 0:03:05.959 evil scientists. And I've noticed this trend. By the way, 0:03:06.000 --> 0:03:08.200 excuse me for a digression of a rant that in 0:03:08.280 --> 0:03:12.480 recent movies scientists are always evil. There's no good science characters. 0:03:12.520 --> 0:03:15.600 They're always like out for the pursuit of knowledge, you know, 0:03:15.639 --> 0:03:18.040 and regardless of the consequences, and they just have to 0:03:18.120 --> 0:03:20.320 know this is a great opportunity, and I really want 0:03:20.360 --> 0:03:23.800 to develop this technology no matter what harm comes to humanity. 0:03:23.840 --> 0:03:26.520 And that frustrates me, because you know, scientists were out 0:03:26.520 --> 0:03:28.600 there trying to help people out, trying to improve the world. 0:03:28.680 --> 0:03:31.360 We're not just here to make weapons. They certainly think 0:03:31.440 --> 0:03:33.679 highly of themselves in their laptots and glasses. Yeah, I 0:03:33.680 --> 0:03:36.960 wonder where that stereotype came from, Daniel, I don't know. 0:03:37.200 --> 0:03:40.840 All the scientists I know are very humble. We're all 0:03:40.840 --> 0:03:43.240 excellent at being humble. There's no humors here. All the 0:03:43.280 --> 0:03:46.640 awesome scientists and me and my friends are We're all 0:03:46.720 --> 0:03:50.440 very humble. But you know, there is a complex relationship 0:03:50.520 --> 0:03:53.720 between scientists and science fiction or you know, the public 0:03:53.720 --> 0:03:56.480 in general, or the public thinks things like oh I 0:03:56.520 --> 0:03:59.800 wish we could have you know, um transponders, or we 0:03:59.800 --> 0:04:02.440 could talking to a little thing, or flying cars, or 0:04:02.560 --> 0:04:05.640 the internet, televisions or the internet. Yeah, a lot of 0:04:05.640 --> 0:04:08.760 these things came out of either popular imagination or science fiction, 0:04:09.160 --> 0:04:12.040 and then scientists picked it up and said, well, let's see, 0:04:12.120 --> 0:04:14.920 maybe that is possible. Let's try to make it work. Right. 0:04:15.120 --> 0:04:18.279 Have you seen those YouTube videos where somebody actually made 0:04:18.320 --> 0:04:22.160 like a real working ironman's suit? Oh my god, have 0:04:22.160 --> 0:04:24.880 you seen those? No, that sounds terrifying. This guy's trapped 0:04:24.880 --> 0:04:27.520 like a little turbine engines to his back, to his 0:04:27.720 --> 0:04:30.200 arms with his legs, and he's like literally flying around. 0:04:30.400 --> 0:04:32.320 Well in the movies. That totally changes the balance of 0:04:32.360 --> 0:04:35.800 power in the world and has massive geopolitical consequences and 0:04:35.839 --> 0:04:41.240 also rescues Robert Downe Junior's acting career. That's right, yeah, um, 0:04:41.279 --> 0:04:43.680 but often when scientists come up with this technology, it 0:04:43.760 --> 0:04:47.000 does have consequences, right. It does change the way society functions, 0:04:47.040 --> 0:04:49.880 and it changes the way politics work. And certainly when 0:04:49.920 --> 0:04:51.960 you develop a new kind of weapon, right, and the 0:04:52.000 --> 0:04:54.200 ideas for those weapons can change the way the world works. 0:04:54.240 --> 0:04:57.360 So it's it's fun to think about how the ideas 0:04:57.360 --> 0:04:59.479 come from the public and then end up in science 0:04:59.520 --> 0:05:03.279 and then go back and change the way society works. So, um, 0:05:03.400 --> 0:05:05.720 sometimes people think of stuff and we can't actually make 0:05:05.760 --> 0:05:08.640 it happen. Well, I would say probably teleportation is right 0:05:08.720 --> 0:05:12.440 up there with flying. Like, if they could get one superpower, 0:05:13.000 --> 0:05:17.720 most people would pick flying or teleportation. Laser eyes. Come on, man, 0:05:17.720 --> 0:05:20.159 it'd be laser eyes. Everybody wants to laser eyes. Is 0:05:20.160 --> 0:05:25.680 that really practical? Though? Your looks could kill? Okay, we're 0:05:25.680 --> 0:05:28.880 talking about superpower. Is not about practical stuff here, Jorge. Well, 0:05:29.000 --> 0:05:30.560 you know, I was walking to school the other day 0:05:30.600 --> 0:05:33.520 with my son and he's like, he asked me, like, 0:05:33.520 --> 0:05:35.680 which superpower would you like to have? And I was like, oh, 0:05:35.680 --> 0:05:37.640 I would love to fly. And he's like, I want 0:05:37.640 --> 0:05:39.600 to teleport. He said that, so I can be It's 0:05:39.640 --> 0:05:42.920 cool right now? Yeah, did you offer him laser eyes? 0:05:42.960 --> 0:05:45.720 I mean, did you understand that. I think we need 0:05:45.760 --> 0:05:48.400 to go back and make sure he's fully informed. Yeah. Well, 0:05:48.440 --> 0:05:50.720 time travel is probably another popular one, so I could 0:05:50.720 --> 0:05:53.240 go back and ask him. See. But there's a big 0:05:53.279 --> 0:05:56.680 difference between flying and teleprotation. The difference is that you 0:05:56.720 --> 0:05:59.760 can see other things flying. It's obvious why flying is 0:05:59.760 --> 0:06:01.280 something you want to do. You see birds fly all 0:06:01.279 --> 0:06:04.640 the time. It looks awesome, right, But teleprotation is a 0:06:04.680 --> 0:06:07.919 weird one because you've never seen anything teleport. Nobody has 0:06:07.960 --> 0:06:10.640 ever seen anything teleport. Where does the idea for it 0:06:10.680 --> 0:06:12.840 even come from? Right? Why is it that we can 0:06:12.880 --> 0:06:16.200 imagine these these things that could be impossible because they 0:06:16.320 --> 0:06:18.880 did it in movies, right, movies and TV shows. It's 0:06:18.920 --> 0:06:22.440 super easy to fake teleportation, you just cut right. But 0:06:22.480 --> 0:06:25.200 that's the opposite, right, they portrayed in TV shows and 0:06:25.240 --> 0:06:28.320 in movies, after somebody had the idea maybe this could 0:06:28.320 --> 0:06:30.320 be possible, right, that's the depiction of it. But where 0:06:30.320 --> 0:06:33.240 does the idea come from? I always think it's fascinating 0:06:33.720 --> 0:06:37.360 when as humans we think of a concept which is impossible, right. 0:06:37.360 --> 0:06:40.080 We think of an idea, an idea which is it 0:06:40.080 --> 0:06:42.520 can only exist in the abstract. You know, we've never 0:06:42.560 --> 0:06:45.400 actually seen. It's come from inside our own heads. My 0:06:45.440 --> 0:06:49.760 theory is that this idea of teleprotation came directly from laziness. 0:06:50.960 --> 0:06:54.000 So I'm pretty sure there was you know, caveman or 0:06:54.040 --> 0:06:57.120 cave woman sitting around and they're like, man, I'm really hungry. 0:06:57.360 --> 0:06:59.000 I need to go to that tree to eat, but 0:06:59.040 --> 0:07:02.440 I'm really lazy. I wish I so wish I could 0:07:02.480 --> 0:07:05.120 just be there without having to make the effort to 0:07:05.160 --> 0:07:08.320 walk there, you know, I see, I see. So teleportation 0:07:08.600 --> 0:07:14.160 is to laziness, the way time travel is to procrastination, right, yeah, Like, 0:07:14.240 --> 0:07:15.760 oh I wish I could go back in time and 0:07:16.120 --> 0:07:19.120 do this sooner or something. Yeah. Yeah, So I think 0:07:19.120 --> 0:07:21.760 it's very natural, right to imagine yourself just being there 0:07:21.840 --> 0:07:25.760 without having to expand effort to get there. It's totally unnatural. 0:07:25.880 --> 0:07:29.160 It doesn't exist in nature at all. There's no natural example. 0:07:29.480 --> 0:07:32.360 I mean, maybe it's understandable, but it's like them some 0:07:32.440 --> 0:07:35.880 weird extreme version of flying or something. Anyway, I think 0:07:35.880 --> 0:07:38.360 that's fascinating. Actually did a bit of reading to figure out, like, 0:07:38.680 --> 0:07:42.560 when did teleportation first appear in science fiction or in 0:07:42.680 --> 0:07:46.080 literature kind of stuff? What did you find? Oh, it's ancient, 0:07:46.360 --> 0:07:47.720 you know, it's um I don't know if it goes 0:07:47.760 --> 0:07:50.160 all the way back to Caveman, but it appears, you know, 0:07:50.240 --> 0:07:52.600 in Greek mythology and all sorts of stuff, people appearing 0:07:52.640 --> 0:07:55.560 here and disappearing there. And so it's an old, old, 0:07:55.560 --> 0:07:59.200 old idea. It's basically magic, right, it's basically magic. He 0:07:59.240 --> 0:08:01.880 snaps her finger and they're gone. That's right. So science 0:08:01.960 --> 0:08:04.480 has had five thousand years to work on this idea. 0:08:05.040 --> 0:08:11.440 Where have we gotta We've got We've got handheld, little 0:08:11.480 --> 0:08:16.600 powerful computers. We have flying cars. You have a flying carrotation, 0:08:16.760 --> 0:08:19.400 Daniel K and I come over? Where is this flying car? 0:08:19.440 --> 0:08:26.040 I want to hear about. Yea, So is teleprotation actually possible? 0:08:27.000 --> 0:08:29.880 It depends a little bit on what you mean by teleprotation, right, 0:08:29.920 --> 0:08:32.000 So let's get a little bit technical, Like, if by 0:08:32.040 --> 0:08:35.000 teleportation you mean take me my physical body and all 0:08:35.040 --> 0:08:37.600 the atoms that make me up, have we disappear and 0:08:37.640 --> 0:08:40.800 reappear somewhere else that we can pretty clearly rule out 0:08:40.920 --> 0:08:43.240 that breaks a bunch of laws of physics. Like, what 0:08:43.280 --> 0:08:45.559 do you mean, Well, if I'm gonna disappear from here, 0:08:45.960 --> 0:08:49.680 then where am I atoms going? Right? Like, the energy 0:08:49.720 --> 0:08:53.040 from those atoms can't just disappear. There's no physical process 0:08:53.080 --> 0:08:56.920 that makes somebody disappear, capture their their energy and move 0:08:56.960 --> 0:09:00.440 it somewhere else. But is it impossible or is it 0:09:00.520 --> 0:09:05.240 just very unlikely? It's impossible. You can't move energy or 0:09:05.360 --> 0:09:09.640 mass from one place to another instantaneously, not even at 0:09:09.640 --> 0:09:12.200 the speed of light. But maybe you know, thinking like 0:09:12.240 --> 0:09:16.480 if you're just one single particle, and there's a certain 0:09:16.600 --> 0:09:19.360 uncertainty about you, isn't there Like you can be here 0:09:19.559 --> 0:09:22.400 one instant and you can be somewhere else in another instant, Right, 0:09:22.960 --> 0:09:25.080 So why couldn't that apply to a whole bunch of 0:09:25.120 --> 0:09:28.160 particles all at the same time. One minute they're here 0:09:28.400 --> 0:09:31.040 and then the next moment there's somewhere else. That's true, 0:09:31.040 --> 0:09:33.240 and that can happen, But that's not really teleportation, right. 0:09:33.280 --> 0:09:36.559 Teleprotition says you're here and that's very definitive, and then 0:09:36.600 --> 0:09:39.280 you're there, and that's very definitive. What you're talking about 0:09:39.320 --> 0:09:41.160 is I don't really know where you are now, and 0:09:41.160 --> 0:09:43.880 then I don't really know where you are later. That's 0:09:43.920 --> 0:09:47.200 not exactly telepartition. That's like, if you wanted to, you know, say, oh, 0:09:47.200 --> 0:09:49.680 I want to go across town, and you wanted to 0:09:49.760 --> 0:09:52.560 use Heisenberg's certainty principle, you'd be like, well, we're not 0:09:52.600 --> 0:09:54.680 really sure where we're going to get you. You're gonna 0:09:54.679 --> 0:09:57.360 be somewhere near the four h five, but we can't 0:09:57.400 --> 0:09:59.079 really tell you. And then you end up in traffic 0:09:59.120 --> 0:10:02.560 and you're dead, and the lawsuits and it doesn't end. Well, Okay, 0:10:02.559 --> 0:10:06.720 I have another idea. Okay, what if because quantum particles 0:10:06.720 --> 0:10:09.040 can just appear out of nothing, right, not just out 0:10:09.040 --> 0:10:11.840 of nothing, they can energy from the vacuum can get 0:10:11.840 --> 0:10:15.600 turned into particles mass. Yeah, and the converse is through 0:10:15.720 --> 0:10:18.880 like particles can just disappear. That's right. Yeah. So isn't 0:10:18.920 --> 0:10:22.880 there in the infinity of probability the chance that all 0:10:22.920 --> 0:10:25.600 of my molecules could suddenly disappear, and all of them 0:10:25.600 --> 0:10:28.600 could suddenly appear somewhere else in the same exact order. 0:10:29.080 --> 0:10:32.600 Would they be the same molecules? We're talking about the 0:10:32.679 --> 0:10:35.920 same physical particles that make you up disappearing and appearing 0:10:36.000 --> 0:10:40.040 somewhere else, right, those same molecules actual telebrotation of the 0:10:40.040 --> 0:10:43.160 stuff that makes up jorhe. Yeah, that I think is impossible. 0:10:43.360 --> 0:10:46.080 But you raise an interesting question, which is, like, what 0:10:46.280 --> 0:10:50.600 is teleprotation. What if we could disassemble you and they 0:10:50.640 --> 0:10:53.280 rebuild you somewhere else out of other particles that were 0:10:53.280 --> 0:10:55.760 in that other location you want to go to Alpha centauri. 0:10:56.200 --> 0:10:58.559 There are electrons over there, There protons over there, there 0:10:58.600 --> 0:11:00.800 neutrons over there. We can make you out of that 0:11:00.920 --> 0:11:03.480 stuff over there if we just know what the recipe 0:11:03.520 --> 0:11:06.240 is for Jorge, Right, Like, if my molecules are here 0:11:06.280 --> 0:11:10.280 now and they're in powers the next moment, how do 0:11:10.320 --> 0:11:13.480 we know they're the same molecule? Yeah, exactly, Like molecules 0:11:13.520 --> 0:11:16.000 don't have little ideas on them, right, They certainly don't write. 0:11:16.000 --> 0:11:18.640 All electrons are identical. You can't tell one from another. 0:11:19.240 --> 0:11:21.880 And as you say, particles are disappearing and appearing all 0:11:21.880 --> 0:11:23.920 the time. So it's not even really well defined question 0:11:23.960 --> 0:11:26.400 to say, like, what is the stuff that makes up me? 0:11:27.360 --> 0:11:30.600 These particles are me. So in that sense, teleportation is 0:11:30.640 --> 0:11:33.800 really just the transformation of the arrangement of the particles. 0:11:34.320 --> 0:11:36.640 You know, you can think about the thing that you 0:11:36.960 --> 0:11:39.920 about you is the arrangement of the particles. I mean, 0:11:39.960 --> 0:11:41.559 I was thinking about this the other day, Like, you know, 0:11:41.600 --> 0:11:43.680 if you are out there, you're the listener you weigh. 0:11:43.679 --> 0:11:46.679 I don't know. Seventy kilos, right, I don't know. I 0:11:46.679 --> 0:11:48.240 don't know what that means. I can't I can't do 0:11:48.280 --> 0:11:54.840 the matter. It's a flattering number for us. Yeah, right, 0:11:55.160 --> 0:11:58.280 our listeners are really good looking. Um, anyways, say this 0:11:58.360 --> 0:12:01.280 is the seventy kilos of you? Okay, Now, what is 0:12:01.320 --> 0:12:05.960 the recipe for making you? Well, it's protons, neutrons, and electrons, 0:12:06.040 --> 0:12:08.319 and the recipe is actually pretty simple. It's one to 0:12:08.440 --> 0:12:11.000 one to one, the same number of protons and neutrons 0:12:11.000 --> 0:12:13.760 and electrons to make up joorhe. Now what's the recipe 0:12:13.760 --> 0:12:17.840 for making up sevent ice cream? Well, it's still one 0:12:17.880 --> 0:12:20.600 to one to one protons, neutrons and electrons, is just 0:12:20.840 --> 0:12:25.040 differently arranged. Let's it's radioactive ice cream. That's right. Let's 0:12:25.040 --> 0:12:28.520 it's really far off the isotopic heavy ice cream, but 0:12:29.080 --> 0:12:32.200 heavy ice cream. But basically the difference between joge and 0:12:32.280 --> 0:12:35.079 a big pile of ice cream is just the arrangement 0:12:35.120 --> 0:12:37.040 of those particles. Right, So what you're saying is like, 0:12:37.080 --> 0:12:40.360 what makes me me is my arrangement of molecules, not 0:12:40.520 --> 0:12:44.280 the actual molecules. It's sort of philosophically bold thing to say, 0:12:44.320 --> 0:12:46.240 but yeah, basically that's the only difference between you and 0:12:46.280 --> 0:12:49.199 ice cream is a bit of tweaking. So when we're 0:12:49.200 --> 0:12:52.720 talking about totleprotation, you're really people are really wondering if 0:12:52.840 --> 0:12:56.280 it's possible to send my current arrangement, have that arrangement 0:12:56.320 --> 0:12:59.160 appear somewhere else sort of. I mean it would be 0:12:59.200 --> 0:13:00.520 a bit of a heart cell. I mean, what if 0:13:00.520 --> 0:13:02.760 I told you, hey, or hey, I'm gonna chop you 0:13:02.840 --> 0:13:05.200 up in the little rip bits and remake you somewhere else, 0:13:05.280 --> 0:13:08.280 all right? You'd wonder is that are you killing me 0:13:08.400 --> 0:13:11.040 and then creating me? And is that really the same 0:13:11.080 --> 0:13:13.600 as teleporting me? Is that really what you want? What 0:13:13.720 --> 0:13:15.840 you want to say, smooth continuous experience. You want the 0:13:15.840 --> 0:13:20.280 experience of traveling somewhere with minus the traveling, right, you mean, 0:13:20.440 --> 0:13:22.840 like my current arrangement in my brain of all my 0:13:23.400 --> 0:13:27.440 neurons and all the thoughts process. You want the frozen 0:13:27.760 --> 0:13:29.760 and then you wanted to appear somewhere else so that 0:13:29.840 --> 0:13:31.920 your thoughts are sort of continuous. That's right. I think 0:13:31.960 --> 0:13:34.840 you want a continuous conscious experience, Right, you want to 0:13:34.880 --> 0:13:37.960 get into teleportation box, press the button, and then get 0:13:38.000 --> 0:13:41.520 out of the teleprotation box on Alpha Centauri or in 0:13:41.640 --> 0:13:45.280 the valley, or in St. Louis or whatever, and be there. 0:13:45.480 --> 0:13:47.280 I don't think you want to get in the teleprotation box, 0:13:47.280 --> 0:13:51.480 press the button and die and then be born somewhere else. Right. 0:13:52.040 --> 0:13:54.520 I think you're giving my current arrangement of neurons a 0:13:54.559 --> 0:13:58.160 bit of a headache here thinking about these things. But 0:13:58.280 --> 0:14:01.360 what's the difference? Right? Is there friends to being disassembled 0:14:01.360 --> 0:14:04.560 and reassembled somewhere else with the same memories. I have 0:14:04.679 --> 0:14:07.439 so many questions for you, but before we dive in, 0:14:07.600 --> 0:14:22.000 let's take a short break. So if we were to 0:14:22.040 --> 0:14:24.440 define teleprotation just which is what I think you're trying 0:14:24.440 --> 0:14:27.200 to do, is it's the wish that you could have 0:14:27.240 --> 0:14:29.680 a continuous experience of being one place and then being 0:14:29.760 --> 0:14:32.400 another place in this next moment. That's right. And I 0:14:32.400 --> 0:14:35.920 don't think we know enough about consciousness to know whether 0:14:36.040 --> 0:14:38.680 what I just described would accomplish that. Take the particles 0:14:38.680 --> 0:14:41.080 and make a joorge, tear them apart to learn where 0:14:41.120 --> 0:14:44.880 they are, reassemble them somewhere else in exactly the same configuration. 0:14:45.240 --> 0:14:48.440 Would that new reassembled Joge version two think it's the 0:14:48.480 --> 0:14:51.200 same Joge? Would it know there's been reassembled that. I 0:14:51.240 --> 0:14:53.440 don't think we know enough about consciousness to know, but boy, 0:14:53.440 --> 0:14:55.960 that would that be a fascinating experiment. Right, So you're 0:14:55.960 --> 0:15:00.240 saying that physical toleprotation is impossible, like me, myself, the 0:15:00.960 --> 0:15:04.360 exact molecules that make up me right now, making them 0:15:04.400 --> 0:15:07.360 up here somewhere else is impossible. But you're saying, maybe 0:15:07.440 --> 0:15:10.960 we can recreate the arrangement somewhere else, and then you 0:15:11.000 --> 0:15:14.400 get into all these philosophical questions about whether that's really 0:15:14.400 --> 0:15:17.920 near or my consciousness is continuous. But that's that's one 0:15:17.960 --> 0:15:22.160 way you see teleportation being possible, is if you recreate 0:15:22.240 --> 0:15:24.640 my arrangement somewhere else. That's the only way I see 0:15:24.680 --> 0:15:28.840 it being possible, because the physical teleportation of objects, as 0:15:28.840 --> 0:15:32.280 far as I understand, it's totally impossible. Even the person 0:15:32.320 --> 0:15:34.800 we interviewed on the street who believes that somewhere there's 0:15:34.720 --> 0:15:36.800 a scientists who's figured it out and is looking to 0:15:36.840 --> 0:15:38.760 make money off of it, I'm sorry, I think that 0:15:38.800 --> 0:15:42.280 part is actually impossible. But but you know, the second 0:15:42.280 --> 0:15:45.440 bit is pretty good, right, Beaming the information and recreating you. 0:15:45.760 --> 0:15:49.800 That could work, That could really accomplish what we want. Well, 0:15:49.880 --> 0:15:51.640 let's think about that. So, like if you were to 0:15:51.640 --> 0:15:54.480 tell me, hey, horr, I'm gonna deconstruct you, save you 0:15:54.480 --> 0:15:56.800 to a hard drive or a flash drive drive that 0:15:57.360 --> 0:15:59.480 using an ups trug to the other side of town, 0:16:00.640 --> 0:16:03.040 you know, and start the USB thing. Hold hold on 0:16:03.080 --> 0:16:05.720 a second, if we're gonna put you in traffic anyway, 0:16:05.760 --> 0:16:08.320 what was the point just climbing the ups track corp 0:16:08.360 --> 0:16:11.600 He seriously, Now, the idea is decode you in the 0:16:11.680 --> 0:16:15.960 information beam you across a laser beam or the internet 0:16:16.000 --> 0:16:19.200 at least, right, so it's really fast, and then rebuild 0:16:19.240 --> 0:16:21.880 you somewhere else. Okay, so that's that's one way till 0:16:21.880 --> 0:16:24.960 reportation would be possible. But then that's the crazy thing. 0:16:25.040 --> 0:16:29.000 To reconstruct the exact state of all of my atoms 0:16:29.000 --> 0:16:32.960 and molecules and neurons. What sort of technology would you need? 0:16:33.000 --> 0:16:35.560 You need like a crazy three D printer. Yeah, you 0:16:35.600 --> 0:16:38.160 certainly would. But let's um, let's do the particle physics 0:16:38.200 --> 0:16:40.560 approach to this. Let's say, let's figure out how to 0:16:40.560 --> 0:16:43.920 do it first for one particle and then for two particles, 0:16:43.960 --> 0:16:46.800 and then try to generalize to however many particles make 0:16:46.840 --> 0:16:49.160 up a person or a hamster, because if it's not 0:16:49.240 --> 0:16:51.600 possible for a single particle, then it definitely won't be 0:16:51.600 --> 0:16:53.880 possible for a whole person. But if it is possible 0:16:53.920 --> 0:16:55.840 for a single particle, then it's just sort of an 0:16:55.880 --> 0:16:59.200 engineering question for how to do it for lots of particles. Okay, 0:16:59.280 --> 0:17:02.800 so um, and you're talking about beaming the information down 0:17:02.800 --> 0:17:05.399 to the quantum state, right, that's important. It's not just 0:17:05.480 --> 0:17:08.920 like I have an atom of carbon here in my hand. 0:17:09.800 --> 0:17:12.080 Let's just make a carbon atom over there. You're talking 0:17:12.080 --> 0:17:15.040 about the actual exact quantum state of that carbon atom. 0:17:15.200 --> 0:17:17.600 That's right. We're talking about copying a person or a 0:17:17.600 --> 0:17:19.840 cat or a hamster or whatever. We want to capture 0:17:19.880 --> 0:17:22.320 everything about it. We want to get every atom, every 0:17:22.320 --> 0:17:25.760 molecule exactly correct because we don't know which bits are important. Right, 0:17:26.080 --> 0:17:28.280 Maybe the thing that makes you you is in some 0:17:28.359 --> 0:17:31.240 particular arrangement of sodium atoms in your brain. And if 0:17:31.280 --> 0:17:33.600 we say whatever, we'll just put some sodium in there 0:17:33.600 --> 0:17:35.359 in the right mixture. We don't really care where it 0:17:35.440 --> 0:17:37.320 is or what the quantum state is, then we might 0:17:37.320 --> 0:17:39.840 get a different horry. Right, one is funnier or grumpier 0:17:40.080 --> 0:17:45.480 saltire exact spicierum exactly, and so we want to get 0:17:45.480 --> 0:17:48.280 it exact right. We wanted perfect copies. Okay, is it 0:17:48.320 --> 0:17:51.280 possible to take the quantum the one particle with all 0:17:51.320 --> 0:17:54.920 its quantum state copy that somewhere else. So that is possible, 0:17:54.960 --> 0:17:58.680 and that has actually been done right. People have teleported 0:17:58.920 --> 0:18:03.360 information about particles across more than a thousand kilometers. They've 0:18:03.400 --> 0:18:07.000 teleported it up into a satellite in space and back. 0:18:07.359 --> 0:18:09.919 I'm gonna say something which sounds incorrect, but and then 0:18:09.920 --> 0:18:12.440 I'm gonna tell you what it means. We can teleport 0:18:12.520 --> 0:18:15.840 single particles. We can tuport the information about it exactly. 0:18:16.200 --> 0:18:19.120 We can say I have an electron over here. Um, 0:18:19.280 --> 0:18:21.800 let me capture all the information about that electron that 0:18:21.840 --> 0:18:25.240 I need to get another electron over there to be 0:18:25.280 --> 0:18:27.800 an exactly the same quantum state as you say, which 0:18:27.880 --> 0:18:30.879 means it's a perfect copy, right, because electrons are all 0:18:30.920 --> 0:18:33.280 the same. There's no difference between electron number one electron 0:18:33.359 --> 0:18:36.400 number two, there's no difference between electrons. If I get 0:18:36.400 --> 0:18:39.520 an electron over there to be an exactly the same 0:18:39.600 --> 0:18:41.520 quantum state as it was over here, that I can 0:18:41.560 --> 0:18:44.919 say I've teleported that electron, you copied it, you created 0:18:44.960 --> 0:18:48.920 an identical copy somewhere else. It's not a copy. Um 0:18:48.920 --> 0:18:51.159 I've teleported, And the reason it's not a copy is 0:18:51.160 --> 0:18:54.600 that you can't copy a quantum state. In capturing the 0:18:54.600 --> 0:18:58.320 information you need to recreate it, you destroy that state, 0:18:58.560 --> 0:19:04.480 so you can't copy. You can only transfer. Oh what Yeah, 0:19:04.600 --> 0:19:07.120 so if you want to teleport and electron from here 0:19:07.240 --> 0:19:09.320 across your living room, you have to give up that 0:19:09.359 --> 0:19:13.040 first electron. There's no backup copies. And so if you're thinking, hey, 0:19:13.280 --> 0:19:16.480 teleportation is a great way to make multiple copies of myself, 0:19:16.840 --> 0:19:18.120 you know I can get all so much work done 0:19:18.160 --> 0:19:19.720 because I can make ten versions of me, and I 0:19:19.720 --> 0:19:22.399 can do ten comic strips at a time. It doesn't 0:19:22.400 --> 0:19:26.679 work because copying the information also destroys the original. But 0:19:26.720 --> 0:19:29.359 it destroys it not and like it disappears, it's just 0:19:29.480 --> 0:19:34.160 it collapses the quantum information. It changes it. And exactly 0:19:34.600 --> 0:19:37.000 if the definition of being you is this arrangement of 0:19:37.040 --> 0:19:39.240 quantum states of all the particles in your body, then 0:19:39.280 --> 0:19:41.680 it changes those states in a way that's no longer 0:19:41.760 --> 0:19:44.200 you write, oh, I see, so when you hear the 0:19:44.240 --> 0:19:49.359 words quantum teleportation, It actually doesn't mean that you teleport 0:19:49.480 --> 0:19:54.320 something using quantum technology. It means that you teleported the 0:19:54.400 --> 0:19:59.439 quantum information exactly. Information is sent using classical technology. You 0:19:59.440 --> 0:20:01.479 can get on some drive, you can use a laser, 0:20:01.520 --> 0:20:04.840 you can use a telegraph, but you're teleporting the information 0:20:04.880 --> 0:20:08.040 about a quantum particle. Because we're all made of quantum particles. 0:20:08.119 --> 0:20:10.199 So you want to teleport me, you better teleport all 0:20:10.200 --> 0:20:13.040 my quantum particles with all their quantum information. And quantum 0:20:13.080 --> 0:20:16.800 information is different than regular information like ones and zeros, 0:20:16.920 --> 0:20:20.159 because it's just quantum weird stuff, right, that's right. It 0:20:20.200 --> 0:20:23.320 follows totally different rules. Right, there's uncertainty you can know 0:20:23.400 --> 0:20:26.320 this and not that it can be yeah, and then 0:20:26.359 --> 0:20:30.040 uncertainty is maintained. I feel like physicists pulled a fast 0:20:30.040 --> 0:20:32.240 one on the public there. You know, they call it 0:20:32.320 --> 0:20:36.199 quantum teleportation. That's like, that's like that's like telling people, hey, 0:20:36.240 --> 0:20:39.199 we can do teleportation if we use quantum stuff. But 0:20:39.240 --> 0:20:43.440 it's really just teleportation of quantum stuff, right, and everything 0:20:43.520 --> 0:20:50.240 is quantum that it's really just tession. I think you're 0:20:50.240 --> 0:20:55.600 trying to pull a fast one on us again. But 0:20:55.640 --> 0:20:57.639 you know, let's make it concrete like people thinking, oh, 0:20:57.680 --> 0:20:59.960 what does this mean to be an electron? Like, instead 0:21:00.000 --> 0:21:02.399 of an electron, think of like a little black bag 0:21:02.720 --> 0:21:04.359 that has some marbles in it, and you don't know 0:21:04.400 --> 0:21:07.399 what the colors are, right, So, because there's always something 0:21:07.520 --> 0:21:10.359 hidden about a quantum particle. So you know, say that 0:21:10.400 --> 0:21:12.840 your electron is a bag of marbles and you don't 0:21:12.880 --> 0:21:14.640 know how many blues and how many reds are in there. 0:21:15.040 --> 0:21:20.240 Teleporting the electron means creating another bag in another place 0:21:20.640 --> 0:21:23.920 that has the same probabilities of red marbles and blue 0:21:23.920 --> 0:21:26.720 marbles in it inside of it. Inside, So you want 0:21:26.720 --> 0:21:29.879