1 00:00:06,280 --> 00:00:09,000 Speaker 1: Hey, Daniel, do you ever wish you could be in 2 00:00:09,119 --> 00:00:11,239 Speaker 1: one place at one moment and then be in a 3 00:00:11,280 --> 00:00:14,200 Speaker 1: totally different place the next moment. Well, since I live 4 00:00:14,240 --> 00:00:17,520 Speaker 1: in southern California, I'm definitely often stuck in traffic and 5 00:00:17,800 --> 00:00:19,759 Speaker 1: want to get somewhere faster. But are you talking about 6 00:00:19,800 --> 00:00:23,560 Speaker 1: getting like a Lamborghini Uber? Yeah, like an instant uber. 7 00:00:23,920 --> 00:00:27,160 Speaker 1: Instant uber. Yet be myself across town instead of having 8 00:00:27,160 --> 00:00:29,560 Speaker 1: to sit on the four or five. That would be wonderful. Well, 9 00:00:29,600 --> 00:00:31,360 Speaker 1: you know, I imagine a lot of the people listening 10 00:00:31,400 --> 00:00:34,040 Speaker 1: to this podcast are listening to it in their cars, 11 00:00:34,080 --> 00:00:37,920 Speaker 1: maybe subway, or while walking to work or walking to class. 12 00:00:37,960 --> 00:00:41,240 Speaker 1: All those intermediate times right, otherwise wasted if you weren't 13 00:00:41,280 --> 00:00:44,040 Speaker 1: listening to such an awesome podcast. Yeah, that's right. We're 14 00:00:44,040 --> 00:00:46,760 Speaker 1: helping you not waste time. Wouldn't it be great if 15 00:00:46,760 --> 00:00:49,760 Speaker 1: it's just pop over from one place in the other. 16 00:00:50,080 --> 00:00:52,120 Speaker 1: That would be wonderful. Do you think that's even possible? 17 00:00:52,400 --> 00:00:54,120 Speaker 1: I don't know that you're the physicist. Tell me is 18 00:00:54,200 --> 00:00:56,400 Speaker 1: do you think something like that as possible or do 19 00:00:56,480 --> 00:00:58,840 Speaker 1: you think there ever will be possible? Listen to this 20 00:00:58,920 --> 00:01:19,840 Speaker 1: episode and you'll find up hi import and I'm Daniel, 21 00:01:20,240 --> 00:01:23,200 Speaker 1: and this is Daniel and Jorge Explain the Universe, where 22 00:01:23,240 --> 00:01:26,880 Speaker 1: we explain everything in the universe and outside of the universe, 23 00:01:27,040 --> 00:01:30,560 Speaker 1: the impossible and the possible, the universe, the multiverse, the 24 00:01:30,600 --> 00:01:36,119 Speaker 1: single verse, the nonverse, every verse, the verse, the lift verse, 25 00:01:36,360 --> 00:01:40,920 Speaker 1: the verse verse. Today we're talking about whether or not 26 00:01:41,560 --> 00:01:45,440 Speaker 1: something is impossible technology that everybody wants. At least everybody 27 00:01:45,440 --> 00:01:47,840 Speaker 1: who's out there sitting in traffic or is wasted time 28 00:01:47,880 --> 00:01:51,400 Speaker 1: in an elevator or climbing upstairs has wanted to get 29 00:01:51,440 --> 00:01:56,440 Speaker 1: somewhere faster. Is it possible to get somewhere instantaneously? Is 30 00:01:56,560 --> 00:02:01,520 Speaker 1: teleportation actually possible? So, as usual before we dive into 31 00:02:01,520 --> 00:02:04,120 Speaker 1: this question and try to answer whether or not this 32 00:02:04,320 --> 00:02:07,520 Speaker 1: incredible idea from science fiction could actually be science one 33 00:02:07,600 --> 00:02:09,520 Speaker 1: day we went out we asked people on the street, 34 00:02:09,840 --> 00:02:12,360 Speaker 1: do you think help ortation is possible? Here's what they 35 00:02:12,360 --> 00:02:16,200 Speaker 1: had to say. I'm not sure. My gut says yes. 36 00:02:16,240 --> 00:02:21,680 Speaker 1: There's a physical lot of preventive so maybe nor um No. 37 00:02:22,520 --> 00:02:25,720 Speaker 1: That seems far fetched to me, even far in the future, 38 00:02:26,240 --> 00:02:28,400 Speaker 1: even now, I think people are already coming up with 39 00:02:28,480 --> 00:02:30,680 Speaker 1: ideas of it. But I just think that people are 40 00:02:30,800 --> 00:02:36,000 Speaker 1: keeping it hidden and maybe secretive and fear of other countries. 41 00:02:36,000 --> 00:02:40,400 Speaker 1: Are companies or other people just monetizing it before they 42 00:02:40,400 --> 00:02:43,000 Speaker 1: do or something? So what do you think of people's answers? 43 00:02:43,040 --> 00:02:47,080 Speaker 1: Forge So nobody seems to think that it's possible. Yeah, 44 00:02:47,120 --> 00:02:49,560 Speaker 1: people seem to think like, wow, that's too far for 45 00:02:49,680 --> 00:02:53,399 Speaker 1: even science to get to. I like the one that said, 46 00:02:54,040 --> 00:02:55,919 Speaker 1: I'm sure somebody's working on it, but they don't want 47 00:02:55,919 --> 00:02:59,400 Speaker 1: to tell anybody. I know that person has watched too 48 00:02:59,440 --> 00:03:02,760 Speaker 1: many movies where the scientists are really smart and also 49 00:03:02,840 --> 00:03:05,959 Speaker 1: evil scientists. And I've noticed this trend. By the way, 50 00:03:06,000 --> 00:03:08,200 Speaker 1: excuse me for a digression of a rant that in 51 00:03:08,280 --> 00:03:12,480 Speaker 1: recent movies scientists are always evil. There's no good science characters. 52 00:03:12,520 --> 00:03:15,600 Speaker 1: They're always like out for the pursuit of knowledge, you know, 53 00:03:15,639 --> 00:03:18,040 Speaker 1: and regardless of the consequences, and they just have to 54 00:03:18,120 --> 00:03:20,320 Speaker 1: know this is a great opportunity, and I really want 55 00:03:20,360 --> 00:03:23,800 Speaker 1: to develop this technology no matter what harm comes to humanity. 56 00:03:23,840 --> 00:03:26,520 Speaker 1: And that frustrates me, because you know, scientists were out 57 00:03:26,520 --> 00:03:28,600 Speaker 1: there trying to help people out, trying to improve the world. 58 00:03:28,680 --> 00:03:31,360 Speaker 1: We're not just here to make weapons. They certainly think 59 00:03:31,440 --> 00:03:33,679 Speaker 1: highly of themselves in their laptots and glasses. Yeah, I 60 00:03:33,680 --> 00:03:36,960 Speaker 1: wonder where that stereotype came from, Daniel, I don't know. 61 00:03:37,200 --> 00:03:40,840 Speaker 1: All the scientists I know are very humble. We're all 62 00:03:40,840 --> 00:03:43,240 Speaker 1: excellent at being humble. There's no humors here. All the 63 00:03:43,280 --> 00:03:46,640 Speaker 1: awesome scientists and me and my friends are We're all 64 00:03:46,720 --> 00:03:50,440 Speaker 1: very humble. But you know, there is a complex relationship 65 00:03:50,520 --> 00:03:53,720 Speaker 1: between scientists and science fiction or you know, the public 66 00:03:53,720 --> 00:03:56,480 Speaker 1: in general, or the public thinks things like oh I 67 00:03:56,520 --> 00:03:59,800 Speaker 1: wish we could have you know, um transponders, or we 68 00:03:59,800 --> 00:04:02,440 Speaker 1: could talking to a little thing, or flying cars, or 69 00:04:02,560 --> 00:04:05,640 Speaker 1: the internet, televisions or the internet. Yeah, a lot of 70 00:04:05,640 --> 00:04:08,760 Speaker 1: these things came out of either popular imagination or science fiction, 71 00:04:09,160 --> 00:04:12,040 Speaker 1: and then scientists picked it up and said, well, let's see, 72 00:04:12,120 --> 00:04:14,920 Speaker 1: maybe that is possible. Let's try to make it work. Right. 73 00:04:15,120 --> 00:04:18,279 Speaker 1: Have you seen those YouTube videos where somebody actually made 74 00:04:18,320 --> 00:04:22,160 Speaker 1: like a real working ironman's suit? Oh my god, have 75 00:04:22,160 --> 00:04:24,880 Speaker 1: you seen those? No, that sounds terrifying. This guy's trapped 76 00:04:24,880 --> 00:04:27,520 Speaker 1: like a little turbine engines to his back, to his 77 00:04:27,720 --> 00:04:30,200 Speaker 1: arms with his legs, and he's like literally flying around. 78 00:04:30,400 --> 00:04:32,320 Speaker 1: Well in the movies. That totally changes the balance of 79 00:04:32,360 --> 00:04:35,800 Speaker 1: power in the world and has massive geopolitical consequences and 80 00:04:35,839 --> 00:04:41,240 Speaker 1: also rescues Robert Downe Junior's acting career. That's right, yeah, um, 81 00:04:41,279 --> 00:04:43,680 Speaker 1: but often when scientists come up with this technology, it 82 00:04:43,760 --> 00:04:47,000 Speaker 1: does have consequences, right. It does change the way society functions, 83 00:04:47,040 --> 00:04:49,880 Speaker 1: and it changes the way politics work. And certainly when 84 00:04:49,920 --> 00:04:51,960 Speaker 1: you develop a new kind of weapon, right, and the 85 00:04:52,000 --> 00:04:54,200 Speaker 1: ideas for those weapons can change the way the world works. 86 00:04:54,240 --> 00:04:57,360 Speaker 1: So it's it's fun to think about how the ideas 87 00:04:57,360 --> 00:04:59,479 Speaker 1: come from the public and then end up in science 88 00:04:59,520 --> 00:05:03,279 Speaker 1: and then go back and change the way society works. So, um, 89 00:05:03,400 --> 00:05:05,720 Speaker 1: sometimes people think of stuff and we can't actually make 90 00:05:05,760 --> 00:05:08,640 Speaker 1: it happen. Well, I would say probably teleportation is right 91 00:05:08,720 --> 00:05:12,440 Speaker 1: up there with flying. Like, if they could get one superpower, 92 00:05:13,000 --> 00:05:17,720 Speaker 1: most people would pick flying or teleportation. Laser eyes. Come on, man, 93 00:05:17,720 --> 00:05:20,159 Speaker 1: it'd be laser eyes. Everybody wants to laser eyes. Is 94 00:05:20,160 --> 00:05:25,680 Speaker 1: that really practical? Though? Your looks could kill? Okay, we're 95 00:05:25,680 --> 00:05:28,880 Speaker 1: talking about superpower. Is not about practical stuff here, Jorge. Well, 96 00:05:29,000 --> 00:05:30,560 Speaker 1: you know, I was walking to school the other day 97 00:05:30,600 --> 00:05:33,520 Speaker 1: with my son and he's like, he asked me, like, 98 00:05:33,520 --> 00:05:35,680 Speaker 1: which superpower would you like to have? And I was like, oh, 99 00:05:35,680 --> 00:05:37,640 Speaker 1: I would love to fly. And he's like, I want 100 00:05:37,640 --> 00:05:39,600 Speaker 1: to teleport. He said that, so I can be It's 101 00:05:39,640 --> 00:05:42,920 Speaker 1: cool right now? Yeah, did you offer him laser eyes? 102 00:05:42,960 --> 00:05:45,720 Speaker 1: I mean, did you understand that. I think we need 103 00:05:45,760 --> 00:05:48,400 Speaker 1: to go back and make sure he's fully informed. Yeah. Well, 104 00:05:48,440 --> 00:05:50,720 Speaker 1: time travel is probably another popular one, so I could 105 00:05:50,720 --> 00:05:53,240 Speaker 1: go back and ask him. See. But there's a big 106 00:05:53,279 --> 00:05:56,680 Speaker 1: difference between flying and teleprotation. The difference is that you 107 00:05:56,720 --> 00:05:59,760 Speaker 1: can see other things flying. It's obvious why flying is 108 00:05:59,760 --> 00:06:01,280 Speaker 1: something you want to do. You see birds fly all 109 00:06:01,279 --> 00:06:04,640 Speaker 1: the time. It looks awesome, right, But teleprotation is a 110 00:06:04,680 --> 00:06:07,919 Speaker 1: weird one because you've never seen anything teleport. Nobody has 111 00:06:07,960 --> 00:06:10,640 Speaker 1: ever seen anything teleport. Where does the idea for it 112 00:06:10,680 --> 00:06:12,840 Speaker 1: even come from? Right? Why is it that we can 113 00:06:12,880 --> 00:06:16,200 Speaker 1: imagine these these things that could be impossible because they 114 00:06:16,320 --> 00:06:18,880 Speaker 1: did it in movies, right, movies and TV shows. It's 115 00:06:18,920 --> 00:06:22,440 Speaker 1: super easy to fake teleportation, you just cut right. But 116 00:06:22,480 --> 00:06:25,200 Speaker 1: that's the opposite, right, they portrayed in TV shows and 117 00:06:25,240 --> 00:06:28,320 Speaker 1: in movies, after somebody had the idea maybe this could 118 00:06:28,320 --> 00:06:30,320 Speaker 1: be possible, right, that's the depiction of it. But where 119 00:06:30,320 --> 00:06:33,240 Speaker 1: does the idea come from? I always think it's fascinating 120 00:06:33,720 --> 00:06:37,360 Speaker 1: when as humans we think of a concept which is impossible, right. 121 00:06:37,360 --> 00:06:40,080 Speaker 1: We think of an idea, an idea which is it 122 00:06:40,080 --> 00:06:42,520 Speaker 1: can only exist in the abstract. You know, we've never 123 00:06:42,560 --> 00:06:45,400 Speaker 1: actually seen. It's come from inside our own heads. My 124 00:06:45,440 --> 00:06:49,760 Speaker 1: theory is that this idea of teleprotation came directly from laziness. 125 00:06:50,960 --> 00:06:54,000 Speaker 1: So I'm pretty sure there was you know, caveman or 126 00:06:54,040 --> 00:06:57,120 Speaker 1: cave woman sitting around and they're like, man, I'm really hungry. 127 00:06:57,360 --> 00:06:59,000 Speaker 1: I need to go to that tree to eat, but 128 00:06:59,040 --> 00:07:02,440 Speaker 1: I'm really lazy. I wish I so wish I could 129 00:07:02,480 --> 00:07:05,120 Speaker 1: just be there without having to make the effort to 130 00:07:05,160 --> 00:07:08,320 Speaker 1: walk there, you know, I see, I see. So teleportation 131 00:07:08,600 --> 00:07:14,160 Speaker 1: is to laziness, the way time travel is to procrastination, right, yeah, Like, 132 00:07:14,240 --> 00:07:15,760 Speaker 1: oh I wish I could go back in time and 133 00:07:16,120 --> 00:07:19,120 Speaker 1: do this sooner or something. Yeah. Yeah, So I think 134 00:07:19,120 --> 00:07:21,760 Speaker 1: it's very natural, right to imagine yourself just being there 135 00:07:21,840 --> 00:07:25,760 Speaker 1: without having to expand effort to get there. It's totally unnatural. 136 00:07:25,880 --> 00:07:29,160 Speaker 1: It doesn't exist in nature at all. There's no natural example. 137 00:07:29,480 --> 00:07:32,360 Speaker 1: I mean, maybe it's understandable, but it's like them some 138 00:07:32,440 --> 00:07:35,880 Speaker 1: weird extreme version of flying or something. Anyway, I think 139 00:07:35,880 --> 00:07:38,360 Speaker 1: that's fascinating. Actually did a bit of reading to figure out, like, 140 00:07:38,680 --> 00:07:42,560 Speaker 1: when did teleportation first appear in science fiction or in 141 00:07:42,680 --> 00:07:46,080 Speaker 1: literature kind of stuff? What did you find? Oh, it's ancient, 142 00:07:46,360 --> 00:07:47,720 Speaker 1: you know, it's um I don't know if it goes 143 00:07:47,760 --> 00:07:50,160 Speaker 1: all the way back to Caveman, but it appears, you know, 144 00:07:50,240 --> 00:07:52,600 Speaker 1: in Greek mythology and all sorts of stuff, people appearing 145 00:07:52,640 --> 00:07:55,560 Speaker 1: here and disappearing there. And so it's an old, old, 146 00:07:55,560 --> 00:07:59,200 Speaker 1: old idea. It's basically magic, right, it's basically magic. He 147 00:07:59,240 --> 00:08:01,880 Speaker 1: snaps her finger and they're gone. That's right. So science 148 00:08:01,960 --> 00:08:04,480 Speaker 1: has had five thousand years to work on this idea. 149 00:08:05,040 --> 00:08:11,440 Speaker 1: Where have we gotta We've got We've got handheld, little 150 00:08:11,480 --> 00:08:16,600 Speaker 1: powerful computers. We have flying cars. You have a flying carrotation, 151 00:08:16,760 --> 00:08:19,400 Speaker 1: Daniel K and I come over? Where is this flying car? 152 00:08:19,440 --> 00:08:26,040 Speaker 1: I want to hear about. Yea, So is teleprotation actually possible? 153 00:08:27,000 --> 00:08:29,880 Speaker 1: It depends a little bit on what you mean by teleprotation, right, 154 00:08:29,920 --> 00:08:32,000 Speaker 1: So let's get a little bit technical, Like, if by 155 00:08:32,040 --> 00:08:35,000 Speaker 1: teleportation you mean take me my physical body and all 156 00:08:35,040 --> 00:08:37,600 Speaker 1: the atoms that make me up, have we disappear and 157 00:08:37,640 --> 00:08:40,800 Speaker 1: reappear somewhere else that we can pretty clearly rule out 158 00:08:40,920 --> 00:08:43,240 Speaker 1: that breaks a bunch of laws of physics. Like, what 159 00:08:43,280 --> 00:08:45,559 Speaker 1: do you mean, Well, if I'm gonna disappear from here, 160 00:08:45,960 --> 00:08:49,680 Speaker 1: then where am I atoms going? Right? Like, the energy 161 00:08:49,720 --> 00:08:53,040 Speaker 1: from those atoms can't just disappear. There's no physical process 162 00:08:53,080 --> 00:08:56,920 Speaker 1: that makes somebody disappear, capture their their energy and move 163 00:08:56,960 --> 00:09:00,440 Speaker 1: it somewhere else. But is it impossible or is it 164 00:09:00,520 --> 00:09:05,240 Speaker 1: just very unlikely? It's impossible. You can't move energy or 165 00:09:05,360 --> 00:09:09,640 Speaker 1: mass from one place to another instantaneously, not even at 166 00:09:09,640 --> 00:09:12,200 Speaker 1: the speed of light. But maybe you know, thinking like 167 00:09:12,240 --> 00:09:16,480 Speaker 1: if you're just one single particle, and there's a certain 168 00:09:16,600 --> 00:09:19,360 Speaker 1: uncertainty about you, isn't there Like you can be here 169 00:09:19,559 --> 00:09:22,400 Speaker 1: one instant and you can be somewhere else in another instant, Right, 170 00:09:22,960 --> 00:09:25,080 Speaker 1: So why couldn't that apply to a whole bunch of 171 00:09:25,120 --> 00:09:28,160 Speaker 1: particles all at the same time. One minute they're here 172 00:09:28,400 --> 00:09:31,040 Speaker 1: and then the next moment there's somewhere else. That's true, 173 00:09:31,040 --> 00:09:33,240 Speaker 1: and that can happen, But that's not really teleportation, right. 174 00:09:33,280 --> 00:09:36,559 Speaker 1: Teleprotition says you're here and that's very definitive, and then 175 00:09:36,600 --> 00:09:39,280 Speaker 1: you're there, and that's very definitive. What you're talking about 176 00:09:39,320 --> 00:09:41,160 Speaker 1: is I don't really know where you are now, and 177 00:09:41,160 --> 00:09:43,880 Speaker 1: then I don't really know where you are later. That's 178 00:09:43,920 --> 00:09:47,200 Speaker 1: not exactly telepartition. That's like, if you wanted to, you know, say, oh, 179 00:09:47,200 --> 00:09:49,680 Speaker 1: I want to go across town, and you wanted to 180 00:09:49,760 --> 00:09:52,560 Speaker 1: use Heisenberg's certainty principle, you'd be like, well, we're not 181 00:09:52,600 --> 00:09:54,680 Speaker 1: really sure where we're going to get you. You're gonna 182 00:09:54,679 --> 00:09:57,360 Speaker 1: be somewhere near the four h five, but we can't 183 00:09:57,400 --> 00:09:59,079 Speaker 1: really tell you. And then you end up in traffic 184 00:09:59,120 --> 00:10:02,560 Speaker 1: and you're dead, and the lawsuits and it doesn't end. Well, Okay, 185 00:10:02,559 --> 00:10:06,720 Speaker 1: I have another idea. Okay, what if because quantum particles 186 00:10:06,720 --> 00:10:09,040 Speaker 1: can just appear out of nothing, right, not just out 187 00:10:09,040 --> 00:10:11,840 Speaker 1: of nothing, they can energy from the vacuum can get 188 00:10:11,840 --> 00:10:15,600 Speaker 1: turned into particles mass. Yeah, and the converse is through 189 00:10:15,720 --> 00:10:18,880 Speaker 1: like particles can just disappear. That's right. Yeah. So isn't 190 00:10:18,920 --> 00:10:22,880 Speaker 1: there in the infinity of probability the chance that all 191 00:10:22,920 --> 00:10:25,600 Speaker 1: of my molecules could suddenly disappear, and all of them 192 00:10:25,600 --> 00:10:28,600 Speaker 1: could suddenly appear somewhere else in the same exact order. 193 00:10:29,080 --> 00:10:32,600 Speaker 1: Would they be the same molecules? We're talking about the 194 00:10:32,679 --> 00:10:35,920 Speaker 1: same physical particles that make you up disappearing and appearing 195 00:10:36,000 --> 00:10:40,040 Speaker 1: somewhere else, right, those same molecules actual telebrotation of the 196 00:10:40,040 --> 00:10:43,160 Speaker 1: stuff that makes up jorhe. Yeah, that I think is impossible. 197 00:10:43,360 --> 00:10:46,080 Speaker 1: But you raise an interesting question, which is, like, what 198 00:10:46,280 --> 00:10:50,600 Speaker 1: is teleprotation. What if we could disassemble you and they 199 00:10:50,640 --> 00:10:53,280 Speaker 1: rebuild you somewhere else out of other particles that were 200 00:10:53,280 --> 00:10:55,760 Speaker 1: in that other location you want to go to Alpha centauri. 201 00:10:56,200 --> 00:10:58,559 Speaker 1: There are electrons over there, There protons over there, there 202 00:10:58,600 --> 00:11:00,800 Speaker 1: neutrons over there. We can make you out of that 203 00:11:00,920 --> 00:11:03,480 Speaker 1: stuff over there if we just know what the recipe 204 00:11:03,520 --> 00:11:06,240 Speaker 1: is for Jorge, Right, Like, if my molecules are here 205 00:11:06,280 --> 00:11:10,280 Speaker 1: now and they're in powers the next moment, how do 206 00:11:10,320 --> 00:11:13,480 Speaker 1: we know they're the same molecule? Yeah, exactly, Like molecules 207 00:11:13,520 --> 00:11:16,000 Speaker 1: don't have little ideas on them, right, They certainly don't write. 208 00:11:16,000 --> 00:11:18,640 Speaker 1: All electrons are identical. You can't tell one from another. 209 00:11:19,240 --> 00:11:21,880 Speaker 1: And as you say, particles are disappearing and appearing all 210 00:11:21,880 --> 00:11:23,920 Speaker 1: the time. So it's not even really well defined question 211 00:11:23,960 --> 00:11:26,400 Speaker 1: to say, like, what is the stuff that makes up me? 212 00:11:27,360 --> 00:11:30,600 Speaker 1: These particles are me. So in that sense, teleportation is 213 00:11:30,640 --> 00:11:33,800 Speaker 1: really just the transformation of the arrangement of the particles. 214 00:11:34,320 --> 00:11:36,640 Speaker 1: You know, you can think about the thing that you 215 00:11:36,960 --> 00:11:39,920 Speaker 1: about you is the arrangement of the particles. I mean, 216 00:11:39,960 --> 00:11:41,559 Speaker 1: I was thinking about this the other day, Like, you know, 217 00:11:41,600 --> 00:11:43,680 Speaker 1: if you are out there, you're the listener you weigh. 218 00:11:43,679 --> 00:11:46,679 Speaker 1: I don't know. Seventy kilos, right, I don't know. I 219 00:11:46,679 --> 00:11:48,240 Speaker 1: don't know what that means. I can't I can't do 220 00:11:48,280 --> 00:11:54,840 Speaker 1: the matter. It's a flattering number for us. Yeah, right, 221 00:11:55,160 --> 00:11:58,280 Speaker 1: our listeners are really good looking. Um, anyways, say this 222 00:11:58,360 --> 00:12:01,280 Speaker 1: is the seventy kilos of you? Okay, Now, what is 223 00:12:01,320 --> 00:12:05,960 Speaker 1: the recipe for making you? Well, it's protons, neutrons, and electrons, 224 00:12:06,040 --> 00:12:08,319 Speaker 1: and the recipe is actually pretty simple. It's one to 225 00:12:08,440 --> 00:12:11,000 Speaker 1: one to one, the same number of protons and neutrons 226 00:12:11,000 --> 00:12:13,760 Speaker 1: and electrons to make up joorhe. Now what's the recipe 227 00:12:13,760 --> 00:12:17,840 Speaker 1: for making up sevent ice cream? Well, it's still one 228 00:12:17,880 --> 00:12:20,600 Speaker 1: to one to one protons, neutrons and electrons, is just 229 00:12:20,840 --> 00:12:25,040 Speaker 1: differently arranged. Let's it's radioactive ice cream. That's right. Let's 230 00:12:25,040 --> 00:12:28,520 Speaker 1: it's really far off the isotopic heavy ice cream, but 231 00:12:29,080 --> 00:12:32,200 Speaker 1: heavy ice cream. But basically the difference between joge and 232 00:12:32,280 --> 00:12:35,079 Speaker 1: a big pile of ice cream is just the arrangement 233 00:12:35,120 --> 00:12:37,040 Speaker 1: of those particles. Right, So what you're saying is like, 234 00:12:37,080 --> 00:12:40,360 Speaker 1: what makes me me is my arrangement of molecules, not 235 00:12:40,520 --> 00:12:44,280 Speaker 1: the actual molecules. It's sort of philosophically bold thing to say, 236 00:12:44,320 --> 00:12:46,240 Speaker 1: but yeah, basically that's the only difference between you and 237 00:12:46,280 --> 00:12:49,199 Speaker 1: ice cream is a bit of tweaking. So when we're 238 00:12:49,200 --> 00:12:52,720 Speaker 1: talking about totleprotation, you're really people are really wondering if 239 00:12:52,840 --> 00:12:56,280 Speaker 1: it's possible to send my current arrangement, have that arrangement 240 00:12:56,320 --> 00:12:59,160 Speaker 1: appear somewhere else sort of. I mean it would be 241 00:12:59,200 --> 00:13:00,520 Speaker 1: a bit of a heart cell. I mean, what if 242 00:13:00,520 --> 00:13:02,760 Speaker 1: I told you, hey, or hey, I'm gonna chop you 243 00:13:02,840 --> 00:13:05,200 Speaker 1: up in the little rip bits and remake you somewhere else, 244 00:13:05,280 --> 00:13:08,280 Speaker 1: all right? You'd wonder is that are you killing me 245 00:13:08,400 --> 00:13:11,040 Speaker 1: and then creating me? And is that really the same 246 00:13:11,080 --> 00:13:13,600 Speaker 1: as teleporting me? Is that really what you want? What 247 00:13:13,720 --> 00:13:15,840 Speaker 1: you want to say, smooth continuous experience. You want the 248 00:13:15,840 --> 00:13:20,280 Speaker 1: experience of traveling somewhere with minus the traveling, right, you mean, 249 00:13:20,440 --> 00:13:22,840 Speaker 1: like my current arrangement in my brain of all my 250 00:13:23,400 --> 00:13:27,440 Speaker 1: neurons and all the thoughts process. You want the frozen 251 00:13:27,760 --> 00:13:29,760 Speaker 1: and then you wanted to appear somewhere else so that 252 00:13:29,840 --> 00:13:31,920 Speaker 1: your thoughts are sort of continuous. That's right. I think 253 00:13:31,960 --> 00:13:34,840 Speaker 1: you want a continuous conscious experience, Right, you want to 254 00:13:34,880 --> 00:13:37,960 Speaker 1: get into teleportation box, press the button, and then get 255 00:13:38,000 --> 00:13:41,520 Speaker 1: out of the teleprotation box on Alpha Centauri or in 256 00:13:41,640 --> 00:13:45,280 Speaker 1: the valley, or in St. Louis or whatever, and be there. 257 00:13:45,480 --> 00:13:47,280 Speaker 1: I don't think you want to get in the teleprotation box, 258 00:13:47,280 --> 00:13:51,480 Speaker 1: press the button and die and then be born somewhere else. Right. 259 00:13:52,040 --> 00:13:54,520 Speaker 1: I think you're giving my current arrangement of neurons a 260 00:13:54,559 --> 00:13:58,160 Speaker 1: bit of a headache here thinking about these things. But 261 00:13:58,280 --> 00:14:01,360 Speaker 1: what's the difference? Right? Is there friends to being disassembled 262 00:14:01,360 --> 00:14:04,560 Speaker 1: and reassembled somewhere else with the same memories. I have 263 00:14:04,679 --> 00:14:07,439 Speaker 1: so many questions for you, but before we dive in, 264 00:14:07,600 --> 00:14:22,000 Speaker 1: let's take a short break. So if we were to 265 00:14:22,040 --> 00:14:24,440 Speaker 1: define teleprotation just which is what I think you're trying 266 00:14:24,440 --> 00:14:27,200 Speaker 1: to do, is it's the wish that you could have 267 00:14:27,240 --> 00:14:29,680 Speaker 1: a continuous experience of being one place and then being 268 00:14:29,760 --> 00:14:32,400 Speaker 1: another place in this next moment. That's right. And I 269 00:14:32,400 --> 00:14:35,920 Speaker 1: don't think we know enough about consciousness to know whether 270 00:14:36,040 --> 00:14:38,680 Speaker 1: what I just described would accomplish that. Take the particles 271 00:14:38,680 --> 00:14:41,080 Speaker 1: and make a joorge, tear them apart to learn where 272 00:14:41,120 --> 00:14:44,880 Speaker 1: they are, reassemble them somewhere else in exactly the same configuration. 273 00:14:45,240 --> 00:14:48,440 Speaker 1: Would that new reassembled Joge version two think it's the 274 00:14:48,480 --> 00:14:51,200 Speaker 1: same Joge? Would it know there's been reassembled that. I 275 00:14:51,240 --> 00:14:53,440 Speaker 1: don't think we know enough about consciousness to know, but boy, 276 00:14:53,440 --> 00:14:55,960 Speaker 1: that would that be a fascinating experiment. Right, So you're 277 00:14:55,960 --> 00:15:00,240 Speaker 1: saying that physical toleprotation is impossible, like me, myself, the 278 00:15:00,960 --> 00:15:04,360 Speaker 1: exact molecules that make up me right now, making them 279 00:15:04,400 --> 00:15:07,360 Speaker 1: up here somewhere else is impossible. But you're saying, maybe 280 00:15:07,440 --> 00:15:10,960 Speaker 1: we can recreate the arrangement somewhere else, and then you 281 00:15:11,000 --> 00:15:14,400 Speaker 1: get into all these philosophical questions about whether that's really 282 00:15:14,400 --> 00:15:17,920 Speaker 1: near or my consciousness is continuous. But that's that's one 283 00:15:17,960 --> 00:15:22,160 Speaker 1: way you see teleportation being possible, is if you recreate 284 00:15:22,240 --> 00:15:24,640 Speaker 1: my arrangement somewhere else. That's the only way I see 285 00:15:24,680 --> 00:15:28,840 Speaker 1: it being possible, because the physical teleportation of objects, as 286 00:15:28,840 --> 00:15:32,280 Speaker 1: far as I understand, it's totally impossible. Even the person 287 00:15:32,320 --> 00:15:34,800 Speaker 1: we interviewed on the street who believes that somewhere there's 288 00:15:34,720 --> 00:15:36,800 Speaker 1: a scientists who's figured it out and is looking to 289 00:15:36,840 --> 00:15:38,760 Speaker 1: make money off of it, I'm sorry, I think that 290 00:15:38,800 --> 00:15:42,280 Speaker 1: part is actually impossible. But but you know, the second 291 00:15:42,280 --> 00:15:45,440 Speaker 1: bit is pretty good, right, Beaming the information and recreating you. 292 00:15:45,760 --> 00:15:49,800 Speaker 1: That could work, That could really accomplish what we want. Well, 293 00:15:49,880 --> 00:15:51,640 Speaker 1: let's think about that. So, like if you were to 294 00:15:51,640 --> 00:15:54,480 Speaker 1: tell me, hey, horr, I'm gonna deconstruct you, save you 295 00:15:54,480 --> 00:15:56,800 Speaker 1: to a hard drive or a flash drive drive that 296 00:15:57,360 --> 00:15:59,480 Speaker 1: using an ups trug to the other side of town, 297 00:16:00,640 --> 00:16:03,040 Speaker 1: you know, and start the USB thing. Hold hold on 298 00:16:03,080 --> 00:16:05,720 Speaker 1: a second, if we're gonna put you in traffic anyway, 299 00:16:05,760 --> 00:16:08,320 Speaker 1: what was the point just climbing the ups track corp 300 00:16:08,360 --> 00:16:11,600 Speaker 1: He seriously, Now, the idea is decode you in the 301 00:16:11,680 --> 00:16:15,960 Speaker 1: information beam you across a laser beam or the internet 302 00:16:16,000 --> 00:16:19,200 Speaker 1: at least, right, so it's really fast, and then rebuild 303 00:16:19,240 --> 00:16:21,880 Speaker 1: you somewhere else. Okay, so that's that's one way till 304 00:16:21,880 --> 00:16:24,960 Speaker 1: reportation would be possible. But then that's the crazy thing. 305 00:16:25,040 --> 00:16:29,000 Speaker 1: To reconstruct the exact state of all of my atoms 306 00:16:29,000 --> 00:16:32,960 Speaker 1: and molecules and neurons. What sort of technology would you need? 307 00:16:33,000 --> 00:16:35,560 Speaker 1: You need like a crazy three D printer. Yeah, you 308 00:16:35,600 --> 00:16:38,160 Speaker 1: certainly would. But let's um, let's do the particle physics 309 00:16:38,200 --> 00:16:40,560 Speaker 1: approach to this. Let's say, let's figure out how to 310 00:16:40,560 --> 00:16:43,920 Speaker 1: do it first for one particle and then for two particles, 311 00:16:43,960 --> 00:16:46,800 Speaker 1: and then try to generalize to however many particles make 312 00:16:46,840 --> 00:16:49,160 Speaker 1: up a person or a hamster, because if it's not 313 00:16:49,240 --> 00:16:51,600 Speaker 1: possible for a single particle, then it definitely won't be 314 00:16:51,600 --> 00:16:53,880 Speaker 1: possible for a whole person. But if it is possible 315 00:16:53,920 --> 00:16:55,840 Speaker 1: for a single particle, then it's just sort of an 316 00:16:55,880 --> 00:16:59,200 Speaker 1: engineering question for how to do it for lots of particles. Okay, 317 00:16:59,280 --> 00:17:02,800 Speaker 1: so um, and you're talking about beaming the information down 318 00:17:02,800 --> 00:17:05,399 Speaker 1: to the quantum state, right, that's important. It's not just 319 00:17:05,480 --> 00:17:08,920 Speaker 1: like I have an atom of carbon here in my hand. 320 00:17:09,800 --> 00:17:12,080 Speaker 1: Let's just make a carbon atom over there. You're talking 321 00:17:12,080 --> 00:17:15,040 Speaker 1: about the actual exact quantum state of that carbon atom. 322 00:17:15,200 --> 00:17:17,600 Speaker 1: That's right. We're talking about copying a person or a 323 00:17:17,600 --> 00:17:19,840 Speaker 1: cat or a hamster or whatever. We want to capture 324 00:17:19,880 --> 00:17:22,320 Speaker 1: everything about it. We want to get every atom, every 325 00:17:22,320 --> 00:17:25,760 Speaker 1: molecule exactly correct because we don't know which bits are important. Right, 326 00:17:26,080 --> 00:17:28,280 Speaker 1: Maybe the thing that makes you you is in some 327 00:17:28,359 --> 00:17:31,240 Speaker 1: particular arrangement of sodium atoms in your brain. And if 328 00:17:31,280 --> 00:17:33,600 Speaker 1: we say whatever, we'll just put some sodium in there 329 00:17:33,600 --> 00:17:35,359 Speaker 1: in the right mixture. We don't really care where it 330 00:17:35,440 --> 00:17:37,320 Speaker 1: is or what the quantum state is, then we might 331 00:17:37,320 --> 00:17:39,840 Speaker 1: get a different horry. Right, one is funnier or grumpier 332 00:17:40,080 --> 00:17:45,480 Speaker 1: saltire exact spicierum exactly, and so we want to get 333 00:17:45,480 --> 00:17:48,280 Speaker 1: it exact right. We wanted perfect copies. Okay, is it 334 00:17:48,320 --> 00:17:51,280 Speaker 1: possible to take the quantum the one particle with all 335 00:17:51,320 --> 00:17:54,920 Speaker 1: its quantum state copy that somewhere else. So that is possible, 336 00:17:54,960 --> 00:17:58,680 Speaker 1: and that has actually been done right. People have teleported 337 00:17:58,920 --> 00:18:03,360 Speaker 1: information about particles across more than a thousand kilometers. They've 338 00:18:03,400 --> 00:18:07,000 Speaker 1: teleported it up into a satellite in space and back. 339 00:18:07,359 --> 00:18:09,919 Speaker 1: I'm gonna say something which sounds incorrect, but and then 340 00:18:09,920 --> 00:18:12,440 Speaker 1: I'm gonna tell you what it means. We can teleport 341 00:18:12,520 --> 00:18:15,840 Speaker 1: single particles. We can tuport the information about it exactly. 342 00:18:16,200 --> 00:18:19,120 Speaker 1: We can say I have an electron over here. Um, 343 00:18:19,280 --> 00:18:21,800 Speaker 1: let me capture all the information about that electron that 344 00:18:21,840 --> 00:18:25,240 Speaker 1: I need to get another electron over there to be 345 00:18:25,280 --> 00:18:27,800 Speaker 1: an exactly the same quantum state as you say, which 346 00:18:27,880 --> 00:18:30,879 Speaker 1: means it's a perfect copy, right, because electrons are all 347 00:18:30,920 --> 00:18:33,280 Speaker 1: the same. There's no difference between electron number one electron 348 00:18:33,359 --> 00:18:36,400 Speaker 1: number two, there's no difference between electrons. If I get 349 00:18:36,400 --> 00:18:39,520 Speaker 1: an electron over there to be an exactly the same 350 00:18:39,600 --> 00:18:41,520 Speaker 1: quantum state as it was over here, that I can 351 00:18:41,560 --> 00:18:44,919 Speaker 1: say I've teleported that electron, you copied it, you created 352 00:18:44,960 --> 00:18:48,920 Speaker 1: an identical copy somewhere else. It's not a copy. Um 353 00:18:48,920 --> 00:18:51,159 Speaker 1: I've teleported, And the reason it's not a copy is 354 00:18:51,160 --> 00:18:54,600 Speaker 1: that you can't copy a quantum state. In capturing the 355 00:18:54,600 --> 00:18:58,320 Speaker 1: information you need to recreate it, you destroy that state, 356 00:18:58,560 --> 00:19:04,480 Speaker 1: so you can't copy. You can only transfer. Oh what Yeah, 357 00:19:04,600 --> 00:19:07,120 Speaker 1: so if you want to teleport and electron from here 358 00:19:07,240 --> 00:19:09,320 Speaker 1: across your living room, you have to give up that 359 00:19:09,359 --> 00:19:13,040 Speaker 1: first electron. There's no backup copies. And so if you're thinking, hey, 360 00:19:13,280 --> 00:19:16,480 Speaker 1: teleportation is a great way to make multiple copies of myself, 361 00:19:16,840 --> 00:19:18,120 Speaker 1: you know I can get all so much work done 362 00:19:18,160 --> 00:19:19,720 Speaker 1: because I can make ten versions of me, and I 363 00:19:19,720 --> 00:19:22,399 Speaker 1: can do ten comic strips at a time. It doesn't 364 00:19:22,400 --> 00:19:26,679 Speaker 1: work because copying the information also destroys the original. But 365 00:19:26,720 --> 00:19:29,359 Speaker 1: it destroys it not and like it disappears, it's just 366 00:19:29,480 --> 00:19:34,160 Speaker 1: it collapses the quantum information. It changes it. And exactly 367 00:19:34,600 --> 00:19:37,000 Speaker 1: if the definition of being you is this arrangement of 368 00:19:37,040 --> 00:19:39,240 Speaker 1: quantum states of all the particles in your body, then 369 00:19:39,280 --> 00:19:41,680 Speaker 1: it changes those states in a way that's no longer 370 00:19:41,760 --> 00:19:44,200 Speaker 1: you write, oh, I see, so when you hear the 371 00:19:44,240 --> 00:19:49,359 Speaker 1: words quantum teleportation, It actually doesn't mean that you teleport 372 00:19:49,480 --> 00:19:54,320 Speaker 1: something using quantum technology. It means that you teleported the 373 00:19:54,400 --> 00:19:59,439 Speaker 1: quantum information exactly. Information is sent using classical technology. You 374 00:19:59,440 --> 00:20:01,479 Speaker 1: can get on some drive, you can use a laser, 375 00:20:01,520 --> 00:20:04,840 Speaker 1: you can use a telegraph, but you're teleporting the information 376 00:20:04,880 --> 00:20:08,040 Speaker 1: about a quantum particle. Because we're all made of quantum particles. 377 00:20:08,119 --> 00:20:10,199 Speaker 1: So you want to teleport me, you better teleport all 378 00:20:10,200 --> 00:20:13,040 Speaker 1: my quantum particles with all their quantum information. And quantum 379 00:20:13,080 --> 00:20:16,800 Speaker 1: information is different than regular information like ones and zeros, 380 00:20:16,920 --> 00:20:20,159 Speaker 1: because it's just quantum weird stuff, right, that's right. It 381 00:20:20,200 --> 00:20:23,320 Speaker 1: follows totally different rules. Right, there's uncertainty you can know 382 00:20:23,400 --> 00:20:26,320 Speaker 1: this and not that it can be yeah, and then 383 00:20:26,359 --> 00:20:30,040 Speaker 1: uncertainty is maintained. I feel like physicists pulled a fast 384 00:20:30,040 --> 00:20:32,240 Speaker 1: one on the public there. You know, they call it 385 00:20:32,320 --> 00:20:36,199 Speaker 1: quantum teleportation. That's like, that's like that's like telling people, hey, 386 00:20:36,240 --> 00:20:39,199 Speaker 1: we can do teleportation if we use quantum stuff. But 387 00:20:39,240 --> 00:20:43,440 Speaker 1: it's really just teleportation of quantum stuff, right, and everything 388 00:20:43,520 --> 00:20:50,240 Speaker 1: is quantum that it's really just tession. I think you're 389 00:20:50,240 --> 00:20:55,600 Speaker 1: trying to pull a fast one on us again. But 390 00:20:55,640 --> 00:20:57,639 Speaker 1: you know, let's make it concrete like people thinking, oh, 391 00:20:57,680 --> 00:20:59,960 Speaker 1: what does this mean to be an electron? Like, instead 392 00:21:00,000 --> 00:21:02,399 Speaker 1: of an electron, think of like a little black bag 393 00:21:02,720 --> 00:21:04,359 Speaker 1: that has some marbles in it, and you don't know 394 00:21:04,400 --> 00:21:07,399 Speaker 1: what the colors are, right, So, because there's always something 395 00:21:07,520 --> 00:21:10,359 Speaker 1: hidden about a quantum particle. So you know, say that 396 00:21:10,400 --> 00:21:12,840 Speaker 1: your electron is a bag of marbles and you don't 397 00:21:12,880 --> 00:21:14,640 Speaker 1: know how many blues and how many reds are in there. 398 00:21:15,040 --> 00:21:20,240 Speaker 1: Teleporting the electron means creating another bag in another place 399 00:21:20,640 --> 00:21:23,920 Speaker 1: that has the same probabilities of red marbles and blue 400 00:21:23,920 --> 00:21:26,720 Speaker 1: marbles in it inside of it. Inside, So you want 401 00:21:26,720 --> 00:21:29,879 Speaker 1: to capture the uncertainty of that quantum particle and recreate 402 00:21:29,920 --> 00:21:32,280 Speaker 1: that uncertainty. Somebody out there is thinking, oh, but you 403 00:21:32,320 --> 00:21:34,720 Speaker 1: can't measure everything about a particle and then copy it. 404 00:21:34,760 --> 00:21:37,159 Speaker 1: The quantum mechanics says you can't. You're right, quantum mechanics 405 00:21:37,160 --> 00:21:39,560 Speaker 1: says you can't. You can't measure the speed and position 406 00:21:39,600 --> 00:21:42,760 Speaker 1: of a particle and recreated somewhere else. That's impossible, and 407 00:21:42,760 --> 00:21:44,560 Speaker 1: that's not what you want. What you want to do 408 00:21:44,600 --> 00:21:47,439 Speaker 1: is copy the uncertainty of the particle and copy that 409 00:21:47,560 --> 00:21:50,639 Speaker 1: uncertainty somewhere else. So, like a random electron that I 410 00:21:50,680 --> 00:21:53,600 Speaker 1: have here and a random electron you have over there. Um, 411 00:21:53,640 --> 00:21:58,159 Speaker 1: they have different uncertainties. Yeah, exactly. Okay, so then the 412 00:21:58,160 --> 00:22:00,520 Speaker 1: goal is, like, how do I make my tron have 413 00:22:00,600 --> 00:22:04,080 Speaker 1: the same uncertainty as your electron over there, because you 414 00:22:04,119 --> 00:22:06,560 Speaker 1: can't just like look at uncertainty. If I look at 415 00:22:06,600 --> 00:22:09,679 Speaker 1: the uncertainty, it's no longer uncertain that's right. If you 416 00:22:09,720 --> 00:22:12,040 Speaker 1: open Shortinger's box, you find out if the cat is 417 00:22:12,040 --> 00:22:14,399 Speaker 1: dead or alive. That's not what you want. If you 418 00:22:14,480 --> 00:22:16,680 Speaker 1: have a box with the catinet that has a seventy 419 00:22:16,680 --> 00:22:19,359 Speaker 1: percent chance of being alive and you want to teleport 420 00:22:19,440 --> 00:22:21,280 Speaker 1: that box, what you want to do is create another 421 00:22:21,320 --> 00:22:23,280 Speaker 1: box somewhere else with the same chance of being alive 422 00:22:23,400 --> 00:22:25,479 Speaker 1: or dead. You don't want to open the box and say, oh, 423 00:22:25,520 --> 00:22:29,160 Speaker 1: it's dead, build a dead cat over there, right, that's 424 00:22:29,160 --> 00:22:30,919 Speaker 1: not what you want to do, And I transport the 425 00:22:30,960 --> 00:22:34,040 Speaker 1: same unopened box with the same uncertainties. Yeah, it's like, 426 00:22:34,080 --> 00:22:36,880 Speaker 1: we're all sure than in your box. But what makes 427 00:22:36,920 --> 00:22:39,119 Speaker 1: me unique is the probability that the cat is going 428 00:22:39,160 --> 00:22:41,520 Speaker 1: to be alive or than inside of my box. And 429 00:22:41,760 --> 00:22:43,760 Speaker 1: to copy myself over there, it means I have to 430 00:22:43,800 --> 00:22:46,199 Speaker 1: create a box over there with the exact same probability 431 00:22:46,359 --> 00:22:48,560 Speaker 1: is my box. The Daniel box is different than the 432 00:22:48,560 --> 00:22:52,240 Speaker 1: whore hip box. That's right, different dead cats inside Daniel's 433 00:22:53,080 --> 00:22:58,600 Speaker 1: sum up, which you just think. And so that's what 434 00:22:58,760 --> 00:23:03,200 Speaker 1: quantum teleportation of a single particle means, right, And and 435 00:23:03,520 --> 00:23:06,399 Speaker 1: how you do it is pretty tricky, encounterintuitive. You can't 436 00:23:06,480 --> 00:23:09,440 Speaker 1: use um classical ideas to do it because it's not 437 00:23:09,480 --> 00:23:12,320 Speaker 1: a classical thing, right, And I want to talk about 438 00:23:12,359 --> 00:23:27,879 Speaker 1: that some more, but first let's take a quick break. Okay, 439 00:23:27,920 --> 00:23:30,280 Speaker 1: So how would describe the experiment with the one you 440 00:23:30,320 --> 00:23:32,600 Speaker 1: said they beamed the space and back. Yeah. So the 441 00:23:32,640 --> 00:23:35,840 Speaker 1: way you do it is you use something called quantum entanglement, right, 442 00:23:36,359 --> 00:23:39,640 Speaker 1: And as we said before, particles can have uncertainty, right, say, 443 00:23:40,000 --> 00:23:42,000 Speaker 1: you know, electron is a seventy chance of being this 444 00:23:42,080 --> 00:23:43,760 Speaker 1: and a thirty percent chance of being that, right, And 445 00:23:43,760 --> 00:23:46,359 Speaker 1: so what you want to do is transfer that for information, 446 00:23:46,359 --> 00:23:48,760 Speaker 1: not uncertainty, somewhere else. And the way you do it 447 00:23:48,800 --> 00:23:52,320 Speaker 1: is by entangling two particles. Entangling means that the particles 448 00:23:52,359 --> 00:23:55,359 Speaker 1: are related, right, like that the probabilities for them to 449 00:23:55,400 --> 00:23:57,960 Speaker 1: be one thing or the other are connected to each other. Say, 450 00:23:58,000 --> 00:24:00,400 Speaker 1: for example, you only have one red marble and one 451 00:24:00,440 --> 00:24:02,359 Speaker 1: blue marble, and you don't look at them, but you 452 00:24:02,359 --> 00:24:04,520 Speaker 1: put them in different bags. Now, if you look in 453 00:24:04,600 --> 00:24:07,360 Speaker 1: one bag and you see it's red, you know instantaneously 454 00:24:07,400 --> 00:24:09,520 Speaker 1: the other one has to be blue. Right, Or if 455 00:24:09,520 --> 00:24:11,000 Speaker 1: you looked into one bag and it was blue, the 456 00:24:11,040 --> 00:24:13,119 Speaker 1: other one has to be red. So these two bags 457 00:24:13,119 --> 00:24:15,280 Speaker 1: are entangled because you know there's only one red and 458 00:24:15,359 --> 00:24:18,800 Speaker 1: one blue, because there you created a process that ties 459 00:24:18,840 --> 00:24:21,880 Speaker 1: them together, Like you created a rule that says, if 460 00:24:21,880 --> 00:24:23,560 Speaker 1: this one's red, then deal one has to be blue. 461 00:24:23,640 --> 00:24:26,080 Speaker 1: That's what you mean by entanglement exactly. That's right. So 462 00:24:26,119 --> 00:24:28,240 Speaker 1: now say you have one red marble one blue marble. 463 00:24:28,560 --> 00:24:29,760 Speaker 1: You don't look at them, but you put them in 464 00:24:29,800 --> 00:24:33,160 Speaker 1: different bags. You take one to China, right, and one 465 00:24:33,560 --> 00:24:36,320 Speaker 1: you live here in the US. Then you know instantaneously 466 00:24:36,400 --> 00:24:38,960 Speaker 1: something about the one in China, even if it's really 467 00:24:38,960 --> 00:24:41,760 Speaker 1: really far away. So like you know, you know before 468 00:24:41,800 --> 00:24:44,920 Speaker 1: I know what's in my bag, that's right, yeah, And 469 00:24:44,960 --> 00:24:47,560 Speaker 1: it doesn't matter how far away I am. Right, instantly, 470 00:24:47,600 --> 00:24:50,200 Speaker 1: I know you're thinking, all right, but it was either 471 00:24:50,240 --> 00:24:52,600 Speaker 1: red or blue the whole time, right, it's just about 472 00:24:52,640 --> 00:24:55,280 Speaker 1: what you know. That's true. For the marbles, but in 473 00:24:55,320 --> 00:24:58,879 Speaker 1: the case of quantum particles, they exist in these superposition estates, 474 00:24:58,880 --> 00:25:01,119 Speaker 1: which means that they are either red or blue or 475 00:25:01,160 --> 00:25:04,919 Speaker 1: their red and blue. Whether they're actually red or blue 476 00:25:05,000 --> 00:25:08,560 Speaker 1: is not determined until you open the bags shrouding yours cat, right, 477 00:25:08,560 --> 00:25:12,720 Speaker 1: it's both alive and dead with some probability. And so 478 00:25:12,920 --> 00:25:15,520 Speaker 1: in the quantum version of this, when you open your 479 00:25:15,520 --> 00:25:17,879 Speaker 1: bag and you see the quantum blue ball, it was 480 00:25:17,960 --> 00:25:20,120 Speaker 1: either red or blue until the moment you opened the bag, 481 00:25:20,200 --> 00:25:22,280 Speaker 1: and then it became blue. The other bag, which is 482 00:25:22,280 --> 00:25:24,920 Speaker 1: now in China really really far away, was also either 483 00:25:25,000 --> 00:25:27,200 Speaker 1: red or blue. But then when you opened the bag 484 00:25:27,200 --> 00:25:28,880 Speaker 1: in the US and found that it had a blue ball, 485 00:25:28,920 --> 00:25:31,320 Speaker 1: the one in China had to be red, and so 486 00:25:31,359 --> 00:25:33,960 Speaker 1: it went from being maybe both to only being read. 487 00:25:34,160 --> 00:25:37,439 Speaker 1: And so that's quantum entanglement, right. You have this probability 488 00:25:37,520 --> 00:25:39,600 Speaker 1: of these things, and then they collapse when you look 489 00:25:39,600 --> 00:25:41,960 Speaker 1: at one of them, which also collapses the other one, 490 00:25:41,960 --> 00:25:44,840 Speaker 1: which is really really far away. Essentially the way it 491 00:25:44,840 --> 00:25:47,520 Speaker 1: works without getting too technical, Matthei, now that one thing 492 00:25:47,520 --> 00:25:49,760 Speaker 1: you should know have a quantum mechanics is it's always 493 00:25:49,760 --> 00:25:53,040 Speaker 1: mad because it doesn't make any sense Okay, it just 494 00:25:53,119 --> 00:25:56,080 Speaker 1: doesn't make sense. Like you can't use logic, you can't 495 00:25:56,200 --> 00:25:58,800 Speaker 1: use your intuition, you can't use common sense to think 496 00:25:58,800 --> 00:26:01,640 Speaker 1: about quantum mechanics because it doesn't follow a common sense. 497 00:26:01,680 --> 00:26:06,560 Speaker 1: It only follows the map. You want to teleport the 498 00:26:06,600 --> 00:26:10,440 Speaker 1: Jorgete cat box to China, you would take two cat boxes, 499 00:26:10,800 --> 00:26:14,360 Speaker 1: entangled them, ship one of them to China, and then 500 00:26:14,680 --> 00:26:16,920 Speaker 1: and then do something to them. Right, that's right. Whatever 501 00:26:16,960 --> 00:26:18,920 Speaker 1: the thing is that you want to teleport, you put 502 00:26:18,960 --> 00:26:21,199 Speaker 1: that in the box with a cat Okay, you have 503 00:26:21,280 --> 00:26:26,120 Speaker 1: to entangle that with your set of entangled partners, okay, yeah, 504 00:26:26,160 --> 00:26:29,679 Speaker 1: and that will cause some information to be transmitted to 505 00:26:29,880 --> 00:26:33,439 Speaker 1: the other box. So you learn something about the local 506 00:26:33,480 --> 00:26:35,439 Speaker 1: cat box, and that tells you what you have to 507 00:26:35,520 --> 00:26:39,000 Speaker 1: do to the other cat box to create the state 508 00:26:39,040 --> 00:26:41,240 Speaker 1: that you want. So I need like a coreer cat 509 00:26:41,320 --> 00:26:44,440 Speaker 1: box that maybe talks to my cat box in a 510 00:26:44,520 --> 00:26:47,520 Speaker 1: quantum way, and then you send that to China, and 511 00:26:47,560 --> 00:26:50,480 Speaker 1: then you interact that one with the other cat box, 512 00:26:50,560 --> 00:26:55,120 Speaker 1: and suddenly the original cat boxes are the same quantum 513 00:26:55,160 --> 00:26:58,239 Speaker 1: mechanically exactly. And there's a critical step there, which is 514 00:26:58,359 --> 00:27:01,680 Speaker 1: you have to send the information to China because it's 515 00:27:01,720 --> 00:27:06,400 Speaker 1: not instantaneous. Right, These two objects, these quantum entangled objects 516 00:27:06,440 --> 00:27:10,640 Speaker 1: are connected via entanglement, and the entanglement does collapse instantaneously 517 00:27:10,680 --> 00:27:13,000 Speaker 1: when you interact with one. But in order to do 518 00:27:13,040 --> 00:27:16,119 Speaker 1: the teleportation to recreate the original state that you want 519 00:27:16,359 --> 00:27:19,119 Speaker 1: in another place, you have to send some information about 520 00:27:19,119 --> 00:27:23,320 Speaker 1: what happened with your entanglement over there, okay, right, And 521 00:27:23,359 --> 00:27:27,439 Speaker 1: so that sending of information can't happen happen instantaneously. You 522 00:27:27,520 --> 00:27:29,880 Speaker 1: beat it with lasers and you send a via pony Express, 523 00:27:29,880 --> 00:27:32,160 Speaker 1: you do something to get that information over there. You're 524 00:27:32,240 --> 00:27:35,280 Speaker 1: still limited to the speed of light. So even though 525 00:27:35,359 --> 00:27:38,679 Speaker 1: quantum teleportation is possible, I mean, you can transmit the 526 00:27:38,720 --> 00:27:41,919 Speaker 1: information necessary to recreate a quantum states somewhere else, you 527 00:27:42,040 --> 00:27:45,399 Speaker 1: can't do it faster than the speed of light, okay, 528 00:27:45,520 --> 00:27:50,800 Speaker 1: which is which is disappointing. So we'll never have instantaneous teleprotation. 529 00:27:51,000 --> 00:27:53,359 Speaker 1: It's still limited by the speed of light, still limited 530 00:27:53,400 --> 00:27:56,600 Speaker 1: by the speed of light. Even if we had teleportation, 531 00:27:56,840 --> 00:27:58,840 Speaker 1: it would still be as slow as the speed of light, 532 00:27:58,960 --> 00:28:00,840 Speaker 1: that's right, which is, you know, lot faster than l 533 00:28:00,840 --> 00:28:04,000 Speaker 1: a traffic, but it would still take a long time 534 00:28:04,040 --> 00:28:06,359 Speaker 1: to get to a neighboring star system. Right, So teleportation 535 00:28:06,440 --> 00:28:09,760 Speaker 1: solves your traffic problem and your laziness problem, but doesn't 536 00:28:09,760 --> 00:28:12,240 Speaker 1: solve the problem of trying to get to the stars faster. 537 00:28:12,600 --> 00:28:14,520 Speaker 1: And then the question is like, what is it like 538 00:28:14,640 --> 00:28:18,280 Speaker 1: to be you? Why you are beamed information? Right? We 539 00:28:18,320 --> 00:28:21,760 Speaker 1: talked about the experience of consciousness, right, So you get 540 00:28:21,760 --> 00:28:24,159 Speaker 1: in the box, you press the button, we decompose you 541 00:28:24,200 --> 00:28:27,640 Speaker 1: and tangle you, etcetera, etcetera, um and get the information 542 00:28:27,680 --> 00:28:30,520 Speaker 1: needed to send you to a far away place. But 543 00:28:30,680 --> 00:28:33,560 Speaker 1: that still takes millennia, right, what is that like? Are 544 00:28:33,600 --> 00:28:38,920 Speaker 1: you do experience? Do you still make puns even though 545 00:28:38,960 --> 00:28:42,240 Speaker 1: you're on board this ship? Maybe you make quantum puns, 546 00:28:42,240 --> 00:28:44,480 Speaker 1: which are sort of funny and not at the same time. 547 00:28:45,080 --> 00:28:49,040 Speaker 1: Usually kills a cat, always kills the cat. Um. And 548 00:28:49,080 --> 00:28:50,800 Speaker 1: the other thing is, you know you need something over 549 00:28:50,800 --> 00:28:53,760 Speaker 1: there to receive it. So you want to teleport things 550 00:28:53,760 --> 00:28:56,360 Speaker 1: to Alpha Centauri, you have to build a receiving station 551 00:28:56,400 --> 00:28:59,760 Speaker 1: with quantum entangled particles over there, um, and that you 552 00:28:59,840 --> 00:29:03,800 Speaker 1: need the phone booth over there exactly. So somebody's got 553 00:29:03,800 --> 00:29:06,240 Speaker 1: to get there the old fashioned way first and build 554 00:29:06,320 --> 00:29:09,560 Speaker 1: like a telebrotation receiving station before you can go down. 555 00:29:10,720 --> 00:29:13,520 Speaker 1: So we'll never have a Star Trek beam like in 556 00:29:13,520 --> 00:29:15,840 Speaker 1: the movies. Yeah, they were. I was never really clear 557 00:29:15,840 --> 00:29:17,720 Speaker 1: on that because in Star Trek they need to be 558 00:29:17,800 --> 00:29:20,719 Speaker 1: in the transporter room to get beamed. But they can 559 00:29:20,760 --> 00:29:24,240 Speaker 1: get beamed to anywhere, right or from anywhere. So why 560 00:29:24,240 --> 00:29:27,280 Speaker 1: can't they beam from one place to another place without 561 00:29:27,400 --> 00:29:30,720 Speaker 1: using the transporter room as an intermediate I never understood that. Well, 562 00:29:30,760 --> 00:29:33,440 Speaker 1: then Scottie would be out of the job, that's right, 563 00:29:33,800 --> 00:29:42,080 Speaker 1: probably because that would fix too many of the Okay, 564 00:29:42,160 --> 00:29:45,520 Speaker 1: So for our listeners sitting in traffic or in the 565 00:29:45,600 --> 00:29:50,760 Speaker 1: subway or board at work listening to this um, unfortunately, 566 00:29:50,840 --> 00:29:53,720 Speaker 1: they may might never teleport. I don't know. I think 567 00:29:53,720 --> 00:29:56,000 Speaker 1: it's I think we should summarize that it is possible. 568 00:29:56,080 --> 00:29:59,840 Speaker 1: My summary of that is it's possible for non fast, 569 00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:03,960 Speaker 1: the light teleportation of individual particles. That's been done. It's 570 00:30:04,000 --> 00:30:06,640 Speaker 1: been done over great distances and over more and more 571 00:30:06,640 --> 00:30:09,040 Speaker 1: complicated objects. The first thing they did was a photon, 572 00:30:09,200 --> 00:30:12,480 Speaker 1: and then an electron. Now they've done like an entire atom. Really, 573 00:30:12,760 --> 00:30:15,120 Speaker 1: so now the question is, yeah, the question is how 574 00:30:15,200 --> 00:30:18,040 Speaker 1: much can you do right to do this kind of teleprotation? 575 00:30:18,080 --> 00:30:20,240 Speaker 1: You need to have the quantum state of an object 576 00:30:20,520 --> 00:30:23,719 Speaker 1: entangled with something else. That's possible for tiny quantum objects 577 00:30:23,760 --> 00:30:26,400 Speaker 1: like particles, it's harder to imagine how it might work 578 00:30:26,400 --> 00:30:29,960 Speaker 1: for you know, hamster or a person um. That doesn't 579 00:30:29,960 --> 00:30:32,440 Speaker 1: mean it's impossible. It's no physical loss thing. You can't 580 00:30:32,560 --> 00:30:36,080 Speaker 1: do this, but it just sounds extraordinarily complicated and would 581 00:30:36,120 --> 00:30:38,600 Speaker 1: require a massive amounts of energy. Well, you know what 582 00:30:38,640 --> 00:30:40,440 Speaker 1: I usually tell my son when he tells me he 583 00:30:40,680 --> 00:30:43,240 Speaker 1: would love to teleport, I always tell him that teleportation 584 00:30:43,880 --> 00:30:47,040 Speaker 1: is possible. It just kind of depends on your state 585 00:30:47,040 --> 00:30:49,920 Speaker 1: of mind. You know, Like this morning, I just teleported 586 00:30:50,040 --> 00:30:55,440 Speaker 1: from Louisville, Kentucky. You know, technically, I walked into this 587 00:30:55,520 --> 00:30:59,200 Speaker 1: giant metal box, sat down, I did what I usually did, 588 00:30:59,240 --> 00:31:02,400 Speaker 1: which was leap right on my emails on my computer, 589 00:31:02,760 --> 00:31:05,120 Speaker 1: watch some TV. And then the next thing I knew, 590 00:31:05,280 --> 00:31:08,600 Speaker 1: I was in Los Angeles. You know, like you're just 591 00:31:08,640 --> 00:31:12,719 Speaker 1: gonna shift your mental state. Um, teleportation is kind of possible. 592 00:31:12,760 --> 00:31:14,960 Speaker 1: You're saying, if you're not really aware of your surroundings, 593 00:31:15,000 --> 00:31:17,000 Speaker 1: then it feels a lot like teleportation. Yeah, I mean 594 00:31:17,080 --> 00:31:20,200 Speaker 1: just kind of reorder the re order the sequence of 595 00:31:20,200 --> 00:31:22,480 Speaker 1: events in your head. That sounds like a typical dad answer. 596 00:31:22,560 --> 00:31:27,440 Speaker 1: Was he satisfied with that? Nothing you say is satisfation. 597 00:31:27,720 --> 00:31:29,160 Speaker 1: But you know, in a way, it's sort of it 598 00:31:29,240 --> 00:31:31,160 Speaker 1: just kind of depends on your point of view. You know, 599 00:31:31,320 --> 00:31:33,840 Speaker 1: like if you were sitting in traffic while you were 600 00:31:33,840 --> 00:31:35,880 Speaker 1: listening to us, you know, you were engaging what we 601 00:31:35,880 --> 00:31:38,320 Speaker 1: were saying, and then suddenly you were in a different place. 602 00:31:38,520 --> 00:31:42,440 Speaker 1: So in a way, I feel like teleportation, at least 603 00:31:42,520 --> 00:31:45,000 Speaker 1: kind of mentally as possible. That's maybe the lesson to 604 00:31:45,040 --> 00:31:46,880 Speaker 1: you folks out there sitting on the four or five 605 00:31:47,040 --> 00:31:49,640 Speaker 1: or you know, taking a long walk. Maybe you can 606 00:31:49,720 --> 00:31:52,480 Speaker 1: use this podcast to teleport yourself from one place to 607 00:31:52,520 --> 00:31:54,840 Speaker 1: the other so you don't notice the experience of your 608 00:31:54,840 --> 00:31:57,880 Speaker 1: actual travel. You just get in press play, listened to 609 00:31:57,880 --> 00:32:00,480 Speaker 1: too hilarious dudes talking about science, and then all of 610 00:32:00,520 --> 00:32:03,560 Speaker 1: a sudden you're at your destination. Yeah, it's not wasted 611 00:32:03,600 --> 00:32:07,239 Speaker 1: time if you don't waste it. That's right. Well, I'm 612 00:32:07,240 --> 00:32:10,160 Speaker 1: gonna go ahead and halt my teleprotation research program now 613 00:32:11,520 --> 00:32:14,680 Speaker 1: because you've solved the problem. Yeah, we saved a lot 614 00:32:14,720 --> 00:32:19,640 Speaker 1: of cats absolutely. Um. And so until that day when 615 00:32:19,640 --> 00:32:23,640 Speaker 1: teleprotation becomes an option for you to zip across the valley. 616 00:32:23,720 --> 00:32:25,920 Speaker 1: I hope you can just enjoy listening to our podcasts. 617 00:32:26,520 --> 00:32:28,600 Speaker 1: All right, well, thank you so much for listening to this. 618 00:32:29,200 --> 00:32:32,320 Speaker 1: I hope you get to your destination in a timely manner. 619 00:32:41,600 --> 00:32:43,920 Speaker 1: If you still have a question after listening to all 620 00:32:43,960 --> 00:32:47,160 Speaker 1: these explanations, please drop us a line. We'd love to 621 00:32:47,200 --> 00:32:49,600 Speaker 1: hear from you. You can find us at Facebook, Twitter, 622 00:32:49,720 --> 00:32:53,360 Speaker 1: and Instagram at Daniel and Jorge that's one word, or 623 00:32:53,480 --> 00:33:00,520 Speaker 1: email us at Feedback at Daniel and Jorge dot com.