WEBVTT - The Everglades: Wowee 0:00:01.000 --> 0:00:04.840 Hello friends, We will see you live in person somewhere 0:00:04.840 --> 0:00:06.920 in the United States this year. 0:00:07.280 --> 0:00:09.079 That's right to May twenty ninth. We're going to be 0:00:09.119 --> 0:00:11.119 in Medford, mass. On the thirtieth, we're going to be 0:00:11.119 --> 0:00:14.200 in Washington, DC, and then on May thirty first, right 0:00:14.240 --> 0:00:16.680 there in New York City. In August, we're going to 0:00:16.760 --> 0:00:21.040 hit Chicago, Minneapolis, and Indianapolis on August seventh, eighth, and ninth, 0:00:21.320 --> 0:00:23.239 and then we're going to wind out the year in 0:00:23.640 --> 0:00:26.680 Durham and Atlanta on September fifth and seventh. 0:00:26.800 --> 0:00:29.200 You can get all the info and ticket links that 0:00:29.240 --> 0:00:34.599 you need by going to linktree slash sysk Live or 0:00:34.760 --> 0:00:37.720 going to our website Stuff youshould Know dot com and 0:00:37.800 --> 0:00:39.000 clicking on the tour button. 0:00:43.000 --> 0:00:50.760 Welcome to Stuff you Should Know, a production of iHeartRadio. 0:00:52.840 --> 0:00:55.480 Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh, and there's 0:00:55.640 --> 0:00:58.520 Chuck and Jerry's here too, and this is stuff you 0:00:58.600 --> 0:00:59.360 shouldn't So. 0:01:00.880 --> 0:01:01.440 That's right. 0:01:02.080 --> 0:01:03.120 Do people still say that? 0:01:04.880 --> 0:01:05.160 Sure? 0:01:06.520 --> 0:01:08.679 I mean I just did so. I guess somebody does. 0:01:09.200 --> 0:01:11.640 I think of that every time I see one of those, 0:01:12.440 --> 0:01:14.640 you know, pharma commercials are the worst. 0:01:15.400 --> 0:01:17.040 Did they say Nizzo on that? A lot? 0:01:17.160 --> 0:01:20.800 Well, sky Rizzy is Oh, yeah, I can't even remember 0:01:20.840 --> 0:01:21.400 what it is. 0:01:22.040 --> 0:01:24.720 I think it's for rheumatoid arthritis, like everything is for 0:01:24.800 --> 0:01:25.880 rheumatoid arthritis. 0:01:26.560 --> 0:01:28.520 All I know is whenever I see those commercials, I 0:01:28.640 --> 0:01:31.760 just die laughing and think, what a terrible name. 0:01:32.959 --> 0:01:36.000 So I know a lot of those jingles, and I 0:01:36.040 --> 0:01:40.160 think sky Rizzies is nothing is everything? 0:01:41.319 --> 0:01:43.000 And then still Doug comes in at the end. 0:01:43.440 --> 0:01:49.080 Yeah he goes for shizzle with sky Rizzle. But yeah, 0:01:49.080 --> 0:01:51.480 I've had that same thought too, and it is pretty funny. 0:01:51.720 --> 0:01:53.440 All right, So enjoyed the free ad. 0:01:54.160 --> 0:01:59.680 Yeah, Novo Nordisk, whoever you might be h. Yeah, we're 0:01:59.680 --> 0:02:02.520 not talking talking about pharmaceuticals today, although I'm sure there's 0:02:02.560 --> 0:02:06.720 plenty of pharmaceuticals floating around where in the area we 0:02:06.800 --> 0:02:11.480 are talking about today, Okay, exactly, it's probably screwing the 0:02:11.480 --> 0:02:13.520 frogs up something fierce. 0:02:13.960 --> 0:02:15.760 Yeah, because we're talking. 0:02:15.480 --> 0:02:19.320 Today about the Everglades and I know at least one 0:02:19.360 --> 0:02:23.280 person who has been recently, and I'm sure thought it 0:02:23.320 --> 0:02:26.880 was amazing, but they're in a lot of trouble. It 0:02:26.960 --> 0:02:30.399 turns out there's a we've been monkeying with the Everglades 0:02:30.600 --> 0:02:34.720 in for a century or so, and it is starting 0:02:34.760 --> 0:02:37.600 to be like that is enough. I'm sick of this. 0:02:37.960 --> 0:02:40.239 You guys better restore me or else I'm gone. 0:02:40.919 --> 0:02:46.200 Were you talking about me? Yeah, okay, I didn't know. 0:02:46.360 --> 0:02:48.240 I thought you might have known someone else who recently went. 0:02:48.639 --> 0:02:51.240 You're the only human being I've ever met who's gone 0:02:51.240 --> 0:02:52.040 to the Everglades. 0:02:52.200 --> 0:02:53.360 That's not true. 0:02:54.200 --> 0:02:58.840 Yeah, Emily's Emily's parents moved down that way or at 0:02:58.919 --> 0:03:00.160 least yeah, part time. 0:03:00.520 --> 0:03:01.040 Oh cool. 0:03:01.280 --> 0:03:07.600 And we took a boat, an airboat tour of part 0:03:07.680 --> 0:03:10.880 of the Everglades, a very tiny, tiny, tiny part obviously. 0:03:11.320 --> 0:03:13.240 Hey, you sent Jerry and I a little video of 0:03:13.280 --> 0:03:14.079 you on the airboat. 0:03:14.160 --> 0:03:16.880 Yeah, riding Toothless. It's my first airboat experience. 0:03:17.320 --> 0:03:17.920 What'd you think. 0:03:18.840 --> 0:03:22.040 Well, they're super loud, so it's not like a relaxing 0:03:22.919 --> 0:03:24.160 boat ride, not. 0:03:24.240 --> 0:03:27.160 For you, not for the wildlife, not for anybody. 0:03:27.360 --> 0:03:28.880 Yeah. I wondered about all that. 0:03:29.520 --> 0:03:32.520 But I getting in the Everglades, and I had done 0:03:32.560 --> 0:03:35.920 a previous probably one of the most amazing trips I 0:03:35.960 --> 0:03:39.440 ever did was a three nighter in the Okefinocch Swamp. 0:03:40.360 --> 0:03:45.400 So I've always been sort of entranced by swamp land. 0:03:46.680 --> 0:03:49.240 And when I was down there, especially now that I'm older. 0:03:49.280 --> 0:03:52.160 The okey pinoke thing was twenty something years ago. Sure, 0:03:52.280 --> 0:03:54.440 I was like, you know, when you're older, you just 0:03:54.480 --> 0:03:55.400 appreciate things a little more. 0:03:55.440 --> 0:03:58.119 I think like that, Oh definitely, when you're a kid, 0:03:58.120 --> 0:03:59.480 you don't know what the heck's going on. 0:03:59.720 --> 0:04:03.520 Yeah, so I just marveled at the mainly the bird life, honestly, 0:04:03.560 --> 0:04:06.920 Like the alligators were fine, but the birds is what 0:04:07.240 --> 0:04:10.440 really are what really knocked me out. And you know, 0:04:10.520 --> 0:04:12.840 like this is how we learn stuff. As we see stuff, 0:04:13.200 --> 0:04:15.160 we think, oh, well, think I got a job where 0:04:15.160 --> 0:04:18.560 I can actually learn that for you know, as part 0:04:18.600 --> 0:04:22.240 of my weekly pay right. And so here we are, 0:04:22.440 --> 0:04:23.960 and so here we are, and it was amazing and 0:04:23.960 --> 0:04:25.200 I'm super excited about it. 0:04:25.440 --> 0:04:27.560 Well, what questions did you have that made you want 0:04:27.560 --> 0:04:28.920 to research the Everglades more? 0:04:30.440 --> 0:04:32.640 I mean, just to know more about it. Our airboat 0:04:32.680 --> 0:04:37.560 guy shout out to Kenny, like true interior Florida man. 0:04:38.480 --> 0:04:40.359 But he knew a lot, it seemed like, and he 0:04:40.480 --> 0:04:43.280 was giving us some pretty good information. I feel like 0:04:43.480 --> 0:04:45.760 it wasn't just like driving us around. He was into it, 0:04:46.560 --> 0:04:50.359 working for those tips, you know, sure, but just you know, 0:04:50.440 --> 0:04:51.440 it was just a tip of the. 0:04:52.880 --> 0:04:54.520 Mangrove, so to speak. 0:04:54.520 --> 0:04:57.520 Very nice, thank you, and by the bye. Kenny is 0:04:57.560 --> 0:04:59.920 such an interior Florida man. He once robbed a guest 0:05:00.320 --> 0:05:05.720 with a snake. Has that, Yes, at least once? For sure? 0:05:06.160 --> 0:05:06.920 That's pretty smart. 0:05:06.960 --> 0:05:09.280 Actually, I'd give up the cash register if the one 0:05:09.320 --> 0:05:10.240 put a snake in my base. 0:05:10.360 --> 0:05:14.000 Sure for sure. So okay. So for those of you 0:05:14.040 --> 0:05:16.040 who don't know, and there's probably plenty of you who 0:05:16.080 --> 0:05:18.400 don't know exactly where the Everglades are, although I would 0:05:18.440 --> 0:05:22.080 wager that you've heard of them, but they essentially are 0:05:22.120 --> 0:05:26.120 a well, I wanted to say, a wetlands, but there is. 0:05:26.279 --> 0:05:32.240 It's a patchwork of diverse ecosystems that are extremely unique, 0:05:32.640 --> 0:05:37.000 peculiar to the southern half of Florida. Essentially, if you 0:05:37.040 --> 0:05:42.560 want to talk geography and natural history, they go from 0:05:43.040 --> 0:05:46.679 just below Orlando all the way down to the Florida Keys. 0:05:47.000 --> 0:05:52.279 That's technically the Everglades. And then there's one strip from 0:05:52.279 --> 0:05:55.080 about Palm Beach down to Miami of high ground that 0:05:55.160 --> 0:05:59.000 holds the Everglades in place, and that represents the one 0:05:59.080 --> 0:06:02.000 border aside from the top or the Gulf of Mexico 0:06:02.520 --> 0:06:06.720 or the Florida keys is that bounds the Everglades. Does 0:06:06.760 --> 0:06:07.359 that make sense? 0:06:07.480 --> 0:06:10.600 Yeah, totally, And it's a part of what makes the 0:06:10.600 --> 0:06:14.560 Everglades so unique. And you mentioned different ecosystems. There's a 0:06:14.560 --> 0:06:21.640 bunch of overlapping ecosystems that don't normally overlap necessarily elsewhere 0:06:21.680 --> 0:06:24.719 in the world, which is always gonna you know, anytime 0:06:24.760 --> 0:06:28.080 you have brackish or salty watery mixing in in places 0:06:28.080 --> 0:06:31.320 with fresh water, it's just going to create a unique environment. 0:06:31.400 --> 0:06:37.039 And the Everglades are that. It is seminole for well, actually, 0:06:37.040 --> 0:06:41.839 the Seminole name for everglades is pahe oki and it 0:06:41.920 --> 0:06:46.520 means grassy waters. And they have called them grassy waters 0:06:46.800 --> 0:06:50.040 various people or river glades for a long long time 0:06:50.120 --> 0:06:53.839 until finally, in eighteen twenty three the word everglades first 0:06:53.880 --> 0:06:54.720 appeared on a map. 0:06:55.680 --> 0:06:59.240 Yeah, and everglades itself is just one of those words 0:06:59.279 --> 0:07:01.520 you've heard so long you kind of take for granted 0:07:01.560 --> 0:07:04.240 it's its own thing, but it actually has an English 0:07:04.279 --> 0:07:07.000 meaning too. A glade is a big grassy opening in 0:07:07.040 --> 0:07:10.360 a wooded area, and ever is kind of like a 0:07:10.520 --> 0:07:14.760 short for forever, so it's like this endless glade and 0:07:14.920 --> 0:07:17.440 what they're talking about is that river of grass. There's 0:07:17.440 --> 0:07:23.640 actually a couple of what are called sloughs slu sl 0:07:23.680 --> 0:07:26.400 o u g h is how it's pronounced in America, 0:07:26.560 --> 0:07:30.000 or how it's spelled in America. You pronounce it slough 0:07:30.760 --> 0:07:36.480 and you punctuate it with an eagles cry. And the 0:07:36.640 --> 0:07:39.120 slews are kind of what most people probably think about 0:07:39.120 --> 0:07:42.400 when they're thinking of the Everglades. It's it's wet, marshy, 0:07:42.440 --> 0:07:45.520 wetland that's pretty much flooded year round, with a specific 0:07:45.600 --> 0:07:49.200 kind of grass called sawgrass that can grow anywhere. You 0:07:49.240 --> 0:07:52.520 could take some sawgrass to the moon and it'll be like, great, thanks, 0:07:52.640 --> 0:07:56.600 I'm gonna drive here. It'll grow in the water, it'll 0:07:56.640 --> 0:07:59.160 grow on dry land, it'll grow in saltwater, it'll grow 0:07:59.200 --> 0:08:03.040 on rush water. It'll grow under basically any condition. And 0:08:03.120 --> 0:08:06.480 so it's this flooded grassland that are really just a 0:08:06.520 --> 0:08:10.200 couple of specific ecosystems that make up the Everglades. Are 0:08:10.280 --> 0:08:12.520 what most people think of when they think Everglades, but 0:08:12.560 --> 0:08:14.960 it's far from the complete picture. 0:08:15.480 --> 0:08:20.160 Yeah, And when we were driving over those grasses and well, 0:08:20.400 --> 0:08:22.640 you couldn't tell because they look like little roads through 0:08:22.680 --> 0:08:26.880 their little wet roads. I was like are these here 0:08:26.960 --> 0:08:30.600 because you drive over them? And he said yes, And 0:08:30.920 --> 0:08:33.199 he said and I think he saw my frownie face, 0:08:33.640 --> 0:08:35.800 but he said, man, this stuff drives up and grows 0:08:35.880 --> 0:08:39.200 right back up and you'd never know any anyone was here. Yeah, 0:08:39.240 --> 0:08:42.000 at least in this part. So you know, I still 0:08:42.000 --> 0:08:44.000 say it was fairly disturbing at least a noise. 0:08:44.600 --> 0:08:48.000 Well, it's less impactful than the other mode of transport 0:08:48.000 --> 0:08:51.120 they use in very swampy areas called swamp buggies, which 0:08:51.160 --> 0:08:54.640 are just have these huge tires that you can't possibly 0:08:54.679 --> 0:08:58.040 get stuck in. Those definitely are more disruptive to the 0:08:58.480 --> 0:08:59.880 ecosystem than an airboat. 0:09:00.360 --> 0:09:03.680 Yeah, And I was, I mean, every time he stopped 0:09:03.760 --> 0:09:06.480 and turned that engine off, I would look down and 0:09:06.520 --> 0:09:10.559 I was like, Kenny, brother, we're in three inches of water. Yeah, 0:09:10.559 --> 0:09:12.760 And he said, it doesn't take much. Man, he just 0:09:12.840 --> 0:09:14.560 goosed this thing and it'll get you going. 0:09:15.040 --> 0:09:15.640 Yeah. 0:09:15.679 --> 0:09:19.920 And also every time he stopped it and then would 0:09:19.960 --> 0:09:22.640 re crank that you know, it sounds like an airplane motor. 0:09:22.640 --> 0:09:27.640 It kind of is. I guess I was. All I 0:09:27.640 --> 0:09:29.720 could think of was please start. 0:09:30.880 --> 0:09:33.240 Oh, yeah, for sure, because it's a little. 0:09:33.040 --> 0:09:35.160 Like there's something about swamps when I was in the 0:09:35.160 --> 0:09:37.719 Oke Pinoki. It's the same thing, and it's not just alligators. 0:09:37.720 --> 0:09:40.440 But I think it's just not being able to see 0:09:40.840 --> 0:09:44.400 into the water, you know, because that water looks like, 0:09:44.559 --> 0:09:48.160 you know, brood iced tea. There's just something scary. Like 0:09:48.200 --> 0:09:50.600 when I was a kid, I remember thinking there was 0:09:50.679 --> 0:09:54.560 nothing scarier than because I'd seen a lot of movies 0:09:54.600 --> 0:09:56.880 like set in swamps and stuff. I was like, there's 0:09:56.920 --> 0:09:59.959 nothing scarier. If you go into a swamp, you're gonna die. Yeah, 0:10:00.120 --> 0:10:01.320 and that's just not true. 0:10:01.760 --> 0:10:04.800 That was the clear lesson from swamp thing and swamp 0:10:04.840 --> 0:10:06.640 thing too totally. 0:10:07.280 --> 0:10:10.720 Olivia helped us with this, But it's also important that 0:10:10.760 --> 0:10:15.120 we point out that there's Everglades National Park, and then 0:10:15.160 --> 0:10:19.640 the Florida Everglades and Everglades National Park encompasses a lot 0:10:19.679 --> 0:10:22.280 of areas that aren't what we think of as Everglades, 0:10:22.800 --> 0:10:26.079 and the Everglades extend well beyond the boundaries of the 0:10:26.160 --> 0:10:27.080 park itself as well. 0:10:27.640 --> 0:10:30.480 Yeah, it sounds a lot more confusing than it is. 0:10:30.520 --> 0:10:34.040 We'll line it all up into neat, little tidy packages 0:10:34.080 --> 0:10:35.080 for everybody. How about that? 0:10:35.400 --> 0:10:40.080 How about this Everglade very large National park, smaller area 0:10:40.200 --> 0:10:46.839 within and beyond. 0:10:43.640 --> 0:10:46.680 You did it. We can end the podcast right here, 0:10:46.760 --> 0:10:50.360 essentially because you already mentioned alligators, birds, and iced tea 0:10:50.600 --> 0:10:52.360 swamp water. So we're good. 0:10:52.720 --> 0:10:54.800 Well, I think we should talk history because you dug 0:10:54.880 --> 0:10:58.920 up some it looks like sort of the quintessential rundown 0:10:59.600 --> 0:11:00.480 of how we got there? 0:11:00.559 --> 0:11:02.880 Right, my friend, Yes, I wrote. 0:11:02.559 --> 0:11:04.240 That that was good stuff. 0:11:04.520 --> 0:11:07.400 Thank you very much. I appreciate that. I for some reason, 0:11:07.600 --> 0:11:09.719 when I started to research a little more and more 0:11:09.760 --> 0:11:11.880 of the natural history of the Everglades, they just got 0:11:11.920 --> 0:11:16.599 more and more fascinated. So's so the Florida Florida is 0:11:16.600 --> 0:11:18.800 a peninsula for those of you who don't know, and 0:11:18.840 --> 0:11:22.680 it's on top of some very very solid bedrock part 0:11:22.679 --> 0:11:25.920 of the continental plate that it's on, but a top 0:11:26.040 --> 0:11:29.680 that is a layer of limestone bedrock, and it's formed 0:11:29.720 --> 0:11:33.040 from old like corals and shells. Because for a very 0:11:33.120 --> 0:11:37.640 long time what's now Florida was under a sea or 0:11:37.679 --> 0:11:38.640 an ocean. 0:11:38.360 --> 0:11:42.160 Right yeah, and potentially might be again one day. 0:11:43.200 --> 0:11:46.360 Right. So over time there's like sea level changes and 0:11:46.440 --> 0:11:48.280 rises because you know, the Earth likes to go through 0:11:48.320 --> 0:11:55.320 glacial and interglacial periods, and the during the last period 0:11:55.400 --> 0:12:00.360 where the ocean covered Florida. A new layer of really 0:12:00.400 --> 0:12:04.440 poorous limestone was laid down a top of the limestone bedrock, 0:12:05.040 --> 0:12:08.400 and that forms what's called the Biscayne Aquifer. And that 0:12:08.520 --> 0:12:12.920 aquifer is a holding tank essentially for drinking water for 0:12:12.960 --> 0:12:17.040 the nine million people who live on along the Atlantic 0:12:17.080 --> 0:12:22.160 coast of Florida. And it's just super flat. I think 0:12:22.160 --> 0:12:24.439 there's a difference in elevation chuck from the bottom of 0:12:24.520 --> 0:12:28.679 Lake Okachobee, which is essentially the northern boundary now of 0:12:28.720 --> 0:12:31.720 the Everglades, all the way down to the Florida Keys, 0:12:32.320 --> 0:12:35.079 it just drops by like twelve to fifteen feet I 0:12:35.120 --> 0:12:37.559 think in elevation all those hundreds of miles. 0:12:38.080 --> 0:12:41.680 And that is one thing I love about Florida, especially 0:12:41.720 --> 0:12:45.600 when I was a kid too, is you know, it's 0:12:45.640 --> 0:12:49.160 hot and stuff, but walking and jogging and riding bikes 0:12:49.200 --> 0:12:51.760 and stuff, they don't have any of those hills. So 0:12:51.800 --> 0:12:56.680 it's just much more palatable for a dude like me. Yeah, 0:12:56.760 --> 0:13:00.160 it is very flats, the hills or the killers, you 0:13:00.160 --> 0:13:01.120 know exactly. 0:13:01.920 --> 0:13:04.640 Yeah, everybody knows that for sure. It doesn't matter whether 0:13:04.640 --> 0:13:08.520 you're walking, whether you're biking, whether you're rolling uphill. It sucks. 0:13:09.160 --> 0:13:11.240 The important part that you mentioned though, is that there's 0:13:11.760 --> 0:13:15.560 there's not much elevation rise and change, but Florida does 0:13:15.679 --> 0:13:22.440 slope just ever so slightly, I guess what southeast, and 0:13:22.520 --> 0:13:26.559 so all the water in Florida wants to go southeast. 0:13:27.360 --> 0:13:30.760 It does, but it runs into that Atlantic Coastal Ridge, 0:13:31.040 --> 0:13:34.400 which sounds tall, but at its tallest point it's like 0:13:34.480 --> 0:13:35.959 twenty feet above sea level. 0:13:36.080 --> 0:13:37.959 Yeah, that's a ridge, but Florida. 0:13:37.640 --> 0:13:41.839 Is so flat that that actually contains the water in 0:13:41.880 --> 0:13:44.720 the Everglades from going and spilling off into the Atlantic, 0:13:44.800 --> 0:13:48.720 So it funnels it down toward that southern southwestern part 0:13:48.720 --> 0:13:52.079 of Florida. And over time, as sea levels rose and 0:13:52.280 --> 0:13:54.400 declined to rose in decline. When we went through glacial 0:13:54.400 --> 0:13:57.840 periods the last time at the end of the Last 0:13:57.920 --> 0:14:01.440 Ice Age, which is about twelve thousand years ago, sea 0:14:01.480 --> 0:14:06.440 level started to kind of stabilize. And the current climate 0:14:06.480 --> 0:14:12.560 that Florida has this subtropical monsoonal climate where there's a 0:14:12.640 --> 0:14:14.839 dry season in a rainy season, and they're in the 0:14:14.920 --> 0:14:17.959 rainy season, it really rains. There's hurricanes, that kind of stuff. 0:14:18.400 --> 0:14:20.680 That started around the end of the Last Ice Age, right, 0:14:21.120 --> 0:14:24.000 and so over that last twelve thousand years, that big 0:14:24.040 --> 0:14:27.120 old Lake Okeechobee that forms the northern boundary of the 0:14:27.160 --> 0:14:30.640 Everglades would periodically flood, and it would send a ton 0:14:30.680 --> 0:14:34.320 of water down toward the bottom of Florida, the southern 0:14:34.640 --> 0:14:39.400 southwestern tip. Simultaneously, all of that sea level rise and 0:14:39.520 --> 0:14:43.880 decline deposited things like shells and mud and all sorts 0:14:43.880 --> 0:14:46.680 of stuff, and that formed a natural dam, a barrier 0:14:47.560 --> 0:14:50.480 that keeps a lot of the water from flowing out 0:14:50.600 --> 0:14:54.720 of the southwestern part of Florida. And it forms the Everglades, 0:14:54.760 --> 0:14:59.160 which is essentially an extremely slow moving body of water. 0:14:59.680 --> 0:15:02.440 That is, it moves so slowly that the water has 0:15:02.480 --> 0:15:05.600 time to percolate downward through the soil into the aquifer, 0:15:05.840 --> 0:15:09.600 become purified and be held. So during times of the 0:15:09.640 --> 0:15:12.920 wet season, it's a big repository for storm water. During 0:15:12.920 --> 0:15:15.480 the dry season, it's a source of drinking water for 0:15:15.560 --> 0:15:17.000 the people who live in Florida. 0:15:17.840 --> 0:15:21.880 And some say that a drop of water, some meaning you, 0:15:22.040 --> 0:15:23.960 and I imagine you got this from somewhere. 0:15:23.960 --> 0:15:25.640 Right, I didn't make that reputable. 0:15:26.040 --> 0:15:27.800 That a drop of water takes about a year or 0:15:27.840 --> 0:15:32.560 to go from Lake Okachobee to the Florida Bay, which 0:15:32.680 --> 0:15:36.080 you know all of this talk sounds like Florida is 0:15:36.120 --> 0:15:39.000 a very scary place. It sounds like it's held together 0:15:39.160 --> 0:15:42.240 by you know, reedy roots and duct tape. 0:15:42.560 --> 0:15:45.200 It essentially is, for sure, But it's so flat that 0:15:45.200 --> 0:15:48.600 you're really not in any danger. And it's also very shallow. 0:15:49.320 --> 0:15:52.560 I think that Florida Bay that extends between the Florida 0:15:52.600 --> 0:15:57.600 Keys and the southernmost tip of the Florida Mainland, that's 0:15:57.640 --> 0:15:59.720 like five feet an average of five feet deep. 0:16:00.320 --> 0:16:01.680 Could you walk to the Florida Keys? 0:16:02.560 --> 0:16:04.720 I believe so. Yeah, because from what I saw, the 0:16:04.800 --> 0:16:07.960 average the average depth is three water. Yes, that it 0:16:08.080 --> 0:16:09.200 is five feet. 0:16:09.880 --> 0:16:10.600 That's pretty cool. 0:16:10.640 --> 0:16:12.560 We should, It's pretty cool. I never thought about that, 0:16:12.600 --> 0:16:14.480 but yeah, you could from what I from what I 0:16:14.480 --> 0:16:15.160 can tell. 0:16:15.920 --> 0:16:17.480 If it can be done, it has been done. 0:16:17.520 --> 0:16:19.280 I'm sure you'd think so for sure. 0:16:19.440 --> 0:16:22.800 I mean, I imagine Jimmy Buffett walked Traverse that many times. 0:16:23.080 --> 0:16:26.120 Probably in his life. Uh. 0:16:26.520 --> 0:16:28.400 Is that good? On natural history? Should we take a break? 0:16:28.840 --> 0:16:31.320 I think so? Did? Do we cover everything? I don't remember? 0:16:31.600 --> 0:16:34.120 I think so. I think that spells it up very nicely. 0:16:34.400 --> 0:16:36.800 All Right, So we're gonna take a break, and we're 0:16:36.800 --> 0:16:39.480 gonna come back and talk about what Livia calls America's 0:16:39.480 --> 0:17:10.679 greatest swamp. All right, so we covered natural history, we 0:17:10.680 --> 0:17:15.399 should talk about the people of Florida. Southern Florida was 0:17:16.600 --> 0:17:19.399 it was really as far as you know, settling the 0:17:19.440 --> 0:17:22.480 America's it was one of the last pieces of the 0:17:22.520 --> 0:17:24.400 Americas to be settled by human beings. 0:17:25.440 --> 0:17:26.960 But there's still. 0:17:28.280 --> 0:17:32.040 Like I think twelve hundred BCE is where the indigenous 0:17:32.040 --> 0:17:35.239 population started out there, so still nothing to sneeze at. 0:17:36.080 --> 0:17:41.040 H And you know, you still see that that indigenous uh, 0:17:41.440 --> 0:17:44.280 I guess representation sort of everywhere. It's just it feels 0:17:44.400 --> 0:17:49.120 thick just from the names and just kind of everywhere 0:17:49.119 --> 0:17:53.280 you go. It's it's it's a it's as parent almost 0:17:53.359 --> 0:17:58.000 as if you were I feel like out west of 0:17:58.040 --> 0:18:01.200 the unit in the United States, like you get a 0:18:01.240 --> 0:18:03.280 little bit of that in Georgia and the Carolinas, but 0:18:03.640 --> 0:18:05.080 it just feels heavier in Florida. 0:18:06.080 --> 0:18:09.000 For sure. Yeah, there's a lot of Native American words 0:18:09.040 --> 0:18:12.600 that are used as place names still for sure. Is 0:18:12.640 --> 0:18:13.119 that what you're mean? 0:18:13.400 --> 0:18:15.359 Yeah, I mean more than that, but it feels like 0:18:15.400 --> 0:18:18.000 a clunky way to say what I probably didn't even 0:18:18.040 --> 0:18:18.800 get across. 0:18:19.080 --> 0:18:22.640 Well, the thing about the Everglades is it's how's people for, 0:18:22.920 --> 0:18:25.560 like you said, a very long time, thousands of years. 0:18:26.760 --> 0:18:29.560 And I think what blew my mind is the Everglades 0:18:29.600 --> 0:18:32.040 is we know them today, whereas I guess we would 0:18:32.040 --> 0:18:34.760 have known them if we came upon them in eighteen 0:18:34.920 --> 0:18:38.639 fifty or something like that. They were only like three thousand, 0:18:38.720 --> 0:18:40.760 thirty two hundred years old from what I saw. I 0:18:40.760 --> 0:18:43.399 saw some places five thousand, but I think the National 0:18:43.440 --> 0:18:46.200 Park Service said they're only about three thousand years old. 0:18:46.680 --> 0:18:49.560 So people and the Everglades kind of came around that 0:18:49.680 --> 0:18:53.840 area around the same time, and they've been inhabited in 0:18:53.920 --> 0:18:59.920 some way, shape or form ever since. Because as Europeans 0:19:00.040 --> 0:19:02.879 pushed further and further west and further and further south, 0:19:03.520 --> 0:19:07.480 the Everglade you couldn't do anything with them. When Florida 0:19:07.520 --> 0:19:12.240 first was settled by European people of European ancestry, they 0:19:12.240 --> 0:19:15.520 were like, this is just a completely valueless expanse of swamp. 0:19:15.520 --> 0:19:16.639 We can't do anything with this. 0:19:17.160 --> 0:19:19.639 You go live there, yeah, for sure, and you know 0:19:19.800 --> 0:19:22.320 in a sec we'll get to like, you know, kind 0:19:22.320 --> 0:19:25.400 of what the United States started doing once they acquired 0:19:25.400 --> 0:19:30.159 Florida from Spain in eighteen nineteen with the Adams Was 0:19:30.200 --> 0:19:33.080 it onus treaty? That's probably not pronouncing it right. 0:19:33.520 --> 0:19:34.800 I'm not sure. I didn't see that one. 0:19:35.440 --> 0:19:38.439 Well, that was the treaty where the United States got Florida. 0:19:39.000 --> 0:19:44.480 But as far as original inhabitants, we're talking about the Tequesta, 0:19:44.720 --> 0:19:47.240 the Yaga, and I don't know. I tried to find 0:19:47.240 --> 0:19:49.880 the pronunciation for the Ais tribe. 0:19:50.000 --> 0:19:50.679 Do you know what that is? 0:19:51.119 --> 0:19:53.320 Yeah? It was Ais. It was an abbreviation. 0:19:55.400 --> 0:19:56.040 That's pretty good. 0:19:56.480 --> 0:19:57.840 I thighs. 0:19:57.880 --> 0:20:00.439 Maybe maybe I tried to find as it's hard to 0:20:00.440 --> 0:20:02.760 dig up pronunciation sometimes for some of this stuff. But 0:20:03.640 --> 0:20:05.360 they lived on the East coast, and then you had 0:20:05.359 --> 0:20:10.600 the Caloosa in the Southwest, and then you know, they're 0:20:10.640 --> 0:20:13.960 all over the Everglades. They're living there and they're in 0:20:14.000 --> 0:20:16.880 they're raised huts. What were those called chickie huts? 0:20:17.440 --> 0:20:20.719 Yeah, and those were seminole, I believe a seminole invention, 0:20:20.800 --> 0:20:23.080 which is just like a platform like the one you 0:20:23.119 --> 0:20:25.080 stayed on in the Okefinoki swamp. 0:20:25.600 --> 0:20:28.480 Well keeps even better, right, but it has. 0:20:28.400 --> 0:20:31.240 Like sides and a roof and stuff like that. Yeah, 0:20:31.280 --> 0:20:33.520 So it's a house. It's a platform house that was 0:20:33.560 --> 0:20:37.160 designed to be to be lived in in the Everglades. 0:20:37.480 --> 0:20:41.320 Yeah, in the Everglades. You mentioned Seminole. They were formed 0:20:41.920 --> 0:20:46.080 from a lot of displaced Creek Indians, some other indigenous groups, 0:20:46.480 --> 0:20:49.600 and then there were some Africans who were, you know, 0:20:50.000 --> 0:20:53.600 fleeing the slave trade, and a lot of these people 0:20:53.800 --> 0:20:56.959 ended up just sort of hiding in the Everglades because 0:20:57.000 --> 0:20:58.520 it is a great place to hide. 0:20:58.720 --> 0:21:01.960 Yeah, and so still there there's Seminole tribe. The Seminole 0:21:02.000 --> 0:21:04.760 tribe has a reservation in Big Cyprus, one of their 0:21:04.880 --> 0:21:09.359 reservations in Florida, and the Mikosuk tribe apparently is made 0:21:09.400 --> 0:21:14.199 up of like former Creek members that rather than be 0:21:14.280 --> 0:21:18.639 moved westward to Oklahoma during Indian removal, they said nope, 0:21:18.680 --> 0:21:21.360 I'm staying down here, and they ended up forming basically 0:21:21.359 --> 0:21:23.959 their own tribe over time that's still around today. 0:21:24.320 --> 0:21:27.200 I kind of like the idea of we're going to 0:21:27.240 --> 0:21:29.280 be in the middle of the Everglades, come and find. 0:21:29.119 --> 0:21:30.880 Us, That's exactly what they did. 0:21:31.160 --> 0:21:31.600 Yeah. 0:21:31.680 --> 0:21:34.320 Yeah, they were like, well we'll go brave this. You. Yeah, 0:21:34.359 --> 0:21:36.000 you come after us if you want to see what 0:21:36.040 --> 0:21:37.440 happens malaria boy. 0:21:37.840 --> 0:21:39.640 And then I'm there going don't go in there. 0:21:39.720 --> 0:21:42.639 You die if you go into a swamp exact, you 0:21:42.640 --> 0:21:43.720 don't know what's under that water. 0:21:43.840 --> 0:21:46.120 It's the lesson of swamp thing and. 0:21:46.080 --> 0:21:48.320 Where they're like, uh, you know what's under this water? Food? 0:21:48.760 --> 0:21:49.639