WEBVTT - Short Stuff: Death Cap Mushroom

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<v Speaker 1>Hey, and welcome to the short stuff. Josh here, Chuck here,

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<v Speaker 1>Jerry No here, Dave no here. That's okay because, like

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<v Speaker 1>I said, it's a short stuff.

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<v Speaker 2>Good Eve being everyone, we are. Death Cap Mushroom.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, that's a great one.

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<v Speaker 2>It's a metal band right for sure.

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<v Speaker 1>Even just death cap would work too, death Cap for

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<v Speaker 1>Qtie even would be cool.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh man, I like those guys, Yeah, they're great.

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<v Speaker 1>Did you like Postal Service?

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<v Speaker 3>I love the Postal Service more than death Cab.

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<v Speaker 1>It's just the one dude from death Cab, right, isn't

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<v Speaker 1>his solo?

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<v Speaker 3>Probably not solo, he Ben Gibbert. He linked up with

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<v Speaker 3>someone else. It's like him and another guy. I can't

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<v Speaker 3>remember the other guy. But man, I love that Postal

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<v Speaker 3>Service record.

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<v Speaker 1>Okay, good good. So I'm glad you did. I'm glad

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<v Speaker 1>they made it. Then me too. So we're not talking

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<v Speaker 1>about death Cap for Cutie. We're talking about death cap mushrooms.

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<v Speaker 1>Not for you, I think is the main message.

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<v Speaker 2>Here, not for Cutis or anyone.

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<v Speaker 1>No. And the reason they call it death cat mushroom

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<v Speaker 1>is because it can kill you if you eat it.

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<v Speaker 1>It's not necessarily an automatic death sentence. But apparently the

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<v Speaker 1>fatality rate from eating this mushroom is ten to fifteen

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<v Speaker 1>percent of people who eat it. High.

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<v Speaker 3>That's in this house to berks article, they are like,

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<v Speaker 3>you know, that's pretty low.

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<v Speaker 1>I'm like not to me, no, that's I mean, that's

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<v Speaker 1>really high. Look at white button mushrooms, buddy, it's almost

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<v Speaker 1>like zero. And I think the people who do die

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<v Speaker 1>from eating white button mushrooms ate too many at once

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<v Speaker 1>and choke to death.

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<v Speaker 3>This is why I don't eat mushrooms at all. Oh

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<v Speaker 3>you don't, huh No, it's a texture thing. They're too

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<v Speaker 3>slimy for me.

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<v Speaker 2>I've tried.

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<v Speaker 1>Oh no, you gotta wash the slime off. And I'm

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<v Speaker 1>not expecting you to actually try this, but I know

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<v Speaker 1>exactly what you're talking about. If you wash the slime off,

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<v Speaker 1>you dry it, you lick the top of it, put

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<v Speaker 1>some salt on it, and eat it raw, and it's

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<v Speaker 1>got a nice thirty crunch almost to it. And I

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<v Speaker 1>love those.

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<v Speaker 2>You know, it's funny.

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<v Speaker 3>I don't think I've ever mentioned not liking eating something

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<v Speaker 3>where you didn't say no, no, no, you're just.

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<v Speaker 2>Doing it wrong.

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<v Speaker 1>I like eating everything, all right.

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<v Speaker 3>So there was an outbreak in twenty sixteen. In the

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<v Speaker 3>Bay Area of San Francisco, where fourteen people consumed well

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<v Speaker 3>the defcat mushroom.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, got really, really sick.

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<v Speaker 3>One very sad story of a child suffered permanent neurological damage.

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<v Speaker 3>And the question is like, how did these things get here?

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<v Speaker 3>Because they did not originate here. That's one of the questions.

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<v Speaker 1>Are you setting me up to answer it?

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<v Speaker 2>Well? Sure do you?

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<v Speaker 1>Okay?

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<v Speaker 2>Answer because I do.

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<v Speaker 1>I have a general answer apparently. So. It's a ecto

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<v Speaker 1>micorhizal fungus that engages in symbiotic relationships mutualism with specific

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<v Speaker 1>kinds of trees, and in Europe they're typically beech trees

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<v Speaker 1>or oak trees, and it lives in the roots, the

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<v Speaker 1>main part of the fungus, and it trades nitrogen that

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<v Speaker 1>the mushroom draw from the soil to the oak or

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<v Speaker 1>the beech tree in exchange for sugars and water and carbon.

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<v Speaker 1>And they do this by basically connecting their roots to

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<v Speaker 1>the tree roots. And everybody's happy until you come along

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<v Speaker 1>and eat one of the death caps. Yeah.

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<v Speaker 3>I think we did a whole episode on mutualism, didn

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<v Speaker 3>we surely sibiosis.

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<v Speaker 1>Or something else. Yeah, but I didn't answer your question.

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<v Speaker 1>The answer seems to be that somebody imported a tree

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<v Speaker 1>from Europe at some point that had a death cap

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<v Speaker 1>mushroom mike or ISAA in its roots. And surprise, death

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<v Speaker 1>cap mushrooms are in North America.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, and they know that it wasn't a native species,

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<v Speaker 3>because you know, that could be possible that there's just

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<v Speaker 3>like a California, North America version. Sure, but it would

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<v Speaker 3>be genetically different somehow. But the ones that we have

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<v Speaker 3>over here are exactly the same. It's the same mushroom.

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<v Speaker 3>I think the first known sightings were in nineteen thirty

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<v Speaker 3>eight del Monte Hotel in California.

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<v Speaker 2>There's a lot of these in California, Yeah, and then.

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<v Speaker 3>Five six, seven, eight years later at the cal Berkeley campus.

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<v Speaker 3>And now they're kind of all over the place or

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<v Speaker 3>on the East coast. They live in the pines in

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<v Speaker 3>the East Coast, but those oaks in on the West

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<v Speaker 3>coast all the way up to Vancouver, I believe. But

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<v Speaker 3>they've also found them outside of Europe and Western Russia,

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<v Speaker 3>southern Scandinavian coasts and North Africa.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, they go. I think also on the West coast

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<v Speaker 1>of the United States. They grow all the way down

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<v Speaker 1>to La County. Yeah, which is how cheech Marin accidentally

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<v Speaker 1>ate one.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh did he really or is that a joke?

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<v Speaker 1>That is Joe, I'm sorry so mad at you. You

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<v Speaker 1>could have said, like I know it was you have

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<v Speaker 1>to say it really weird like that.

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<v Speaker 3>Seems so likely that cheach mayor might have accidentally in

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<v Speaker 3>one of these.

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<v Speaker 1>I think he kind of went straight with that whole

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<v Speaker 1>Nash Bridges gig that he got, And Dobbey Chong is like, no, man,

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<v Speaker 1>I still eat whatever I find on the ground.

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<v Speaker 3>Uh, speaking of Nash Bridges, And you know, maybe I

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<v Speaker 3>shouldn't say this.

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<v Speaker 2>I'll tell y'all here.

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<v Speaker 1>Oh, I can't wait. Is it about Don Johnson? Yeah?

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<v Speaker 3>All right, So should we take a break or should

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<v Speaker 3>we talk a little bit more about it?

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<v Speaker 1>Let's take a break, all right, We'll be.

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<v Speaker 3>Right back with more on this death cap mushroom.

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<v Speaker 2>All right, we're back.

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<v Speaker 3>And this is something I don't fully understand, but the

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<v Speaker 3>death cap mushroom is an invasive species in California, where

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<v Speaker 3>it grows in very beautiful woodlands and forests. It is

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<v Speaker 3>not considered such on the East Coast, where it grows

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<v Speaker 3>in more urban settings like urban parks, but it still

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<v Speaker 3>could be invasive. Like I don't understand what the diath is.

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<v Speaker 1>It's very easily contained an urban area. You've got your park.

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<v Speaker 1>But then you know, you say, like, hey, mushroom, try

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<v Speaker 1>to try to spread from this part. Yeah, deal with

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<v Speaker 1>this sidewalk, then the street, then the sidewalk, then a building,

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<v Speaker 1>then another sidewalk, then the street, then the sidewalk, then

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<v Speaker 1>a sidewalk, then the sidewalk, then the sidewalk, and the

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<v Speaker 1>mushroom goes Okay, final, I'll just stay.

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<v Speaker 2>Here, all right.

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<v Speaker 3>So I guess that makes sense. Yeah, I guess I

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<v Speaker 3>didn't fully understand what invasive meant. I thought invasive just

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<v Speaker 3>meant if it was there and not great for the area.

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<v Speaker 3>I didn't mean it had to be like super widespread.

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<v Speaker 1>I didn't either, But that's what I took from this

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<v Speaker 1>description of it. So that's my take. I should say,

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<v Speaker 1>that's not like.

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<v Speaker 2>The I thought that was a quote It was.

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<v Speaker 1>Of am Pringle the letters in Science Rubinstein, Professor of

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<v Speaker 1>Botany and Bacteriology at the University of Madison, Wisconsin.

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<v Speaker 2>Wow, look at you.

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<v Speaker 1>Yeah, we should say shout out to how Stuff works

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<v Speaker 1>for helping us with this article by writing it, and

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<v Speaker 1>they interviewed Professor Pringle about this and she was very helpful.

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<v Speaker 3>Yeah, there's a couple of toxins when it comes to

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<v Speaker 3>the death cap. One of them is a phallotoxin, and

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<v Speaker 3>you're talking, you know what you would expect dehydration, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea,

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<v Speaker 3>but eventually electrolyte imbalances and kidney damage. But the really

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<v Speaker 3>bad booger in there is amatoxin, and that will stop

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<v Speaker 3>cell function. It targets the transcription of RNA by RNA

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<v Speaker 3>polymer raise two, which we've talked about before, and that

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<v Speaker 3>basically causes cell death. That prevents the cell from making

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<v Speaker 3>the proteins and cell components that it needs to be

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<v Speaker 3>a cell.

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<v Speaker 1>Right, So that's always bad. And apparently it goes very

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<v Speaker 1>quickly to your liver and just starts destroying your liver.

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<v Speaker 1>And apparently people go to the emergency room sick with

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<v Speaker 1>sick on basically after eating a death cap mushroom, we'll

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<v Speaker 1>find that the doctors want to give them a liver

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<v Speaker 1>trans plant if one is available. Wow, that's how bad

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<v Speaker 1>it can get. And one of the reasons why it

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<v Speaker 1>can get so bad is because after the initial like

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<v Speaker 1>nausea and vomiting and horrible, like I shouldn't have eaten

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<v Speaker 1>that mushroom that I found in that field. Sensation it

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<v Speaker 1>goes away and you think that you're fine, but actually,

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<v Speaker 1>in reality that amatoxin is is just destroying your body.

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<v Speaker 1>And then by the time you start to feel those effects,

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<v Speaker 1>you're in really big trouble.

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<v Speaker 3>Didn't liver one of the longer weights or am I

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<v Speaker 3>making that up?

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<v Speaker 1>Longer weights?

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah?

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<v Speaker 3>Of weight w A I T s for transplant.

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<v Speaker 1>I don't know. No, I don't think so, because you

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<v Speaker 1>can cut off like a chunk of your liver and

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<v Speaker 1>don'tt it because I don't know if it grows back

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<v Speaker 1>or else. It just a little bit can can perform

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<v Speaker 1>a lot of function one of those kidneys. No, I

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<v Speaker 1>don't think I don't think so. I think it's liver.

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<v Speaker 3>So we got all the organs are readily available.

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<v Speaker 2>Right for transplanting for sure.

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<v Speaker 1>I mean, it's so easy to get when you just

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<v Speaker 1>walk in and they try to give you two livers

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<v Speaker 1>most of the time.

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<v Speaker 3>I could have maybe this is while ago I could

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<v Speaker 3>have sworn. I read reports of like people dying on

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<v Speaker 3>the liver transplant list.

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<v Speaker 1>Oh I believe it, but I don't think that. I

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<v Speaker 1>don't think livers the least available. Okay, I gotcha, but

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<v Speaker 1>I could be wrong. But yeah, I think everybody dies

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<v Speaker 1>on the organ transplant list waiting, or I should say

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<v Speaker 1>not everybody on the list dies, but I'm saying for

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<v Speaker 1>any organ there are people dying on the wait list.

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<v Speaker 2>I gotcha. Yeah, boy, that's a nice courage.

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<v Speaker 3>So the takeaway from this is, don't eat the death

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<v Speaker 3>cap mushroom at all. You need it, And if you're

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<v Speaker 3>a forager, you really got to know what you're doing.

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<v Speaker 3>You shouldn't be like, hey, I saw this on Top Chef,

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<v Speaker 3>like I can go out in the woods and just

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<v Speaker 3>pick stuff and eat it. You got to be really

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<v Speaker 3>familiar with the fungi where you are, and if you aren't,

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<v Speaker 3>just don't try it.

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<v Speaker 2>Don't risk it. It's not worth it.

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<v Speaker 1>No, I think we should issue a general CoA for

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<v Speaker 1>us here. Don't even if you think you are familiar

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<v Speaker 1>with your local mushrooms, don't try it. We're not telling you,

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<v Speaker 1>under any circum stances to go try this.

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<v Speaker 2>Okay, I think foraging is wonderful, but so I'm not

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<v Speaker 2>going to.

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<v Speaker 3>Say that personally, but we're saying you're welcome to just

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<v Speaker 3>know what you're doing to reform. Now, there are all

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<v Speaker 3>kinds of resources if you're interested in stuff like that

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<v Speaker 3>that can very clearly tell you like what's safe and

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<v Speaker 3>what isn't. But you should still take a buddy who's

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<v Speaker 3>done it before. I think you can identify, according to

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<v Speaker 3>doctor Prinkle, who can eat just one. It has olivaceous

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<v Speaker 3>with coloring with green tinge, and a mature death cap

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<v Speaker 3>has a brown brown striations on the cap.

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<v Speaker 1>And don't forget fairy rings around the stem.

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<v Speaker 2>Which who can forget the fairy rings?

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<v Speaker 1>Right? It goes without saying that that's just a bunch

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<v Speaker 1>of fairies forming a circle by holding hands. Yeah, so

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<v Speaker 1>I saw one of the things Chuck about this. The

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<v Speaker 1>reason why people eat these is because they taste good.

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<v Speaker 2>Oh interesting.

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<v Speaker 1>So people are caught by surprise when all of a

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<v Speaker 1>sudden they start puking because the fact that it tasted good,

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<v Speaker 1>I think indicated to them that this is fine to eat.

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<v Speaker 3>Well, you know, who's never going to get sick by

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<v Speaker 3>eating a bad mushroom?

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<v Speaker 1>I do.

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<v Speaker 3>And it has two thumbs, and it's podcasting with you

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<v Speaker 3>right now?

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<v Speaker 1>I do this guy, right here. Oh that's not how

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<v Speaker 1>I was gonna say. Oh, cheech Marin, you got anything else?

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<v Speaker 2>I got nothing else.

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<v Speaker 1>Short Stuff is out.

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<v Speaker 2>Stuff You Should Know is a production of iHeartRadio.

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