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Speaker 1: Turkeys known for being birds, famous for being meats and

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Speaker 1: two types. Nobody thinks much about them. So let's have

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Speaker 1: some fun. Let's find out why turkeys are secretly incredibly fascinating.

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Speaker 1: Hey there, folks, welcome to a whole new podcast episode

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Speaker 1: of podcast all about why being Alive is more interesting

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Speaker 1: than people think it is. My name is Alex Schmetta,

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Speaker 1: and I'm not alone because I'm joined by my co host,

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Speaker 1: Katie Golden. Katie, what is your relationship to or opinion

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Speaker 1: of turkeys? Gobble?

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Speaker 2: We'll go.

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Speaker 1: Bobblegle, gobble gobble.

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Speaker 2: I this is Katie not I know my turkey impression.

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Speaker 2: It was really good, right, like I do, a very

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Speaker 2: good turkey impression.

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Speaker 1: Give it a go up. But go Google goog gobble gobble. Yeah.

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Speaker 2: I like turkeys, so I think they are really interesting

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Speaker 2: animals because they've been so they're so affiliated or associated

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Speaker 2: with Thanksgiving. Of course, we do eat them. Let's just

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Speaker 2: get that out of the way, right, We eat them, folks,

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Speaker 2: that that happens. We do eat the We do eat

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Speaker 2: the turkeys. Wild turkeys are really interesting. They're I think

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Speaker 2: they're very beautiful, like the kinds of turkeys we eat

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Speaker 2: do not. I mean, I'm sure we're probably gonna talk

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Speaker 2: about all this. They don't really resemble as much the

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Speaker 2: wild turkeys that you see right roaming the American wilderness

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Speaker 2: and suburbs. But you know, yeah, I think it's it

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Speaker 2: is just really cool because I like I like birds,

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Speaker 2: and especially like birds that remind me that birds are

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Speaker 2: the last living family of dinosaurs, which is fun.

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Speaker 1: Yes, I agree with all that. And also I should

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Speaker 1: disclose how much I like eating turkey. I think I

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Speaker 1: eat more turkey than most Americans. We would do Schmid

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Speaker 1: family thanksgivings, and only me and my dad were excited

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Speaker 1: about turkey as a food. It's my main sandwich meat,

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Speaker 1: all of the types Deli meat, dark meat, white me

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Speaker 1: with gravy. It's all great.

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Speaker 2: Let me let me ask your sandwich preferences, Alex, So, like,

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Speaker 2: what kind of turkey do you get? Like? Do you

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Speaker 2: have like a turkey sandwich pretty much weekly?

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Speaker 1: Yes, I'm a big deli counter person. I get like

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Speaker 1: a turkey and a cheese, often a provolone.

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Speaker 2: That's the right answer. This was a test and you

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Speaker 2: passed it, so yeah, I can't.

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Speaker 1: I really like the show could continue. That's good.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, I really can't deal with packaged turkey like this,

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Speaker 2: Like when I look in there and I see it

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Speaker 2: kind of moist and jiggly and little flimy, and then

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Speaker 2: I open that up and then I get that sort

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Speaker 2: of like of like turkey smell right from the package.

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Speaker 2: I cannot deal with that. That is too much for me.

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Speaker 2: So it's got to be fresh sliced from a local

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Speaker 2: deli or not at all.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I feel the same, Like I am actually fine

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Speaker 1: with the package, but it's just not nearly as good

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Speaker 1: to me, you know. Yeah, why settle. I'm a poultry fiend.

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Speaker 1: I love it, and so I have many opinions on this,

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Speaker 1: and many thanks to coop Bear. Also you agent for

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Speaker 1: suggesting this supporting this on the discord. I think it's

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Speaker 1: a pretty US Thanksgiving driven suggestion. Also shout out to

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Speaker 1: our Canadian friends who celebrated Thanksgiving last month. But either way,

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Speaker 1: we're going to talk about the bird and the food

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Speaker 1: all at once. This is a great show.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean I think that it is. You know,

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Speaker 2: it might sound contradictory, right to appreciate the animal but

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Speaker 2: also not like want to maybe sometimes eat that animal.

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Speaker 2: I personally think that it is important to know where

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Speaker 2: our food comes from, to respect them, and to also

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Speaker 2: encourage sort of better practices in terms of what we

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Speaker 2: eat and how we treat our farmed animals. We can

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Speaker 2: appreciate the food, but also want to appreciate respect the animal.

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Speaker 1: I feel same and also with bison. Everybody knows I

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Speaker 1: love byson and I eat bison when it's offered to me. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: for all those things, the bird, the food, everything. We're

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Speaker 1: leading with a quick set of fascinating numbers and statistics

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Speaker 1: this week. That's in a segment called oh come y

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Speaker 1: fens of sift podstats Let not bad facts, dismay do

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Speaker 1: you say stats straight to your face to start the

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Speaker 1: pod to day, So perk your ears and listen. Clear

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Speaker 1: these digits that we say, Oh, tidings of stats we enjoy,

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Speaker 1: Steps we enjoy, hot hidings of starts we enjoyed.

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Speaker 2: I'm clapping because you really got the pentameter right on

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Speaker 2: that one. I don't know, I don't know what I'm saying.

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Speaker 2: You did a good job. Also, is this sort of

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Speaker 2: airing on Thanksgiving? I think you just mentioned when it

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Speaker 2: was airing.

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Speaker 1: But it'll be it's the week before the week of

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Speaker 1: us thanksgoing. Okay, yeah, okay, well, which is kind of

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Speaker 1: Christmas mode.

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Speaker 2: I don't know, I don't know what is it?

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Speaker 1: Like, do you start listen?

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Speaker 2: Do you start jamming out to Christmas songs before Thanksgiving?

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Speaker 1: I do not, But I appreciate Christmas stuff, okay, which

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Speaker 1: is maybe a weird position, right, Like if I see

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Speaker 1: Christmas decorations, I'm like, that's cool, but I don't really

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Speaker 1: put on Christmas music till December.

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Speaker 2: It's like I can both appreciate Santa and also eat

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Speaker 2: him as a food. So I get.

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Speaker 1: It, save me the beard. I don't know how you

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Speaker 1: would eat it right. That name was submitted by Lemons

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Speaker 1: and Leaves on the Discord. Thank you for that. We

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Speaker 1: have a new name every week. Please make a Missilli

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Speaker 1: and Waggion bad as possible. Submit through Discord or to

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Speaker 1: sip potot gmail dot com. And the first number this

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Speaker 1: week is around eight hundred beests. And this is the

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Speaker 1: one number that came up on our Renfare show. That's

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Speaker 1: when Native people in North America began domesticating turkeys around

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Speaker 1: eight hundred BC.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and I think I remember reading the findings about

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Speaker 2: this where we had found evidence of a type of

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Speaker 2: enclosure for uh for turkeys.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, they it was a wild bird and then they

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Speaker 1: started domesticating at keeping it at their communities.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean that's similar to the story with chickens.

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Speaker 2: I mean, chickens come from a bird known as the

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Speaker 2: jungle fowl, and they are now sort of our big,

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Speaker 2: juicy chickens. But yeah, the original sort of jungle fowl

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Speaker 2: were leaner. They're like, I mean, they still exist, but

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Speaker 2: they're leaner. They're not really they're they're you know, more

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Speaker 2: of a game, gamey sort of bird. But then we

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Speaker 2: domesticated them and then yeah, made them, made them all plump. Yeah,

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Speaker 2: the turkey and jungle flower a sort of some learned that,

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Speaker 2: Like they're very colorful in the wild, and they have

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Speaker 2: all sorts of like browns and you know, yellows and golds,

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Speaker 2: and jungle fowl even have like some greens as well.

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Speaker 2: But then, like when we domesticated both of them, I mean,

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Speaker 2: probably not this early on, Like I would imagine that

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Speaker 2: in that the early domestication there, we didn't have turkeys

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Speaker 2: with white feathers running around. But now turkeys do have

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Speaker 2: white feathers, as do chickens, which makes it I think

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Speaker 2: the purpose of that is to make it easier to like,

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Speaker 2: when we're cleaning the bird carcass, like then the there's

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Speaker 2: the feathers, like the white feathers are just less conspicuous.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, that's all right on, Yeah, apparently that's part of it.

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Speaker 1: With turkeys. There's also just some flattening out of the

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Speaker 1: different kinds of turkeys and how we've domesticated it.

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Speaker 2: Yeah.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, North North America is where turkeys come from. It's

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Speaker 1: the home of five subspecies of turkey scientific name Meliagris galipavo.

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Speaker 1: And that connection to foul actually it leads us into

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Speaker 1: our first takeaway number one. The bird name Turkey comes

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Speaker 1: from the name of the country and fifteen hundred's world

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Speaker 1: trade confusion.

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Speaker 2: Ah okay, that's really okay, all right.

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Speaker 1: They are in English modern day they are named after

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Speaker 1: the country of Turkey in West Asia.

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Speaker 2: That is very interesting because yeah, of course turkeys are

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Speaker 2: not from Turkey, they are from North America. They are

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Speaker 2: an indigenous species of bird here. So yeah, tell me

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Speaker 2: what happened there, Alex, because it sounds like someone messed

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Speaker 2: up big time.

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Speaker 1: What's that Simpsons thing? Like, I hope someone got fired

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Speaker 1: for that. Blunder. I hope some won't get fired for

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Speaker 1: that blunder. Yeah, perfect, Yeah, Yeah. And there's a couple

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Speaker 1: of key sources here, the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, also

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Speaker 1: the National Geographic Field Guide to Birds of North America,

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Speaker 1: and a book called one Hundred Birds and How They

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Speaker 1: Got Their Names that's by nonfiction writer Diana Wells. Because, yeah,

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Speaker 1: the word Turkey entered English as a name for a country.

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Speaker 1: It's a longtime name for the part of Asia Minor

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Speaker 1: that was part of the Ottoman Empire. Also, when that

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Speaker 1: area became a new country in nineteen twenty three, it

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Speaker 1: named itself Turkie, which is not how we tend to

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Speaker 1: say it in English, Turkia. It's spelled t u with

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Speaker 1: an umlaut rkiye Turkie.

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Speaker 2: That's actually more similar to the Italian version of Turkia.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, this bird name and what we often call the

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Speaker 1: country is very anglicized.

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Speaker 2: Yeah.

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Speaker 1: And also another number here is twenty twenty two, because

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Speaker 1: that's when the Turkish government made a formal request to

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Speaker 1: the United Nations that they and other countries call the

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Speaker 1: country Turkie rather than Turkey, like they're trying to shift

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Speaker 1: to their actual name for themselves.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, that's I get that. But it's like, once we

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Speaker 2: start calling something our own little American name for it,

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Speaker 2: that's that's pretty sticky.

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Speaker 1: We're stubborn.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, you know, it's now I'm thinking more about words

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Speaker 2: like with the It is interesting because in Italian, like

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Speaker 2: the term for like turkey the meat or the bird

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Speaker 2: is like takino. It's not turk.

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Speaker 1: Cool. I don't know why that actually tracks with this. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: because the name turkey is relatively English specific. In France,

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Speaker 1: this bird is called dian doon, which yeah, like yeah,

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Speaker 1: doorbell bird. But the first French name was cooktiins, meaning

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Speaker 1: cock from India, bird from India. And what generally happened

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Speaker 1: here is Europe in the fifteen hundreds, with the Colombian

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Speaker 1: exchange and with better sailing ships in world trade, they

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Speaker 1: start importing tasty birds and interesting birds from all over

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Speaker 1: the world. Yeah, they're like, let's get the fowl. Let's

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Speaker 1: do it.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, it's I mean, you know, you see a bird

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Speaker 2: and you're like, look at that graceful, elegant creature of

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Speaker 2: the ground and the sky. I do want to eat it,

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Speaker 2: and so okay, that's so then, yeah, we were at

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Speaker 2: the point where we're importing a bunch of tasty birds,

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Speaker 2: and I'm assuming that a crate of turkeys from America

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Speaker 2: and a crate of some poor Turkish bird got like

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Speaker 2: their labels got switched.

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Speaker 1: Or something exactly. They all got lumped together. Because, yeah,

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Speaker 1: you've got lots of species of fowl from East Africa,

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Speaker 1: in particular New Mida day as a taxonomic group of

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Speaker 1: African guinea fowl. There's other fowl from India, from the

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Speaker 1: South Pacific, and with a lot of that trade, the

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Speaker 1: key funneling point was Ottoman Turkey because it's this place

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Speaker 1: in this big Ottoman Empire that has existing trade relationships

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Speaker 1: in a bunch of ways with Europe, and so so

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Speaker 1: many of the fowl get funneled through there that people

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Speaker 1: in say France, just start calling all of it Indian fowl.

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Speaker 1: People in England start calling all of it turkey fowl

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Speaker 1: or just turkeys.

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Speaker 2: We kind of consider the modern trade of like things

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Speaker 2: just coming from all over the world, and the origins

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Speaker 2: of food and other imports being sometimes confusing, like not

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Speaker 2: knowing where they come from right as like a new thing.

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Speaker 2: But I guess that's it's not all that new.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, Yeah, we're like into it, but also messy with it.

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Speaker 1: And they did that with not just these birds coming

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Speaker 1: through the country of Turkey, but also birds from the Americas, because,

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Speaker 1: like we said on the Renfare Show, it's plausible for

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Speaker 1: Elizabethan England to have turkey legs because as soon as

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Speaker 1: fifteen eleven, the Spanish Royal Court started requesting turkeys from

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Speaker 1: their new conquered colony and mecha Ago and they had

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Speaker 1: already heard of Turkey's when they requested them. Like these

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Speaker 1: were brought over very quickly by food fan Europeans.

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Speaker 2: And how soon did Rye follow? Like did when was

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Speaker 2: turkey on? Rye introduced?

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Speaker 1: Well, look up a deliologist for this information. Yeah, so

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Speaker 1: the name of a turkey, Yes, it's probably one of

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Speaker 1: the two biggest cases of English speakers doing that. The

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Speaker 1: other one is the word corn. That was an old

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Speaker 1: English word for any grain in a generic sense, and

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Speaker 1: then we applied it to maze that they called Indian

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Speaker 1: corn and then just called corn. Right, So turkeys are

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Speaker 1: like that too. It's just a choice by English speakers

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Speaker 1: at the fifteen hundreds.

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Speaker 2: I see, I see, it's you know, another thing, corn

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Speaker 2: and turkeys. I always see corn as a you know,

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Speaker 2: this is strange to me. Corn is very associated with

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Speaker 2: like Thanksgiving and fall, but I only ever eat corn

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Speaker 2: in the summer. What's going on, Alex?

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Speaker 1: Yeah, it is a good summer food. I'm also kind

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Speaker 1: of a corn fiend. I eat it all the time.

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Speaker 2: So you do, you're just like out in like you're

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Speaker 2: the going around to farms eating all the corn, grabbing chickens.

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Speaker 2: People think it's chupacabra, but no, it's Alex cheepishmitty.

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Speaker 1: Yeah. Uh and yeah, so that's why this North American

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Speaker 1: bird is named after Torqui sort of, Yeah, because we're dumb. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: we're done, Yeah, and back some more numbers. The next

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Speaker 1: number is eleven thousand, five hundred feathers. This is eleven

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Speaker 1: five hundred feathers is the feather contents of one Native

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Speaker 1: American blanket that was found by anthropologists in twenty twenty.

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Speaker 2: So, okay, explain to me how is because like, when

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Speaker 2: I think of a blanket, I don't necessarily think of

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Speaker 2: feathers unless it's like, is this like a blanket that's

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Speaker 2: been fit with feathers sort of like a like a duvet,

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Speaker 2: or is it woven out of feathers?

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Speaker 1: It's neither. It's that the feathers are sort of tied

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Speaker 1: together by woven plant fibers. Ooh, what's now the southwestern US.

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Speaker 1: They used yucca plant fibers to weave together over eleven

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Speaker 1: thousand feathers into one blanket. And we think they harvested

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Speaker 1: that from at least nine adult male turkeys just for

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Speaker 1: the one blanket.

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Speaker 2: Do we know, like what the purpose of this blanket was.

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Speaker 2: Was it like a cozy blanket for cuddling under, or

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Speaker 2: was this more of an artistic piece for say, something

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Speaker 2: more formal.

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Speaker 1: It's sort of everything. Apparently Pueblo people's in what's now

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Speaker 1: the southwestern US, they pretty much made a blanket for

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Speaker 1: each member of the community. According to Shannon Tushingham of

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Speaker 1: Washington State University, quote, it is likely that every member

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Speaker 1: of an ancestral Pueblo community, from infants to it else,

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Speaker 1: possessed one of these blankets. End quote. That's so cool.

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Speaker 1: You're a human being, you get one of these, you

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Speaker 1: care about you? You know. It was very fundamental.

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Speaker 2: I want to live in a society where from the

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Speaker 2: day you're born you are guaranteed an awesome blanket.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, it was like very big and crucial for them

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Speaker 1: and hope people's donny people. They also made turkey feather

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Speaker 1: blankets and there's also people still weaving those today. According

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Speaker 1: to New Mexico Wildlife magazine, archaeologist Mary Weaki produced new

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Speaker 1: samples in twenty eighteen for a museum, and she's of

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Speaker 1: Comanche and Santa Clara descent. She said she was inspired

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Speaker 1: by her ancestors and their creativity and their patients to

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Speaker 1: do this. So it's a long running art practice, sort

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Speaker 1: of textile practice, and it brings up something really surprising

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Speaker 1: about turkey domestication because it turns out that for many

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Speaker 1: centuries of North American people mainly domesticated turkeys to like

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Speaker 1: harvest the feathers and without necessarily killing the birds. Oh

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Speaker 1: whow Really it was not a food thing initially.

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Speaker 2: And so they're also harvesting the feathers as the birds

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Speaker 2: are molting them. They're not killing them for the feathers exactly. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: They either molt them naturally or they would remove a

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Speaker 1: few feathers in a way that let the birds still

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Speaker 1: be alive. So it's almost sort of like what I

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Speaker 1: think of with fiber art stuff with lamas and sheets

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Speaker 1: and things like raising them for what they generate on

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Speaker 1: their outsides.

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Speaker 2: I'm looking at a picture of one of these turkey

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Speaker 2: feather blankets and it is so like it is way

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Speaker 2: fluffier than I was anticipating. It looks really really fluffy,

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Speaker 2: and it looks very comfortable, like it would be super

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Speaker 2: soft and super fluffy.

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Speaker 1: It's also really pretty.

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Speaker 2: It's like it looks very cozy and comfortable but also

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Speaker 2: really beautiful.

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Speaker 1: And so that was a huge surprised me about the

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Speaker 1: history of turkey domestication, and Smithsonian says that we think

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Speaker 1: Pueblo people only began eating their turkeys around the eleven

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Speaker 1: hundred's AD, so well more than a thousand years after

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Speaker 1: they started domesticating them. It was probably just population growth

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Speaker 1: and a lack of other game was why they started

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Speaker 1: eating some of them.

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Speaker 2: I see. Interesting, So they didn't they maybe didn't need

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Speaker 2: them as a food source before then, but then you

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Speaker 2: got enough mouths to feed and there wasn't enough like

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Speaker 2: other game animals, and then you start eating them.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, that's right. Yeah, And yeah, apparently there's also finds

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Speaker 1: that Mayan sites in Central America where it seems like

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Speaker 1: turkey meat was only used rarely in religious and cultural

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Speaker 1: ceremonies until pretty late in Mayan history, and so like

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Speaker 1: when Europeans were eating turkeys, they were imitating how Native

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Speaker 1: people used them. But it was a very recent Native practice.

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Speaker 1: It was only a few centuries before the Columbian Exchange.

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Speaker 2: I mean, I get that if you have other choices,

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Speaker 2: turkey can be a little dry. I know you like it, Alex,

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Speaker 2: but let's admit turkey can be a little dry. Can

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Speaker 2: be a little dry.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, people tell me this, and they're right, and I

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Speaker 1: love it anyway. It's my foolish palette because yeah, but

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Speaker 1: also I love it.

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Speaker 2: I guess some people like dry sandwiches.

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Speaker 1: And also, you know, native people are not a monolith.

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Speaker 1: They're probably some Native people who ate turkeys earlier than this,

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Speaker 1: and then people hunt turkeys to this day, the wildlins.

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Speaker 1: And one amazing modern number about that is the year

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Speaker 1: twenty twenty three.

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Speaker 2: That was you know, I'm going to say one year ago.

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Speaker 1: That's true for a while. And in twenty twenty three,

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Speaker 1: residents of Carmel, California bestowed the name Cupid on a

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Speaker 1: local wild turkey. And they did that because some hunter

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Speaker 1: put an arrow through this turkey. Oh Man, and it

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Speaker 1: just continued walking around and hanging out. No, and was alive. Still.

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Speaker 2: I hate this. I don't like this. Yeah, I'm not

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Speaker 2: anti hunting, but I'm very much pro finishing what you started.

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Speaker 1: Because wow, it's very incompetent hunting.

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Speaker 2: Yo. That looks not fun for this turkey. I mean,

348
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Speaker 2: this turkey is carrying it well in a way that

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Speaker 2: I would not personally, I think, be able to handle

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Speaker 2: if I had a whole arrow running directly through my

351
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Speaker 2: body right in and out.

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Speaker 1: So props to this turkey. Yeah, and like it's moving

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Speaker 1: well enough that, according to the San Francisco Chronicle, locals

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Speaker 1: were not able to catch Cupid to bring them in

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Speaker 1: for treatment because it's because Cuba is just like living. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: at least in twenty twenty three. And yeah, the Guardian

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Speaker 1: says that it was a thirty and J row and

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Speaker 1: that locals named a Cupid because of cute Valentine's Day stuff.

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00:21:00,119 --> 00:21:03,119
Speaker 2: Yeah, adorable, it's really cute. And an animal has an

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Speaker 2: arrow just jutting out of its body.

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Speaker 1: And the turkeys will probably be of excitement to game

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Speaker 1: hunters for a while because, according to National Geographic they're

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Speaker 1: the largest game bird in North America. They're significantly bigger

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Speaker 1: than grouse, ptarmigan's other mostly ground birds. And so you know,

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Speaker 1: if any game bird is going to survive an arrow,

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Speaker 1: it's probably a turkey. Yeah, and it's amazing if they

367
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Speaker 1: can do it. It's rare, but it happens once in

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Speaker 1: a while.

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Speaker 2: We got to start, we got to start getting more

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Speaker 2: like wild ostriches and EMUs. So not only can they

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Speaker 2: survive an arrow, they can like actually shoot one back

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Speaker 2: at you. Increase the challenge difficulty level.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, teach your ostrich archery. Yeah, folks, so many of

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Speaker 1: you just have an ostrich and you haven't taught them

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Speaker 1: many important sports or hunting combat.

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Speaker 2: They've got the long legs, the long necks. Don't tell

377
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Speaker 2: me they can't like use their own necks as like

378
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Speaker 2: a sort of bowstring like in cartoons.

379
00:22:04,000 --> 00:22:07,919
Speaker 1: I trust them. And the next amazing turkey number is

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00:22:08,000 --> 00:22:11,200
Speaker 1: one point six miles, which is more than two point

381
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Speaker 1: five kilometers.

382
00:22:13,280 --> 00:22:16,840
Speaker 2: Watch walk one point six miles.

383
00:22:19,240 --> 00:22:23,320
Speaker 1: It's not all that far. Oh, I don't care that much,

384
00:22:23,440 --> 00:22:26,879
Speaker 1: you know, Yeah, not that I do it yet, but

385
00:22:27,119 --> 00:22:31,120
Speaker 1: that distance, that's how far away a female turkey can

386
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Speaker 1: hear the gobble of a male turkey. One point six miles.

387
00:22:35,280 --> 00:22:40,399
Speaker 2: Garble, garble, garbel, garbage, gobble, Google Google, boggabo Google Google

388
00:22:40,400 --> 00:22:46,879
Speaker 2: bug a goggle. Uh, that's great, that's that's that's actually

389
00:22:46,920 --> 00:22:48,880
Speaker 2: pretty distant, I think to hear a.

390
00:22:48,840 --> 00:22:51,480
Speaker 1: Gobble, I really thought it's pretty soft.

391
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Speaker 2: Yeah, but they're no, they're loud.

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00:22:53,960 --> 00:22:56,040
Speaker 1: Yeah. And the thing is it is so loud because

393
00:22:56,600 --> 00:22:59,480
Speaker 1: males specifically make the gobble sound and it is for

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Speaker 1: mating and courting females.

395
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Speaker 2: Oh yeah, that's so when any of us.

396
00:23:03,119 --> 00:23:05,680
Speaker 1: Do a gobble impression, we are hitting on lady turkeys,

397
00:23:06,119 --> 00:23:07,040
Speaker 1: it is a it is.

398
00:23:06,960 --> 00:23:10,200
Speaker 2: A come hither call for them them, ladies.

399
00:23:10,840 --> 00:23:11,280
Speaker 1: Can you do?

400
00:23:11,440 --> 00:23:13,800
Speaker 2: Can you do a good turkey gobble, like a real one?

401
00:23:16,760 --> 00:23:18,120
Speaker 2: That's pretty good. That's pretty good.

402
00:23:18,320 --> 00:23:24,000
Speaker 1: Oh that's pretty good too. Yeah. Yeah, this we will,

403
00:23:24,040 --> 00:23:24,480
Speaker 1: we will.

404
00:23:24,520 --> 00:23:28,480
Speaker 2: We can do that, and we'll just have lady turkeys

405
00:23:29,600 --> 00:23:33,280
Speaker 2: flying sort of ungracefully into our laps.

406
00:23:34,040 --> 00:23:36,840
Speaker 1: It's like beetle Baby, like a crowd of them flipping out.

407
00:23:38,200 --> 00:23:41,600
Speaker 2: Yeah.

408
00:23:41,119 --> 00:23:45,399
Speaker 1: Uh but yeah. And it turns out turkeys are highly communicative. Yes,

409
00:23:45,560 --> 00:23:48,919
Speaker 1: and according to the US National Zoo, biologists have identified

410
00:23:48,920 --> 00:23:54,760
Speaker 1: at least fifteen different turkey vocalizations. Fifteen vocalizations far more

411
00:23:54,800 --> 00:23:56,320
Speaker 1: than gobbles. Yeah.

412
00:23:56,400 --> 00:23:59,840
Speaker 2: Yeah, there's a lot of murmurs and weird purring sounds

413
00:23:59,840 --> 00:24:02,440
Speaker 2: that they make, and it's both the males and females

414
00:24:02,520 --> 00:24:07,439
Speaker 2: that use them, although like that kind of like loud

415
00:24:07,480 --> 00:24:12,760
Speaker 2: gobble is really the males doing it. But the Yeah,

416
00:24:13,600 --> 00:24:16,200
Speaker 2: there is a lot of They're a very social bird

417
00:24:16,359 --> 00:24:17,600
Speaker 2: and there's a lot of communication.

418
00:24:18,920 --> 00:24:21,680
Speaker 1: Yeah, I'm glad, you know, I had no idea before researching,

419
00:24:21,840 --> 00:24:24,840
Speaker 1: because yeah, they can like you said, purring, murmuring, they

420
00:24:24,840 --> 00:24:28,240
Speaker 1: can whistle. Apparently, young turkeys use a repeated whistle to

421
00:24:28,280 --> 00:24:32,199
Speaker 1: signal that they're lost. It is complex communication for a turkey.

422
00:24:32,280 --> 00:24:33,000
Speaker 1: You know. It's cool.

423
00:24:33,640 --> 00:24:37,680
Speaker 2: Yeah, absolutely, And the little baby turkeys are called pulse.

424
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Speaker 1: I love this topic. That's great, thank you, folks. And

425
00:24:42,560 --> 00:24:46,080
Speaker 1: then turkeys, of course communicate partly to be social and

426
00:24:46,200 --> 00:24:49,520
Speaker 1: during the winter they will form bands with social hierarchies

427
00:24:49,600 --> 00:24:53,360
Speaker 1: that occasionally tussle with other bands. In spring, they make

428
00:24:53,560 --> 00:24:56,320
Speaker 1: the chicks live with their mothers until autumn, so mostly

429
00:24:56,359 --> 00:24:58,600
Speaker 1: in the hard winter season they will get together and

430
00:24:58,600 --> 00:24:59,920
Speaker 1: then we'll kind of scatter after that.

431
00:25:00,880 --> 00:25:04,879
Speaker 2: Yeah, there are competitions for hierarchy, for ability to mate,

432
00:25:04,960 --> 00:25:08,600
Speaker 2: and then there is these like sort of turkey standoffs

433
00:25:08,680 --> 00:25:13,440
Speaker 2: kind of like a West Side story turkey situation or

434
00:25:13,520 --> 00:25:15,280
Speaker 2: in your you're.

435
00:25:15,080 --> 00:25:23,080
Speaker 1: Always yeah, and there's too many examples, but a link

436
00:25:23,119 --> 00:25:26,000
Speaker 1: a few of just news stories in the US, because

437
00:25:26,040 --> 00:25:28,600
Speaker 1: annually there's some kind of story about a gang of

438
00:25:28,640 --> 00:25:31,639
Speaker 1: wild turkeys is running the streets of Staten Island or

439
00:25:31,680 --> 00:25:34,359
Speaker 1: Boston or Los Angeles or wherever. And it's just because

440
00:25:34,359 --> 00:25:37,600
Speaker 1: they're social late in the year, and that'll happen.

441
00:25:38,240 --> 00:25:41,040
Speaker 2: I mean, like what it's also just funny to be like, oh,

442
00:25:41,280 --> 00:25:43,480
Speaker 2: oh no, a gang of wild turkeys. It's like, what

443
00:25:43,480 --> 00:25:47,600
Speaker 2: what do you mean. They're just they're not allowed to exist,

444
00:25:48,200 --> 00:25:50,240
Speaker 2: they're just existing. Make it sound like they're doing some

445
00:25:50,359 --> 00:25:52,440
Speaker 2: kind of like drive buys or something.

446
00:25:53,600 --> 00:25:55,919
Speaker 1: Yeah, And in like every story, there's always a picture

447
00:25:55,920 --> 00:25:58,520
Speaker 1: of turkeys in the way and like a suburban road

448
00:25:59,480 --> 00:26:01,680
Speaker 1: and the drive could just go over to the next block.

449
00:26:01,720 --> 00:26:03,040
Speaker 1: It'd be very easy, it's not.

450
00:26:03,359 --> 00:26:03,560
Speaker 2: Yeah.

451
00:26:10,000 --> 00:26:13,800
Speaker 1: Yeah, so that's that's their situation. And the other exciting

452
00:26:13,800 --> 00:26:16,399
Speaker 1: thing turkeys do in the wild is they will sleep

453
00:26:16,440 --> 00:26:20,399
Speaker 1: in tree branches and in tree tops. Yeah. And so

454
00:26:20,880 --> 00:26:23,399
Speaker 1: most of the time wild turkeys walk or run, and

455
00:26:23,440 --> 00:26:25,479
Speaker 1: then at night they use their wings to fly up

456
00:26:25,520 --> 00:26:26,840
Speaker 1: to a roost for sleep.

457
00:26:27,520 --> 00:26:30,959
Speaker 2: Yeah, they can fly very very short distances. I mean

458
00:26:31,000 --> 00:26:34,159
Speaker 2: it's similar to chickens, right, like and other sort of

459
00:26:34,160 --> 00:26:39,520
Speaker 2: galliform galliform birds where they really are mostly it's mostly walking,

460
00:26:39,560 --> 00:26:43,080
Speaker 2: but they can glide and fly short distances, which yeah,

461
00:26:43,119 --> 00:26:46,080
Speaker 2: helps with the with the roosting, which is it is

462
00:26:46,119 --> 00:26:50,120
Speaker 2: funny to imagine just happening upon a tree of turkeys

463
00:26:51,240 --> 00:26:54,600
Speaker 2: looking down at you kind of more I don't know,

464
00:26:54,720 --> 00:26:59,200
Speaker 2: raptor Like, they're not raptors in the sense of bird

465
00:26:59,200 --> 00:27:01,639
Speaker 2: wrappers like and eagles and stuff, but I mean like

466
00:27:01,800 --> 00:27:03,240
Speaker 2: Jurassic Park raptors.

467
00:27:04,480 --> 00:27:08,000
Speaker 1: Yeah, that's so cool. And again they can fly a

468
00:27:08,040 --> 00:27:11,959
Speaker 1: little bit, which leads into our next big takeaway because

469
00:27:12,440 --> 00:27:19,360
Speaker 1: takeaway number two, turkeys have both white meat and dark

470
00:27:19,440 --> 00:27:22,960
Speaker 1: meat because wild turkeys fly a little bit.

471
00:27:23,920 --> 00:27:24,240
Speaker 2: Hmm.

472
00:27:24,880 --> 00:27:27,159
Speaker 1: If you've ever wondered why when you're eating a turkey

473
00:27:27,200 --> 00:27:30,480
Speaker 1: there seem to be two totally separate categories of turkey meat,

474
00:27:30,760 --> 00:27:34,560
Speaker 1: the answer is the biology involved in wild turkey flight.

475
00:27:35,680 --> 00:27:40,879
Speaker 2: Oh whow, so we've got two muscle groups. I'm assuming yes.

476
00:27:40,920 --> 00:27:43,280
Speaker 1: It turns out it's a difference between fast twitch and

477
00:27:43,359 --> 00:27:48,440
Speaker 1: slow twitch muscle, right and in mammals, including humans, Those

478
00:27:48,480 --> 00:27:51,000
Speaker 1: tend to be kind of mingled together or mixed up

479
00:27:51,040 --> 00:27:53,560
Speaker 1: in a way where when you're eating a mammal, don't

480
00:27:53,560 --> 00:27:57,439
Speaker 1: eat a human, it'll look like a relatively uniform color

481
00:27:57,600 --> 00:28:01,080
Speaker 1: and we'll call it red meat or somethings. They're very separate.

482
00:28:01,160 --> 00:28:04,040
Speaker 1: It's like totally different muscle districts in the body.

483
00:28:04,440 --> 00:28:08,320
Speaker 2: What kind of meat is on a Santa Christmas meat

484
00:28:08,760 --> 00:28:10,360
Speaker 2: gingerbread flavored.

485
00:28:12,359 --> 00:28:15,760
Speaker 1: And beard? The two types gingerbread and beard. Yes, for

486
00:28:15,880 --> 00:28:16,680
Speaker 1: the fast.

487
00:28:16,359 --> 00:28:20,480
Speaker 2: Twitch muscles, that is, like, what are we describing here?

488
00:28:20,520 --> 00:28:24,680
Speaker 2: For slow twitch muscles are those that are like the

489
00:28:25,440 --> 00:28:28,439
Speaker 2: mechanism that engages the muscles like it's is it like

490
00:28:28,480 --> 00:28:31,280
Speaker 2: a slower mechanism? Whereas like for the fast twitch muscles,

491
00:28:31,280 --> 00:28:34,120
Speaker 2: like the mechanism that engages the muscles like faster. Why

492
00:28:34,320 --> 00:28:35,399
Speaker 2: are they given those names?

493
00:28:36,359 --> 00:28:40,680
Speaker 1: Fast twitches basically for sudden movements once in a while

494
00:28:41,040 --> 00:28:45,400
Speaker 1: on command. Wild turkeys are able to fly because they

495
00:28:45,440 --> 00:28:48,760
Speaker 1: need to nest in trees. And slow twitches more for

496
00:28:48,960 --> 00:28:52,480
Speaker 1: like a powerful and endurance based movement.

497
00:28:52,880 --> 00:28:57,160
Speaker 2: So like walking our standard walking moving around versus like

498
00:28:57,560 --> 00:29:00,120
Speaker 2: clapping or punching or by.

499
00:29:01,320 --> 00:29:04,920
Speaker 1: Yeah a good like other example here is ducks. We

500
00:29:05,000 --> 00:29:07,800
Speaker 1: think of ducks as being just dark meat if we're

501
00:29:07,840 --> 00:29:10,880
Speaker 1: eating them, is like a conceptual thing about ducks, and

502
00:29:11,640 --> 00:29:13,640
Speaker 1: that's not really true. They have some fast switch muscle,

503
00:29:13,680 --> 00:29:17,000
Speaker 1: but ducks when they're in trouble, they mainly just fly

504
00:29:17,760 --> 00:29:21,520
Speaker 1: because they fly in almost all situations unless they're walking

505
00:29:21,520 --> 00:29:24,600
Speaker 1: a couple of steps to eat the next grass. You know. Yeah,

506
00:29:24,640 --> 00:29:27,920
Speaker 1: that's so interesting, and so so their body seems to

507
00:29:27,960 --> 00:29:30,720
Speaker 1: be almost all slow twitch muscle because when they fly

508
00:29:30,800 --> 00:29:33,520
Speaker 1: out of an emergency, it's pretty much their usual flight speed.

509
00:29:33,560 --> 00:29:36,920
Speaker 1: They can't like do different gears of that very much.

510
00:29:37,800 --> 00:29:42,480
Speaker 2: That is interesting because like with with bird muscles are

511
00:29:42,640 --> 00:29:47,040
Speaker 2: curious because like for like birds that are migratory, they

512
00:29:47,080 --> 00:29:50,000
Speaker 2: have to build up a bunch of muscles for their migration,

513
00:29:50,920 --> 00:29:53,680
Speaker 2: and so they're not like these like migratory geese and

514
00:29:53,680 --> 00:29:57,680
Speaker 2: stuff aren't doing like squats and you know, crunches in

515
00:29:57,760 --> 00:30:00,320
Speaker 2: order to get buff or their migration. They just eat

516
00:30:00,360 --> 00:30:02,560
Speaker 2: more and then convert more of that food into muscle

517
00:30:02,640 --> 00:30:06,239
Speaker 2: like without even trying, which is really not fair. Like

518
00:30:06,400 --> 00:30:09,800
Speaker 2: you could like imagine just like imagine being like like seasonally,

519
00:30:09,840 --> 00:30:12,320
Speaker 2: like it's you know, the holidays coming up, and you

520
00:30:12,440 --> 00:30:14,240
Speaker 2: just like you know, eat a lot of food and

521
00:30:14,280 --> 00:30:19,040
Speaker 2: that automatically gets turned into nice muscles for your transatlantic flight.

522
00:30:19,960 --> 00:30:22,560
Speaker 1: I want to visit Europe with my food muscle.

523
00:30:23,080 --> 00:30:24,680
Speaker 2: You know, like people were always like, you know, a

524
00:30:24,840 --> 00:30:28,640
Speaker 2: gorilla mindset in terms of getting swollen stuff. I'm Goose mindset, man,

525
00:30:30,720 --> 00:30:31,440
Speaker 2: I'm Goose in it.

526
00:30:32,240 --> 00:30:34,760
Speaker 1: I'm also imagining Gold's gym, but it's Goose's gym. That

527
00:30:34,800 --> 00:30:35,880
Speaker 1: would be a good workout space.

528
00:30:36,000 --> 00:30:36,880
Speaker 2: Yeah, that'd be fun.

529
00:30:37,120 --> 00:30:40,160
Speaker 1: I feel like that'd be a laid back vibe there well.

530
00:30:40,320 --> 00:30:42,360
Speaker 1: And a couple of key sources here are writing for

531
00:30:42,480 --> 00:30:45,640
Speaker 1: National Geographic by Mark Strauss, and also an episode of

532
00:30:45,680 --> 00:30:48,680
Speaker 1: SI Show on YouTube. That one was hosted by Michael Randa.

533
00:30:49,600 --> 00:30:52,920
Speaker 1: They say that the chemistry of these different muscles is

534
00:30:52,960 --> 00:30:55,560
Speaker 1: why they appear white and dark to us when we're eating.

535
00:30:56,080 --> 00:30:59,520
Speaker 1: The fast switch muscles contain glycogen, which is a type

536
00:30:59,520 --> 00:31:02,400
Speaker 1: of sugar that we can burn in emergencies, and the

537
00:31:02,400 --> 00:31:07,440
Speaker 1: glecogen's pretty colorless. But slow twitch muscles contain lots of myoglobin,

538
00:31:07,480 --> 00:31:11,360
Speaker 1: which is red, and lots more mitochondria, which tends to

539
00:31:11,400 --> 00:31:15,560
Speaker 1: look brown, and that's useful for steady endurance type activities.

540
00:31:15,560 --> 00:31:18,400
Speaker 1: And so the red myoglobin and the brown mitochondria that

541
00:31:18,440 --> 00:31:20,320
Speaker 1: makes those muscles look darker.

542
00:31:22,080 --> 00:31:26,680
Speaker 2: That's really really interesting. I love that that is the

543
00:31:26,720 --> 00:31:29,560
Speaker 2: case for birds. What is your preference, Alex, dark meat

544
00:31:29,640 --> 00:31:31,440
Speaker 2: or white meat or do you love them both?

545
00:31:32,040 --> 00:31:35,200
Speaker 1: I love them both differently. Yeah, it's just great. Yeah, yeah,

546
00:31:35,240 --> 00:31:37,640
Speaker 1: I think because gravy too. Oh boy.

547
00:31:38,120 --> 00:31:39,200
Speaker 2: Yeah, it is pretty good.

548
00:31:39,640 --> 00:31:42,640
Speaker 1: And for the human eating end of it. So, wild

549
00:31:42,680 --> 00:31:45,920
Speaker 1: turkeys are able to fly because they need to nest

550
00:31:45,920 --> 00:31:50,720
Speaker 1: in trees. And then when we domesticated turkeys over generations,

551
00:31:50,760 --> 00:31:53,680
Speaker 1: we made especially their breasts larger and larger and made

552
00:31:53,680 --> 00:31:57,760
Speaker 1: them more top heavy to the point where they cannot fly. Sorry,

553
00:31:57,800 --> 00:32:01,160
Speaker 1: but we only did that a few centes or millennia ago,

554
00:32:01,480 --> 00:32:04,960
Speaker 1: and so they haven't totally lost those flight related muscles

555
00:32:05,000 --> 00:32:09,360
Speaker 1: when we're eating, it's just that they can't fly anymore. Yeah,

556
00:32:09,400 --> 00:32:12,120
Speaker 1: And in particular, after World War Two, we figured out

557
00:32:12,120 --> 00:32:15,480
Speaker 1: how to artificially inseminate turkeys, and so then we made

558
00:32:15,520 --> 00:32:18,320
Speaker 1: them so lapsided they can't mate with each other without

559
00:32:18,320 --> 00:32:22,560
Speaker 1: our help anymore. Yeah. The upshot, there is a lot

560
00:32:22,560 --> 00:32:27,160
Speaker 1: of people think turkeys can fly because wild turkeys can fly, Yeah,

561
00:32:27,200 --> 00:32:29,680
Speaker 1: but then domesticated turkeys cannot.

562
00:32:29,920 --> 00:32:35,280
Speaker 2: The extremely round, rotund turkeys that you see on sort

563
00:32:35,320 --> 00:32:38,560
Speaker 2: of like a happy Thanksgiving card is not really the

564
00:32:38,680 --> 00:32:42,600
Speaker 2: reality for wild turkeys. They are much more live and

565
00:32:42,840 --> 00:32:43,960
Speaker 2: so yeah.

566
00:32:43,880 --> 00:32:46,200
Speaker 1: Yeah, they're like skinny looking, yeah, for.

567
00:32:46,160 --> 00:32:49,320
Speaker 2: A lot of domesticated birds actually, like you know, chickens

568
00:32:49,360 --> 00:32:51,800
Speaker 2: as well, where like in other domesticated animals where we

569
00:32:51,880 --> 00:32:55,920
Speaker 2: have like so like min max to them such that

570
00:32:56,000 --> 00:32:59,640
Speaker 2: they are so meaty and like, yeah, there's like this

571
00:32:59,840 --> 00:33:03,640
Speaker 2: like double musculature that they can struggle to like, they

572
00:33:03,680 --> 00:33:07,040
Speaker 2: can't mate, so we've got to like go around with

573
00:33:07,200 --> 00:33:08,760
Speaker 2: like a fake bird wiener.

574
00:33:09,760 --> 00:33:11,480
Speaker 1: It seems a little wild, guys.

575
00:33:11,880 --> 00:33:15,200
Speaker 2: Seems like maybe uh, flying too close to the sun

576
00:33:16,160 --> 00:33:18,160
Speaker 2: right well.

577
00:33:18,280 --> 00:33:20,560
Speaker 1: Or not flying but yeah.

578
00:33:19,880 --> 00:33:24,880
Speaker 2: Or not flying and certainly not mating, being artificially inseminating

579
00:33:24,960 --> 00:33:26,000
Speaker 2: too close to the sun.

580
00:33:28,760 --> 00:33:33,120
Speaker 1: The most famous story about Americans not understanding this is

581
00:33:33,160 --> 00:33:36,080
Speaker 1: a piece of fiction that was based on reality. In

582
00:33:36,200 --> 00:33:40,640
Speaker 1: nineteen seventy eight, CBS premiered a new sitcom called WKRP

583
00:33:40,800 --> 00:33:45,080
Speaker 1: in Cincinnati, which was about a fictional radio station, and

584
00:33:45,160 --> 00:33:48,000
Speaker 1: in their first season, they aired a Thanksgiving themed episode

585
00:33:48,320 --> 00:33:51,920
Speaker 1: where the station does a promo of dropping turkeys from

586
00:33:51,960 --> 00:33:55,600
Speaker 1: a helicopter as a gift to the community, like living turkeys.

587
00:33:56,040 --> 00:33:59,280
Speaker 1: Oh no, yeah, but these are domesticated turkeys and fall

588
00:33:59,320 --> 00:33:59,840
Speaker 1: to their death.

589
00:34:00,360 --> 00:34:03,640
Speaker 2: That's that's a solid joke. That's solid joke writing there.

590
00:34:04,680 --> 00:34:08,719
Speaker 1: It's probably the most iconic WKRP episode. There's a part

591
00:34:08,760 --> 00:34:11,880
Speaker 1: where one character walks into the station afterward and says,

592
00:34:12,080 --> 00:34:14,480
Speaker 1: as God is my witness, I thought turkeys could fly.

593
00:34:16,239 --> 00:34:17,280
Speaker 1: That's just great.

594
00:34:18,040 --> 00:34:20,200
Speaker 2: I've never seen this since yet. Somehow I think that

595
00:34:20,280 --> 00:34:22,400
Speaker 2: has entered my consciousness at some point.

596
00:34:22,719 --> 00:34:24,640
Speaker 1: So yeah, I think that it's the famous one.

597
00:34:24,719 --> 00:34:26,200
Speaker 2: Yeah, famous one. Yeah.

598
00:34:26,440 --> 00:34:29,120
Speaker 1: And it turns out the writers wrote that because they

599
00:34:29,200 --> 00:34:33,640
Speaker 1: heard about this happening in real life in Atlanta and turkeys.

600
00:34:35,200 --> 00:34:41,719
Speaker 1: They pino shade turkeys. Oh gosh, yeah, either that or

601
00:34:41,800 --> 00:34:44,680
Speaker 1: high buildings. And apparently that happened a few times across

602
00:34:44,719 --> 00:34:48,160
Speaker 1: the mid nineteen hundreds US and so what you know

603
00:34:48,440 --> 00:34:52,040
Speaker 1: this change people didn't totally comprehend or understand. Why would

604
00:34:52,040 --> 00:34:52,279
Speaker 1: we do?

605
00:34:52,440 --> 00:34:55,040
Speaker 2: But was it the same reason as in the in

606
00:34:55,080 --> 00:34:58,240
Speaker 2: the fictional show, Like, was it like turkeys for all

607
00:34:58,280 --> 00:35:00,279
Speaker 2: and then we dropped them out of a bill ding?

608
00:35:01,000 --> 00:35:04,120
Speaker 1: Yeah, it was either promos for grocery stores or media

609
00:35:04,320 --> 00:35:08,799
Speaker 1: you know it was it was stunts because because like

610
00:35:08,840 --> 00:35:10,920
Speaker 1: the lion, as God is my witness, I thought turkeys

611
00:35:10,920 --> 00:35:13,080
Speaker 1: could fly like they thought it would be fine. Yeah,

612
00:35:13,520 --> 00:35:14,920
Speaker 1: it wasn't intended to be brutal.

613
00:35:15,320 --> 00:35:18,960
Speaker 2: Guys, have you seen have you looked? Have you ever

614
00:35:19,080 --> 00:35:22,440
Speaker 2: seen a turkey gracefully soaring overhead?

615
00:35:23,200 --> 00:35:23,359
Speaker 1: Right?

616
00:35:23,680 --> 00:35:26,840
Speaker 2: I get that there's the confusion because wild turkeys can fly.

617
00:35:26,719 --> 00:35:29,840
Speaker 1: A little bit. But also wild turkeys aren't great flyers.

618
00:35:29,880 --> 00:35:33,360
Speaker 2: They're really not built for like getting tossed out of

619
00:35:33,400 --> 00:35:34,239
Speaker 2: a helicopter.

620
00:35:35,440 --> 00:35:38,800
Speaker 1: Yeah, they're they're borderline jumping into trees like they are flying,

621
00:35:38,840 --> 00:35:39,520
Speaker 1: but it's not.

622
00:35:39,680 --> 00:35:46,839
Speaker 2: It's it's elegantly flapping their way to sort of an

623
00:35:46,920 --> 00:35:51,200
Speaker 2: an elevated jump, you know, like they're they're able to

624
00:35:51,320 --> 00:35:55,040
Speaker 2: dunk a basketball in with with a bit of help

625
00:35:55,080 --> 00:35:59,080
Speaker 2: from flapping. It's not they're not, you know, gracefully soaring

626
00:35:59,200 --> 00:36:00,200
Speaker 2: the skies.

627
00:36:00,760 --> 00:36:03,200
Speaker 1: That that should be the new puppy Bowl is turkey's dunking.

628
00:36:03,520 --> 00:36:05,080
Speaker 1: It's gotta be blame dunk contest.

629
00:36:05,080 --> 00:36:08,200
Speaker 2: It's got to be the new air Bud's gotta be air.

630
00:36:10,880 --> 00:36:13,759
Speaker 1: Well and folks, that's two huge takeaways and a lot

631
00:36:13,760 --> 00:36:15,560
Speaker 1: of numbers. We're going to take a quick break, then

632
00:36:15,600 --> 00:36:18,399
Speaker 1: come back with a couple more quick takeaways. Round this off.

633
00:36:28,440 --> 00:36:35,600
Speaker 1: We're back, and we're back with takeaway number three. Benjamin

634
00:36:35,640 --> 00:36:40,920
Speaker 1: Franklin advanced his electricity experiments and sapped himself in a

635
00:36:41,000 --> 00:36:43,480
Speaker 1: quest for tastier turkey meat.

636
00:36:44,160 --> 00:36:47,319
Speaker 2: Has been Franklin the one that wanted turkeys to be

637
00:36:47,400 --> 00:36:50,879
Speaker 2: the USA's bird of the nation.

638
00:36:52,120 --> 00:36:55,080
Speaker 1: Let's go ahead with that because many takeaway number four

639
00:36:58,680 --> 00:37:02,320
Speaker 1: Benjamin Franklin did not try to make turkeys the national

640
00:37:02,360 --> 00:37:13,200
Speaker 1: bird of the United States. He succeeded. Right, everyone finishes

641
00:37:13,239 --> 00:37:17,960
Speaker 1: the episode and everything's changed. There's turkeys on flags. Turkey, Yes,

642
00:37:18,040 --> 00:37:18,239
Speaker 1: we go.

643
00:37:19,360 --> 00:37:20,399
Speaker 2: He finally did it.

644
00:37:21,560 --> 00:37:24,080
Speaker 1: This is a quick takeaway because it's a common internet myth.

645
00:37:24,600 --> 00:37:26,880
Speaker 1: That's like making too much out of a real letter

646
00:37:26,960 --> 00:37:27,880
Speaker 1: that Franklin wrote.

647
00:37:28,320 --> 00:37:33,479
Speaker 2: He was seriously into turkeys, though that part's true, right Yeah.

648
00:37:33,520 --> 00:37:35,320
Speaker 1: In that bigger takeaway, we'll talk about how much he

649
00:37:35,360 --> 00:37:37,320
Speaker 1: loved eating them, and he was into them in general.

650
00:37:37,880 --> 00:37:40,279
Speaker 1: So like it makes sense people have heard this myth,

651
00:37:40,400 --> 00:37:44,560
Speaker 1: But all he actually did is privately criticize eagles and

652
00:37:44,640 --> 00:37:48,359
Speaker 1: compliment turkeys. In one letter to his daughter, he did

653
00:37:48,400 --> 00:37:50,719
Speaker 1: not like throw his body in front of the process

654
00:37:50,960 --> 00:37:52,520
Speaker 1: to make eagles the national bird.

655
00:37:53,120 --> 00:37:55,400
Speaker 2: What was his problem with eagles. He's like, they're a

656
00:37:55,640 --> 00:37:59,359
Speaker 2: bunch of jerks. They sound dumb because like every time

657
00:37:59,400 --> 00:38:03,200
Speaker 2: you hear an that majestic eagle cry, that's actually red

658
00:38:03,200 --> 00:38:06,319
Speaker 2: tailed hawk, right, they're like, bah, that's like, that's a

659
00:38:06,360 --> 00:38:08,959
Speaker 2: red tailed hawk, whereas like actual eagle calls are like.

660
00:38:11,719 --> 00:38:14,040
Speaker 1: Yeah, and when James Bond punches or kicks a guy,

661
00:38:14,040 --> 00:38:19,000
Speaker 1: they're actually breaking celery in the Foley studio end quote,

662
00:38:19,040 --> 00:38:20,360
Speaker 1: Ben Franklin.

663
00:38:20,440 --> 00:38:27,080
Speaker 2: They're actually breaking a bald eagle over their knee.

664
00:38:28,200 --> 00:38:31,680
Speaker 1: Yeah, So he almost said those first things in the

665
00:38:31,719 --> 00:38:35,239
Speaker 1: Franklin Institute is one source here in seventeen eighty four.

666
00:38:35,640 --> 00:38:39,080
Speaker 1: In seventeen eighty four, Ben wrote to his daughter Sarah saying, quote,

667
00:38:39,600 --> 00:38:42,440
Speaker 1: the bald eagle is a bird of bad moral character.

668
00:38:43,040 --> 00:38:45,600
Speaker 1: He does not get his living. Honestly, he is too

669
00:38:45,719 --> 00:38:48,360
Speaker 1: lazy to fish for himself. End quote.

670
00:38:48,840 --> 00:38:52,759
Speaker 2: I guess he observed a little bit of kleptoparasitism in

671
00:38:52,880 --> 00:38:56,120
Speaker 2: bald eagles where they stole fish from another bird, and

672
00:38:56,160 --> 00:38:59,680
Speaker 2: he judged them really judgaly, Yeah.

673
00:39:00,160 --> 00:39:01,200
Speaker 1: Of scientific observation.

674
00:39:01,800 --> 00:39:02,440
Speaker 2: Yeah.

675
00:39:02,560 --> 00:39:04,960
Speaker 1: Then the other thing is he later in the letter

676
00:39:05,560 --> 00:39:08,720
Speaker 1: just brings up turkeys as a criticism of bald eagles.

677
00:39:08,880 --> 00:39:11,200
Speaker 1: He says that the turkey is quote a much more

678
00:39:11,239 --> 00:39:16,000
Speaker 1: respectable bird and withal a true original native of America.

679
00:39:16,680 --> 00:39:19,279
Speaker 1: He is, besides, though a little vain and silly, a

680
00:39:19,320 --> 00:39:24,319
Speaker 1: bird of courage end quote bird of courage. Yeah, he

681
00:39:24,320 --> 00:39:27,960
Speaker 1: thinks turkeys are courageous. They pretty much are, I think. Yeah.

682
00:39:27,719 --> 00:39:30,279
Speaker 1: The thing is, he just wrote this one time, in

683
00:39:30,320 --> 00:39:33,520
Speaker 1: one letter. He never ever said any of that publicly,

684
00:39:34,200 --> 00:39:37,160
Speaker 1: and it just seems like a thought crossed his mind

685
00:39:37,280 --> 00:39:39,200
Speaker 1: and he wrote it down. There was never a like

686
00:39:39,320 --> 00:39:43,239
Speaker 1: Franklin for turkey's campaign button or something. This was never

687
00:39:43,280 --> 00:39:45,000
Speaker 1: a like actual effort in any way.

688
00:39:45,719 --> 00:39:49,840
Speaker 2: He didn't start move dot org petitions.

689
00:39:50,480 --> 00:39:55,440
Speaker 1: Yes, yeah, he started a podcast about movies and folly

690
00:39:55,520 --> 00:39:58,000
Speaker 1: art and then he started a move dot org petition.

691
00:39:59,120 --> 00:40:00,880
Speaker 1: Move on whatever it, move on.

692
00:40:01,280 --> 00:40:02,760
Speaker 2: I don't know stuff anymore.

693
00:40:03,680 --> 00:40:06,000
Speaker 1: Yeah. And also the other thing I like about this

694
00:40:06,080 --> 00:40:09,160
Speaker 1: myth is not only did Franklin not really push turkeys,

695
00:40:09,719 --> 00:40:13,480
Speaker 1: his letter does have one, to my mind, inaccurate criticism

696
00:40:13,520 --> 00:40:17,000
Speaker 1: of bald eagles, because when he's complementing turkeys, he says

697
00:40:17,040 --> 00:40:20,640
Speaker 1: they're a true original native of America, which is true,

698
00:40:21,040 --> 00:40:25,280
Speaker 1: bald eagles are also natives exactly. And yeah, especially before

699
00:40:25,360 --> 00:40:29,360
Speaker 1: the heavy human development by colonizers in places like the US,

700
00:40:29,560 --> 00:40:31,759
Speaker 1: bald eagles were endemic and a lot more of it.

701
00:40:32,400 --> 00:40:35,279
Speaker 1: They're still reintroduced your living in places like New York

702
00:40:35,280 --> 00:40:38,359
Speaker 1: that were original thirteen colonies, Like bald eagles are also

703
00:40:38,400 --> 00:40:38,879
Speaker 1: from here.

704
00:40:39,440 --> 00:40:42,280
Speaker 2: Yeah, they used to be like pigeons like everywhere, scrounged

705
00:40:42,320 --> 00:40:44,719
Speaker 2: around your trash, just getting everywhere.

706
00:40:45,400 --> 00:40:51,319
Speaker 1: What a cool pigeon. Man. It's probably one of the

707
00:40:51,320 --> 00:40:54,600
Speaker 1: most common turkey facts on the Internet, and it's just exaggerated.

708
00:40:54,719 --> 00:40:55,560
Speaker 1: It's not really a thing.

709
00:40:56,120 --> 00:40:58,799
Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, well you know, but he still liked them, right,

710
00:40:58,840 --> 00:41:03,239
Speaker 2: and you're saying that he was trying to create the

711
00:41:03,400 --> 00:41:08,080
Speaker 2: ultimate Like there's so many like turkey mishaps that people do,

712
00:41:08,239 --> 00:41:11,399
Speaker 2: like when they try to cook turkeys, like ranging from

713
00:41:11,440 --> 00:41:13,600
Speaker 2: just drying it out a bit, to like setting the

714
00:41:13,760 --> 00:41:16,799
Speaker 2: entire neighborhood on fire because you tried to deep fry

715
00:41:16,840 --> 00:41:20,920
Speaker 2: it in your driveway exactly. And it sounds like Benjamin

716
00:41:21,000 --> 00:41:26,720
Speaker 2: Franklin started the trend of endangering yourself and others trying

717
00:41:26,719 --> 00:41:29,160
Speaker 2: to cook a turkey exactly.

718
00:41:29,160 --> 00:41:32,520
Speaker 1: He's one of these guys. He invented stoves too. He

719
00:41:32,600 --> 00:41:34,840
Speaker 1: was very interested in eating a lot of food, cooking

720
00:41:35,160 --> 00:41:38,200
Speaker 1: and also electricity. And along the way there's this much

721
00:41:38,239 --> 00:41:41,560
Speaker 1: more interesting true fact about Franklin and turkeys, where he

722
00:41:41,680 --> 00:41:44,000
Speaker 1: was so bent on cooking them better than ever before,

723
00:41:44,120 --> 00:41:48,640
Speaker 1: he electrocuted himself pretty painfully and learned a valuable.

724
00:41:48,400 --> 00:41:53,080
Speaker 2: Lesson, you know, knowing what I vaguely know about ben Franklin, like,

725
00:41:53,320 --> 00:41:57,600
Speaker 2: I doubt that the electrocuting himself was a negative. I

726
00:41:57,640 --> 00:42:01,640
Speaker 2: think he might have liked that little bit in a

727
00:42:01,640 --> 00:42:02,200
Speaker 2: certain way.

728
00:42:02,920 --> 00:42:03,520
Speaker 1: He partied.

729
00:42:03,640 --> 00:42:08,239
Speaker 2: Yeah, he was a real bon.

730
00:42:08,719 --> 00:42:11,520
Speaker 1: And the key source here, along with the Franklin Institute,

731
00:42:11,600 --> 00:42:14,719
Speaker 1: is Timothy J. Jorgensen. He's a professor of medicine at

732
00:42:14,719 --> 00:42:18,279
Speaker 1: Georgetown University and award winning nonfiction author. He covers this

733
00:42:18,360 --> 00:42:21,560
Speaker 1: in his book titled Spark, The Life of Electricity and

734
00:42:21,600 --> 00:42:26,040
Speaker 1: the Electricity of Life. Because the famous Franklin electricity thing

735
00:42:26,120 --> 00:42:29,120
Speaker 1: is in seventeen fifty two, he puts a metal key

736
00:42:29,200 --> 00:42:31,359
Speaker 1: on the end of a kite string and uses that

737
00:42:31,400 --> 00:42:34,520
Speaker 1: to conduct electricity from a storm into a container.

738
00:42:35,360 --> 00:42:39,319
Speaker 2: I watched that Disney short about the little mouse hanging

739
00:42:39,360 --> 00:42:43,040
Speaker 2: out with Benjamin Franklin. I know my stuff.

740
00:42:43,680 --> 00:42:46,800
Speaker 1: Yeah, we can move on, Disney Master involved. Yeah, And

741
00:42:47,440 --> 00:42:50,680
Speaker 1: the one piece of gear in that to mention is

742
00:42:50,719 --> 00:42:53,960
Speaker 1: called a Leiden jar. It's named after a city in Europe.

743
00:42:54,560 --> 00:42:57,799
Speaker 1: Early in the seventeen hundred, scientists invented Leiden jars to

744
00:42:57,920 --> 00:43:03,440
Speaker 1: contain electricity in a static states, and they would painstakingly

745
00:43:03,520 --> 00:43:07,000
Speaker 1: rub things together or do other stuff to generate very

746
00:43:07,000 --> 00:43:09,680
Speaker 1: small amounts of static electricity and fill one of these

747
00:43:09,760 --> 00:43:11,480
Speaker 1: jars with it to the point where the jar could

748
00:43:11,520 --> 00:43:13,560
Speaker 1: give you an actual shock, not like just touching a

749
00:43:13,600 --> 00:43:14,520
Speaker 1: doorknob or something.

750
00:43:15,719 --> 00:43:18,080
Speaker 2: Right, So, like what I know about lighting jars is

751
00:43:18,080 --> 00:43:19,560
Speaker 2: you have a fluid in it and then you have

752
00:43:19,719 --> 00:43:22,520
Speaker 2: like a lid on it with sort of a metal

753
00:43:22,640 --> 00:43:27,160
Speaker 2: ball on top of it, and the fluid contained certain

754
00:43:27,200 --> 00:43:30,600
Speaker 2: sort of like mineral compounds that are meant to keep

755
00:43:30,640 --> 00:43:33,000
Speaker 2: that charge in it. Yeah, and then you would just

756
00:43:33,040 --> 00:43:36,279
Speaker 2: sort of like rub your socks on something then touch

757
00:43:36,320 --> 00:43:38,320
Speaker 2: the light and jar and try to get that in there.

758
00:43:38,640 --> 00:43:40,760
Speaker 2: But then if you touched it again, you'd get zapped.

759
00:43:41,800 --> 00:43:45,440
Speaker 1: Right, And when Franklin did his kite experiment in seventeen

760
00:43:45,520 --> 00:43:49,160
Speaker 1: fifty two, he probably would have died or severely harmed

761
00:43:49,239 --> 00:43:52,319
Speaker 1: himself if he hadn't had a previous experience with a

762
00:43:52,360 --> 00:43:55,160
Speaker 1: turkey in seventeen fifty, two years earlier.

763
00:43:55,800 --> 00:44:03,000
Speaker 2: Turkey saved are one of our most hedonistic founding father's lives.

764
00:44:03,239 --> 00:44:07,040
Speaker 1: That's right. He never would have poinked everybody at Versailles

765
00:44:07,040 --> 00:44:14,280
Speaker 1: without this life saving situation. And so in seventeen fifty

766
00:44:14,520 --> 00:44:17,560
Speaker 1: Franklin says, I'm going to cook a turkey tasty, er

767
00:44:17,600 --> 00:44:20,319
Speaker 1: and better than anyone ever has. What he did is

768
00:44:20,320 --> 00:44:23,680
Speaker 1: he took a bunch of filled Leiden jars and arranged

769
00:44:23,719 --> 00:44:26,719
Speaker 1: them to all zappa turkey to death and at least

770
00:44:26,760 --> 00:44:27,799
Speaker 1: a little bit cook it too.

771
00:44:28,560 --> 00:44:32,880
Speaker 2: What you're oh my god, electric chair for the turkey

772
00:44:33,600 --> 00:44:36,839
Speaker 2: where you're like you've been sentenced to the electric chair

773
00:44:37,120 --> 00:44:40,960
Speaker 2: and you know, a nice four hundred and twenty five

774
00:44:41,000 --> 00:44:45,520
Speaker 2: degrees for about four and a half hours. I don't

775
00:44:45,560 --> 00:44:47,360
Speaker 2: know how to cook a turkey. It's longer than that.

776
00:44:47,840 --> 00:44:52,120
Speaker 1: But the all thing, yeah, yeah, that's.

777
00:44:51,960 --> 00:44:55,440
Speaker 2: What's the situation with this, Like what does the what

778
00:44:55,480 --> 00:44:57,320
Speaker 2: did the turkey experience?

779
00:44:58,560 --> 00:45:01,600
Speaker 1: Yeah, it was like somewhat not experiment with electricity, but

780
00:45:01,680 --> 00:45:04,560
Speaker 1: mostly a cooking experiment. And turkey was one of Ben

781
00:45:04,600 --> 00:45:08,800
Speaker 1: Franklin's favorite foods. He also believed that most people would

782
00:45:09,600 --> 00:45:12,799
Speaker 1: like decapitate a turkey and then cook it, but he

783
00:45:12,880 --> 00:45:15,759
Speaker 1: felt that that gets you a less juicy turkey. What

784
00:45:16,520 --> 00:45:19,440
Speaker 1: if you cannot like puncture the turkey in any way

785
00:45:19,520 --> 00:45:21,919
Speaker 1: and electrocute it to death before cooking it?

786
00:45:22,080 --> 00:45:25,480
Speaker 2: Got this idea, he thought, Okay, well.

787
00:45:25,320 --> 00:45:27,600
Speaker 1: Which doesn't really make sense, but it was an experiment.

788
00:45:27,840 --> 00:45:31,120
Speaker 2: No, I mean, I guess it's like, ah, well, you know,

789
00:45:31,160 --> 00:45:34,520
Speaker 2: if you xanguinate a turkey first, there's less like bloody

790
00:45:34,640 --> 00:45:37,680
Speaker 2: juices in it. But what do you think is going

791
00:45:37,760 --> 00:45:41,360
Speaker 2: to happen all those juices if you like, you know, completely,

792
00:45:41,440 --> 00:45:46,439
Speaker 2: it's just going to like turn into a.

793
00:45:45,360 --> 00:45:49,920
Speaker 1: Balloon of hot turkey blood. Yeah, electrocution is not a

794
00:45:50,040 --> 00:45:54,200
Speaker 1: hydrating experience. No, so, so Franklin says, yeah, I missed

795
00:45:54,200 --> 00:45:57,719
Speaker 1: out this experiment. He did achieve at least one killing

796
00:45:57,760 --> 00:45:59,600
Speaker 1: a turkey that way, and he said, now I'm going

797
00:45:59,640 --> 00:46:01,800
Speaker 1: to dem it straight it to people. Very exciting.

798
00:46:02,040 --> 00:46:05,920
Speaker 2: Oh a live show fun. Yeah, why don't we do

799
00:46:06,000 --> 00:46:10,480
Speaker 2: this at our live show? Electrocute a living creature on stage?

800
00:46:11,800 --> 00:46:17,399
Speaker 1: British laws stupid, British loves mad at the king. So

801
00:46:17,440 --> 00:46:20,080
Speaker 1: the thing is, Franklin decides I'm going to start showing

802
00:46:20,120 --> 00:46:23,160
Speaker 1: this off to people. But one of his first attempts

803
00:46:23,200 --> 00:46:28,279
Speaker 1: to demonstrate it publicly, Franklin accidentally touches one of the

804
00:46:28,320 --> 00:46:32,719
Speaker 1: wires that's connected to the turkey and then grounds his

805
00:46:32,800 --> 00:46:36,040
Speaker 1: other hand so that all the Lyden jars electrocute him.

806
00:46:36,480 --> 00:46:40,000
Speaker 2: Mm. And so was he delicious after this?

807
00:46:41,800 --> 00:46:42,480
Speaker 1: Was he juicy?

808
00:46:42,600 --> 00:46:47,719
Speaker 2: Was his juiciness maintained during the kirking process?

809
00:46:50,480 --> 00:46:52,400
Speaker 1: I guess he said, so juicy he lived?

810
00:46:53,200 --> 00:46:56,440
Speaker 2: But that's oh man, I love that stays so juicy

811
00:46:56,480 --> 00:46:59,319
Speaker 2: that you live. That's such a good that's such a

812
00:46:59,360 --> 00:47:03,479
Speaker 2: good phrase. You know, stay ju see take that home

813
00:47:03,960 --> 00:47:09,279
Speaker 2: stage you see folks say say say ju see and live.

814
00:47:12,480 --> 00:47:15,520
Speaker 1: Yeah. And he was basically lucky. This was a public demonstration,

815
00:47:15,640 --> 00:47:17,319
Speaker 1: so people immediately helped him, you know.

816
00:47:18,920 --> 00:47:23,240
Speaker 2: But he do with a founding father who electrocutes himself

817
00:47:23,280 --> 00:47:25,319
Speaker 2: like pokem with a stick, like wake up, wake up?

818
00:47:26,000 --> 00:47:27,920
Speaker 1: Yeah, nothing super helpful, but I think, like bring him

819
00:47:27,920 --> 00:47:32,680
Speaker 1: water and stuff that'll help in this electrocution. Some water

820
00:47:33,719 --> 00:47:38,000
Speaker 1: just keeps laughing him. Yeah. And he wrote a letter

821
00:47:38,040 --> 00:47:41,160
Speaker 1: about this shortly after. In a letter to his brother John,

822
00:47:41,239 --> 00:47:44,800
Speaker 1: he said, quote the company present say that the flash

823
00:47:44,920 --> 00:47:47,919
Speaker 1: was very great, and the crack as loud as a pistol.

824
00:47:48,360 --> 00:47:51,000
Speaker 1: Yet my senses being instantly gone, I neither saw the

825
00:47:51,000 --> 00:47:53,319
Speaker 1: one nor heard the other, nor did I feel the

826
00:47:53,360 --> 00:47:56,279
Speaker 1: stroke on my hand, though afterward I found it had

827
00:47:56,360 --> 00:47:59,799
Speaker 1: raised a round swelling where the fire entered as big

828
00:47:59,840 --> 00:48:03,600
Speaker 1: as half a pistol bullet end quote. All right, well,

829
00:48:04,160 --> 00:48:06,440
Speaker 1: like he had a visible this is where electricity went

830
00:48:06,480 --> 00:48:11,000
Speaker 1: straight into me from my turkey execution apparatus. And then

831
00:48:11,040 --> 00:48:13,640
Speaker 1: Franklin just stopped trying to cook turkeys this way because

832
00:48:13,640 --> 00:48:18,480
Speaker 1: he decided the lethal danger is not worth it. It's

833
00:48:19,040 --> 00:48:21,040
Speaker 1: you know, he should find other ways.

834
00:48:20,840 --> 00:48:23,480
Speaker 2: To get his kicks, quitter coward.

835
00:48:26,800 --> 00:48:29,680
Speaker 1: And the thing is in his kite experiment. Two years later,

836
00:48:29,760 --> 00:48:32,160
Speaker 1: Franklin made a points of using a piece of silk

837
00:48:32,320 --> 00:48:35,160
Speaker 1: to manipulate the kite string because he had done further

838
00:48:35,239 --> 00:48:37,719
Speaker 1: experiments and found out that the silk would insulate him

839
00:48:37,719 --> 00:48:41,120
Speaker 1: from the electricity and he would be safe. And he

840
00:48:41,160 --> 00:48:43,200
Speaker 1: mainly bothered to do that kind of thing because of

841
00:48:43,239 --> 00:48:47,520
Speaker 1: his turkey accident. If he hadn't had that knowledge, a

842
00:48:47,640 --> 00:48:50,319
Speaker 1: lightning bolt from a thunderstorm could have killed him. Yeah,

843
00:48:50,560 --> 00:48:52,120
Speaker 1: he learned differently.

844
00:48:52,239 --> 00:48:56,759
Speaker 2: Well, that's a good lesson for you, folks. If you

845
00:48:56,920 --> 00:49:01,560
Speaker 2: electrocute yourself trying to cook a turkey live, you know,

846
00:49:01,960 --> 00:49:05,279
Speaker 2: take that and grow from it. Have a growth mindset.

847
00:49:08,239 --> 00:49:11,360
Speaker 1: And stay juicy. Have a growth mindset and a juicy mindset.

848
00:49:10,960 --> 00:49:14,480
Speaker 2: And stage Jose, stay juicy and live, folks.

849
00:49:16,760 --> 00:49:29,640
Speaker 1: I love it, folks. That's the main episode for this week.

850
00:49:29,760 --> 00:49:32,040
Speaker 1: Welcome to the outro with fun features for you, such

851
00:49:32,040 --> 00:49:34,719
Speaker 1: as help remembering this episode with a runback through the

852
00:49:34,800 --> 00:49:42,040
Speaker 1: big takeaways. Takeaway number one, the bird name turkey comes

853
00:49:42,040 --> 00:49:45,760
Speaker 1: from the name of the country Turkya and fifteen hundred's

854
00:49:45,800 --> 00:49:49,880
Speaker 1: world trade confusion. Takeaway number two. Turkeys have both white

855
00:49:49,880 --> 00:49:54,279
Speaker 1: meat and dark meat because wild turkeys fly a little bit.

856
00:49:55,040 --> 00:49:59,680
Speaker 1: Takeaway number three Benjamin Franklin advanced his electricity experiments and

857
00:49:59,760 --> 00:50:03,360
Speaker 1: arocuted himself in a quest for tasty or turkey meat

858
00:50:03,960 --> 00:50:07,279
Speaker 1: many Takeaway number four Benjamin Franklin did not try to

859
00:50:07,320 --> 00:50:10,960
Speaker 1: make turkeys the national bird of the United States. And

860
00:50:11,000 --> 00:50:15,200
Speaker 1: then so many numbers about turkey domestication, turkey blankets, the

861
00:50:15,360 --> 00:50:23,160
Speaker 1: wild behaviors and socialization of turkeys, and more. Those are

862
00:50:23,200 --> 00:50:25,879
Speaker 1: the takeaways. Also, I said that's the main episode because

863
00:50:25,920 --> 00:50:29,480
Speaker 1: there is more secretly incredibly fastening stuff available to you

864
00:50:29,600 --> 00:50:32,879
Speaker 1: right now if you support this show at maximum fund

865
00:50:32,920 --> 00:50:36,400
Speaker 1: dot org. Members are the reason this podcast exists, so

866
00:50:36,560 --> 00:50:39,160
Speaker 1: members get a bonus show every week where we explore

867
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Speaker 1: one obviously incredibly fascinating story related to the main episode.

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Speaker 1: This week's bonus topic is the historical role of turkey

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00:50:47,400 --> 00:50:51,359
Speaker 1: in the first US Thanksgiving and the first Canadian Thanksgiving.

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00:50:51,800 --> 00:50:54,480
Speaker 1: Visit sifpod dot fund for that bonus show for a

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00:50:54,520 --> 00:50:58,040
Speaker 1: library of more than eighteen dozen other secretly incredibly fastening

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00:50:58,080 --> 00:51:01,320
Speaker 1: bonus shows and a catalog of allso max fun bonus shows.

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00:51:01,480 --> 00:51:03,960
Speaker 1: It's special audio. It's just for members. Thank you to

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00:51:04,160 --> 00:51:08,399
Speaker 1: everybody who backs this podcast. Operation additional fun things, check

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00:51:08,400 --> 00:51:11,640
Speaker 1: out our research sources on this episode's page at maximum

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00:51:11,680 --> 00:51:15,480
Speaker 1: fund dot org. Key sources this week include a lot

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00:51:15,520 --> 00:51:19,480
Speaker 1: of biological reference techs about turkeys and other birds, especially

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00:51:19,520 --> 00:51:22,200
Speaker 1: the National Geographic Field Guide to Birds of North America,

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00:51:22,280 --> 00:51:26,280
Speaker 1: also the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, more Ben Franklin resources

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00:51:26,280 --> 00:51:29,879
Speaker 1: from the Franklin Institute, and more. Well researched journalism from

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00:51:29,920 --> 00:51:33,799
Speaker 1: the New Mexico Wildlife Magazine, Smithsonian Magazine, The Guardian, the

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00:51:33,800 --> 00:51:37,960
Speaker 1: San Francisco Chronicle, and more. That page also features resources

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00:51:37,960 --> 00:51:41,280
Speaker 1: such as Nativedashland dot ca. I'm using those to acknowledge

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00:51:41,320 --> 00:51:44,319
Speaker 1: that I recorded this in Lenape Hoking, the traditional land

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00:51:44,320 --> 00:51:47,319
Speaker 1: of the Muncy Lenape people and the Wappinger people, as

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00:51:47,400 --> 00:51:50,680
Speaker 1: well as the Mohican people, scatigoaqu people and others. Also,

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00:51:50,760 --> 00:51:53,000
Speaker 1: Katie taped this in the country of Italy, and I

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00:51:53,000 --> 00:51:55,439
Speaker 1: want to acknowledge that in my location, in many other

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Speaker 1: locations in the Americas and elsewhere, Native people are very

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00:51:58,880 --> 00:52:02,279
Speaker 1: much still here. That feels worth doing on each episode

891
00:52:02,400 --> 00:52:05,280
Speaker 1: and join the Free SIF discord, where we're sharing stories

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00:52:05,280 --> 00:52:07,960
Speaker 1: and resources about Native people and life. There is a

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00:52:08,000 --> 00:52:11,319
Speaker 1: link in this episode's description to join that discord. We're

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00:52:11,320 --> 00:52:14,479
Speaker 1: also talking about this episode on the discord. And hey,

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Speaker 1: would you like a tip on another episode because each

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00:52:17,160 --> 00:52:20,880
Speaker 1: week I'm finding you something randomly incredibly fascinating by running

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00:52:20,920 --> 00:52:24,160
Speaker 1: all the past episode numbers through a random number generator.

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Speaker 1: This week's pick Us episode one ninety nine, that's about

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00:52:26,760 --> 00:52:29,880
Speaker 1: the topic of hyenas. Fun fact there, especially at the

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00:52:29,960 --> 00:52:32,880
Speaker 1: very end of it. Female and male hyenas are built

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00:52:33,200 --> 00:52:36,400
Speaker 1: very differently than most other mammals in just an amazing

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00:52:36,480 --> 00:52:40,120
Speaker 1: way biologically and socially. That is also, of course another

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00:52:40,239 --> 00:52:43,359
Speaker 1: SIFF episode about an animal. We do those sometimes. If

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Speaker 1: you enjoyed this Turkey show or that Hyena show, I

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00:52:45,800 --> 00:52:49,200
Speaker 1: highly recommend my co host Katie Golden's weekly podcast Creature

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00:52:49,239 --> 00:52:52,880
Speaker 1: feature about animals, science and more. Our theme music is

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00:52:52,960 --> 00:52:55,799
Speaker 1: Unbroken Unshaven by the Buddos Band. Our show logo is

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00:52:55,800 --> 00:52:58,759
Speaker 1: by artist Burton durand special thanks to Chris SUSA for

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00:52:58,800 --> 00:53:01,840
Speaker 1: audio mastering on this episodisode. Special thanks to the Beacon

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00:53:01,920 --> 00:53:05,759
Speaker 1: Music Factory for taping support. Extra extra special thanks go

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00:53:05,800 --> 00:53:08,840
Speaker 1: to our members. Thank you to all our listeners, and

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00:53:08,880 --> 00:53:11,480
Speaker 1: a little programming note. Next week's show is going to

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Speaker 1: be a special message from us and also something we

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Speaker 1: built up extra special in the Maximum Fun Drive this

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00:53:17,440 --> 00:53:20,120
Speaker 1: year because a lot of good things happened in twenty

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Speaker 1: twenty four is worth remembering that. So we'll bring you

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Speaker 1: that next week. So excited to bring it to you,

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Speaker 1: and in the meantime talk to you then.

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Speaker 2: Maximum Fun a worker owned network

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00:53:48,640 --> 00:53:52,480
Speaker 1: Of artists owned shows supported directly by you.