1 00:00:10,039 --> 00:00:13,720 Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bloomberg Surveillance Podcast. I'm Tom Keene. Always 2 00:00:14,000 --> 00:00:17,560 Speaker 1: with Michael McKee. Daily we bring you insight from the 3 00:00:17,560 --> 00:00:22,760 Speaker 1: best in economics, finance, investment, and international relations. Find Bloomberg 4 00:00:22,840 --> 00:00:27,280 Speaker 1: Surveillance on iTunes, SoundCloud, Bloomberg dot Com, and of course, 5 00:00:27,760 --> 00:00:33,720 Speaker 1: on the Bloomberg Tom Keene took a day off. Can 6 00:00:33,800 --> 00:00:37,000 Speaker 1: you believe that Lisaid bradmo Witz did not. She's sitting 7 00:00:37,040 --> 00:00:39,600 Speaker 1: in for Tom and she'll be with us all morning 8 00:00:39,640 --> 00:00:43,000 Speaker 1: here on Bloomberg Surveillance. You only see if you drive 9 00:00:43,120 --> 00:00:47,160 Speaker 1: straight north from London, you come to Cambridge, take a left, 10 00:00:47,640 --> 00:00:49,920 Speaker 1: you know, a couple of miles up the road, and 11 00:00:49,960 --> 00:00:54,880 Speaker 1: you get to Mattie Lee, population ten. Does the Lord 12 00:00:55,000 --> 00:00:57,360 Speaker 1: what we're gonna find out? Because the Lord of the matter, 13 00:00:57,480 --> 00:01:01,600 Speaker 1: Baron Brown of Mattingly Large Brown, is whether it's the 14 00:01:01,640 --> 00:01:05,360 Speaker 1: former CEO of BP, one of the people we have 15 00:01:05,400 --> 00:01:08,160 Speaker 1: been talking to at length over the whole Brexit process. 16 00:01:08,440 --> 00:01:10,520 Speaker 1: Um and I want to get to that. But what 17 00:01:10,720 --> 00:01:13,080 Speaker 1: is what is it like in Mattingly. It's a very 18 00:01:13,120 --> 00:01:16,039 Speaker 1: small town. It's got a crossroads, it's got a church, 19 00:01:16,600 --> 00:01:18,800 Speaker 1: it's got a pub, it's got a restaurant and a 20 00:01:18,840 --> 00:01:22,920 Speaker 1: few houses. So this is the UK equivalent of a 21 00:01:23,000 --> 00:01:26,720 Speaker 1: one horse town. Does everybody know each other? Absolutely? And 22 00:01:26,760 --> 00:01:29,080 Speaker 1: there's a nice town hall as well, and there is 23 00:01:29,120 --> 00:01:32,160 Speaker 1: actually a big manner which doesn't belong to me, but 24 00:01:32,240 --> 00:01:34,959 Speaker 1: it belongs to Cambridge University and they do a lot 25 00:01:35,000 --> 00:01:38,080 Speaker 1: of teaching there. Do they bring you like tribute every year? 26 00:01:39,760 --> 00:01:43,039 Speaker 1: It's this has all changed now, you know. It's ever 27 00:01:43,080 --> 00:01:46,800 Speaker 1: since we are we separated from the United States that 28 00:01:47,319 --> 00:01:51,600 Speaker 1: everything changed in the UK as well. Well. Speaking of separation, 29 00:01:52,600 --> 00:01:54,640 Speaker 1: you separated for a much two and fifty years ago. 30 00:01:54,640 --> 00:01:56,720 Speaker 1: A second, I was about to say, it's not like 31 00:01:57,160 --> 00:02:01,880 Speaker 1: you have an institutional knowledge of personal knowledge at least 32 00:02:01,880 --> 00:02:05,400 Speaker 1: in this came along shortly thereafter. Yes, you did separate, 33 00:02:05,480 --> 00:02:07,680 Speaker 1: or you are going to separate at some point from 34 00:02:08,000 --> 00:02:11,040 Speaker 1: the European Union. It does appear. And you were telling uh, 35 00:02:11,200 --> 00:02:14,440 Speaker 1: Guy Johnson and I on Bluebrick Surveillance on television brexits Brexit. 36 00:02:14,560 --> 00:02:17,640 Speaker 1: You didn't want it, but you have to accept it now. 37 00:02:18,400 --> 00:02:21,560 Speaker 1: As a CEO, what would you do? You don't know 38 00:02:21,800 --> 00:02:25,080 Speaker 1: for two years what the terms are going to be. 39 00:02:25,919 --> 00:02:28,919 Speaker 1: Do you start making plans to move out of the UK, 40 00:02:29,280 --> 00:02:32,600 Speaker 1: move your supply chains? Do you invest for the future. 41 00:02:32,639 --> 00:02:35,160 Speaker 1: Do you start laying off workers? What do you do? 42 00:02:35,600 --> 00:02:38,120 Speaker 1: I think it depends on which sector you're in. Where 43 00:02:38,240 --> 00:02:42,320 Speaker 1: you have very strong regulatory issues, such as the financial 44 00:02:42,360 --> 00:02:48,240 Speaker 1: sector and passporting to provide services and sales to invest us, 45 00:02:48,600 --> 00:02:50,400 Speaker 1: then you've got to hedge your beds. I think you 46 00:02:50,440 --> 00:02:52,520 Speaker 1: want to sort of think about where would you keep 47 00:02:52,600 --> 00:02:56,160 Speaker 1: your staff and things like that. I think for other 48 00:02:56,240 --> 00:03:00,000 Speaker 1: manufacturing you have to go through and look very carefully 49 00:03:00,080 --> 00:03:04,200 Speaker 1: what you're doing. I personally would invest always through the cycle, 50 00:03:04,320 --> 00:03:08,200 Speaker 1: invest into some uncertainty. It's you can actually get some 51 00:03:08,520 --> 00:03:11,639 Speaker 1: good bargains that way, you know. I thought it was compelling. 52 00:03:11,720 --> 00:03:15,040 Speaker 1: Yesterday on Bloomberg Radio and Surveillance I h s IS, 53 00:03:15,280 --> 00:03:18,720 Speaker 1: Daniel Jurgen said that the one thing that has brought 54 00:03:18,760 --> 00:03:22,240 Speaker 1: down his estimates for growth is Brexit, and that they 55 00:03:22,280 --> 00:03:26,080 Speaker 1: think that possibly that could affect a couple of hundred 56 00:03:26,080 --> 00:03:29,760 Speaker 1: thousand barrels a day of oil and bring it offline 57 00:03:29,880 --> 00:03:32,680 Speaker 1: as a result. To you to agree it's possible, although 58 00:03:32,919 --> 00:03:36,920 Speaker 1: it depends, it's possible, and I wouldn't disagree with Dan, 59 00:03:37,040 --> 00:03:40,840 Speaker 1: and it certainly will reduce growth in the world in 60 00:03:40,920 --> 00:03:44,320 Speaker 1: one way or another. There is I'm sure that's the case. 61 00:03:45,040 --> 00:03:49,040 Speaker 1: Whether it will change the big change of investment patterns 62 00:03:49,080 --> 00:03:51,680 Speaker 1: that has occurred in the oil and gas business, I 63 00:03:51,680 --> 00:03:55,360 Speaker 1: think it's unlikely. After all, we've taken trillions of dollars 64 00:03:55,400 --> 00:03:59,160 Speaker 1: out of the investment in the oil and gas business. 65 00:03:59,200 --> 00:04:01,360 Speaker 1: This will be a very small change compared with the 66 00:04:01,400 --> 00:04:04,440 Speaker 1: big change as a result of the halving of oil prices. 67 00:04:04,480 --> 00:04:08,480 Speaker 1: But going back to slowing of demand and the fact 68 00:04:08,520 --> 00:04:10,800 Speaker 1: that you know a lot of people have attributed the 69 00:04:10,920 --> 00:04:13,400 Speaker 1: fall in oil prices to the slowing of demand and 70 00:04:13,400 --> 00:04:15,600 Speaker 1: the slowing of growth. Do you think that that this 71 00:04:16,080 --> 00:04:19,000 Speaker 1: that the growth could slow enough as a result of 72 00:04:19,040 --> 00:04:23,359 Speaker 1: Brexit to have a material effect an oil prices. I 73 00:04:23,360 --> 00:04:28,279 Speaker 1: don't think it's that significant globally, after all, growth in 74 00:04:28,680 --> 00:04:32,200 Speaker 1: oil consumption is something which is in the hands of 75 00:04:32,880 --> 00:04:37,880 Speaker 1: nations outside the United States and Canada and European nations. 76 00:04:38,200 --> 00:04:41,839 Speaker 1: The growth is about China, the growths about Africa, the 77 00:04:41,880 --> 00:04:44,760 Speaker 1: growths about South America, and the growth actually in the 78 00:04:44,800 --> 00:04:48,120 Speaker 1: Middle East. So these are the big drivers of growth. 79 00:04:48,800 --> 00:04:51,520 Speaker 1: Small changes I think in the structure of the economy 80 00:04:52,000 --> 00:04:55,279 Speaker 1: of Europe to do with oil and oil alone I 81 00:04:55,320 --> 00:04:58,400 Speaker 1: think would be reasonably small to bring it back to politics. 82 00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:03,400 Speaker 1: The Scots were very upset by the Brexit vote a 83 00:05:03,480 --> 00:05:06,360 Speaker 1: year ago. They turned down the idea of separating, with 84 00:05:06,440 --> 00:05:10,559 Speaker 1: their talking about having another referendum a forty dollars forty 85 00:05:10,640 --> 00:05:15,599 Speaker 1: five dollars. Can Scotland survive as an independent country? Would 86 00:05:15,600 --> 00:05:18,120 Speaker 1: it be a good idea for them to try this again? 87 00:05:18,320 --> 00:05:20,160 Speaker 1: I think it's very difficult for Scotland to be a 88 00:05:20,200 --> 00:05:23,039 Speaker 1: petro state based on I mean, that was the whole 89 00:05:23,080 --> 00:05:26,080 Speaker 1: theory behind the last referendum. Well, I think there's more 90 00:05:26,120 --> 00:05:28,200 Speaker 1: to it than just oil. I think that's to do 91 00:05:28,320 --> 00:05:31,920 Speaker 1: with a sense of identity which the people of Scotland 92 00:05:31,920 --> 00:05:34,200 Speaker 1: have been wrestling with for many years. So I think 93 00:05:34,240 --> 00:05:38,240 Speaker 1: it's that uh, and it's other other factors in the economy. 94 00:05:38,480 --> 00:05:41,560 Speaker 1: I think the oil business in the North Sea at 95 00:05:41,640 --> 00:05:44,960 Speaker 1: these sorts of oil prices is not an attractive business. 96 00:05:45,000 --> 00:05:49,000 Speaker 1: It's expensive and there are plenty of liabilities which need 97 00:05:49,080 --> 00:05:52,160 Speaker 1: to be cleaned up. In fact, the cleaning up of 98 00:05:52,240 --> 00:05:55,400 Speaker 1: the oil and gas facilities at the end of production 99 00:05:55,520 --> 00:05:58,640 Speaker 1: is very expensive and those liabilities got to be sorted 100 00:05:58,640 --> 00:06:01,440 Speaker 1: out before anybody thinks of ad who owns what in 101 00:06:01,480 --> 00:06:04,240 Speaker 1: the oil in the in the North Sea. In referencing 102 00:06:04,240 --> 00:06:06,560 Speaker 1: that you're talking about, of course deep water drilling, and 103 00:06:06,720 --> 00:06:10,960 Speaker 1: wondering going forward if north sea or anywhere, if you 104 00:06:11,080 --> 00:06:13,280 Speaker 1: really want to commit the kind of money you need 105 00:06:13,320 --> 00:06:16,760 Speaker 1: to commit to deep water drilling when you've got fracking available, 106 00:06:17,120 --> 00:06:19,960 Speaker 1: would companies just want to absorb as much of the 107 00:06:19,960 --> 00:06:22,680 Speaker 1: fracking property as possible and do the easy stuff for 108 00:06:22,720 --> 00:06:26,000 Speaker 1: a while. Fracking is obviously very important, and it's getting 109 00:06:26,080 --> 00:06:29,159 Speaker 1: better over time as it gets lower and lower costs, 110 00:06:29,160 --> 00:06:32,279 Speaker 1: so we do know that and therefore how productivity. But 111 00:06:32,360 --> 00:06:36,359 Speaker 1: the world will not survive on fracking alone. Most of 112 00:06:36,400 --> 00:06:39,480 Speaker 1: the oil in the world comes from much more conventional sources. 113 00:06:40,080 --> 00:06:43,960 Speaker 1: Uh These are offshore reserves in deep water as well 114 00:06:44,000 --> 00:06:46,880 Speaker 1: as onshore reserves and a whole variety of places, not 115 00:06:47,120 --> 00:06:50,719 Speaker 1: least the Middle East, so that all needs investment. There's 116 00:06:50,800 --> 00:06:54,760 Speaker 1: no oil field in the world that doesn't need reinvestment 117 00:06:54,920 --> 00:07:00,000 Speaker 1: because it's trying to walk up a downward racing escalator 118 00:07:00,040 --> 00:07:03,360 Speaker 1: to you know, everything declines the whole time, so you 119 00:07:03,440 --> 00:07:06,839 Speaker 1: need a lot of investment. And people will still have 120 00:07:06,920 --> 00:07:10,800 Speaker 1: to figure out ways of drilling in deep water, and 121 00:07:10,920 --> 00:07:12,720 Speaker 1: that will mean that there will be some pressure on 122 00:07:12,840 --> 00:07:16,040 Speaker 1: prices as we go forward. Has there been a concombinant 123 00:07:16,160 --> 00:07:19,760 Speaker 1: change in the technology for deep water to what we've 124 00:07:19,760 --> 00:07:22,960 Speaker 1: seen with tracking and not yet. I mean, there certainly 125 00:07:22,960 --> 00:07:25,560 Speaker 1: has been a lot of change. But the big change, 126 00:07:25,560 --> 00:07:27,920 Speaker 1: of course is nobody wants the drilling rigs and so 127 00:07:28,000 --> 00:07:31,320 Speaker 1: the cost is coming down. So we're here with John Brown, 128 00:07:31,520 --> 00:07:34,640 Speaker 1: Baron of Mattingly, and we are grace for this presence 129 00:07:34,920 --> 00:07:38,640 Speaker 1: on this day as people wonder about where oil is heading. 130 00:07:38,840 --> 00:07:42,040 Speaker 1: And you know, uh, John, you were the head of 131 00:07:42,120 --> 00:07:46,240 Speaker 1: BP and you saw it through a lot of rocky times. 132 00:07:46,360 --> 00:07:49,360 Speaker 1: Right now there is a big debate going on about 133 00:07:49,480 --> 00:07:53,160 Speaker 1: is its supply is it demand from If you were 134 00:07:53,400 --> 00:07:57,000 Speaker 1: still CEO of BP, would you be looking more at 135 00:07:57,040 --> 00:07:59,640 Speaker 1: the supplies of oil coming to the market or would 136 00:07:59,640 --> 00:08:02,120 Speaker 1: you be looking more at growth and the possible demand 137 00:08:02,280 --> 00:08:04,320 Speaker 1: in the next couple of months. So obviously you must 138 00:08:04,400 --> 00:08:07,120 Speaker 1: look at both because that the issue with oil is 139 00:08:07,240 --> 00:08:10,560 Speaker 1: the supply and demand are represented by two very very 140 00:08:10,600 --> 00:08:15,320 Speaker 1: big numbers, so the difference is subject to very big error. 141 00:08:15,560 --> 00:08:17,600 Speaker 1: And what we're looking at always is the difference. Are 142 00:08:17,600 --> 00:08:20,360 Speaker 1: we going to draw infantry? Are we're going to add infantry? 143 00:08:20,760 --> 00:08:22,680 Speaker 1: And that's the big question. So I always look at 144 00:08:22,720 --> 00:08:27,000 Speaker 1: stocks invantory see how they're going. And I always am 145 00:08:27,120 --> 00:08:32,280 Speaker 1: very skeptical about forecasts on demand because they are consistently 146 00:08:32,400 --> 00:08:37,479 Speaker 1: wrong and they're affected by short term information which when corrected, 147 00:08:38,200 --> 00:08:40,120 Speaker 1: never turns out to be the case. And we tend 148 00:08:40,160 --> 00:08:45,080 Speaker 1: to be rather optimistic about demand supply. I mean, there's 149 00:08:45,080 --> 00:08:48,000 Speaker 1: a tremendous number of people analyzing this and they get 150 00:08:48,000 --> 00:08:52,679 Speaker 1: it kind of right. But it's very political. It's determined 151 00:08:52,800 --> 00:08:56,120 Speaker 1: by the actions of states and of course the actions 152 00:08:56,160 --> 00:09:00,280 Speaker 1: of different crises. So if you look at the day, 153 00:09:00,360 --> 00:09:03,880 Speaker 1: there's plenty of oil which could be produced but is 154 00:09:03,920 --> 00:09:07,199 Speaker 1: not being produced because of issues, whether it was Canada 155 00:09:07,240 --> 00:09:10,920 Speaker 1: in the past, Nigeria, Iraq, it goes on. So as 156 00:09:10,920 --> 00:09:13,880 Speaker 1: a CEO of an oil company, how do you position? 157 00:09:14,480 --> 00:09:16,160 Speaker 1: So you want to make sure you clear your cost 158 00:09:16,200 --> 00:09:21,120 Speaker 1: of capital at low oil prices when you commit to investments, 159 00:09:21,400 --> 00:09:23,520 Speaker 1: and you do want to make sure that you can 160 00:09:23,720 --> 00:09:28,360 Speaker 1: see the point of payback in a reasonable, reasonable horizon 161 00:09:28,640 --> 00:09:30,920 Speaker 1: and in the oil business, and that's many years, but 162 00:09:31,120 --> 00:09:34,080 Speaker 1: not so many years as to go into a future 163 00:09:34,080 --> 00:09:37,199 Speaker 1: which is terribly uncertain. So you look, you always take 164 00:09:37,200 --> 00:09:40,400 Speaker 1: a sight of cautious view, but you've got to be 165 00:09:40,520 --> 00:09:44,800 Speaker 1: you've got to be very accurate on the quality of 166 00:09:44,840 --> 00:09:49,760 Speaker 1: the asset. You know, commodity businesses are all driven by cost, 167 00:09:50,559 --> 00:09:53,520 Speaker 1: and you if you're the lowest cost producer, you'll be 168 00:09:53,559 --> 00:09:56,280 Speaker 1: the last person to turn out the lights. You'll be fine. 169 00:09:56,760 --> 00:09:58,560 Speaker 1: So you've just got to make sure you keep your 170 00:09:58,600 --> 00:10:01,520 Speaker 1: costs down. And that's not just a matter of cutting 171 00:10:01,520 --> 00:10:05,000 Speaker 1: costs as a matter the inherent costs of the activity. 172 00:10:05,320 --> 00:10:08,320 Speaker 1: And that's why shale is proving to be so good 173 00:10:08,360 --> 00:10:11,520 Speaker 1: because it's getting lower cost and low cost. How long 174 00:10:11,600 --> 00:10:13,680 Speaker 1: is the lead time on a project, I mean, how 175 00:10:13,760 --> 00:10:16,080 Speaker 1: much guesswork do you have to do about what conditions 176 00:10:16,080 --> 00:10:19,200 Speaker 1: are going to be X years down the road? It depends. 177 00:10:19,240 --> 00:10:23,280 Speaker 1: I mean, if you're dealing with deep offshore oil oil 178 00:10:23,320 --> 00:10:27,840 Speaker 1: developments or l en G developments you're looking at you know, 179 00:10:27,880 --> 00:10:30,920 Speaker 1: you have to look twenty five years, so you may 180 00:10:30,920 --> 00:10:34,920 Speaker 1: not start production for seven to ten years before you 181 00:10:34,920 --> 00:10:37,720 Speaker 1: start a project. So you've got to you've got to 182 00:10:37,840 --> 00:10:42,040 Speaker 1: have different techniques to see how exposed to risks you are. 183 00:10:42,800 --> 00:10:46,840 Speaker 1: Pricing is very important. Costs are very important. Never know 184 00:10:46,960 --> 00:10:49,839 Speaker 1: whether the cost of a service goes up or down. 185 00:10:49,880 --> 00:10:53,439 Speaker 1: You've got to make forecasts and of course, geopolitical stability, 186 00:10:53,840 --> 00:10:56,719 Speaker 1: you know, are the terms and conditions you're given, the 187 00:10:56,720 --> 00:10:59,559 Speaker 1: ones that you will end up with when you start production. 188 00:11:00,440 --> 00:11:03,280 Speaker 1: That's usually the case here in the United States or 189 00:11:03,320 --> 00:11:06,080 Speaker 1: in Europe, but not always. When the price of oil 190 00:11:06,120 --> 00:11:09,640 Speaker 1: goes up, governments tend to look to take a bigger 191 00:11:09,920 --> 00:11:12,520 Speaker 1: chunk of the revenue. We've also seen a lot of 192 00:11:12,559 --> 00:11:16,200 Speaker 1: geopolitical instability around the world in the last couple of years, 193 00:11:16,240 --> 00:11:18,920 Speaker 1: seems like more than usual, maybe on a micro basis, 194 00:11:19,000 --> 00:11:24,240 Speaker 1: but country by country, you've got these oil facilities. How 195 00:11:24,240 --> 00:11:26,760 Speaker 1: do you measure that? How do you you know? How 196 00:11:26,800 --> 00:11:29,600 Speaker 1: do you know what's what's a good risk and what's 197 00:11:29,600 --> 00:11:33,040 Speaker 1: a bad risk. Well you can't, of course, So you've 198 00:11:33,040 --> 00:11:36,120 Speaker 1: got to think about the different possibilities of how things 199 00:11:36,160 --> 00:11:39,200 Speaker 1: come together and people, I mean generally none of us 200 00:11:39,200 --> 00:11:42,840 Speaker 1: are very good at I think, understanding what might happen 201 00:11:43,160 --> 00:11:46,920 Speaker 1: to nations. But you know, when prices are down, it's 202 00:11:47,040 --> 00:11:51,280 Speaker 1: usually not surprising that the political instability does go up 203 00:11:51,320 --> 00:11:54,440 Speaker 1: in some nations because there's less money around and says 204 00:11:54,480 --> 00:11:57,280 Speaker 1: someone loses. I love Mike your implication that there's like 205 00:11:57,320 --> 00:11:59,800 Speaker 1: a preximeter trump at meter out there that you can 206 00:12:00,240 --> 00:12:03,640 Speaker 1: check engage whether or not you're gonna run into some instability. 207 00:12:04,040 --> 00:12:06,640 Speaker 1: You know. I was just looking at some default data 208 00:12:06,679 --> 00:12:10,400 Speaker 1: this morning and it showed that defaults among US junk 209 00:12:10,400 --> 00:12:14,920 Speaker 1: bound company junk rated energy companies have soared beyond ten 210 00:12:14,960 --> 00:12:18,720 Speaker 1: percent and are expected to go up further a year 211 00:12:18,800 --> 00:12:22,080 Speaker 1: from now. Do you think that this sort of lower rated, 212 00:12:22,480 --> 00:12:25,880 Speaker 1: smaller suite of energy companies in the US will pose 213 00:12:25,960 --> 00:12:29,040 Speaker 1: less of a competition, Oh, definitely. I mean a lot 214 00:12:29,080 --> 00:12:31,720 Speaker 1: of them will get out of business and then post 215 00:12:31,720 --> 00:12:36,200 Speaker 1: bankruptcy the assets will be sold and some will if 216 00:12:36,240 --> 00:12:39,920 Speaker 1: they have any good assets. What you do see in 217 00:12:39,960 --> 00:12:44,240 Speaker 1: the market has a lot of recapitalizations, so equity for debt, 218 00:12:45,040 --> 00:12:49,480 Speaker 1: different type of restructuring of the debt waterfall. All of 219 00:12:49,520 --> 00:12:51,760 Speaker 1: that's taking place. But a lot of the assets which 220 00:12:51,800 --> 00:12:56,079 Speaker 1: are subject to these bankruptcies or the potential bankruptcies are 221 00:12:56,200 --> 00:12:59,559 Speaker 1: very very high cost, where I think investors are looking 222 00:12:59,600 --> 00:13:02,880 Speaker 1: and say, actually, the cost can't come down to make 223 00:13:02,920 --> 00:13:05,520 Speaker 1: this work unless the price of wars a hundred dollars 224 00:13:05,559 --> 00:13:08,560 Speaker 1: and that's too remote a possibility. But do you think 225 00:13:08,559 --> 00:13:12,120 Speaker 1: that as a result of this, other bigger companies are 226 00:13:12,160 --> 00:13:14,640 Speaker 1: going to ramp up supply to sort of. I think 227 00:13:14,720 --> 00:13:18,240 Speaker 1: that these small companies generally are not material again to 228 00:13:18,360 --> 00:13:22,720 Speaker 1: the big supply picture, and some of the medium sized companies, 229 00:13:22,760 --> 00:13:26,880 Speaker 1: which are excellent working in the in the unconventional business 230 00:13:26,880 --> 00:13:30,760 Speaker 1: in the US, can certainly turn up activity and get 231 00:13:30,800 --> 00:13:34,000 Speaker 1: production out more easily than these companies could have done. 232 00:13:34,080 --> 00:13:36,600 Speaker 1: So I don't think we'll notice the difference. And besides, 233 00:13:36,880 --> 00:13:39,679 Speaker 1: good assets never go away, so if they've got good things, 234 00:13:40,000 --> 00:13:43,280 Speaker 1: people will be there competing for these assets as they 235 00:13:43,280 --> 00:13:46,840 Speaker 1: are today. I mean they're paying huge amounts of money 236 00:13:46,840 --> 00:13:51,880 Speaker 1: for them. John Brown, Lord Brown, Barren Brown of Mattically, 237 00:13:52,040 --> 00:13:55,880 Speaker 1: thanks for being with today, Thanks for coming in. Hopefully 238 00:13:55,920 --> 00:13:58,040 Speaker 1: the pound isn't costing you too much money to come 239 00:13:58,040 --> 00:14:11,199 Speaker 1: over here. Matthew Harnboch is with us. He's got to 240 00:14:11,240 --> 00:14:13,240 Speaker 1: find shoulders. He's got to do it every day. He's 241 00:14:13,240 --> 00:14:15,000 Speaker 1: got to find where bond yields are going to go 242 00:14:15,320 --> 00:14:19,960 Speaker 1: in a world where, uh, this is who knows. I mean, 243 00:14:20,120 --> 00:14:22,760 Speaker 1: you know, it used to be that investors bought bonds. 244 00:14:22,800 --> 00:14:26,520 Speaker 1: Now central banks by bonds. Nobody knows who or why 245 00:14:26,640 --> 00:14:28,760 Speaker 1: or what's going to happen on a day to day basis. 246 00:14:29,000 --> 00:14:32,880 Speaker 1: But we're gonna ask matt Matt Yeah. He's the global 247 00:14:32,880 --> 00:14:35,520 Speaker 1: head of interest rate strategy at Morgan Stanley, and he 248 00:14:35,600 --> 00:14:38,120 Speaker 1: has made the bold call of the year, which is 249 00:14:38,600 --> 00:14:41,560 Speaker 1: by two thousand seven this time two thousand seventeen will 250 00:14:41,600 --> 00:14:45,720 Speaker 1: be living in a one percent ten year one percent 251 00:14:46,040 --> 00:14:49,640 Speaker 1: I say that again, one percent ten year universe, which 252 00:14:49,960 --> 00:14:53,320 Speaker 1: implies to me like you could use the yield curve 253 00:14:53,360 --> 00:14:56,560 Speaker 1: as a ruler at that point, right, Yes, the the 254 00:14:56,640 --> 00:14:59,080 Speaker 1: yield curve would be quite flat at at that point 255 00:14:59,120 --> 00:15:01,120 Speaker 1: in time. I mean, we're calling this the year of 256 00:15:01,160 --> 00:15:04,320 Speaker 1: the Bowl because we've got central banks that are easing 257 00:15:04,360 --> 00:15:08,720 Speaker 1: policy globally. We expect that to continue with the ECB 258 00:15:09,560 --> 00:15:11,680 Speaker 1: at some point this year, with the Bank of Japan 259 00:15:11,760 --> 00:15:14,040 Speaker 1: at some point this year, with the Bank of England 260 00:15:14,200 --> 00:15:17,200 Speaker 1: at some point this year. In our chief US economist 261 00:15:17,200 --> 00:15:19,760 Speaker 1: Ellen Zentner is expecting the Fed to do nothing for 262 00:15:19,800 --> 00:15:23,040 Speaker 1: the next eighteen months. So there's a lot going on 263 00:15:23,120 --> 00:15:26,600 Speaker 1: in central bank land, uh, and we expect that with 264 00:15:26,640 --> 00:15:29,800 Speaker 1: central banks doing what they're doing, it will be very difficult, 265 00:15:29,960 --> 00:15:32,680 Speaker 1: if not impossible, for interest rates to rise very much 266 00:15:32,840 --> 00:15:36,560 Speaker 1: in this environment. And so with that, we are looking 267 00:15:36,600 --> 00:15:42,400 Speaker 1: at economic growth globally, which will disappoint consensus expectations that 268 00:15:42,480 --> 00:15:45,440 Speaker 1: type of disappointment is going to send yields lower, and 269 00:15:45,480 --> 00:15:48,040 Speaker 1: that's kind of what we're forecasting at this point, yields lower. 270 00:15:48,400 --> 00:15:50,840 Speaker 1: You spent a lot of time in Japan looking at 271 00:15:50,880 --> 00:15:54,440 Speaker 1: the bond market they're living there. Are we experiencing the 272 00:15:54,520 --> 00:15:58,880 Speaker 1: Japanification of the US, So you know, the economies are 273 00:15:59,120 --> 00:16:01,840 Speaker 1: certainly different. UH. And I don't want to paint the 274 00:16:01,880 --> 00:16:05,600 Speaker 1: picture of the US economy that is like the Japanese economy, 275 00:16:06,120 --> 00:16:09,080 Speaker 1: but in terms of the type of deleveraging that has 276 00:16:09,120 --> 00:16:13,240 Speaker 1: happened in the US economy, UM, it definitely smells very 277 00:16:13,280 --> 00:16:16,640 Speaker 1: similar to what we saw in Japan. The players are different. 278 00:16:17,040 --> 00:16:20,160 Speaker 1: In Japan, you had a deleveraging of the corporate sector 279 00:16:20,720 --> 00:16:24,480 Speaker 1: UH and the banking sector UH. And in the United States, 280 00:16:24,840 --> 00:16:28,480 Speaker 1: the corporate sector hasn't really participated in that deleveraging. In fact, 281 00:16:28,520 --> 00:16:31,840 Speaker 1: they've actually been leveraging up their balance sheets. So how 282 00:16:31,880 --> 00:16:36,080 Speaker 1: long could US Treasury yields tenure yields stay at one? 283 00:16:37,040 --> 00:16:39,480 Speaker 1: So look, I think and that is going to depend 284 00:16:39,520 --> 00:16:41,800 Speaker 1: on what the Federal Reserve ends up doing and what 285 00:16:41,960 --> 00:16:45,040 Speaker 1: happens outside of the US economy. UM. One of the 286 00:16:45,040 --> 00:16:49,160 Speaker 1: big themes really starting since August of last year, was 287 00:16:49,440 --> 00:16:53,720 Speaker 1: that China began to change their currency regime UH, devaluing 288 00:16:53,760 --> 00:16:57,160 Speaker 1: their currency, and that's something that we expect will continue. 289 00:16:57,480 --> 00:17:01,080 Speaker 1: That changed the landscape for global interest rates at that 290 00:17:01,160 --> 00:17:04,240 Speaker 1: point in time, and since August of last year, we've 291 00:17:04,280 --> 00:17:08,399 Speaker 1: had really nothing but a bowl market in global bond yields. UH. 292 00:17:08,440 --> 00:17:13,160 Speaker 1: The reason is because the devaluation and depreciation of the 293 00:17:13,240 --> 00:17:18,280 Speaker 1: Chinese rim and B has allowed the disinflationary environment in 294 00:17:18,359 --> 00:17:23,520 Speaker 1: China to really be exported to other developed market economies globally. 295 00:17:23,680 --> 00:17:25,959 Speaker 1: That's what we're seeing in the US, we're talking about 296 00:17:26,040 --> 00:17:29,760 Speaker 1: Mett's call for a one percent treasury by the first 297 00:17:29,840 --> 00:17:33,960 Speaker 1: quarter of next year. Is that where you stop. Could 298 00:17:33,960 --> 00:17:37,399 Speaker 1: we go lower? We could, We could certainly go lower 299 00:17:37,440 --> 00:17:39,480 Speaker 1: than that, but you're going to have to start making 300 00:17:39,520 --> 00:17:43,240 Speaker 1: assumptions about federal reserve policy if you are expecting a 301 00:17:43,320 --> 00:17:46,520 Speaker 1: yield to fall too much below one percent. Here we're 302 00:17:46,520 --> 00:17:50,480 Speaker 1: talking principally about the quantitative easing program that the FED 303 00:17:50,560 --> 00:17:54,880 Speaker 1: had ended over a year ago coming back full force. UM. 304 00:17:54,960 --> 00:17:57,400 Speaker 1: That's an assumption that we're really not willing to make 305 00:17:57,520 --> 00:18:02,119 Speaker 1: at this point in time. Our coconomists are forecasting a 306 00:18:02,280 --> 00:18:06,240 Speaker 1: US growth picture that is going to disappoint people. We're 307 00:18:06,240 --> 00:18:08,600 Speaker 1: looking at growth next year to the tune of about 308 00:18:08,600 --> 00:18:12,640 Speaker 1: one point four percent in the United States. That's relative 309 00:18:12,680 --> 00:18:16,200 Speaker 1: to a consensus expectation above two. So we're talking about 310 00:18:16,200 --> 00:18:19,040 Speaker 1: a pretty big miss on US growth next year. That, 311 00:18:19,240 --> 00:18:22,199 Speaker 1: in my view, is going to get people talking about 312 00:18:22,280 --> 00:18:24,560 Speaker 1: the next move by the Federal Reserve being an easing. 313 00:18:25,040 --> 00:18:27,960 Speaker 1: But that's something that the markets won't fully price in 314 00:18:28,119 --> 00:18:30,960 Speaker 1: until we get much closer. Can I ask it? And 315 00:18:31,000 --> 00:18:34,159 Speaker 1: then I'll let Lesa carry it? But I gotta ask this, uh, 316 00:18:34,280 --> 00:18:36,040 Speaker 1: this question here when I was just thinking about the 317 00:18:36,080 --> 00:18:39,679 Speaker 1: implications of a one tenure and one that could go 318 00:18:39,800 --> 00:18:42,360 Speaker 1: lower and the flat yield curve, what would you tell 319 00:18:42,400 --> 00:18:45,040 Speaker 1: somebody to buy if you're talking about an interest rate 320 00:18:45,200 --> 00:18:50,280 Speaker 1: spread of between twos and tens of thirty basis points 321 00:18:50,359 --> 00:18:52,120 Speaker 1: or something like that, I mean, what would you buy? 322 00:18:52,119 --> 00:18:54,960 Speaker 1: And even why? Yeah? Well, I mean I think one 323 00:18:54,960 --> 00:18:56,840 Speaker 1: of the things that you would look for is just 324 00:18:57,000 --> 00:18:59,199 Speaker 1: higher yields. And the question that you'd have to answer 325 00:18:59,280 --> 00:19:01,560 Speaker 1: is how much risk would you be willing to take 326 00:19:01,800 --> 00:19:04,720 Speaker 1: for that incremental yield pick up? And you're talking about 327 00:19:04,760 --> 00:19:07,440 Speaker 1: extending from the ten year Treasury security to the thirty 328 00:19:07,520 --> 00:19:10,440 Speaker 1: year treasury security. That's a very large jump up in 329 00:19:10,520 --> 00:19:13,359 Speaker 1: duration risk that you'd be taking in your portfolio. But 330 00:19:13,720 --> 00:19:16,600 Speaker 1: if you want that incremental yield, that's what you're going 331 00:19:16,680 --> 00:19:19,320 Speaker 1: to have to do. And that's what investors globally are 332 00:19:19,440 --> 00:19:23,000 Speaker 1: facing these days. Is this this decision between how much 333 00:19:23,040 --> 00:19:26,600 Speaker 1: incremental yield do I want in my portfolio versus how 334 00:19:26,680 --> 00:19:28,359 Speaker 1: much risk am I willing to take to get that 335 00:19:28,440 --> 00:19:30,679 Speaker 1: incremental yield. You wonder whether it would happen at the 336 00:19:30,680 --> 00:19:33,400 Speaker 1: thirty lisa because there aren't that many and and and 337 00:19:33,440 --> 00:19:37,720 Speaker 1: if everybody's searching for yield, well, you know I want 338 00:19:37,720 --> 00:19:39,399 Speaker 1: to I want to take the opposite side of this. 339 00:19:39,520 --> 00:19:42,040 Speaker 1: I mean, I'm looking at flows OTA just for for 340 00:19:42,200 --> 00:19:44,359 Speaker 1: U s E. T f s that focus on government bonds. 341 00:19:44,359 --> 00:19:46,600 Speaker 1: In a year to day, there's been almost nine billion 342 00:19:46,640 --> 00:19:50,159 Speaker 1: dollars of inflows, increasing the assets, the total assets and 343 00:19:50,200 --> 00:19:53,000 Speaker 1: these funds by more than twelve percent. You've seen incredible 344 00:19:53,119 --> 00:19:58,640 Speaker 1: record breaking flows going into in particular US government bonds 345 00:19:58,720 --> 00:20:01,920 Speaker 1: and investment grade bonds. What is the risk that you're 346 00:20:01,920 --> 00:20:05,640 Speaker 1: wrong and that something happens and yields rise and these 347 00:20:05,680 --> 00:20:08,800 Speaker 1: bets are going to go very bad, very quickly. Well, 348 00:20:08,840 --> 00:20:10,840 Speaker 1: there's there's always that risk. I mean that risk has 349 00:20:10,880 --> 00:20:13,560 Speaker 1: been present for thirty years, but that really hasn't stopped 350 00:20:13,560 --> 00:20:16,760 Speaker 1: interest rates from trending lower. You need to look at 351 00:20:16,800 --> 00:20:20,560 Speaker 1: what people are expecting and how things are going to 352 00:20:20,600 --> 00:20:23,840 Speaker 1: come in versus those expectations. And for the past thirty years, 353 00:20:23,880 --> 00:20:27,560 Speaker 1: we've had an inflation environment in the US which has 354 00:20:27,600 --> 00:20:31,280 Speaker 1: just not met people's expectations. Inflation has come in much lower, 355 00:20:31,560 --> 00:20:34,760 Speaker 1: and that's what our economists are expecting will continue. When 356 00:20:34,800 --> 00:20:38,240 Speaker 1: you look at the G ten economies across the developed world, 357 00:20:38,680 --> 00:20:42,160 Speaker 1: we're forecasting core rates of inflation that are not going 358 00:20:42,200 --> 00:20:46,119 Speaker 1: to meet central bank targets for a long time. What 359 00:20:46,160 --> 00:20:48,560 Speaker 1: would you have to see? What would Morgan Stanley have 360 00:20:48,680 --> 00:20:51,679 Speaker 1: to see to change that view. I think one of 361 00:20:51,680 --> 00:20:54,040 Speaker 1: the things that would change our view is if we 362 00:20:54,160 --> 00:20:57,359 Speaker 1: got the type of fiscal stimulus out of some of 363 00:20:57,400 --> 00:20:59,920 Speaker 1: the major economies in the world that people aren't expecting, 364 00:21:00,119 --> 00:21:02,480 Speaker 1: Like what, well, we're we have to see something coming 365 00:21:02,480 --> 00:21:05,359 Speaker 1: out of the euro Area that's not We just don't 366 00:21:05,359 --> 00:21:08,280 Speaker 1: think the politics in Europe or the politics in the 367 00:21:08,400 --> 00:21:11,679 Speaker 1: US are going to help us achieve that type of 368 00:21:11,720 --> 00:21:15,040 Speaker 1: fiscal stimulus. That really is needed. Now in Japan, it's 369 00:21:15,040 --> 00:21:18,800 Speaker 1: a different story. We're expecting eight trillion yen worth of 370 00:21:18,920 --> 00:21:23,040 Speaker 1: real spending coming out of the Abbe administration. That's something 371 00:21:23,040 --> 00:21:25,200 Speaker 1: that people are talking about and have been talking about 372 00:21:25,200 --> 00:21:27,639 Speaker 1: for many, many months now. But that's what we're expecting. 373 00:21:27,840 --> 00:21:30,920 Speaker 1: We're not expecting that type of fiscal stimulus to come 374 00:21:30,920 --> 00:21:34,399 Speaker 1: out of Europe, the US, or even the UK. Do 375 00:21:34,400 --> 00:21:37,439 Speaker 1: you see helicopter money being on the table for Europe. 376 00:21:37,640 --> 00:21:41,120 Speaker 1: We don't see helicopter money as it has been popularized 377 00:21:41,160 --> 00:21:44,399 Speaker 1: in the media. Uh. The the idea of helicopter money 378 00:21:44,520 --> 00:21:48,000 Speaker 1: is one that we actually are already dealing with today 379 00:21:48,040 --> 00:21:50,760 Speaker 1: in the fact that you have some governments that are 380 00:21:50,920 --> 00:21:54,320 Speaker 1: running fiscal deficits, and you have central banks that are 381 00:21:54,400 --> 00:21:57,680 Speaker 1: in a sense monetizing those deficits in their with their 382 00:21:57,720 --> 00:22:01,080 Speaker 1: qui programs. That is what I would call de facto 383 00:22:01,200 --> 00:22:05,560 Speaker 1: helicopter money. Do you think that central banks will forgive 384 00:22:06,240 --> 00:22:09,439 Speaker 1: the debt for the government it will cancel out? I 385 00:22:09,440 --> 00:22:12,119 Speaker 1: don't think that is in the cards. No. Um Politically, 386 00:22:12,320 --> 00:22:15,679 Speaker 1: it would be probably unpalatable for these central banks to 387 00:22:15,720 --> 00:22:18,679 Speaker 1: even consider doing something like that. So that's not something 388 00:22:18,680 --> 00:22:21,600 Speaker 1: that we would expect to happen at all. How would 389 00:22:22,320 --> 00:22:27,920 Speaker 1: explicit helicopter money affect trading in the bond market. Uh 390 00:22:28,119 --> 00:22:32,840 Speaker 1: if if basically the conduit is from the fiscal authority 391 00:22:32,920 --> 00:22:37,119 Speaker 1: to the monetary authority, where do retail investors or institutional 392 00:22:37,119 --> 00:22:39,920 Speaker 1: investors come in that, and how would it work? I mean, 393 00:22:39,920 --> 00:22:42,399 Speaker 1: in some ways, it would be similar to a traditional 394 00:22:42,440 --> 00:22:45,119 Speaker 1: fiscal stimulus. There's going to be spending coming from the 395 00:22:45,160 --> 00:22:49,480 Speaker 1: government hitting the bank accounts of private sector players. Uh. 396 00:22:49,520 --> 00:22:51,399 Speaker 1: They're going to spend that money, and the question is 397 00:22:51,440 --> 00:22:54,800 Speaker 1: what does the fiscal multiplier look like when you have 398 00:22:55,240 --> 00:22:58,720 Speaker 1: this injection of cash into the economy. So ultimately, in 399 00:22:59,200 --> 00:23:02,359 Speaker 1: the near term, you would see bond yields likely rise 400 00:23:02,440 --> 00:23:05,320 Speaker 1: because the expectation for helicopter money is quite low at 401 00:23:05,320 --> 00:23:07,560 Speaker 1: this point in time and the price of these markets. 402 00:23:07,800 --> 00:23:10,400 Speaker 1: If you got helicopter money, I would expect to see 403 00:23:10,400 --> 00:23:14,080 Speaker 1: bond yields rise. Uh. That, however, I would also expect 404 00:23:14,080 --> 00:23:16,359 Speaker 1: to be temporary, because keep in mind, you're going to 405 00:23:16,440 --> 00:23:20,600 Speaker 1: have a lot more money chasing not as many government bonds. 406 00:23:20,840 --> 00:23:24,280 Speaker 1: Think about it this way, when you have traditional fiscal stimulus, 407 00:23:24,480 --> 00:23:26,840 Speaker 1: you have government spending, and then you have an increase 408 00:23:26,880 --> 00:23:29,679 Speaker 1: in bond supply, so eventually that money can find its 409 00:23:29,680 --> 00:23:33,520 Speaker 1: way into bonds. But helicopter money simply is just an 410 00:23:33,520 --> 00:23:36,760 Speaker 1: expansion of the money supply. But there's no there's no 411 00:23:36,840 --> 00:23:40,600 Speaker 1: offsetting increase in government bond supply. So ultimately, and here 412 00:23:40,600 --> 00:23:43,439 Speaker 1: we're talking years down the road, but if you do 413 00:23:43,520 --> 00:23:47,200 Speaker 1: get helicopter money, it could actually end up being more 414 00:23:47,240 --> 00:23:50,280 Speaker 1: bullish for government bonds over the long term because you 415 00:23:50,320 --> 00:23:53,040 Speaker 1: don't have that increase in government bond supply. What if 416 00:23:53,080 --> 00:23:57,040 Speaker 1: you're wrong in your call, What if the economy surprises 417 00:23:57,119 --> 00:23:59,760 Speaker 1: to the upside, the FED raises rates, even as some 418 00:24:00,040 --> 00:24:02,440 Speaker 1: them have suggested in the last couple of weeks twice 419 00:24:02,960 --> 00:24:06,280 Speaker 1: this year. This isn't just a call. I mean, if 420 00:24:06,359 --> 00:24:09,800 Speaker 1: so many people are in at such a low yield um, 421 00:24:10,720 --> 00:24:13,720 Speaker 1: there could be a rush for the door. Absolutely, and 422 00:24:13,760 --> 00:24:16,440 Speaker 1: that's why at Morgan Stanley we have a framework when 423 00:24:16,440 --> 00:24:21,040 Speaker 1: we're forecasting interest rates, equities, foreign exchange where we put 424 00:24:21,040 --> 00:24:23,840 Speaker 1: together bull and bear scenarios. You know what, if we're wrong, 425 00:24:24,080 --> 00:24:26,960 Speaker 1: there's always a chance, uh, And so in our bear 426 00:24:27,040 --> 00:24:30,119 Speaker 1: case scenario for government bonds, which would include some of 427 00:24:30,160 --> 00:24:32,359 Speaker 1: the assumptions that you talked about with central banks raising 428 00:24:32,440 --> 00:24:35,560 Speaker 1: rates the FED in particular, we would be looking at 429 00:24:35,600 --> 00:24:38,800 Speaker 1: higher bond yields. Absolutely in that case, I could see 430 00:24:38,800 --> 00:24:42,800 Speaker 1: the tenure treasury going above two fairly easily if the 431 00:24:42,840 --> 00:24:45,480 Speaker 1: FED were to continue to raise rates and the rest 432 00:24:45,480 --> 00:24:48,720 Speaker 1: of the global economy were to improve. That's a key 433 00:24:48,720 --> 00:24:51,040 Speaker 1: assumption there. But how do people get out in that 434 00:24:51,119 --> 00:24:54,680 Speaker 1: situation without getting killed? Well, government bond the government bond 435 00:24:54,680 --> 00:24:57,600 Speaker 1: markets are the most liquid markets in the in the world, 436 00:24:57,800 --> 00:25:00,760 Speaker 1: so until they met in last crash in the bond 437 00:25:00,800 --> 00:25:03,080 Speaker 1: market ones, that's right, and in the flat and the 438 00:25:03,160 --> 00:25:05,560 Speaker 1: and the and this is what investors have to try 439 00:25:05,560 --> 00:25:10,080 Speaker 1: to understand, is that with the generally reduced UH liquidity 440 00:25:10,160 --> 00:25:12,679 Speaker 1: in times of stress, you know, you you do have 441 00:25:12,760 --> 00:25:14,919 Speaker 1: to you do have to take that into consideration. But 442 00:25:15,320 --> 00:25:17,800 Speaker 1: I would say in general, if the FED were to 443 00:25:17,880 --> 00:25:20,879 Speaker 1: high rates, I would operate on the assumption that we 444 00:25:20,920 --> 00:25:23,359 Speaker 1: would not be in a time of stress really quickly. 445 00:25:23,840 --> 00:25:26,120 Speaker 1: Do you see us at the beginning of a massive 446 00:25:26,280 --> 00:25:29,520 Speaker 1: asset bubble that we have not seen before as people 447 00:25:29,800 --> 00:25:32,119 Speaker 1: rush into risk your assets as a result of these 448 00:25:32,160 --> 00:25:34,640 Speaker 1: incredibly low yields. Well, acid bubbles are in the eye 449 00:25:34,640 --> 00:25:37,560 Speaker 1: of the beholder. Um, I don't see a bubble in bonds. 450 00:25:37,760 --> 00:25:40,959 Speaker 1: I haven't seen a bubble and government bonds in some time. Uh. 451 00:25:41,119 --> 00:25:44,520 Speaker 1: Here we're talking about supply and demand. Central banks are 452 00:25:44,560 --> 00:25:49,760 Speaker 1: increasing their demand for bonds. Bond prices are responding accordingly. Uh, 453 00:25:49,920 --> 00:25:53,080 Speaker 1: That to me is not necessarily a bubble, all right. 454 00:25:53,160 --> 00:25:56,320 Speaker 1: Matthew Harna from Morgan's Daley Global Head of Interest rate Strategy, 455 00:25:56,320 --> 00:26:07,440 Speaker 1: thanks for joining us. Well. Donald Trump did speak last night. 456 00:26:07,440 --> 00:26:10,960 Speaker 1: They dropped the balloons. The party is over in Cleveland, 457 00:26:10,960 --> 00:26:14,920 Speaker 1: but the memories linger. Vin Webber is with Mercury Partner's 458 00:26:15,000 --> 00:26:19,879 Speaker 1: former member of Congress, UH frequent Bloomberg surveillance guests, and Vin, 459 00:26:20,480 --> 00:26:21,960 Speaker 1: I know you were there for. What did you stay 460 00:26:22,000 --> 00:26:24,399 Speaker 1: for the whole thing? I did not, Mike. I was 461 00:26:24,440 --> 00:26:27,879 Speaker 1: there Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday. But I'm not a delegate, 462 00:26:28,320 --> 00:26:30,840 Speaker 1: and I've been through enough conventions to know that the 463 00:26:30,880 --> 00:26:33,360 Speaker 1: best part of wisdom is getting out of town before 464 00:26:33,600 --> 00:26:36,680 Speaker 1: the candidate accepted the nomination. Otherwise you got a crush 465 00:26:36,680 --> 00:26:39,600 Speaker 1: at the airport. So I left yesterday afternoon, came home 466 00:26:39,640 --> 00:26:42,080 Speaker 1: and watch speech last night from my in my living room. 467 00:26:42,400 --> 00:26:44,200 Speaker 1: We'll get to the speech at a moment, but up 468 00:26:44,200 --> 00:26:47,879 Speaker 1: to the point where you left. What was it like, Well, 469 00:26:47,920 --> 00:26:51,560 Speaker 1: it was it was different. Uh. In this regard, you 470 00:26:51,840 --> 00:26:54,000 Speaker 1: normally go to a convention. By the time you're at 471 00:26:54,000 --> 00:26:57,879 Speaker 1: the convention, the divisions of the primary season are pretty 472 00:26:57,920 --> 00:27:01,520 Speaker 1: much behind you, and almost every buddy is excited to 473 00:27:01,680 --> 00:27:04,560 Speaker 1: varying degrees about their nominee. Now, by the time we 474 00:27:04,600 --> 00:27:07,679 Speaker 1: got to the convention in Tampa, everybody was pretty excited 475 00:27:07,720 --> 00:27:10,560 Speaker 1: about Romney, even though there had been a bitter campaign 476 00:27:10,720 --> 00:27:14,040 Speaker 1: in the primaries against him. But everybody got the time. 477 00:27:14,160 --> 00:27:16,240 Speaker 1: This was not the case in Cleveland. There are still 478 00:27:16,280 --> 00:27:19,439 Speaker 1: an awful lot of people running around unhappy about Donald 479 00:27:19,480 --> 00:27:23,000 Speaker 1: Trump or resigned at best having supported him. I do 480 00:27:23,119 --> 00:27:26,879 Speaker 1: think over the course of the convention, the natural dynamic 481 00:27:26,960 --> 00:27:29,600 Speaker 1: of the party coming together did it have some effect 482 00:27:29,640 --> 00:27:34,359 Speaker 1: for him, But in my observation, it never became quite 483 00:27:34,520 --> 00:27:37,760 Speaker 1: the celebration that you expected. The National Convention. Did you 484 00:27:37,800 --> 00:27:42,520 Speaker 1: actually hear people debating on the floor why they were 485 00:27:42,680 --> 00:27:45,320 Speaker 1: or were not enthusiastic about him? Oh? Yeah, you heard 486 00:27:45,320 --> 00:27:47,760 Speaker 1: a lot of people talking about that. And all the 487 00:27:48,080 --> 00:27:50,119 Speaker 1: truth is, if you if you become a delegate to 488 00:27:50,160 --> 00:27:55,320 Speaker 1: the Republican National Convention, of those people do not want 489 00:27:55,359 --> 00:27:57,639 Speaker 1: to cause trouble for Donald Trump. So it's not like 490 00:27:57,720 --> 00:28:00,359 Speaker 1: they were making I mean, I think the Trump people, 491 00:28:00,359 --> 00:28:03,000 Speaker 1: by the way, made some trouble for themselves in fighting 492 00:28:03,000 --> 00:28:05,199 Speaker 1: that rule on Monday of the convention. They didn't need 493 00:28:05,240 --> 00:28:07,000 Speaker 1: to fight that. They could have they would have won. 494 00:28:07,320 --> 00:28:09,760 Speaker 1: They said they had of the votes on their side. 495 00:28:09,760 --> 00:28:11,840 Speaker 1: They could have let the vote take in place, and 496 00:28:12,000 --> 00:28:14,239 Speaker 1: had a lot of people who felt some pressure had 497 00:28:14,280 --> 00:28:16,760 Speaker 1: been let off. But most of these people wanted to 498 00:28:16,800 --> 00:28:18,960 Speaker 1: get behind Trump. But you had an awful lot of 499 00:28:18,960 --> 00:28:21,919 Speaker 1: people talking about how they were much more focused on 500 00:28:22,040 --> 00:28:25,080 Speaker 1: re electing their senators and their governor and their congressmen, 501 00:28:25,200 --> 00:28:28,520 Speaker 1: and they were just hopeful that Trump would end up 502 00:28:28,560 --> 00:28:30,720 Speaker 1: not being a drag on the ticket in their home state. 503 00:28:31,080 --> 00:28:34,240 Speaker 1: So it was it was a mixed bag in a 504 00:28:34,280 --> 00:28:36,639 Speaker 1: way that you don't really see it conventions very often. 505 00:28:37,160 --> 00:28:39,360 Speaker 1: Maybe back in nineteen seventy six, if you want to 506 00:28:39,360 --> 00:28:42,800 Speaker 1: go back that far, the Reagan people were not excited 507 00:28:42,840 --> 00:28:45,720 Speaker 1: about getting behind Gerald Fort but it was not quite 508 00:28:45,760 --> 00:28:48,360 Speaker 1: like this. I mean, they were they were waiting for 509 00:28:48,360 --> 00:28:49,960 Speaker 1: four years later when they were going to get breaking 510 00:28:50,000 --> 00:28:54,560 Speaker 1: elected president. My brain, when I am thinking about what 511 00:28:54,680 --> 00:28:58,720 Speaker 1: we saw this week, sort of went back to seventy two. 512 00:28:58,920 --> 00:29:00,480 Speaker 1: I don't want to make too much of a sixty 513 00:29:00,480 --> 00:29:03,920 Speaker 1: eight comparison because that was outside the hall, and uh, 514 00:29:03,960 --> 00:29:06,720 Speaker 1: it was, you know, a really kind of horrible time. 515 00:29:07,040 --> 00:29:10,400 Speaker 1: But in seventy two in Miami, the mcgoverned people ran 516 00:29:10,520 --> 00:29:13,120 Speaker 1: the convention about as well as Donald Trump's people did, 517 00:29:13,160 --> 00:29:16,080 Speaker 1: as I remember, uh, and I remember that George McGovern 518 00:29:16,200 --> 00:29:20,880 Speaker 1: started speaking at instead of Thursday night on Friday morning. 519 00:29:20,880 --> 00:29:24,080 Speaker 1: By the time he was speaking, have other than that. 520 00:29:24,360 --> 00:29:26,520 Speaker 1: Have you ever seen a convention run as badly as 521 00:29:26,520 --> 00:29:29,480 Speaker 1: this one, or one that generated as many negative headlines 522 00:29:29,560 --> 00:29:32,240 Speaker 1: as this one? Well, let me first of all put 523 00:29:32,280 --> 00:29:35,880 Speaker 1: a caveat on that the management of the physical management 524 00:29:35,880 --> 00:29:38,320 Speaker 1: of the convention was good. And I want to say 525 00:29:38,360 --> 00:29:41,400 Speaker 1: that because Cleveland was a wonderful town. I I and 526 00:29:42,160 --> 00:29:45,360 Speaker 1: they've had some bad luck over the years, but I 527 00:29:45,400 --> 00:29:48,120 Speaker 1: want to say Cleveland ran a great convention. The people 528 00:29:48,120 --> 00:29:51,120 Speaker 1: were good, there were no safety problems, everything right efficiently. 529 00:29:51,280 --> 00:29:54,640 Speaker 1: Now in terms of the program of the convention itself, 530 00:29:54,720 --> 00:29:57,240 Speaker 1: which was not the responsibility of the people in Cleveland, 531 00:29:57,240 --> 00:30:00,480 Speaker 1: but the responsibility of the Trump campaign, You're right, they 532 00:30:00,520 --> 00:30:03,760 Speaker 1: screwed it up badly. They they they didn't let their 533 00:30:03,800 --> 00:30:06,880 Speaker 1: speeches properly. They didn't have the right speakers up there. 534 00:30:07,360 --> 00:30:09,240 Speaker 1: They fought fights, as I mentioned a minute ago on 535 00:30:09,280 --> 00:30:11,600 Speaker 1: the rules that they didn't need to fight. They got 536 00:30:11,600 --> 00:30:15,640 Speaker 1: into a public argument with Governor kasik unnecessarily the most 537 00:30:15,640 --> 00:30:18,440 Speaker 1: popular Republican in the state of Ohio. Uh. And I 538 00:30:18,880 --> 00:30:20,800 Speaker 1: I think that they did a lot of things that 539 00:30:20,920 --> 00:30:23,080 Speaker 1: they did not manage the message coming out of the 540 00:30:23,080 --> 00:30:25,200 Speaker 1: campaign very well. But I want to say for our 541 00:30:25,240 --> 00:30:27,520 Speaker 1: friends in Cleveland, they did a nice job. You know. 542 00:30:27,760 --> 00:30:30,160 Speaker 1: I was struck by Ted Cruise's speech and how that 543 00:30:30,280 --> 00:30:34,240 Speaker 1: was really a galvanizing moment for the entire room at 544 00:30:34,240 --> 00:30:38,120 Speaker 1: the convention, and it's sort of coalesced, uh, the delegates 545 00:30:38,120 --> 00:30:41,520 Speaker 1: and everybody there around Donald Trump in a in a way. 546 00:30:41,560 --> 00:30:43,920 Speaker 1: Do you think that it read the same way to 547 00:30:44,000 --> 00:30:48,479 Speaker 1: the people watching on TV? No, I don't think so. 548 00:30:48,640 --> 00:30:53,320 Speaker 1: I think the the analysis afterwards permeated and people around 549 00:30:53,360 --> 00:30:55,680 Speaker 1: the country saw, yeah, that was not a gracious thing 550 00:30:55,720 --> 00:30:58,480 Speaker 1: that Ted Cruz did, um, But I don't I think 551 00:30:58,480 --> 00:31:02,520 Speaker 1: people watching TV saw something different. The sad thing for 552 00:31:02,600 --> 00:31:06,480 Speaker 1: somebody that comes from my perspective is that the substance 553 00:31:06,840 --> 00:31:09,600 Speaker 1: of Ted Cruz's speech forgetting for a second that he 554 00:31:09,600 --> 00:31:11,760 Speaker 1: didn't endorse Trump. If if you can forget that, the 555 00:31:11,840 --> 00:31:15,240 Speaker 1: substance was a very important message. I mean, he talked 556 00:31:15,240 --> 00:31:17,720 Speaker 1: about things that Republicans hadn't talked about for a while. 557 00:31:17,720 --> 00:31:21,360 Speaker 1: He talked about Abraham Lincoln, he talked about the Emancipation Proclamation, 558 00:31:21,520 --> 00:31:24,000 Speaker 1: he talked about the nineteen sixty four Civil Rights Act, 559 00:31:24,040 --> 00:31:28,320 Speaker 1: and he actually talked about LGBT rights. I mean, that 560 00:31:28,440 --> 00:31:30,800 Speaker 1: was a message coming up, as it did from the 561 00:31:30,840 --> 00:31:34,440 Speaker 1: most conservative candidate in our primaries. It was really quite 562 00:31:34,440 --> 00:31:38,040 Speaker 1: remarkable and would have been a positive contribution to the 563 00:31:38,040 --> 00:31:41,280 Speaker 1: communications coming out of that convention. But it was all 564 00:31:41,320 --> 00:31:43,640 Speaker 1: swept away by the focus on the fact that he 565 00:31:43,680 --> 00:31:47,400 Speaker 1: declined to endorse. And if he had just begun by saying, 566 00:31:47,840 --> 00:31:51,040 Speaker 1: I'm pleased to be here and endorse our candidate Donald Trump. 567 00:31:51,080 --> 00:31:53,000 Speaker 1: Now here are my thoughts. That's all I needed to do. 568 00:31:53,760 --> 00:31:57,120 Speaker 1: One sentence would have gotten the focus on the substance 569 00:31:57,160 --> 00:32:00,640 Speaker 1: of his speech instead of on the snub Donald Trump. 570 00:32:00,840 --> 00:32:02,960 Speaker 1: There's been a lot of things spilled over the idea 571 00:32:03,040 --> 00:32:07,040 Speaker 1: that Donald Trump manages to consistently land on his feet 572 00:32:07,160 --> 00:32:11,600 Speaker 1: regardless of how much bad press he and his campaign gets. 573 00:32:11,960 --> 00:32:15,760 Speaker 1: Do you think that this convention is the same. I 574 00:32:15,760 --> 00:32:19,000 Speaker 1: think that. I think that he ended the camp the 575 00:32:19,760 --> 00:32:23,360 Speaker 1: convention with a speech that sets him in the direction 576 00:32:23,400 --> 00:32:27,200 Speaker 1: that he wants to go. I'm not a Trump Republican, 577 00:32:27,480 --> 00:32:29,400 Speaker 1: but I have to say I thought he did better 578 00:32:29,480 --> 00:32:32,360 Speaker 1: than I thought he would last night. He avoided, uh, 579 00:32:32,800 --> 00:32:36,280 Speaker 1: sort of the off the cuff demonization of the other side. 580 00:32:36,640 --> 00:32:40,000 Speaker 1: He presented a dark picture of America, much darker than 581 00:32:40,040 --> 00:32:43,440 Speaker 1: I think is justified by reality. But he did portray 582 00:32:43,520 --> 00:32:46,080 Speaker 1: himself as the person to fix that problem and to 583 00:32:46,160 --> 00:32:48,760 Speaker 1: make us safe, and to rebuild our infrastructure and things 584 00:32:48,800 --> 00:32:51,280 Speaker 1: like that. And I think that I think that you know, 585 00:32:51,400 --> 00:32:53,600 Speaker 1: but at the end of the day, the candidates speech 586 00:32:54,080 --> 00:32:58,120 Speaker 1: is what matters at these conventions, and he I don't 587 00:32:58,160 --> 00:33:01,520 Speaker 1: think he This was not a beach i'lla Ronald Reagan 588 00:33:02,480 --> 00:33:05,200 Speaker 1: or Barack Obama back in two thousand and eight, but 589 00:33:05,280 --> 00:33:08,040 Speaker 1: it was it got him where he needed to be. Well, 590 00:33:08,320 --> 00:33:11,080 Speaker 1: do you think you think a majority of Americans would 591 00:33:11,120 --> 00:33:14,360 Speaker 1: be willing to buy that vision of American? I think 592 00:33:14,400 --> 00:33:18,200 Speaker 1: that's a big question in this campaign, maybe the biggest 593 00:33:18,280 --> 00:33:21,920 Speaker 1: question in this campaign. We've had more than one candidate 594 00:33:22,000 --> 00:33:25,480 Speaker 1: running on a dark vision of America. Bernie Sanders was 595 00:33:25,480 --> 00:33:29,360 Speaker 1: was pretty dark in his approach to America. UM, and 596 00:33:29,400 --> 00:33:31,960 Speaker 1: we'll see. I wonder what the Democrats are gonna do 597 00:33:32,080 --> 00:33:35,160 Speaker 1: in Philadelphia next week. If they'll spend all their time 598 00:33:35,200 --> 00:33:37,760 Speaker 1: talking about the negative side. That's that will be harder 599 00:33:37,800 --> 00:33:39,120 Speaker 1: for them to do because they've been in the White 600 00:33:39,120 --> 00:33:41,520 Speaker 1: House for eight years. It's you know, when you run 601 00:33:41,520 --> 00:33:46,440 Speaker 1: for office, there there's a strange danger in being too optimistic. 602 00:33:46,520 --> 00:33:48,640 Speaker 1: And we always say if people want to be optimistic, 603 00:33:48,800 --> 00:33:50,960 Speaker 1: people want to vote for optimism. I think that's true, 604 00:33:51,240 --> 00:33:53,360 Speaker 1: but they also want to know that you feel their pain, 605 00:33:53,400 --> 00:33:55,480 Speaker 1: that you understand that there are problems to be solved. 606 00:33:55,800 --> 00:33:57,320 Speaker 1: You don't want to tell them you've never had it 607 00:33:57,400 --> 00:34:00,560 Speaker 1: so good. We need to get some band to this 608 00:34:00,680 --> 00:34:03,720 Speaker 1: message about where America is. We face significant threats, but 609 00:34:03,760 --> 00:34:06,239 Speaker 1: you know, you just look at the reality of it is. 610 00:34:06,760 --> 00:34:10,200 Speaker 1: America has never been so dominant, for instance, in the 611 00:34:10,239 --> 00:34:13,719 Speaker 1: emerging technologies of the day than we are right now 612 00:34:14,040 --> 00:34:18,520 Speaker 1: with biotechnology and nanotechnology and artificial intelligence and all the 613 00:34:18,560 --> 00:34:20,440 Speaker 1: things that are going to dominate the economy for the 614 00:34:20,480 --> 00:34:24,040 Speaker 1: next fifty years. Well you can you can have been 615 00:34:24,239 --> 00:34:27,160 Speaker 1: here all that technology. On the Bloomberg Plus radio app 616 00:34:27,239 --> 00:34:31,080 Speaker 1: talking with Vin Weber, who is now a partner at 617 00:34:31,120 --> 00:34:35,919 Speaker 1: Mercury Partners and former member of Congress from Minnesota. Where 618 00:34:35,920 --> 00:34:40,560 Speaker 1: as we know, everybody is nice. Um, this was not 619 00:34:40,680 --> 00:34:45,600 Speaker 1: a nice convention. This was not a nice speech by 620 00:34:45,680 --> 00:34:49,640 Speaker 1: Donald Trump, who is not a nice nominee in your 621 00:34:49,680 --> 00:34:53,960 Speaker 1: old district. How would this play? Are people as upset 622 00:34:54,000 --> 00:34:56,160 Speaker 1: so that you know they don't mind insulting people and 623 00:34:56,200 --> 00:34:59,759 Speaker 1: calling each other names? Um Or is this going to 624 00:34:59,800 --> 00:35:02,160 Speaker 1: be a tough sell? I don't think it plays well 625 00:35:02,200 --> 00:35:04,080 Speaker 1: in my part of the country, to be honest about it. 626 00:35:04,080 --> 00:35:08,279 Speaker 1: You know, in our caucuses in Minnesota, Mr Trump finished third, 627 00:35:08,719 --> 00:35:12,359 Speaker 1: Marco Rubio one, Ted Cruz finished second, and Trump finished third. 628 00:35:12,400 --> 00:35:15,560 Speaker 1: In Minnesota was one of the states that petitioned for 629 00:35:15,640 --> 00:35:18,319 Speaker 1: an opening of the rules, this time to allow people 630 00:35:18,360 --> 00:35:20,840 Speaker 1: to vote their conscience. I think, you know, across a 631 00:35:20,880 --> 00:35:24,040 Speaker 1: lot of the there's an argument that Trump has an 632 00:35:24,080 --> 00:35:27,239 Speaker 1: appeal across the Midwest in places that we refer to 633 00:35:27,680 --> 00:35:32,200 Speaker 1: unfortunately derogatorially as the rest Belt, by angry people who 634 00:35:32,280 --> 00:35:35,200 Speaker 1: have been displaced by manufacturing jobs. Okay, I get, I 635 00:35:35,239 --> 00:35:37,279 Speaker 1: get that. There is a certain truth to that. There's 636 00:35:37,320 --> 00:35:41,360 Speaker 1: also a certain civility to politics across the Midwest. We 637 00:35:41,400 --> 00:35:46,160 Speaker 1: don't like people that engage in insult and denigration of 638 00:35:46,200 --> 00:35:49,319 Speaker 1: their opponents. Uh. And I think that you know that 639 00:35:49,440 --> 00:35:51,239 Speaker 1: it cuts both ways for him. I think he's gonna 640 00:35:51,280 --> 00:35:52,759 Speaker 1: have at a very tough time in my part of 641 00:35:52,760 --> 00:35:54,520 Speaker 1: the country. I don't think he can carry Minnesota. I 642 00:35:54,560 --> 00:35:57,879 Speaker 1: don't think he can carry Wisconsin. But you know, he's 643 00:35:57,920 --> 00:36:01,920 Speaker 1: got a peal in some ways. Regardless of what happens, 644 00:36:02,080 --> 00:36:05,719 Speaker 1: particularly with Donald Trump's campaign, the Republican Party in general 645 00:36:06,280 --> 00:36:09,239 Speaker 1: will not look the same after this. Do you think 646 00:36:09,280 --> 00:36:12,960 Speaker 1: that this will be the beginning of a split that 647 00:36:13,040 --> 00:36:16,360 Speaker 1: will result in two different parties. Well, you've raised a 648 00:36:16,680 --> 00:36:19,839 Speaker 1: very very important and big issue. Lease. I I don't 649 00:36:19,840 --> 00:36:21,680 Speaker 1: know if we actually split into two parties or not. 650 00:36:21,760 --> 00:36:25,360 Speaker 1: But once we get past the arguments about Donald Trump's 651 00:36:25,400 --> 00:36:29,560 Speaker 1: personality and the civility of his remarks and questions about 652 00:36:29,920 --> 00:36:32,319 Speaker 1: you know, racial demigration and all those things that matter 653 00:36:32,440 --> 00:36:36,319 Speaker 1: but that are quite unique to Donald Trump, Uh, you're 654 00:36:36,400 --> 00:36:39,279 Speaker 1: left with some big issue differences that he's brought into 655 00:36:39,320 --> 00:36:41,279 Speaker 1: the Repelican Party. We used to be the party of 656 00:36:41,520 --> 00:36:45,000 Speaker 1: liberal trade, free trade. Now he's running on a more 657 00:36:45,080 --> 00:36:49,440 Speaker 1: protectionist platform than the Democrats are likely to run on uh. 658 00:36:50,280 --> 00:36:54,120 Speaker 1: We used to be the party of liberal immigration policies, 659 00:36:54,200 --> 00:36:56,480 Speaker 1: or at least sensible immigration policies. Now we're going to 660 00:36:56,520 --> 00:37:00,520 Speaker 1: build walls and deport people. His approach to foreign policy, 661 00:37:00,719 --> 00:37:03,759 Speaker 1: which was highlighted just this week in the interview that 662 00:37:03,760 --> 00:37:05,840 Speaker 1: he gave to The New York Times where he questioned 663 00:37:05,840 --> 00:37:08,799 Speaker 1: whether or not we would actually honor our NATO commitments 664 00:37:09,239 --> 00:37:11,880 Speaker 1: if the Russians moved, shall we say in the Baltics? 665 00:37:11,920 --> 00:37:14,040 Speaker 1: I mean, this is a this, this this in the 666 00:37:14,080 --> 00:37:17,840 Speaker 1: party that has prided itself, at least since McGovern's candidacy 667 00:37:17,840 --> 00:37:21,160 Speaker 1: in seventy two, as being the party of strong international leadership. 668 00:37:21,400 --> 00:37:23,279 Speaker 1: Those are all big issues and they're not going to 669 00:37:23,400 --> 00:37:27,000 Speaker 1: go away after this election. And I can't. There's a 670 00:37:27,000 --> 00:37:29,640 Speaker 1: big segment of the Republican Party that is not going 671 00:37:29,760 --> 00:37:34,720 Speaker 1: to follow him or anybody else down that path of protectionism, 672 00:37:34,880 --> 00:37:38,880 Speaker 1: native nativism, and potentially isolationism. I understand that his people 673 00:37:38,920 --> 00:37:42,600 Speaker 1: reject those labels, but I'm sorry. You know, I've been 674 00:37:42,600 --> 00:37:45,880 Speaker 1: in these debates a long time. That's the kind of 675 00:37:45,920 --> 00:37:49,560 Speaker 1: politics that they're practicing, and it's and it's not what 676 00:37:49,760 --> 00:37:52,759 Speaker 1: my Republican Party has always stood for and there's got 677 00:37:52,800 --> 00:37:54,960 Speaker 1: to be a party that stands for the things that 678 00:37:55,080 --> 00:37:57,680 Speaker 1: we have stood for traditionally. I'd like it to become 679 00:37:57,719 --> 00:38:00,080 Speaker 1: my party again. But if if we were moving being 680 00:38:00,120 --> 00:38:03,080 Speaker 1: in a Trumpian direction, you could well see a challenge 681 00:38:03,120 --> 00:38:05,320 Speaker 1: to the two party system as it exists today. We 682 00:38:05,960 --> 00:38:08,759 Speaker 1: had people matt as hell and not going to take 683 00:38:08,760 --> 00:38:14,480 Speaker 1: it anymore in but the Parole phenomenon flamed out, the 684 00:38:14,520 --> 00:38:19,960 Speaker 1: Contract with America, which you know well, uh, the Republicans 685 00:38:20,040 --> 00:38:23,279 Speaker 1: came to power. Everybody was upset, throw the bums out, 686 00:38:23,320 --> 00:38:27,279 Speaker 1: and that anger seems to have faded. So do we 687 00:38:27,320 --> 00:38:29,960 Speaker 1: think that this may be just a Trump flash in 688 00:38:30,000 --> 00:38:32,440 Speaker 1: the pan or is there a real seat change coming. 689 00:38:34,120 --> 00:38:37,320 Speaker 1: I think you cannot overstate the degree to which the 690 00:38:37,360 --> 00:38:40,960 Speaker 1: personality of Donald Trump has contributed to this. There are 691 00:38:41,040 --> 00:38:43,640 Speaker 1: real concerns in the country, and he's obviously touched a 692 00:38:43,680 --> 00:38:47,239 Speaker 1: real cord with real voters. You can't deny that. But 693 00:38:47,440 --> 00:38:49,920 Speaker 1: there's ways in which you can appeal to the voters 694 00:38:50,040 --> 00:38:53,919 Speaker 1: and talk about their problems that are a lot less 695 00:38:53,960 --> 00:38:57,239 Speaker 1: inflammatory and a lot less divisive. And we have a 696 00:38:57,280 --> 00:39:01,040 Speaker 1: candidate here who has decided to ignore are that and 697 00:39:01,040 --> 00:39:03,400 Speaker 1: and to throw away the rules of civility and to 698 00:39:03,480 --> 00:39:07,520 Speaker 1: ignore the potential damage he's doing by dividing the country. 699 00:39:07,680 --> 00:39:10,080 Speaker 1: If you remove him from the stage, I think there's 700 00:39:10,120 --> 00:39:12,640 Speaker 1: a chance that you can deal with these issues rationally 701 00:39:12,880 --> 00:39:15,640 Speaker 1: and seriously. I mean most. I think that he's set 702 00:39:15,719 --> 00:39:17,960 Speaker 1: a message, and the voters have sent a message to 703 00:39:18,000 --> 00:39:20,640 Speaker 1: Republicans and Democrats alike that there are some problems that 704 00:39:20,640 --> 00:39:23,239 Speaker 1: aren't being dealt with. But you know, you don't need 705 00:39:23,280 --> 00:39:27,080 Speaker 1: to resort to the kind of bigotry and demagoguery that 706 00:39:27,120 --> 00:39:29,160 Speaker 1: we've seen in his campaign in order to appeal to 707 00:39:29,200 --> 00:39:32,120 Speaker 1: those voters. You know, just real quick and about thirty seconds, 708 00:39:32,160 --> 00:39:34,480 Speaker 1: what's the alternative? You said, this is not my Republican 709 00:39:34,520 --> 00:39:38,399 Speaker 1: party this election? What's the alternative? Oh boy, you've asked 710 00:39:38,400 --> 00:39:41,920 Speaker 1: the tough question for I'm gonna I'm gonna duck Plica. 711 00:39:42,080 --> 00:39:44,120 Speaker 1: And here's the way I duck. Which sides of the way. 712 00:39:44,160 --> 00:39:46,080 Speaker 1: I think a lot of Republicans are gonna dock. We've 713 00:39:46,120 --> 00:39:49,160 Speaker 1: got great United States senators running free election. We've got 714 00:39:49,239 --> 00:39:52,080 Speaker 1: really good members of Congress running free election. We've got 715 00:39:52,080 --> 00:39:54,839 Speaker 1: Paul Ryan who has put forward an agenda for Republicans, 716 00:39:54,840 --> 00:39:57,600 Speaker 1: And I'm going to focus my effort on Congressional Republicans. 717 00:39:57,719 --> 00:40:00,080 Speaker 1: All right, a great duck which shows why we it 718 00:40:00,320 --> 00:40:04,399 Speaker 1: was a politician. Thank you for joining us this morning. 719 00:40:04,520 --> 00:40:15,719 Speaker 1: Vid Webber from Mercury Partners. I feel like we should 720 00:40:15,719 --> 00:40:18,040 Speaker 1: have this next discussion in a bar. I mean, it 721 00:40:18,200 --> 00:40:21,600 Speaker 1: is five o'clock somewhere, right, Lisa. I have to preface 722 00:40:21,640 --> 00:40:23,799 Speaker 1: it by saying that when I before I got married 723 00:40:23,840 --> 00:40:27,640 Speaker 1: to my husband, he made me read Moneyball about saber 724 00:40:27,680 --> 00:40:32,080 Speaker 1: metrics to make sure that I agreed with a statistical view. 725 00:40:33,640 --> 00:40:37,160 Speaker 1: And you do because you're still happily married. Correct, Um? 726 00:40:37,239 --> 00:40:39,680 Speaker 1: And I mean but I mean, um, this is a 727 00:40:39,719 --> 00:40:42,520 Speaker 1: great book Ahead of the curve. Bye bye. Brian Kenny 728 00:40:42,960 --> 00:40:46,520 Speaker 1: Uh he uh, He's taken this to a whole new 729 00:40:46,640 --> 00:40:49,719 Speaker 1: level here. It's not just you know, using statistics, but 730 00:40:49,760 --> 00:40:53,080 Speaker 1: how you could use statistics, things you could do. He 731 00:40:53,239 --> 00:40:55,920 Speaker 1: works for Major League Baseball Network, so he obviously watches 732 00:40:55,960 --> 00:40:59,080 Speaker 1: a whole lot of games. Just the fascinating suggest The 733 00:40:59,080 --> 00:41:00,960 Speaker 1: one I want to talk to you about, Brian, that 734 00:41:01,040 --> 00:41:03,719 Speaker 1: I want to start with is the idea of what 735 00:41:03,760 --> 00:41:07,240 Speaker 1: you call bullpenning. Uh. You learned this from the Cubans. 736 00:41:07,400 --> 00:41:09,640 Speaker 1: You know, you don't have starting pittures. You just have 737 00:41:10,239 --> 00:41:13,440 Speaker 1: pictures and you run them out there until you know 738 00:41:13,520 --> 00:41:16,160 Speaker 1: they're ineffective, and you can go through a whole bunch 739 00:41:16,160 --> 00:41:18,040 Speaker 1: of pictures a game. I mean, this is why I 740 00:41:18,040 --> 00:41:20,000 Speaker 1: say it's at the bar, because this just this one 741 00:41:20,080 --> 00:41:22,799 Speaker 1: topic alone, we could spend hours on. The First thing 742 00:41:22,840 --> 00:41:25,920 Speaker 1: that struck me is, you know, I root for the 743 00:41:25,960 --> 00:41:29,160 Speaker 1: Mets who have a mediocre bullpen this year and they're 744 00:41:29,160 --> 00:41:34,440 Speaker 1: looking for help. Can you find enough pictures, uh to 745 00:41:34,440 --> 00:41:36,399 Speaker 1: to do that kind of thing? Who would be good 746 00:41:36,480 --> 00:41:40,520 Speaker 1: enough for you know, all of the major league teams? Absolutely, 747 00:41:40,680 --> 00:41:42,600 Speaker 1: I mean no question, I mean one. Yeah, we can 748 00:41:42,640 --> 00:41:46,160 Speaker 1: have this discussed it in a bar or a boardroom. 749 00:41:46,239 --> 00:41:48,879 Speaker 1: I mean, this is all about asking questions like why 750 00:41:48,920 --> 00:41:51,160 Speaker 1: do we do the things the way we do? Why 751 00:41:51,200 --> 00:41:53,400 Speaker 1: do we do it this way? And the answer to 752 00:41:53,440 --> 00:41:55,719 Speaker 1: that you probably know this through your own life. The 753 00:41:55,760 --> 00:41:57,840 Speaker 1: answer most of the time is well, because that's the 754 00:41:57,840 --> 00:42:00,280 Speaker 1: way we've always done it. The reason we have earning 755 00:42:00,320 --> 00:42:03,000 Speaker 1: pictures is because that's what we did in the nineteenth 756 00:42:03,000 --> 00:42:06,040 Speaker 1: century when only one guy would pitch the whole afternoon, 757 00:42:06,480 --> 00:42:08,759 Speaker 1: and that was what The reason why that was was 758 00:42:08,800 --> 00:42:12,360 Speaker 1: because the early part of the game was really batter 759 00:42:12,560 --> 00:42:15,880 Speaker 1: versus fielder. The picture was just there as a delivery system. 760 00:42:15,920 --> 00:42:18,280 Speaker 1: He threw the ball. You can actually ask the picture 761 00:42:18,400 --> 00:42:20,719 Speaker 1: to throw it in a certain spot and you could 762 00:42:20,760 --> 00:42:22,200 Speaker 1: hit it, and then you ran around the basis. It 763 00:42:22,280 --> 00:42:24,920 Speaker 1: was a very exciting game. That's really where all of 764 00:42:24,960 --> 00:42:27,319 Speaker 1: this comes from. We had one picture pitching all day. 765 00:42:27,520 --> 00:42:29,880 Speaker 1: Now we obviously don't do that now, But why do 766 00:42:29,920 --> 00:42:32,279 Speaker 1: we still have the nineteenth century model of one guy 767 00:42:32,320 --> 00:42:35,560 Speaker 1: going out there for six innings until he's exhausted or 768 00:42:35,640 --> 00:42:37,759 Speaker 1: gives up a bunch of runs, and then we go 769 00:42:37,960 --> 00:42:41,800 Speaker 1: save him no start from the very start, just throwing 770 00:42:41,840 --> 00:42:43,840 Speaker 1: two winnings a shot, maybe one inning a shot, like 771 00:42:43,840 --> 00:42:46,160 Speaker 1: the way you've see in an All Star game. And specifically, 772 00:42:46,239 --> 00:42:49,040 Speaker 1: to answer your question, the average major league team now 773 00:42:49,239 --> 00:42:54,320 Speaker 1: uses twenty three pitchers per season. There's plenty of pictures 774 00:42:54,480 --> 00:42:56,600 Speaker 1: to absorb intings if you just do the simple map, 775 00:42:56,920 --> 00:42:58,799 Speaker 1: each pitcher could and that we're not going to give 776 00:42:58,880 --> 00:43:01,560 Speaker 1: all those lesser pictures the equal amount of innings, of course, 777 00:43:01,840 --> 00:43:04,960 Speaker 1: but you could average about ninety innings a shot. So 778 00:43:05,040 --> 00:43:07,000 Speaker 1: now we have guys throwing two hundred innings and guys 779 00:43:07,000 --> 00:43:09,760 Speaker 1: throwing sixty innings. What's wrong with somewhere in the middle. 780 00:43:10,080 --> 00:43:13,719 Speaker 1: That's a better usage of pitching and a much better strategy, 781 00:43:13,880 --> 00:43:16,920 Speaker 1: and you will prevent many more runs. Is the argument 782 00:43:17,000 --> 00:43:20,439 Speaker 1: here that, uh, that pictures will get hurt less, they'll 783 00:43:20,440 --> 00:43:25,319 Speaker 1: be fewer injuries. Uh, and they'll also basically a really 784 00:43:25,320 --> 00:43:28,680 Speaker 1: good picture, a better picture than another after two innings 785 00:43:28,760 --> 00:43:31,279 Speaker 1: is just as bad as the other one. Is that 786 00:43:31,320 --> 00:43:34,719 Speaker 1: the idea, well, it's it's it's really even simpler than that. 787 00:43:34,760 --> 00:43:37,000 Speaker 1: I mean, you could definitely get more complicated, and of 788 00:43:37,040 --> 00:43:39,440 Speaker 1: course you would try to tailor this to your personnel. 789 00:43:39,880 --> 00:43:42,640 Speaker 1: I use a track analogy in that some people are 790 00:43:42,719 --> 00:43:45,480 Speaker 1: very good marathoners they're just built that way. And some 791 00:43:45,560 --> 00:43:48,840 Speaker 1: people are good sprinters, they're built that way. In baseball, 792 00:43:48,880 --> 00:43:51,759 Speaker 1: we have milers and sprinters. We don't use anybody for 793 00:43:51,800 --> 00:43:55,080 Speaker 1: like a four anymore. We used to in the fifties, 794 00:43:55,160 --> 00:43:58,239 Speaker 1: sixties and seventies we had our relief pictures going d 795 00:43:58,400 --> 00:44:01,160 Speaker 1: and twenty innings. Some did a hundred and forty innings. 796 00:44:01,160 --> 00:44:03,360 Speaker 1: That's a bit much to go full throttle. But the 797 00:44:03,400 --> 00:44:05,919 Speaker 1: basic way to think about it is that you are 798 00:44:06,280 --> 00:44:09,680 Speaker 1: faster when you sprint than when you jog. So why 799 00:44:09,719 --> 00:44:11,799 Speaker 1: have someone saying why have someone out there at all 800 00:44:11,840 --> 00:44:15,160 Speaker 1: thinking I'm going to pitch the whole afternoon. No you're not. Blast, 801 00:44:15,400 --> 00:44:18,120 Speaker 1: put your foot down on the accelerator, give us four 802 00:44:18,200 --> 00:44:19,880 Speaker 1: outs and you're out, and we give it to the 803 00:44:19,920 --> 00:44:23,440 Speaker 1: next guy. We seem to be sort of moving in 804 00:44:23,480 --> 00:44:26,279 Speaker 1: that direction, and Kansas City sort of pitches like that 805 00:44:26,360 --> 00:44:29,200 Speaker 1: to a certain extent. And the Yankees now with the 806 00:44:29,400 --> 00:44:32,480 Speaker 1: three relief pitchers they have, I mean, they don't care 807 00:44:32,480 --> 00:44:35,200 Speaker 1: if their starter doesn't go beyond five. Well, you see, 808 00:44:35,200 --> 00:44:39,040 Speaker 1: that's a fascinating point. We are, we're moving inexorably toward it. 809 00:44:39,320 --> 00:44:41,200 Speaker 1: But this is the history of baseball, and again this 810 00:44:41,320 --> 00:44:45,000 Speaker 1: transcends baseball. We're moving there, it's going there, it's going 811 00:44:45,040 --> 00:44:48,400 Speaker 1: to get there. So my question is why doesn't someone 812 00:44:48,520 --> 00:44:51,440 Speaker 1: just do it? And the reason someone just doesn't do 813 00:44:51,520 --> 00:44:54,480 Speaker 1: it is because that's not what the herd is doing. 814 00:44:54,719 --> 00:44:58,160 Speaker 1: We have a herd mentality. We're strongly influenced by those 815 00:44:58,200 --> 00:45:00,480 Speaker 1: around us, our culture, and again, the is more than 816 00:45:00,520 --> 00:45:03,399 Speaker 1: just baseball. You can, you know, think about these things 817 00:45:03,400 --> 00:45:06,000 Speaker 1: when you're talking to your next guest about business or 818 00:45:06,040 --> 00:45:09,560 Speaker 1: anything else. You're talking to a CEO. The herd mentality 819 00:45:09,600 --> 00:45:12,080 Speaker 1: is powerful. We only do what we think will be 820 00:45:12,120 --> 00:45:15,160 Speaker 1: accepted by our peers, which to me is fascinating in baseball, 821 00:45:15,480 --> 00:45:18,280 Speaker 1: or you could extend it to business because you're competing. 822 00:45:18,760 --> 00:45:20,960 Speaker 1: You're competing with these people. Why are you playing ball 823 00:45:21,160 --> 00:45:25,520 Speaker 1: with them? Certain you should be beating them, but to 824 00:45:25,600 --> 00:45:28,880 Speaker 1: play Devil's advocate. I mean, baseball goes to the heart 825 00:45:29,000 --> 00:45:32,720 Speaker 1: of Americana and of culture. And you know, part of 826 00:45:32,800 --> 00:45:36,120 Speaker 1: the culture of baseball is the idea of a picture 827 00:45:36,200 --> 00:45:39,040 Speaker 1: having a no hitter, or you know, the celebrity picture 828 00:45:39,160 --> 00:45:42,680 Speaker 1: that everyone just goes to a game to watch Matt 829 00:45:42,719 --> 00:45:45,280 Speaker 1: Harvey at his peak, you know, all the classic pictures. 830 00:45:45,800 --> 00:45:53,320 Speaker 1: Doesn't your method take away from that magic? Yes? Like that, Frank, 831 00:45:53,520 --> 00:45:57,480 Speaker 1: I'm admitting it to you. It's not as fun. And 832 00:45:57,600 --> 00:46:00,200 Speaker 1: I like to going to the ballpark and knowing, oh, 833 00:46:00,320 --> 00:46:02,920 Speaker 1: it's gonna be you know who you have Matt Harvey 834 00:46:03,120 --> 00:46:06,359 Speaker 1: versus uh, you know, Madison bum Gardner. Hey, it's gonna 835 00:46:06,360 --> 00:46:09,279 Speaker 1: be ay. Tim lindscom is pitching today. That's exciting. Yeah, 836 00:46:09,480 --> 00:46:12,319 Speaker 1: you do lose something like that. I know people and 837 00:46:12,360 --> 00:46:15,439 Speaker 1: I've talked to you know, historians and people who really 838 00:46:15,480 --> 00:46:18,520 Speaker 1: know baseball, and they say, yeah, you know, Brian, you're 839 00:46:18,640 --> 00:46:21,520 Speaker 1: right but I don't like it, so, yes, you're right, 840 00:46:21,840 --> 00:46:24,319 Speaker 1: wouldn't wouldn't it be fun? I'm just thinking about this 841 00:46:24,760 --> 00:46:28,280 Speaker 1: that you throw our oldest chapman in one inning, followed 842 00:46:28,280 --> 00:46:33,919 Speaker 1: by Stephen Wright. Right, already, already you're thinking more than 843 00:46:33,960 --> 00:46:36,799 Speaker 1: they are about it. You're right, you change angles, you 844 00:46:36,920 --> 00:46:39,319 Speaker 1: change now, that's fascinating You've got from people don't know. 845 00:46:39,360 --> 00:46:40,920 Speaker 1: You go from a guy who's throwing a hundred and 846 00:46:40,920 --> 00:46:44,520 Speaker 1: five to a knuckleballer. You'd be screwed up for a while, 847 00:46:44,640 --> 00:46:46,640 Speaker 1: and then you're bringing the next guy throwing side arm. 848 00:46:47,000 --> 00:46:49,120 Speaker 1: Of course that you're thinking, we gotta start a team. 849 00:46:51,600 --> 00:46:54,000 Speaker 1: In the very beginning of your book, you had a 850 00:46:54,040 --> 00:46:56,840 Speaker 1: line to adopt new methods is not just a stray 851 00:46:56,880 --> 00:46:59,440 Speaker 1: from the pack, but to mock the herd itself. And 852 00:46:59,480 --> 00:47:04,880 Speaker 1: of course the reaction to being marked isn't always that positive. 853 00:47:04,960 --> 00:47:10,600 Speaker 1: What have what have? Some of the response has been, well, um, well, 854 00:47:10,840 --> 00:47:13,160 Speaker 1: people just agree basically. And I think as I go 855 00:47:13,239 --> 00:47:17,360 Speaker 1: into leban this is a baseball presents a fascinating study 856 00:47:17,360 --> 00:47:20,759 Speaker 1: of human behavior. And I did extra reading on this. 857 00:47:20,840 --> 00:47:23,239 Speaker 1: I have one chapter in there on a guy who 858 00:47:23,280 --> 00:47:26,000 Speaker 1: works for the Houston Astros who was a He worked 859 00:47:26,000 --> 00:47:29,560 Speaker 1: for NASA before this, and he's has several doctorates and 860 00:47:29,680 --> 00:47:33,160 Speaker 1: degrees in human behavior. His name is sigmayd All and 861 00:47:33,239 --> 00:47:36,640 Speaker 1: he's the director of Decision Sciences now that he was 862 00:47:36,680 --> 00:47:39,200 Speaker 1: the first of its kind in baseball, clearly, and it 863 00:47:39,280 --> 00:47:41,319 Speaker 1: was done like WHOA right in your face? What we 864 00:47:41,360 --> 00:47:44,640 Speaker 1: have a director of decision sciences and in baseball that 865 00:47:44,760 --> 00:47:48,600 Speaker 1: was unheard of. But when you study why we make decisions, 866 00:47:48,640 --> 00:47:52,520 Speaker 1: you realize how many blind spots we really have. And 867 00:47:52,560 --> 00:47:54,759 Speaker 1: I think people that just stand back for a moment 868 00:47:54,800 --> 00:47:57,839 Speaker 1: and just think about how am I making decisions? Why 869 00:47:57,840 --> 00:48:01,560 Speaker 1: do I make my decisions? And am just afraid of 870 00:48:01,560 --> 00:48:05,280 Speaker 1: what other people will think? Or am I afraid of failure? Because, 871 00:48:05,440 --> 00:48:08,359 Speaker 1: as I point out in the book, if you fail conventionally, 872 00:48:08,600 --> 00:48:12,759 Speaker 1: you're fine. If you fail unconventionally, you're you know, a 873 00:48:12,800 --> 00:48:15,879 Speaker 1: smart alec. You're trying to get by and on your 874 00:48:15,920 --> 00:48:18,160 Speaker 1: wits and you've made everybody else or you tried to 875 00:48:18,200 --> 00:48:21,880 Speaker 1: make everybody else look bad, and there are real repercussions 876 00:48:21,920 --> 00:48:25,400 Speaker 1: for that. All right, well, we're we we don't have 877 00:48:25,440 --> 00:48:27,239 Speaker 1: any more time, unfortunately, so we're gonna have to have 878 00:48:27,280 --> 00:48:30,200 Speaker 1: you back because the subject is so deep and so complex, 879 00:48:30,200 --> 00:48:31,680 Speaker 1: and if we're going to start a team, I suppose 880 00:48:31,719 --> 00:48:35,520 Speaker 1: Tom's gonna want some sort of input into you know, 881 00:48:35,600 --> 00:48:38,279 Speaker 1: who's who's on the roster. Too many red Sox for 882 00:48:38,360 --> 00:48:40,880 Speaker 1: my taste, but you know, Brian Kenny, thanks for joining us. 883 00:48:40,880 --> 00:48:43,280 Speaker 1: The book is Ahead of the Curve, inside the Baseball Revolution. 884 00:48:43,320 --> 00:48:47,719 Speaker 1: And when he says revolution, Lisa, he means revolution. And 885 00:48:47,880 --> 00:48:49,719 Speaker 1: maybe a lot of people aren't protesting him now, but 886 00:48:49,880 --> 00:48:53,320 Speaker 1: certainly when Savior Metrics was beginning, Uh, it inspired a 887 00:48:53,360 --> 00:48:57,040 Speaker 1: lot of animosity across the baseball universe. All right, I'm 888 00:48:57,040 --> 00:49:00,839 Speaker 1: waiting for I still want Chapman by right. I think 889 00:49:00,840 --> 00:49:04,439 Speaker 1: that would be the most hilarious thing anybody could ever see. 890 00:49:04,440 --> 00:49:06,560 Speaker 1: Thank you for being with us today and filling in 891 00:49:06,600 --> 00:49:10,080 Speaker 1: for Tom and uh not talking a lot of math 892 00:49:10,719 --> 00:49:13,880 Speaker 1: and understanding baseball and all the good things that you 893 00:49:14,000 --> 00:49:18,360 Speaker 1: brought to the show today. Thanks for listening to the 894 00:49:18,360 --> 00:49:24,440 Speaker 1: Bloomberg Surveillance Podcast. Subscribe and listen to interviews on iTunes, SoundCloud, 895 00:49:24,760 --> 00:49:28,759 Speaker 1: or whichever podcast platform you prefer. I'm on Twitter at 896 00:49:28,760 --> 00:49:33,560 Speaker 1: Tom Keane, Michael McKee is at Economy Before the podcast, 897 00:49:33,640 --> 00:49:37,160 Speaker 1: you can always catch us worldwide. I'm Bloomberg Radio