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Speaker 1: Welcome to Aaron Menkey's Cabinet of Curiosities, a production of

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Speaker 1: I Heart Radio and Grim and Mild. Our world is

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Speaker 1: full of the unexplainable, and if history is an open book,

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Speaker 1: all of these amazing tales are right there on display,

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Speaker 1: just waiting for us to explore. Welcome to the Cabinet

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Speaker 1: of Curiosities. Giuseppe was a fisherman, and when he came

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Speaker 1: to the United States just before nineteen d he wasn't

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Speaker 1: dreaming of anything else except maybe some children to inherit

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Speaker 1: his work, ethic, his courage, and what he knew about

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Speaker 1: the world. In short, his legacy. That would be a challenge, though,

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Speaker 1: because Giuseppe had left his own roots behind. You see,

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Speaker 1: Giuseppe and his wife rosal Lee got married just a

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Speaker 1: year before leaving their home town on the coast of Sicily.

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Speaker 1: It was a place where fishing was a way of life.

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Speaker 1: Ancient cisterns for fermenting fish still tell the story of

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Speaker 1: just how long people have been passing down that livelihood,

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Speaker 1: and in some ways Giuseppe was holding onto that history.

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Speaker 1: He was destined to spend his life working hard as

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Speaker 1: a fisherman, but he saw a future for himself, his wife,

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Speaker 1: and his trade as he raised his fortunes catch by

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Speaker 1: catch in a new land. At the turn of the

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Speaker 1: twentieth century, there was a string of travelers leaving their

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Speaker 1: town and heading to a new home a small village

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Speaker 1: twenty five miles north of San Francisco called Martinez, California,

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Speaker 1: and they weren't alone. Between eighteen ninety and nineteen, more

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Speaker 1: than half of their Sicilian town immigrated to the United States.

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Speaker 1: Most landed in New York City. But the hustle and

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Speaker 1: bustle wasn't their goal, and they set their sights on

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Speaker 1: sunny summer coasts of the Pacific. Giseppe heard about how

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Speaker 1: good the fishing there was without batting an eye. His

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Speaker 1: young family was on a train across the continent, headed

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Speaker 1: for California, but it wasn't new seas they owned. Instead,

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Speaker 1: Sicilian fishermen like Giuseppe were mostly working the Sacramento River

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Speaker 1: netting salmon. The catch was good, but it was hard work,

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Speaker 1: and that was fine with Giuseppe. Hard work was what

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Speaker 1: he knew best. Like so many Americans, Giuseppe and Rosalie

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Speaker 1: traveled with their newborn daughter, the first of a streak

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Speaker 1: of nine children who would be raised together. And if

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Speaker 1: Giuseppe was hoping for sons, he wouldn't be disappointed. He

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Speaker 1: and his wife would raise five, practically a fleet of fishermen.

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Speaker 1: So he got to work teaching what he knew to

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Speaker 1: Thomas Michael, Vincent's, Joseph, and Dominic. As the Sicilian fishing

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Speaker 1: family grew, they went looking for new waters. They went

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Speaker 1: south to the wharfs of the bigger city, San Francisco,

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Speaker 1: and they left salmon behind for other kinds of commercial fish,

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Speaker 1: like sardines that could be packed and sold through city canaries.

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Speaker 1: After all, Sicilian fishermen had developed tools that were uniquely

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Speaker 1: effective at catching small fish, like the lampara net that

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Speaker 1: swings open wide like a glove to catch whole schools

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Speaker 1: of fish at once. It was just the kind of

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Speaker 1: technique that made new American businesses work. And when I

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Speaker 1: say work, I mean it. The work was harder than ever.

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Speaker 1: And Giuseppe's last three sons, Vincent, Joseph, and Dominic, well,

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Speaker 1: they weren't so keen on taking up their father's legacy.

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Speaker 1: They had prospects though, Because they were in a booming city.

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Speaker 1: The two youngest boys got jobs as paper boys, they're older.

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Speaker 1: Sister Marie remembers once when she went downtown she saw

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Speaker 1: them on their paper routes, but not exactly on them.

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Speaker 1: They weren't diligently running along to deliver the papers. Instead,

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Speaker 1: they had taken one of the newspapers, crumpled it into

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Speaker 1: a melon sized ball, and started a game of catch,

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Speaker 1: throwing it back and forth across a wide, busy San

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Speaker 1: Francisco street. Not only were they not fishing, they weren't

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Speaker 1: even working. And things got worse when their brother, Vince,

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Speaker 1: took a left turn into an American pastime that his

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Speaker 1: father didn't value at all. He abandoned fishing for baseball.

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Speaker 1: In fact, Vince was good enough that he got pulled

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Speaker 1: into the local team, the San Francisco Seals, and his

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Speaker 1: younger brothers, well, they followed in his path instead of

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Speaker 1: their fathers. But Vince didn't last all that long. He

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Speaker 1: was more of a charmer than a slugger. It wasn't

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Speaker 1: all that bad. He did make it into the major leagues,

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Speaker 1: but then he said the kind of record that most

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Speaker 1: people don't want for their legacy, the most strikeouts in

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Speaker 1: one year. Fortunately for Vince, many more players would go

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Speaker 1: on to break that record in the coming years, but

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Speaker 1: Giuseppe could only shake his head when his son couldn't

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Speaker 1: even succeed at the game he chose over the trade

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Speaker 1: he rejected. Things didn't go that way for Dominic, though,

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Speaker 1: With his round glasses and short stature, he became known

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Speaker 1: as the Little Professor, and he found his success in

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Speaker 1: a college town Boston. Playing center field for the Red Sox,

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Speaker 1: he smashed down records of his own. In ninety nine,

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Speaker 1: he had a hitting streak of thirty four games. Today

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Speaker 1: in that record remains unbroken, and it wasn't the only

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Speaker 1: sports legacy that Dominic left in Boston, because he turned

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Speaker 1: his stardom into a major hall when he helped found

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Speaker 1: a new England team for a different sport, the Boston Patriots.

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Speaker 1: Vince and Dominic succeeded, and along the way they played

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Speaker 1: their part in building new American pastimes that could be

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Speaker 1: shared by American families and passed down from one generation

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Speaker 1: to another. They offered their fellow Americans a different kind

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Speaker 1: of catch from their father's sardines, But in their father's eyes,

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Speaker 1: both were overshadowed by their middle brother, Joseph, because what

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Speaker 1: he had achieved in baseball outshone them all. In fact,

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Speaker 1: he outshone everyone, not just in their family, but in

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Speaker 1: the history of the sport. Joseph even broke his little

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Speaker 1: brother's record with his own unequaled hitting streak, going fifty

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Speaker 1: six games in. Joseph's success put his parents in comfort

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Speaker 1: for the rest of their lives, and it put the

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Speaker 1: Sicilian family name in the history books to be passed

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Speaker 1: down from one generation of baseball fans to the next,

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Speaker 1: and Joe's family name DiMaggio. The origin of the city's

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Speaker 1: name is unknown. It's even unclear who the first settlers

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Speaker 1: in the area were, but needless to say, it's old

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Speaker 1: nestled alongside a river that empties into the nearby sea.

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Speaker 1: The town became a thriving commercial epicenter, surviving even when

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Speaker 1: larger and more powerful cities fell to ruins. Merchants everywhere

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Speaker 1: came through the port for trade or to supply their

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Speaker 1: ships for more distant travels. The fertile surrounding lands and

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Speaker 1: markets brought in ships and travelers from all over the world.

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Speaker 1: With so much to offer, it became one of the

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Speaker 1: most powerful maritime republics of its day. But with all

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Speaker 1: that power and strategic location came the need to defend

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Speaker 1: themselves against those looking to take it. The list of

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Speaker 1: leaders and countries who sought to control the port appeared

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Speaker 1: to be endless. It seemed that no sooner had they

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Speaker 1: fought off one attack, that they had to fight off another.

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Speaker 1: Now it may have been that they had fierce soldiers,

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Speaker 1: or that they had a mind with another nearby and

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Speaker 1: very powerful city, but one thing is certain. They had

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Speaker 1: a formidable fleet and widely used naval rams, an underwater

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Speaker 1: extension of a ship's bow resembling a beak covered with metal.

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Speaker 1: As you might imagine, these rams were quite effective at

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Speaker 1: punching holes in enemy ships. Aside from the threat from

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Speaker 1: invaders looking to take their land, the ports also faced

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Speaker 1: another enemy, pirates. Over time, the pirates from a particular

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Speaker 1: country became so prolific that already sizeable fleet they had

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Speaker 1: had to be expanded, and with the growing number of

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Speaker 1: men brought in for the ships, the city grew as well.

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Speaker 1: Eventually the fleet had grown to the point where they

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Speaker 1: offered their services to their neighbors. On one occasion, they

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Speaker 1: helped defeat a large navy. On another they came to

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Speaker 1: the aid of a great nobleman conquering a fleet of pirates.

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Speaker 1: The gold they earned for those services had been enormous,

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Speaker 1: and the city used it to fund elaborate construction projects.

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Speaker 1: One of those buildings was a church. You see, rivalry

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Speaker 1: between cities prompted each to build more extravagant structures than

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Speaker 1: their neighbors, and places of worship became the pinnacle by

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Speaker 1: which each city was measured. Construction of an elaborate cathedral

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Speaker 1: began just outside the city walls as a demonstration that

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Speaker 1: they were not afraid of any future attacks. The site

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Speaker 1: had originally housed a smaller church, but it had never

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Speaker 1: been finished. Over the next couple of centuries, the new

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Speaker 1: cathedral was expanded. Restorations began after a fire sometime later.

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Speaker 1: But through all of this the cathedral lacked one thing,

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Speaker 1: a bell tower. The trouble was it couldn't afford it,

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Speaker 1: because while the city still flourished, the money from that

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Speaker 1: long ago pirate battle had been spent. Funding came from

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Speaker 1: a different source. A wealthy widow gave money toward the project, and,

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Speaker 1: in typical competitive fashion, plans for the tallest bell tower

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Speaker 1: in existence began. But as construction started, there were already problems.

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Speaker 1: Despite the best architects, the tower was far from perfect.

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Speaker 1: The city had other issues to deal with. Two a

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Speaker 1: century of battles delayed finishing the tower, and then there

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Speaker 1: was also the matter of the city shoreline, which had

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Speaker 1: moved farther away due to silt deposits. But the builders

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Speaker 1: were persistent and finally completed the project, albeit two hundred

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Speaker 1: years later. The tower, made of white marble, stands on

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Speaker 1: five feet tall inside our eight stories and seven bells,

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Speaker 1: one for each note on the musical scale. But the

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Speaker 1: tower isn't the only breathtaking feature of the city. There

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Speaker 1: are over twenty other historic structures, including bridges, churches, and

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Speaker 1: yes more towers, all funded from those earlier maritime battles.

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Speaker 1: There's a square where knights were once headquartered, and the

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Speaker 1: city became a hub for education too. In fact, Galileo

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Speaker 1: was once a professor of mathematics at the local university,

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Speaker 1: one of the oldest around. But this day it's the

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Speaker 1: main cathedral and bell tower that this Tuscan city is

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Speaker 1: known for. The City of Pisa. Oh and one more thing,

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Speaker 1: there are actually three bell towers in Pisa, not one,

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Speaker 1: and the other two have something extraordinary and common with

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Speaker 1: their more famous sibling, both of them also lean. I

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Speaker 1: hope you've enjoyed today's guided tour of the Cabinet of Curiosities.

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Speaker 1: Subscribe for free on Apple Podcasts, or learn more about

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Speaker 1: the show by visiting Curiosities podcast dot com. The show

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Speaker 1: was created by me Aaron Mankey in partnership with how

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Speaker 1: Stuff Works. I make another award winning show called Lore,

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Speaker 1: which is a podcast, book series, and television show, and

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Speaker 1: you can learn all about it over at the World

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Speaker 1: of Lore dot com. And until next time, stay curious. Yeah,