1 00:00:02,440 --> 00:00:06,800 Speaker 1: Bloomberg Audio Studios, Podcasts, radio News. 2 00:00:12,000 --> 00:00:15,600 Speaker 2: This is the Bloomberg Surveillance Podcast. I'm Tom Keene along 3 00:00:15,600 --> 00:00:19,000 Speaker 2: with Paul Sweeney. Join us each day for insight from 4 00:00:19,000 --> 00:00:23,159 Speaker 2: the best in economics, finance, investment, and international relations. You 5 00:00:23,200 --> 00:00:25,840 Speaker 2: can also watch the show live on YouTube. 6 00:00:26,160 --> 00:00:27,640 Speaker 3: Visit the Bloomberg. 7 00:00:27,200 --> 00:00:31,760 Speaker 2: Podcast channel on YouTube to see the show weekday mornings 8 00:00:31,760 --> 00:00:35,040 Speaker 2: from seven to ten am Eastern from our global headquarters 9 00:00:35,159 --> 00:00:39,040 Speaker 2: in New York City. Subscribe to the podcast on Apple, Spotify, 10 00:00:39,400 --> 00:00:42,920 Speaker 2: or anywhere else you listen and always I'm Bloomberg Radio, 11 00:00:43,120 --> 00:00:47,080 Speaker 2: the Bloomberg Terminal, and the Bloomberg Business App. And what 12 00:00:47,120 --> 00:00:50,600 Speaker 2: we see now with so much of inflation as it 13 00:00:50,680 --> 00:00:55,480 Speaker 2: comes in decidedly in a disinflationary mode, You're going to 14 00:00:55,520 --> 00:00:57,840 Speaker 2: see a huge move I would predict in the market 15 00:00:57,840 --> 00:01:01,200 Speaker 2: equities lift. Here, I'm looking at the ten year real 16 00:01:01,280 --> 00:01:03,680 Speaker 2: yield Claudia. Some would want me to do it. It 17 00:01:03,760 --> 00:01:07,399 Speaker 2: plunges out of the recent range and moves from one 18 00:01:07,400 --> 00:01:10,800 Speaker 2: point nine to nine down to a stunning one point 19 00:01:10,880 --> 00:01:14,880 Speaker 2: nine zero, a full time basis point move. Paul, go 20 00:01:15,000 --> 00:01:17,560 Speaker 2: through the list of the inflation You do it better. 21 00:01:17,360 --> 00:01:20,119 Speaker 4: Than me, CPI Tom just right off the headline is 22 00:01:20,280 --> 00:01:22,640 Speaker 4: there's a negative symbol. There's a negative symb let's call 23 00:01:22,640 --> 00:01:24,960 Speaker 4: that out zero point one percent. Tom. The consensus was 24 00:01:25,000 --> 00:01:28,720 Speaker 4: a positive zero point one percent, So it's lower than 25 00:01:28,760 --> 00:01:30,959 Speaker 4: the consensus. It's lower than the last month. That gets 26 00:01:30,959 --> 00:01:34,560 Speaker 4: your attention. X Food and Energy zero point one percent 27 00:01:34,880 --> 00:01:37,399 Speaker 4: versus the consensus of zero point two percent. So you 28 00:01:37,440 --> 00:01:40,480 Speaker 4: put that all in for the annualized number, Tom, CPI 29 00:01:40,720 --> 00:01:43,160 Speaker 4: X Food and Energy year on year came into three 30 00:01:43,200 --> 00:01:45,680 Speaker 4: point three percent to consensus was three point four percent, 31 00:01:45,720 --> 00:01:47,800 Speaker 4: and that was what it was last month. So a 32 00:01:48,160 --> 00:01:50,559 Speaker 4: slower inflationary environment is what we're seeing here, Tom. 33 00:01:50,680 --> 00:01:54,080 Speaker 2: Average wages pretty much level as well, maybe a little 34 00:01:54,120 --> 00:01:56,080 Speaker 2: bit of an improvement in weekly earnings. 35 00:01:56,280 --> 00:01:59,000 Speaker 3: And I would finally state the claims. 36 00:01:58,840 --> 00:02:03,320 Speaker 2: Reversed from the recent trend to a this is this 37 00:02:03,360 --> 00:02:06,960 Speaker 2: is Claudia is going to be really impressive, worser claims. 38 00:02:07,240 --> 00:02:07,880 Speaker 3: How about that. 39 00:02:08,040 --> 00:02:10,919 Speaker 2: It's a better claims statistic, But it's just one data 40 00:02:10,960 --> 00:02:15,760 Speaker 2: point on this market moving CPI report futures up eight 41 00:02:15,960 --> 00:02:18,919 Speaker 2: NASTAC up two tenths of a percent, a ten year 42 00:02:19,160 --> 00:02:22,760 Speaker 2: real yield craters from a one ninety nine to one 43 00:02:22,800 --> 00:02:24,000 Speaker 2: point nine one percent. 44 00:02:24,560 --> 00:02:26,799 Speaker 3: We went with claudia, some claudia. 45 00:02:26,840 --> 00:02:30,760 Speaker 2: There's a negative sign on CPI month over month, what 46 00:02:30,800 --> 00:02:31,680 Speaker 2: does that signal? 47 00:02:31,840 --> 00:02:32,280 Speaker 5: It's good? 48 00:02:33,000 --> 00:02:36,040 Speaker 1: I mean, this is the what's so important about getting 49 00:02:36,360 --> 00:02:39,600 Speaker 1: these kind of numbers at this point is it goes back. 50 00:02:39,680 --> 00:02:41,640 Speaker 1: It tells us what we saw the second half of 51 00:02:41,720 --> 00:02:45,160 Speaker 1: last year, what wasn't supposed to happen, the disinflation without 52 00:02:45,160 --> 00:02:48,680 Speaker 1: the pain that was real. And it also tells us 53 00:02:48,840 --> 00:02:51,200 Speaker 1: a lot of that where we got stuck up at 54 00:02:51,200 --> 00:02:55,400 Speaker 1: the beginning of this year, that was that was not 55 00:02:55,560 --> 00:02:58,040 Speaker 1: the right signal. Right, So this is you know, we 56 00:02:58,120 --> 00:03:00,000 Speaker 1: get one more month of data, but it actually helped 57 00:03:00,120 --> 00:03:02,760 Speaker 1: to sort out the different conflicting stories that we've had 58 00:03:02,800 --> 00:03:06,320 Speaker 1: before that you know, we we are on this disinflation 59 00:03:06,440 --> 00:03:08,560 Speaker 1: path and we have been, and this is this is 60 00:03:08,720 --> 00:03:10,720 Speaker 1: very good news. It is one data point and you 61 00:03:10,800 --> 00:03:13,079 Speaker 1: don't you know, it's nice to see a negative ahead 62 00:03:13,080 --> 00:03:15,760 Speaker 1: of that number. We shouldn't get to, you. 63 00:03:15,720 --> 00:03:16,760 Speaker 6: Know, wound up about it. 64 00:03:16,760 --> 00:03:19,600 Speaker 1: But this is the disinflation story. It's here and it 65 00:03:19,639 --> 00:03:21,880 Speaker 1: has been here. We've just it's been under the hood 66 00:03:22,120 --> 00:03:22,799 Speaker 1: and been hidden. 67 00:03:23,200 --> 00:03:25,160 Speaker 4: So how do you think the FED is going to 68 00:03:25,160 --> 00:03:27,760 Speaker 4: interpret interpret this data? Claudy, Are they going to look 69 00:03:27,760 --> 00:03:30,120 Speaker 4: at it on a month basis or kind of a 70 00:03:30,320 --> 00:03:32,720 Speaker 4: maybe three months six month trailing basis. How do they 71 00:03:32,760 --> 00:03:34,560 Speaker 4: look at some of this CPI data. 72 00:03:35,200 --> 00:03:39,000 Speaker 1: We we now have three months that are good months, 73 00:03:39,320 --> 00:03:42,280 Speaker 1: right and frankly, this is is another very good month 74 00:03:42,480 --> 00:03:44,160 Speaker 1: as with last month. So again they're not going to 75 00:03:44,200 --> 00:03:47,320 Speaker 1: want to, you know, overreact to one month, but we're 76 00:03:47,320 --> 00:03:49,880 Speaker 1: getting in their three month moving average range. Of these 77 00:03:49,920 --> 00:03:52,360 Speaker 1: are good numbers. We need to keep them going. We 78 00:03:52,400 --> 00:03:55,960 Speaker 1: had a full string of disinflation the second half of 79 00:03:56,080 --> 00:03:59,360 Speaker 1: last year. The composition we're all talking about top line 80 00:03:59,400 --> 00:04:03,400 Speaker 1: numbers going on under the food is important and you know, 81 00:04:04,040 --> 00:04:06,600 Speaker 1: good news is good news here and it is a story. 82 00:04:07,320 --> 00:04:10,880 Speaker 1: It re enforces the dissemplation story, which is what we 83 00:04:11,000 --> 00:04:12,240 Speaker 1: need to get back to normal. 84 00:04:12,400 --> 00:04:15,720 Speaker 2: The market moves, Futures explode up sixteen down, futures up 85 00:04:15,760 --> 00:04:19,000 Speaker 2: seventy eight, nasdack up three tens an percent, small caps 86 00:04:19,080 --> 00:04:22,840 Speaker 2: almost up two percent, the vics a much more attractive 87 00:04:22,920 --> 00:04:26,560 Speaker 2: number twelve point three three. Bloomberg surveillance across the nation 88 00:04:26,680 --> 00:04:29,680 Speaker 2: with a stunning inflation report, and we are strong with 89 00:04:29,720 --> 00:04:33,560 Speaker 2: claudiasm of course of Michigan for years and affiliated with 90 00:04:33,600 --> 00:04:36,960 Speaker 2: the University of Chicago Boos School. The former governor of 91 00:04:37,000 --> 00:04:40,880 Speaker 2: the Federal Reserve System, Randall Krasner, joins us now the 92 00:04:40,920 --> 00:04:45,280 Speaker 2: market economist Randy Krausner. Neil Dudda of Renaissance Macro puts 93 00:04:45,320 --> 00:04:49,880 Speaker 2: out a blistering single sentence, The doves have what they need, 94 00:04:50,320 --> 00:04:53,600 Speaker 2: It is time to cut. What will the PhDs that 95 00:04:53,720 --> 00:04:57,520 Speaker 2: the ECCOS building advise Chairman Powell? 96 00:04:58,080 --> 00:05:01,000 Speaker 6: I will say that we have the foundation for a cut, 97 00:05:01,040 --> 00:05:02,919 Speaker 6: but they're not going to be ready to go yet. 98 00:05:03,720 --> 00:05:07,240 Speaker 6: So I think they're As Jay has said over and 99 00:05:07,279 --> 00:05:10,479 Speaker 6: over again, he needs more data to feel confident that 100 00:05:10,680 --> 00:05:13,680 Speaker 6: inflation is coming down in a sustained and sustainable way. 101 00:05:14,200 --> 00:05:17,360 Speaker 6: This is certainly consistent with that, and you could see 102 00:05:17,360 --> 00:05:19,599 Speaker 6: from the testimony that he gave over the last couple 103 00:05:19,600 --> 00:05:24,000 Speaker 6: of days he was talking more about the risks to 104 00:05:24,080 --> 00:05:27,760 Speaker 6: the downside, that is that the FED those rates too 105 00:05:27,839 --> 00:05:31,960 Speaker 6: long and the economy, in particularly the labor markets lows 106 00:05:32,000 --> 00:05:34,359 Speaker 6: too much. This is not enough to get them to 107 00:05:34,400 --> 00:05:36,320 Speaker 6: move at the end of this month. I don't really 108 00:05:36,360 --> 00:05:39,600 Speaker 6: think that's going to happen, but I do think it 109 00:05:39,680 --> 00:05:41,640 Speaker 6: sets the foundation for a move in September. 110 00:05:42,320 --> 00:05:45,320 Speaker 2: Tough question Randy, I'm going to ask it with your brilliance, 111 00:05:45,360 --> 00:05:49,720 Speaker 2: and particularly in financial economics, people will say the elites 112 00:05:49,800 --> 00:05:54,760 Speaker 2: are benefited by our FED policy because they are asset heavy. 113 00:05:55,279 --> 00:05:59,400 Speaker 2: Price up, yield down assets do better when you're around 114 00:05:59,480 --> 00:06:03,360 Speaker 2: the table the Echos building July thirty one or into September, 115 00:06:04,040 --> 00:06:07,760 Speaker 2: is there any discussion of the partition of America where 116 00:06:07,880 --> 00:06:11,400 Speaker 2: so many Americans need that rate cut now? 117 00:06:11,640 --> 00:06:15,080 Speaker 6: Well, certainly, the FED has been very much focused on 118 00:06:15,360 --> 00:06:17,280 Speaker 6: the labor market. I mean think back to a few 119 00:06:17,360 --> 00:06:19,840 Speaker 6: years ago when Jay Powell and the rest of the 120 00:06:19,880 --> 00:06:23,080 Speaker 6: FED launched the average inflation targeting where they said, well, 121 00:06:23,120 --> 00:06:25,160 Speaker 6: we could run the economy too hot for a little 122 00:06:25,160 --> 00:06:28,599 Speaker 6: while and that would be okay. So they are very 123 00:06:28,640 --> 00:06:31,039 Speaker 6: sensitive to that. That is I think why Jay is 124 00:06:31,040 --> 00:06:34,280 Speaker 6: starting to speak so much more about that. The unemployment 125 00:06:34,400 --> 00:06:37,880 Speaker 6: rate has been four percent or below for a very 126 00:06:37,920 --> 00:06:41,240 Speaker 6: long time. Now, that's a very strong labor market, and 127 00:06:41,240 --> 00:06:43,440 Speaker 6: there has been a lot of generation of jobs, not 128 00:06:43,480 --> 00:06:45,480 Speaker 6: just at the high end, but really throughout the entirety 129 00:06:45,560 --> 00:06:51,360 Speaker 6: of the income income distribution. But they're sensitive to that, 130 00:06:51,480 --> 00:06:54,600 Speaker 6: and I think that will lead them to cut by September, 131 00:06:54,760 --> 00:06:55,760 Speaker 6: but not this month. 132 00:06:56,000 --> 00:06:59,240 Speaker 4: So Randy whinn the FED does begin to cut rates. 133 00:07:00,080 --> 00:07:01,920 Speaker 4: Do they do it? Did they do it, you know, 134 00:07:02,320 --> 00:07:05,360 Speaker 4: four or five six meetings in a row? Did they alternate? 135 00:07:05,360 --> 00:07:06,040 Speaker 4: How does that work? 136 00:07:06,080 --> 00:07:09,400 Speaker 3: And Paul, your question is the absolute heart of the matter. 137 00:07:09,600 --> 00:07:11,920 Speaker 6: Sure, for sure, And so I don't think they know 138 00:07:12,120 --> 00:07:13,600 Speaker 6: yet how they want to do it. 139 00:07:13,640 --> 00:07:15,400 Speaker 5: I don't think they remember. 140 00:07:15,400 --> 00:07:18,400 Speaker 6: There's that old phrase that the Island green Span had 141 00:07:18,400 --> 00:07:20,720 Speaker 6: that you moved a pace that was likely to be measured, 142 00:07:20,960 --> 00:07:23,680 Speaker 6: so twenty five basis points every meeting for like two years. 143 00:07:24,080 --> 00:07:25,680 Speaker 6: I don't think they want to do something like that. 144 00:07:25,840 --> 00:07:28,760 Speaker 2: See, Randy, you're busting my chop. So as Paul asked 145 00:07:28,800 --> 00:07:33,040 Speaker 2: the money questionnaire. But Randy, we are wedded to a green. 146 00:07:32,880 --> 00:07:35,560 Speaker 3: Spanny in mathematics on this. 147 00:07:36,160 --> 00:07:38,480 Speaker 2: Are we wrong to do that? I mean, should we 148 00:07:38,520 --> 00:07:41,720 Speaker 2: be more creative about it? Back to McChesney, Martin or 149 00:07:41,840 --> 00:07:45,320 Speaker 2: Arthur Burns. Should we have a new formula forward beside 150 00:07:45,640 --> 00:07:46,840 Speaker 2: a measured green span. 151 00:07:47,160 --> 00:07:49,000 Speaker 5: Yeah. I don't think they're going to do the measured pace. 152 00:07:49,160 --> 00:07:52,840 Speaker 6: I think there was pretty clear consensus even when I 153 00:07:52,400 --> 00:07:56,640 Speaker 6: was there, which is now a while ago, that measured 154 00:07:56,680 --> 00:07:59,560 Speaker 6: pace was not the best way to do things. 155 00:07:59,680 --> 00:08:01,280 Speaker 5: And so I think that they will move. 156 00:08:01,760 --> 00:08:03,920 Speaker 6: And you can see when they moved inflation interest rates 157 00:08:04,000 --> 00:08:05,760 Speaker 6: up that was not at a measured pace, that was 158 00:08:05,800 --> 00:08:06,480 Speaker 6: pretty rapid. 159 00:08:07,240 --> 00:08:09,720 Speaker 5: So I think they're gonna they'll bring interest rates down. 160 00:08:09,800 --> 00:08:10,920 Speaker 5: I think they'll bring. 161 00:08:10,760 --> 00:08:13,040 Speaker 6: Them down somewhat gradually at first, but if they see 162 00:08:13,040 --> 00:08:16,360 Speaker 6: the libor market really weakening, they'll start to move quickly. 163 00:08:16,760 --> 00:08:20,160 Speaker 6: That'll be too late to prevent the labor market from 164 00:08:20,240 --> 00:08:24,680 Speaker 6: softening substantially. But they have to weigh the risks of 165 00:08:25,080 --> 00:08:28,720 Speaker 6: calling all clear too early, getting back into what happened 166 00:08:28,760 --> 00:08:31,440 Speaker 6: in the late seventies early eighties, where they did that 167 00:08:31,520 --> 00:08:34,320 Speaker 6: and then inflation reignited and they had to raise rates 168 00:08:34,440 --> 00:08:38,160 Speaker 6: really high at a really bad recession. They'd rather wait 169 00:08:38,200 --> 00:08:40,360 Speaker 6: a little bit, you know, perhaps a little bit too long, 170 00:08:40,400 --> 00:08:44,920 Speaker 6: to buy some insurance against that upside inflation scenario. But 171 00:08:44,960 --> 00:08:48,040 Speaker 6: then they can cut and just have a slow down, 172 00:08:48,200 --> 00:08:50,720 Speaker 6: maybe a mild recession, but something that'll be much less 173 00:08:50,760 --> 00:08:54,640 Speaker 6: worse than what they had in the early eighties. 174 00:08:54,880 --> 00:08:58,200 Speaker 4: All right, Rannie, So today's inflation, David, you know, certainly 175 00:08:58,520 --> 00:09:01,360 Speaker 4: showing some slowing inflation. We heard from FED Chairman J 176 00:09:01,440 --> 00:09:03,400 Speaker 4: Powell over the last two days speaking in front of 177 00:09:03,400 --> 00:09:06,920 Speaker 4: Congress focusing. I think a lot of investors said, boy, 178 00:09:06,920 --> 00:09:09,000 Speaker 4: he's really kind of focused on the labor market, the 179 00:09:09,040 --> 00:09:11,880 Speaker 4: employment market, and citing some slow downs, there are just 180 00:09:11,920 --> 00:09:14,839 Speaker 4: some softness there. How do you think about the labor market. 181 00:09:14,840 --> 00:09:16,319 Speaker 4: How do you think that Federal Reserve thinks about the 182 00:09:16,360 --> 00:09:16,880 Speaker 4: labor market. 183 00:09:17,160 --> 00:09:19,000 Speaker 6: So I think they see that, I think is really 184 00:09:19,080 --> 00:09:22,800 Speaker 6: the key on both the demand side as well as 185 00:09:22,840 --> 00:09:25,400 Speaker 6: on the supply side. So on the supply side, they 186 00:09:25,440 --> 00:09:28,079 Speaker 6: look a lot of wage growth, and wage growth has 187 00:09:28,120 --> 00:09:31,880 Speaker 6: been coming down a bit. It's still now three point 188 00:09:31,960 --> 00:09:34,920 Speaker 6: nine percent rather than four point one percent, substantially above 189 00:09:35,080 --> 00:09:39,080 Speaker 6: their inflation target. And given how important wages are in 190 00:09:39,080 --> 00:09:42,240 Speaker 6: the cost structure of both both certainly services firms, but 191 00:09:42,280 --> 00:09:47,240 Speaker 6: even manufacturing firms, unless productivity really spikes up, that's going 192 00:09:47,280 --> 00:09:49,840 Speaker 6: to have to come down a little bit, a little 193 00:09:49,880 --> 00:09:54,120 Speaker 6: bit more. On the demand side, obviously, when there's good 194 00:09:54,120 --> 00:09:56,679 Speaker 6: real wage growth as there has been, that is that 195 00:09:56,920 --> 00:09:59,280 Speaker 6: wages have been growing fast and nominal wages have been 196 00:09:59,280 --> 00:10:02,920 Speaker 6: growing faster than inflation. That's a that's a big plug 197 00:10:03,160 --> 00:10:06,280 Speaker 6: or households continuing demand, and they want to keep that 198 00:10:06,360 --> 00:10:07,200 Speaker 6: balance just right. 199 00:10:07,520 --> 00:10:10,640 Speaker 2: Professor Krausser, stay with us, don't go away at the 200 00:10:10,640 --> 00:10:13,960 Speaker 2: Blue School Chicago, with his great work at opening BOS 201 00:10:14,040 --> 00:10:16,560 Speaker 2: School in London. Here a number of years ago, Randall Krasser, 202 00:10:16,640 --> 00:10:18,000 Speaker 2: the former governor of. 203 00:10:17,960 --> 00:10:20,600 Speaker 3: The FED, Randy, we're learning so much. 204 00:10:20,800 --> 00:10:23,640 Speaker 2: And what I learned was from David Rosenberg at Marylynch 205 00:10:23,720 --> 00:10:27,840 Speaker 2: a million years ago that the financial media focuses on 206 00:10:27,840 --> 00:10:31,559 Speaker 2: one statistic, or maybe we get sophisticated and we look 207 00:10:31,600 --> 00:10:35,160 Speaker 2: at three statistics. Pros like you and Kate Moore for 208 00:10:35,240 --> 00:10:41,000 Speaker 2: that matter, look at forty seven or fifty five inflation statistics, 209 00:10:41,360 --> 00:10:44,200 Speaker 2: which is the one you're looking at right now. What 210 00:10:44,400 --> 00:10:48,839 Speaker 2: is the subset of data that matters to Randall Krasner. 211 00:10:48,480 --> 00:10:53,240 Speaker 6: And it's not really the CPI, it's the Personal Assumption 212 00:10:53,280 --> 00:10:58,240 Speaker 6: Expensure Index the PCE that comes out with the with 213 00:10:58,320 --> 00:10:59,440 Speaker 6: the GDP report. 214 00:10:59,640 --> 00:11:01,880 Speaker 5: That's what the FED has said that they really focused on. 215 00:11:02,520 --> 00:11:05,080 Speaker 6: I think that's reasonable because if you look at the 216 00:11:05,120 --> 00:11:09,240 Speaker 6: waitings in the CPI, a very large fraction of it 217 00:11:09,280 --> 00:11:12,640 Speaker 6: is around rents, and so you know some of the 218 00:11:12,679 --> 00:11:15,600 Speaker 6: oddities that we get with rents, whether it's you know, 219 00:11:16,080 --> 00:11:18,120 Speaker 6: last month, there's a big spike up in New York 220 00:11:18,160 --> 00:11:21,800 Speaker 6: City rents, there's a big lag in the way that 221 00:11:21,880 --> 00:11:25,720 Speaker 6: rents are come into, right, its owner occupied housing, but 222 00:11:25,720 --> 00:11:29,040 Speaker 6: it's really rental numbers that come in that sort of 223 00:11:29,160 --> 00:11:32,199 Speaker 6: lag things because as you know, people sent you usually 224 00:11:32,240 --> 00:11:34,880 Speaker 6: signed one year contracts for rents, and so we're finding 225 00:11:34,920 --> 00:11:36,760 Speaker 6: out a lot about what happened last year rather than 226 00:11:36,760 --> 00:11:40,199 Speaker 6: what's happening happening currently. Less of a weight on that 227 00:11:40,360 --> 00:11:44,560 Speaker 6: in the in the PCE index, and so the FED 228 00:11:44,640 --> 00:11:47,080 Speaker 6: really focuses more on that, and I think that's reasonable 229 00:11:47,080 --> 00:11:47,320 Speaker 6: to do. 230 00:11:47,520 --> 00:11:50,200 Speaker 2: Okay, Randy, this is really important, And I mean, you know, 231 00:11:50,440 --> 00:11:55,439 Speaker 2: Brown University economics pop. It's a little different than Harvard 232 00:11:55,520 --> 00:12:00,280 Speaker 2: Undergraduate economics. The gentleman at Harvard Jason firm, and I 233 00:12:00,280 --> 00:12:02,400 Speaker 2: think you know who he is, Randall Cross. Oh, yes, 234 00:12:02,760 --> 00:12:06,200 Speaker 2: Jason Ferman of X ten Fame launches a tweet out 235 00:12:06,320 --> 00:12:12,280 Speaker 2: moments ago amazing inflation data for June. What's exclamation points? 236 00:12:12,400 --> 00:12:16,200 Speaker 2: They do that at Harvard Brown University? Poole said, no 237 00:12:16,320 --> 00:12:20,560 Speaker 2: exclamation points ever. Come on, Randy, the Fed's got to 238 00:12:20,760 --> 00:12:26,160 Speaker 2: adjust to this report. Explain how they adjusts. They staggered 239 00:12:26,160 --> 00:12:27,760 Speaker 2: to July thirty first. 240 00:12:27,679 --> 00:12:29,360 Speaker 5: So certainly they will take this on board. 241 00:12:29,640 --> 00:12:32,280 Speaker 6: And I think, as you can see from the minutes, 242 00:12:33,800 --> 00:12:37,119 Speaker 6: that I think are reflected in some of Jay's recent testimony. 243 00:12:37,440 --> 00:12:41,880 Speaker 6: There's a lot more concerned about the potential downsides and 244 00:12:42,240 --> 00:12:45,440 Speaker 6: the risks of keeping interest rates high for too long. 245 00:12:46,160 --> 00:12:48,600 Speaker 6: They will take that on board, and I think what 246 00:12:48,679 --> 00:12:50,560 Speaker 6: they will do is I don't think they're going to move, 247 00:12:51,160 --> 00:12:53,000 Speaker 6: but I think what they're going to do lay the 248 00:12:53,040 --> 00:12:56,520 Speaker 6: foundation for move in September, because in some sense Jay 249 00:12:56,960 --> 00:13:00,880 Speaker 6: laid the foundation for changing the wording and changing the 250 00:13:01,960 --> 00:13:07,120 Speaker 6: changing the press conference UH feeling in July, and because 251 00:13:07,160 --> 00:13:10,400 Speaker 6: the move the FED in its communication moves at a 252 00:13:10,400 --> 00:13:14,040 Speaker 6: pace that is likely to be gradual, and so they 253 00:13:14,320 --> 00:13:17,920 Speaker 6: lay the foundation for changing the wording in July to 254 00:13:17,960 --> 00:13:20,120 Speaker 6: be able to lay the foundation for actually making a 255 00:13:20,200 --> 00:13:21,119 Speaker 6: change in September. 256 00:13:21,360 --> 00:13:23,480 Speaker 5: So I think that's what your most likely to hear. 257 00:13:24,080 --> 00:13:25,200 Speaker 3: Randy, thank you so much. 258 00:13:25,240 --> 00:13:28,040 Speaker 2: And just for the record, Professor Krausner, I would kill 259 00:13:28,160 --> 00:13:31,800 Speaker 2: to get Professor Krasner and Professor fermanon. 260 00:13:31,679 --> 00:13:32,679 Speaker 3: At the same time. 261 00:13:33,120 --> 00:13:36,679 Speaker 2: That's a giant in financial economics, in a giant in 262 00:13:36,760 --> 00:13:37,959 Speaker 2: policy economics. 263 00:13:38,320 --> 00:13:39,640 Speaker 3: Randy Krasner, the Moose. 264 00:13:39,480 --> 00:13:52,480 Speaker 4: School, Kate Moore, She's had a thematic strategy and global 265 00:13:52,520 --> 00:13:55,720 Speaker 4: allocation at a little firm called black rock. So, Kate, 266 00:13:55,920 --> 00:13:58,480 Speaker 4: I'd love to get your thoughts here on this inflation 267 00:13:58,520 --> 00:14:00,440 Speaker 4: print we Saul this morning. What is mean for you? 268 00:14:00,679 --> 00:14:02,720 Speaker 7: Look, I think this is the latest and a string 269 00:14:02,760 --> 00:14:05,280 Speaker 7: of good news for the equity market. You know, one 270 00:14:05,280 --> 00:14:08,120 Speaker 7: of the things I was really considering as we finished 271 00:14:08,120 --> 00:14:10,840 Speaker 7: off the second quarter was that, you know, most people 272 00:14:11,000 --> 00:14:14,200 Speaker 7: were skeptical about the sustainability of the equity market going 273 00:14:14,200 --> 00:14:16,199 Speaker 7: into the second half of the year. There are a 274 00:14:16,240 --> 00:14:21,440 Speaker 7: little anxious that we can't repeat returns. I think this message. 275 00:14:21,040 --> 00:14:22,760 Speaker 8: That we're getting now that the FED is going to 276 00:14:22,760 --> 00:14:23,000 Speaker 8: be in. 277 00:14:22,920 --> 00:14:24,960 Speaker 7: A place where they can continue to or they can 278 00:14:25,000 --> 00:14:27,120 Speaker 7: start to ease policy and continue to guide us, and 279 00:14:27,240 --> 00:14:29,800 Speaker 7: that is the path into the beginning of twenty twenty 280 00:14:29,800 --> 00:14:32,960 Speaker 7: five is going to be quite supportive for equity markets. 281 00:14:33,080 --> 00:14:35,760 Speaker 7: But it's not the whole story, right, I Mean, lower 282 00:14:35,840 --> 00:14:39,760 Speaker 7: rates are certainly a support, but that's not what's really 283 00:14:39,880 --> 00:14:43,240 Speaker 7: driving the equity markets in twenty twenty four. It's really 284 00:14:43,240 --> 00:14:45,360 Speaker 7: been in earnings and a fundamental story. 285 00:14:45,720 --> 00:14:47,440 Speaker 8: So now us equity. 286 00:14:47,160 --> 00:14:49,880 Speaker 7: Investors, we have to turn our attention to earnings, which 287 00:14:49,920 --> 00:14:51,280 Speaker 7: are kicking off any moment. 288 00:14:52,800 --> 00:14:54,280 Speaker 4: So what do you expect to see here? We had 289 00:14:54,320 --> 00:14:57,600 Speaker 4: some of the numbers today. Delta a little bit weaker 290 00:14:57,640 --> 00:15:01,320 Speaker 4: than expected on some costs, PEPSI, a little bit weaker 291 00:15:01,360 --> 00:15:03,960 Speaker 4: on some top line there. What are your expectations here 292 00:15:04,000 --> 00:15:04,840 Speaker 4: for earnings cycle? 293 00:15:06,280 --> 00:15:07,960 Speaker 8: Yeah, so okay, let's get out this. 294 00:15:08,400 --> 00:15:10,840 Speaker 7: To begin with, the baseline consensus is looking for a 295 00:15:10,920 --> 00:15:12,920 Speaker 7: seven and a half to eight percent EPs growth for 296 00:15:13,000 --> 00:15:13,680 Speaker 7: the second quarter. 297 00:15:13,920 --> 00:15:16,400 Speaker 8: That's obviously a little bit of an acceleration from the 298 00:15:16,480 --> 00:15:17,160 Speaker 8: first quarter. 299 00:15:17,480 --> 00:15:19,560 Speaker 7: So this is what I'm talking about, between the price 300 00:15:19,640 --> 00:15:23,840 Speaker 7: moves and where consensus is from bottom up basis. You know, 301 00:15:23,880 --> 00:15:27,080 Speaker 7: we're kind of at a hot place. But I will 302 00:15:27,120 --> 00:15:30,520 Speaker 7: say as much as people are anxious about a pullback 303 00:15:30,720 --> 00:15:34,000 Speaker 7: and you know, get worried that multiples have expanded, there 304 00:15:34,000 --> 00:15:36,040 Speaker 7: are a couple of reasons I think this earning season 305 00:15:36,080 --> 00:15:39,400 Speaker 7: could meet these high expectations. So first, I'm going to 306 00:15:39,480 --> 00:15:42,400 Speaker 7: make this point around pre announcements, because I watched this 307 00:15:42,520 --> 00:15:45,440 Speaker 7: really closely. When you're going into earning season, people may 308 00:15:45,680 --> 00:15:48,200 Speaker 7: put out all the bad news if they need to early, 309 00:15:48,920 --> 00:15:51,680 Speaker 7: and there have been very few negative pre announcements this quarter, 310 00:15:51,840 --> 00:15:53,880 Speaker 7: especially relative to what we got in the first quarter 311 00:15:53,880 --> 00:15:55,160 Speaker 7: of twenty four, which was. 312 00:15:55,160 --> 00:15:57,120 Speaker 8: Still a good earnings quarter. 313 00:15:57,520 --> 00:16:01,280 Speaker 7: So no one is coming out trying to front run 314 00:16:01,440 --> 00:16:04,480 Speaker 7: the market here and get the bad news out before earnings, 315 00:16:04,600 --> 00:16:07,000 Speaker 7: which I think is actually a very positive signal. 316 00:16:07,520 --> 00:16:07,680 Speaker 8: Kay. 317 00:16:07,760 --> 00:16:10,480 Speaker 2: And then the second thing, Oh, please go on, don't continue, Kate, 318 00:16:10,600 --> 00:16:13,680 Speaker 2: Kate Moore, you deserve a second thing, Give us a 319 00:16:13,720 --> 00:16:14,320 Speaker 2: second thing. 320 00:16:15,320 --> 00:16:16,800 Speaker 7: The second thing I was going to say is that 321 00:16:16,880 --> 00:16:20,840 Speaker 7: earnings revision ratios. This is like the ratio of upgrades 322 00:16:20,840 --> 00:16:24,760 Speaker 7: to downgrades from the bottom up analysts. And over the 323 00:16:24,800 --> 00:16:27,800 Speaker 7: last one month, the earnings revision ratios for the US 324 00:16:28,000 --> 00:16:30,520 Speaker 7: and particularly for the biggest parts that matter, like tech, 325 00:16:31,000 --> 00:16:34,560 Speaker 7: have been very positive or have in Tech, we've had 326 00:16:34,600 --> 00:16:37,640 Speaker 7: more than two upgrades for every one down grade. And 327 00:16:37,680 --> 00:16:40,560 Speaker 7: you know that's not a sign going into earning season 328 00:16:40,920 --> 00:16:43,720 Speaker 7: that people aren't seeing any signs of weakness. 329 00:16:43,960 --> 00:16:45,640 Speaker 2: Ira Jersey is going to be with us in a bit. 330 00:16:45,720 --> 00:16:48,280 Speaker 2: We're still with Kate Moore, Blackrock and mister Jersey and 331 00:16:48,320 --> 00:16:50,440 Speaker 2: his team. I mean, Kate, it's not like you or 332 00:16:50,480 --> 00:16:53,440 Speaker 2: you're you know, you're alone and you're understaffed. Jersey's got 333 00:16:53,480 --> 00:16:57,200 Speaker 2: like seven people right now writing and working on the moment, 334 00:16:57,640 --> 00:17:00,680 Speaker 2: and Iris of course talking about key rain just here 335 00:17:01,120 --> 00:17:04,480 Speaker 2: in the fixed income market, I want you to bring 336 00:17:04,520 --> 00:17:07,600 Speaker 2: that over to the equity market. Irad Jersey says, four 337 00:17:07,640 --> 00:17:10,920 Speaker 2: point one eight percent on a ten year yield is 338 00:17:10,960 --> 00:17:14,160 Speaker 2: a big deal. Right now, the tenure yield is four 339 00:17:14,200 --> 00:17:19,760 Speaker 2: point two zero percent. How do equities react if yields 340 00:17:19,800 --> 00:17:24,080 Speaker 2: go price up, yield down outside the recent range. 341 00:17:24,320 --> 00:17:26,800 Speaker 7: Price up, yield down, I think would be really supportive 342 00:17:26,880 --> 00:17:29,080 Speaker 7: for big parts of the market. You may actually see 343 00:17:29,400 --> 00:17:32,600 Speaker 7: a little bit of action in the small and mid caps, 344 00:17:32,600 --> 00:17:34,440 Speaker 7: which have been, as we know, huge laggards. 345 00:17:34,560 --> 00:17:36,120 Speaker 3: Up one point eight percent right now. 346 00:17:37,000 --> 00:17:38,640 Speaker 8: Yeah, and here's what I'll say. 347 00:17:38,760 --> 00:17:42,040 Speaker 7: Fundamentally, that segment of the market is not as strong 348 00:17:42,080 --> 00:17:44,639 Speaker 7: as what we see in the large cap indices and 349 00:17:44,680 --> 00:17:48,119 Speaker 7: the megacap company that said this is the news that 350 00:17:48,160 --> 00:17:52,440 Speaker 7: we need for smaller segments of the of the business 351 00:17:52,440 --> 00:17:55,120 Speaker 7: community that rates are on the path down. 352 00:17:54,960 --> 00:17:57,440 Speaker 8: Because they know that has been a headwind for operations. 353 00:17:57,560 --> 00:17:59,399 Speaker 2: I got one more question, Kate Moore, when then we 354 00:17:59,400 --> 00:18:01,159 Speaker 2: got to go over to Jersey to tell us what 355 00:18:01,280 --> 00:18:06,320 Speaker 2: to do? You you don't remember the analogs that we remember. 356 00:18:06,400 --> 00:18:09,680 Speaker 2: The nifty sixty I was, you know, nifty fifty rather 357 00:18:09,720 --> 00:18:12,880 Speaker 2: in the sixties and all that, even ninety nine, two 358 00:18:12,920 --> 00:18:17,200 Speaker 2: thousand does Kate More have an equity market analog you're 359 00:18:17,240 --> 00:18:20,040 Speaker 2: working off of or is this a whole new world 360 00:18:20,080 --> 00:18:21,680 Speaker 2: after all? 361 00:18:21,800 --> 00:18:25,480 Speaker 8: Yeah, Tom, I do remember ninety nineteen thousand. Don't worry. 362 00:18:25,560 --> 00:18:26,400 Speaker 8: I'm not that young. 363 00:18:26,840 --> 00:18:30,080 Speaker 7: But what I will say is I don't see a 364 00:18:30,080 --> 00:18:33,280 Speaker 7: perfect analog right here. And I know everyone wants to 365 00:18:33,320 --> 00:18:35,159 Speaker 7: pick a period in history and say it looks just 366 00:18:35,280 --> 00:18:38,439 Speaker 7: like this, and it's a comfort, you know, people like 367 00:18:38,520 --> 00:18:41,760 Speaker 7: that comfort. But we are in the midst of, I 368 00:18:41,760 --> 00:18:45,560 Speaker 7: think a massive technological change here with the advent of AI, 369 00:18:45,880 --> 00:18:48,359 Speaker 7: and as companies try and figure out how to adopt 370 00:18:48,440 --> 00:18:51,320 Speaker 7: AI and figure out the use cases and what the 371 00:18:51,320 --> 00:18:54,200 Speaker 7: best way to work with this technology is, and I 372 00:18:54,240 --> 00:18:56,960 Speaker 7: think that's going to lead to the incredible, you know, 373 00:18:57,480 --> 00:19:00,760 Speaker 7: bifurcation in the market. Companies that have access to the 374 00:19:00,800 --> 00:19:04,040 Speaker 7: technology have access to amazing data sets and are using 375 00:19:04,080 --> 00:19:06,840 Speaker 7: it appropriately and those that don't. You're starting to see 376 00:19:06,840 --> 00:19:09,720 Speaker 7: that separation in earnings already. And I just don't know 377 00:19:09,800 --> 00:19:12,000 Speaker 7: that we, or at least in the lifetime I've been 378 00:19:12,040 --> 00:19:17,320 Speaker 7: in almost five decades, that we've seen this significant of 379 00:19:17,440 --> 00:19:19,160 Speaker 7: a technological change. 380 00:19:19,400 --> 00:19:22,280 Speaker 2: Kate Moore, thank you so much, Blackrock. She's got to 381 00:19:22,320 --> 00:19:26,040 Speaker 2: talk to her steam. Colleagues at Blackrock right now greatly 382 00:19:26,119 --> 00:19:27,159 Speaker 2: greatly appreciate that. 383 00:19:36,160 --> 00:19:37,520 Speaker 3: Ira Jersey joins us. 384 00:19:37,400 --> 00:19:42,040 Speaker 2: Now with Bloomberg Intelligence, and he is a surveillance soccer expert. 385 00:19:42,440 --> 00:19:44,440 Speaker 3: Paul, why don't you get us on the straight. 386 00:19:44,160 --> 00:19:47,160 Speaker 4: And narrow exactly? All right, Ira, we had this inflation print, 387 00:19:47,200 --> 00:19:51,080 Speaker 4: came in a little bit softer than expected. What's your market? 388 00:19:51,119 --> 00:19:53,120 Speaker 4: What's the treasury market telling you about what we saw 389 00:19:53,119 --> 00:19:54,000 Speaker 4: in the inflation print? 390 00:19:54,640 --> 00:19:58,000 Speaker 9: Yeah, so the treasury market liked it, and the treasury 391 00:19:58,000 --> 00:19:59,240 Speaker 9: market has rallied. 392 00:19:59,280 --> 00:20:01,160 Speaker 5: We've seen some we call bull steepening. 393 00:20:01,240 --> 00:20:03,639 Speaker 9: So you have the front end yield, so yields on 394 00:20:03,680 --> 00:20:07,159 Speaker 9: the two year note are are lower more than yields 395 00:20:07,200 --> 00:20:09,680 Speaker 9: on the long end of the yield curve. So that's 396 00:20:09,960 --> 00:20:12,480 Speaker 9: what we call bull steepening of the curve. And that's 397 00:20:12,480 --> 00:20:15,600 Speaker 9: not a huge surprise because you know what this data does. 398 00:20:15,640 --> 00:20:18,400 Speaker 9: It gives more confidence to the market that not only 399 00:20:18,480 --> 00:20:22,320 Speaker 9: might the Fed cut in September, but once they do 400 00:20:22,359 --> 00:20:25,520 Speaker 9: start to cut, assuming that we continue to have reasonably 401 00:20:25,600 --> 00:20:29,920 Speaker 9: decent inflation prints and slowing economy, that the Fed will 402 00:20:29,960 --> 00:20:32,560 Speaker 9: probably go more regularly. And that's one of the reasons 403 00:20:32,560 --> 00:20:35,880 Speaker 9: why you see the shorter end of the yield curve 404 00:20:35,920 --> 00:20:38,040 Speaker 9: at two year note and five year note do a 405 00:20:38,119 --> 00:20:41,240 Speaker 9: little bit better than the long end because that tends 406 00:20:41,280 --> 00:20:44,200 Speaker 9: to be far more sensitive to interest rate cuts by 407 00:20:44,200 --> 00:20:46,840 Speaker 9: the Fed. So it's not a huge surprise. And at tom, 408 00:20:46,840 --> 00:20:49,480 Speaker 9: as you noted, you know, four point one eight percent 409 00:20:49,600 --> 00:20:51,959 Speaker 9: on the ten yuere is actually a pretty important technical 410 00:20:52,040 --> 00:20:54,600 Speaker 9: level because below that we're going to test four percent again. 411 00:20:55,080 --> 00:20:56,720 Speaker 9: And I think you know four percent is more of 412 00:20:56,760 --> 00:21:00,119 Speaker 9: a psychological level than anything you know, economically important. But 413 00:21:00,880 --> 00:21:02,840 Speaker 9: nonetheless you can wind up seeing a pretty big move. 414 00:21:02,960 --> 00:21:06,520 Speaker 2: We printed under four point one eight, but to pros 415 00:21:06,560 --> 00:21:10,120 Speaker 2: like you, Ira, you need to close under four point 416 00:21:10,200 --> 00:21:10,800 Speaker 2: one eight, am. 417 00:21:10,720 --> 00:21:12,480 Speaker 3: I right, Yeah, that's correct. 418 00:21:12,560 --> 00:21:15,480 Speaker 9: Yeah, so we do need to see it convince I 419 00:21:15,520 --> 00:21:18,199 Speaker 9: call it a convincing break. So what often happens is 420 00:21:18,400 --> 00:21:21,760 Speaker 9: you can make all these lines on charts and ultimately 421 00:21:22,000 --> 00:21:25,480 Speaker 9: what usually you use those for things like putting stop 422 00:21:25,560 --> 00:21:29,040 Speaker 9: losses or or stop reverses in so you you if 423 00:21:29,119 --> 00:21:32,479 Speaker 9: you're if you're short the market, for example, you you 424 00:21:32,520 --> 00:21:34,879 Speaker 9: hope that interest rates will go up, right, so yields 425 00:21:34,880 --> 00:21:38,320 Speaker 9: will go up. And if you know so, if you say, okay, 426 00:21:38,320 --> 00:21:42,560 Speaker 9: four point one eight percents a. 427 00:21:41,080 --> 00:21:42,120 Speaker 5: Is a key technical level. 428 00:21:42,119 --> 00:21:44,119 Speaker 9: You'll put you a stop in at four seventeen or 429 00:21:44,119 --> 00:21:47,360 Speaker 9: four sixteen, So you need a more convincing break than 430 00:21:47,440 --> 00:21:48,760 Speaker 9: just like half a basis point. 431 00:21:49,280 --> 00:21:51,359 Speaker 4: AI, Raight, I'm looking at the WORP function world indust 432 00:21:51,400 --> 00:21:55,119 Speaker 4: rate probability if I'm reading this correctly, Marcus, looking maybe 433 00:21:55,160 --> 00:21:57,080 Speaker 4: like an eighty five percent chance of a rate cut 434 00:21:57,640 --> 00:21:58,520 Speaker 4: in September. 435 00:21:58,600 --> 00:22:00,920 Speaker 3: Oh, listen to you, you're doing it wrap? 436 00:22:01,320 --> 00:22:01,680 Speaker 2: I am? 437 00:22:01,760 --> 00:22:03,320 Speaker 4: I am? Can I pencil that in? 438 00:22:03,359 --> 00:22:03,560 Speaker 8: IRA? 439 00:22:03,680 --> 00:22:05,119 Speaker 4: Can I put it in with ink? What do we 440 00:22:05,160 --> 00:22:05,480 Speaker 4: do here? 441 00:22:06,359 --> 00:22:09,440 Speaker 9: Well, the market certainly is coming around to that thought. 442 00:22:09,840 --> 00:22:12,320 Speaker 9: You know, I'd been very skeptical that the FED would 443 00:22:12,320 --> 00:22:15,719 Speaker 9: have enough good data to go in September, but you know, 444 00:22:15,800 --> 00:22:18,399 Speaker 9: today's data was certainly good. We remember, we still have 445 00:22:18,440 --> 00:22:20,320 Speaker 9: a bunch of prints before then, so we still have 446 00:22:20,359 --> 00:22:22,800 Speaker 9: two more inflation data. Plus we have all the PC 447 00:22:23,000 --> 00:22:25,359 Speaker 9: numbers as well as the spending and payrolls, right, so 448 00:22:25,400 --> 00:22:27,520 Speaker 9: we have all of the important data that we're going 449 00:22:27,520 --> 00:22:30,520 Speaker 9: to get over the next couple of months. And you know, 450 00:22:30,600 --> 00:22:32,480 Speaker 9: if that turns around and this happens to be the 451 00:22:32,520 --> 00:22:36,600 Speaker 9: weakest inflation print over the over that three month period, 452 00:22:36,920 --> 00:22:39,359 Speaker 9: then maybe September is off the table, but the market 453 00:22:39,400 --> 00:22:42,320 Speaker 9: certainly is pricing for a September cut. I think what's 454 00:22:42,440 --> 00:22:45,479 Speaker 9: what's what's important, though, is that we were also priced 455 00:22:45,520 --> 00:22:49,880 Speaker 9: in now for another cut after that in September November. 456 00:22:49,880 --> 00:22:52,960 Speaker 9: Excuse me, so, so basically the market is starting to 457 00:22:53,000 --> 00:22:55,080 Speaker 9: price for a string of cuts as opposed to just 458 00:22:55,359 --> 00:22:56,920 Speaker 9: one and then a pause for a little while. 459 00:22:56,880 --> 00:23:00,160 Speaker 2: I got one minute, that's I'm so sorry. How does 460 00:23:00,200 --> 00:23:03,480 Speaker 2: our world change if we get a close of three 461 00:23:03,560 --> 00:23:06,959 Speaker 2: point ninety nine percent on the ten year yield? 462 00:23:07,320 --> 00:23:08,720 Speaker 3: I don't think anybody's ready for that. 463 00:23:09,440 --> 00:23:12,280 Speaker 9: Yeah, well, it doesn't change a ton of ton, but 464 00:23:12,440 --> 00:23:15,520 Speaker 9: it what the tenuere going down that low? You would 465 00:23:15,520 --> 00:23:18,520 Speaker 9: see lower mortgage rates, right, So you would see, certainly, 466 00:23:19,240 --> 00:23:21,639 Speaker 9: I think some corporates start to come in and maybe 467 00:23:21,680 --> 00:23:24,960 Speaker 9: pre refinance some higher coupon debt that they issued, say 468 00:23:24,960 --> 00:23:27,520 Speaker 9: two or three years ago. So you can end up 469 00:23:27,560 --> 00:23:32,320 Speaker 9: having a situation where ironically lower rates leads to easier 470 00:23:32,359 --> 00:23:35,040 Speaker 9: financial conditions, and that actually might work against what the 471 00:23:35,080 --> 00:23:38,880 Speaker 9: FED wants to do, or do the Fed's work for them. 472 00:23:39,200 --> 00:23:41,560 Speaker 9: So certainly, certainly, though, you're only going to get there 473 00:23:41,640 --> 00:23:43,840 Speaker 9: if the market is more convinced that the Fed's going 474 00:23:43,880 --> 00:23:45,760 Speaker 9: to cut pretty aggressively our Jersey. 475 00:23:45,840 --> 00:23:48,480 Speaker 2: Thank you so much, greatly appreciate it. This is the 476 00:23:48,480 --> 00:23:53,480 Speaker 2: Bloomberg Saveillance Podcast, bringing you the best in economics, finance, investment, 477 00:23:53,680 --> 00:23:57,280 Speaker 2: and international relations. 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