1 00:00:00,120 --> 00:00:03,720 Speaker 1: Joining us now Bloomberg's Emily Chang and Uber CEO Dara 2 00:00:03,800 --> 00:00:05,920 Speaker 1: Kosha Shahi for more on the strong numbers. 3 00:00:06,040 --> 00:00:08,719 Speaker 2: M Ed thank you, Dara, thank you as always for 4 00:00:08,800 --> 00:00:10,640 Speaker 2: joining us. Look, it was a beat across the board, 5 00:00:10,720 --> 00:00:13,720 Speaker 2: but the stock is down this morning. You know now 6 00:00:13,760 --> 00:00:16,560 Speaker 2: that times are good. We saw trip growth really accelerated. 7 00:00:16,680 --> 00:00:18,000 Speaker 2: Will that keep up? 8 00:00:18,000 --> 00:00:21,520 Speaker 3: And how well? Our trip growth was super strong? Right? 9 00:00:21,560 --> 00:00:25,279 Speaker 4: We grew trips twenty four percent on a year on 10 00:00:25,360 --> 00:00:28,600 Speaker 4: your basis on a base of two point six billion trips, 11 00:00:28,640 --> 00:00:33,080 Speaker 4: so you know, as you get larger, it gets tougher 12 00:00:33,120 --> 00:00:35,000 Speaker 4: to have that kind of growth. But if you look 13 00:00:35,080 --> 00:00:40,000 Speaker 4: at our GROST bookings guidance going forward, it's between eighteen. 14 00:00:39,720 --> 00:00:40,640 Speaker 3: And twenty three percent. 15 00:00:40,760 --> 00:00:44,440 Speaker 4: So we do expect to continue to grow at very 16 00:00:44,560 --> 00:00:48,479 Speaker 4: very strong rates while at the same time continuing to 17 00:00:48,720 --> 00:00:52,600 Speaker 4: increase profitability and margins, which is the best of both worlds, 18 00:00:52,600 --> 00:00:55,440 Speaker 4: which is what investors expect of us, and frankly it's 19 00:00:55,480 --> 00:00:57,960 Speaker 4: what we know Uber can deliver well. 20 00:00:57,960 --> 00:01:00,800 Speaker 2: Shares just turn positive, So investors are what you're saying, 21 00:01:00,880 --> 00:01:02,720 Speaker 2: Let's talk about the other half of the business, and 22 00:01:02,760 --> 00:01:05,319 Speaker 2: that is delivery. You had to raise some fees in 23 00:01:05,400 --> 00:01:08,479 Speaker 2: some markets, you added multi store ordering. What more can 24 00:01:08,520 --> 00:01:11,080 Speaker 2: you do in delivery to keep this up? 25 00:01:11,680 --> 00:01:14,880 Speaker 4: Well, there's a ton going on in delivery. There's obviously 26 00:01:15,000 --> 00:01:20,000 Speaker 4: the core online food delivery business. Overall delivery grew seventeen 27 00:01:20,040 --> 00:01:22,520 Speaker 4: percent on a year on your basis, and it's actually 28 00:01:22,560 --> 00:01:27,880 Speaker 4: accelerating emily right. So it's accelerating versus Q two versus 29 00:01:27,920 --> 00:01:31,280 Speaker 4: Q three, and it is about getting the basics right. 30 00:01:31,319 --> 00:01:34,280 Speaker 4: The first thing is customers want choice. We now have 31 00:01:34,520 --> 00:01:39,000 Speaker 4: almost a million restaurants on our site on a global basis, 32 00:01:39,200 --> 00:01:40,440 Speaker 4: up about ten percent. 33 00:01:40,840 --> 00:01:42,320 Speaker 3: But they also want reliability. 34 00:01:42,400 --> 00:01:45,520 Speaker 4: So when we measure the number of orders that we 35 00:01:45,640 --> 00:01:48,160 Speaker 4: get wrong, the number of warders we get wrong are 36 00:01:48,200 --> 00:01:51,840 Speaker 4: down twenty five percent on a year on your basis, 37 00:01:51,840 --> 00:01:55,280 Speaker 4: So the business is reliable. You get what you expect 38 00:01:55,320 --> 00:01:59,720 Speaker 4: as well. And what that's resulting in is our audience 39 00:01:59,880 --> 00:02:03,600 Speaker 4: is growing. Frequency is growing as well, and then as 40 00:02:04,800 --> 00:02:08,000 Speaker 4: eaters order more and more in a basket, actually basket 41 00:02:08,040 --> 00:02:11,000 Speaker 4: size is growing. So the growth that we see in 42 00:02:11,080 --> 00:02:15,600 Speaker 4: eats is very, very broad. We're adding to it grocery, 43 00:02:15,639 --> 00:02:18,600 Speaker 4: which is a segment that we're very excited about. You know, 44 00:02:18,639 --> 00:02:21,120 Speaker 4: the grocery business is actually bigger than the online food 45 00:02:21,120 --> 00:02:26,840 Speaker 4: business than the food business in terms of total size. 46 00:02:27,200 --> 00:02:30,080 Speaker 4: Our grocery business is still pretty young. It's about seven 47 00:02:30,200 --> 00:02:33,720 Speaker 4: billion dollars now run rate growing over forty percent, and 48 00:02:33,760 --> 00:02:37,399 Speaker 4: we're very excited to introduce the grocery experience to all 49 00:02:37,440 --> 00:02:38,520 Speaker 4: of our eaters out there. 50 00:02:39,520 --> 00:02:41,720 Speaker 2: Caroline just pointed out your stock just hit a new 51 00:02:41,760 --> 00:02:45,360 Speaker 2: record high. I got to talk about the Super Bowl commercials. 52 00:02:45,520 --> 00:02:50,000 Speaker 2: I'm obsessed. You've got Ross and Rachel, You've got the Beckhams. 53 00:02:50,880 --> 00:02:53,040 Speaker 2: These big stars cost money though, and you had a 54 00:02:53,080 --> 00:02:56,480 Speaker 2: lot of celebrities last year too, So is this marketing 55 00:02:56,520 --> 00:02:59,359 Speaker 2: spend paying off? And are you sure? Because next year 56 00:02:59,360 --> 00:03:00,680 Speaker 2: I'm expecting Taylor Swift. 57 00:03:01,880 --> 00:03:04,240 Speaker 3: Well, you see it by the results. 58 00:03:04,320 --> 00:03:07,280 Speaker 4: You know, these big stars they cost a lot, but 59 00:03:07,360 --> 00:03:10,200 Speaker 4: they deliver a lot, right, And who's better than the 60 00:03:10,240 --> 00:03:14,519 Speaker 4: Beckhams and Jennifer Aniston as well. 61 00:03:14,880 --> 00:03:15,080 Speaker 3: You know. 62 00:03:15,120 --> 00:03:18,280 Speaker 4: The amazing thing about these stars is you know they're 63 00:03:18,280 --> 00:03:21,240 Speaker 4: not afraid of making a little fun of themselves and having. 64 00:03:20,960 --> 00:03:21,800 Speaker 3: A sense of humor. 65 00:03:22,200 --> 00:03:26,799 Speaker 4: But they also use their own social platforms to amplify 66 00:03:26,880 --> 00:03:29,760 Speaker 4: the message out there. So it's not just about the commercial, 67 00:03:30,080 --> 00:03:32,800 Speaker 4: it's about people talking about the commercials. It's about the 68 00:03:32,800 --> 00:03:37,200 Speaker 4: stars using their Instagram accounts to amplify the platform, et cetera. 69 00:03:37,600 --> 00:03:40,760 Speaker 4: That's why it's working out for us, and we think 70 00:03:40,840 --> 00:03:42,440 Speaker 4: it's worth the investment. 71 00:03:42,480 --> 00:03:45,720 Speaker 5: And then more and Dara, many times, these are global 72 00:03:45,720 --> 00:03:49,040 Speaker 5: celebrities you and a global company, even if the super 73 00:03:49,080 --> 00:03:51,360 Speaker 5: Bowl is a little bit more US focused. How much 74 00:03:51,400 --> 00:03:54,440 Speaker 5: you see in growth, particularly Latin America Asia stand out. 75 00:03:54,560 --> 00:03:56,280 Speaker 5: Are there any areas that you're worried about? 76 00:03:57,520 --> 00:04:02,200 Speaker 4: Well right now, Fortunately, we're seeing growth across the globe 77 00:04:02,680 --> 00:04:06,760 Speaker 4: for US in mobility, Latin America and Asia Pacific have 78 00:04:06,960 --> 00:04:12,119 Speaker 4: really been standouts. The Latin business is growing, the base 79 00:04:12,160 --> 00:04:14,360 Speaker 4: business is growing. But now a lat of time, what 80 00:04:14,440 --> 00:04:17,359 Speaker 4: you're seeing is more two wheelers. Actually, it's a product 81 00:04:17,400 --> 00:04:20,920 Speaker 4: we call Ubermoto. It's lower costs and much more affordable, 82 00:04:21,160 --> 00:04:23,640 Speaker 4: and so if you want a low cost ride in 83 00:04:23,880 --> 00:04:27,560 Speaker 4: Brazil or Mexico, we're seeing more and more users take 84 00:04:27,600 --> 00:04:31,680 Speaker 4: two wheelers. And in Asia, we're very, very excited about 85 00:04:31,680 --> 00:04:34,440 Speaker 4: the India market. The Indian market has been one that 86 00:04:36,040 --> 00:04:39,760 Speaker 4: has always held a lot of promise, but we're seeing 87 00:04:39,839 --> 00:04:42,800 Speaker 4: that promise come to fruition now there it's not just 88 00:04:42,839 --> 00:04:45,880 Speaker 4: four wheelers, but it's three wheelers. And the growth rates 89 00:04:46,160 --> 00:04:49,440 Speaker 4: that we're seeing in India are substantial and we think 90 00:04:49,480 --> 00:04:52,760 Speaker 4: that you know that business can continue to grow over 91 00:04:52,800 --> 00:04:53,320 Speaker 4: the next. 92 00:04:53,160 --> 00:04:54,039 Speaker 3: Five to ten years. 93 00:04:54,040 --> 00:04:57,160 Speaker 4: So there's a lot of growth and excitement ahead in 94 00:04:57,240 --> 00:04:58,440 Speaker 4: many of the markets out there. 95 00:04:58,480 --> 00:05:01,880 Speaker 6: A global conversation without glow TV and radio audience. We 96 00:05:01,960 --> 00:05:04,600 Speaker 6: are of course speaking with Uber CEO Dara Kosashahi and 97 00:05:04,680 --> 00:05:07,120 Speaker 6: Dara I hate to be the Debbie downer that focuses 98 00:05:07,120 --> 00:05:10,160 Speaker 6: on the one area of perhaps lack lust and performance, 99 00:05:10,200 --> 00:05:12,359 Speaker 6: but freight tell us a little bit about it is 100 00:05:12,400 --> 00:05:14,240 Speaker 6: in line with where the market wanted to see it, 101 00:05:14,360 --> 00:05:15,720 Speaker 6: but it is still a bit of a drag. 102 00:05:15,800 --> 00:05:17,000 Speaker 5: When'd you see the turnaround? 103 00:05:17,920 --> 00:05:21,680 Speaker 4: Well, the freight business is a cyclical business, and what 104 00:05:21,720 --> 00:05:26,040 Speaker 4: we are seeing is at least a stabilization of the 105 00:05:26,080 --> 00:05:29,000 Speaker 4: overall freight industry. There was too much supply out there, 106 00:05:29,080 --> 00:05:32,640 Speaker 4: demand wasn't growing. We're seeing a stabilization and rates. We're 107 00:05:32,680 --> 00:05:35,240 Speaker 4: seeing spot rates improve as well, So I think that's 108 00:05:35,240 --> 00:05:38,400 Speaker 4: an early signal that the freight marketplace is going to improve. 109 00:05:38,880 --> 00:05:41,400 Speaker 4: And what's really cool about Uber Freight is that we 110 00:05:41,520 --> 00:05:46,919 Speaker 4: are using our marketplace technology, matching pricing, etc. And bringing 111 00:05:46,960 --> 00:05:49,840 Speaker 4: it to the freight industry. So we're very confident that 112 00:05:49,920 --> 00:05:52,159 Speaker 4: a turn is coming. We don't know what when, but 113 00:05:52,200 --> 00:05:55,600 Speaker 4: we're definitely seeing signal of that turn, and we can 114 00:05:55,640 --> 00:06:02,440 Speaker 4: bring our technology prowess and the survey levels that other 115 00:06:02,520 --> 00:06:05,599 Speaker 4: players who are just offline really we believe can't match. 116 00:06:05,680 --> 00:06:08,240 Speaker 4: So we're quite optimistic about freight, but it's a little 117 00:06:08,279 --> 00:06:10,880 Speaker 4: bit of a waiting game to see that cycle turn, 118 00:06:11,240 --> 00:06:14,479 Speaker 4: and we're hoping to see that cycle turn this year. 119 00:06:15,600 --> 00:06:16,520 Speaker 3: Dara, good morning. 120 00:06:17,000 --> 00:06:18,800 Speaker 1: I think we kind of learned a lot about Uber 121 00:06:18,839 --> 00:06:22,400 Speaker 1: the technology company in the court have just gone new 122 00:06:22,440 --> 00:06:26,840 Speaker 1: products and just more diverse offering on mobility, but there 123 00:06:26,839 --> 00:06:28,800 Speaker 1: are lots of questions about, well, what is the new 124 00:06:28,800 --> 00:06:32,080 Speaker 1: product pipeline going forward? You know, how can you keep 125 00:06:32,080 --> 00:06:36,360 Speaker 1: adding functionality to the platform that is new, opens new 126 00:06:36,360 --> 00:06:39,840 Speaker 1: addressable markets. Car rental is interesting, right because that's an 127 00:06:39,880 --> 00:06:42,440 Speaker 1: industry erefinitely there's suffering some pain. 128 00:06:42,560 --> 00:06:47,400 Speaker 4: Yeah, well, I think it's car rentals is one area 129 00:06:47,400 --> 00:06:48,560 Speaker 4: that we're pretty excited about. 130 00:06:48,720 --> 00:06:51,520 Speaker 3: And what we try to do with Uber is we don't. 131 00:06:51,360 --> 00:06:54,799 Speaker 4: Want to just build the same thing that others have built, 132 00:06:54,800 --> 00:06:57,760 Speaker 4: but let's say a little bit better. We really try 133 00:06:57,760 --> 00:07:01,000 Speaker 4: to reinvent how you think about it particular product. So 134 00:07:01,440 --> 00:07:03,960 Speaker 4: one product that we're pretty excited about with car rentals 135 00:07:04,080 --> 00:07:07,920 Speaker 4: is actually what we call Uber Valet. And with this product, 136 00:07:08,200 --> 00:07:10,160 Speaker 4: you know, you push a button, you get to pick 137 00:07:10,160 --> 00:07:14,160 Speaker 4: your car, but then an Uber driver will come and 138 00:07:14,280 --> 00:07:17,600 Speaker 4: drop off that car for you in front of your 139 00:07:17,600 --> 00:07:20,080 Speaker 4: house or wherever you want that car dropped off. So 140 00:07:20,120 --> 00:07:23,960 Speaker 4: we want to bring that little Uber delight in whatever 141 00:07:24,080 --> 00:07:27,480 Speaker 4: experiences that we build so that we're heads and shoulders 142 00:07:27,520 --> 00:07:30,480 Speaker 4: above our competition so to speak. Now we do it 143 00:07:30,520 --> 00:07:33,000 Speaker 4: in partnership with car rental companies, so it's good business 144 00:07:33,000 --> 00:07:36,000 Speaker 4: for them, but it's the magic of Uber that we 145 00:07:36,040 --> 00:07:38,680 Speaker 4: want to introduce in every single innovation out there. And 146 00:07:38,760 --> 00:07:41,360 Speaker 4: we think there's plenty of innovation ahead for us. 147 00:07:42,120 --> 00:07:44,840 Speaker 1: Yeah, I'm somebody that takes right share. There are other 148 00:07:44,920 --> 00:07:48,520 Speaker 1: righte share platforms available to work every morning. But there 149 00:07:48,520 --> 00:07:50,920 Speaker 1: seems to be some evidence that that corporate ridership is 150 00:07:50,920 --> 00:07:53,440 Speaker 1: coming back. Where do you see that most. 151 00:07:53,960 --> 00:07:57,680 Speaker 4: Yeah, corporate has actually been a great signal for us 152 00:07:58,000 --> 00:08:00,760 Speaker 4: early this year last year. If you look that corporate 153 00:08:00,840 --> 00:08:04,120 Speaker 4: and we have a very significant corporate presence and what 154 00:08:04,160 --> 00:08:07,119 Speaker 4: we call Uber for business and it allows companies instead 155 00:08:07,160 --> 00:08:08,640 Speaker 4: of you know, black cars, et cetera. 156 00:08:08,800 --> 00:08:09,880 Speaker 3: They can use Uber. 157 00:08:10,040 --> 00:08:15,160 Speaker 4: It's connected into the corporate expense systems, et cetera. There's 158 00:08:15,160 --> 00:08:17,240 Speaker 4: an area safety, which is you know exactly where your 159 00:08:17,280 --> 00:08:20,200 Speaker 4: employees are. So it's been a very very popular offering 160 00:08:20,280 --> 00:08:23,960 Speaker 4: for US. And last year, you know, as corporates were 161 00:08:23,960 --> 00:08:26,559 Speaker 4: more careful in terms of their spending travel, et cetera, 162 00:08:27,200 --> 00:08:30,120 Speaker 4: the spending with who you for B was muted. 163 00:08:30,840 --> 00:08:32,480 Speaker 3: We are now seeing. 164 00:08:32,400 --> 00:08:35,920 Speaker 4: Especially in Q four and so far in the first quarter, 165 00:08:36,480 --> 00:08:40,440 Speaker 4: companies are starting to lean in again. They're starting to invest, 166 00:08:40,720 --> 00:08:43,800 Speaker 4: they're getting their employees out to go out to meet 167 00:08:43,800 --> 00:08:47,480 Speaker 4: customers face to face, and that absolutely is helping our 168 00:08:47,559 --> 00:08:50,440 Speaker 4: U for B business that's starting to accelerate. 169 00:08:51,080 --> 00:08:54,319 Speaker 3: It's high margin business. Usually with you for B, you know, you. 170 00:08:54,360 --> 00:08:57,520 Speaker 4: Take a comfort car or black car, so it's high 171 00:08:57,520 --> 00:09:00,240 Speaker 4: margin businesses as well. And we're very very happy with 172 00:09:00,240 --> 00:09:02,720 Speaker 4: a signal that we're seeing, and that signal is pretty broad. 173 00:09:02,760 --> 00:09:07,520 Speaker 4: It's not just the US phenomenon. We're seeing companies around 174 00:09:07,559 --> 00:09:10,280 Speaker 4: the globe starting to invest again, which we think is 175 00:09:10,280 --> 00:09:10,840 Speaker 4: a great sign. 176 00:09:12,520 --> 00:09:15,160 Speaker 2: I want to talk about EVS because there's you know, 177 00:09:15,240 --> 00:09:18,280 Speaker 2: reports consumer demand is following. You're seeing big automakers. Pulling 178 00:09:18,360 --> 00:09:22,480 Speaker 2: back your own rental partner hurts also putting back, pulling back. 179 00:09:22,559 --> 00:09:25,080 Speaker 2: How much is this hurting your partnership. You're push to 180 00:09:25,200 --> 00:09:28,960 Speaker 2: zero emissions and everything you're doing to try to incentivize 181 00:09:29,080 --> 00:09:30,680 Speaker 2: drivers to switch over. 182 00:09:31,840 --> 00:09:34,680 Speaker 4: Well, Emily, we're continuing to push on the EV space. 183 00:09:35,240 --> 00:09:37,640 Speaker 4: No one said this was going to be easy. And listen, 184 00:09:37,640 --> 00:09:41,280 Speaker 4: with every technology, there's this initial excitement and everyone gets 185 00:09:41,320 --> 00:09:45,160 Speaker 4: on board, and maybe maybe people overestimate the potential of 186 00:09:45,200 --> 00:09:47,679 Speaker 4: a business or how it is going to be. You know, 187 00:09:48,240 --> 00:09:50,240 Speaker 4: we've been around at Uber for a while and we 188 00:09:50,400 --> 00:09:54,720 Speaker 4: actually love solving tough problems, so we continue to lean 189 00:09:54,760 --> 00:09:57,839 Speaker 4: in with evs. We now have over one hundred and 190 00:09:57,840 --> 00:10:03,160 Speaker 4: twenty thousand driver driving evs all over the world. Over 191 00:10:03,200 --> 00:10:06,480 Speaker 4: the past years, we completed more than three hundred million 192 00:10:06,520 --> 00:10:11,240 Speaker 4: trips in terms of evs, So we continue to lean in. 193 00:10:11,760 --> 00:10:16,800 Speaker 4: I think a real concern is with charging infrastructure and 194 00:10:16,880 --> 00:10:20,560 Speaker 4: making sure that that charging infrastructure is available and ready, 195 00:10:21,040 --> 00:10:24,000 Speaker 4: especially where our drivers need. It may not be in 196 00:10:24,040 --> 00:10:25,520 Speaker 4: the center of the city, but it may be in 197 00:10:25,559 --> 00:10:28,640 Speaker 4: the towns that they live, et cetera. So if the 198 00:10:28,760 --> 00:10:32,200 Speaker 4: charging infrastructure comes comes in, we think we have the 199 00:10:32,240 --> 00:10:35,880 Speaker 4: partnerships in place. We're putting real money nine hundred million 200 00:10:35,960 --> 00:10:41,440 Speaker 4: dollars behind our push to evs, including subsidizing rides so 201 00:10:41,559 --> 00:10:44,920 Speaker 4: drivers actually make more on an EV trip. So we're 202 00:10:44,920 --> 00:10:47,959 Speaker 4: determined and we think we're going to keep pushing the 203 00:10:48,000 --> 00:10:49,040 Speaker 4: momentum in this space. 204 00:10:50,600 --> 00:10:53,000 Speaker 2: You're shutting down Drizzily, You're laying off one hundred and 205 00:10:53,040 --> 00:10:57,280 Speaker 2: fifty people. What happened there? Did alcohol sales just decline 206 00:10:57,320 --> 00:10:59,840 Speaker 2: post pandemic? Don't you know there's a super Bowl coming. 207 00:10:59,720 --> 00:11:03,520 Speaker 4: Up, so it's you know, listen. It was a tough 208 00:11:03,559 --> 00:11:07,480 Speaker 4: decision there. And what we have observed is that the 209 00:11:07,559 --> 00:11:10,520 Speaker 4: Uber Eats platform. We talk about the power of the platform, 210 00:11:10,559 --> 00:11:12,920 Speaker 4: which is, you know, you d on Uber, you eat 211 00:11:12,960 --> 00:11:15,319 Speaker 4: on Uber, you get grow sries on Uber, you order 212 00:11:15,360 --> 00:11:19,479 Speaker 4: your alcohol on Uber eats. The power of that platform 213 00:11:19,760 --> 00:11:23,400 Speaker 4: is really significant. And you know, things have changed where 214 00:11:23,520 --> 00:11:26,680 Speaker 4: companies have to be more disciplined in their investments. And 215 00:11:26,760 --> 00:11:28,800 Speaker 4: when we look at a marketing investment, should we put 216 00:11:28,840 --> 00:11:32,240 Speaker 4: the next marketing dollar behind Uber eats ie a super 217 00:11:32,280 --> 00:11:32,960 Speaker 4: Bowl commercial? 218 00:11:33,400 --> 00:11:34,360 Speaker 3: Or should we put that. 219 00:11:34,280 --> 00:11:38,920 Speaker 4: Next marketing dollar to introduce the Drizzly brand to consumers? 220 00:11:39,440 --> 00:11:42,480 Speaker 4: It didn't make sense to keep investing in Drizzly. So 221 00:11:42,800 --> 00:11:46,079 Speaker 4: we've taken a lot of what we've learned from Drizzly, 222 00:11:46,640 --> 00:11:51,959 Speaker 4: many of the merchant relationships, et cetera. But essentially that 223 00:11:52,000 --> 00:11:56,280 Speaker 4: business is shutting down in terms of that organic Drizzly business, 224 00:11:56,679 --> 00:12:00,760 Speaker 4: and we are building on alcohol within eats. We think 225 00:12:00,800 --> 00:12:03,760 Speaker 4: that's the next best investment going forward for us. 226 00:12:03,720 --> 00:12:04,320 Speaker 3: As a company. 227 00:12:05,000 --> 00:12:08,320 Speaker 6: Cost discipline uber CEO Darakoso Shahi, I joyed to have 228 00:12:08,360 --> 00:12:10,360 Speaker 6: you on the show. Thank you, and of course are 229 00:12:10,440 --> 00:12:10,960 Speaker 6: thanks to you. 230 00:12:11,160 --> 00:12:11,760 Speaker 2: Emily cham