1 00:00:05,800 --> 00:00:08,720 Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bloomberg p m L Podcast. I'm pim Fox. 2 00:00:08,760 --> 00:00:11,520 Speaker 1: Along with my co host Lisa Bramowitz. Each day we 3 00:00:11,640 --> 00:00:15,120 Speaker 1: bring you the most important, noteworthy, and useful interviews for 4 00:00:15,200 --> 00:00:17,840 Speaker 1: you and your money, whether you're at the grocery store 5 00:00:17,960 --> 00:00:20,720 Speaker 1: or the trading floor. Find the Bloomberg p m L 6 00:00:20,840 --> 00:00:34,040 Speaker 1: Podcast on Apple Podcasts, SoundCloud, and Bloomberg dot com. The 7 00:00:34,120 --> 00:00:38,120 Speaker 1: rhetoric is hot. The action in markets is saying we 8 00:00:38,240 --> 00:00:41,360 Speaker 1: don't buy it right now. The trade talk is way 9 00:00:41,400 --> 00:00:46,080 Speaker 1: more powerful than the actual effects, at least according to traders. 10 00:00:46,080 --> 00:00:48,479 Speaker 1: But are they taking things seriously enough and joining us 11 00:00:48,479 --> 00:00:51,440 Speaker 1: down to talk about that. Alberto Gallo, Partner and portfolio 12 00:00:51,479 --> 00:00:55,280 Speaker 1: manager of macro Strategies at Algebras UK Limited. Uh, coming 13 00:00:55,280 --> 00:00:58,320 Speaker 1: to us from London. Alberto, we always love having you on. 14 00:00:58,360 --> 00:01:01,080 Speaker 1: Thank you so much for being with us. So you know, 15 00:01:01,240 --> 00:01:04,600 Speaker 1: we heard President Trump of say We're gonna go ahead 16 00:01:04,600 --> 00:01:09,640 Speaker 1: with tariffs on our our allies, the allies responding with 17 00:01:09,840 --> 00:01:14,000 Speaker 1: absolute anger, markets totally shrugging it all off. Are they 18 00:01:14,000 --> 00:01:19,399 Speaker 1: to senguine? I believe that markets are a little bit complacent, 19 00:01:19,560 --> 00:01:23,000 Speaker 1: especially emerging markets. It's true that we had a very 20 00:01:23,000 --> 00:01:27,280 Speaker 1: bad week last week, but generally speaking, we see an 21 00:01:27,400 --> 00:01:33,640 Speaker 1: escalation in UH trade conflicts and UM the policies of 22 00:01:33,680 --> 00:01:36,800 Speaker 1: the Trump administration is implementing we'll bring growth back to 23 00:01:36,920 --> 00:01:39,920 Speaker 1: the US out of emerging markets. So what we're seeing 24 00:01:39,959 --> 00:01:43,640 Speaker 1: actually in the credit space is a reprising of spreads 25 00:01:43,720 --> 00:01:47,240 Speaker 1: across UH, some of the weakest emerging markets like Argentina 26 00:01:47,280 --> 00:01:48,960 Speaker 1: and Turkey, but also some of the other ones like 27 00:01:49,000 --> 00:01:53,800 Speaker 1: brazili and Mexico. And we think that these UM, these 28 00:01:53,920 --> 00:01:56,920 Speaker 1: carry trades will continue to be under pressure. First it 29 00:01:57,120 --> 00:02:00,360 Speaker 1: was currency is now even harder, even local currency debt, 30 00:02:00,720 --> 00:02:04,360 Speaker 1: and then hard currency debt are repricing UM and also 31 00:02:04,440 --> 00:02:07,320 Speaker 1: Europe will be on the more pressure because Europe depends 32 00:02:07,560 --> 00:02:12,200 Speaker 1: very much on exports to emerging market. So you know, 33 00:02:12,400 --> 00:02:15,200 Speaker 1: it's a stronger dollar trend even though we have some 34 00:02:15,560 --> 00:02:20,320 Speaker 1: relief today, and it's a trend of divergence, not goldilocks, 35 00:02:20,320 --> 00:02:23,280 Speaker 1: so the opposite of what we had last year. Alberto, 36 00:02:23,600 --> 00:02:26,120 Speaker 1: how much of what you're saying, which is weaker as 37 00:02:26,120 --> 00:02:28,800 Speaker 1: a prices in the in the European Union as well 38 00:02:28,840 --> 00:02:31,520 Speaker 1: as an emerging markets, how much of that hinges on 39 00:02:31,960 --> 00:02:34,440 Speaker 1: escalating trade tensions and how much do you think that 40 00:02:34,520 --> 00:02:37,600 Speaker 1: just will happen based on where we are right now 41 00:02:37,760 --> 00:02:42,440 Speaker 1: in the economic cycle. There's two things. One is that 42 00:02:42,840 --> 00:02:45,960 Speaker 1: the trade tensions, as you said, have a potential to 43 00:02:46,040 --> 00:02:51,040 Speaker 1: become worse. And geo political risk also is relatively high 44 00:02:51,040 --> 00:02:54,320 Speaker 1: in the Middle East. So all these things can can 45 00:02:54,400 --> 00:02:58,120 Speaker 1: hinder global trade. The second fear that we have is 46 00:02:58,160 --> 00:03:01,520 Speaker 1: that after a week Q one, some economies may just 47 00:03:01,760 --> 00:03:04,280 Speaker 1: not regain the momentum they have lost. So in the 48 00:03:04,360 --> 00:03:07,200 Speaker 1: in the Eurozone, for example, you've seen a pretty weak 49 00:03:07,919 --> 00:03:10,000 Speaker 1: Q one. The level of growth, the level of p 50 00:03:10,160 --> 00:03:13,120 Speaker 1: m I are very good, but momentum is fading. And 51 00:03:13,160 --> 00:03:15,200 Speaker 1: so what you should do, if if you are a 52 00:03:15,200 --> 00:03:19,800 Speaker 1: policymakers now is to do a physical stimulus to um 53 00:03:19,960 --> 00:03:23,040 Speaker 1: to UH push growth higher. And we know that some 54 00:03:23,120 --> 00:03:26,960 Speaker 1: core European countries have a surplus um like Germany, France 55 00:03:27,000 --> 00:03:30,240 Speaker 1: that they can spend, but there is lack of willingness 56 00:03:30,320 --> 00:03:33,080 Speaker 1: to to use this um. So for the moment we 57 00:03:33,120 --> 00:03:36,520 Speaker 1: are in a slowdown um, you know, in a slowdown 58 00:03:36,520 --> 00:03:40,320 Speaker 1: of momentum. Well, Alberto, Italy doesn't seem to have any 59 00:03:40,360 --> 00:03:43,680 Speaker 1: reticence about spending money that they don't have. And I'm 60 00:03:43,680 --> 00:03:47,320 Speaker 1: curious about whether you believe Italy's problems are over because 61 00:03:47,560 --> 00:03:51,680 Speaker 1: they have a new finance minister, Giovanni Tria, and I 62 00:03:51,720 --> 00:03:55,480 Speaker 1: believe that in the past he has actually said that 63 00:03:55,640 --> 00:04:01,680 Speaker 1: the euro is a rigged system in favor of Germany. Well, 64 00:04:01,800 --> 00:04:04,320 Speaker 1: the Eurozone is favor in Germany, that is a fact. 65 00:04:04,880 --> 00:04:08,880 Speaker 1: There's a making his study which shows that Germany is 66 00:04:09,160 --> 00:04:13,280 Speaker 1: gaining around two and fifty billion euros in savings from 67 00:04:13,320 --> 00:04:16,120 Speaker 1: being in the Eurozone by funding a negative yields and 68 00:04:16,160 --> 00:04:19,280 Speaker 1: by having an exchange rate which is lower than than 69 00:04:19,320 --> 00:04:22,159 Speaker 1: a potential dodge Mark would be. So some of these 70 00:04:22,160 --> 00:04:25,680 Speaker 1: benefits are not being redistributed. But it's also true that 71 00:04:26,480 --> 00:04:30,160 Speaker 1: Germany cannot bear the weight of saving all the periphery 72 00:04:30,200 --> 00:04:33,760 Speaker 1: countries and Italy hasn't done the reforms it should have done. 73 00:04:34,320 --> 00:04:36,640 Speaker 1: So you know, the truth is in the middle at 74 00:04:36,720 --> 00:04:40,720 Speaker 1: least been very much the UM the target of all 75 00:04:40,720 --> 00:04:44,279 Speaker 1: the migrant flows, together with Spain in Greece from North Africa, 76 00:04:44,400 --> 00:04:48,400 Speaker 1: and so it has been under a particular physical strain 77 00:04:49,040 --> 00:04:53,359 Speaker 1: to um to host all the all the migrants. Around 78 00:04:53,720 --> 00:04:57,200 Speaker 1: almost a million people arrived in the last few years. 79 00:04:57,240 --> 00:04:59,640 Speaker 1: So I would say the euro exit fear is has 80 00:04:59,680 --> 00:05:02,920 Speaker 1: been a it overdone Italy doesn't want to exit. Three 81 00:05:02,960 --> 00:05:05,159 Speaker 1: out of four Italians want to stay in the European 82 00:05:05,240 --> 00:05:08,200 Speaker 1: Union and in the Eurozone. But maybe a little bit 83 00:05:08,200 --> 00:05:10,640 Speaker 1: of slack on the physical side. The pro growth measures 84 00:05:10,640 --> 00:05:13,360 Speaker 1: are needed in the periphery where you still have very 85 00:05:13,400 --> 00:05:17,120 Speaker 1: high youth unemployment. Okay, So Alberto, I want to put 86 00:05:17,160 --> 00:05:20,600 Speaker 1: you on the spot. What would make you actually trade 87 00:05:21,680 --> 00:05:24,120 Speaker 1: on some of the trade talk? In other words, you 88 00:05:24,160 --> 00:05:27,000 Speaker 1: know what, what so far have we heard with respect 89 00:05:27,040 --> 00:05:30,800 Speaker 1: to rhetoric that has actually affected your investing thesis and 90 00:05:31,080 --> 00:05:35,000 Speaker 1: uh and made you shift around your portfolio generally, I 91 00:05:35,040 --> 00:05:38,960 Speaker 1: would say we have already shifted towards a less positive 92 00:05:39,000 --> 00:05:43,520 Speaker 1: stance on some of the emerging market country's debt which 93 00:05:43,520 --> 00:05:45,880 Speaker 1: we were invested in last year. So we have reduced 94 00:05:46,279 --> 00:05:49,479 Speaker 1: exposure to some of the riskiest countries in emerging markets. 95 00:05:49,520 --> 00:05:53,919 Speaker 1: We have actually hedged or overheaged um some of the 96 00:05:53,960 --> 00:05:58,360 Speaker 1: weakest ones like Turkey or Argentina and also Brazilian Mexico 97 00:05:58,400 --> 00:06:01,320 Speaker 1: which face elections this year. We're not looking for a crisis, 98 00:06:01,360 --> 00:06:04,240 Speaker 1: but there is a potential for repricing because the FED 99 00:06:04,480 --> 00:06:07,840 Speaker 1: is hiking so liquidit is going away from em back 100 00:06:07,880 --> 00:06:12,120 Speaker 1: to America to dollar assets, so some of these carry 101 00:06:12,120 --> 00:06:14,760 Speaker 1: trades that were so profitable aren't profitable anymore. And also 102 00:06:14,800 --> 00:06:19,320 Speaker 1: that you know, the trade escalation could be a negative 103 00:06:19,320 --> 00:06:24,200 Speaker 1: growth driver for countries that export to the to the US, 104 00:06:24,360 --> 00:06:27,560 Speaker 1: for for China and all the countries that rely on 105 00:06:27,560 --> 00:06:31,880 Speaker 1: on on China. UM and all these things are you know, 106 00:06:31,920 --> 00:06:34,640 Speaker 1: if you look at valuations, they're not really priced in UM. 107 00:06:34,680 --> 00:06:38,120 Speaker 1: There's been a very good year last year for emerging 108 00:06:38,160 --> 00:06:40,920 Speaker 1: markets debt and equity, and and you know this year 109 00:06:41,000 --> 00:06:44,560 Speaker 1: we had a small a small correction, but you know, 110 00:06:44,640 --> 00:06:47,640 Speaker 1: spreads in emerging market debt are still near record lows. 111 00:06:47,880 --> 00:06:52,040 Speaker 1: Thanks very much, Alberto Gallo, portfolio manager. Ahead of macro Strategies, 112 00:06:52,080 --> 00:07:11,080 Speaker 1: Algebra Investments joining us from London. The shares of Merk 113 00:07:11,160 --> 00:07:14,360 Speaker 1: are higher by nearly two percent right now. This comes 114 00:07:14,480 --> 00:07:18,320 Speaker 1: after the results of a follow up to follow up 115 00:07:18,400 --> 00:07:22,080 Speaker 1: studies having to do with advanced melanoma showing that Merk's 116 00:07:22,160 --> 00:07:26,960 Speaker 1: key true to drug demonstrated long term survival benefits. Here 117 00:07:26,960 --> 00:07:30,600 Speaker 1: to tell us more about this and other wonders of 118 00:07:30,640 --> 00:07:35,440 Speaker 1: the scientific world attending the American Society of Clinical Oncology 119 00:07:35,480 --> 00:07:39,520 Speaker 1: conference in Chicago is none other than our healthcare reporter 120 00:07:39,680 --> 00:07:43,280 Speaker 1: for stocks Tatiana Dar and she joins us now and 121 00:07:43,360 --> 00:07:47,680 Speaker 1: I recommend you follow Tatiana on Twitter at Tatiana Dor. 122 00:07:47,920 --> 00:07:51,560 Speaker 1: That's D A R I double E when it comes 123 00:07:51,600 --> 00:07:55,480 Speaker 1: to being on Twitter. Tatiana tell us about this meeting. 124 00:07:55,520 --> 00:08:01,200 Speaker 1: Why is this this clinical oncology conference so important to companies? Yes, 125 00:08:01,680 --> 00:08:03,880 Speaker 1: thanks so much for having me them so we have. 126 00:08:04,040 --> 00:08:07,160 Speaker 1: It's important because we have really the biggest UH and 127 00:08:07,200 --> 00:08:10,800 Speaker 1: the most prominent doctors and cancer and in the fields 128 00:08:10,800 --> 00:08:13,600 Speaker 1: of oncology attending this meeting to really stay on top 129 00:08:13,680 --> 00:08:17,200 Speaker 1: of the research and innovation in this field. And this 130 00:08:17,280 --> 00:08:20,240 Speaker 1: year it appears that Mark is a clear winner here 131 00:08:20,320 --> 00:08:23,720 Speaker 1: because they just posted data in UM stage four lung 132 00:08:23,800 --> 00:08:26,480 Speaker 1: key answer. These are really patients that have no other 133 00:08:26,560 --> 00:08:29,880 Speaker 1: options and the most important finding here is that their drug, 134 00:08:29,920 --> 00:08:33,760 Speaker 1: key Truda, was able to help patients live longer than 135 00:08:33,920 --> 00:08:38,400 Speaker 1: those on chemos therapy. So this studies really positions the 136 00:08:38,480 --> 00:08:43,120 Speaker 1: company to UM allow patients to avoid chemotherapy altogether and 137 00:08:43,160 --> 00:08:46,240 Speaker 1: just go on Truda, and the benefit there was from 138 00:08:46,320 --> 00:08:51,000 Speaker 1: four to eight months. That's a remarkable UM benefit, you 139 00:08:51,040 --> 00:08:53,480 Speaker 1: know for those patients who really don't have a lot 140 00:08:53,480 --> 00:08:59,280 Speaker 1: of options. So Mark a winner one loser Nectar Therapeutics. 141 00:08:59,320 --> 00:09:01,640 Speaker 1: You just put out a story noting that it has 142 00:09:01,679 --> 00:09:05,640 Speaker 1: lost a third of its value today after a study 143 00:09:05,679 --> 00:09:08,600 Speaker 1: that it put out. Can you tell us more about that? Yes, 144 00:09:08,679 --> 00:09:10,599 Speaker 1: exactly so. And the last time I check you was 145 00:09:10,640 --> 00:09:14,320 Speaker 1: about a quarter. I think that they are they lost 146 00:09:14,400 --> 00:09:17,760 Speaker 1: or even more than that. It's incredible the move. Investors 147 00:09:17,800 --> 00:09:21,559 Speaker 1: are really punishing Nectar Therapeuts here, and that's because expectations 148 00:09:21,559 --> 00:09:24,360 Speaker 1: were really high going into the conference. This is a 149 00:09:24,360 --> 00:09:27,839 Speaker 1: company that's presented very promising results of its drug in 150 00:09:27,960 --> 00:09:33,400 Speaker 1: combination with bristol um squibbed up pivo and uh those results. 151 00:09:33,440 --> 00:09:36,120 Speaker 1: The big question for investor here has been will those 152 00:09:36,120 --> 00:09:39,440 Speaker 1: promising results called up in a bigger patient population, And 153 00:09:39,520 --> 00:09:43,240 Speaker 1: unfortunately we have seen as those response rates come down 154 00:09:43,320 --> 00:09:47,319 Speaker 1: and melanoma and kidney cancer. Well, the company has been 155 00:09:47,320 --> 00:09:50,760 Speaker 1: assuring investors that yet too early to tell and rush 156 00:09:50,800 --> 00:09:54,439 Speaker 1: to conclusions about the drugs benefit because they've only presented 157 00:09:54,880 --> 00:09:57,720 Speaker 1: data on patients that happened on the treatment for just 158 00:09:57,760 --> 00:09:59,880 Speaker 1: a couple of months. So they will have up an 159 00:10:00,080 --> 00:10:03,200 Speaker 1: state later in the year. But you know, today it 160 00:10:03,240 --> 00:10:07,160 Speaker 1: looks like investors are have been really disappointed so far. 161 00:10:07,880 --> 00:10:11,400 Speaker 1: Tatiana how do you describe to people this world of 162 00:10:11,520 --> 00:10:14,439 Speaker 1: gene editing, because that seems to be such a hot 163 00:10:14,480 --> 00:10:19,800 Speaker 1: area when it comes to investments and also scientific advances. Yes, 164 00:10:19,880 --> 00:10:23,360 Speaker 1: I'm um uh, probably the best way to describe it 165 00:10:23,440 --> 00:10:26,360 Speaker 1: right now, you know, in science fiction, because this is 166 00:10:26,400 --> 00:10:31,400 Speaker 1: really something. It's just incredible to have um doctors being 167 00:10:31,440 --> 00:10:34,040 Speaker 1: able to you know, and scientists being able to edit 168 00:10:34,120 --> 00:10:37,720 Speaker 1: your DNA information so that it can provide a cure 169 00:10:37,880 --> 00:10:41,280 Speaker 1: for some diseases that have genetic mutations and have no 170 00:10:41,440 --> 00:10:44,960 Speaker 1: other alternative today. But it's very early, and you know, 171 00:10:45,000 --> 00:10:48,160 Speaker 1: we've seen and we've learned with Christmas Therapeutics. The FDA 172 00:10:48,240 --> 00:10:50,600 Speaker 1: has put a hold on a trial that they haven't 173 00:10:50,600 --> 00:10:53,240 Speaker 1: even started, and that's because there is still a lot 174 00:10:53,280 --> 00:10:56,080 Speaker 1: of questions when it comes to doing this in people. 175 00:10:56,520 --> 00:10:59,160 Speaker 1: We have data in animals. We know it works on 176 00:10:59,240 --> 00:11:02,600 Speaker 1: agriculture with plants. With animals, we don't know yet if 177 00:11:02,640 --> 00:11:06,040 Speaker 1: it works in humans and if it's sad enough. Tell 178 00:11:06,120 --> 00:11:10,720 Speaker 1: us about a company called Bluebird Bio. They're based in Cambridge, 179 00:11:10,760 --> 00:11:13,840 Speaker 1: and of course the Bloomberg one or six one Boston, Newburyport. 180 00:11:14,040 --> 00:11:16,439 Speaker 1: Tell us about Bluebird Bio. The shares are up about 181 00:11:16,440 --> 00:11:20,240 Speaker 1: three and a half percent today. Yes, Blue was also 182 00:11:20,320 --> 00:11:23,679 Speaker 1: subject to a pretty interesting debate here at the conference, 183 00:11:23,679 --> 00:11:27,000 Speaker 1: they posted data showing that their drug I delayed the 184 00:11:27,040 --> 00:11:31,439 Speaker 1: progression of a melanoma in patients by almost about a year. 185 00:11:31,720 --> 00:11:34,400 Speaker 1: And if you compare that to the current standard of 186 00:11:34,440 --> 00:11:37,160 Speaker 1: care or the current treatments that patients are getting, they're 187 00:11:37,200 --> 00:11:40,320 Speaker 1: only seeing a benefit of about four months. So you know, 188 00:11:40,360 --> 00:11:45,160 Speaker 1: that's an impressive benefit of almost double the current benefit 189 00:11:45,240 --> 00:11:49,160 Speaker 1: that they're getting. But the question for investors, also based 190 00:11:49,160 --> 00:11:54,400 Speaker 1: on high expectations um on primary results, has been if 191 00:11:54,440 --> 00:11:57,160 Speaker 1: they can provide a larger benefit, and I think investors 192 00:11:57,160 --> 00:12:00,560 Speaker 1: were looking for something closer to fifteen months. But doctors, 193 00:12:01,040 --> 00:12:03,559 Speaker 1: you know, again, I guess they had those conversations over 194 00:12:03,600 --> 00:12:06,080 Speaker 1: the weekend they said, this is a very solid result 195 00:12:06,320 --> 00:12:10,480 Speaker 1: a year versus the four months we're currently seeing. Tatiana, 196 00:12:10,559 --> 00:12:12,959 Speaker 1: I'm wondering, just if you take a step back, whether 197 00:12:13,000 --> 00:12:18,120 Speaker 1: there's been any discussion about President Trump's talk of lowering 198 00:12:18,240 --> 00:12:23,960 Speaker 1: drug prices given the fact that these are largely pharmaceutical companies. Uh, well, 199 00:12:24,320 --> 00:12:27,400 Speaker 1: not so much, Lisa, that this conference is very, very 200 00:12:27,440 --> 00:12:30,719 Speaker 1: focused on the latest innovation in on colloge here and 201 00:12:31,240 --> 00:12:33,920 Speaker 1: I guess that that the talk has in town has 202 00:12:33,920 --> 00:12:38,520 Speaker 1: been anti TUDA and also on combination approaches, because unfortunately 203 00:12:38,600 --> 00:12:41,040 Speaker 1: we're seeing a great benefit and lung cancer patients, but 204 00:12:41,320 --> 00:12:43,720 Speaker 1: there are lots of other cancers and lots of other 205 00:12:43,760 --> 00:12:47,280 Speaker 1: patients who currently don't have many options. So doctors are 206 00:12:47,320 --> 00:12:51,240 Speaker 1: trying to um to to see what the latest innovation 207 00:12:51,280 --> 00:12:54,360 Speaker 1: there is. Tatiana, thank you so much for being with us. 208 00:12:54,400 --> 00:12:56,600 Speaker 1: It's always a fascinating conference. We look forward to your 209 00:12:56,600 --> 00:13:00,400 Speaker 1: reports out of it. Tatiana Darier, Healthcare reporter for Boomberg. 210 00:13:00,400 --> 00:13:04,760 Speaker 1: Reporting from the American Society of Clinical Oncology Winners and 211 00:13:04,840 --> 00:13:11,000 Speaker 1: losers emerging as these companies reveal tests and uh studies 212 00:13:11,040 --> 00:13:14,240 Speaker 1: that show whether or not their their strategies are effective. 213 00:13:29,280 --> 00:13:33,400 Speaker 1: The advertising industry has been rapidly changing. In one company 214 00:13:33,640 --> 00:13:38,000 Speaker 1: in particular is trying to reflect that change in itself. 215 00:13:38,280 --> 00:13:42,240 Speaker 1: Joining us now is John Seafort Cifert. Excuse me, John cifer, 216 00:13:42,320 --> 00:13:45,160 Speaker 1: Chairman and chief executive officer of ogilvie H. He is 217 00:13:45,200 --> 00:13:48,520 Speaker 1: here in our eleven three oh studio. So tomorrow is 218 00:13:48,520 --> 00:13:53,400 Speaker 1: a big day. You are rebranded, rebranding but also refounding 219 00:13:54,040 --> 00:13:58,079 Speaker 1: this agency. Tell us what's happening exactly. Well, Tomorrow is 220 00:13:58,120 --> 00:14:02,520 Speaker 1: really a milestone in the nearly thirty month journey that 221 00:14:02,559 --> 00:14:05,560 Speaker 1: we've been going through to transform the company. Uh, we're 222 00:14:05,600 --> 00:14:08,480 Speaker 1: nearly seventy years old, will be seventy in this coming September, 223 00:14:08,480 --> 00:14:10,839 Speaker 1: since David Ogilvy founded the company in New York, and 224 00:14:12,360 --> 00:14:15,360 Speaker 1: we're probably going through the biggest business transformation in our 225 00:14:15,400 --> 00:14:19,880 Speaker 1: company's history. We're pulling down all the silos, all the 226 00:14:19,960 --> 00:14:23,800 Speaker 1: specialist divisions that have been built up over years, and 227 00:14:23,840 --> 00:14:26,400 Speaker 1: really trying to bring it all together and connect it 228 00:14:26,480 --> 00:14:31,320 Speaker 1: as one company. Tomorrow is what we're calling our refounding 229 00:14:31,440 --> 00:14:35,920 Speaker 1: affectionately and David's honor. He started the company as one brand, 230 00:14:35,960 --> 00:14:39,240 Speaker 1: and so tomorrow we're reintroducing the brand to our fifteen 231 00:14:39,240 --> 00:14:43,080 Speaker 1: thousand plus employees, all in the context of giving them 232 00:14:43,200 --> 00:14:47,160 Speaker 1: greater clarity on really the founding purpose of of why 233 00:14:47,280 --> 00:14:50,080 Speaker 1: Ogilvy exists, which we believe it's to make our clients 234 00:14:50,120 --> 00:14:55,200 Speaker 1: brands matter in an incredibly chaotic, fast paced, changing world 235 00:14:55,240 --> 00:14:59,800 Speaker 1: where technology and social media and so many other factors 236 00:14:59,800 --> 00:15:03,960 Speaker 1: have change the way brands are built today. John, I 237 00:15:04,040 --> 00:15:08,640 Speaker 1: remember the booklet that David Ogilvie would offer to all 238 00:15:08,720 --> 00:15:11,360 Speaker 1: new employees. It was called what we Believe and how 239 00:15:11,400 --> 00:15:15,920 Speaker 1: we behave, and he described Ogilvy as a teaching hospital. 240 00:15:16,360 --> 00:15:19,160 Speaker 1: And I'm wondering if you can use your own experience 241 00:15:19,720 --> 00:15:24,720 Speaker 1: of joining Ogilvy. Uh, you didn't even get out of college. 242 00:15:24,760 --> 00:15:29,600 Speaker 1: I believe you were an intern and Bill Phillips took 243 00:15:29,680 --> 00:15:32,320 Speaker 1: you on and you just war people down to accept 244 00:15:32,360 --> 00:15:34,600 Speaker 1: You tell people a little bit of your story and 245 00:15:34,640 --> 00:15:38,360 Speaker 1: how that kind of exemplifies this idea of what we 246 00:15:38,440 --> 00:15:41,520 Speaker 1: believe in how we behave. Well, you're touching on exactly 247 00:15:41,680 --> 00:15:44,440 Speaker 1: the motivation for why we want to do this refounding, 248 00:15:44,520 --> 00:15:47,240 Speaker 1: because I do believe in my personal story it is 249 00:15:47,280 --> 00:15:50,240 Speaker 1: a story of the brand Um. I was fortunate enough 250 00:15:50,280 --> 00:15:52,680 Speaker 1: to have a family friend who works for David Ogilvie, 251 00:15:53,400 --> 00:15:56,280 Speaker 1: and she um she was concerned that, as a sort 252 00:15:56,280 --> 00:15:59,320 Speaker 1: of c student at the University of Southern California who 253 00:15:59,320 --> 00:16:02,280 Speaker 1: spent more time with his friends and at parties, I 254 00:16:02,360 --> 00:16:04,880 Speaker 1: might need a little kick in the butt to get 255 00:16:04,920 --> 00:16:08,160 Speaker 1: my act together. And so she appealed to then uh 256 00:16:08,280 --> 00:16:10,240 Speaker 1: president of Ogilvie and may theer in the u S 257 00:16:10,280 --> 00:16:12,680 Speaker 1: Bill Phillips, to give me a summer job. So I 258 00:16:12,720 --> 00:16:15,880 Speaker 1: showed up on the doorstep in June of nine seventy nine, 259 00:16:16,440 --> 00:16:19,520 Speaker 1: with nothing more than a business card from Bill that said, 260 00:16:20,000 --> 00:16:22,720 Speaker 1: give this guy a summer job and uh and and 261 00:16:22,760 --> 00:16:25,600 Speaker 1: that's what happened. So I am a product of the 262 00:16:25,640 --> 00:16:29,800 Speaker 1: system of a commitment to teach someone who knew almost 263 00:16:29,920 --> 00:16:35,360 Speaker 1: nothing about either advertising or business or marketing UH, to 264 00:16:35,560 --> 00:16:38,320 Speaker 1: help help bring out my kind of I guess natural 265 00:16:38,400 --> 00:16:41,360 Speaker 1: inclination to work hard and and and learn from an 266 00:16:41,360 --> 00:16:44,720 Speaker 1: amazing group of people. So the message is staying the same. 267 00:16:45,080 --> 00:16:48,680 Speaker 1: The backdrop, though, has changed dramatically. In the past few 268 00:16:48,760 --> 00:16:51,880 Speaker 1: years have been somewhat difficult for the advertising business and 269 00:16:51,880 --> 00:16:54,360 Speaker 1: for ogilvie UM and I want you to talk a 270 00:16:54,400 --> 00:16:57,640 Speaker 1: little bit about why. Well. One of the things that 271 00:16:58,080 --> 00:17:01,560 Speaker 1: give us such conviction about the changes we're making and 272 00:17:02,320 --> 00:17:05,440 Speaker 1: the motivation to to refound the brand, so to speak, 273 00:17:05,520 --> 00:17:09,879 Speaker 1: is that we are seeing unprecedented change within our client organizations. 274 00:17:10,440 --> 00:17:14,040 Speaker 1: They themselves and their industries are in a complete state 275 00:17:14,040 --> 00:17:18,040 Speaker 1: of disruption, whether that is through new business models, new 276 00:17:18,119 --> 00:17:21,199 Speaker 1: brands that have come onto the scene with none of 277 00:17:21,200 --> 00:17:25,920 Speaker 1: the legacy challenges of of their cost structure, their innovation pipeline, 278 00:17:26,280 --> 00:17:29,960 Speaker 1: their access to capital, and are really innovating in a 279 00:17:30,080 --> 00:17:33,359 Speaker 1: much more dynamic, much faster way to the needs and 280 00:17:33,440 --> 00:17:36,120 Speaker 1: interests of the the end consumer than we've ever seen, 281 00:17:36,280 --> 00:17:39,000 Speaker 1: certainly that I've ever seen in my lifetime. And with 282 00:17:39,040 --> 00:17:42,120 Speaker 1: that disruption has come a lot of pressure on these 283 00:17:42,119 --> 00:17:45,760 Speaker 1: businesses to get their own cost structures in line, simplify 284 00:17:45,960 --> 00:17:48,160 Speaker 1: and and get the complexity of out of their own 285 00:17:48,160 --> 00:17:51,920 Speaker 1: business systems, and then think about brand building in a 286 00:17:52,000 --> 00:17:54,920 Speaker 1: modern way, which is, how do you connect everything from 287 00:17:55,040 --> 00:17:58,040 Speaker 1: your promise, your values, the point of view you have 288 00:17:58,080 --> 00:18:01,280 Speaker 1: in the marketplace to the things that matter in terms 289 00:18:01,320 --> 00:18:03,520 Speaker 1: of how do I buy your products and services by 290 00:18:03,520 --> 00:18:06,520 Speaker 1: my mobile phone or how do I, you know, enjoy 291 00:18:06,960 --> 00:18:10,080 Speaker 1: an experience that transforms the way I think about your 292 00:18:10,160 --> 00:18:13,240 Speaker 1: value to me in my life. So every client we 293 00:18:13,240 --> 00:18:15,600 Speaker 1: we have right now is going through this kind of 294 00:18:15,760 --> 00:18:19,560 Speaker 1: set of changes. What's the biggest change in skills that 295 00:18:19,640 --> 00:18:22,040 Speaker 1: employees at Ogilvie need to have in order to be 296 00:18:22,119 --> 00:18:25,520 Speaker 1: successful today? We are training them in the spirit of 297 00:18:25,520 --> 00:18:31,040 Speaker 1: teaching hospital to think holistically. We absolutely need specialist skills, 298 00:18:31,080 --> 00:18:34,000 Speaker 1: be it in understanding the coding that goes behind the 299 00:18:34,040 --> 00:18:37,480 Speaker 1: technology that serves a consumer through a mobile device or 300 00:18:37,600 --> 00:18:40,800 Speaker 1: or or through UH through some other form of of 301 00:18:41,200 --> 00:18:44,199 Speaker 1: digital experience, but we also need people to see the 302 00:18:44,200 --> 00:18:47,440 Speaker 1: whole brand to understand that the trust that's built through 303 00:18:47,440 --> 00:18:51,000 Speaker 1: employees and their belief in what they're selling and how 304 00:18:51,040 --> 00:18:54,239 Speaker 1: they serve and what they promise to customers can be 305 00:18:54,280 --> 00:18:57,840 Speaker 1: fulfilled by the institution of the clients themselves. And so 306 00:18:58,040 --> 00:19:02,400 Speaker 1: we think of almost every audience reg later's employees and consumers, 307 00:19:02,480 --> 00:19:04,640 Speaker 1: the partners that many of our clients are now doing 308 00:19:04,640 --> 00:19:08,160 Speaker 1: business with. All of these audiences are vital. For those 309 00:19:08,160 --> 00:19:10,840 Speaker 1: companies and brands that don't have a holistic view of 310 00:19:10,880 --> 00:19:13,439 Speaker 1: it and can see how to connect the dots, we 311 00:19:13,520 --> 00:19:17,320 Speaker 1: think those companies are going to suffer to either new 312 00:19:17,400 --> 00:19:21,040 Speaker 1: brands or brands that transform faster, and to us, that's 313 00:19:21,080 --> 00:19:23,360 Speaker 1: the future of of where this is all going from 314 00:19:23,359 --> 00:19:26,879 Speaker 1: a brandom business perspective. Are there's some things that don't change. 315 00:19:26,880 --> 00:19:30,119 Speaker 1: For example, Uh, I remember reading something about how you 316 00:19:30,160 --> 00:19:32,840 Speaker 1: got promoted early on in your career, and it was 317 00:19:32,880 --> 00:19:35,880 Speaker 1: about a breakfast buffet, and I'm wondering if you could 318 00:19:35,920 --> 00:19:38,240 Speaker 1: just quickly tell that story and about how it doesn't 319 00:19:38,240 --> 00:19:41,520 Speaker 1: matter what you do, but everything you do has to 320 00:19:41,600 --> 00:19:44,639 Speaker 1: be exceptional to the point of trying to make that 321 00:19:44,760 --> 00:19:48,479 Speaker 1: connection with the client no exactly. I mean, I um 322 00:19:48,720 --> 00:19:51,159 Speaker 1: it was. It still befuddles me to some extent. But 323 00:19:51,560 --> 00:19:53,520 Speaker 1: I used to work on the Mattel toys business. We 324 00:19:53,640 --> 00:19:57,480 Speaker 1: used to make hundreds of toy commercials every year, primarily 325 00:19:57,560 --> 00:20:01,520 Speaker 1: for showing at what was called the Wayfair to see 326 00:20:01,560 --> 00:20:04,520 Speaker 1: which of the major retailers would accept a new toy 327 00:20:04,640 --> 00:20:07,880 Speaker 1: and uh. We used to screen these rough cut commercials 328 00:20:07,920 --> 00:20:10,280 Speaker 1: of these different toy commercials at seven in the morning 329 00:20:10,280 --> 00:20:11,800 Speaker 1: in Los Angeles because it was the only way to 330 00:20:11,880 --> 00:20:15,760 Speaker 1: clients could come see the films, give you comments, and 331 00:20:15,760 --> 00:20:18,840 Speaker 1: then get back to their offices through the horrendous l 332 00:20:18,880 --> 00:20:22,119 Speaker 1: A traffic. And so one morning, normally we would just 333 00:20:22,240 --> 00:20:25,200 Speaker 1: put out some simple you know, bagels and orange jues 334 00:20:25,240 --> 00:20:26,919 Speaker 1: and things, and I thought to myself, you know, this 335 00:20:26,960 --> 00:20:29,239 Speaker 1: is kind of boring. Let's try and spice this up. 336 00:20:29,240 --> 00:20:31,800 Speaker 1: So I went and bought fresh orange juice for everybody. 337 00:20:32,080 --> 00:20:36,840 Speaker 1: I got this amazing array of of Danish and fruit 338 00:20:37,000 --> 00:20:40,840 Speaker 1: and and everything, and the meeting went so well, I think, 339 00:20:40,880 --> 00:20:43,560 Speaker 1: probably because some of this stuff put people in a 340 00:20:43,600 --> 00:20:46,960 Speaker 1: better mood than they came in that my supervisor came 341 00:20:47,000 --> 00:20:48,399 Speaker 1: to me a week later and said, you know, the 342 00:20:48,440 --> 00:20:50,760 Speaker 1: way you handled yourself in that meeting was phenomenal. I 343 00:20:50,760 --> 00:20:54,080 Speaker 1: didn't do anything but bring the catering. It. We think 344 00:20:54,080 --> 00:20:59,480 Speaker 1: your account super our senior account executive material. Uh, congratulations. 345 00:20:59,720 --> 00:21:02,679 Speaker 1: So but it was really just to your point. It 346 00:21:02,800 --> 00:21:05,960 Speaker 1: was a foundation of go the extra make the extra 347 00:21:06,040 --> 00:21:09,679 Speaker 1: effort and and and create a client experience that people 348 00:21:09,680 --> 00:21:13,720 Speaker 1: remember and make sure that people eat well. Yeah, I'm 349 00:21:13,720 --> 00:21:16,399 Speaker 1: just gonna say that I've learned throughout my career Pete, 350 00:21:16,400 --> 00:21:19,640 Speaker 1: feed people well, good things happen. Thanks very much. John 351 00:21:19,840 --> 00:21:23,520 Speaker 1: Seifert is the chairman and the chief executive of Ogilvy, 352 00:21:24,119 --> 00:21:27,800 Speaker 1: their division of w p P. And congratulations and best 353 00:21:27,800 --> 00:21:31,879 Speaker 1: wishes on your refounding. Uh, this is going to be 354 00:21:31,880 --> 00:21:48,760 Speaker 1: an exceptional time in the world of appetizing in a 355 00:21:48,800 --> 00:21:53,159 Speaker 1: world of mass production, one company remains committed to hand 356 00:21:53,560 --> 00:21:59,520 Speaker 1: made items, specifically hand made beds and linen's And joining 357 00:21:59,600 --> 00:22:02,440 Speaker 1: us now is Yan right. He is the executive chairman 358 00:22:02,560 --> 00:22:05,719 Speaker 1: of Houstins and they are based in Sweden, and it's 359 00:22:05,760 --> 00:22:07,520 Speaker 1: a pleasure to have him here in our eleven three 360 00:22:07,560 --> 00:22:10,000 Speaker 1: y OHD studio. Yean, thank you very much for being here. 361 00:22:10,320 --> 00:22:12,679 Speaker 1: Give people just a little a brief history of this 362 00:22:12,760 --> 00:22:16,960 Speaker 1: is a fifth generation family owned business and you start. 363 00:22:17,040 --> 00:22:20,480 Speaker 1: The business started by making saddles and now it makes 364 00:22:20,600 --> 00:22:25,200 Speaker 1: mattresses as well as other items to help you sleep better. Yes, 365 00:22:25,600 --> 00:22:30,720 Speaker 1: my grandfather's grandfather also master saddler, and he founded the 366 00:22:30,800 --> 00:22:35,280 Speaker 1: company twenty two on March eighteen hundred fifty two. So 367 00:22:35,480 --> 00:22:38,880 Speaker 1: we are on a mission to sorry people, to make 368 00:22:39,480 --> 00:22:43,840 Speaker 1: people's lives better. And the focus have been on belts 369 00:22:43,880 --> 00:22:47,920 Speaker 1: since the start and only on belts, Son and accessories 370 00:22:48,800 --> 00:22:54,760 Speaker 1: hundred sounds since nineteen seventeen. So I was reading through 371 00:22:55,000 --> 00:22:58,560 Speaker 1: your catalog and the mattresses can go from four thousand 372 00:22:58,560 --> 00:23:00,840 Speaker 1: dollars up to more than a hundred and dollars depending 373 00:23:00,840 --> 00:23:04,080 Speaker 1: on what you customize them. They are a luxury product 374 00:23:04,080 --> 00:23:09,119 Speaker 1: made from natural ingredients and handcrafted. I'm trying to understand 375 00:23:09,160 --> 00:23:11,920 Speaker 1: how the business has changed for you, because when I 376 00:23:11,960 --> 00:23:14,120 Speaker 1: travel on the subway in New York City, I see 377 00:23:14,119 --> 00:23:18,199 Speaker 1: a lot of advertisements for for Caspers or uh, you know, 378 00:23:18,520 --> 00:23:21,320 Speaker 1: name your mattress shop. It seems like it has gotten 379 00:23:21,720 --> 00:23:24,960 Speaker 1: more competitive and more crowded with companies that don't have 380 00:23:25,000 --> 00:23:28,840 Speaker 1: the same kind of overhead. Well, it's a lot of 381 00:23:28,920 --> 00:23:32,840 Speaker 1: crap out there in the jungle. The keys that the 382 00:23:32,880 --> 00:23:37,320 Speaker 1: consumer are intelligence and they recognized they have a lack 383 00:23:37,359 --> 00:23:40,280 Speaker 1: of sleep, they are sleep deprivated and so on. So 384 00:23:41,040 --> 00:23:44,760 Speaker 1: they are looking for for some things that really changed 385 00:23:44,760 --> 00:23:50,240 Speaker 1: that and what other product would be better for your health? 386 00:23:50,720 --> 00:23:54,119 Speaker 1: What other product would be better for your beauty? And 387 00:23:54,400 --> 00:23:56,959 Speaker 1: sleeping really really good in the Hastin's path, have you 388 00:23:57,040 --> 00:24:00,440 Speaker 1: seen business expand substantially over the past few years. Yes, 389 00:24:00,560 --> 00:24:04,440 Speaker 1: we are growing rapidly. We've been growing rapidly for almost 390 00:24:04,520 --> 00:24:08,480 Speaker 1: forty years and right now we are growing pcent in 391 00:24:08,520 --> 00:24:14,880 Speaker 1: the United States this year compared last year growth were 392 00:24:15,040 --> 00:24:19,760 Speaker 1: We are are aiming for more than growth and we 393 00:24:19,840 --> 00:24:22,720 Speaker 1: do that in ten of our top markets. How much 394 00:24:22,760 --> 00:24:25,879 Speaker 1: how much does this sort of hinge on the population 395 00:24:25,920 --> 00:24:30,000 Speaker 1: of wealthy individuals and how that's increased. Um, I don't know. 396 00:24:30,080 --> 00:24:35,560 Speaker 1: Of course, they need to sleep, but everyone needs to sleep. 397 00:24:35,600 --> 00:24:40,040 Speaker 1: So we are on a mission to reach any consumer 398 00:24:40,800 --> 00:24:45,240 Speaker 1: that from four thousand dollars and upwards, anyone that prioritize 399 00:24:45,920 --> 00:24:49,119 Speaker 1: to live better, to have a better life, be happier 400 00:24:50,119 --> 00:24:54,719 Speaker 1: and look younger and sleep. But they are we are 401 00:24:54,760 --> 00:24:59,040 Speaker 1: here for them. Tell us about your plans in specifically 402 00:24:59,080 --> 00:25:01,280 Speaker 1: in India, because as I was noting that you have 403 00:25:01,720 --> 00:25:04,480 Speaker 1: You've got a franchise model there and you have really 404 00:25:04,880 --> 00:25:09,320 Speaker 1: tried to expand the business and maybe just give us 405 00:25:09,720 --> 00:25:13,600 Speaker 1: a little bit of look better. Why you you selected India, Well, 406 00:25:13,800 --> 00:25:17,879 Speaker 1: we are working with farty seven countries right now. India 407 00:25:18,000 --> 00:25:22,200 Speaker 1: is one of them. It's maybe a coincidence that you 408 00:25:22,800 --> 00:25:26,000 Speaker 1: picked India. But we have a growth rate. I saw 409 00:25:26,160 --> 00:25:28,600 Speaker 1: the morning's figures. We have a growth rate compared to 410 00:25:28,720 --> 00:25:33,760 Speaker 1: last year. We have plus two thousand percent in India. 411 00:25:34,359 --> 00:25:37,639 Speaker 1: So we are working. We have local partners, that is, 412 00:25:37,880 --> 00:25:41,639 Speaker 1: people that have discovered our product. They sleep in our 413 00:25:41,680 --> 00:25:47,520 Speaker 1: product themselves and they feel that our mission to make 414 00:25:47,600 --> 00:25:51,040 Speaker 1: this world a better place and how people sar people 415 00:25:52,000 --> 00:25:58,760 Speaker 1: to sleep better is amazing thing. So so I'm wondering. 416 00:25:58,880 --> 00:26:00,960 Speaker 1: You know a lot of people talk about the input costs. 417 00:26:01,000 --> 00:26:03,600 Speaker 1: You know, the commodity prices have been increasing, and I'm wondering, 418 00:26:03,640 --> 00:26:06,879 Speaker 1: from your perspective, have you seen that it is getting 419 00:26:06,880 --> 00:26:09,480 Speaker 1: more expensive not only to source materials but also to 420 00:26:09,520 --> 00:26:13,800 Speaker 1: pay people to actually do the labor. Well, of course 421 00:26:14,080 --> 00:26:17,280 Speaker 1: labor costs, but but we are located in Sweden, so 422 00:26:17,640 --> 00:26:22,119 Speaker 1: we have the usual increase and we have very qualified labor. 423 00:26:22,720 --> 00:26:25,640 Speaker 1: But I love him. It's like people live well in Sweden. 424 00:26:25,800 --> 00:26:28,640 Speaker 1: I'm like you, and the this isn't an issue in Sweden. 425 00:26:28,720 --> 00:26:33,520 Speaker 1: I know Swedenly swedenly isn't the low cost country to produce, 426 00:26:33,560 --> 00:26:35,800 Speaker 1: but we do that because we want to have the 427 00:26:35,840 --> 00:26:40,760 Speaker 1: highest quality. What about the commodity prices, Well, we source 428 00:26:40,880 --> 00:26:44,359 Speaker 1: the highest and best quality materials and of course the 429 00:26:44,400 --> 00:26:48,600 Speaker 1: prices go up, but they are following index. It's it's 430 00:26:48,600 --> 00:26:52,159 Speaker 1: nothing special. Also, just to mention it because it may 431 00:26:52,160 --> 00:26:55,600 Speaker 1: not be evident, but your beds can be found in 432 00:26:55,680 --> 00:26:59,879 Speaker 1: hotels as well as in cruise ships. That's another more 433 00:27:00,040 --> 00:27:04,119 Speaker 1: And it's not just the stationary market. Uh, Is that 434 00:27:04,200 --> 00:27:07,760 Speaker 1: something that you're also pursuing. We are not prioritized that. 435 00:27:07,920 --> 00:27:13,840 Speaker 1: We have started very recently working with the hospitality. So 436 00:27:14,040 --> 00:27:18,960 Speaker 1: it has only been individuals that have been sleeping on 437 00:27:19,000 --> 00:27:21,719 Speaker 1: our beds. Someone they have started sleeping in hastins. They 438 00:27:21,760 --> 00:27:24,879 Speaker 1: want it in their yacht, they want it in our airplane. 439 00:27:25,880 --> 00:27:30,280 Speaker 1: So we supply our planes and we can customize whatever 440 00:27:30,359 --> 00:27:33,000 Speaker 1: you want. Yeah, and right, thank you so much for 441 00:27:33,040 --> 00:27:36,320 Speaker 1: being with us. Young right, executive chairman of Hostins, talking 442 00:27:36,359 --> 00:27:40,120 Speaker 1: about the importance of sleep and him he doesn't need 443 00:27:40,160 --> 00:27:43,960 Speaker 1: to convince me, does he needs to convince you, not 444 00:27:44,000 --> 00:27:46,520 Speaker 1: at all. But I I just spend more time getting 445 00:27:46,560 --> 00:27:50,359 Speaker 1: up earlier now I do, yes, all right, so I 446 00:27:50,400 --> 00:27:53,879 Speaker 1: get older. Well, you know, in fairness, my bed often 447 00:27:54,800 --> 00:27:57,600 Speaker 1: gets shared. It's certainly early morning by the little pitter 448 00:27:57,640 --> 00:28:00,920 Speaker 1: pattern that comes tramping in and it's wid spy. Yeah. 449 00:28:01,000 --> 00:28:05,120 Speaker 1: They disturbed my sleep plenty, exactly. Um, thank you very 450 00:28:05,200 --> 00:28:11,760 Speaker 1: much for being with us. Thanks for listening to the 451 00:28:11,760 --> 00:28:14,880 Speaker 1: Bloomberg P and L podcast. You can subscribe and listen 452 00:28:14,920 --> 00:28:19,080 Speaker 1: to interviews at Apple Podcasts, SoundCloud, or whatever podcast platform 453 00:28:19,119 --> 00:28:23,040 Speaker 1: you prefer. I'm pim Fox. I'm on Twitter at pim Fox. 454 00:28:23,359 --> 00:28:26,840 Speaker 1: I'm on Twitter at Lisa abramowits one before the podcast. 455 00:28:26,880 --> 00:28:29,520 Speaker 1: You can always catch us worldwide on Bloomberg Radio